{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":0.0,"endTime":3.06,"body":"Welcome to this"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":0.0,"endTime":3.06,"body":"edition of Built Environment Matters."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":3.09,"endTime":4.53,"body":"The Bryden Wood podcast."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":4.885,"endTime":7.705,"body":"I'm Paul O'Neill Architectural"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":4.885,"endTime":7.705,"body":"Board Director at Bryden Wood."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":8.005,"endTime":10.285,"body":"And this month we're"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":8.005,"endTime":10.285,"body":"joined by Satwinder Samra."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":11.384,"endTime":16.726,"body":"Satwinder was born in Huddersfield"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":11.384,"endTime":16.726,"body":"in 1969 to migrant Punjabi parents."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":18.106,"endTime":20.656,"body":"His early education was"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":18.106,"endTime":20.656,"body":"at Deighton High School."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":20.716,"endTime":25.186,"body":"And Huddersfield  New College after"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":20.716,"endTime":25.186,"body":"gaining a first class honors and"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":25.186,"endTime":29.266,"body":"Distinction at Master's level at"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":25.186,"endTime":29.266,"body":"Sheffield University, he worked for"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":29.296,"endTime":33.712,"body":"Urban Splash in Liverpool, Proctor and"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":29.296,"endTime":33.712,"body":"Matthews in London before co-founding"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":33.742,"endTime":36.112,"body":"his own practice Sauce Architecture."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":36.814,"endTime":41.074,"body":"He now collaborates with William"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":36.814,"endTime":41.074,"body":"Matthews Associates supporting"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":41.074,"endTime":42.974,"body":"international design projects."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":43.243,"endTime":47.563,"body":"At the same time he has become an"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":43.243,"endTime":47.563,"body":"accomplished architectural educator."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":48.073,"endTime":53.233,"body":"Having taught as a visiting design"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":48.073,"endTime":53.233,"body":"tutor, guest reviewer and external"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":53.233,"endTime":55.543,"body":"examiner at schools across the world."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":55.843,"endTime":60.403,"body":"This includes the Royal College of"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":55.843,"endTime":60.403,"body":"Art, Hong Kong Design Institute,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":60.703,"endTime":62.443,"body":"and Yale School of Architecture."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":63.433,"endTime":67.393,"body":"He is currently Director of"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":63.433,"endTime":67.393,"body":"Collaborative Practice at Sheffield"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":67.393,"endTime":68.893,"body":"University School of Architecture."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":70.528,"endTime":75.628,"body":"His insights, expertise and ability to"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":70.528,"endTime":75.628,"body":"communicate with passion and insight"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":75.838,"endTime":81.127,"body":"mean he is in demand as a commentator,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":75.838,"endTime":81.127,"body":"a host, an on-screen designer and"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":81.127,"endTime":87.247,"body":"broadcaster,  highlights include the"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":81.127,"endTime":87.247,"body":"BAFTA award-winning CBBC series The"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":87.247,"endTime":92.587,"body":"Dengineers  interviews with Monocle"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":87.247,"endTime":92.587,"body":"Radio, The Times of India and the BBC."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":93.697,"endTime":99.127,"body":"Ultimately, all his work promotes, making"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":93.697,"endTime":99.127,"body":"architecture accessible to everyone."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":99.478,"endTime":100.808,"body":"Sat winder, welcome."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":101.798,"endTime":102.398,"body":"Hi, Paul."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":102.413,"endTime":103.223,"body":"Lovely to be here."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":103.223,"endTime":106.743,"body":"And thank you so much for asking me to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":103.223,"endTime":106.743,"body":"take part in the Bryden Wood podcast"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":107.303,"endTime":107.813,"body":"fantastic."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":107.843,"endTime":108.813,"body":"Great to speak to you."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":108.813,"endTime":112.254,"body":"I believe you're sat in the arts"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":108.813,"endTime":112.254,"body":"tower at the Sheffield,  university,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":112.254,"endTime":113.694,"body":"which I spent many years."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":113.741,"endTime":117.893,"body":"And I think we crossed over as I was"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":113.741,"endTime":117.893,"body":"starting my degree you were considering"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":118.083,"endTime":121.866,"body":"a different role there following"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":118.083,"endTime":121.866,"body":"your master's to go into teaching."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":121.87,"endTime":126.398,"body":"And more recently, of course we bumped"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":121.87,"endTime":126.398,"body":"into each other at the AJ Awards where"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":126.398,"endTime":130.593,"body":"our project Circle Birmingham picked"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":126.398,"endTime":130.593,"body":"up a Highly Commended award and you"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":130.593,"endTime":134.578,"body":"were picking up an award on behalf of"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":130.593,"endTime":134.578,"body":"one of your collaborators, I believe."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":134.578,"endTime":138.491,"body":"And you were carrying around the red"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":134.578,"endTime":138.491,"body":"disc, the winner's disc for them on"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":138.491,"endTime":140.081,"body":"their behalf, which is great to see."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":140.081,"endTime":142.622,"body":"So it, it kind of brings"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":140.081,"endTime":142.622,"body":"me onto the first question."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":142.652,"endTime":145.822,"body":"You know, I've had quite a"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":142.652,"endTime":145.822,"body":"traditional career as an architect."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":145.83,"endTime":149.686,"body":"And I was just wondering if you could"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":145.83,"endTime":149.686,"body":"explain to me and everyone else in"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":149.686,"endTime":155.389,"body":"various different areas in your last"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":149.686,"endTime":155.389,"body":"20 or so years as an architect how you"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":155.389,"endTime":157.758,"body":"followed such  a varied career path"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":157.808,"endTime":158.988,"body":"Yeah, of course, Paul."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":158.988,"endTime":163.91,"body":"So I suppose bumping into you at the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":158.988,"endTime":163.91,"body":"AJ Awards was wonderful in itself"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":163.94,"endTime":166.722,"body":"and picking up a prize on behalf"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":163.94,"endTime":166.722,"body":"of William Matthews Associates."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":166.722,"endTime":169.872,"body":"But to get to that point, as"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":166.722,"endTime":169.872,"body":"you suggest has been a bit"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":169.872,"endTime":171.442,"body":"of a wide and varied journey."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":171.442,"endTime":174.502,"body":"I did study here at the Sheffield"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":171.442,"endTime":174.502,"body":"school of architecture, which was"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":174.862,"endTime":179.272,"body":"a brilliant school because it gave"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":174.862,"endTime":179.272,"body":"me the confidence to realise that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":179.272,"endTime":181.072,"body":"I perhaps did have some talents."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":181.079,"endTime":184.751,"body":"And I'd found something that I was"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":181.079,"endTime":184.751,"body":"really interested in and fascinated by."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":185.051,"endTime":189.369,"body":"So  I left here and I went to work"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":185.051,"endTime":189.369,"body":"for a fairly unknown developer"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":189.369,"endTime":191.125,"body":"at the time called Urban Splash."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":191.505,"endTime":194.975,"body":"And as we know, they've gone on to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":191.505,"endTime":194.975,"body":"do great and wonderful things in"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":194.975,"endTime":199.695,"body":"terms of regenerating many cities"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":194.975,"endTime":199.695,"body":"and towns centers around the country."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":199.935,"endTime":203.865,"body":"And that for me, was a wonderful"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":199.935,"endTime":203.865,"body":"experience because we were sort of,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":204.375,"endTime":208.785,"body":"you know, we were quite young and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":204.375,"endTime":208.785,"body":"everybody was kind of just  getting on"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":208.785,"endTime":210.885,"body":"with things that there was no worries."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":210.915,"endTime":215.155,"body":"And the thing for me that was"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":210.915,"endTime":215.155,"body":"absolutely fascinating was that we"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":215.155,"endTime":219.018,"body":"were given the chance to actually"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":215.155,"endTime":219.018,"body":"design was so different to my year out"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":219.018,"endTime":220.548,"body":"experience, which was quite practical."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":220.548,"endTime":224.069,"body":"And I was very much looked after"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":220.548,"endTime":224.069,"body":"but the sense that you could have an"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":224.069,"endTime":225.749,"body":"idea and you could make it happen."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":225.749,"endTime":230.549,"body":"And that experience for me was pretty"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":225.749,"endTime":230.549,"body":"seminal really in terms of my overall"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":231.084,"endTime":234.414,"body":"journey, because it gave me the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":231.084,"endTime":234.414,"body":"confidence to realise that when you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":234.414,"endTime":239.127,"body":"draw something, it can have an impact,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":234.414,"endTime":239.127,"body":"but also that you have to work with"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":239.127,"endTime":244.246,"body":"others and work productively so that you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":239.127,"endTime":244.246,"body":"realise that it's not a singular act."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":244.276,"endTime":247.276,"body":"The profession, you know, often"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":244.276,"endTime":247.276,"body":"speaks about the hero architect."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":247.576,"endTime":249.646,"body":"And that was the antithesis of that."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":249.707,"endTime":253.955,"body":"So I spent nearly four years"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":249.707,"endTime":253.955,"body":"in Liverpool and Manchester and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":253.955,"endTime":258.337,"body":"then I was drawn to the wonderful"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":253.955,"endTime":258.337,"body":"opportunity  to come and work in London."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":258.337,"endTime":261.547,"body":"And every architect wants to work in"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":258.337,"endTime":261.547,"body":"London,  it's the kind of stepping stone."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":261.547,"endTime":265.852,"body":"And so I went to work with Proctor"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":261.547,"endTime":265.852,"body":"Matthews which was very different"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":265.922,"endTime":269.912,"body":"private practice working on social"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":265.922,"endTime":269.912,"body":"housing and the Stonebridge estate,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":270.272,"endTime":273.748,"body":"which was so different to doing loft"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":270.272,"endTime":273.748,"body":"apartments in, Manchester,and Liverpool."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":274.308,"endTime":278.197,"body":"And after that, I went to America for"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":274.308,"endTime":278.197,"body":"a bit, travelled around, came back."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":278.197,"endTime":281.977,"body":"Wasn't really sure if I still wanted to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":278.197,"endTime":281.977,"body":"be an architect, as we all do, we all"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":281.977,"endTime":285.547,"body":"go through this moment in our careers"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":281.977,"endTime":285.547,"body":"of thinking, is this what I want to do?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":285.547,"endTime":288.727,"body":"And then I managed to get a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":285.547,"endTime":288.727,"body":"little bit of teaching work here"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":288.727,"endTime":289.867,"body":"at the school of architecture."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":290.287,"endTime":294.195,"body":"And at the same time set up a little"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":290.287,"endTime":294.195,"body":"practice with a friend of mine and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":294.195,"endTime":295.814,"body":"the two kind of developed together."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":295.814,"endTime":298.554,"body":"And then Jeremy Taylor, who was"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":295.814,"endTime":298.554,"body":"head of school said, are you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":298.554,"endTime":299.844,"body":"interested in running the third year?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":300.334,"endTime":303.064,"body":"So I ran the third year and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":300.334,"endTime":303.064,"body":"ended up doing that for 10 years."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":303.064,"endTime":306.364,"body":"And then I run the part two"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":303.064,"endTime":306.364,"body":"program for a couple of years."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":307.054,"endTime":309.806,"body":"And then more recently  this is"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":307.054,"endTime":309.806,"body":"pretty untraditional, isn't it?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":309.806,"endTime":313.046,"body":"Cause now I'm about to jump into"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":309.806,"endTime":313.046,"body":"the world of television, where,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":313.05,"endTime":314.91,"body":"I got approached by the BBC."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":314.91,"endTime":318.676,"body":"And they said there were making a program"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":314.91,"endTime":318.676,"body":"called The Dengineers where they design"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":318.676,"endTime":322.638,"body":"dens for kids so it's a bit like Grand"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":318.676,"endTime":322.638,"body":"Designs for a younger demographic."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":322.638,"endTime":325.322,"body":"They came and visited us"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":322.638,"endTime":325.322,"body":"actually in the arts tower."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":325.562,"endTime":329.199,"body":"They filmed me and a very good friend"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":325.562,"endTime":329.199,"body":"of mine, Tony Broomhead, who I asked to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":329.199,"endTime":330.669,"body":"come and work with me and collaborate."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":330.669,"endTime":333.679,"body":"I don't like working on my own, I like to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":330.669,"endTime":333.679,"body":"work with other people,  have a sounding"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":333.679,"endTime":337.909,"body":"board have someone to share some of the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":333.679,"endTime":337.909,"body":"responsibility someone to drink a cup"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":337.909,"endTime":342.542,"body":"of coffee with and chew things over and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":337.909,"endTime":342.542,"body":"they came and saw us and they said, can"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":342.542,"endTime":343.772,"body":"you just have a chat with each other?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":343.832,"endTime":347.162,"body":"So we sat there chatting,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":343.832,"endTime":347.162,"body":"drawing, talking about ideas."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":347.162,"endTime":349.142,"body":"How would you make a garden better?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":349.382,"endTime":353.0,"body":"Or why is it important to have the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":349.382,"endTime":353.0,"body":"sunlight in a certain place in a, den."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":353.49,"endTime":355.851,"body":"And why is architecture important or not?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":355.851,"endTime":359.261,"body":"Depending on where you sit and the next"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":355.851,"endTime":359.261,"body":"day they phoned us up and said we'd"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":359.261,"endTime":360.611,"body":"really love you to work on the show."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":360.611,"endTime":363.551,"body":"And that was about five years ago now."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":363.551,"endTime":365.222,"body":"And we're on our sixth series."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":365.222,"endTime":367.022,"body":"Now we normally get about three episodes."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":367.262,"endTime":371.402,"body":"So that was something that was totally"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":367.262,"endTime":371.402,"body":"unexpected, not something I trained for."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":371.852,"endTime":375.321,"body":"And then at the same time had"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":371.852,"endTime":375.321,"body":"been developing some conversations"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":375.321,"endTime":377.751,"body":"with an old friend of mine who you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":375.321,"endTime":377.751,"body":"might remember William Matthews"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":377.751,"endTime":380.541,"body":"who used to work for Renzo Piano."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":380.841,"endTime":383.721,"body":"And, and it was on behalf of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":380.841,"endTime":383.721,"body":"William that I actually picked up"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":383.751,"endTime":387.261,"body":"that big red gong at the AJ Awards"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":383.751,"endTime":387.261,"body":"and carried around all evening."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":387.351,"endTime":388.041,"body":"They're quite heavy."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":388.041,"endTime":388.421,"body":"Aren't they?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":389.421,"endTime":389.739,"body":"And."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":389.753,"endTime":393.343,"body":"So I've been doing some work with"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":389.753,"endTime":393.343,"body":"William working as a consultant helping"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":393.343,"endTime":395.203,"body":"on international design competition."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":395.203,"endTime":397.453,"body":"So I feel very fortunate at the moment."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":397.453,"endTime":400.643,"body":"And we might touch upon that later"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":397.453,"endTime":400.643,"body":"on, what do we mean by being lucky"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":400.643,"endTime":403.553,"body":"or do you make your own luck, but"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":400.643,"endTime":403.553,"body":"I've got this lovely breadth of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":403.613,"endTime":407.776,"body":"different activities, which keep me"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":403.613,"endTime":407.776,"body":"interested and hopefully interesting"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":408.366,"endTime":409.056,"body":"Fantastic."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":409.266,"endTime":413.586,"body":"So collaboration is key toBryden"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":409.266,"endTime":413.586,"body":"Wood we have a floor in our London"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":413.586,"endTime":417.996,"body":"office where we invite clients and"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":413.586,"endTime":417.996,"body":"delivery partners to collaborate and"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":417.996,"endTime":422.241,"body":"live in our office, which is fairly"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":417.996,"endTime":422.241,"body":"unusual for architects and engineers."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":422.451,"endTime":424.821,"body":"But collaborations obviously"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":422.451,"endTime":424.821,"body":"really important for you."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":424.821,"endTime":429.111,"body":"You're the Director of"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":424.821,"endTime":429.111,"body":"Collaborative Practice at Sheffield."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":429.161,"endTime":431.698,"body":"Can you tell us a little"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":429.161,"endTime":431.698,"body":"bit more about that please?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":431.908,"endTime":432.778,"body":"Yeah, of course."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":433.713,"endTime":437.559,"body":"About six years ago, we realised"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":433.713,"endTime":437.559,"body":"in the school of architecture that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":437.889,"endTime":441.789,"body":"the introduction of the higher fee"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":437.889,"endTime":441.789,"body":"potentially could be problematic"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":441.789,"endTime":443.229,"body":"for architecture students."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":443.379,"endTime":446.469,"body":"As we know, architectural"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":443.379,"endTime":446.469,"body":"training is quite long, it's quite"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":446.469,"endTime":448.209,"body":"arduous, it's quite expensive."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":448.629,"endTime":451.809,"body":"And we were concerned that certain"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":448.629,"endTime":451.809,"body":"students who might not have the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":451.809,"endTime":456.149,"body":"means or the ability to do the full"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":451.809,"endTime":456.149,"body":"seven years might seriously consider"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":456.149,"endTime":458.519,"body":"leaving after doing their part one."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":459.059,"endTime":462.689,"body":"So we thought, is there a model that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":459.059,"endTime":462.689,"body":"we can develop that allows students to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":462.689,"endTime":469.429,"body":"earn as they learn, but also to better"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":462.689,"endTime":469.429,"body":"capitalise on the relationships that can"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":469.429,"endTime":471.985,"body":"exist between the university and practice."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":472.435,"endTime":476.075,"body":"So we designed this new program called"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":472.435,"endTime":476.075,"body":"Collaborative Practice and I was sort"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":476.075,"endTime":479.832,"body":"of tasked with a number of colleagues"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":476.075,"endTime":479.832,"body":"to sort of design this new course."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":480.717,"endTime":484.437,"body":"And essentially students work four"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":480.717,"endTime":484.437,"body":"days a week and the fifth days"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":484.437,"endTime":486.117,"body":"for academic learning and support."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":486.199,"endTime":490.369,"body":"And the thing that's unique about this"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":486.199,"endTime":490.369,"body":"program is the work that the students do"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":490.369,"endTime":492.739,"body":"in practice becomes live academic content."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":493.039,"endTime":494.266,"body":"So there's a genuine."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":494.266,"endTime":497.763,"body":"Relationship between the student's"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":494.266,"endTime":497.763,"body":"experience in practice and what we"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":497.763,"endTime":501.183,"body":"found when we set it up, people were"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":497.763,"endTime":501.183,"body":"a little bit doubting and there's"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":501.183,"endTime":503.433,"body":"like, well, is it a part-time course?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":503.433,"endTime":505.953,"body":"Is it like a kind of old"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":503.433,"endTime":505.953,"body":"school apprenticeship?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":506.493,"endTime":509.776,"body":"And you know, we had to be a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":506.493,"endTime":509.776,"body":"bit pushy really to convince"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":509.776,"endTime":511.396,"body":"people that this was a good idea."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":511.452,"endTime":516.829,"body":"And we're now sort of six years in, we've"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":511.452,"endTime":516.829,"body":"got over 50 leading UK practices on board."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":517.279,"endTime":518.483,"body":"And I think the thing that."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":519.093,"endTime":523.383,"body":"Is really beneficial for the students is"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":519.093,"endTime":523.383,"body":"that they have an opportunity to carry"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":523.383,"endTime":527.553,"body":"on working, but also learning, which"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":523.383,"endTime":527.553,"body":"just seems like quite a sensible idea."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":528.363,"endTime":529.773,"body":"Yeah, no, that's fantastic."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":529.773,"endTime":530.885,"body":"And Bryden Wood."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":530.885,"endTime":534.065,"body":"We'd definitely like to be"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":530.885,"endTime":534.065,"body":"one of your partner practices for this."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":534.065,"endTime":535.747,"body":"So we should talk more about that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":535.807,"endTime":536.317,"body":"wonderful"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":536.407,"endTime":537.007,"body":"offline."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":537.007,"endTime":537.877,"body":"So we've got 51."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":538.214,"endTime":539.023,"body":"Fantastic."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":539.044,"endTime":540.154,"body":"It's a great list."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":540.394,"endTime":542.194,"body":"It's a great list of practices."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":542.194,"endTime":546.232,"body":"So, you know, anybody who's studying"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":542.194,"endTime":546.232,"body":"architecture I think could pick"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":546.232,"endTime":550.416,"body":"any practice on there and have a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":546.232,"endTime":550.416,"body":"great education from in practice"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":550.416,"endTime":552.216,"body":"and obviously with the university."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":552.285,"endTime":554.595,"body":"Your work is"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":552.285,"endTime":554.595,"body":"often around the importance"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":554.595,"endTime":556.275,"body":"of diversity and inclusion in"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":556.275,"endTime":556.605,"body":"Architecture."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":557.229,"endTime":561.259,"body":"Would you like to just talk about"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":557.229,"endTime":561.259,"body":"that and how you address that?"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":561.266,"endTime":566.918,"body":"But before we do, could we look at why,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":561.266,"endTime":566.918,"body":"as in, how does the lack of diversity"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":566.918,"endTime":570.578,"body":"and inclusion among architects manifest"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":566.918,"endTime":570.578,"body":"itself in the Built Environment?"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":571.938,"endTime":573.768,"body":"Yeah, that's, that's a great question."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":573.798,"endTime":578.148,"body":"So I'm sort of speaking here quite close"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":573.798,"endTime":578.148,"body":"from the heart and personal experience."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":578.204,"endTime":579.374,"body":"I'm an Asian architect."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":579.494,"endTime":581.294,"body":"I'm from a working class background."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":581.338,"endTime":584.738,"body":"My father was a bus driver and my"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":581.338,"endTime":584.738,"body":"mum used to sew clothes in a factory."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":584.888,"endTime":589.025,"body":"So if I came now, to potentially"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":584.888,"endTime":589.025,"body":"consider studying architecture"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":589.025,"endTime":593.328,"body":"I probably might not"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":589.025,"endTime":593.328,"body":"do it because it's long, arduous and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":593.328,"endTime":597.613,"body":"expensive, but also you know, I think"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":593.328,"endTime":597.613,"body":"there are barriers that exist and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":597.613,"endTime":599.143,"body":"sometimes these barriers are hidden."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":599.353,"endTime":605.156,"body":"Now, if we consider the makeup of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":599.353,"endTime":605.156,"body":"the profession at the moment it's"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":605.156,"endTime":609.236,"body":"definitely getting more diverse and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":605.156,"endTime":609.236,"body":"there's more diverse faces and people."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":609.692,"endTime":613.587,"body":"And I think for me, and I've realized"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":609.692,"endTime":613.587,"body":"this in the last few years that I'm"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":613.587,"endTime":618.986,"body":"in a  slight position of privilege,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":613.587,"endTime":618.986,"body":"but also I can help students who might"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":618.986,"endTime":621.806,"body":"feel a bit different or they might"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":618.986,"endTime":621.806,"body":"be the first person in their family"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":621.806,"endTime":625.836,"body":"to go to university like I was they"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":621.806,"endTime":625.836,"body":"might feel like they don't fit in."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":625.868,"endTime":630.368,"body":"And so I think if we have, if"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":625.868,"endTime":630.368,"body":"we have more people like me"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":630.368,"endTime":631.298,"body":"or people who are different."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":632.498,"endTime":637.129,"body":"Actually visible then I think it gives"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":632.498,"endTime":637.129,"body":"a a sort of open door, or it gives"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":637.159,"endTime":641.389,"body":"someone the opportunity to realize"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":637.159,"endTime":641.389,"body":"that maybe they could do this as well."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":641.467,"endTime":645.967,"body":"And because the courses are, you know,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":641.467,"endTime":645.967,"body":"expensive, I think that's another"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":645.967,"endTime":648.877,"body":"barrier for people who might be from"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":645.967,"endTime":648.877,"body":"a background where there isn't much"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":648.877,"endTime":652.389,"body":"money floating around or there's"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":648.877,"endTime":652.389,"body":"perhaps a sort of worry about that."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":653.364,"endTime":657.524,"body":"You know, we talk about student loans and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":653.364,"endTime":657.524,"body":"the repayment is, on one level affordable."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":657.554,"endTime":659.834,"body":"But for some people, the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":657.554,"endTime":659.834,"body":"idea of debt is actually very"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":659.834,"endTime":661.574,"body":"obstructive and it puts people off."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":661.574,"endTime":666.824,"body":"So I feel on one level, that's something"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":661.574,"endTime":666.824,"body":"I'm super fascinated by and feel very"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":667.154,"endTime":670.114,"body":"proud that I can stand up in front of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":667.154,"endTime":670.114,"body":"people and say, look, this is what I do."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":670.114,"endTime":671.314,"body":"This is why it's interesting."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":671.314,"endTime":673.864,"body":"And this is a wonderful"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":671.314,"endTime":673.864,"body":"career to be involved with."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":674.344,"endTime":678.489,"body":"But also if we have those different"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":674.344,"endTime":678.489,"body":"voices, Actually at the table when"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":678.489,"endTime":682.299,"body":"we're designing new parts of towns or"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":678.489,"endTime":682.299,"body":"looking at housing projects, they will"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":682.299,"endTime":687.249,"body":"bring a different life perspective and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":682.299,"endTime":687.249,"body":"a different set of experiences, which I"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":687.249,"endTime":693.037,"body":"think makes the practice of architecture"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":687.249,"endTime":693.037,"body":"more rounded and, and less kind of myopic."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":693.307,"endTime":695.237,"body":"And I think that often"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":693.307,"endTime":695.237,"body":"can be,  problematic."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":696.102,"endTime":697.992,"body":"Yeah, I think it's"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":696.102,"endTime":697.992,"body":"great that you're addressing that."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":697.992,"endTime":701.224,"body":"I think we were fortunate to go to"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":697.992,"endTime":701.224,"body":"university when we didn't actually"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":701.224,"endTime":703.267,"body":"have to pay those tuition fees."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":703.297,"endTime":708.614,"body":"And I think if I was in the position now"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":703.297,"endTime":708.614,"body":"maybe the fear of debt comes from parents"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":708.614,"endTime":713.296,"body":"rather than young, you know, 18 year"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":708.614,"endTime":713.296,"body":"olds, 19 year olds, but it's definitely"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":713.296,"endTime":716.356,"body":"something that must hang over you when"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":713.296,"endTime":716.356,"body":"you start, particularly with a course"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":716.356,"endTime":718.726,"body":"like architecture is as it's well known."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":719.231,"endTime":722.719,"body":"It's a six, seven year course"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":719.231,"endTime":722.719,"body":"like studying to be a doctor."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":722.719,"endTime":726.698,"body":"And that does definitely rack up a"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":722.719,"endTime":726.698,"body":"large potential debt at the end of it."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":726.698,"endTime":731.903,"body":"So it's great to hear more about that"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":726.698,"endTime":731.903,"body":"approach that you're taking and using"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":731.903,"endTime":733.842,"body":"the initiative to to address this."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":733.871,"endTime":736.858,"body":"Can you discuss examples of how more"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":736.858,"endTime":741.208,"body":"Inclusive approach has led to better"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":736.858,"endTime":741.208,"body":"outcomes, whether this is personal"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":741.208,"endTime":743.098,"body":"or you've seen it from your students."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":744.388,"endTime":744.778,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":744.778,"endTime":745.258,"body":"So."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":745.325,"endTime":750.176,"body":"On a personal level for me, I"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":745.325,"endTime":750.176,"body":"think that the more you listen"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":750.956,"endTime":755.202,"body":"in any situation, which in its"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":750.956,"endTime":755.202,"body":"sense is, is about inclusivity."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":755.231,"endTime":756.891,"body":"The better aware you become."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":756.896,"endTime":761.096,"body":"And I think for the architectural"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":756.896,"endTime":761.096,"body":"profession, the training historically"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":761.096,"endTime":766.856,"body":"was very much around you present"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":761.096,"endTime":766.856,"body":"your work or you promote it, or"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":766.856,"endTime":768.816,"body":"worst case scenario you defend it"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":769.026,"endTime":772.916,"body":"and you have an argument which suggests"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":769.026,"endTime":772.916,"body":"that you don't really listen, you've"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":772.916,"endTime":776.906,"body":"already made your mind up and however"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":772.916,"endTime":776.906,"body":"possible you're going to get this through."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":777.836,"endTime":782.306,"body":"And I think schools of architecture have"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":777.836,"endTime":782.306,"body":"a certain responsibility to bear in the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":782.306,"endTime":786.296,"body":"way that they may have taught and the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":782.306,"endTime":786.296,"body":"way that some schools still do teach."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":787.166,"endTime":789.877,"body":"And I think if, we encourage"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":787.166,"endTime":789.877,"body":"students to listen to."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":790.757,"endTime":793.007,"body":"And to be better colleagues."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":793.123,"endTime":796.123,"body":"Then I think that puts them"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":793.123,"endTime":796.123,"body":"in a better position, not just"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":796.123,"endTime":798.793,"body":"in terms of the workplace, but"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":796.123,"endTime":798.793,"body":"in terms of their own lives."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":799.123,"endTime":803.003,"body":"So that's one area that I'm super"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":799.123,"endTime":803.003,"body":"fascinated by , you know, architects"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":803.003,"endTime":804.333,"body":"often don't talk about listening."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":804.963,"endTime":806.793,"body":"But I think it's such an important skill."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":807.513,"endTime":812.913,"body":"And then in terms of students, what"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":807.513,"endTime":812.913,"body":"I've found is that what we're trying"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":812.913,"endTime":817.113,"body":"to do through, a lot of our teaching,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":812.913,"endTime":817.113,"body":"and this is very much pursued in"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":817.113,"endTime":821.061,"body":"club to practice is to empower them"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":817.113,"endTime":821.061,"body":"with the ability not just to listen."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":821.061,"endTime":822.534,"body":"To better communicate."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":822.864,"endTime":828.416,"body":"So how do you get an idea across"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":822.864,"endTime":828.416,"body":"succinctly using either drawings or the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":828.416,"endTime":833.836,"body":"spoken word and how do you use language in"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":828.416,"endTime":833.836,"body":"a productive and inclusive way rather than"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":833.966,"endTime":836.226,"body":"in a kind of semantic obstructive way?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":836.23,"endTime":839.394,"body":"So I often talk about you know,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":836.23,"endTime":839.394,"body":"the architects the words that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":839.394,"endTime":842.364,"body":"they use are problematic because"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":839.394,"endTime":842.364,"body":"they actually create a barrier."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":842.694,"endTime":846.024,"body":"So when architects talk about"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":842.694,"endTime":846.024,"body":"liminal space or shutter gaps, it's"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":846.024,"endTime":846.914,"body":"like, well, what are they about."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":847.884,"endTime":849.804,"body":"You know, it's a, it's on"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":847.884,"endTime":849.804,"body":"one level, it's a irrelevant."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":850.224,"endTime":850.444,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":850.444,"endTime":853.594,"body":"And that's where I find the work in"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":850.444,"endTime":853.594,"body":"television is super helpful because"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":853.594,"endTime":857.459,"body":"if you're trying to communicate to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":853.594,"endTime":857.459,"body":"a broader public, then you have to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":857.459,"endTime":862.545,"body":"use words and images that are open"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":857.459,"endTime":862.545,"body":"and help people to better understand."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":862.965,"endTime":866.235,"body":"And I've found that that's really"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":862.965,"endTime":866.235,"body":"helped not just in my work, but in"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":866.235,"endTime":867.975,"body":"the way that I work with my students."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":867.975,"endTime":872.025,"body":"So we talk a lot about timekeeping,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":867.975,"endTime":872.025,"body":"tone of voice, smiling."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":872.235,"endTime":873.795,"body":"Why don't architects ever smile?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":873.806,"endTime":877.995,"body":"Go through any architects, websites"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":873.806,"endTime":877.995,"body":"and look at the faces and the poses."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":877.995,"endTime":880.455,"body":"They're all,  it's like, they've"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":877.995,"endTime":880.455,"body":"got something wrong with their"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":880.455,"endTime":884.247,"body":"shoulders and they  seem to stare"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":880.455,"endTime":884.247,"body":"through the camera rather than at"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":884.247,"endTime":886.167,"body":"it, and they're very rarely smile."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":886.347,"endTime":889.587,"body":"I've got loads of screenshots"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":886.347,"endTime":889.587,"body":"of architects, websites"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":889.587,"endTime":890.307,"body":"with them, not smiling."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":891.252,"endTime":893.626,"body":"And I've used that in a lecture"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":891.252,"endTime":893.626,"body":"and I just put it up and I"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":893.656,"endTime":895.426,"body":"say, why isn't anybody smiling?"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":895.426,"endTime":896.086,"body":"What happened?"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":896.41,"endTime":898.2,"body":"Why did everybody get so serious?"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":898.77,"endTime":901.83,"body":"I'll have to check out my profile"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":898.77,"endTime":901.83,"body":"picture and make sure I'm smiling."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":901.83,"endTime":902.49,"body":"I'm sure I am."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":902.49,"endTime":903.18,"body":"I'm sure I am."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":903.187,"endTime":905.667,"body":"So, with regard to I'm"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":903.187,"endTime":905.667,"body":"just going to come back to Sheffield,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":905.667,"endTime":907.257,"body":"actually, Sheffield university."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":907.297,"endTime":912.907,"body":"You must've seen many changes with regard"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":907.297,"endTime":912.907,"body":"to the, to the tutors as well, and their"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":912.907,"endTime":918.522,"body":"approach to encourage and, and kind of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":912.907,"endTime":918.522,"body":"collaborate and encourage the student."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":918.876,"endTime":922.259,"body":"From definitely when I started and when"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":918.876,"endTime":922.259,"body":"I finished, there was a big change."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":922.259,"endTime":925.28,"body":"And you mentioned the likes"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":922.259,"endTime":925.28,"body":"of Jeremy Till's starting"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":925.28,"endTime":927.337,"body":"and Sarah starting as well."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":927.607,"endTime":928.567,"body":"And that really changed."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":928.567,"endTime":930.697,"body":"That was a, that was a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":928.567,"endTime":930.697,"body":"real change to Sheffield."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":930.697,"endTime":936.217,"body":"But before then it may be, it was a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":930.697,"endTime":936.217,"body":"little bit dated and it was an evolution"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":936.24,"endTime":937.748,"body":"really made a difference to me."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":937.898,"endTime":941.918,"body":"So it must have evolved even further"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":937.898,"endTime":941.918,"body":"of the last, since I left, 20 odd years"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":941.918,"endTime":945.878,"body":"ago, 22 years ago, there must have"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":941.918,"endTime":945.878,"body":"been further developments as well."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":945.878,"endTime":946.148,"body":"Could you."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":946.833,"endTime":948.123,"body":"Just touch on that a little bit."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":948.393,"endTime":949.173,"body":"Sure, sure."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":949.203,"endTime":952.743,"body":"And I think you've touched upon"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":949.203,"endTime":952.743,"body":"something there that, which is around"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":952.769,"endTime":956.259,"body":"previous architectural cultures,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":952.769,"endTime":956.259,"body":"even though it was pretty good here,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":956.529,"endTime":958.459,"body":"there was still a culture of the crit"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":958.724,"endTime":962.274,"body":"being this adversarial place"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":958.724,"endTime":962.274,"body":"where you would defend your work."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":962.304,"endTime":965.694,"body":"And I think we were better here than"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":962.304,"endTime":965.694,"body":"a lot of other schools, but I think"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":965.694,"endTime":968.579,"body":"a lot of that's come around changing"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":965.694,"endTime":968.579,"body":"some of the words and the language."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":968.579,"endTime":969.749,"body":"So we call it a review."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":969.749,"endTime":970.914,"body":"We don't call it a crit."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":970.958,"endTime":973.718,"body":"I always say that when students"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":970.958,"endTime":973.718,"body":"present their work, they"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":973.718,"endTime":974.858,"body":"don't present their share."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":974.858,"endTime":978.47,"body":"When we Look at students' work,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":974.858,"endTime":978.47,"body":"I will often encourage other"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":978.47,"endTime":980.619,"body":"students to be the reviewer."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":981.169,"endTime":982.779,"body":"An othe r one will be the timekeeper."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":982.779,"endTime":984.309,"body":"Another one will be the note taker."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":984.309,"endTime":985.509,"body":"So we all take turns."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":985.719,"endTime":991.929,"body":"So I'm more like a facilitator as opposed"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":985.719,"endTime":991.929,"body":"to the tutor who has infinite knowledge"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":992.319,"endTime":996.169,"body":"and wisdom on everything to do with"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":992.319,"endTime":996.169,"body":"architecture, because I don't have that."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":996.169,"endTime":997.653,"body":"Just got a bit more experience."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":997.923,"endTime":1002.259,"body":"And I think in doing that it encourages"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":997.923,"endTime":1002.259,"body":"the students to practice having a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1002.259,"endTime":1004.719,"body":"voice and practice having an opinion."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1005.019,"endTime":1008.139,"body":"And I think if they can do that within"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1005.019,"endTime":1008.139,"body":"the learning environment, then when"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1008.139,"endTime":1012.529,"body":"they come into practice or they're,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1008.139,"endTime":1012.529,"body":"you know, in client groups or they're"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1012.529,"endTime":1016.419,"body":"with stakeholders or they're meeting"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1012.529,"endTime":1016.419,"body":"a community, those skills empower them"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1016.614,"endTime":1019.074,"body":"to not just become better"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1016.614,"endTime":1019.074,"body":"listeners, but to become better"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1019.074,"endTime":1020.934,"body":"advocates for the profession."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1021.054,"endTime":1023.994,"body":"So I think there is definitely,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1021.054,"endTime":1023.994,"body":"there's definitely a culture"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1023.994,"endTime":1027.114,"body":"definitely within this school of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1023.994,"endTime":1027.114,"body":"architecture, which is around that."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1027.114,"endTime":1030.744,"body":"And I know that there are cultures that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1027.114,"endTime":1030.744,"body":"exist in other schools where people"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1030.744,"endTime":1034.434,"body":"still talk about crits and arguments"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1030.744,"endTime":1034.434,"body":"and students defending their work."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1034.434,"endTime":1038.564,"body":"It's kind of so outdated and highly"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1034.434,"endTime":1038.564,"body":"problematic because what it leads to is"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1038.564,"endTime":1042.939,"body":"students becoming highly defensive of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1038.564,"endTime":1042.939,"body":"their work and then they get into practice"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1042.939,"endTime":1044.499,"body":"and they take those traits with them."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1044.949,"endTime":1048.159,"body":"And then it's no wonder that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1044.949,"endTime":1048.159,"body":"clients say, well, these architects,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1048.369,"endTime":1049.299,"body":"they don't really listen."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1049.299,"endTime":1052.454,"body":"They already had an idea of what they"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1049.299,"endTime":1052.454,"body":"wanted and you know why were they"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1052.454,"endTime":1054.074,"body":"so serious and not smiling as well?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1054.074,"endTime":1056.044,"body":"And then they wanted me"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1054.074,"endTime":1056.044,"body":"to pay them 12 percent."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1056.056,"endTime":1056.896,"body":"Yeah, absolutely."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1057.341,"endTime":1061.291,"body":"Um, Another thing that's changed"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1057.341,"endTime":1061.291,"body":"is the way we produce information."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1061.306,"endTime":1065.443,"body":"And I think that was a transitional"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1061.306,"endTime":1065.443,"body":"period as well when I, when I started."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1065.443,"endTime":1068.233,"body":"So it was very much in the first"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1065.443,"endTime":1068.233,"body":"couple of years of still tracing"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1068.233,"endTime":1070.476,"body":"paper and scratching out mistakes."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1070.476,"endTime":1074.913,"body":"And then we were introduced to CAD"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1070.476,"endTime":1074.913,"body":"and we had various modules related"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1074.913,"endTime":1079.878,"body":"to the use of CAD but obviously, you"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1074.913,"endTime":1079.878,"body":"know, 20 years it's really changed."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1079.878,"endTime":1084.698,"body":"I was just wondering from, your point of"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1079.878,"endTime":1084.698,"body":"view, how digital has changed the way that"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1084.698,"endTime":1087.398,"body":"we design or how we teach architecture."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1087.398,"endTime":1091.408,"body":"So when I was there, it was kind of"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1087.398,"endTime":1091.408,"body":"on the side and it wasn't encouraged."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1091.408,"endTime":1096.668,"body":"You never really encouraged to produce"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1091.408,"endTime":1096.668,"body":"and use these techniques, these digital"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1096.668,"endTime":1098.498,"body":"techniques to represent your work."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1098.498,"endTime":1102.608,"body":"It was still to do with how you"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1098.498,"endTime":1102.608,"body":"could use your artistic abilities"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1102.848,"endTime":1106.928,"body":"in terms of producing drawings,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1102.848,"endTime":1106.928,"body":"beautiful line drawings, sketches,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1107.113,"endTime":1109.693,"body":"artwork and model making, of course."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1109.993,"endTime":1111.503,"body":"And how's that changed now?"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1111.508,"endTime":1114.997,"body":"And the use of the old techniques, as"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1111.508,"endTime":1114.997,"body":"well as the new techniques or the mix"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1116.147,"endTime":1119.192,"body":"I think you mentioning"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1116.147,"endTime":1119.192,"body":"the idea of mix is absolutely"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1119.192,"endTime":1124.292,"body":"fundamental so that what's valuable"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1119.192,"endTime":1124.292,"body":"for students and very important is"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1124.292,"endTime":1129.333,"body":"that they have a repertoire of skills"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1124.292,"endTime":1129.333,"body":"and abilities to not just research or"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1129.333,"endTime":1130.923,"body":"better understand what already exists."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1131.398,"endTime":1135.227,"body":"But then how do you develop an idea"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1131.398,"endTime":1135.227,"body":"whether it's something to do with"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1135.291,"endTime":1138.351,"body":"something in three dimensions or you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1135.291,"endTime":1138.351,"body":"might be trying to work out how light"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1138.351,"endTime":1142.251,"body":"might fall into a space, or it's more"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1138.351,"endTime":1142.251,"body":"to do with proportion or the way that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1142.251,"endTime":1143.841,"body":"someone might move through a building."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1144.051,"endTime":1148.161,"body":"Now, as we know, you can do that with a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1144.051,"endTime":1148.161,"body":"sketch or you might do it with a physical"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1148.161,"endTime":1152.668,"body":"model, but also we have a repertoire"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1148.161,"endTime":1152.668,"body":"of digital tools available to us now."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1152.908,"endTime":1158.167,"body":"So we try to encourage students to use"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1152.908,"endTime":1158.167,"body":"the breadth of,  Tools that are available,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1158.407,"endTime":1163.087,"body":"but I also think that there's a flip side"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1158.407,"endTime":1163.087,"body":"to this, and it'd be interesting to hear"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1163.087,"endTime":1166.927,"body":"your thoughts on this, which is something"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1163.087,"endTime":1166.927,"body":"I call the digital arms race, the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1166.927,"endTime":1172.477,"body":"visualization arms race for everybody has"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1166.927,"endTime":1172.477,"body":"to have the most beautiful visualizations"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1172.507,"endTime":1173.887,"body":"which they either do in-house."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1174.267,"endTime":1178.807,"body":"or they get from people  specialists"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1174.267,"endTime":1178.807,"body":"when they're doing a pitch now on"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1178.807,"endTime":1182.699,"body":"one level, that's amazing because you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1178.807,"endTime":1182.699,"body":"can have a super realistic image of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1182.699,"endTime":1184.049,"body":"what this project might look like."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1184.619,"endTime":1188.969,"body":"The downside of it is I think that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1184.619,"endTime":1188.969,"body":"sometimes we're over designing"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1188.969,"endTime":1192.559,"body":"a project at the earliest stages"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1188.969,"endTime":1192.559,"body":"when perhaps we don't need to do."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1192.951,"endTime":1197.204,"body":"And I have this conversation with students"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1192.951,"endTime":1197.204,"body":"where we talk about what's the most"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1197.204,"endTime":1202.028,"body":"appropriate manner or tools to use any"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1197.204,"endTime":1202.028,"body":"particular, time  in the design process."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1202.388,"endTime":1203.978,"body":"And I think a mixture is good."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1204.368,"endTime":1209.178,"body":"And I still think that physical"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1204.368,"endTime":1209.178,"body":"models that are made by hand are very"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1209.198,"endTime":1213.953,"body":"empowering and especially empowering"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1209.198,"endTime":1213.953,"body":"for a student because it gets you to see"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1213.953,"endTime":1218.573,"body":"the third dimension without having to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1213.953,"endTime":1218.573,"body":"sort of travel into hyperspace because"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1218.573,"endTime":1220.807,"body":"ultimately a screen is still flat."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1221.332,"endTime":1225.562,"body":"Like, I'm looking at you now and we're"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1221.332,"endTime":1225.562,"body":"having this conversation, but I'm having"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1225.722,"endTime":1230.608,"body":"a two dimensional representation through a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1225.722,"endTime":1230.608,"body":"screen of a three-dimensional experience."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1230.878,"endTime":1235.085,"body":"Now we could say, you know, you look"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1230.878,"endTime":1235.085,"body":"at gaming and you look at the world"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1235.085,"endTime":1237.156,"body":"of unreal engine and epic games."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1237.156,"endTime":1241.166,"body":"That is for me is absolutely,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1237.156,"endTime":1241.166,"body":"you know, an area."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1241.206,"endTime":1245.456,"body":"that is still slightly untouched and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1241.206,"endTime":1245.456,"body":"we need to go into that further, but"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1245.456,"endTime":1250.046,"body":"I think that working side-by-side"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1245.456,"endTime":1250.046,"body":"with physical models or robotics or"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1250.046,"endTime":1252.096,"body":"a sketch, if we have the repetoire."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1252.611,"endTime":1254.801,"body":"Available to us and we use the repertoire."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1255.101,"endTime":1257.261,"body":"I think that makes us better designers."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1257.291,"endTime":1260.951,"body":"And also, I think for clients, it's"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1257.291,"endTime":1260.951,"body":"fascinating because clients like to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1260.951,"endTime":1265.091,"body":"kind of come into this magical world of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1260.951,"endTime":1265.091,"body":"design and we hold their hand, don't we"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1265.341,"endTime":1268.401,"body":"And there's nothing more special than"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1265.341,"endTime":1268.401,"body":"that moment when you put something"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1268.401,"endTime":1272.391,"body":"on the table and the client goes,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1268.401,"endTime":1272.391,"body":"wow, I wasn't expecting that."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1272.421,"endTime":1275.061,"body":"Or often they'll say, well,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1272.421,"endTime":1275.061,"body":"I couldn't have done that."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1275.121,"endTime":1277.281,"body":"And you want to say,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1275.121,"endTime":1277.281,"body":"well, yeah, that's fine."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1277.281,"endTime":1277.731,"body":"That's okay."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1277.731,"endTime":1279.141,"body":"Because we're trained, we're here to do."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1280.026,"endTime":1282.126,"body":"And, and you can pay us"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1280.026,"endTime":1282.126,"body":"and help us to do that."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1283.251,"endTime":1284.901,"body":"Yeah, I"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1283.251,"endTime":1284.901,"body":"think the mix is critical."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1284.901,"endTime":1288.651,"body":"There's nothing like a physical"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1284.901,"endTime":1288.651,"body":"model, but then again, you know, the,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1288.651,"endTime":1293.691,"body":"the, the engines that we use, the"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1288.651,"endTime":1293.691,"body":"design tools that we use, we can very"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1293.691,"endTime":1297.501,"body":"quickly produce the beautiful 3d CGIs."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1297.531,"endTime":1300.758,"body":"Now the downside, which I'm"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1297.531,"endTime":1300.758,"body":"just it's not a downside."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1300.758,"endTime":1304.838,"body":"But if you produce what looks like"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1300.758,"endTime":1304.838,"body":"a finished resolved, design too"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1304.858,"endTime":1305.098,"body":"early"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1305.098,"endTime":1308.643,"body":"on you have to make the client"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1305.098,"endTime":1308.643,"body":"aware that it's just the first"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1308.643,"endTime":1310.293,"body":"iteration, the first idea."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1310.713,"endTime":1314.433,"body":"And sometimes they feel that they"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1310.713,"endTime":1314.433,"body":"might not be able to touch or move it"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1314.433,"endTime":1316.383,"body":"around because it looks so finished."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1316.383,"endTime":1317.283,"body":"So polished."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1317.343,"endTime":1319.621,"body":"And I think that is it's"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1317.343,"endTime":1319.621,"body":"something I'm discussing with"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1319.621,"endTime":1320.761,"body":"the university of Greenwich."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1320.761,"endTime":1324.061,"body":"We're looking at a couple of buildings"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1320.761,"endTime":1324.061,"body":"on their sites for them, a library"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1324.061,"endTime":1326.041,"body":"building, which is fantastic project."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1326.371,"endTime":1329.851,"body":"And I just, you know, the part two"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1326.371,"endTime":1329.851,"body":"students who produced the information,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1330.151,"endTime":1334.151,"body":"did it in a super quick time, you"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1330.151,"endTime":1334.151,"body":"know, within a week or two weeks of"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1334.151,"endTime":1338.651,"body":"producing these kinds of masterpiece"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1334.151,"endTime":1338.651,"body":"CGIs, which are mind blowing really."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1338.831,"endTime":1341.921,"body":"But we had to tell the clients said just,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1338.831,"endTime":1341.921,"body":"you know, this is the first approach."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1341.951,"endTime":1343.308,"body":"The first, the first idea."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1343.308,"endTime":1347.478,"body":"And really, this design needs to"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1343.308,"endTime":1347.478,"body":"be developed with collaboration,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1347.478,"endTime":1348.858,"body":"with you, with feedback."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1348.877,"endTime":1352.817,"body":"And you know, and then they relax a little"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1348.877,"endTime":1352.817,"body":"bit because once somebody puts what looks"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1352.817,"endTime":1354.617,"body":"like a finished design on the table?"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1354.767,"endTime":1357.557,"body":"They say, well, you know, it's that"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1354.767,"endTime":1357.557,"body":"it is that the commission ended."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1357.597,"endTime":1361.057,"body":"I said, no, it's just that we can"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1357.597,"endTime":1361.057,"body":"produce these iterations very quickly."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1361.057,"endTime":1362.797,"body":"And we can tell you in great detail."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1362.797,"endTime":1363.787,"body":"So that's the positive."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1363.787,"endTime":1367.717,"body":"We can look at things in great detail"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1363.787,"endTime":1367.717,"body":"very quickly, but you just got to make"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1367.717,"endTime":1371.947,"body":"them aware that it's still the early"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1367.717,"endTime":1371.947,"body":"iterations and we can produce the next"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1371.947,"endTime":1375.997,"body":"evolve design to a same level of detail"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1371.947,"endTime":1375.997,"body":"if not more using the technology."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1377.107,"endTime":1378.907,"body":"And I think"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1377.107,"endTime":1378.907,"body":"there's something around."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1380.097,"endTime":1385.617,"body":"Speed and time sometimes doing"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1380.097,"endTime":1385.617,"body":"things quickly is good because then"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1385.617,"endTime":1389.097,"body":"it means people might not be in the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1385.617,"endTime":1389.097,"body":"office till nine o'clock every night."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1390.192,"endTime":1391.392,"body":"So I think that's a good thing."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1391.902,"endTime":1395.652,"body":"And I also think that sometimes"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1391.902,"endTime":1395.652,"body":"projects are overworked."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1396.012,"endTime":1399.972,"body":"So the ability to have endless"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1396.012,"endTime":1399.972,"body":"options shouldn't always mean that you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1399.972,"endTime":1401.892,"body":"should always make all the options."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1401.991,"endTime":1406.101,"body":"And this is something else, you know,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1401.991,"endTime":1406.101,"body":"we talk about here in the school of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1406.101,"endTime":1409.831,"body":"architecture, which is around working"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1406.101,"endTime":1409.831,"body":"hours, culture and mental health."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1410.251,"endTime":1414.116,"body":"And how design is on one"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1410.251,"endTime":1414.116,"body":"level, quite intangible."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1414.116,"endTime":1417.656,"body":"And there are a number of unknowns"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1414.116,"endTime":1417.656,"body":"that you're constantly dealing with and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1417.656,"endTime":1421.316,"body":"we try and encourage the students to"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1417.656,"endTime":1421.316,"body":"realize that dealing with the unknowns"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1421.316,"endTime":1423.296,"body":"is a normal part of the process."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1423.536,"endTime":1426.896,"body":"It's not because you not good at what"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1423.536,"endTime":1426.896,"body":"you're doing so that this is what I"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1426.896,"endTime":1429.736,"body":"call the positive gray or the area"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1426.896,"endTime":1429.736,"body":"in the middle of the design process."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1430.026,"endTime":1432.186,"body":"We're not quite sure where"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1430.026,"endTime":1432.186,"body":"it's going to land, but if you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1432.186,"endTime":1434.164,"body":"stay with it always will land."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1434.217,"endTime":1437.967,"body":"And I think you need to take time away"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1434.217,"endTime":1437.967,"body":"from the keyboard or the drawing board"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1438.297,"endTime":1442.747,"body":"or the model making table and go and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1438.297,"endTime":1442.747,"body":"live everyday life and then come back."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1442.747,"endTime":1446.184,"body":"because how can you design for"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1442.747,"endTime":1446.184,"body":"everyday life if you're not living it?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1446.364,"endTime":1449.018,"body":"So, you know, these architects you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1446.364,"endTime":1449.018,"body":"know, this culture of working late into"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1449.018,"endTime":1452.571,"body":"the night because you know, they're so"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1449.018,"endTime":1452.571,"body":"passionate and they do a such a great job."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1452.571,"endTime":1454.221,"body":"And it's like a badge of honor."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1454.551,"endTime":1456.441,"body":"It's kind of problematic."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1456.591,"endTime":1457.161,"body":"Fair enough."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1457.191,"endTime":1459.741,"body":"You know, when you're reaching a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1457.191,"endTime":1459.741,"body":"deadline, if you've got to have a push"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1460.071,"endTime":1463.8,"body":"that's fair enough, but you shouldn't"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1460.071,"endTime":1463.8,"body":"be the norm that culture of the, you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1463.8,"endTime":1465.09,"body":"know, the long hours working culture."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1465.3,"endTime":1468.36,"body":"And I think some of that comes from"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1465.3,"endTime":1468.36,"body":"schools of architecture, especially"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1468.36,"endTime":1471.72,"body":"when they say we're open 24 hours"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1468.36,"endTime":1471.72,"body":"a day, because all that's saying"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1471.72,"endTime":1473.61,"body":"is you should be here 24 hours."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1473.61,"endTime":1476.31,"body":"It's not saying you can pick"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1473.61,"endTime":1476.31,"body":"and choose when you may or"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1476.31,"endTime":1477.59,"body":"may not come to the school."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1477.7,"endTime":1481.15,"body":"So here at Sheffield, we close the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1477.7,"endTime":1481.15,"body":"studio eight o'clock in the evening,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1481.45,"endTime":1485.73,"body":"and because we're sending a very strong"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1481.45,"endTime":1485.73,"body":"signal an out about working hours culture."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1486.49,"endTime":1487.58,"body":"Yeah, were guilty of that."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1487.58,"endTime":1492.648,"body":"I think when we were there, you know,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1487.58,"endTime":1492.648,"body":"I lived in a house of architects and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1492.648,"endTime":1495.738,"body":"you know, who stayed up the latest,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1492.648,"endTime":1495.738,"body":"who stayed up all night, you know?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1495.738,"endTime":1496.278,"body":"And it wasn't."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1497.238,"endTime":1498.688,"body":"Yeah, it was a badge of honor."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1498.688,"endTime":1499.846,"body":"And I'm glad it's changing."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1500.156,"endTime":1502.171,"body":"And so talking about"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1500.156,"endTime":1502.171,"body":"things that are changing."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1502.171,"endTime":1505.271,"body":"So we talked about how"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1502.171,"endTime":1505.271,"body":"we create information."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1505.295,"endTime":1508.715,"body":"What about the changing role of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1505.295,"endTime":1508.715,"body":"the architect in the coming years?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1508.715,"endTime":1509.885,"body":"How do you see that's changing?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1509.895,"endTime":1512.975,"body":"So we touched about it in terms"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1509.895,"endTime":1512.975,"body":"of education, in terms of how"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1512.975,"endTime":1514.745,"body":"we represent our buildings."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1514.955,"endTime":1516.065,"body":"What about the role."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1517.005,"endTime":1521.295,"body":"So I often think about this because"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1517.005,"endTime":1521.295,"body":"if you look at, you know, if you were"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1521.295,"endTime":1525.554,"body":"to pick up on our RIBA journal from"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1521.295,"endTime":1525.554,"body":"1965, there would be an article on"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1525.554,"endTime":1527.324,"body":"the changing role of the architect."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1527.744,"endTime":1532.454,"body":"This is an ongoing conversation,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1527.744,"endTime":1532.454,"body":"and I don't think it's anything"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1533.264,"endTime":1534.956,"body":"specific to the current profession."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1534.956,"endTime":1537.923,"body":"But what I would say is that the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1534.956,"endTime":1537.923,"body":"profession needs to be mindful"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1537.923,"endTime":1539.343,"body":"that it doesn't become irrelevant."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1540.543,"endTime":1545.198,"body":"And  the way it will maintain"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1540.543,"endTime":1545.198,"body":"relevance is by ensuring that we can"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1545.198,"endTime":1549.608,"body":"best communicate what it is we do"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1545.198,"endTime":1549.608,"body":"and why, what we do is our value."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1550.688,"endTime":1554.665,"body":"And, and for me, that happens"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1550.688,"endTime":1554.665,"body":"through being quite clear about"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1554.995,"endTime":1559.195,"body":"what we do, why it's valuable and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1554.995,"endTime":1559.195,"body":"then how we can create change."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1559.196,"endTime":1562.247,"body":"And that happens through"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1559.196,"endTime":1562.247,"body":"students being well-equipped."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1563.157,"endTime":1565.437,"body":"To sort of respond to situations."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1565.857,"endTime":1570.777,"body":"And I also think that the traditional"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1565.857,"endTime":1570.777,"body":"role of the architect is one predicated"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1570.777,"endTime":1577.167,"body":"by contractual law and by legislation"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1570.777,"endTime":1577.167,"body":"and the professional bodies, which on"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1577.167,"endTime":1580.722,"body":"one level we don't have much of a say"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1577.167,"endTime":1580.722,"body":"in, and we have to work with that."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1581.052,"endTime":1586.632,"body":"But I think around that there are students"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1581.052,"endTime":1586.632,"body":"and practices setting up now who might"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1586.632,"endTime":1591.072,"body":"call themselves special consultants,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1586.632,"endTime":1591.072,"body":"or they might call themselves creative"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1591.072,"endTime":1596.973,"body":"directors, or they might call themselves"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1591.072,"endTime":1596.973,"body":"you know space changers or something."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1597.003,"endTime":1600.293,"body":"They might not call themselves architects,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1597.003,"endTime":1600.293,"body":"but the role that they're fulfilling is"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1600.323,"endTime":1602.323,"body":"similar, but it's slightly different."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1603.293,"endTime":1606.978,"body":"I think the skills are very, very"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1603.293,"endTime":1606.978,"body":"valuable in lots of different arenas."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1606.978,"endTime":1609.872,"body":"But I think the biggest challenges"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1606.978,"endTime":1609.872,"body":"the profession faces essentially"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1609.872,"endTime":1611.672,"body":"is is there enough work?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1612.427,"endTime":1616.147,"body":"Who is doing the work and what"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1612.427,"endTime":1616.147,"body":"is an appropriate fee to charge"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1616.157,"endTime":1619.127,"body":"to have a sustainable practice."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1619.547,"endTime":1623.539,"body":"And I often speak with my students"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1619.547,"endTime":1623.539,"body":"about what is an appropriate"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1623.539,"endTime":1625.099,"body":"fee to charge on a project."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1625.339,"endTime":1628.879,"body":"And how do you ensure that you can"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1625.339,"endTime":1628.879,"body":"put bread on the table, but ideally"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1628.879,"endTime":1633.289,"body":"that would be a flavorsome bread"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1628.879,"endTime":1633.289,"body":"rather than the cheapest bread that"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1633.289,"endTime":1634.909,"body":"you can buy from the supermarket."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1635.059,"endTime":1638.149,"body":"So, you know, we have"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1635.059,"endTime":1638.149,"body":"to maintain relevant."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1638.239,"endTime":1641.149,"body":"And I think the other thing"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1638.239,"endTime":1641.149,"body":"that I think is fascinating"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1641.149,"endTime":1644.779,"body":"is the role of the contractor"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1641.149,"endTime":1644.779,"body":"potentially could be diminished."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1644.869,"endTime":1648.109,"body":"Although contractors might not"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1644.869,"endTime":1648.109,"body":"be happy to hear that because we"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1648.109,"endTime":1652.134,"body":"have the technology that allows us"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1648.109,"endTime":1652.134,"body":"to design something on a machine."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1652.134,"endTime":1657.294,"body":"And then for that file to goes directly"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1652.134,"endTime":1657.294,"body":"either to a robot or a community group who"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1657.294,"endTime":1661.224,"body":"might saw the bits of wood up themselves"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1657.294,"endTime":1661.224,"body":"and put the project together themselves."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1661.374,"endTime":1666.254,"body":"So I think sometimes the legislation"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1661.374,"endTime":1666.254,"body":"and the procurement scenarios don't"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1666.254,"endTime":1669.494,"body":"necessarily get in the way but they kind"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1666.254,"endTime":1669.494,"body":"of, it's a bit of a straight jacket."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1670.659,"endTime":1673.989,"body":"Yeah, I think linking a"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1670.659,"endTime":1673.989,"body":"big thing for Bryden Wood is, is getting"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1673.989,"endTime":1678.143,"body":"the intelligence out of the supply chain"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1673.989,"endTime":1678.143,"body":"and using that intelligence to deliver"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1678.143,"endTime":1680.47,"body":"better value to the end product really."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1680.47,"endTime":1684.344,"body":"And we're always reaching and seeking"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1680.47,"endTime":1684.344,"body":"that intelligence and that experience"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1684.344,"endTime":1688.517,"body":"from the sub-contractors the specialists,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1684.344,"endTime":1688.517,"body":"the experts, the fabricators."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1688.528,"endTime":1694.105,"body":"And yes, we do reach down there and we're"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1688.528,"endTime":1694.105,"body":"able to we have a robotics lead and we"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1694.105,"endTime":1700.119,"body":"fabricate a lot of our D f MA projects by"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1694.105,"endTime":1700.119,"body":"using those techniques really and sending"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1700.119,"endTime":1705.244,"body":"or exporting the files straight to the"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1700.119,"endTime":1705.244,"body":"fabricators robotics or a process line."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1705.244,"endTime":1708.777,"body":"Which is something that I think will"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1705.244,"endTime":1708.777,"body":"be a great change in architecture"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1708.777,"endTime":1712.033,"body":"and construction in the coming"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1708.777,"endTime":1712.033,"body":"years  With regard to Sheffield, is"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1712.033,"endTime":1716.273,"body":"it's still in demand, I guess you"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1712.033,"endTime":1716.273,"body":"are oversubscribed with students?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1716.723,"endTime":1716.843,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1716.873,"endTime":1720.83,"body":"As you know, you know, the school has"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1716.873,"endTime":1720.83,"body":"a reputation  which is a very good one."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1720.885,"endTime":1724.395,"body":"And we're very much interested in"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1720.885,"endTime":1724.395,"body":"the social purpose of architecture,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1724.725,"endTime":1728.503,"body":"but also you know, designing"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1724.725,"endTime":1728.503,"body":"buildings and projects of merit."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1728.561,"endTime":1732.631,"body":"And  students that come through the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1728.561,"endTime":1732.631,"body":"system and leave are often in demand."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1732.871,"endTime":1736.501,"body":"And I think one of the reasons is because"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1732.871,"endTime":1736.501,"body":"they're seem to be canny and flexible"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1736.771,"endTime":1738.241,"body":"and they can think around things."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1738.361,"endTime":1740.336,"body":"They're good listeners,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1738.361,"endTime":1740.336,"body":"good communicators."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1740.336,"endTime":1744.298,"body":"And they're not, they're not peacocks,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1740.336,"endTime":1744.298,"body":"you know, they're a bit more willing"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1744.298,"endTime":1747.548,"body":"to integrate and to sort of think"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1744.298,"endTime":1747.548,"body":"around things, which I think they're"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1747.548,"endTime":1750.384,"body":"are the kind of people that, you"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1747.548,"endTime":1750.384,"body":"know practices want in the workplace"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1750.414,"endTime":1751.824,"body":"and clients like working with."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1752.684,"endTime":1753.174,"body":"Excellent."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1753.204,"endTime":1756.125,"body":"And we've obviously touched"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1753.204,"endTime":1756.125,"body":"on your Dengineers work."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1756.207,"endTime":1759.927,"body":"But how do you see that we can attract"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1756.207,"endTime":1759.927,"body":"a wider range an even wider range"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1759.927,"endTime":1763.557,"body":"of people into the profession, which"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1759.927,"endTime":1763.557,"body":"obviously starts with the route through"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1763.557,"endTime":1765.447,"body":"the degree, or should that change?"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1765.477,"endTime":1767.897,"body":"Do you need a degree to"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1765.477,"endTime":1767.897,"body":"practice architecture?"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1767.897,"endTime":1772.817,"body":"Should we be looking at that change"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1767.897,"endTime":1772.817,"body":"and have more of a apprenticeship"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1772.817,"endTime":1774.937,"body":"type role from the very early stages?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1775.832,"endTime":1778.022,"body":"I think the more"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1775.832,"endTime":1778.022,"body":"options that are available for"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1778.022,"endTime":1782.195,"body":"students, the better, because choice"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1778.022,"endTime":1782.195,"body":"is absolutely fundamental because"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1782.195,"endTime":1785.135,"body":"someone might not have the money"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1782.195,"endTime":1785.135,"body":"or they might want to live at home."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1785.135,"endTime":1786.485,"body":"They might not move somewhere else."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1786.695,"endTime":1788.045,"body":"They might still want to work."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1788.345,"endTime":1790.985,"body":"There might be a students"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1788.345,"endTime":1790.985,"body":"might be more mature."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1791.015,"endTime":1793.695,"body":"They might  already have a"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1791.015,"endTime":1793.695,"body":"family,  education, you know,"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1793.695,"endTime":1795.334,"body":"needs to continue opening up."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1795.334,"endTime":1799.482,"body":"Which I think is something that's"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1795.334,"endTime":1799.482,"body":"absolutely You know, fundamental really"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1799.722,"endTime":1803.592,"body":"to change the nature, not just of, of"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1799.722,"endTime":1803.592,"body":"the profession, but allows students who"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1804.072,"endTime":1808.762,"body":"have got different life experience into"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1804.072,"endTime":1808.762,"body":"into, into practice and, you know, into"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1808.762,"endTime":1810.352,"body":"sort of developing themselves as well."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1811.222,"endTime":1811.462,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1811.564,"endTime":1814.783,"body":"And finally, I guess, a question"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1811.564,"endTime":1814.783,"body":"is, how optimistic are you of the"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1814.823,"endTime":1818.483,"body":"architecture and construction sector,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1814.823,"endTime":1818.483,"body":"maybe focusing on architecture,"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1818.483,"endTime":1820.394,"body":"of course as a role in society"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1820.853,"endTime":1823.668,"body":"I'm absolutely"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1820.853,"endTime":1823.668,"body":"optimistic, you know, you have to be"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1823.668,"endTime":1827.358,"body":"optimistic to be a designer because you're"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1823.668,"endTime":1827.358,"body":"dealing with uncertainty and unknowns."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1827.538,"endTime":1832.359,"body":"So sometimes you know, you might have"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1827.538,"endTime":1832.359,"body":"moments of pessimism, but I think if"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1832.359,"endTime":1835.795,"body":"you speak to some of the students and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1832.359,"endTime":1835.795,"body":"you'll know this from some of the younger"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1835.795,"endTime":1840.505,"body":"members of staff that you might have on"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1835.795,"endTime":1840.505,"body":"the whole, they're eager and willing and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1840.505,"endTime":1843.914,"body":"they want to learn, and there is a kind"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1840.505,"endTime":1843.914,"body":"of change the world kind of mentality."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1844.061,"endTime":1849.036,"body":"Which is around climate change and"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1844.061,"endTime":1849.036,"body":"injustice and sort of political activism."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1849.066,"endTime":1853.476,"body":"And I think those aspects are as"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1849.066,"endTime":1853.476,"body":"important as where do you put the front"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1853.476,"endTime":1855.156,"body":"door and is there a shadow gap or not?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1855.156,"endTime":1858.726,"body":"And you know, what, what materials"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1855.156,"endTime":1858.726,"body":"are you going to use for a project?"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1858.726,"endTime":1863.076,"body":"And I think working with those two things"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1858.726,"endTime":1863.076,"body":"simultaneously with students who are"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1863.466,"endTime":1867.466,"body":"sort of passionate and engage with the"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1863.466,"endTime":1867.466,"body":"support of practices like yourselves"},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1867.466,"endTime":1868.996,"body":"you know, I'm absolutely optimistic."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1870.366,"endTime":1871.056,"body":"Fantastic."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1871.086,"endTime":1875.586,"body":"It's been fantastic chatting to"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1871.086,"endTime":1875.586,"body":"you, Satwin der thank you very much."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1876.516,"endTime":1877.236,"body":"Thanks so much."},{"speaker":"Satwinder Samra","startTime":1877.266,"endTime":1878.106,"body":"Absolute pleasure"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1878.465,"endTime":1881.645,"body":"Thank you for listening to"},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1878.465,"endTime":1881.645,"body":"this edition of Built Environment Matters."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1881.735,"endTime":1882.905,"body":"Please join us again."},{"speaker":"Paul O'Neill","startTime":1882.965,"endTime":1883.565,"body":"Next time."}]}