Garden Basics with Farmer Fred

006 Chickens! Weeding Easy.

April 28, 2020 Fred Hoffman Season 1 Episode 6
Garden Basics with Farmer Fred
006 Chickens! Weeding Easy.
Show Notes Transcript Chapter Markers

People lately aren’t just starting vegetable and flower gardens as a way to help them get through the Coronavirus pandemic. They’re getting chickens, too. There’s been a big demand for baby chicks. People want to have more available forms of protein… just in case that much talked-about meat shortage comes about. But what do you know about picking out and raising baby chicks? Not much, I bet. We bring on an urban chicken consultant, Cherie Sintes-Glover of chickensforeggs.com to fill you in on baby chick basics.
Recommended backyard chicken raising books:
Storey's Guide to Raising Chickens
City Chicks Guide to Keeping Microflocks by Patricia Foreman

Also, tips to ease your weeding chores. Tools and techniques that make weeding less time consuming, such as the hula hoe, triangle hoe and winged weeder-style hoe. And, the benefits of mulch, especially for weed control.

We talk about one of the best plants to grow for cut flowers, the alstroemeria, also known as the Peruvian lily. And, they attract a lot of interest from the garden good guys - bees, hummingbirds and pollinators.

Plus, we help make your garden a more relaxing place with plants that are a show for the nose, fragrant plants…and the ears, after all, who doesn't enjoy the sound of hummingbirds whizzing by; or bees, landing on flowers? It’s all on this week’s Garden Basics with Farmer Fred Podcast, and we will do it all in less than 30 minutes!

Thank you for listening, subscribing and commenting on the Garden Basics with Farmer Fred podcast and the Beyond the Garden Basics Newsletter.

Farmer Fred:

Welcome to the garden basics with farmer Fred podcast. If you're just a beginning gardener or you want good gardening information while you've come to the right spot. People lately aren't just starting vegetable and flower gardens as a way to help them get through this Corona virus pandemic. They're getting chickens too. There's been a big demand for baby chicks for a while now. People want to have more available form of protein just in case that much talked about meat shortage comes about, but what do you know about picking out and raising baby chicks? Well, we're going to bring on an urban chicken consultant. That's a real thing to fill you in on baby chick basics. Also, we have tips to ease your weeding drawers, tools and techniques that make weeding less time consuming. Also, we talk about one of the best plants to grow for cut flowers and it's one that attracts a lot of interest from the garden. Good guys, the bees, the hummingbirds and the pollinators. Plus we help make your garden a more relaxing place with plants that are a show for the nose and the ears. What? Yeah, it's all on this edition of the garden basics with farmer Fred podcast. And we're going to do it all in less than 30 minutes. Let's get started. Where are the eggs? Well, retail demand has spiked in recent weeks as consumers stock up on eggs during the Corona virus induced stay at home orders. National egg supplies are about a quarter below year ago. Levels and at their lowest in several years, people are buying eggs. And you know what else they're doing? Oh, if they can't buy eggs, they're getting chicks. What do they do? Let's go to the expert. Urban chicken consultant, Sheree Cintas, Glover of the website, chickens for eggs.com. And Sheree, for those who don't know, establish your credentials, you are a credentialed chicken person.

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

I am, um, I am certified by, um, uh, CFA or I am a poultry health inspector for the California fairs and expos. And I've been a four H, uh, poultry leader for more than 20 years. Um, and I teach chicken classes. Basically, I, I, um, help people with, um, all the basics as well as the more tricky things having to do with chicken. Raising because chicken keeping is a popular thing. Especially right now.

Farmer Fred:

Yeah. Especially right now. You got that right. And with people panic buying chicks, I can imagine they may be just scooping up whatever chicks they find and not realizing, uh, they may not have wanted to pick that one. And you might, you might want to expound upon that.

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

Oh, absolutely. So there, there's definitely a chick frenzy happening at the moment. Um, people are scooping up checks left, right and center and the feed stores know it. I think all of the different outlets where you can buy chicks then the hatcheries it so they are producing like crazy. And so it's been, it's been very interesting. I've already gotten a lot of calls and emails about what to do with these chicks that they brought home.

Farmer Fred:

And how can one tell when one's looking at a box full of little furry, yellow cheaper's? Which one is a laying hand in? Which one is a rooster?

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

Well, you know, luckily the feed stores for the most part, they will separate them out. They'll either have a big bin of chicks that are, um, are pullets. So you want to look for the sign that says bullets because that means that more than likely those chicks are going to be females, but they're going to lay the eggs for you. If you see like a standard run, um, or straight run is what they call it, um, then you know that that's going to be a mixture bin. That means that you're gonna have maybe a 50, 50 chance of getting a male or a female. Although a lot of people say they end up with a lot of males. So, so aim for the pullet. The other thing to look for is you want to look for the chicks that are active, that are alert, that are bright. You also want to kind of take a look at their push, uh, and see if there's anything kind of spec on there. Um, many times chicks, if they're in a stress disorder or they're too hot or too cold, they'll develop something called PC bag and that's when their droppings don't completely drop to the shavings or the floor. Um, and you definitely want a chick that is healthy and that doesn't have anything specked with little tush.

Farmer Fred:

All right? You found the right chicks, you've taken them home. Now what?

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

Well, hopefully, hopefully you've already gotten your brooder pen already set up before going to the feed store, which I know doesn't always happen, but if it's just like if you're bringing home a new puppy or a new kitten, you want to have everything set up and already ready to go by the time that chicken gets home. Um, so you're going to make sure that it's warm. You have a heat lamp. Um, uh, really the easiest way to set up for brooder is to use one of those plastic clear storage bins that you might have laying around the house. It has enclosed by, you can, it has an open top so you can kind of control the heat. Um, and you should have it set up with a heat lamps so that it's just the right temperature. Um, another important thing to consider is the bedding, right? What kind of floor do you want to have in a little brooder? Do not use newspaper if at all humanly possible to not use newspaper. The reason for this is that the floor is very slick and on newspaper the surface and that can cause sprawl lag and other Lake conditions and chicks. So really the best thing to use is actually paper towels, which I know might be hard for a lot of people to get right now, but if you have an extra roll of paper towels, use that as the, as the bedding or to cover the surface floor of the Gruder. Um, another option is to use very finely ground shavings, but very, very few. And that because the chicken little beanie chicks tend to eat up the, the shavings, which can cloud them up a little bit as well.

Farmer Fred:

How many layers of paper towels do you need to have on the bottom of that for the chair?

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

Maybe just one to two layers. Not too much. What you can do is you can add a layer on top. When you add more, you don't have to take it out each time. Um, and I usually will do that two or three or four times before I actually roll up the whole floor of paper towels and then put a fresh, you know, brand new layer on there. So it takes a little while. Luckily a chick chicks poop isn't too big.

Farmer Fred:

Now you mentioned heat lamps earlier. Chicks need to stay warm. What is their ideal temperature range and how long do you need to use that heat lamp?

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

Oh yes. So usually we aim for about 95 degrees. And the best way to kind of guesstimate or figure out what the best temperature is, is really to watch those checks. Those checks are going to tell you by their movements if they are too warm or if they're too cool. If you see the chick all huddled underneath that heat lamp, um, you're going to want to lower it because that's going to get the heat a little bit closer to them. If you go in and you look at your baby chicks and they are in every far corner of the bin and they want to get as far away from that heat lamp as possible, that means they're way too hot. And in that case, you want to raise that heat lamp up to allow some of the heat to kind of dissipate and, and give them more space. You really want them to be just wandering and halfway tripling and pecking and doing their normal thing. So just watch the checks. That'll tell ya.

Farmer Fred:

I would think one of their normal things to do would be to eat. What do you feed chicks.

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

Oh, so it's really important to feed them a great chick starter. And those are usually higher protein. So 20%, 22%, somewhere around there. It'll be fine granules. And you'll specifically want to get chick starter. Um, and I, what I typically use is an old Manet's darlin. I find that it's perfect because it's not too deep. It allows them to pick through it and kind of, you know, scratch in there as well. Um, and it's easily, you know, clean the, you know, you can clean it easily, you can refill it pretty easily. The other thing is the waterer, um, people often make the mistake of using a huge water or one that has, um, a large outer lip. And what happens with that is sometimes the chicks can drowned in the water, water, fish. So you want to make sure that you've put some clean pebbles or some clean marbles, something in there, um, in the actual reservoir portion to kind of limit how deep they get in that water desk. You're still going to have to show the chicks where the water is when you introduce them to their new home, right? The brooder. And that means you're bringing them over. You're going to dip their beak in the water, let them kind of sit for a second, and you know, swallow, take a drink, they'll figure that out. Um, but I just find that the feed store chick waters worked back

Farmer Fred:

and at some point they're going to outgrow this nice little container and they need more room. When does that happen?

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

They are. So, so chicks, most breeds of chicsville start to feather out, which means, cause you know, they're all fluffy in the beginning, so they'll start to grow their, their adult feathers usually between two and three months. Some breeds take a little bit longer, but once they're fully feathered, which could be four months along, um, they, that's when they're ready to move into their art therapy, especially this time of the year because we know that there'll be in a couple of months, but whether it will be good, it will be cold outside. So it's really good timing. They're going to grow and you're going to want to watch that space and then maybe even have a transitional coop. So that means that they're in this little chick brooder, maybe in two months they're then moved to a larger box, maybe out in the garage or into another larger space. There's, it's a good idea to do that if you're not quite ready with your, um, and if you haven't gotten your coop built already, I would definitely start planning that, at least by the day that you bring the chick film to. And if you're at all handy, try to build on yourself if you can. Um, I always prefer, um, a recommend that people use hardwired class if they build their own versus chicken wire because even though chicken wire is called chicken wire, it typically is not predator proof.

Farmer Fred:

Yeah, that's the whole idea is, is to keep the bad guys out. And hardware cloth I believe is quarter inch mesh and, and it's a heavy duty cloth too. So I could see how that could be secure. Yes. I would imagine you have links to a lot of this information at your website. Chickens for eggs.com.

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

You know, there's, there is some information on there, but what I'm gearing up to do is a series of webinars or zoom or video conference classes, um, with the, with everything kind of changing the dynamics of our environment right now it's making it really difficult to have in person classes as you can imagine. So we're switching gears and we're actually gonna do a series of online or video conferencing type classes.

Farmer Fred:

I would imagine those webinars will then be available afterwards for people who may not be able to make it at the time it's originally done.

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

Yes. Um, and we can do video conferencing with folks that want to do individual consultations. Often what I'll, what I'll get contacted about is someone's not sure where to put the coop or what breeds take a purchase or just they want to know the basics. So they'll actually arrange for a private consultation where normally I would come out to their home and we'd do the consultation in person. Um, but these days, luckily thanks to all of our technology, we can actually do that from the comfort of our own homes. So it's a great option. FaceTiming for eggs. Yes. The fact that they're, they're buying up ticks like crazy and then they've got to figure out what to do with them. So that's what I'm here to help with.

Farmer Fred:

If people want more information about raising backyard chickens for the eggs, I imagine you must know a couple of good books on the subject.

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

Oh, absolutely. There are two of my most favorite books on chicken keeping are the story's guide to raising chicken. It's by Gail Dan Morrow and they've done a couple of versions over the years, but fantastic books. That's a good one to just hang onto no matter what. The other one is called city chick and it's by Patricia Foreman. Um, and it's specifically geared towards people who are also gardeners. So it's a great book.

Farmer Fred:

Great information can be found@chickensforeggs.com that's the website for Sherry Cintas Glover. Sheree, thanks for a few minutes of your time.

Cherie Sintes-Glover:

Oh, you're super welcome. Fred. Thank you so much for having me on and, and I want to wish everyone great luck with our check and be sure to reach out if they have any question.

Farmer Fred:

Here on the garden basics podcast, we want to answer your garden questions a couple of ways you can do that. Give us a call,(916) 292-8964 that number again,(916) 292-8964 you can either leave a message or you can text that number as well. Be patient. There are a lot of rings before we pick up. Another way is email. Send your garden questions to fred@farmerfred.com that's fred@farmerfred.com one benefit of email is you can attach a photo of a bug or a plant that you're trying to identify. We're looking forward to hearing and seeing your questions and thanks for listening to the garden basics with farmer Fred podcast. I appreciate all your support and all your comments.

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Farmer Fred:

we'd like to answer your questions here on the garden basics with farmer Fred podcast. You just found out how you can submit your questions. We like to bring in Debbie flour to help answer these toughies. Debbie flower, retired college horticultural professor and Debbie. We've been getting a lot of questions over on the get growing with farmer Fred Facebook page and some of them require some thought, like Victoria writes in and says, how do you weed efficiently if you're a 72 year old retired a widow? Wow. Maybe we'll just wait. Yeah, yeah. Something I actually do think about because I love being in my garden and I'm not a 72 year old widow and I don't know if I'll, I hope I'll get to be 72 and I don't know that I'll be a widow, but, um, as I'm out in the garden working, I do think about how am I going to do this as I age in my body, you know, isn't as capable as it once was. So this is something that a retired widow might be considering is how do we, how do we eat efficiently and for, and for that matter, we all want to, we'd officially, they're not going to go away. So it's a matter of controlling it. It is a matter of controlling it. And so, uh, if we started with a clean piece of land and no weeds, the first thing I would do is mulch. I like to use the chips from an arborist and that's, so that's the tree. It's, it's the bark and believes and the interior wood part of the tree and put it down sickly, sickly being at least four inches and that will keep the seed. The seeds don't go away. The weed seeds are in the soil and they don't go away. They will germinate in fact under the mulch, but they have only so much food in their seed and they need that food to get the STEM and leaves up through the mulch and expose it to the sun so the plant can make its own food. If you put the mulch on deep enough that they never emerged from that pile of mulch. And so they don't grow, that's one way to present them. But if they're already there, then a weeding needs to be done. When is most efficiently done when the weeds are very tiny plants, when they have just germinated. So that means you need to go out really often and, and walk through the landscape. I try to do it every day and find those areas of the landscape where the weeds are germinating. Bending over might be a challenge. And if it is for, for this person, then a hula hoe, that's a brand. It's actually a reciprocating hoe. So a hoe is a tool on the end of a, a long like broomstick. And the reciprocating hoe is a shape of a sort of a flattened circle. It's more of a rectangle, a rectangle or square than it is a circle and it's open in the middle and it has sharp blades at the soil level and it moves back and forth. That's the reciprocating part. So as you put the hoe on the ground and slide it back and forth, it actually cuts through the weeds at the soil level. It only works on very young leads and the advantage is it doesn't dig up more weeds. If you pull weeds out and get a whole bunch of soil out of the ground with them, yay, that weed is gone, but you have just disturbed soil and brought up seeds that have been buried and would not germinate except that now you expose them to Aaron sun and good temperatures and they probably will germinate. So the advantage of hoeing your weeds away, and I prefer a reciprocating hoe, although other hoes can be used hoes that don't have that open hollow center and don't reciprocate, meaning they don't move back and forth and cut off those baby weeds at the soil level. For someone who can't bend over, I think is the most efficient way. I have this really nice lightweight aluminum hoeing device that I used and it has a triangular head, a very sharp point at one end and a flat side on the back. Sort of like a perfect triangle, but it's very, but it's very sharp. So you can either use the sharp end to really get close to it or you could use that flat and, and just swoop at it at ground level to cut it off. And, uh, really does a good job. Yes. Lightweight matters. As we age, uh, our strength diminishes. So lightweight matters and, and the sharpness matters and tools need to be kept sharp. Uh, shovels can be sharpened, hose can be sharpened. Uh, and so that is something to make sure that you do with your tools that will aid your efficiency in weeding. And when the weeds pop up, then take that hoe the hula hoe or some sort of sharpened edge hoe and cut it off at the surface level. Eventually it'll run out of steam and not come back. The wheat, the wheat actually a 72 year old widow runs out of steam to maybe the hoe one, too. Yeah, that's a possibility. Many other things that you can purchase to help you, uh, with, with weeding. They're there if the arthritis is starting to get to your hands. And um, many of us who have used our hands all our lives to do this wonderful gardening may experience that there are grips. You can get foam grips to go on the tools that make them easier to handle. There are uh, garden benches of getting down onto the ground is not doable anymore. There are garden benches, some are on wheels, some are not. Uh, they can be flipped over and you can be close to the ground or that you can sit on them at, at a sitting height. Um, you could do a raised bed, which means the weeds are closer to where you are. Or if you put a wide, uh, edge to that raised bed, you can sit on it and pull the weeds from there. Um, so there are lots of ways to spend money to make it easier. But I think if, if the first thing I would get is, is that hoe. I would advise her to pay her grandson to pull them. Right. Or the child at the street. Yes, yes. Just to get them out of the ground first and then do the mulching trick and it really works. And even if we seeds fly in from someplace else and germinate in the mulch, they come up really easy. Yes, that's very true. They do come up very easily. Yes. But again, thickly mulching is a great way to go to control weeds. I've done that in my yard for the last four years now, and it really does, not only does it cut down weeding, but especially those arborist chips, uh, do a great job of breaking down and feeding the soil. And I've been digging in that area today and I'm amazed at the earthworm activity that is there now that wasn't there four years ago. Yes, yes. It's wonderful stuff for the soil and it will reduce your need for fertilizer in the landscape. Absolutely. So you're saving money there. Um, I actually did have one. I've had used smelt in my property for many years as well, and, and, uh, a company I'd never heard of or dealt with before brought me a load of mulch and actually offered that some of his crew could come and spread the mulch if I wanted that. I didn't take him up on that. But that's something to consider if you're getting mulch from an arborist company. Exactly. Yeah. If you have ever done any business with a tree company, uh, give them a call, tell them that you're a customer and if they ever have crews in the neighborhood to, uh, drop off the load so they don't have to take it to the landfill. Right. It saves some money and time and time is also money. So it, it's a, it's a win win situation here. And sometimes leaving behind a six pack of beer helps too. Great beer, water, whatever. Yes. Yeah. Okay. All right. There we solve the weed problems. Debbie flower. Always a pleasure and thanks for your time. Oh, thanks for having me. Fred.

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Farmer Fred:

looking for a long lasting cut flower, you might want to try the Alstroemeria. It's also known as the Peruvian Lily. This may be the queen of cut flowers. The flower which comes in many colors and resembles a miniature Lilly is very popular for bouquets and flower arrangements, especially at your local florist. The cut flower will last for two weeks. Alstroemeria is the Peruvian. Lily also attracts many garden good guys, including bees, birds, beneficial insects and hummingbirds. And it does well in containers. Most Peruvian lilies available for the home garden get about two to three feet tall and because they start off as bulbs, those bulbs will multiply in mild climates. The plant will spread. Peruvian lilies will bloom in late spring and early summer. The roots are Hardy down to about a temperature of 23 degrees or so, so that means they're suitable for USDA zone six through 10 the plant requires at least six hours of morning light, regular water and well-drained soil. The trick though is how to harvest the Alstroemeria flowers with that information. Here's Warren Roberts. He's the superintendent emeritus of the university of California Davis Arboretum. Alstroemeria is sometimes called peru lily, although they're really from Chile, the name C hile L ily hasn't caught o n, s o that would be the more appropriate name. Great cut flower, but you don't cut them, you pull them and then you bring them in. That's one of the longest l asting flowers. And one more tip. If you're shopping at a nursery for the Alstroemeria, the Peruvian Lily, only buy one container, first of all. They're not that cheap. They can sell anywhere from 15 to$25 for a one gallon container, but trust me, when you plant it, it will spread. In fact, when you take it out of the pot that it came in from the nursery, you'll see all sorts of bulbs and you can separate those out by 12 inches or so and that area will fill in.

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Farmer Fred:

Finally, during these, shall we say, uncertain times, let the garden be your natural valium, a place for you to go to relax, enjoy and smile and Oasis filled with tasty treats and eye catching flowers, but don't ignore making your other senses happy as well. And I mean your nose and ears really a show for the nose. Well, let's talk about that. The familiar aroma of a fragrant flower or a crushed leaf of a fragrant plant can transport you back in time. It's an instant vacation to your happy place. Put those fragrant plants where you will enjoy them the most maybe right outside your front door or your backyard patio. I'm sure you're familiar with fragrant roses and among the fragrant roses tried the David Austin line of roses. Many of you may have gardenias with their perfume like a Roma every spring and summer. Well here are some shows for the nose you may not be aware of. All of these will do well here in California and if you have a mild climate where you live, I bet many of these will do well there. Two star Jasmine, it's not a true Jasmine, but it's a popular evergreen twining vine. It's most noted for the fragrance of its small white flowers in the spring. It can be used against a trellis or as a spreading ground cover. It does well with afternoon shade and regular water and star Jasmine are very attractive to bees. Now just to make sure there was no confusion. The botanical name for star Jasmine is a real tongue twister. Trache low Superman. I can't even say it. Trache low spur mum, Jasmine naughties. I'll say that again cause it's fun. Trache low sperm from Jasmine noise. He's one of my favorite shows for the nose is the banana shrub. Now I'm not talking about a banana plant that grows something you peel and eat. The banana shrub is actually in the Magnolia family. It's the botanical name is Magnolia FIGO. It's an evergreen shrub. It has small yet very fragrant pink or cream colored flowers during mid-spring. And why is it called a banana shrub? Well, one whiff, and you just might be reminded of the aroma of juicy fruit gum, which has kind of a banana scent to it. One of my favorite plants for a shady area, especially right outside a door is winter. Daphne, Daphne Adora. This evergreen shrub solves two vexing garden problems. It's a plant that thrives in full shade and it produces fragrant blooms in the dead of winter, winter, Daphne, it'll do well in miler areas of the West and the South. A plant that does well anywhere is tuberose. The blooms of this perennial tuber, which is a native Mexico, will fill your backyard with a heady scent during summer evenings. It has grass like leaves that can get to three feet tall. But the white tubular flowers, which are clustered at the top have this delightful aroma. It's a good choice for container so you can move it indoors if it gets too cold and then set it back out when the weather gets warmer. The tuberose needs regular water to look its best. Another one with a name that describes it all. Sweet box. It's an evergreen shrub for shady areas. Sweatbox is at its most fragrant during late winter and early spring and the botanical name for sweet box is Sarka Coca. There's plenty more shows for the nose. I don't have time to talk about like winter sweet white, evening Primrose, flowering tobacco or sweet olive, but don't forget the evergreen shrubs and herbs that can provide an enticing aroma when their leaves are crushed. And that includes sweet Bay, Rosemary and cilantro. Now what's this about? A garden show for the ears. I don't know about you, but whenever I hear the buzzing of a bumblebee or a native bee or the quick wing flapping of hummingbirds, I get a big smile and I bet you will too. By the way, to attract native bees to your yard, just put in native plants among the general plants that bees like. The list includes catnip, oregano, cosmos, Rosemary, lavender, sunflowers, bottlebrush, and a lot more hummingbird. Attractive plants are everywhere. They love any plant with tubular shaped flowers. My favorite right now is the flowering maple, the beauty salon, which thrives in the warmer areas of most of the Sunbelt States. Other hummingbird attractive plants include lavender high biscuits just about any variety of Sage bottlebrush, the butterfly, Bush citrus plants, the flowering crab Apple tree, Lantana aloe Vera begonias, fuchsias, Columbine, coral bells day lilies, gladiolus impatience Hollyhock, the Peruvian Lily, the Alstroemeria petunias snapdragons zinnias trumpet vine morning glory. Well, you get the idea hummingbirds like a lot of plants, more information and links about the garden plants that are a show for the nose and the years is available in today's show. Description for the garden basics with farmer Fred podcast. You better believe it. A garden is a treat for your eyes, but don't forget about pleasing your nose and ears too. When you walk out into the yard, say, be sure to leave a comment or rating of garden basics with farmer Fred wherever you get your podcasts and please share it with your garden friends. I appreciate it.

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Farmer Fred:

thank you for listening to garden basics with farmer Fred. I appreciate you listening. Would you please subscribe? You can find the podcast at Apple, Spotify, Stitcher, Google podcast, attic, and Hey Alexa, play the garden basics with farmer Fred podcast. Thank you. But, um, as I'm out in the garden working, I do think about how am I going to do this as I age in my body, you know, isn't as capable as it once was. Is that the difference between men and women? Is that you're out there thinking about what am I going to do in 10 years? Well, I don't know. Men don't think about that stuff? They just take it a day at a time? Uh, basically, it might go as far out as I wonder what baseball games on TV tonight. good luck with that right now. Yeah. See, I know. I'm getting a lot done as a result.

Backyard Chickens for Beginners
Weeding Made Easier
All about Alstroemerias, the Peruvian Lily
Plants that are a Show for the Nose, and Ears