{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":0.93,"endTime":4.47,"body":"Hey, fellow mathematicians!"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":0.93,"endTime":4.47,"body":"Welcome to the podcast where"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":4.47,"endTime":7.17,"body":"Math is Figure-Out-Able! I'm"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":4.47,"endTime":7.17,"body":"Pam."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":7.53,"endTime":8.22,"body":"And I'm Kim."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":8.58,"endTime":11.91,"body":"And you found a place where"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":8.58,"endTime":11.91,"body":"Math is not about memorizing and"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":11.91,"endTime":15.24,"body":"mimicking, waiting to be told or"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":11.91,"endTime":15.24,"body":"shown what to do. But it's about"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":15.24,"endTime":18.99,"body":"making sense of problems,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":15.24,"endTime":18.99,"body":"noticing patterns, and reasoning"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":18.99,"endTime":22.68,"body":"using mathematical"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":18.99,"endTime":22.68,"body":"relationships. We believe we can"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":22.68,"endTime":27.09,"body":"mentor students to think and"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":22.68,"endTime":27.09,"body":"reason like mathematicians. Not"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":27.09,"endTime":30.69,"body":"only are algorithms not"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":27.09,"endTime":30.69,"body":"particularly helpful in teaching"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":30.69,"endTime":34.65,"body":"mathematics, but, ya'll, rotely"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":30.69,"endTime":34.65,"body":"repeating steps actually keeps"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":34.65,"endTime":37.56,"body":"students from being the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":34.65,"endTime":37.56,"body":"mathematicians they can be."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":38.31,"endTime":41.19,"body":"So, I'm laughing a little"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":38.31,"endTime":41.19,"body":"bit as you're talking because"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":41.19,"endTime":44.25,"body":"I'm listening to the things that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":41.19,"endTime":44.25,"body":"you're saying, and I'm kind of"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":44.25,"endTime":46.77,"body":"nodding. I'm like, \"Yes.\" And"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":44.25,"endTime":46.77,"body":"then, I look up a little bit,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":46.77,"endTime":51.84,"body":"and I glance at the title, what"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":46.77,"endTime":51.84,"body":"we titled this episode. We call"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":51.84,"endTime":55.71,"body":"this episode Memorizing"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":51.84,"endTime":55.71,"body":"Subtraction Facts. (unclear)"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":55.71,"endTime":55.74,"body":"(unclear)."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":55.83,"endTime":60.75,"body":"Well, Pam. So, we probably"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":55.83,"endTime":60.75,"body":"need to get into it really"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":60.75,"endTime":62.82,"body":"quickly because I'm sure there's"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":60.75,"endTime":62.82,"body":"some people who are like, \"What?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":62.85,"endTime":66.33,"body":"What are they going to talk"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":62.85,"endTime":66.33,"body":"about on memorizing?\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":66.69,"endTime":70.86,"body":"Yeah. So, Kim, I find this"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":66.69,"endTime":70.86,"body":"fascinating. You know, I'm a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":70.86,"endTime":76.74,"body":"little bit of a wordsmith. I'm a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":70.86,"endTime":76.74,"body":"little bit. I enjoy the exercise"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":76.74,"endTime":81.21,"body":"of debating. I enjoy, really"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":76.74,"endTime":81.21,"body":"getting under meaning. I enjoy,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":81.21,"endTime":83.34,"body":"you know like, really"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":81.21,"endTime":83.34,"body":"understanding what people are"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":83.34,"endTime":87.03,"body":"talking about, and asking them"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":83.34,"endTime":87.03,"body":"to define their terms, and just"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":87.03,"endTime":90.09,"body":"being really super clear on"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":87.03,"endTime":90.09,"body":"things. And one of the things"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":90.09,"endTime":94.14,"body":"that has been fascinating to me,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":90.09,"endTime":94.14,"body":"as I've been working with people"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":94.14,"endTime":98.64,"body":"to build their powerful numeracy"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":94.14,"endTime":98.64,"body":"over the last 20-25 years, is"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":98.67,"endTime":104.49,"body":"this confusion over the word"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":98.67,"endTime":104.49,"body":"\"memorize\". That we really think"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":104.49,"endTime":108.3,"body":"it means something different"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":104.49,"endTime":108.3,"body":"than like as we're"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":108.3,"endTime":111.9,"body":"communicating. So, I want to get"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":108.3,"endTime":111.9,"body":"really clear today about what we"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":111.9,"endTime":116.79,"body":"mean when we say, \"We want kids"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":111.9,"endTime":116.79,"body":"to know their facts,\" and what"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":116.79,"endTime":120.6,"body":"we don't mean. So, the word"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":116.79,"endTime":120.6,"body":"\"memorize\", I think, is super"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":120.6,"endTime":124.35,"body":"tricky. Because I think people"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":120.6,"endTime":124.35,"body":"will use it to mean that \"kids"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":124.35,"endTime":127.77,"body":"should rote memorize stuff\", and"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":124.35,"endTime":127.77,"body":"I think other people will use it"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":127.77,"endTime":129.66,"body":"to mean \"the kids should know"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":127.77,"endTime":129.66,"body":"stuff\"."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":129.84,"endTime":130.44,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":130.59,"endTime":133.92,"body":"And even that's a little"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":130.59,"endTime":133.92,"body":"fuzzy. And so, let's parse those"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":133.92,"endTime":140.43,"body":"two out. When I say that I want"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":133.92,"endTime":140.43,"body":"kids to own something deep down,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":140.73,"endTime":145.83,"body":"then that means I want it at"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":140.73,"endTime":145.83,"body":"their fingertips. I want it to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":145.86,"endTime":153.12,"body":"not cause a huge cognitive load"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":145.86,"endTime":153.12,"body":"for them to redo, refigure."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":153.15,"endTime":157.2,"body":"Especially find it in some less"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":153.15,"endTime":157.2,"body":"sophisticated way than the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":157.2,"endTime":162.96,"body":"operations calling for. I want"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":157.2,"endTime":162.96,"body":"it to be something that they own"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":163.11,"endTime":165.96,"body":"with connections to other"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":163.11,"endTime":165.96,"body":"things, so that they have"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":165.96,"endTime":170.97,"body":"multiple neural pathways that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":165.96,"endTime":170.97,"body":"are involved in the knowing, the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":171.0,"endTime":175.44,"body":"owning the really having that,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":171.0,"endTime":175.44,"body":"so that it can ping in their"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":175.44,"endTime":179.73,"body":"intuition, so that when they own"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":175.44,"endTime":179.73,"body":"that fact...say we're talking"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":179.73,"endTime":182.25,"body":"about multiplication facts"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":179.73,"endTime":182.25,"body":"today...when they own that fact,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":182.25,"endTime":185.67,"body":"that things ping for them,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":182.25,"endTime":185.67,"body":"relationships and mathematical"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":185.67,"endTime":190.26,"body":"connections occur to them. They"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":185.67,"endTime":190.26,"body":"have intuition around it because"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":190.59,"endTime":195.6,"body":"it is deeply owned. Now, if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":190.59,"endTime":195.6,"body":"that's what you mean, when you"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":195.6,"endTime":198.96,"body":"say \"Yeah, so they've memorized"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":195.6,"endTime":198.96,"body":"it.\" You know, \"They have it in"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":198.96,"endTime":202.11,"body":"their memory.\" If that's what"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":198.96,"endTime":202.11,"body":"you mean, okay, great. Then yay,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":202.11,"endTime":205.26,"body":"let's do that. But I think the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":202.11,"endTime":205.26,"body":"word \"memorize\" is tricky"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":205.35,"endTime":210.27,"body":"because I think it can also mean"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":205.35,"endTime":210.27,"body":"the way you get there, the way"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":210.27,"endTime":211.14,"body":"you own it."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":211.32,"endTime":211.56,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":211.56,"endTime":215.04,"body":"And it can mean... And so,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":211.56,"endTime":215.04,"body":"I don't know. Several years ago."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":215.04,"endTime":219.39,"body":"I stopped saying the word"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":215.04,"endTime":219.39,"body":"\"memorize\" when what I meant was"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":219.72,"endTime":224.88,"body":"\"rote memorize\". So, I think"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":219.72,"endTime":224.88,"body":"that \"memorize\" often can mean"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":224.88,"endTime":227.43,"body":"to people that we're \"rote"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":224.88,"endTime":227.43,"body":"memorizing\" something. And"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":227.43,"endTime":229.89,"body":"you're like, \"What does that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":227.43,"endTime":229.89,"body":"mean?\" Well, that's like where I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":229.89,"endTime":232.95,"body":"admit that it's not really"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":229.89,"endTime":232.95,"body":"understandable. It's not really"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":232.98,"endTime":237.75,"body":"figure-out-able. It's something"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":232.98,"endTime":237.75,"body":"that is rote memorizable, and I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":237.75,"endTime":243.06,"body":"need to, therefore, have a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":237.75,"endTime":243.06,"body":"rhyme, or a rap, or a pneumonic,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":243.06,"endTime":250.05,"body":"or some kind of memory technique"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":243.06,"endTime":250.05,"body":"to be able to memorize that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":250.05,"endTime":253.98,"body":"thing. That it could be a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":250.05,"endTime":253.98,"body":"disconnected way, something that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":253.98,"endTime":256.35,"body":"doesn't have anything to do with"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":253.98,"endTime":256.35,"body":"it. I don't know something about"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":256.77,"endTime":261.18,"body":"Mrs. Week sitting on a chair. Do"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":256.77,"endTime":261.18,"body":"I mention that here Kim? I don't"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":261.18,"endTime":261.42,"body":"know."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":262.44,"endTime":263.94,"body":"No, that's a whole other"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":262.44,"endTime":263.94,"body":"podcast."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":265.83,"endTime":268.68,"body":"I'll mention this one that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":265.83,"endTime":268.68,"body":"was on my kids wall in third"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":268.68,"endTime":273.03,"body":"grade that said something like,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":268.68,"endTime":273.03,"body":"\"6 times 8 like the garden gate"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":273.03,"endTime":276.9,"body":"is made of 6, so it's 56.\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":273.03,"endTime":276.9,"body":"Wait... 6 times 8? And I do that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":276.9,"endTime":281.19,"body":"wrong on purpose. 6 and 8 isn't"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":276.9,"endTime":281.19,"body":"56. I do that wrong on purpose"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":281.19,"endTime":286.68,"body":"to exemplify the problem with"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":281.19,"endTime":286.68,"body":"rote memorizing facts because I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":286.68,"endTime":290.55,"body":"could rote memorize them wrong."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":286.68,"endTime":290.55,"body":"I could rote memorize that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":290.55,"endTime":294.15,"body":"rhyme. It should be, \"7 times 8,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":290.55,"endTime":294.15,"body":"like the garden gate is made of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":294.15,"endTime":298.05,"body":"6, so it's 56.\" But if I rote"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":294.15,"endTime":298.05,"body":"memorize it wrong, then I'll get"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":298.08,"endTime":301.29,"body":"it wrong. I could rote memorize"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":298.08,"endTime":301.29,"body":"the 9's trick with my fingers"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":301.29,"endTime":304.2,"body":"wrong, and I could get the 9's"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":301.29,"endTime":304.2,"body":"wrong. I could rote memorize the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":304.2,"endTime":308.31,"body":"fact 13 minus 8 wrong, and I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":304.2,"endTime":308.31,"body":"could get it. (unclear) real"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":308.31,"endTime":313.11,"body":"consistent about 13 minus 8. But"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":308.31,"endTime":313.11,"body":"if I've memorized it wrong, if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":313.11,"endTime":316.68,"body":"I've rote memorized it wrong, my"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":313.11,"endTime":316.68,"body":"rhyme, my rap, the pneumonic,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":316.68,"endTime":320.67,"body":"the picture I've drawn, the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":316.68,"endTime":320.67,"body":"story I've told. If I somehow"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":320.67,"endTime":322.95,"body":"get that wrong, then I'm going"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":320.67,"endTime":322.95,"body":"to get that fact wrong all the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":322.95,"endTime":327.87,"body":"time. Or another alternative is,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":322.95,"endTime":327.87,"body":"I'm going to forget it. I'm"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":327.87,"endTime":330.9,"body":"going to not be able to recall"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":327.87,"endTime":330.9,"body":"it, and then I'm stuck with"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":330.9,"endTime":335.4,"body":"nothing. \"(unclear) I can't"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":330.9,"endTime":335.4,"body":"remember that rhyme that I had,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":335.4,"endTime":338.82,"body":"or that story that I told, or"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":335.4,"endTime":338.82,"body":"whatever.\" In fact, I was just"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":338.82,"endTime":344.28,"body":"reading in Dr. Nikki Newton's"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":338.82,"endTime":344.28,"body":"Running Records this morning a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":344.28,"endTime":347.43,"body":"little bit about some of the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":344.28,"endTime":347.43,"body":"introductory stuff, and she very"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":347.43,"endTime":349.74,"body":"nicely parsed out where she was"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":347.43,"endTime":349.74,"body":"talking to students, and she"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":349.74,"endTime":353.58,"body":"said, \"So, if this student has"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":349.74,"endTime":353.58,"body":"rote memorize the fact...\" I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":353.58,"endTime":355.62,"body":"think she's the word \"memorize\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":353.58,"endTime":355.62,"body":"not \"rote memorize\", but I'll"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":355.62,"endTime":358.41,"body":"say, \"If the student had rote"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":355.62,"endTime":358.41,"body":"memorized it, when they get to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":358.41,"endTime":362.7,"body":"it on somewhere where they need"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":358.41,"endTime":362.7,"body":"to have it there, and they can't"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":362.7,"endTime":366.48,"body":"recall it from rote memory, then"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":362.7,"endTime":366.48,"body":"they'll just skip it. Or they'll"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":366.48,"endTime":370.5,"body":"guess.\" Like, that's the only"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":366.48,"endTime":370.5,"body":"recourse that they have. And so,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":370.95,"endTime":374.64,"body":"again, I want to just kind of at"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":370.95,"endTime":374.64,"body":"the top of this episode parse"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":374.64,"endTime":378.84,"body":"out the difference between what"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":374.64,"endTime":378.84,"body":"does it mean to have, to own the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":378.84,"endTime":383.31,"body":"fact, so that, yes, I can pop it"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":378.84,"endTime":383.31,"body":"out when I need it. I can have"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":383.31,"endTime":387.39,"body":"it at my fingertips. But more"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":383.31,"endTime":387.39,"body":"than just have it as a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":387.39,"endTime":391.86,"body":"disconnected fact that that's"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":387.39,"endTime":391.86,"body":"all I have. It doesn't have"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":392.28,"endTime":395.22,"body":"multiple mathematical"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":392.28,"endTime":395.22,"body":"connections that ping, that help"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":395.22,"endTime":399.72,"body":"me intuitively do other things"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":395.22,"endTime":399.72,"body":"with it. Help me. Kim, is there"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":399.72,"endTime":400.71,"body":"any that you want to kind of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":399.72,"endTime":400.71,"body":"(unclear)?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":401.19,"endTime":405.51,"body":"Yeah, I mean, I think it's"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":401.19,"endTime":405.51,"body":"so good because either... The"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":405.51,"endTime":409.29,"body":"word \"memorize\" could either"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":405.51,"endTime":409.29,"body":"mean something you've committed"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":409.29,"endTime":412.65,"body":"to memory, in whatever way"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":409.29,"endTime":412.65,"body":"you've committed it. Which is"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":412.65,"endTime":415.77,"body":"what you and I are interested"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":412.65,"endTime":415.77,"body":"in. We do want things to be"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":415.77,"endTime":418.89,"body":"automatic. We do want kids to"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":415.77,"endTime":418.89,"body":"own things. But the other"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":418.89,"endTime":424.56,"body":"version of \"memorize\" means an"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":418.89,"endTime":424.56,"body":"action of things to do to put it"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":424.56,"endTime":427.29,"body":"in your memory. And those are"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":424.56,"endTime":427.29,"body":"the things that we're not"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":427.5,"endTime":430.2,"body":"interested in rote memory. We're"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":427.5,"endTime":430.2,"body":"not interested in the rote"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":430.2,"endTime":433.29,"body":"memory, like the action of,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":430.2,"endTime":433.29,"body":"\"This is what we think you do"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":433.29,"endTime":435.63,"body":"over and over and over and over"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":433.29,"endTime":435.63,"body":"and over and over again to get"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":435.63,"endTime":436.65,"body":"it into your memory.\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":437.19,"endTime":439.62,"body":"Yeah, so what actions are"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":437.19,"endTime":439.62,"body":"we interested in? We're"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":439.62,"endTime":443.19,"body":"interested in actions that are"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":439.62,"endTime":443.19,"body":"related to relationships. We"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":443.19,"endTime":447.72,"body":"want kids to deal with the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":443.19,"endTime":447.72,"body":"numbers a lot and get... Not"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":447.72,"endTime":449.58,"body":"just deal with the numbers, but"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":447.72,"endTime":449.58,"body":"deal with the kinds of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":449.58,"endTime":451.83,"body":"relationships that are"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":449.58,"endTime":451.83,"body":"important, so that they're"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":451.83,"endTime":455.13,"body":"thinking about doubles. They're"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":451.83,"endTime":455.13,"body":"thinking about close to 10."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":455.16,"endTime":459.27,"body":"They're thinking about using"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":455.16,"endTime":459.27,"body":"facts they know, and then being"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":459.27,"endTime":462.72,"body":"able to compensate from there."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":459.27,"endTime":462.72,"body":"Those relationships are the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":462.72,"endTime":465.87,"body":"super important things that we"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":462.72,"endTime":465.87,"body":"want to deal with a lot, so that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":465.87,"endTime":469.5,"body":"those neural connections get"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":465.87,"endTime":469.5,"body":"really strong. So, that in the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":469.5,"endTime":474.06,"body":"case that we ask a kid something"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":469.5,"endTime":474.06,"body":"like 13 minus 8. In that case"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":474.06,"endTime":477.96,"body":"when we ask them that, then if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":474.06,"endTime":477.96,"body":"it doesn't just pop for them, if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":477.96,"endTime":481.2,"body":"they don't intuitively just"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":477.96,"endTime":481.2,"body":"know, like say it, or have it"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":481.2,"endTime":485.37,"body":"right there. That they then"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":481.2,"endTime":485.37,"body":"intuitively have things ping for"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":485.37,"endTime":489.48,"body":"them that are those (unclear)"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":485.37,"endTime":489.48,"body":"relationships, that are additive"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":489.48,"endTime":492.48,"body":"relationships, so that they"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":489.48,"endTime":492.48,"body":"quickly refigure it in a way"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":492.48,"endTime":497.37,"body":"that isn't a big cognitive load."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":492.48,"endTime":497.37,"body":"And they're not stuck with, \"Oh,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":497.4,"endTime":500.97,"body":"I can't remember. I don't know."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":497.4,"endTime":500.97,"body":"Nothing.\" Or, \"I'll guess.\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":501.3,"endTime":505.92,"body":"Because their only recourse, if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":501.3,"endTime":505.92,"body":"it was rote memorized, if they"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":505.92,"endTime":508.71,"body":"can't remember the rap, the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":505.92,"endTime":508.71,"body":"rhyme, the pneumonic, the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":508.71,"endTime":511.14,"body":"whatever, then their only"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":508.71,"endTime":511.14,"body":"recourse is to guess or they"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":511.14,"endTime":512.1,"body":"don't know, right?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":512.37,"endTime":515.31,"body":"Yeah. I also think that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":512.37,"endTime":515.31,"body":"it's really important to note"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":515.31,"endTime":519.18,"body":"right at the beginning here that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":515.31,"endTime":519.18,"body":"we recognize that people get"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":519.18,"endTime":522.99,"body":"really hung up on facts. It's a"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":519.18,"endTime":522.99,"body":"huge topic of conversation. And"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":522.99,"endTime":525.72,"body":"a lot of times, that's because"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":522.99,"endTime":525.72,"body":"if you're only going to do the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":525.72,"endTime":529.92,"body":"algorithms, then you literally"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":525.72,"endTime":529.92,"body":"just work with the basic facts"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":529.92,"endTime":531.69,"body":"over and over and over and over"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":529.92,"endTime":531.69,"body":"and over again. And so, if"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":531.69,"endTime":535.23,"body":"that's your jam, if you are,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":531.69,"endTime":535.23,"body":"\"I'm full on leading towards an"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":535.23,"endTime":539.49,"body":"algorithm,\" then I understand"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":535.23,"endTime":539.49,"body":"why it would make sense that you"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":539.49,"endTime":543.27,"body":"would say, \"Just memorize these"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":539.49,"endTime":543.27,"body":"144 things. And we're just going"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":543.27,"endTime":546.48,"body":"to repeat them over and over and"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":543.27,"endTime":546.48,"body":"over and over again.\" Seems like"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":546.48,"endTime":549.27,"body":"it would be an easy job. You"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":546.48,"endTime":549.27,"body":"know, it's not. But that's not"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":549.27,"endTime":552.81,"body":"our goal, right? We are about"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":549.27,"endTime":552.81,"body":"place value, and magnitude, and"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":552.81,"endTime":556.53,"body":"thinking, and relationships. And"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":552.81,"endTime":556.53,"body":"so, since our goal is different,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":556.53,"endTime":561.33,"body":"it's not just to get answers, we"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":556.53,"endTime":561.33,"body":"are less inclined to work with"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":561.33,"endTime":565.47,"body":"facts in the ways that other"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":561.33,"endTime":565.47,"body":"people do. But we are interested"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":565.47,"endTime":570.72,"body":"in making sense of the facts as"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":565.47,"endTime":570.72,"body":"ways to work with strategies and"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":570.72,"endTime":574.38,"body":"thinking with less sophisticated"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":570.72,"endTime":574.38,"body":"numbers, so that those"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":574.38,"endTime":577.86,"body":"strategies and thinking can"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":574.38,"endTime":577.86,"body":"happen with all size of numbers."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":577.86,"endTime":581.76,"body":"That's our outcome. The ways"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":577.86,"endTime":581.76,"body":"that we work with the facts,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":582.03,"endTime":585.69,"body":"then lend themselves towards the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":582.03,"endTime":585.69,"body":"work we do as the numbers get"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":585.69,"endTime":586.08,"body":"bigger."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":586.53,"endTime":588.75,"body":"Yeah, and maybe it will be"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":586.53,"endTime":588.75,"body":"helpful to illustrate that. But"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":588.75,"endTime":593.82,"body":"I've just been using the fact 13"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":588.75,"endTime":593.82,"body":"minus 8. So, a way of addressing"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":593.82,"endTime":597.96,"body":"subtraction facts is, \"Okay"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":593.82,"endTime":597.96,"body":"there's these 144 separate"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":597.96,"endTime":601.02,"body":"subtraction. If I look at the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":597.96,"endTime":601.02,"body":"deck of cards, I'm going to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":601.02,"endTime":604.92,"body":"drill kids on these. There's"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":601.02,"endTime":604.92,"body":"144.\" 12 by 12. I don't know. I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":604.92,"endTime":607.32,"body":"don't know how many subtraction"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":604.92,"endTime":607.32,"body":"facts there are. 87. \"However"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":607.77,"endTime":609.57,"body":"many there are, I'm going to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":607.77,"endTime":609.57,"body":"drill kids on those. And they're"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":609.57,"endTime":613.98,"body":"going to have these separate,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":609.57,"endTime":613.98,"body":"disconnected flashcards rote"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":613.98,"endTime":618.33,"body":"memorized. And however, we"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":613.98,"endTime":618.33,"body":"accomplish that.\" But if what"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":618.33,"endTime":620.76,"body":"we're about is what you just"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":618.33,"endTime":620.76,"body":"said, what it's really about"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":620.79,"endTime":624.33,"body":"mathematical relationships, and"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":620.79,"endTime":624.33,"body":"connections, and patterns, and"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":624.57,"endTime":628.32,"body":"properties, that if we develop"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":624.57,"endTime":628.32,"body":"those with these less"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":628.32,"endTime":632.79,"body":"sophisticated numbers can extend"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":628.32,"endTime":632.79,"body":"to more sophisticated numbers."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":632.79,"endTime":636.96,"body":"An example of that would be, if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":632.79,"endTime":636.96,"body":"a kid's thinking about 13 minus"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":636.99,"endTime":643.08,"body":"8 as the difference between 8"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":636.99,"endTime":643.08,"body":"and 13. That's 5. Like, I can go"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":643.11,"endTime":647.61,"body":"from the 8 to the 10 is 2, and"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":643.11,"endTime":647.61,"body":"from the 10 to the 13 is 3, so"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":647.61,"endTime":650.73,"body":"that's a total of a distance of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":647.61,"endTime":650.73,"body":"5. If they're thinking about"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":650.73,"endTime":654.15,"body":"like that, then they can also"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":650.73,"endTime":654.15,"body":"think about a problem like 130"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":654.15,"endTime":658.11,"body":"minus 80. In a similar fashion,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":654.15,"endTime":658.11,"body":"they go, \"Well, I can do the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":658.11,"endTime":660.57,"body":"same thing. I can find the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":658.11,"endTime":660.57,"body":"distance between 80 and 130.\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":660.6,"endTime":666.24,"body":"They can think about something"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":660.6,"endTime":666.24,"body":"like 1,300 and 800. 1,300 minus"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":666.24,"endTime":670.86,"body":"800. Because those problems"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":666.24,"endTime":670.86,"body":"become drastically different"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":670.86,"endTime":674.43,"body":"problems if I'm lining them up"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":670.86,"endTime":674.43,"body":"in algorithms, right?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":674.46,"endTime":674.73,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":675.69,"endTime":677.73,"body":"In fact, maybe I'll just."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":675.69,"endTime":677.73,"body":"Because I don't know that we"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":677.73,"endTime":680.73,"body":"were going to mention that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":677.73,"endTime":680.73,"body":"today. But if I line up 13 minus"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":680.73,"endTime":684.36,"body":"8, and do the algorithm. How"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":680.73,"endTime":684.36,"body":"many times, teachers? This is"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":684.36,"endTime":689.52,"body":"when you know the algorithm is"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":684.36,"endTime":689.52,"body":"failing your kids. When they"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":689.52,"endTime":692.49,"body":"look at a problem like 13 minus"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":689.52,"endTime":692.49,"body":"8, and they line it up on. And"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":692.49,"endTime":695.85,"body":"so, now I have the 1, 3. I have"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":692.49,"endTime":695.85,"body":"the 8 below the 3. And the kids"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":695.85,"endTime":698.16,"body":"say, \"Okay, what am I going to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":695.85,"endTime":698.16,"body":"do first? I got to do 3 minus 8."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":698.22,"endTime":701.19,"body":"Nope, can't do that. So, I got"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":698.22,"endTime":701.19,"body":"to borrow. Let's see. I'm going"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":701.19,"endTime":705.42,"body":"to bring a 10 over here. So,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":701.19,"endTime":705.42,"body":"then that 10 over there. That 1"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":705.42,"endTime":709.35,"body":"becomes a 0. And now, what do I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":705.42,"endTime":709.35,"body":"end up with? I end up with 13"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":709.35,"endTime":709.86,"body":"minus 8.\""},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":712.14,"endTime":712.71,"body":"All the time."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":713.19,"endTime":715.95,"body":"That's a moment where you"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":713.19,"endTime":715.95,"body":"know they're not thinking about"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":715.95,"endTime":719.61,"body":"13 minus 8 at all. They're"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":715.95,"endTime":719.61,"body":"performing a bunch of steps. And"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":719.61,"endTime":721.71,"body":"then, who knows what they do"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":719.61,"endTime":721.71,"body":"when they get to that 13 minus"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":721.71,"endTime":726.24,"body":"8. Maybe count it by ones."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":721.71,"endTime":726.24,"body":"Again, that's less sophisticated"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":726.24,"endTime":728.64,"body":"reasoning if they're counting by"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":726.24,"endTime":728.64,"body":"ones than what we want to have"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":728.64,"endTime":731.01,"body":"happening, which is additive"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":728.64,"endTime":731.01,"body":"reasoning, thinking in terms of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":731.01,"endTime":734.79,"body":"bigger chunks than one at a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":731.01,"endTime":734.79,"body":"time. Let me just carry that."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":734.79,"endTime":737.76,"body":"So, if I'm thinking about 13"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":734.79,"endTime":737.76,"body":"minus 8 by actually thinking"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":737.76,"endTime":740.76,"body":"about the difference between 13"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":737.76,"endTime":740.76,"body":"and 8, then if I'm thinking"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":740.76,"endTime":745.92,"body":"about 130 minus 80, that becomes"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":740.76,"endTime":745.92,"body":"a completely different problem."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":746.22,"endTime":750.12,"body":"Where now I've got 0 minus 0,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":746.22,"endTime":750.12,"body":"and 3 minus 8. I mean, parts of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":750.12,"endTime":754.41,"body":"it are similar and the same. But"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":750.12,"endTime":754.41,"body":"it's not... I'm not feeling the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":754.41,"endTime":758.28,"body":"same relationships. I'm not"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":754.41,"endTime":758.28,"body":"letting intuition help me reason"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":758.28,"endTime":766.29,"body":"about those similar numbers."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":758.28,"endTime":766.29,"body":"Yeah? So, also. I get why, like"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":766.29,"endTime":769.89,"body":"you just said, if you are"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":766.29,"endTime":769.89,"body":"algorithm... I don't want to say"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":769.89,"endTime":771.99,"body":"algorithm oriented. That's not"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":769.89,"endTime":771.99,"body":"quite. That's what I was going"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":771.99,"endTime":775.86,"body":"to say. But if that's your goal."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":771.99,"endTime":775.86,"body":"Focused, yeah. If your goal has"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":775.86,"endTime":778.47,"body":"been... And we don't blame you"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":775.86,"endTime":778.47,"body":"because you grew up in an"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":778.47,"endTime":781.41,"body":"algorithm focus probably. That's"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":778.47,"endTime":781.41,"body":"the way you were taught. But if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":781.41,"endTime":784.71,"body":"that's the way you've been"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":781.41,"endTime":784.71,"body":"teaching any of the four"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":784.71,"endTime":788.4,"body":"operations, then yeah it makes"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":784.71,"endTime":788.4,"body":"sense that you know when"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":788.4,"endTime":791.43,"body":"students get to big numbers,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":788.4,"endTime":791.43,"body":"that they're going to have to do"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":791.43,"endTime":794.7,"body":"these little numbers over and"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":791.43,"endTime":794.7,"body":"over and over, so they might as"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":794.7,"endTime":798.51,"body":"well just memorize those little"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":794.7,"endTime":798.51,"body":"number combinations because"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":798.51,"endTime":800.61,"body":"you're going to use them over"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":798.51,"endTime":800.61,"body":"and over in these, you know,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":800.94,"endTime":804.36,"body":"multistep algorithms. That"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":800.94,"endTime":804.36,"body":"totally makes sense. But if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":804.36,"endTime":806.82,"body":"you're trying to build"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":804.36,"endTime":806.82,"body":"relationships. Well, let me stay"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":806.82,"endTime":809.34,"body":"there. So, it makes sense why"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":806.82,"endTime":809.34,"body":"you would want kids to do that."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":809.58,"endTime":813.3,"body":"Which, then, also makes sense"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":809.58,"endTime":813.3,"body":"why you might want those quick."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":813.75,"endTime":817.5,"body":"And you don't want kids in the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":813.75,"endTime":817.5,"body":"midst of a long subtraction"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":817.5,"endTime":821.28,"body":"problem to be counting on their"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":817.5,"endTime":821.28,"body":"fingers, or to be grabbing"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":821.34,"endTime":824.55,"body":"manipulatives and removing the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":821.34,"endTime":824.55,"body":"manipulatives and counting"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":824.55,"endTime":828.6,"body":"what's leftover. You might be"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":824.55,"endTime":828.6,"body":"saying to yourself, \"I need you"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":828.6,"endTime":833.4,"body":"to just own all these individual"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":828.6,"endTime":833.4,"body":"little subtraction facts in the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":833.4,"endTime":836.37,"body":"midst of this big subtraction"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":833.4,"endTime":836.37,"body":"problem, so that you can just do"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":836.37,"endTime":840.3,"body":"them, and you don't have to do"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":836.37,"endTime":840.3,"body":"this stuff that takes time in"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":840.3,"endTime":843.63,"body":"the middle of this.\" And so,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":840.3,"endTime":843.63,"body":"that might lead you to say,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":843.69,"endTime":848.85,"body":"\"Ooh, I think a way to stop you"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":843.69,"endTime":848.85,"body":"from refiguring these facts all"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":848.85,"endTime":853.02,"body":"the time. Let's put a time limit"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":848.85,"endTime":853.02,"body":"on it.\" In fact, I just read a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":853.02,"endTime":857.85,"body":"post the other day by Michael"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":853.02,"endTime":857.85,"body":"Pershan, who is a thoughtful"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":857.85,"endTime":860.25,"body":"guy, who puts out a lot of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":857.85,"endTime":860.25,"body":"stuff. Some of which we agree"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":860.25,"endTime":865.05,"body":"with. Some of which we don't."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":860.25,"endTime":865.05,"body":"But his bit was, \"Let's give"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":865.05,"endTime":869.91,"body":"timed drills because we want to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":865.05,"endTime":869.91,"body":"not allow kids the time to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":869.91,"endTime":873.03,"body":"refigure, because we don't want"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":869.91,"endTime":873.03,"body":"to leave them there. We don't"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":873.03,"endTime":876.15,"body":"want to have kids doing all this"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":873.03,"endTime":876.15,"body":"refiguring all the time. We want"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":876.15,"endTime":878.61,"body":"to give them a time limit, so"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":876.15,"endTime":878.61,"body":"they're forced to memorize"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":878.61,"endTime":882.75,"body":"them.\" I think... Michael, you"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":878.61,"endTime":882.75,"body":"can tell me if I'm not"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":883.44,"endTime":888.33,"body":"representing your position"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":883.44,"endTime":888.33,"body":"accurately. So, I get why that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":888.33,"endTime":892.59,"body":"would be a thing, if your goal"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":888.33,"endTime":892.59,"body":"is a bunch of disconnected set"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":892.59,"endTime":897.06,"body":"of facts that I can just pop out"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":892.59,"endTime":897.06,"body":"if I'm going to use them over"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":897.06,"endTime":899.7,"body":"and over, and so I want them to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":897.06,"endTime":899.7,"body":"pop out. But that's not our"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":899.7,"endTime":900.12,"body":"goal."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":900.93,"endTime":901.11,"body":"Right."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":901.38,"endTime":903.42,"body":"If the goal is just that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":901.38,"endTime":903.42,"body":"collection of rote memorize"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":903.42,"endTime":908.31,"body":"facts, fine. But not our goal."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":903.42,"endTime":908.31,"body":"So, maybe we can agree that if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":908.34,"endTime":914.04,"body":"our goal is to actually own the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":908.34,"endTime":914.04,"body":"relationships, then I want to do"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":914.04,"endTime":917.01,"body":"a lot with those relationships"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":914.04,"endTime":917.01,"body":"because the more... If we give"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":917.01,"endTime":919.2,"body":"kids lots of experience with"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":917.01,"endTime":919.2,"body":"those relationships, and the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":919.2,"endTime":924.0,"body":"properties, and the different"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":919.2,"endTime":924.0,"body":"strategies that we can use to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":924.09,"endTime":927.99,"body":"figure out the facts, then kids"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":924.09,"endTime":927.99,"body":"will naturally... They will"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":927.99,"endTime":931.59,"body":"naturally gravitate towards"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":927.99,"endTime":931.59,"body":"owning those facts. But they"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":931.59,"endTime":934.62,"body":"will have so much more as well."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":935.31,"endTime":935.4,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":935.4,"endTime":935.94,"body":"I wonder..."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":935.94,"endTime":937.14,"body":"(unclear) I'm going to dive"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":935.94,"endTime":937.14,"body":"in real quick."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":937.2,"endTime":937.71,"body":"Okay, go, go, go."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":937.71,"endTime":939.93,"body":"Because I think that there"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":937.71,"endTime":939.93,"body":"are lots of people in the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":939.93,"endTime":945.81,"body":"memorization, rote memorization"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":939.93,"endTime":945.81,"body":"camp, who think that people like"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":945.81,"endTime":951.39,"body":"you and I mean, \"You shouldn't"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":945.81,"endTime":951.39,"body":"do mad minutes. You shouldn't do"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":951.39,"endTime":953.07,"body":"time drills. You shouldn't do"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":951.39,"endTime":953.07,"body":"whatever.\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":953.1,"endTime":953.37,"body":"Flash cards."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":953.37,"endTime":956.58,"body":"\"You just gotta let kids"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":953.37,"endTime":956.58,"body":"think.\" So, then there's no work"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":956.61,"endTime":960.84,"body":"to be done. And that is"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":956.61,"endTime":960.84,"body":"absolutely not true. We are not"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":960.84,"endTime":964.74,"body":"like, \"Let kids do whatever they"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":960.84,"endTime":964.74,"body":"want.\" Like, \"Get (unclear) 10,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":964.74,"endTime":967.83,"body":"5. You know, 5 minutes to think"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":964.74,"endTime":967.83,"body":"about it is fine.\" Like, we're"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":967.83,"endTime":972.66,"body":"saying, \"No we're actively doing"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":967.83,"endTime":972.66,"body":"a lot of work to own them. It's"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":972.66,"endTime":978.39,"body":"just not the rote memorization"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":972.66,"endTime":978.39,"body":"work.\" And I think that's really"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":978.39,"endTime":981.99,"body":"important for us to say often"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":978.39,"endTime":981.99,"body":"because it's not rote"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":981.99,"endTime":987.93,"body":"memorization or nothing. And I"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":981.99,"endTime":987.93,"body":"think that we have experienced"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":987.93,"endTime":991.59,"body":"teachers who say, \"I hear you. I"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":987.93,"endTime":991.59,"body":"buy it. I see that it's not"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":991.59,"endTime":994.92,"body":"helping my kids. They stress"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":991.59,"endTime":994.92,"body":"about the time thing. It's not"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":994.92,"endTime":997.29,"body":"improving them when I do it day"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":994.92,"endTime":997.29,"body":"after day after day with no"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":997.29,"endTime":1000.92,"body":"work.\" Of course, it's not going"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":997.29,"endTime":1000.92,"body":"to help them. So, they're like,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1001.13,"endTime":1003.5,"body":"\"Okay, I'm Team 'I'm not going"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1001.13,"endTime":1003.5,"body":"to do that stuff'.\" And then,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1003.5,"endTime":1005.99,"body":"they just do nothing. And the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1003.5,"endTime":1005.99,"body":"next year teacher's like,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1005.99,"endTime":1006.92,"body":"\"Umm, your kids got nothing.\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1007.31,"endTime":1010.31,"body":"Or they come to us and say,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1007.31,"endTime":1010.31,"body":"\"So, what do I do?\""},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1010.34,"endTime":1010.64,"body":"Yes."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1010.67,"endTime":1013.94,"body":"Right? Like, let's give"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1010.67,"endTime":1013.94,"body":"them that. Like, there are tons"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1013.94,"endTime":1016.91,"body":"and tons of teachers that are"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1013.94,"endTime":1016.91,"body":"like, \"Okay, I'm buying in. I'm"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1016.91,"endTime":1019.88,"body":"on Team 'let's figure these"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1016.91,"endTime":1019.88,"body":"out'. But now, I don't know what"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1019.88,"endTime":1023.42,"body":"to do because I have this"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1019.88,"endTime":1023.42,"body":"arsenal of stuff to do to help"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1023.42,"endTime":1028.01,"body":"them rote memorize. What is the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1023.42,"endTime":1028.01,"body":"arsenal now?\" Because it does"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1028.01,"endTime":1031.4,"body":"take work. It takes work for"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1028.01,"endTime":1031.4,"body":"kids to own them. We're just"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1031.4,"endTime":1034.88,"body":"suggesting that, that work is"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1031.4,"endTime":1034.88,"body":"not time based and it's not"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1034.88,"endTime":1040.55,"body":"disconnected drill based. So,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1034.88,"endTime":1040.55,"body":"Kim, what is the work? And, Kim,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1040.64,"endTime":1042.98,"body":"I don't want to forget. I guess"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1040.64,"endTime":1042.98,"body":"I could write this down"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1042.98,"endTime":1044.84,"body":"somewhere. I don't want to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1042.98,"endTime":1044.84,"body":"forget that maybe we want to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1044.84,"endTime":1048.74,"body":"bring up the Trinity first grade"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1044.84,"endTime":1048.74,"body":"thing. What happens when we do"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1048.77,"endTime":1051.47,"body":"all... You know, we're about to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1048.77,"endTime":1051.47,"body":"talk about the arsenal of things"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1051.47,"endTime":1054.8,"body":"to do. What happens when kids"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1051.47,"endTime":1054.8,"body":"just kind of don't? Do you know"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1054.8,"endTime":1055.13,"body":"what I mean?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1055.76,"endTime":1057.32,"body":"No, but you could tell me"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1055.76,"endTime":1057.32,"body":"again when it's time to talk"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1057.32,"endTime":1057.5,"body":"about it."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1057.5,"endTime":1057.74,"body":"Okay, I've"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1057.74,"endTime":1058.64,"body":"written it down. I won't forget."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1058.67,"endTime":1059.51,"body":"Okay, sounds good."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1059.51,"endTime":1062.21,"body":"She's like, \"Pam, I can't"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1059.51,"endTime":1062.21,"body":"read your mind.\" Alright, so,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1062.21,"endTime":1065.75,"body":"Kim, what is some of the work"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1062.21,"endTime":1065.75,"body":"that we can do to help kids? Go."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1066.23,"endTime":1069.5,"body":"Yeah. So, we recognize that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1066.23,"endTime":1069.5,"body":"there are some major"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1069.5,"endTime":1073.55,"body":"relationships for single digit"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1069.5,"endTime":1073.55,"body":"facts, right? We have talked"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1073.55,"endTime":1076.43,"body":"about those. We're going to"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1073.55,"endTime":1076.43,"body":"bring them up again here. So, if"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1076.43,"endTime":1080.78,"body":"you didn't listen to episode"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1076.43,"endTime":1080.78,"body":"149, which is the last episode,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1080.87,"endTime":1083.03,"body":"you'll definitely want to listen"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1080.87,"endTime":1083.03,"body":"to that again because we talked"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1083.03,"endTime":1087.41,"body":"at length about distance or"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1083.03,"endTime":1087.41,"body":"difference versus removal as the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1087.41,"endTime":1090.53,"body":"two interpretations of"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1087.41,"endTime":1090.53,"body":"subtraction. So, that work is"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1090.77,"endTime":1095.03,"body":"super important, having kids"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1090.77,"endTime":1095.03,"body":"experience both of those. But"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1095.03,"endTime":1099.35,"body":"there are a couple of major"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1095.03,"endTime":1099.35,"body":"relationships with basic facts."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1099.38,"endTime":1101.0,"body":"And so, let's talk about"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1101.03,"endTime":1101.63,"body":"a couple of those."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1101.63,"endTime":1105.05,"body":"And specifically this"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1101.63,"endTime":1105.05,"body":"episode with subtraction basic"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1105.05,"endTime":1105.68,"body":"facts. Right?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1105.71,"endTime":1106.22,"body":"Yes."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1106.25,"endTime":1107.03,"body":"Yeah. Okay."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1107.42,"endTime":1111.14,"body":"So, if there was a problem"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1107.42,"endTime":1111.14,"body":"15 minus 8, it's..."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1112.1,"endTime":1112.64,"body":"Often missed"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1112.64,"endTime":1114.17,"body":"...probably missed. Yeah,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1112.64,"endTime":1114.17,"body":"it's a problem."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1114.59,"endTime":1114.8,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1114.83,"endTime":1120.47,"body":"So, a major relationship is"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1114.83,"endTime":1120.47,"body":"this idea of remove to 10. So,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1120.47,"endTime":1124.07,"body":"if I'm thinking about 15 minus"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1120.47,"endTime":1124.07,"body":"8, and I'm thinking about"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1124.07,"endTime":1130.01,"body":"removing to 10, then I might"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1124.07,"endTime":1130.01,"body":"think about 15 minus 5, which"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1130.01,"endTime":1133.49,"body":"gets me to the 10. But then,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1130.01,"endTime":1133.49,"body":"since I've removed 5, I still"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1133.49,"endTime":1137.6,"body":"have to remove 3 more to make"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1133.49,"endTime":1137.6,"body":"the 8. So, then 10 minus that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1137.6,"endTime":1141.89,"body":"last 3 would be 7. So, 15 minus"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1137.6,"endTime":1141.89,"body":"8 would be 7. That's a student"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1141.89,"endTime":1145.43,"body":"who's thinking about removing to"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1141.89,"endTime":1145.43,"body":"10. And it's super cool because"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1145.43,"endTime":1148.94,"body":"we can anchor everything on that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1145.43,"endTime":1148.94,"body":"10. Which is the basis of teen"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1148.94,"endTime":1151.22,"body":"numbers, right? If you've done"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1148.94,"endTime":1151.22,"body":"any work with young grade"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1151.22,"endTime":1154.7,"body":"students, you know that teen"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1151.22,"endTime":1154.7,"body":"numbers are an important place"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1154.7,"endTime":1158.39,"body":"to hang for a while because"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1154.7,"endTime":1158.39,"body":"every teen number is 10 and"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1158.39,"endTime":1162.77,"body":"some. 10 and some more. So, if"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1158.39,"endTime":1162.77,"body":"we can think subtraction, go"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1162.77,"endTime":1167.93,"body":"back to that 10, that's an"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1162.77,"endTime":1167.93,"body":"important and helpful strategy."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1168.32,"endTime":1173.9,"body":"So, another strategy is thinking"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1168.32,"endTime":1173.9,"body":"about doubles. We are huge fans"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1173.93,"endTime":1177.98,"body":"of Doubling and Halving numbers"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1173.93,"endTime":1177.98,"body":"at a very young age. We want"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1177.98,"endTime":1182.57,"body":"there to be a lot of work with"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1177.98,"endTime":1182.57,"body":"Doubling basic facts when you're"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1182.57,"endTime":1185.15,"body":"thinking about addition. And"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1182.57,"endTime":1185.15,"body":"then, that comes in really handy"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1185.15,"endTime":1187.82,"body":"when you're thinking about"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1185.15,"endTime":1187.82,"body":"subtraction. A kid who is"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1187.82,"endTime":1195.65,"body":"thinking about 15 minus 8 might"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1187.82,"endTime":1195.65,"body":"say, \"I know 8 plus 8 is 16, but"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1195.65,"endTime":1199.49,"body":"that's too much. I need to just"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1195.65,"endTime":1199.49,"body":"be back 1 to get to 15. So, then"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1199.49,"endTime":1203.33,"body":"I have to adjust one of those"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1199.49,"endTime":1203.33,"body":"add-ins and call it 8 plus 7."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1203.84,"endTime":1209.69,"body":"So, 8 and 7 is 15. So, 15 minus"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1203.84,"endTime":1209.69,"body":"8 would be 7."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1209.96,"endTime":1212.69,"body":"Nice. Nice. (unclear)"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1212.69,"endTime":1213.71,"body":"(unclear) using doubles."},{"speaker":"Both Pam and Kim","startTime":1213.74,"endTime":1214.4,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1214.43,"endTime":1216.74,"body":"I was going to just do"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1214.43,"endTime":1216.74,"body":"that. Yep. Removing ten,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1216.86,"endTime":1217.25,"body":"doubles."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1217.25,"endTime":1217.49,"body":"Sorry, sorry."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1217.49,"endTime":1219.17,"body":"Okay, what's the? Nah, I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1217.49,"endTime":1219.17,"body":"just want to make sure we kind"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1219.17,"endTime":1221.78,"body":"of helping listeners sort of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1219.17,"endTime":1221.78,"body":"focus or? Yeah."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1221.81,"endTime":1221.99,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1221.99,"endTime":1223.37,"body":"Those two. Is that it?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1223.67,"endTime":1227.48,"body":"So, finding the difference."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1223.67,"endTime":1227.48,"body":"If we're thinking about not just"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1227.48,"endTime":1230.66,"body":"talking about removing. So, the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1227.48,"endTime":1230.66,"body":"first one, remove to 10 is a"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1230.66,"endTime":1233.84,"body":"removal version of subtraction."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1230.66,"endTime":1233.84,"body":"If you're thinking about finding"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1233.84,"endTime":1237.86,"body":"the difference, a kid might say,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1233.84,"endTime":1237.86,"body":"\"Ah, I'm thinking about how far"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1237.86,"endTime":1242.96,"body":"is it from 8 to 15. Let me think"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1237.86,"endTime":1242.96,"body":"about that gap between them.\""},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1242.96,"endTime":1247.7,"body":"So, somebody might say, \"Mmm, I"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1242.96,"endTime":1247.7,"body":"know 8 and 2 is 10. And then,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1247.73,"endTime":1253.67,"body":"from 10 to 15 is 5. And so, that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1247.73,"endTime":1253.67,"body":"2 and that 5 was the gap, so"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1253.67,"endTime":1254.57,"body":"that's 7.\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1255.53,"endTime":1256.01,"body":"Nice."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1256.4,"endTime":1260.75,"body":"And then, one of my"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1256.4,"endTime":1260.75,"body":"favorites is Remove a Friendly"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1260.75,"endTime":1263.51,"body":"Number, Over. And this is super"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1260.75,"endTime":1263.51,"body":"helpful when you're thinking"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1263.51,"endTime":1268.61,"body":"about 7's, and 8's, and 9's. So,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1263.51,"endTime":1268.61,"body":"if you are Removing a Friendly"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1268.61,"endTime":1272.69,"body":"Number, Over with 15 minus 8,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1268.61,"endTime":1272.69,"body":"you might say, \"Mmm, I don't"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1272.69,"endTime":1276.56,"body":"want to subtract 8. I'm at 15. I"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1272.69,"endTime":1276.56,"body":"want to remove 10 because that's"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1276.56,"endTime":1281.57,"body":"easy. And so, then I'm at 5. But"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1276.56,"endTime":1281.57,"body":"I've removed too much.\" And I"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1281.57,"endTime":1284.96,"body":"would say, \"How much too much?\""},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1281.57,"endTime":1284.96,"body":"\"I've removed 2 too much because"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1284.96,"endTime":1289.01,"body":"I did 10 instead of 8, so then I"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1284.96,"endTime":1289.01,"body":"had to tack that 2 back on. So,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1289.01,"endTime":1293.3,"body":"I was at 5, tack the 2 back on,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1289.01,"endTime":1293.3,"body":"and that would put me at 7.\""},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1294.14,"endTime":1294.71,"body":"Brilliant. Nice."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1294.71,"endTime":1298.25,"body":"So, 4 major relationships"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1294.71,"endTime":1298.25,"body":"that are super important."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1298.91,"endTime":1301.46,"body":"That we want to help build"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1298.91,"endTime":1301.46,"body":"with students. We want to help"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1301.46,"endTime":1305.63,"body":"them develop those"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1301.46,"endTime":1305.63,"body":"relationships, so they own those"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1305.63,"endTime":1307.67,"body":"relationships. It's not about"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1305.63,"endTime":1307.67,"body":"rote memorizing those"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1307.67,"endTime":1309.14,"body":"relationships either, right?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1309.17,"endTime":1309.35,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1309.35,"endTime":1311.81,"body":"It's not about saying,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1309.35,"endTime":1311.81,"body":"\"Okay, kids. Today, you're going"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1311.81,"endTime":1315.11,"body":"to rote memorize the steps for"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1311.81,"endTime":1315.11,"body":"removing to 10.\" It's not about"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1315.11,"endTime":1319.76,"body":"that. It's about giving them"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1315.11,"endTime":1319.76,"body":"experiences where we...and often"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1319.76,"endTime":1321.95,"body":"it's Problem Strings...where we"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1319.76,"endTime":1321.95,"body":"give them strings of problems,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1321.95,"endTime":1324.92,"body":"where we do these relationships,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1321.95,"endTime":1324.92,"body":"and we put them in front of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1324.92,"endTime":1327.23,"body":"kids, and we let them see the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1324.92,"endTime":1327.23,"body":"patterns, and we talk about the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1327.23,"endTime":1331.31,"body":"patterns, and with that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1327.23,"endTime":1331.31,"body":"verbalizing them, the patterns"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1331.31,"endTime":1335.27,"body":"get stronger, and kids own them,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1331.31,"endTime":1335.27,"body":"and now they have intuition"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1335.63,"endTime":1339.77,"body":"about how they want to attack a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1335.63,"endTime":1339.77,"body":"problem if... Well, let me say."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1339.8,"endTime":1342.8,"body":"Yeah. They attack problems a"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1339.8,"endTime":1342.8,"body":"lot, and they use these"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1342.8,"endTime":1346.01,"body":"strategies over and over and"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1342.8,"endTime":1346.01,"body":"over and over and over so often"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1346.4,"endTime":1352.46,"body":"that they own a lot of the the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1346.4,"endTime":1352.46,"body":"smaller subtraction facts. And"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1352.46,"endTime":1355.61,"body":"then, the ones they don't own,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1352.46,"endTime":1355.61,"body":"the few that they don't own,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1355.79,"endTime":1358.58,"body":"they quickly use one of these"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1355.79,"endTime":1358.58,"body":"sophisticated strategies. They"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1358.58,"endTime":1361.82,"body":"can often with a low cognitive"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1358.58,"endTime":1361.82,"body":"load, because the strategies"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1361.82,"endTime":1364.64,"body":"are... They own the strategy."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1361.82,"endTime":1364.64,"body":"They own the relationship. So,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1364.64,"endTime":1368.12,"body":"it's a low cognitive load to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1364.64,"endTime":1368.12,"body":"just quickly do one of these"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1368.12,"endTime":1371.12,"body":"because they've done it. They"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1368.12,"endTime":1371.12,"body":"own them. Just for those few"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1371.12,"endTime":1374.33,"body":"that they don't maybe have at"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1371.12,"endTime":1374.33,"body":"their fingertips yet. And the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1374.33,"endTime":1377.21,"body":"more that they do that, then"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1374.33,"endTime":1377.21,"body":"they might have all of them at"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1377.21,"endTime":1378.2,"body":"their fingertips by the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1377.21,"endTime":1378.2,"body":"(unclear)."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1379.1,"endTime":1379.4,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1379.43,"endTime":1381.92,"body":"But again, if they don't,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1379.43,"endTime":1381.92,"body":"then they have a recourse. So,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1381.95,"endTime":1384.5,"body":"Kim, if you don't mind. Quickly,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1381.95,"endTime":1384.5,"body":"I'm just going to give you one"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1384.71,"endTime":1386.9,"body":"other problem, and let's just"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1384.71,"endTime":1386.9,"body":"run through those four"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1386.9,"endTime":1387.77,"body":"strategies one more time."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1387.77,"endTime":1387.95,"body":"Okay, cool."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1387.95,"endTime":1394.04,"body":"So, if I gave you 17 minus"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1387.95,"endTime":1394.04,"body":"9. Do the remove to 10 for me."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1394.49,"endTime":1397.28,"body":"Okay. So, 17 minus 9, and"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1394.49,"endTime":1397.28,"body":"we're removing to 10. So, I'm"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1397.28,"endTime":1401.54,"body":"removing 7 first to get to 10,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1397.28,"endTime":1401.54,"body":"and then I still have 2 more to"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1401.54,"endTime":1404.84,"body":"remove, so that would be 8."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1405.44,"endTime":1405.68,"body":"Cool."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1405.68,"endTime":1406.85,"body":"So, I removed 7, removed 2."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1407.21,"endTime":1409.7,"body":"Yep. So, you removed to 10."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1407.21,"endTime":1409.7,"body":"Nice. Alright, let's do the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1409.7,"endTime":1411.47,"body":"doubles. How would doubles work"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1409.7,"endTime":1411.47,"body":"with that?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1412.07,"endTime":1418.04,"body":"Okay, so I might say, \"I"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1412.07,"endTime":1418.04,"body":"know 9 plus 9 is 18, but I only"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1418.04,"endTime":1420.83,"body":"need 17, so then it's going to"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1418.04,"endTime":1420.83,"body":"be 9 plus 8.\" (unclear)."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1421.13,"endTime":1423.38,"body":"Cool. And that's similar to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1421.13,"endTime":1423.38,"body":"the way that you just did. Oh,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1423.38,"endTime":1424.88,"body":"yeah. Sorry, I didn't mean"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1423.38,"endTime":1424.88,"body":"interrupt. I got excited."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1424.88,"endTime":1425.09,"body":"That's okay."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1426.26,"endTime":1428.12,"body":"That's similar to the way"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1426.26,"endTime":1428.12,"body":"you did the 15 minus 8. If I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1428.12,"endTime":1430.7,"body":"could do maybe a different"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1428.12,"endTime":1430.7,"body":"version of the doubles."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1430.94,"endTime":1431.12,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1431.12,"endTime":1437.72,"body":"I might think to myself, \"I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1431.12,"endTime":1437.72,"body":"know 18 minus 9 is 9, but now"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1437.72,"endTime":1441.62,"body":"I'm doing 17 minus 9, so it's"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1437.72,"endTime":1441.62,"body":"only going to be 8.\" But I also"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1441.62,"endTime":1443.63,"body":"might think to myself, \"I"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1441.62,"endTime":1443.63,"body":"know...\""},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1444.77,"endTime":1445.76,"body":"8 and 8 is 16."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1445.76,"endTime":1447.29,"body":"\"...8 and 8 is 16.\""},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1447.35,"endTime":1447.53,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1447.53,"endTime":1448.64,"body":"Keep going. Yeah, keep"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1447.53,"endTime":1448.64,"body":"going."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1449.06,"endTime":1452.33,"body":"And then, but I needed to"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1449.06,"endTime":1452.33,"body":"get to 17, so then it's 8 and 9."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1452.78,"endTime":1455.03,"body":"Nice. And so, you kind of"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1452.78,"endTime":1455.03,"body":"think about that partner of 8"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1455.03,"endTime":1457.43,"body":"and 9. Since we're subtracting"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1455.03,"endTime":1457.43,"body":"9, then the answer has got to be"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1457.88,"endTime":1460.97,"body":"8. Cool. Okay, what about"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1457.88,"endTime":1460.97,"body":"finding the difference. If you"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1460.97,"endTime":1462.2,"body":"were finding the difference 17"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1460.97,"endTime":1462.2,"body":"minus 9."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1462.74,"endTime":1467.12,"body":"So, I'm thinking about the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1462.74,"endTime":1467.12,"body":"gap between 9 and 17. So, from 9"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1467.12,"endTime":1474.11,"body":"to 10 is 1, and then 10 to 17 to"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1467.12,"endTime":1474.11,"body":"7, so that 1 and that 7 is the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1474.11,"endTime":1474.53,"body":"8."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1475.13,"endTime":1478.22,"body":"Nice. And then, lastly, if"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1475.13,"endTime":1478.22,"body":"you wanted to Remove a Friendly"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1478.22,"endTime":1480.08,"body":"Number, Over. Your favorite."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1480.38,"endTime":1484.19,"body":"It is my favorite. So, 17"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1480.38,"endTime":1484.19,"body":"minus 10 would be 7. But I"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1484.19,"endTime":1488.93,"body":"removed too much by 1, so then I"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1484.19,"endTime":1488.93,"body":"put that 1 back on and make it"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1488.93,"endTime":1489.38,"body":"8."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1489.74,"endTime":1491.57,"body":"Brilliant, brilliant,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1489.74,"endTime":1491.57,"body":"brilliant, brilliant. Okay,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1491.57,"endTime":1491.87,"body":"cool."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1491.87,"endTime":1492.14,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1492.53,"endTime":1495.83,"body":"So, we have these major"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1492.53,"endTime":1495.83,"body":"relationships for single digit"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1495.83,"endTime":1498.74,"body":"subtraction facts that if we"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1495.83,"endTime":1498.74,"body":"work on those four, we work on"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1498.74,"endTime":1501.95,"body":"developing those four major"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1498.74,"endTime":1501.95,"body":"relationships, it can be super,"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1501.95,"endTime":1503.48,"body":"super helpful for students."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1503.48,"endTime":1503.99,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1504.17,"endTime":1508.79,"body":"And I think what's really even"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1504.17,"endTime":1508.79,"body":"more important to us is not just"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1508.79,"endTime":1512.75,"body":"that the kids have that work"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1508.79,"endTime":1512.75,"body":"with basic facts, and they have"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1512.75,"endTime":1514.7,"body":"something, so they don't just"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1512.75,"endTime":1514.7,"body":"say, \"Oh, I don't know that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1514.7,"endTime":1517.61,"body":"one.\" That's a huge bit, right?"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1514.7,"endTime":1517.61,"body":"That's really important. But"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1517.61,"endTime":1520.88,"body":"what I love more than anything"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1517.61,"endTime":1520.88,"body":"is that these strategies are"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1520.88,"endTime":1523.49,"body":"extending to higher numbers."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1520.88,"endTime":1523.49,"body":"It's not just like, \"Let's"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1523.76,"endTime":1527.81,"body":"figure out eight new strategies"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1523.76,"endTime":1527.81,"body":"for large numbers. That get to"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1527.84,"endTime":1531.95,"body":"10, that remove to 10 is the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1527.84,"endTime":1531.95,"body":"same work that kids will do when"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1531.95,"endTime":1535.7,"body":"they remove to 100 or remove to"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1531.95,"endTime":1535.7,"body":"1,000. (unclear)."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1535.7,"endTime":1537.32,"body":"Or remove to any friendly"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1535.7,"endTime":1537.32,"body":"number. (unclear)."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1537.35,"endTime":1537.62,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1538.4,"endTime":1538.58,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1538.58,"endTime":1539.12,"body":"Yep, it's that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1539.12,"endTime":1541.76,"body":"general Remove to a Friendly"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1539.12,"endTime":1541.76,"body":"Number strategy. Same with"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1541.76,"endTime":1546.44,"body":"Removing a Friendly Number,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1541.76,"endTime":1546.44,"body":"Over. That is one of the major"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1546.44,"endTime":1548.99,"body":"strategies that we use for"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1546.44,"endTime":1548.99,"body":"larger numbers. Finding the"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1548.99,"endTime":1552.74,"body":"difference, huge for kids in"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1548.99,"endTime":1552.74,"body":"older grades, all the way up"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1552.74,"endTime":1553.52,"body":"through high school."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1553.79,"endTime":1554.18,"body":"Absolutely."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1554.21,"endTime":1557.57,"body":"And using doubles. You"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1554.21,"endTime":1557.57,"body":"know, doubles show up a lot"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1557.57,"endTime":1560.03,"body":"more. Once you're aware of"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1557.57,"endTime":1560.03,"body":"doubles, I think you realize"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1560.03,"endTime":1563.03,"body":"that they show up a lot more"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1560.03,"endTime":1563.03,"body":"often than we realize."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1563.03,"endTime":1563.33,"body":"They're so"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1563.33,"endTime":1564.41,"body":"handy. Yeah, they're so handy."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1564.41,"endTime":1564.62,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1564.65,"endTime":1568.64,"body":"Nice. Yeah. So, all of the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1564.65,"endTime":1568.64,"body":"these. I'll just restate it."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1568.64,"endTime":1571.43,"body":"That these four relationships"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1568.64,"endTime":1571.43,"body":"that we just talked about, these"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1571.43,"endTime":1575.12,"body":"four strategies, extend to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1571.43,"endTime":1575.12,"body":"larger numbers, and that's our"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1575.12,"endTime":1578.45,"body":"biggest goal. We want to learn"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1575.12,"endTime":1578.45,"body":"them here with these less"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1578.45,"endTime":1581.12,"body":"sophisticated numbers, develop"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1578.45,"endTime":1581.12,"body":"them in students so that they"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1581.12,"endTime":1584.36,"body":"ping then with larger and"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1581.12,"endTime":1584.36,"body":"larger, and then when we go to"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1584.36,"endTime":1586.55,"body":"decimals smaller and smaller"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1584.36,"endTime":1586.55,"body":"numbers. Absolutely."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1586.58,"endTime":1586.82,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1586.82,"endTime":1587.51,"body":"Yeah, super."},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1587.54,"endTime":1590.18,"body":"So, we're going to wrap up"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1587.54,"endTime":1590.18,"body":"because I think we talked for a"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1590.18,"endTime":1593.45,"body":"while. But in our next episode,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1590.18,"endTime":1593.45,"body":"we're going to dive into what"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1593.45,"endTime":1597.68,"body":"you can do to build things,"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1593.45,"endTime":1597.68,"body":"tangible things that you can do"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1598.25,"endTime":1600.92,"body":"with individual kids and with"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1598.25,"endTime":1600.92,"body":"classroom activities. So, you're"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1600.92,"endTime":1603.41,"body":"not going to want to miss that"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1600.92,"endTime":1603.41,"body":"one. Join us in the next"},{"speaker":"Kim","startTime":1603.41,"endTime":1603.86,"body":"episode."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1603.89,"endTime":1606.5,"body":"Yeah, so in this episode we"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1603.89,"endTime":1606.5,"body":"really talked about what the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1606.5,"endTime":1608.69,"body":"relationships are, the"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1606.5,"endTime":1608.69,"body":"strategies are to build. Let's"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1608.69,"endTime":1611.36,"body":"actually do it in the next"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1608.69,"endTime":1611.36,"body":"episode. Ya'll, join us there."},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1611.36,"endTime":1614.96,"body":"It's going to be great. Thank"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1611.36,"endTime":1614.96,"body":"you for tuning in and teaching"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1614.96,"endTime":1618.08,"body":"more and more Real Math. To find"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1614.96,"endTime":1618.08,"body":"out more about the Math is"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1618.11,"endTime":1622.37,"body":"Figure-Out-Able movement, visit"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1618.11,"endTime":1622.37,"body":"mathisfigureoutable.com. Let's"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1622.37,"endTime":1624.92,"body":"keep spreading the word that"},{"speaker":"Pam","startTime":1622.37,"endTime":1624.92,"body":"Math is Figure-Out-Able!"}]}