{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":0.56,"endTime":6.6,"body":"Bountiful beautiful bridges have been"},{"startTime":3.84,"endTime":10.139,"body":"built since way back when"},{"startTime":6.6,"endTime":14.46,"body":"they are Modern Marvels which exemplify"},{"startTime":10.139,"endTime":17.72,"body":"both Form and Function these simple yet"},{"startTime":14.46,"endTime":20.64,"body":"complex structures that span the planet"},{"startTime":17.72,"endTime":23.76,"body":"are also symbolic"},{"startTime":20.64,"endTime":27.539,"body":"as you'll see they are often referenced"},{"startTime":23.76,"endTime":30.0,"body":"in idiomatic expressions everywhere from"},{"startTime":27.539,"endTime":33.96,"body":"Egypt to Ecuador"},{"startTime":30.0,"endTime":36.78,"body":"but none are quite as iconic as the one"},{"startTime":33.96,"endTime":40.64,"body":"in lower Manhattan that links the island"},{"startTime":36.78,"endTime":40.64,"body":"to the borough of Brooklyn"},{"startTime":41.0,"endTime":46.879,"body":"we'll break down the Brooklyn Bridge on"},{"startTime":44.579,"endTime":52.82,"body":"this week's episode of f"},{"startTime":46.879,"endTime":56.719,"body":"why I welcome to for your info English"},{"startTime":52.82,"endTime":56.719,"body":"you got it you got it"},{"startTime":66.08,"endTime":71.58,"body":"hello hello hello"},{"startTime":68.0,"endTime":76.02,"body":"and welcome to this another exciting"},{"startTime":71.58,"endTime":79.08,"body":"edition of FYI for your English and"},{"startTime":76.02,"endTime":81.18,"body":"today folks we are gonna cross the"},{"startTime":79.08,"endTime":83.52,"body":"Brooklyn Bridge one of the most famous"},{"startTime":81.18,"endTime":87.299,"body":"landmarks in one of the most famous"},{"startTime":83.52,"endTime":90.18,"body":"cities New York as we pronounce it New"},{"startTime":87.299,"endTime":93.299,"body":"York New York the city's so nice they"},{"startTime":90.18,"endTime":96.0,"body":"named it twice all right Amigos well"},{"startTime":93.299,"endTime":98.9,"body":"before we get started I just wanted to"},{"startTime":96.0,"endTime":103.619,"body":"thank each and every one of you"},{"startTime":98.9,"endTime":107.34,"body":"FYI has been growing tremendously not"},{"startTime":103.619,"endTime":110.88,"body":"only are we on the cusp of a half a"},{"startTime":107.34,"endTime":114.78,"body":"million downloads but also folks we are"},{"startTime":110.88,"endTime":119.399,"body":"in the top charts I'm happy to announce"},{"startTime":114.78,"endTime":121.759,"body":"that we are number 26 in Spain when it"},{"startTime":119.399,"endTime":125.939,"body":"comes to language learning in the"},{"startTime":121.759,"endTime":128.64,"body":"education category we are number 58."},{"startTime":125.939,"endTime":130.86,"body":"this is in Spain that's awesome guys"},{"startTime":128.64,"endTime":134.94,"body":"just to give you an 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what's"},{"startTime":164.22,"endTime":170.099,"body":"up Amigos wherever you're tuning in from"},{"startTime":167.16,"endTime":171.9,"body":"and if you haven't rated the show go"},{"startTime":170.099,"endTime":175.379,"body":"over and rate it on your favorite"},{"startTime":171.9,"endTime":177.78,"body":"podcast platform also as many of you"},{"startTime":175.379,"endTime":181.379,"body":"know I do a lot of other things as we"},{"startTime":177.78,"endTime":184.739,"body":"say I wear many hats and just recently I"},{"startTime":181.379,"endTime":188.76,"body":"release to my fifth book with my partner"},{"startTime":184.739,"endTime":191.159,"body":"Damian Moya it's called this book is the"},{"startTime":188.76,"endTime":193.2,"body":"[ __ ] and I know what you're thinking if"},{"startTime":191.159,"endTime":196.879,"body":"you don't get the title well listen to"},{"startTime":193.2,"endTime":196.879,"body":"this little ad we put together"},{"startTime":209.239,"endTime":219.08,"body":"but wait a second it just dawned on me"},{"startTime":214.519,"endTime":219.08,"body":"we don't have a title um"},{"startTime":221.0,"endTime":226.04,"body":"no that's too generic this book is"},{"startTime":227.42,"endTime":232.879,"body":"I think we've milked that idea emote"},{"startTime":233.72,"endTime":238.319,"body":"I've got one foreign"},{"startTime":264.66,"endTime":270.96,"body":"that's right this book is the [ __ ] it is"},{"startTime":268.259,"endTime":273.66,"body":"the third in the milk collection so if"},{"startTime":270.96,"endTime":276.479,"body":"you have the best seller this book is"},{"startTime":273.66,"endTime":278.88,"body":"the milk and the follow-up which is the"},{"startTime":276.479,"endTime":281.28,"body":"re milk which has been rebranded as this"},{"startTime":278.88,"endTime":283.86,"body":"book is the milk too well this is the"},{"startTime":281.28,"endTime":286.32,"body":"third in The Saga and it's called this"},{"startTime":283.86,"endTime":288.979,"body":"book is the [ __ ] if you want to pick up"},{"startTime":286.32,"endTime":292.979,"body":"a copy you can pick it up at Von"},{"startTime":288.979,"endTime":295.44,"body":"dienda.com or as we say wherever fine"},{"startTime":292.979,"endTime":298.08,"body":"books are sold and it's a book for"},{"startTime":295.44,"endTime":301.5,"body":"people who hate English and people who"},{"startTime":298.08,"endTime":303.72,"body":"love English it's for everybody and"},{"startTime":301.5,"endTime":306.18,"body":"another way you can support the show is"},{"startTime":303.72,"endTime":308.52,"body":"not just buying my books but also you"},{"startTime":306.18,"endTime":311.4,"body":"can join our community we've got an"},{"startTime":308.52,"endTime":314.04,"body":"amazing community over on patreon where"},{"startTime":311.4,"endTime":316.5,"body":"we're learning every single week so"},{"startTime":314.04,"endTime":318.78,"body":"aside from this episode you can get a"},{"startTime":316.5,"endTime":321.3,"body":"bonus episode every week you can get"},{"startTime":318.78,"endTime":324.18,"body":"private classes with me if you're in our"},{"startTime":321.3,"endTime":327.3,"body":"Interstellar level you can get weekly"},{"startTime":324.18,"endTime":331.74,"body":"review classes with me if you're in our"},{"startTime":327.3,"endTime":334.68,"body":"super duper level and also PDFs and tons"},{"startTime":331.74,"endTime":338.699,"body":"of other things plus you have access to"},{"startTime":334.68,"endTime":341.4,"body":"me 24 7 but as I always tell my students"},{"startTime":338.699,"endTime":344.58,"body":"don't expect me to answer you at 3am"},{"startTime":341.4,"endTime":346.5,"body":"I'll answer you at a Godly hour if you"},{"startTime":344.58,"endTime":349.639,"body":"just want to find out more and see what"},{"startTime":346.5,"endTime":352.44,"body":"it's about go to patreon.com"},{"startTime":349.639,"endTime":355.38,"body":"Alberto Alonso and you can find out more"},{"startTime":352.44,"endTime":357.72,"body":"and if you want a free sample just Reach"},{"startTime":355.38,"endTime":361.199,"body":"Out di me algo and I'll send you some"},{"startTime":357.72,"endTime":364.32,"body":"free samples and I'm always looking for"},{"startTime":361.199,"endTime":366.84,"body":"suggestions for future episodes so make"},{"startTime":364.32,"endTime":368.639,"body":"sure you reach out no matter what tell"},{"startTime":366.84,"endTime":371.52,"body":"me what you think of the show tell me"},{"startTime":368.639,"endTime":373.56,"body":"you want some free samples whatever you"},{"startTime":371.52,"endTime":376.74,"body":"want to say I'd love to hear from you"},{"startTime":373.56,"endTime":378.96,"body":"and thank you thank you thank you thank"},{"startTime":376.74,"endTime":381.24,"body":"you for choosing to learn English with"},{"startTime":378.96,"endTime":383.46,"body":"me and thank you for all the constant"},{"startTime":381.24,"endTime":386.88,"body":"support and I want to send a shout out"},{"startTime":383.46,"endTime":391.62,"body":"to all my patrons especially my super"},{"startTime":386.88,"endTime":396.24,"body":"duper students Javier Paco Roberto David"},{"startTime":391.62,"endTime":398.639,"body":"Jose Maria Mila and Alex and don't"},{"startTime":396.24,"endTime":401.34,"body":"forget about my Interstellar students"},{"startTime":398.639,"endTime":405.319,"body":"the ones that get a private class with"},{"startTime":401.34,"endTime":409.74,"body":"me every month and those are Carmen Lina"},{"startTime":405.319,"endTime":412.94,"body":"Issa bako and Elgar again more"},{"startTime":409.74,"endTime":415.979,"body":"information at patreon.com"},{"startTime":412.94,"endTime":419.1,"body":"Alberto Alonso alright so let's take a"},{"startTime":415.979,"endTime":422.46,"body":"look at this intro over here as always I"},{"startTime":419.1,"endTime":425.34,"body":"try to teach you some vocabulary in each"},{"startTime":422.46,"endTime":428.52,"body":"intro the first word was Bountiful that"},{"startTime":425.34,"endTime":431.759,"body":"means a lot it's another way of saying a"},{"startTime":428.52,"endTime":434.58,"body":"lot or many Bountiful beautiful bridges"},{"startTime":431.759,"endTime":437.039,"body":"have been built since way back when"},{"startTime":434.58,"endTime":439.56,"body":"that's another way of saying since a"},{"startTime":437.039,"endTime":442.319,"body":"long time ago then I said these are"},{"startTime":439.56,"endTime":445.199,"body":"Modern Marvels you want me to let you in"},{"startTime":442.319,"endTime":448.56,"body":"on a little secret I got the idea idea"},{"startTime":445.199,"endTime":450.78,"body":"for FYI from a show that used to be on"},{"startTime":448.56,"endTime":453.0,"body":"the History Channel called Modern"},{"startTime":450.78,"endTime":455.759,"body":"Marvels see if you can find it on"},{"startTime":453.0,"endTime":457.919,"body":"YouTube search for Modern Marvels the"},{"startTime":455.759,"endTime":461.699,"body":"History Channel then I said they"},{"startTime":457.919,"endTime":463.919,"body":"exemplify both Form and Function and"},{"startTime":461.699,"endTime":466.02,"body":"this is very important when it comes to"},{"startTime":463.919,"endTime":469.44,"body":"architecture is it aesthetically"},{"startTime":466.02,"endTime":472.08,"body":"beautiful great but is it useful can we"},{"startTime":469.44,"endTime":475.259,"body":"use it does it have a function and this"},{"startTime":472.08,"endTime":477.96,"body":"is both it's beautiful in Form and"},{"startTime":475.259,"endTime":481.259,"body":"Function then I said these simple yet"},{"startTime":477.96,"endTime":485.12,"body":"complex structures that span the planet"},{"startTime":481.259,"endTime":488.4,"body":"are also symbolic and to Spanish"},{"startTime":485.12,"endTime":491.16,"body":"I use that word on purpose you'll see it"},{"startTime":488.4,"endTime":494.039,"body":"later on it's used often with Bridges"},{"startTime":491.16,"endTime":496.979,"body":"and then I wrapped up saying as you'll"},{"startTime":494.039,"endTime":500.099,"body":"see Como veras they are often referenced"},{"startTime":496.979,"endTime":501.539,"body":"in idiomatic expressions everywhere and"},{"startTime":500.099,"endTime":503.819,"body":"in the bonus part we're going to take a"},{"startTime":501.539,"endTime":506.759,"body":"look at all those idiomatic expressions"},{"startTime":503.819,"endTime":509.58,"body":"that we use that have to do with Bridges"},{"startTime":506.759,"endTime":512.94,"body":"and then I used some more ease in there"},{"startTime":509.58,"endTime":514.08,"body":"I said Egypt to Ecuador now I'm not"},{"startTime":512.94,"endTime":516.779,"body":"going to teach you how to pronounce"},{"startTime":514.08,"endTime":519.24,"body":"Ecuador but Egypt I've heard a lot of"},{"startTime":516.779,"endTime":524.339,"body":"students say Egypt just think of the"},{"startTime":519.24,"endTime":529.08,"body":"song Walk Like an Egyptian is Egypt but"},{"startTime":524.339,"endTime":532.62,"body":"then I said none are quite as iconic as"},{"startTime":529.08,"endTime":535.7,"body":"the one in lower Manhattan that links"},{"startTime":532.62,"endTime":538.62,"body":"the island to the borough of Brooklyn"},{"startTime":535.7,"endTime":541.08,"body":"and let's see I'm gonna test your New"},{"startTime":538.62,"endTime":544.5,"body":"York trivia we've looked at this on past"},{"startTime":541.08,"endTime":547.38,"body":"episodes what are the five boroughs that"},{"startTime":544.5,"endTime":550.68,"body":"make up New York City Manhattan come on"},{"startTime":547.38,"endTime":552.36,"body":"that's easy the next one Brooklyn this"},{"startTime":550.68,"endTime":555.36,"body":"is the one that the Brooklyn Bridge"},{"startTime":552.36,"endTime":558.6,"body":"connects then you've got Queens then"},{"startTime":555.36,"endTime":561.24,"body":"you've got Staten Island a little New"},{"startTime":558.6,"endTime":563.64,"body":"York trivia to get you going and then I"},{"startTime":561.24,"endTime":565.74,"body":"said we'll break down the Brooklyn"},{"startTime":563.64,"endTime":568.82,"body":"Bridge and to bring breakdown is to"},{"startTime":565.74,"endTime":568.82,"body":"simplify something"},{"startTime":569.12,"endTime":575.339,"body":"I guess we should start at the beginning"},{"startTime":571.74,"endTime":578.339,"body":"what was happening in the early 19th"},{"startTime":575.339,"endTime":580.68,"body":"century in New York City well it was a"},{"startTime":578.339,"endTime":583.98,"body":"crowded place there were a lot of people"},{"startTime":580.68,"endTime":587.22,"body":"moving there from all over the world so"},{"startTime":583.98,"endTime":589.08,"body":"obviously Transportation was a huge"},{"startTime":587.22,"endTime":592.68,"body":"issue they needed to be able to move"},{"startTime":589.08,"endTime":595.44,"body":"people around easily and quickly and up"},{"startTime":592.68,"endTime":598.32,"body":"until then they were crossing into"},{"startTime":595.44,"endTime":601.68,"body":"Manhattan on a ferry there's just one"},{"startTime":598.32,"endTime":604.98,"body":"problem in the winter the water freezes"},{"startTime":601.68,"endTime":607.14,"body":"over so they could spend hours just"},{"startTime":604.98,"endTime":609.18,"body":"trying to cross that little river"},{"startTime":607.14,"endTime":611.64,"body":"because if you think about it it's not"},{"startTime":609.18,"endTime":613.74,"body":"that wide we'll get into the statistics"},{"startTime":611.64,"endTime":617.22,"body":"a little bit later but just imagine"},{"startTime":613.74,"endTime":618.839,"body":"being on a ferry Crossing into Manhattan"},{"startTime":617.22,"endTime":621.12,"body":"because you've got to go to work and"},{"startTime":618.839,"endTime":623.339,"body":"there you are you're stuck in the ice"},{"startTime":621.12,"endTime":625.019,"body":"and you call up your boss even though"},{"startTime":623.339,"endTime":628.019,"body":"they didn't have cell phones back then"},{"startTime":625.019,"endTime":629.58,"body":"you say hey boss I'm stuck in the ice I"},{"startTime":628.019,"endTime":631.94,"body":"guess that's not a good good way to"},{"startTime":629.58,"endTime":634.8,"body":"break the ice"},{"startTime":631.94,"endTime":637.92,"body":"okay all right bad but what I'm getting"},{"startTime":634.8,"endTime":641.1,"body":"at is New York City needed to prepare to"},{"startTime":637.92,"endTime":644.399,"body":"move all these people around or else it"},{"startTime":641.1,"endTime":647.64,"body":"would be chaotic and this as much as"},{"startTime":644.399,"endTime":650.7,"body":"it's a story about a bridge it's also a"},{"startTime":647.64,"endTime":654.839,"body":"story about a family the Roebling family"},{"startTime":650.7,"endTime":657.12,"body":"and it took three roeblings to get this"},{"startTime":654.839,"endTime":659.519,"body":"done and there was a lot of tragedy"},{"startTime":657.12,"endTime":663.66,"body":"which we'll look at as well but it all"},{"startTime":659.519,"endTime":667.2,"body":"started with John robling then his son"},{"startTime":663.66,"endTime":671.88,"body":"Washington Roebling took over and it was"},{"startTime":667.2,"endTime":675.72,"body":"eventually finished by Emily robling so"},{"startTime":671.88,"endTime":678.959,"body":"it's the story of a dad a son and the"},{"startTime":675.72,"endTime":681.54,"body":"daughter-in-law slash wife and three"},{"startTime":678.959,"endTime":683.88,"body":"people and many other people it took to"},{"startTime":681.54,"endTime":686.579,"body":"get this bridge done but if you were"},{"startTime":683.88,"endTime":689.279,"body":"listening carefully I just told you the"},{"startTime":686.579,"endTime":690.779,"body":"bridge was finished by a woman Emily"},{"startTime":689.279,"endTime":692.88,"body":"robling and we're going to talk a lot"},{"startTime":690.779,"endTime":695.1,"body":"about her because it wouldn't have been"},{"startTime":692.88,"endTime":698.16,"body":"done without any of those three"},{"startTime":695.1,"endTime":702.24,"body":"roeblings and well of course a little"},{"startTime":698.16,"endTime":704.579,"body":"bribery and bribes are sobernos and"},{"startTime":702.24,"endTime":707.579,"body":"we'll talk about that in the bonus part"},{"startTime":704.579,"endTime":711.2,"body":"as well the dark side as I call it so"},{"startTime":707.579,"endTime":715.079,"body":"we'll start with Grandpa or the dad"},{"startTime":750.2,"endTime":757.2,"body":"the Man of Steel no no no I don't mean"},{"startTime":754.079,"endTime":761.1,"body":"like Superman I mean steel was his"},{"startTime":757.2,"endTime":764.94,"body":"business he was a german-born American"},{"startTime":761.1,"endTime":769.44,"body":"Civil Engineer and he had a business in"},{"startTime":764.94,"endTime":772.079,"body":"Trenton where he sold wire rope and as"},{"startTime":769.44,"endTime":774.779,"body":"an engineer he realized that the bridge"},{"startTime":772.079,"endTime":778.14,"body":"is up till that point were using hemp"},{"startTime":774.779,"endTime":781.2,"body":"and I think you say hemp is no it's not"},{"startTime":778.14,"endTime":784.38,"body":"cardamomo oh no no no wait I got it it's"},{"startTime":781.2,"endTime":786.6,"body":"kanyamo I always mix those words up well"},{"startTime":784.38,"endTime":789.779,"body":"the ropes were made of hemp and there"},{"startTime":786.6,"endTime":792.42,"body":"was just one problem the hemp would Fray"},{"startTime":789.779,"endTime":794.519,"body":"so after years they would realize that"},{"startTime":792.42,"endTime":797.1,"body":"these Bridges weren't as strong as they"},{"startTime":794.519,"endTime":799.14,"body":"were so he had to find a way to make"},{"startTime":797.1,"endTime":802.019,"body":"bridges that would be stronger and"},{"startTime":799.14,"endTime":805.019,"body":"obviously last longer and he found a way"},{"startTime":802.019,"endTime":808.079,"body":"to take these wires these metal wires"},{"startTime":805.019,"endTime":812.339,"body":"and kind of twist them around each other"},{"startTime":808.079,"endTime":814.86,"body":"to make one strong metal wire it's very"},{"startTime":812.339,"endTime":817.86,"body":"common these days but back then it was"},{"startTime":814.86,"endTime":821.16,"body":"revolutionary it was groundbreaking and"},{"startTime":817.86,"endTime":823.44,"body":"he ran a business in Trenton Trenton is"},{"startTime":821.16,"endTime":826.92,"body":"the capital of New Jersey and it's"},{"startTime":823.44,"endTime":828.899,"body":"called Roebling and Sons wire rope so"},{"startTime":826.92,"endTime":831.06,"body":"that was a little background I mean he"},{"startTime":828.899,"endTime":833.639,"body":"was already working with the materials"},{"startTime":831.06,"endTime":837.06,"body":"he needed to work with in order to build"},{"startTime":833.639,"endTime":839.88,"body":"a groundbreaking bridge and he had tons"},{"startTime":837.06,"endTime":843.36,"body":"of credentials already he had designed"},{"startTime":839.88,"endTime":845.82,"body":"the Niagara Falls suspension bridge the"},{"startTime":843.36,"endTime":848.76,"body":"Ohio River Bridge which is now called"},{"startTime":845.82,"endTime":850.38,"body":"the John a Roebling suspension bridge"},{"startTime":848.76,"endTime":853.32,"body":"and if you take a look at these two"},{"startTime":850.38,"endTime":855.899,"body":"Bridges honestly you will definitely see"},{"startTime":853.32,"endTime":858.6,"body":"similarities between the Niagara Falls"},{"startTime":855.899,"endTime":861.06,"body":"suspension bridge and the Ohio River"},{"startTime":858.6,"endTime":863.579,"body":"Bridge among other projects he worked on"},{"startTime":861.06,"endTime":866.579,"body":"but you could tell that he already had"},{"startTime":863.579,"endTime":868.68,"body":"his style his ideas that were different"},{"startTime":866.579,"endTime":870.12,"body":"from all the other ones that we were"},{"startTime":868.68,"endTime":873.42,"body":"seeing when it came to bridge"},{"startTime":870.12,"endTime":875.7,"body":"construction and he even had to stop"},{"startTime":873.42,"endTime":877.86,"body":"doing what he was doing for a period"},{"startTime":875.7,"endTime":880.5,"body":"while many Americans because something"},{"startTime":877.86,"endTime":882.42,"body":"was going on any history Buffs know what"},{"startTime":880.5,"endTime":886.26,"body":"was going on around that time"},{"startTime":882.42,"endTime":888.66,"body":"that's right the American Civil War so"},{"startTime":886.26,"endTime":892.019,"body":"his as with many other people's efforts"},{"startTime":888.66,"endTime":894.42,"body":"were placed elsewhere but as we know the"},{"startTime":892.019,"endTime":897.24,"body":"Civil War ended and when the dust"},{"startTime":894.42,"endTime":899.76,"body":"settled he went back to work on what he"},{"startTime":897.24,"endTime":903.06,"body":"loved to do building and designing"},{"startTime":899.76,"endTime":907.019,"body":"Bridges and as I said he was ambitious"},{"startTime":903.06,"endTime":909.18,"body":"because nobody had used steel wire in"},{"startTime":907.019,"endTime":911.7,"body":"their suspension bridge so it was the"},{"startTime":909.18,"endTime":915.0,"body":"first of its kind and not just the"},{"startTime":911.7,"endTime":917.399,"body":"technology but the size since it was a"},{"startTime":915.0,"endTime":921.42,"body":"stronger Bridge it could be made to be"},{"startTime":917.399,"endTime":923.519,"body":"longer and it was 1.5 times longer than"},{"startTime":921.42,"endTime":927.0,"body":"any Bridge ever built to that point"},{"startTime":923.519,"endTime":928.68,"body":"another key element are the towers at"},{"startTime":927.0,"endTime":931.38,"body":"the time they were the tallest"},{"startTime":928.68,"endTime":934.079,"body":"structures in the Western Hemisphere I"},{"startTime":931.38,"endTime":937.019,"body":"think everybody in the world recognizes"},{"startTime":934.079,"endTime":939.959,"body":"those Towers their Stone towers and"},{"startTime":937.019,"endTime":941.699,"body":"they're in the neo-gothic style and"},{"startTime":939.959,"endTime":943.5,"body":"speaking of bridges we're not going to"},{"startTime":941.699,"endTime":946.079,"body":"get into an architect texture lesson"},{"startTime":943.5,"endTime":949.44,"body":"here but this is a suspension bridge"},{"startTime":946.079,"endTime":953.399,"body":"there are Arch Bridges beam bridges"},{"startTime":949.44,"endTime":955.32,"body":"truss bridges cantilever girder but the"},{"startTime":953.399,"endTime":958.699,"body":"one we're talking about the one that"},{"startTime":955.32,"endTime":961.92,"body":"John robling pioneered is the steel wire"},{"startTime":958.699,"endTime":965.48,"body":"suspension bridge and construction"},{"startTime":961.92,"endTime":969.62,"body":"started on the Brooklyn Bridge in"},{"startTime":965.48,"endTime":974.279,"body":"1869. it wasn't completed until"},{"startTime":969.62,"endTime":978.66,"body":"1883 but it wasn't so simple not at all"},{"startTime":974.279,"endTime":981.6,"body":"if you did the math it took 14 years to"},{"startTime":978.66,"endTime":986.1,"body":"build this masterpiece and it took a lot"},{"startTime":981.6,"endTime":988.399,"body":"of lives including John's in fact John"},{"startTime":986.1,"endTime":991.5,"body":"wasn't even there for the construction"},{"startTime":988.399,"endTime":994.26,"body":"he died before it even began"},{"startTime":991.5,"endTime":999.32,"body":"construction he started designing the"},{"startTime":994.26,"endTime":1003.079,"body":"project in 1867 and on June 28"},{"startTime":999.32,"endTime":1006.44,"body":"1869 he was standing at the edge of a"},{"startTime":1003.079,"endTime":1010.839,"body":"dark and he was doing some tests and a"},{"startTime":1006.44,"endTime":1015.8,"body":"fairy came and crushed his foot"},{"startTime":1010.839,"endTime":1019.04,"body":"they had to amputate his toes and he was"},{"startTime":1015.8,"endTime":1021.98,"body":"a bit of a tough guy so he refused"},{"startTime":1019.04,"endTime":1025.76,"body":"further medical treatment well due to"},{"startTime":1021.98,"endTime":1028.839,"body":"this his condition deteriorated and he"},{"startTime":1025.76,"endTime":1034.22,"body":"died on July 22nd"},{"startTime":1028.839,"endTime":1037.4589999999998,"body":"1869 of tetanus it was 24 days after the"},{"startTime":1034.22,"endTime":1041.3,"body":"accident so before he passed away he"},{"startTime":1037.4589999999998,"endTime":1044.3,"body":"named his son Washington Roebling as the"},{"startTime":1041.3,"endTime":1046.4589999999998,"body":"chief engineer of the project and as I"},{"startTime":1044.3,"endTime":1048.74,"body":"said earlier he didn't finish the"},{"startTime":1046.4589999999998,"endTime":1051.8,"body":"project either well what happened to"},{"startTime":1048.74,"endTime":1053.779,"body":"Washington Roebling then his son well he"},{"startTime":1051.8,"endTime":1057.199,"body":"suffered from something that was very"},{"startTime":1053.779,"endTime":1060.6799999999998,"body":"common in those days specially if you"},{"startTime":1057.199,"endTime":1062.779,"body":"were a sand hog and a sand hog is the"},{"startTime":1060.6799999999998,"endTime":1066.14,"body":"term that they use for people who who"},{"startTime":1062.779,"endTime":1069.319,"body":"dig tunnels underground it's not a very"},{"startTime":1066.14,"endTime":1071.9,"body":"pleasant job as we'll find out and"},{"startTime":1069.319,"endTime":1075.86,"body":"unfortunately Washington his son"},{"startTime":1071.9,"endTime":1079.459,"body":"Washington Roebling died as well he got"},{"startTime":1075.86,"endTime":1082.64,"body":"the bends and he got very very sick the"},{"startTime":1079.459,"endTime":1086.54,"body":"Benz is called decompression syndrome"},{"startTime":1082.64,"endTime":1088.34,"body":"it's also a Radiohead song the bends and"},{"startTime":1086.54,"endTime":1090.44,"body":"we'll talk about it in the bonus part"},{"startTime":1088.34,"endTime":1093.62,"body":"because many people who worked on the"},{"startTime":1090.44,"endTime":1096.74,"body":"project suffered from the bends and it"},{"startTime":1093.62,"endTime":1098.78,"body":"took him a while to die he was sick for"},{"startTime":1096.74,"endTime":1101.6,"body":"a long time it wasn't like his father"},{"startTime":1098.78,"endTime":1105.02,"body":"who got sick in just a few weeks and"},{"startTime":1101.6,"endTime":1107.96,"body":"died but he was completely incapacitated"},{"startTime":1105.02,"endTime":1113.179,"body":"the only thing that worked was his brain"},{"startTime":1107.96,"endTime":1116.36,"body":"and in 1883 his wife Emily took over the"},{"startTime":1113.179,"endTime":1119.24,"body":"project at first she was just his eyes"},{"startTime":1116.36,"endTime":1122.78,"body":"and ears he couldn't move so he was"},{"startTime":1119.24,"endTime":1124.94,"body":"bedridden so he would use a telescope to"},{"startTime":1122.78,"endTime":1127.039,"body":"look out the window and check on the"},{"startTime":1124.94,"endTime":1129.799,"body":"progress of the bridge and his wife"},{"startTime":1127.039,"endTime":1132.32,"body":"Emily she would go and make sure that"},{"startTime":1129.799,"endTime":1135.98,"body":"everything he needed to be done got done"},{"startTime":1132.32,"endTime":1138.08,"body":"she was his eyes and ears until she"},{"startTime":1135.98,"endTime":1142.12,"body":"eventually had to take over everything"},{"startTime":1138.08,"endTime":1144.74,"body":"when he passed so two casualties already"},{"startTime":1142.12,"endTime":1148.039,"body":"casualties are not coincidences"},{"startTime":1144.74,"endTime":1150.08,"body":"casualties are bajas or perdidas and"},{"startTime":1148.039,"endTime":1153.02,"body":"we're talking about the two guys who"},{"startTime":1150.08,"endTime":1155.299,"body":"helped build it the good news is Emily"},{"startTime":1153.02,"endTime":1157.82,"body":"did not die not before the construction"},{"startTime":1155.299,"endTime":1161.0,"body":"of the bridge was completed but you can"},{"startTime":1157.82,"endTime":1164.48,"body":"just imagine the working conditions 14"},{"startTime":1161.0,"endTime":1166.94,"body":"years working underground and they were"},{"startTime":1164.48,"endTime":1168.919,"body":"using dynamite and they were using a new"},{"startTime":1166.94,"endTime":1171.74,"body":"technology where they sent these"},{"startTime":1168.919,"endTime":1173.48,"body":"caissons down and a case on it sounds"},{"startTime":1171.74,"endTime":1176.059,"body":"like a French word it's like a little"},{"startTime":1173.48,"endTime":1178.64,"body":"airtight compartment where the workers"},{"startTime":1176.059,"endTime":1181.1,"body":"would be lowered into the water and they"},{"startTime":1178.64,"endTime":1183.2,"body":"would be able to dig under there again"},{"startTime":1181.1,"endTime":1186.14,"body":"from being Underground round all day"},{"startTime":1183.2,"endTime":1189.14,"body":"many of them suffered from the bends and"},{"startTime":1186.14,"endTime":1194.059,"body":"others died due to accidents on the"},{"startTime":1189.14,"endTime":1196.52,"body":"construction site and after 14 years and"},{"startTime":1194.059,"endTime":1200.419,"body":"three roeblings and the death of many"},{"startTime":1196.52,"endTime":1203.179,"body":"other construction workers around 25 are"},{"startTime":1200.419,"endTime":1209.14,"body":"what the estimates are the bridge was"},{"startTime":1203.179,"endTime":1211.88,"body":"finally completed and it was against all"},{"startTime":1209.14,"endTime":1214.64,"body":"oddsico and as we'll see in the bonus"},{"startTime":1211.88,"endTime":1218.179,"body":"part there was even some illegal"},{"startTime":1214.64,"endTime":1223.24,"body":"activity to get this bridge made and"},{"startTime":1218.179,"endTime":1227.419,"body":"then opening day came it was May 24"},{"startTime":1223.24,"endTime":1230.179,"body":"1883 and at the time it opened up it was"},{"startTime":1227.419,"endTime":1233.96,"body":"the longest suspension bridge in the"},{"startTime":1230.179,"endTime":1236.96,"body":"world the main span and remember to span"},{"startTime":1233.96,"endTime":1240.08,"body":"is to cross so the span is the part of"},{"startTime":1236.96,"endTime":1242.38,"body":"the bridge where you walk or drive that"},{"startTime":1240.08,"endTime":1245.9,"body":"was 486"},{"startTime":1242.38,"endTime":1250.12,"body":"0.3 meters well I shouldn't say was is"},{"startTime":1245.9,"endTime":1253.46,"body":"continues to be the deck the deck is"},{"startTime":1250.12,"endTime":1257.419,"body":"38.7 meters and that's the height that's"},{"startTime":1253.46,"endTime":1259.82,"body":"above the mean high water level and mean"},{"startTime":1257.419,"endTime":1262.22,"body":"is borde but in this case it's another"},{"startTime":1259.82,"endTime":1264.62,"body":"way of saying average and the Brooklyn"},{"startTime":1262.22,"endTime":1268.58,"body":"bridge held the title as the longest"},{"startTime":1264.62,"endTime":1271.16,"body":"bridge in the world for 20 years until"},{"startTime":1268.58,"endTime":1273.799,"body":"it was beaten by its neighbor the"},{"startTime":1271.16,"endTime":1276.2,"body":"Williamsburg Bridge the opening day"},{"startTime":1273.799,"endTime":1280.28,"body":"ceremony was presided over by president"},{"startTime":1276.2,"endTime":1282.98,"body":"Chester A Arthur and New York Governor"},{"startTime":1280.28,"endTime":1285.86,"body":"Grover Cleveland who would eventually go"},{"startTime":1282.98,"endTime":1288.98,"body":"on to be president Emily robling was"},{"startTime":1285.86,"endTime":1293.62,"body":"given the first ride over the completed"},{"startTime":1288.98,"endTime":1293.62,"body":"Bridge she had a rooster in her hand"},{"startTime":1293.84,"endTime":1301.7,"body":"while a rooster is a symbol of Victory"},{"startTime":1296.9,"endTime":1304.039,"body":"and within 24 hours more than a hundred"},{"startTime":1301.7,"endTime":1306.32,"body":"and fifty thousand people walked across"},{"startTime":1304.039,"endTime":1308.98,"body":"the Brooklyn Bridge there was a military"},{"startTime":1306.32,"endTime":1308.98,"body":"band"},{"startTime":1310.96,"endTime":1317.0,"body":"celebratory cannons were firing off in"},{"startTime":1314.059,"endTime":1320.24,"body":"the background and they even had a"},{"startTime":1317.0,"endTime":1323.08,"body":"one-hour fireworks display it's very"},{"startTime":1320.24,"endTime":1326.0,"body":"American I know there were some speeches"},{"startTime":1323.08,"endTime":1328.94,"body":"and just before midnight The Bridge"},{"startTime":1326.0,"endTime":1332.179,"body":"opened to the public and it's been open"},{"startTime":1328.94,"endTime":1334.64,"body":"ever since that first day we said a"},{"startTime":1332.179,"endTime":1336.679,"body":"hundred and fifty thousand people walked"},{"startTime":1334.64,"endTime":1339.22,"body":"across the bridge well how many people"},{"startTime":1336.679,"endTime":1343.039,"body":"crossed the Brooklyn Bridge per day"},{"startTime":1339.22,"endTime":1346.24,"body":"nowadays they say an average of about a"},{"startTime":1343.039,"endTime":1349.76,"body":"hundred and sixteen thousand Vehicles"},{"startTime":1346.24,"endTime":1351.679,"body":"three thousand bikers and thirty"},{"startTime":1349.76,"endTime":1353.84,"body":"thousand pedestrians crossed the"},{"startTime":1351.679,"endTime":1356.62,"body":"Brooklyn Bridge per day and we're"},{"startTime":1353.84,"endTime":1360.5,"body":"talking about a bridge that opened in"},{"startTime":1356.62,"endTime":1363.38,"body":"1883. it's still relevant as far as Form"},{"startTime":1360.5,"endTime":1365.9,"body":"and Function New York has a lot of"},{"startTime":1363.38,"endTime":1368.299,"body":"bridges but I think this is our most"},{"startTime":1365.9,"endTime":1370.4,"body":"iconic one and it's gone through many"},{"startTime":1368.299,"endTime":1372.919,"body":"changes throughout the years of course"},{"startTime":1370.4,"endTime":1376.22,"body":"when it first opened it was for"},{"startTime":1372.919,"endTime":1379.039,"body":"horse-drawn carriages street car rail"},{"startTime":1376.22,"endTime":1381.88,"body":"that's very European by the way and also"},{"startTime":1379.039,"endTime":1387.02,"body":"it had pedestrian traffic"},{"startTime":1381.88,"endTime":1390.74,"body":"in 1950 it underwent a redesign and now"},{"startTime":1387.02,"endTime":1392.419,"body":"they added six lanes garilis and the"},{"startTime":1390.74,"endTime":1395.96,"body":"Brooklyn Bridge has been renovated"},{"startTime":1392.419,"endTime":1399.74,"body":"several times since then in the 50s the"},{"startTime":1395.96,"endTime":1402.74,"body":"80s and even more recently in the 2010s"},{"startTime":1399.74,"endTime":1404.6,"body":"and anybody who's ever walked anywhere"},{"startTime":1402.74,"endTime":1407.36,"body":"near this bridge you don't even have to"},{"startTime":1404.6,"endTime":1411.14,"body":"cross it you'll know that it has a"},{"startTime":1407.36,"endTime":1413.48,"body":"certain magic a certain Aura it has its"},{"startTime":1411.14,"endTime":1416.0,"body":"own personality and I'm gonna tell you"},{"startTime":1413.48,"endTime":1420.2,"body":"all about it in the bonus part because"},{"startTime":1416.0,"endTime":1422.72,"body":"I've crossed it a million times but as"},{"startTime":1420.2,"endTime":1425.299,"body":"the expression goes we'll cross that"},{"startTime":1422.72,"endTime":1428.12,"body":"bridge when we get to it I sure hope"},{"startTime":1425.299,"endTime":1429.76,"body":"you'll join us in the bonus episode of"},{"startTime":1428.12,"endTime":1433.6,"body":"today's f"},{"startTime":1429.76,"endTime":1433.6,"body":"why I"},{"startTime":1443.419,"endTime":1446.419,"body":"foreign"}]}