{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":0.75,"endTime":3.72,"body":"The Unique Contributions"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":0.75,"endTime":3.72,"body":"podcast is brought to you by"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":3.72,"endTime":7.53,"body":"RELX. Find out more about us by"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":3.72,"endTime":7.53,"body":"visiting relx.com."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":12.3,"endTime":15.18,"body":"But now, indeed,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":12.3,"endTime":15.18,"body":"we have really accelerated and"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":15.18,"endTime":19.62,"body":"we're using a whole range of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":15.18,"endTime":19.62,"body":"generative AI tools to check the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":19.62,"endTime":23.67,"body":"manuscript upon submission on a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":19.62,"endTime":23.67,"body":"whole range of what we call"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":23.7,"endTime":24.51,"body":"'hallmarks.'"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":41.58,"endTime":45.18,"body":"Hello and welcome to our"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":41.58,"endTime":45.18,"body":"podcast. I'm exploring today the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":45.18,"endTime":48.87,"body":"topic of scientific publishing"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":45.18,"endTime":48.87,"body":"and research integrity. Elsevier"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":48.87,"endTime":53.55,"body":"publishes 17% of the world's"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":48.87,"endTime":53.55,"body":"research output, with its 3,000"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":53.55,"endTime":56.52,"body":"journals has a unique vantage"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":53.55,"endTime":56.52,"body":"point on the debate around the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":56.94,"endTime":60.18,"body":"'pay to read' and 'pay to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":56.94,"endTime":60.18,"body":"publish' models, also more"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":60.18,"endTime":63.99,"body":"widely known as subscription or"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":60.18,"endTime":63.99,"body":"open access model. On the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":63.99,"endTime":67.41,"body":"collaborative efforts to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":63.99,"endTime":67.41,"body":"safeguard trust in science. To"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":67.41,"endTime":72.0,"body":"discuss these topics, my guest"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":67.41,"endTime":72.0,"body":"today is Laura Hassink, Managing"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":72.0,"endTime":74.79,"body":"Director of Elsevier journal."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":72.0,"endTime":74.79,"body":"Laura, welcome."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":74.85,"endTime":76.83,"body":"Thank you YS."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":74.85,"endTime":76.83,"body":"Good to be here."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":76.0,"endTime":80.14,"body":"Before we get going, how"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":76.0,"endTime":80.14,"body":"about you telling us a little"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":80.14,"endTime":81.64,"body":"bit more about yourself?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":82.0,"endTime":87.88,"body":"Sure. I joined"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":82.0,"endTime":87.88,"body":"Elsevier 28 years ago as a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":87.88,"endTime":90.97,"body":"graduate trainee. I wasn't in"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":87.88,"endTime":90.97,"body":"science, like many of my"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":90.97,"endTime":95.26,"body":"colleagues but I studied"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":90.97,"endTime":95.26,"body":"economics. Ended up at Elsevier."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":95.29,"endTime":99.19,"body":"Thought I would stay three"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":95.29,"endTime":99.19,"body":"years, but here I am after 28"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":99.22,"endTime":101.98,"body":"years and still enjoying it"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":99.22,"endTime":101.98,"body":"every day."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":102.35,"endTime":105.44,"body":"I can't believe you've"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":102.35,"endTime":105.44,"body":"been with us 28 years. I"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":105.44,"endTime":109.43,"body":"remember when I first met you 20"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":105.44,"endTime":109.43,"body":"years ago and you've had the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":109.43,"endTime":115.55,"body":"entire career. There must have"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":109.43,"endTime":115.55,"body":"been something along the way, a"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":115.55,"endTime":118.61,"body":"moment, an incident or event"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":115.55,"endTime":118.61,"body":"that helped you really make your"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":118.61,"endTime":122.54,"body":"stay in single company through"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":118.61,"endTime":122.54,"body":"your career. Can you think of"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":122.54,"endTime":122.96,"body":"something?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":123.65,"endTime":125.42,"body":"Oh yes,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":123.65,"endTime":125.42,"body":"absolutely. Because, to be"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":125.42,"endTime":128.57,"body":"honest, I was really adamant"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":125.42,"endTime":128.57,"body":"that I would leave after a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":128.57,"endTime":133.34,"body":"couple of years. But, yeah, it's"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":128.57,"endTime":133.34,"body":"really... a), it's the customers"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":133.34,"endTime":139.73,"body":"that we serve. I just enjoy that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":133.34,"endTime":139.73,"body":"every day, but it's also the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":139.88,"endTime":143.87,"body":"change that we're driving. In"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":139.88,"endTime":143.87,"body":"all those 28 years, there has"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":143.87,"endTime":149.81,"body":"been so much change in terms of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":143.87,"endTime":149.81,"body":"customer needs, more industry"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":149.81,"endTime":154.49,"body":"wide developments, but also our"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":149.81,"endTime":154.49,"body":"ability to serve customers with"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":154.49,"endTime":157.49,"body":"the help of technology."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":154.49,"endTime":157.49,"body":"Increasingly we have... every"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":157.49,"endTime":159.83,"body":"time we have also different"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":157.49,"endTime":159.83,"body":"solutions for some of the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":159.83,"endTime":163.25,"body":"problems that our customers are"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":159.83,"endTime":163.25,"body":"facing. Never a dull moment."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":163.67,"endTime":166.4,"body":"Every year there's change and"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":163.67,"endTime":166.4,"body":"new developments, and that's"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":166.4,"endTime":168.02,"body":"really what I enjoy."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":168.44,"endTime":170.51,"body":"Well, you played lots of"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":168.44,"endTime":170.51,"body":"parts and we're going to get to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":170.51,"endTime":174.86,"body":"that later on as we touch the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":170.51,"endTime":174.86,"body":"subjects. How about we start"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":174.86,"endTime":177.56,"body":"with fundamentals? Since there"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":174.86,"endTime":177.56,"body":"are people who think they know"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":177.56,"endTime":181.1,"body":"how publishing works for us at"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":177.56,"endTime":181.1,"body":"Elsevier, but there's a lot that"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":181.13,"endTime":186.71,"body":"people do not know. How about to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":181.13,"endTime":186.71,"body":"tell us, what is scientific"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":186.71,"endTime":211.52,"body":"publishing? What is the size of"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":186.71,"endTime":211.52,"body":"it to start with?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":190.05,"endTime":193.896,"body":"If I focus on"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":190.05,"endTime":193.896,"body":"Elsevier. We receive more than"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":193.983,"endTime":199.49,"body":"three and a half million article"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":193.983,"endTime":199.49,"body":"submissions last year, and out"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":199.577,"endTime":205.084,"body":"of that, we published just under"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":199.577,"endTime":205.084,"body":"25% so 720,000 articles. We do"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":205.172,"endTime":209.98,"body":"that in more than 3,000"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":205.172,"endTime":209.98,"body":"journals, and we work with more"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":210.067,"endTime":215.137,"body":"than 36,000 editors and 1.7"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":210.067,"endTime":215.137,"body":"million reviewers on an annual"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":215.224,"endTime":220.906,"body":"basis, to get all those articles"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":215.224,"endTime":220.906,"body":"peer reviewed and make sure that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":220.994,"endTime":226.326,"body":"we give them that that quality"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":220.994,"endTime":226.326,"body":"stamp, and that they end up in"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":226.413,"endTime":227.55,"body":"our journals."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":227.0,"endTime":230.36,"body":"And that represents what"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":227.0,"endTime":230.36,"body":"kind of market share?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":230.78,"endTime":235.1,"body":"It's roughly a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":230.78,"endTime":235.1,"body":"17% market share in terms of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":235.55,"endTime":239.45,"body":"research output, so article"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":235.55,"endTime":239.45,"body":"output. We also look at the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":239.45,"endTime":243.05,"body":"percentage of citations, because"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":239.45,"endTime":243.05,"body":"that's an indication of quality."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":243.38,"endTime":248.27,"body":"If we look at citations, then we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":243.38,"endTime":248.27,"body":"are accountable for about 29% of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":248.27,"endTime":249.17,"body":"the citations."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":249.29,"endTime":253.28,"body":"29%. Almost double the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":249.29,"endTime":253.28,"body":"number of articles, which means"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":253.28,"endTime":256.49,"body":"that your papers are"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":253.28,"endTime":256.49,"body":"significantly more relevant to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":256.49,"endTime":257.33,"body":"other researchers."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":257.87,"endTime":260.18,"body":"Absolutely. It"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":257.87,"endTime":260.18,"body":"really says something about our"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":260.18,"endTime":261.41,"body":"commitment to quality."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":262.4,"endTime":264.65,"body":"And all this sits on"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":262.4,"endTime":264.65,"body":"something called ScienceDirect,"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":264.65,"endTime":267.11,"body":"which you at one time, actually"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":264.65,"endTime":267.11,"body":"managed."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":267.32,"endTime":267.8,"body":"I did."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":268.49,"endTime":271.07,"body":"Tell me about the extent"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":268.49,"endTime":271.07,"body":"of ScienceDirect. Why is"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":271.07,"endTime":273.5,"body":"ScienceDirect such a awesome"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":271.07,"endTime":273.5,"body":"platform?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":273.95,"endTime":277.91,"body":"Yeah, it's really"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":273.95,"endTime":277.91,"body":"a top platform. As a researcher,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":277.91,"endTime":280.94,"body":"you can't think of any other"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":277.91,"endTime":280.94,"body":"platform where your research is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":280.94,"endTime":286.25,"body":"so visible. It's actually in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":280.94,"endTime":286.25,"body":"top 200 most visited websites"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":286.25,"endTime":290.0,"body":"globally. It has a very strong"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":286.25,"endTime":290.0,"body":"search engine optimisation"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":290.0,"endTime":295.64,"body":"position, so it's super visible."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":290.0,"endTime":295.64,"body":"But also... there's a wealth of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":295.64,"endTime":299.36,"body":"content, and what you see is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":295.64,"endTime":299.36,"body":"that... it's all trusted"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":299.36,"endTime":303.17,"body":"content. It's all peer reviewed"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":299.36,"endTime":303.17,"body":"content. And just to give you a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":303.17,"endTime":306.53,"body":"figure, last year, the content"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":303.17,"endTime":306.53,"body":"from ScienceDirect was"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":306.53,"endTime":309.47,"body":"downloaded 2.5 billion times."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":309.63,"endTime":312.48,"body":"That's amazing. Given"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":309.63,"endTime":312.48,"body":"that there are, what, estimated"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":312.48,"endTime":315.87,"body":"about 30 million researchers"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":312.48,"endTime":315.87,"body":"around the world, including even"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":315.87,"endTime":316.62,"body":"junior ones."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":316.65,"endTime":316.92,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":317.16,"endTime":321.78,"body":"That's a significant"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":317.16,"endTime":321.78,"body":"amount of usage. So, then tell"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":321.78,"endTime":325.65,"body":"me the business model behind it."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":321.78,"endTime":325.65,"body":"We hear about 'pay to read',"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":325.68,"endTime":330.24,"body":"'pay to publish', subscription,"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":325.68,"endTime":330.24,"body":"open access. Give us a one"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":330.24,"endTime":334.05,"body":"minute version of what that"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":330.24,"endTime":334.05,"body":"business model behind is."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":334.33,"endTime":337.33,"body":"Yes. We have,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":334.33,"endTime":337.33,"body":"indeed, two payment models,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":337.57,"endTime":341.71,"body":"which we refer to as 'pay to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":337.57,"endTime":341.71,"body":"read' or subscription. Or 'pay"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":341.71,"endTime":345.79,"body":"to publish', which is also"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":341.71,"endTime":345.79,"body":"referred to as open access. Pay"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":345.79,"endTime":348.61,"body":"to read is the more kind of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":345.79,"endTime":348.61,"body":"traditional model that has been"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":348.61,"endTime":351.91,"body":"around longer, and that is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":348.61,"endTime":351.91,"body":"actually where, as a customer,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":353.08,"endTime":357.49,"body":"often an academic institution,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":353.08,"endTime":357.49,"body":"you pay for a subscription to a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":357.49,"endTime":360.94,"body":"particular journal or collection"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":357.49,"endTime":360.94,"body":"of journals. That's... to the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":360.94,"endTime":363.97,"body":"whole of ScienceDirect, and then"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":360.94,"endTime":363.97,"body":"you have access to those"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":364.0,"endTime":367.27,"body":"articles. It also means that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":364.0,"endTime":367.27,"body":"authors in those articles, they"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":367.27,"endTime":371.17,"body":"can publish for free. The costs"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":367.27,"endTime":371.17,"body":"are covered by the subscription"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":371.2,"endTime":374.86,"body":"payments. The other model that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":371.2,"endTime":374.86,"body":"we have is 'paid to publish' or"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":374.86,"endTime":379.27,"body":"open access. There, the author"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":374.86,"endTime":379.27,"body":"pays an APC, an article"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":379.27,"endTime":383.23,"body":"processing fee, at the point of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":379.27,"endTime":383.23,"body":"acceptance of the article, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":383.23,"endTime":388.6,"body":"then the article is available"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":383.23,"endTime":388.6,"body":"for free to everyone to read. We"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":388.6,"endTime":392.14,"body":"are actually agnostic. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":388.6,"endTime":392.14,"body":"there's different preferences"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":392.47,"endTime":396.58,"body":"amongst funders, institutions"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":392.47,"endTime":396.58,"body":"and researchers, and we serve"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":396.61,"endTime":396.94,"body":"both."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":397.14,"endTime":401.88,"body":"customers. I"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":397.14,"endTime":401.88,"body":"always say, every author should"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":401.88,"endTime":407.46,"body":"be able to publish in our"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":401.88,"endTime":407.46,"body":"journals regardless of any right"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":407.46,"endTime":413.19,"body":"requirements they have from"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":407.46,"endTime":413.19,"body":"funders or institutions or"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":413.19,"endTime":417.72,"body":"preferences. That's why we are"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":413.19,"endTime":417.72,"body":"agnostic, and that's why we are"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":417.96,"endTime":419.04,"body":"offering choice."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":419.82,"endTime":423.45,"body":"Let's talk about the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":419.82,"endTime":423.45,"body":"second model that's more recent,"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":423.45,"endTime":424.95,"body":"you say. Pay to publish model."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":425.47,"endTime":430.42,"body":"Yeah. Last year,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":425.47,"endTime":430.42,"body":"we published over 250,000 open"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":430.42,"endTime":434.86,"body":"access articles. That's actually"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":430.42,"endTime":434.86,"body":"a 30% increase compared to the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":434.86,"endTime":439.84,"body":"year before, that's a steep"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":434.86,"endTime":439.84,"body":"increase. We now have over 900"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":440.38,"endTime":445.48,"body":"full open access journals. We"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":440.38,"endTime":445.48,"body":"have been launching quite a lot"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":445.48,"endTime":448.39,"body":"of full open access journals,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":445.48,"endTime":448.39,"body":"and the reason for that is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":448.39,"endTime":451.78,"body":"because we, where we saw that we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":448.39,"endTime":451.78,"body":"were offering sufficient choice"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":451.78,"endTime":454.87,"body":"in our kind of our subscription"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":451.78,"endTime":454.87,"body":"titles, our hybrid subscription"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":454.87,"endTime":459.34,"body":"titles, we were not doing so on"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":454.87,"endTime":459.34,"body":"the open access side. We want to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":459.34,"endTime":461.95,"body":"offer again... we want to offer"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":459.34,"endTime":461.95,"body":"that choice. That's why we have"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":461.95,"endTime":465.13,"body":"been launching quite a number of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":461.95,"endTime":465.13,"body":"titles, to really provide that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":465.13,"endTime":469.15,"body":"range in the different"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":465.13,"endTime":469.15,"body":"disciplines, quality tiers, etc."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":469.57,"endTime":471.31,"body":"And so it's really"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":469.57,"endTime":471.31,"body":"demand driven."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":471.67,"endTime":473.11,"body":"Yes, it is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":471.67,"endTime":473.11,"body":"absolutely."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":473.2,"endTime":476.17,"body":"Right, and where is that"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":473.2,"endTime":476.17,"body":"demand, particularly coming"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":476.17,"endTime":480.25,"body":"from, in particular field of"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":476.17,"endTime":480.25,"body":"science or particular geography"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":480.49,"endTime":482.47,"body":"or particular type of research?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":483.43,"endTime":487.0,"body":"It's particular"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":483.43,"endTime":487.0,"body":"type of geography. What we see"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":487.18,"endTime":490.6,"body":"in Europe, there's a big"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":487.18,"endTime":490.6,"body":"appetite for open access. But"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":490.6,"endTime":494.08,"body":"also it's coming in parts of the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":490.6,"endTime":494.08,"body":"United States, but actually we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":494.08,"endTime":498.25,"body":"also see some pockets in Asia,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":494.08,"endTime":498.25,"body":"although less overall. It also"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":498.25,"endTime":502.57,"body":"differs from discipline to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":498.25,"endTime":502.57,"body":"discipline. There are, for"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":502.57,"endTime":506.41,"body":"example, disciplines where"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":502.57,"endTime":506.41,"body":"there's less funding in general,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":506.41,"endTime":509.89,"body":"and there you see a lower"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":506.41,"endTime":509.89,"body":"appetite for open access. For"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":509.89,"endTime":512.59,"body":"example, around mathematics. It"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":509.89,"endTime":512.59,"body":"doesn't mean that there's no"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":512.59,"endTime":516.55,"body":"appetite for open access, but it"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":512.59,"endTime":516.55,"body":"differs from discipline to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":516.55,"endTime":517.06,"body":"discipline."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":517.6,"endTime":521.77,"body":"Right. Now as this"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":517.6,"endTime":521.77,"body":"volume grows, Laura, there's"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":521.77,"endTime":530.02,"body":"clearly concern that the quality"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":521.77,"endTime":530.02,"body":"control may be at risk, and the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":530.02,"endTime":533.41,"body":"fancy word we use in the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":530.02,"endTime":533.41,"body":"industry is research integrity."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":534.34,"endTime":537.13,"body":"What can you tell us about your"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":534.34,"endTime":537.13,"body":"concern around research"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":537.13,"endTime":541.51,"body":"integrity? Then we'll deal with"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":537.13,"endTime":541.51,"body":"how we're tackling it next."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":542.11,"endTime":544.9,"body":"We have very"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":542.11,"endTime":544.9,"body":"strict guidelines and policies"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":544.9,"endTime":548.53,"body":"around, the do's and don'ts"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":544.9,"endTime":548.53,"body":"around scientific publishing."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":549.13,"endTime":553.15,"body":"We've always had instances where"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":549.13,"endTime":553.15,"body":"authors in particular were not"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":553.15,"endTime":555.82,"body":"kind of following those"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":553.15,"endTime":555.82,"body":"guidelines. That's indeed what"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":555.82,"endTime":559.69,"body":"we then refer to as a breach to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":555.82,"endTime":559.69,"body":"our research integrity"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":559.69,"endTime":564.01,"body":"guidelines. We've always had"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":559.69,"endTime":564.01,"body":"that at a small scale. What we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":564.01,"endTime":566.23,"body":"see now is that, what is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":564.01,"endTime":566.23,"body":"happening in the publishing"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":566.23,"endTime":568.63,"body":"industry is similar to what is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":566.23,"endTime":568.63,"body":"already happening in other"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":568.63,"endTime":575.41,"body":"industries for years. And that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":568.63,"endTime":575.41,"body":"is that we see online fraud at a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":575.41,"endTime":580.45,"body":"larger scale. I think that's"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":575.41,"endTime":580.45,"body":"inevitable, but it's something"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":580.45,"endTime":584.11,"body":"we need to deal with, because we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":580.45,"endTime":584.11,"body":"have a major responsibility as a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":584.11,"endTime":587.56,"body":"scientific publisher, to make"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":584.11,"endTime":587.56,"body":"sure that what we publish can be"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":587.56,"endTime":590.98,"body":"trusted, and that means that we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":587.56,"endTime":590.98,"body":"have been, really been stepping"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":590.98,"endTime":594.88,"body":"up to indeed tackle that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":590.98,"endTime":594.88,"body":"increasing issue."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":594.0,"endTime":600.33,"body":"These issues may be"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":594.0,"endTime":600.33,"body":"easiest to understand for our"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":600.33,"endTime":605.64,"body":"audience, by giving one example"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":600.33,"endTime":605.64,"body":"of a fraudulent or dishonest"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":605.64,"endTime":606.48,"body":"publication."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":606.87,"endTime":609.57,"body":"I'm happy to give"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":606.87,"endTime":609.57,"body":"an example, but I think I should"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":609.57,"endTime":615.0,"body":"also explain that there's a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":609.57,"endTime":615.0,"body":"whole range of issue... research"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":615.0,"endTime":619.08,"body":"integrity issues. It's not just"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":615.0,"endTime":619.08,"body":"one particular kind of concern"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":619.08,"endTime":621.36,"body":"that we see. There's also"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":619.08,"endTime":621.36,"body":"different actors, and we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":621.69,"endTime":627.0,"body":"identify them from ignorant"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":621.69,"endTime":627.0,"body":"authors who... often younger"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":627.51,"endTime":632.25,"body":"researchers who just don't know"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":627.51,"endTime":632.25,"body":"the rules of the road and make a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":632.25,"endTime":636.57,"body":"mistake. Then we also see"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":632.25,"endTime":636.57,"body":"individuals. These can be"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":636.6,"endTime":640.77,"body":"authors, sometimes also"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":636.6,"endTime":640.77,"body":"reviewers or editors who are not"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":640.8,"endTime":643.26,"body":"ignorant and intentionally..."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":644.52,"endTime":645.54,"body":"Bend the rules."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":645.6,"endTime":648.12,"body":"Bend the rules,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":645.6,"endTime":648.12,"body":"sorry yes. And then all the way"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":648.36,"endTime":653.88,"body":"to... well, fraudulent companies"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":648.36,"endTime":653.88,"body":"who have a business model."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":654.24,"endTime":657.51,"body":"So you're talking about"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":654.24,"endTime":657.51,"body":"organised crime, almost."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":657.66,"endTime":658.95,"body":"Absolutely, yes."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":659.01,"endTime":659.49,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":659.84,"endTime":662.03,"body":"And sometimes"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":659.84,"endTime":662.03,"body":"these companies also referred to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":662.03,"endTime":666.23,"body":"as paper mills. Clearly we treat"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":662.03,"endTime":666.23,"body":"these different, these three"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":666.23,"endTime":670.85,"body":"different actors in different"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":666.23,"endTime":670.85,"body":"ways. Then back to your question"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":670.85,"endTime":675.29,"body":"to give an example, one example,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":670.85,"endTime":675.29,"body":"what we see happening. For"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":675.29,"endTime":678.86,"body":"example, where authorships are"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":675.29,"endTime":678.86,"body":"for sale."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":679.07,"endTime":682.01,"body":"Yes, how about"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":679.07,"endTime":682.01,"body":"explaining that to people who"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":682.01,"endTime":685.01,"body":"don't know what it means to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":682.01,"endTime":685.01,"body":"actually sell authorship?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":685.66,"endTime":687.91,"body":"Yeah, so it's"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":685.66,"endTime":687.91,"body":"important as a researcher that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":687.91,"endTime":691.84,"body":"you publish, because that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":687.91,"endTime":691.84,"body":"advances your career. In some"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":691.84,"endTime":696.01,"body":"cases, there is unrealistic"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":691.84,"endTime":696.01,"body":"pressure on researchers to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":696.07,"endTime":699.67,"body":"publish. Where they do not have"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":696.07,"endTime":699.67,"body":"either the funds or the time to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":699.67,"endTime":703.57,"body":"actually do their own research"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":699.67,"endTime":703.57,"body":"and publish an article. Then"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":703.57,"endTime":706.93,"body":"there's now the option to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":703.57,"endTime":706.93,"body":"actually buy an authorship, that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":706.93,"endTime":710.5,"body":"means that these fraudulent"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":706.93,"endTime":710.5,"body":"companies, they sometimes, they"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":710.5,"endTime":713.47,"body":"produce an article which is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":710.5,"endTime":713.47,"body":"fake, but sometimes it's a real"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":713.47,"endTime":717.49,"body":"article but then they add a fake"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":713.47,"endTime":717.49,"body":"author. Then actually, that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":717.52,"endTime":720.91,"body":"authorship position is for sale,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":717.52,"endTime":720.91,"body":"they try to sell it and that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":720.91,"endTime":723.55,"body":"means what we see. That's"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":720.91,"endTime":723.55,"body":"difficult to detect. So that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":723.55,"endTime":727.09,"body":"means, for example, that after"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":723.55,"endTime":727.09,"body":"submission of the article... of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":727.09,"endTime":730.81,"body":"course, the article goes through"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":727.09,"endTime":730.81,"body":"peer review. It means different"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":730.81,"endTime":734.38,"body":"versions of the article. That"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":730.81,"endTime":734.38,"body":"can mean that in practice then,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":734.38,"endTime":738.49,"body":"at some point in that peer"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":734.38,"endTime":738.49,"body":"review process, an author is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":738.52,"endTime":742.3,"body":"added. As you can imagine, on"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":738.52,"endTime":742.3,"body":"some articles, we have sometimes"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":742.33,"endTime":747.04,"body":"20 or 30 authors. To catch that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":742.33,"endTime":747.04,"body":"with the human eye, that one"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":747.07,"endTime":749.23,"body":"author was added. It's not so"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":747.07,"endTime":749.23,"body":"easy."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":749.32,"endTime":751.96,"body":"Then you use technology"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":749.32,"endTime":751.96,"body":"to catch those things."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":751.99,"endTime":752.77,"body":"Absolutely."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":753.1,"endTime":756.52,"body":"Let's talk about that"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":753.1,"endTime":756.52,"body":"technology. There are some"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":756.55,"endTime":759.67,"body":"probably basic stuff that we've"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":756.55,"endTime":759.67,"body":"been doing for a long time, but"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":759.85,"endTime":764.59,"body":"lately I hear that you're coming"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":759.85,"endTime":764.59,"body":"up with significantly more"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":764.62,"endTime":768.43,"body":"enhanced technology tools. Some"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":764.62,"endTime":768.43,"body":"may even call it AI tools."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":768.72,"endTime":770.94,"body":"Yeah. Indeed, for"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":768.72,"endTime":770.94,"body":"a long time, we already had kind"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":770.94,"endTime":773.46,"body":"of the basic tools. For example,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":770.94,"endTime":773.46,"body":"for years already ,we're"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":773.49,"endTime":777.84,"body":"checking all submissions on"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":773.49,"endTime":777.84,"body":"plagiarism, for example, and we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":777.84,"endTime":780.87,"body":"have a tool for that. But now,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":777.84,"endTime":780.87,"body":"indeed, we have really"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":780.9,"endTime":784.68,"body":"accelerated, and we're using a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":780.9,"endTime":784.68,"body":"whole range of generative AI"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":784.68,"endTime":788.76,"body":"tools to check the manuscript"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":784.68,"endTime":788.76,"body":"upon submission, on a whole"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":788.76,"endTime":793.35,"body":"range of what we call hallmarks."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":788.76,"endTime":793.35,"body":"Signals that are all an"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":793.77,"endTime":796.62,"body":"indication that there might be"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":793.77,"endTime":796.62,"body":"potentially something wrong with"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":796.62,"endTime":799.83,"body":"the manuscript. We're now"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":796.62,"endTime":799.83,"body":"rolling out these different"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":799.83,"endTime":805.05,"body":"hallmarks one by one, and make"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":799.83,"endTime":805.05,"body":"sure that all other article"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":805.05,"endTime":809.4,"body":"submissions are checked against"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":805.05,"endTime":809.4,"body":"those hallmarks, even before"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":809.4,"endTime":813.18,"body":"they are sent to our editors for"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":809.4,"endTime":813.18,"body":"peer review. To give you other"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":813.18,"endTime":817.59,"body":"examples, we're looking at, are"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":813.18,"endTime":817.59,"body":"the citations relevant? But"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":817.59,"endTime":821.67,"body":"we're also looking at authors,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":817.59,"endTime":821.67,"body":"reviewers. Are they who they say"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":821.67,"endTime":822.09,"body":"they are?"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":822.12,"endTime":822.66,"body":"Right."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":823.47,"endTime":825.48,"body":"There's a lot of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":823.47,"endTime":825.48,"body":"different things that we check."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":826.23,"endTime":829.65,"body":"Right. We've been doing"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":826.23,"endTime":829.65,"body":"data analytics for a very long"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":829.65,"endTime":834.06,"body":"time at Elsevier and these tools"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":829.65,"endTime":834.06,"body":"have been deployed. But I guess"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":834.39,"endTime":838.65,"body":"the availability of GenAI tools"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":834.39,"endTime":838.65,"body":"is just so easy to apply, isn't"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":838.65,"endTime":841.74,"body":"it, for mostly text based"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":838.65,"endTime":841.74,"body":"process that you have?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":842.46,"endTime":845.85,"body":"Absolutely and I"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":842.46,"endTime":845.85,"body":"think that's also the benefit of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":845.85,"endTime":850.23,"body":"being part of a company like"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":845.85,"endTime":850.23,"body":"Elsevier and RELX where, we have"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":850.23,"endTime":852.96,"body":"so much knowledge in house,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":850.23,"endTime":852.96,"body":"which is really helpful now."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":854.34,"endTime":856.35,"body":"Indeed, of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":854.34,"endTime":856.35,"body":"course. I mean, our colleagues"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":856.35,"endTime":867.27,"body":"in Risk have been dealing with"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":856.35,"endTime":867.27,"body":"this for a long time. They're"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":867.27,"endTime":870.96,"body":"experts on this. So yes, indeed"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":867.27,"endTime":870.96,"body":"we have, we're in contact with"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":870.96,"endTime":872.16,"body":"them to learn from them."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":872.64,"endTime":876.72,"body":"There's one other aspect"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":872.64,"endTime":876.72,"body":"of research integrity that I"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":876.72,"endTime":880.83,"body":"know you pay a lot of attention"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":876.72,"endTime":880.83,"body":"to, and that is the importance"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":880.86,"endTime":882.84,"body":"of editorial independence."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":882.87,"endTime":883.41,"body":"Yes."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":883.62,"endTime":888.6,"body":"And how that really is"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":883.62,"endTime":888.6,"body":"directly linked to the trust"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":888.6,"endTime":890.79,"body":"factor. Tell us a little bit"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":888.6,"endTime":890.79,"body":"about that."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":891.41,"endTime":894.2,"body":"Yeah, editorial"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":891.41,"endTime":894.2,"body":"independence is extremely"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":894.2,"endTime":897.86,"body":"important. That means that we as"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":894.2,"endTime":897.86,"body":"a publisher don't take any"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":897.86,"endTime":901.37,"body":"decisions on which articles are"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":897.86,"endTime":901.37,"body":"accepted or not. That is really"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":901.37,"endTime":905.42,"body":"with our editors who are"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":901.37,"endTime":905.42,"body":"independent. That is for us,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":905.42,"endTime":908.21,"body":"really important. That also"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":905.42,"endTime":908.21,"body":"means, for example, that where"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":908.21,"endTime":912.62,"body":"we apply this technology on"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":908.21,"endTime":912.62,"body":"research integrity, that we will"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":912.62,"endTime":916.67,"body":"make recommendations, but that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":912.62,"endTime":916.67,"body":"the ultimate decisions are taken"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":916.67,"endTime":921.92,"body":"by our editors. We use, in"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":916.67,"endTime":921.92,"body":"general, we use our technology"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":921.92,"endTime":925.37,"body":"to make it easier for our"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":921.92,"endTime":925.37,"body":"editors and our reviewers to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":925.37,"endTime":929.0,"body":"make decisions, but we will not"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":925.37,"endTime":929.0,"body":"make those decisions for them."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":929.48,"endTime":932.18,"body":"Right. You give them the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":929.48,"endTime":932.18,"body":"tools, but you don't make the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":932.18,"endTime":932.93,"body":"decisions"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":933.47,"endTime":934.1,"body":"Exactly."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":934.73,"endTime":938.42,"body":"Now, when things go"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":934.73,"endTime":938.42,"body":"wrong, what is the process that"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":938.45,"endTime":944.63,"body":"you and the industry uses to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":938.45,"endTime":944.63,"body":"reverse what is being wrong?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":945.8,"endTime":947.75,"body":"Yeah, that's a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":945.8,"endTime":947.75,"body":"good question, because"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":947.75,"endTime":952.79,"body":"unfortunately, we're still not"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":947.75,"endTime":952.79,"body":"able to catch everything. We"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":952.79,"endTime":955.88,"body":"have been publishing articles in"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":952.79,"endTime":955.88,"body":"the past when we did not have"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":955.88,"endTime":957.41,"body":"the tools that we have now."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":957.44,"endTime":958.25,"body":"Right."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":958.0,"endTime":961.87,"body":"Retraction. Complete retraction"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":958.0,"endTime":961.87,"body":"from the records of science."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":958.11,"endTime":960.881,"body":"Some of those"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":958.11,"endTime":960.881,"body":"articles have issues, where you"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":960.942,"endTime":964.822,"body":"have concerns. And only because"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":960.942,"endTime":964.822,"body":"we have better tools now, these"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":961.0,"endTime":970.796,"body":"Yes, and what you will see..."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":961.0,"endTime":970.796,"body":"and you also see that, not only"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":964.884,"endTime":968.763,"body":"come to light. That means that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":964.884,"endTime":968.763,"body":"we take... every article that is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":968.825,"endTime":972.274,"body":"brought to our attention, or"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":968.825,"endTime":972.274,"body":"that we kind of... where we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":970.957,"endTime":981.396,"body":"with Elsevier actually, with all"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":970.957,"endTime":981.396,"body":"the publishers as well. You will"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":972.335,"endTime":976.338,"body":"ourselves, because we're doing a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":972.335,"endTime":976.338,"body":"lot of investigations ourselves."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":976.4,"endTime":979.848,"body":"Also on the on kind of now"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":976.4,"endTime":979.848,"body":"published content, because we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":979.91,"endTime":983.666,"body":"have these better tools. Every"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":979.91,"endTime":983.666,"body":"article is that. Every article"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":981.556,"endTime":991.032,"body":"see more retractions. Already,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":981.556,"endTime":991.032,"body":"you saw more rejections last"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":983.728,"endTime":987.177,"body":"where we have a concern, or"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":983.728,"endTime":987.177,"body":"where there is a concern, we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":987.238,"endTime":990.564,"body":"will start an investigation."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":987.238,"endTime":990.564,"body":"What is going on? What is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":990.625,"endTime":994.443,"body":"happening? If we get complaints,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":990.625,"endTime":994.443,"body":"are those legitimate? We will"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":991.192,"endTime":1000.186,"body":"year and you will see more"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":991.192,"endTime":1000.186,"body":"retractions this year. If you"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":994.505,"endTime":998.015,"body":"also kind of go back to the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":994.505,"endTime":998.015,"body":"author to hear their point of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":998.077,"endTime":1001.587,"body":"view, and then again, based on"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":998.077,"endTime":1001.587,"body":"that investigation. That's"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1000.347,"endTime":1009.822,"body":"look into it, you'll see that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1000.347,"endTime":1009.822,"body":"most of those retractions are"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1001.649,"endTime":1005.22,"body":"really thorough, and can take,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1001.649,"endTime":1005.22,"body":"in some cases, quite a long"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1005.282,"endTime":1009.1,"body":"time. Then our editors will take"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1005.282,"endTime":1009.1,"body":"a decision on what to do with"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1009.162,"endTime":1012.795,"body":"that article, and it could be"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1009.162,"endTime":1012.795,"body":"that it requires a correction"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1009.983,"endTime":1019.137,"body":"really also from older content,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1009.983,"endTime":1019.137,"body":"and that's really because"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1012.857,"endTime":1016.86,"body":"and in some cases, the decision"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1012.857,"endTime":1016.86,"body":"is taken to retract that article."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1019.297,"endTime":1029.094,"body":"there's a bit of cleanup going"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1019.297,"endTime":1029.094,"body":"on. In my mind, that is really"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1029.255,"endTime":1038.73,"body":"important, because that means"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1029.255,"endTime":1038.73,"body":"that, we are, were needed. We"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1038.891,"endTime":1048.045,"body":"correct that scientific record,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1038.891,"endTime":1048.045,"body":"and that ensures that the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1048.205,"endTime":1057.36,"body":"readers can really trust what"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1048.205,"endTime":1057.36,"body":"they find on our platforms."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1057.54,"endTime":1062.1,"body":"Right, right. One last"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1057.54,"endTime":1062.1,"body":"question on this subject. Once"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1062.13,"endTime":1068.97,"body":"an individual is determined by"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1062.13,"endTime":1068.97,"body":"the editorial board that she or"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1068.97,"endTime":1073.68,"body":"he has committed an error in the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1068.97,"endTime":1073.68,"body":"paper and the paper is"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1073.68,"endTime":1079.41,"body":"retracted. Whose responsibility"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1073.68,"endTime":1079.41,"body":"is it, Laura, that has"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1079.41,"endTime":1083.58,"body":"consequence to the researcher?"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1079.41,"endTime":1083.58,"body":"Because we don't have, from"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1083.64,"endTime":1088.35,"body":"everything I know, a black list"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1083.64,"endTime":1088.35,"body":"of authors that cannot publish."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1088.65,"endTime":1091.95,"body":"We don't do that. Do you think"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1088.65,"endTime":1091.95,"body":"that the institution that houses"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1091.95,"endTime":1096.06,"body":"them should discipline these"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1091.95,"endTime":1096.06,"body":"people in their own institution?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1097.32,"endTime":1099.78,"body":"Well, depending"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1097.32,"endTime":1099.78,"body":"on the on the mistake that was"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1099.78,"endTime":1103.74,"body":"made. Again, there's no one size"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1099.78,"endTime":1103.74,"body":"fits all. If it was"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1103.8,"endTime":1109.14,"body":"unintentionally and it was, the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1103.8,"endTime":1109.14,"body":"author has apologised. It really"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1109.14,"endTime":1113.43,"body":"requires a tailor made approach,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1109.14,"endTime":1113.43,"body":"to see how best to discipline."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1114.66,"endTime":1118.86,"body":"In some cases, it was an"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1114.66,"endTime":1118.86,"body":"ignorant author who made a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1118.86,"endTime":1123.6,"body":"mistake. I don't think that it"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1118.86,"endTime":1123.6,"body":"then justifies, putting that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1123.6,"endTime":1128.97,"body":"career at stake. There's"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1123.6,"endTime":1128.97,"body":"definitely a responsibility for"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1128.97,"endTime":1131.46,"body":"the universities, for the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1128.97,"endTime":1131.46,"body":"research institutions, also for"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1131.46,"endTime":1136.11,"body":"the funders. I actually think it"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1131.46,"endTime":1136.11,"body":"already starts earlier on in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1136.11,"endTime":1140.13,"body":"process. I think there's a real"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1136.11,"endTime":1140.13,"body":"responsibility, a), to educate"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1140.13,"endTime":1144.99,"body":"people about do's and don'ts,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1140.13,"endTime":1144.99,"body":"but it's also about making sure"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1144.99,"endTime":1148.47,"body":"that there's a healthy kind of"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1144.99,"endTime":1148.47,"body":"research ecosystem. In some"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1148.47,"endTime":1151.65,"body":"cases, I think the burden on"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1148.47,"endTime":1151.65,"body":"researchers is huge. Their"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1151.65,"endTime":1156.39,"body":"expectations are not realistic,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1151.65,"endTime":1156.39,"body":"and that is what results in this"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1156.42,"endTime":1159.72,"body":"behaviour, in the increase in"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1156.42,"endTime":1159.72,"body":"research integrity issues. I"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1159.72,"endTime":1162.33,"body":"think we also need to tackle"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1159.72,"endTime":1162.33,"body":"that, and that requires an"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1162.33,"endTime":1164.7,"body":"action from universities and"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1162.33,"endTime":1164.7,"body":"funders."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1164.73,"endTime":1168.69,"body":"Yeah, but I understand"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1164.73,"endTime":1168.69,"body":"that it is not publishers duty"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1168.69,"endTime":1171.06,"body":"to do so, nor the authority to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1168.69,"endTime":1171.06,"body":"do so."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1171.6,"endTime":1175.74,"body":"No, although, I"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1171.6,"endTime":1175.74,"body":"do feel there's something that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1175.95,"endTime":1180.27,"body":"where we also have a collective"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1175.95,"endTime":1180.27,"body":"responsibility. This is really"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1180.27,"endTime":1183.21,"body":"an area where we work very"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1180.27,"endTime":1183.21,"body":"closely with, indeed, research"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1183.21,"endTime":1186.69,"body":"institutions and funders and"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1183.21,"endTime":1186.69,"body":"policy makers and industry"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1186.69,"endTime":1191.55,"body":"bodies to really work"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1186.69,"endTime":1191.55,"body":"collectively on, educating,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1191.58,"endTime":1194.97,"body":"preventing, but also, detecting,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1191.58,"endTime":1194.97,"body":"when it went wrong."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1195.6,"endTime":1199.59,"body":"Right and I know how"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1195.6,"endTime":1199.59,"body":"much energy you and many of your"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1199.59,"endTime":1203.49,"body":"colleagues are involved in"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1199.59,"endTime":1203.49,"body":"industry organisations to set"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1203.49,"endTime":1208.95,"body":"standards, to create, a working"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1203.49,"endTime":1208.95,"body":"guidelines that are consistent."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1209.76,"endTime":1211.83,"body":"Yeah, because"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1209.76,"endTime":1211.83,"body":"that is really important."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1211.93,"endTime":1215.62,"body":"Yeah and you educate"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1211.93,"endTime":1215.62,"body":"your editors, your researchers"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1215.8,"endTime":1220.09,"body":"and our institutions about our"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1215.8,"endTime":1220.09,"body":"guidelines clearly to them, so"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1220.09,"endTime":1223.54,"body":"that they do agree with them and"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1220.09,"endTime":1223.54,"body":"follow them. I know it's a"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1223.54,"endTime":1227.92,"body":"herculean effort, but it's one"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1223.54,"endTime":1227.92,"body":"that is definitely worthy of"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1227.92,"endTime":1228.34,"body":"doing."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1228.58,"endTime":1230.14,"body":"Yeah, I couldn't"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1228.58,"endTime":1230.14,"body":"agree more, yeah."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1231.07,"endTime":1233.41,"body":"We've been talking about"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1231.07,"endTime":1233.41,"body":"the author side. Let's touch"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1233.41,"endTime":1237.64,"body":"very briefly on the reader side."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1233.41,"endTime":1237.64,"body":"You've given lots of options,"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1237.64,"endTime":1240.52,"body":"right? You said that you're"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1237.64,"endTime":1240.52,"body":"agnostic to how they want to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1240.52,"endTime":1244.78,"body":"publish in which business model."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1240.52,"endTime":1244.78,"body":"What about then the reader side?"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1245.11,"endTime":1248.05,"body":"In order to have true trust in"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1245.11,"endTime":1248.05,"body":"science, we need to make sure"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1248.05,"endTime":1252.61,"body":"that researchers can get access"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1248.05,"endTime":1252.61,"body":"to read, prior research work on"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1252.61,"endTime":1256.54,"body":"which they build further"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1252.61,"endTime":1256.54,"body":"research. What do we do to try"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1256.54,"endTime":1261.79,"body":"to do more access driven options"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1256.54,"endTime":1261.79,"body":"for readers?"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1262.2,"endTime":1266.46,"body":"Yeah, every"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1262.2,"endTime":1266.46,"body":"payment model has kind of its"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1266.46,"endTime":1270.45,"body":"limitations in terms of, for"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1266.46,"endTime":1270.45,"body":"authors to publish or readers to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1270.45,"endTime":1274.29,"body":"read. We indeed have various"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1270.45,"endTime":1274.29,"body":"initiatives to try to overcome"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1274.29,"endTime":1279.42,"body":"those limitations. One on the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1274.29,"endTime":1279.42,"body":"reading side is, for example, we"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1279.42,"endTime":1282.21,"body":"are a member of Research4Lif."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1279.42,"endTime":1282.21,"body":"We're actually a founding"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1282.21,"endTime":1286.29,"body":"member. An initiative that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1282.21,"endTime":1286.29,"body":"provides developing countries"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1286.32,"endTime":1291.3,"body":"with free or low cost access to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1286.32,"endTime":1291.3,"body":"our peer reviewed content. That"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1291.3,"endTime":1294.06,"body":"is really important, and that is"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1291.3,"endTime":1294.06,"body":"really an initiative that, for"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1294.06,"endTime":1298.89,"body":"years already, really helps"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1294.06,"endTime":1298.89,"body":"researchers in those countries"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1298.89,"endTime":1300.51,"body":"to actually read our content."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1300.0,"endTime":1303.989,"body":"I mean, that has started"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1300.0,"endTime":1303.989,"body":"back in 2002 with Elsevier"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1304.067,"endTime":1308.057,"body":"Health, and I remember it"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1304.067,"endTime":1308.057,"body":"starting only with health"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1308.135,"endTime":1312.359,"body":"related stuff, and then"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1308.135,"endTime":1312.359,"body":"agriculture related stuff, and"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1312.438,"endTime":1316.896,"body":"then finally, environment"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1312.438,"endTime":1316.896,"body":"related stuff. And then we made"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1316.975,"endTime":1321.668,"body":"a decision to open all subject"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1316.975,"endTime":1321.668,"body":"areas, and not only journals,"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1321.747,"endTime":1325.501,"body":"but also books, and"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1321.747,"endTime":1325.501,"body":"subsequently, all the tools."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1325.58,"endTime":1326.91,"body":"Which is amazing."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1327.06,"endTime":1327.75,"body":"Yes."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1327.87,"endTime":1330.45,"body":"Tell us a little bit"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1327.87,"endTime":1330.45,"body":"about the usage of it by this"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1330.45,"endTime":1334.47,"body":"community of country researchers"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1330.45,"endTime":1334.47,"body":"that are in developing"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1334.47,"endTime":1335.01,"body":"countries."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1335.28,"endTime":1337.47,"body":"Well, there is a"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1335.28,"endTime":1337.47,"body":"lot of good research being done"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1337.47,"endTime":1341.52,"body":"in these countries. We actually"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1337.47,"endTime":1341.52,"body":"see that also coming back in"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1341.52,"endTime":1344.7,"body":"kind of the articles they are"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1341.52,"endTime":1344.7,"body":"submitting. It really enables"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1344.7,"endTime":1349.08,"body":"them to actually do science"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1344.7,"endTime":1349.08,"body":"which is really important. Often"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1349.08,"endTime":1352.2,"body":"also, science which is important"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1349.08,"endTime":1352.2,"body":"to that particular country."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1352.26,"endTime":1356.25,"body":"That's right. I mean, I"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1352.26,"endTime":1356.25,"body":"travelled to Africa and see"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1356.25,"endTime":1359.94,"body":"these institutions that would"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1356.25,"endTime":1359.94,"body":"otherwise have zero access, and"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1359.94,"endTime":1363.63,"body":"yet they get to read everything"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1359.94,"endTime":1363.63,"body":"that the so called richer"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1363.63,"endTime":1367.32,"body":"nations researchers can get"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1363.63,"endTime":1367.32,"body":"access to, and at the same time,"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1367.53,"endTime":1370.83,"body":"not delayed. I think it's"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1367.53,"endTime":1370.83,"body":"terrific programme that Elsevier"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1370.83,"endTime":1374.7,"body":"have started in the industry and"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1370.83,"endTime":1374.7,"body":"I hope it goes on for forever."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1375.69,"endTime":1379.41,"body":"Well, Laura, you know that you"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1375.69,"endTime":1379.41,"body":"and I can talk about publishing"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1379.41,"endTime":1384.0,"body":"forever, having been in this"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1379.41,"endTime":1384.0,"body":"thing for over 30 years. But I"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1384.0,"endTime":1387.6,"body":"really appreciate the insights"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1384.0,"endTime":1387.6,"body":"you have shared with us today. I"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1387.6,"endTime":1390.33,"body":"do have one more question on a"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1387.6,"endTime":1390.33,"body":"personal front, and then I'm"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1390.33,"endTime":1391.74,"body":"going to try to wrap it up."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1391.77,"endTime":1392.25,"body":"Sure."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1392.43,"endTime":1396.39,"body":"Tell me, Laura, is there"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1392.43,"endTime":1396.39,"body":"one moment of real happy"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1396.39,"endTime":1399.78,"body":"surprise along your professional"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1396.39,"endTime":1399.78,"body":"journey? Because not only have"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1399.78,"endTime":1402.69,"body":"you been on the publishing side"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1399.78,"endTime":1402.69,"body":"recently, but you were in"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1402.69,"endTime":1406.11,"body":"publishing innovation side,"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1402.69,"endTime":1406.11,"body":"transformation side, you were on"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1406.11,"endTime":1411.03,"body":"the product side and many other"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1406.11,"endTime":1411.03,"body":"areas across the company."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1412.23,"endTime":1414.57,"body":"What I continue"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1412.23,"endTime":1414.57,"body":"to be amazed and really"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1414.57,"endTime":1418.41,"body":"positively surprised is what the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1414.57,"endTime":1418.41,"body":"kind of collective thinking"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1418.41,"endTime":1420.99,"body":"power in Elsevier. All the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1418.41,"endTime":1420.99,"body":"colleagues, the teams we have in"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1420.99,"endTime":1424.38,"body":"Elsevier, what they can do in"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1420.99,"endTime":1424.38,"body":"the short time frame. I have to"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1424.38,"endTime":1427.92,"body":"say those, for me are really the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1424.38,"endTime":1427.92,"body":"kind of the happy moments just"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1427.92,"endTime":1432.66,"body":"to see that. There's so much"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1427.92,"endTime":1432.66,"body":"knowledge, so much commitment,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1432.84,"endTime":1436.71,"body":"and that is a real, genuine kind"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1432.84,"endTime":1436.71,"body":"of commitment. But also that"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1436.71,"endTime":1439.53,"body":"collective thinking power. That"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1436.71,"endTime":1439.53,"body":"is something that I'm not only"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1439.53,"endTime":1444.24,"body":"super proud of, but also which,"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1439.53,"endTime":1444.24,"body":"continues to amaze me and makes"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1444.24,"endTime":1444.63,"body":"me happy."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1444.63,"endTime":1448.41,"body":"Yeah, it's very well"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1444.63,"endTime":1448.41,"body":"said. But just to remind you,"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1448.47,"endTime":1452.76,"body":"Laura, you're part of that too."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1448.47,"endTime":1452.76,"body":"You're the part that brings in"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1452.76,"endTime":1459.24,"body":"that teamwork, that innovation,"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1452.76,"endTime":1459.24,"body":"the application of technology. I"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1459.24,"endTime":1463.35,"body":"would say I walk away today with"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1459.24,"endTime":1463.35,"body":"a couple of important points"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1463.35,"endTime":1468.12,"body":"about the huge growth in"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1463.35,"endTime":1468.12,"body":"publishing and how we're serving"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1468.12,"endTime":1472.59,"body":"them with multiple models. The"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1468.12,"endTime":1472.59,"body":"fact that it's really not a"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1472.59,"endTime":1476.61,"body":"homogeneous group. There's"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1472.59,"endTime":1476.61,"body":"incredible amount of variety"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1476.85,"endTime":1479.61,"body":"that you have to address to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1476.85,"endTime":1479.61,"body":"differently, even within the"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1479.61,"endTime":1483.96,"body":"same publishing process. Thank"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1479.61,"endTime":1483.96,"body":"you so much, Laura, for being"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1483.96,"endTime":1488.88,"body":"with us today, and I hope that"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1483.96,"endTime":1488.88,"body":"you enjoyed this opportunity as"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1488.88,"endTime":1489.69,"body":"much as I have."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1490.11,"endTime":1492.33,"body":"I certainly did."},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1490.11,"endTime":1492.33,"body":"Thank you so much for the"},{"speaker":"Laura Hassink","startTime":1492.33,"endTime":1493.44,"body":"invitation, YS."},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1494.34,"endTime":1496.5,"body":"Well, thank you for"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1494.34,"endTime":1496.5,"body":"listening, and don't forget to"},{"speaker":"YS Chi","startTime":1496.5,"endTime":1498.21,"body":"tune in for our next episode."}]}