Autism and ADHD continue to be the subjects of much debate and misunderstanding and until 2013 diagnostic manuals did not allow for the co-occurrence of autism and ADHD. 

In this episode Thora Halldórsdóttir and Kristín Sigurdardottir, clinical psychologists and researchers from Iceland, join us to talk about the key findings from the study they led in Iceland that provides the first nationwide, population-based estimate of incidence and prevalence of autism, ADHD, and co-occurring autism-ADHD in young people without intellectual impairment between 2013 and 2021 assessed using gold-standard clinical methods. 

They highlight that autism more often occurs in combination with ADHD than without, that the prevalence of co-occurring psychiatric conditions is high but not universal, and that the sex differences are not as large as previously thought.

Read the full article here:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(25)00132-4/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_Jun_25_lanchi

Other articles mentioned in this discussion:

Improving autism identification and support for individuals assigned female at birth: clinical suggestions and research priorities https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(23)00221-3/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_Jun_25_lanchi

Evidence-based kindness and empathy for autistic children https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00080-4/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_Jun_25_lanchi

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Mpox continues to spread in Africa and young children are experiencing the highest mpox burden and mortality of all ages. 

In this episode Kyeng Mercy, epidemiologist at Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention takes us through the continental response to mpox, the Africa CDC data on mpox in children younger than 15 years, and African priorities in response to the mpox public health emergency. 

Alongside her, Nuria Sanchez Clemente, paediatric infectious disease specialist at City St George's, University of London shares what paediatricians and clinicians need to know about how mpox presents and the latest information on mpox vaccine and therapeutic trials.

Mpox among children in Africa https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(25)00064-1/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

Hidden in plain sight: the threat of mpox to children and adolescents https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00298-0/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

Paediatric, maternal, and congenital mpox: a systematic review and meta-analysis https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(23)00607-1/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Dr Anna Giolito and Professor Naïm Ouldali join Josefine Gibson to discuss their latest research on dexamethasone for paediatric pneumococcal meningitis.

Read the full article:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(25)00029-X/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Deborah Fry from Childlight – Global Child Safety Institute talks with Amy Slogrove about the first global prevalence study of Online Childhood Sexual Exploitation and Abuse.

Read the full article here:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00329-8/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

Content warning: This conversation is about child sexual abuse. Please consider your own emotional and psychological safety do whatever you feel is needed to safeguard yourself. Behind every number is a child. If you or someone you know needs support for child sexual exploitation and abuse, or if you are concerned that you might hurt a child, please visit Child Helpline International (https://childhelplineinternational.org) or Stop It Now (https://www.stopitnow.org).

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Kathy Pritchard-Jones (University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK) joins Ali Landman in conversation about tumour staging in childhood cancer, international standardisation of health data collection, and how to improve childhood cancer survival.

Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00302-X/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Amy Slogrove, Senior Editor for The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health delves into the groundbreaking LEAPS trial with Dr. Saima Siyal from Aga Khan University and Dr. Aisha Yousafzai from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. 

Discover how this innovative program trained young women to deliver early childhood care and education in rural Pakistan, significantly improving school readiness and cognitive flexibility among children, learn about the dual benefits for both young children and youth, and explore the implications for global health and education systems.

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Professor Akash Deep joins Josefine Gibson in conversation about paediatric acute liver failure and when a critically ill child is unsuitable for liver transplantation.

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In this conversation we grapple with the complexity of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and discuss the Viewpoint published in The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health on "Asking difficult questions about fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, in the context of the child, the mother, and the systems in which they live".

Read the full Viewpoint:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(24)00188-3/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Paediatric Sepsis Series contributors Nelson Sánchez-Pinto and Luregn Schlapbach join Josefine Gibson to mark World Sepsis Day 2024.

Read the full Series:
https://www.thelancet.com/series/paediatric-sepsis?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Marisa Stahl and Edwin Liu join Amy Slogrove in conversation about their Review in The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health on coeliac disease, the commonest autoimmune disease in children, and what we can learn from prospective longitudinal studies.

Read the full Review:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(23)00232-8/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Prof Marie Claire van Hout joins Dr Josefine Gibson to discuss the rights to health of children living in prison with their primary caregiver.

Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(23)00190-6/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Miriam Beauchamp discusses the Review she lead in The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health on improving outcome after concussion in children and adolescents, how to prevent it, how to optimise outcomes when concussion events do occur and future research directions.

Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(23)00193-1/fulltext?dgcid=buzzsprout_icw_podcast_generic_lanchi

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Prof Erik Melén joins Jack Williamson to discuss the links between climate change and allergic diseases in children and adolescents.

Read the full article:
Allergies to food and airborne allergens in children and adolescents: role of epigenetics in a changing environment

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Our Youth Advisory Panel members join Jane Godsland to discuss the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on young lives.

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Our Youth Advisory Panel members Bridget Bould, Tariro Kambeu, and Chiamaka Nwachukwu join Esther Lau to discuss nutrition in children and young people.

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Our Youth Advisory Panel members Hamaiyal Sana and Egle Janusonyte join Sophia Davis to discuss gender equity in young people’s sexual and reproductive health and rights.

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Dr Zuyi Fang and Dr Ilan Cerna-Turoff join Sophia Davis to discuss the new prevalence estimates of violence against children with disabilities.

Read the full article:
Global estimates of violence against children with disabilities

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Mariesa Cay and Jaymin Upadhyay join Soph Davis to discuss childhood maltreatment and its effects on chronic pain and psychopathology, through a neurobehavioural model.

Read the full review:
Childhood maltreatment and its role in the development of pain and psychopathology

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John Leddy joins Soph Davis to discuss using light aerobic activity in the treatment of sports-related concussion in adolescents.

Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(21)00267-4/fulltext

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Ana Cristina Simões e Silva joins Esther Lau to discuss the impact of COVID-19 on children and adolescents in Brazil.

Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(21)00134-6/fulltext

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Susan Walker & Ramya Srinivasan join Jane Godsland to discuss the clinical and social risk factors for involuntary psychiatric hospitalisation in children and adolescents. 

Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(21)00089-4/fulltext

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Didier Jourdan & Nicola Gray join The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health Editor-in-chief Jane Godsland to discuss how and why child health professionals should be supporting schools to become the foundation of a healthy life. 

Read the full article:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(20)30316-3/fulltext

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Four young people from the UK share their experiences of life during the pandemic: the challenges they are facing, their worries, and their hopes for the future.

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On the 30th anniversary of the UN convention on the rights of the child, The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health and Professor Jeffrey Goldhagen discuss how to put children’s rights, justice and equity into practice.

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Jane Bell and Simon Paget discuss trends in prescription opioid dispensing in Australian children and adolescents, and Scott Hadland comments on lessons learnt from the US experience.

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