{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":3.827,"endTime":8.157,"body":"It's a rapid one step"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":3.827,"endTime":8.157,"body":"process that streamlines the entire"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":8.157,"endTime":13.861,"body":"production of lithium ion batteries"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":8.157,"endTime":13.861,"body":"and reduces cost, it reduces carbon"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":13.861,"endTime":18.211,"body":"dioxide footprint, it reduces space"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":13.861,"endTime":18.211,"body":"requirements, you know, OPEX and CAPEX."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":18.271,"endTime":19.621,"body":"It's, it's a game changer."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":20.366,"endTime":22.436,"body":"Good morning, good"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":20.366,"endTime":22.436,"body":"afternoon, or good evening,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":22.446,"endTime":23.946,"body":"wherever you are in the world."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":24.266,"endTime":27.996,"body":"This is the Climate Confident"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":24.266,"endTime":27.996,"body":"podcast, the number one podcast"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":28.136,"endTime":31.906,"body":"showcasing best practices in climate"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":28.136,"endTime":31.906,"body":"emission reductions and removals."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":32.336,"endTime":34.276,"body":"And I'm your host, Tom Raftery."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":34.436,"endTime":38.196,"body":"Don't forget to click follow on this"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":34.436,"endTime":38.196,"body":"podcast in your podcast app of choice"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":38.356,"endTime":40.716,"body":"to be sure you don't miss any episodes."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":41.5,"endTime":42.04,"body":"Hi, everyone."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":42.07,"endTime":45.31,"body":"Welcome to episode 190 of the"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":42.07,"endTime":45.31,"body":"climate confident podcast."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":45.82,"endTime":47.29,"body":"My name is Tom Raftery."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":47.32,"endTime":50.14,"body":"And before we kick off today's"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":47.32,"endTime":50.14,"body":"show, I want to take a moment to"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":50.14,"endTime":54.04,"body":"express my gratitude to all of"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":50.14,"endTime":54.04,"body":"this podcast's amazing supporters."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":54.55,"endTime":58.18,"body":"Your support has been instrumental in"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":54.55,"endTime":58.18,"body":"keeping the podcast going, and I'm really"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":58.18,"endTime":59.92,"body":"grateful for each and every one of you."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":60.64,"endTime":64.24,"body":"If you're not already a supporter, I'd"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":60.64,"endTime":64.24,"body":"like to encourage you to consider joining"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":64.24,"endTime":67.39,"body":"our community of like-minded individuals"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":64.24,"endTime":67.39,"body":"who are passionate about climate."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":68.08,"endTime":71.56,"body":"Supporting the podcast is easy and"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":68.08,"endTime":71.56,"body":"affordable with options starting as low"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":71.56,"endTime":73.39,"body":"as just three Euros or dollars a month."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":74.08,"endTime":77.05,"body":"That's less than the cost of a"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":74.08,"endTime":77.05,"body":"cup of coffee and your support"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":77.05,"endTime":80.23,"body":"will make a huge difference in"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":77.05,"endTime":80.23,"body":"keeping this show going strong."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":80.89,"endTime":81.88,"body":"To become a supporter."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":81.88,"endTime":84.4,"body":"You simply click on the support"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":81.88,"endTime":84.4,"body":"link in the show notes of"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":84.4,"endTime":86.23,"body":"this or any episode, or visit."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":86.89,"endTime":89.62,"body":"Tiny url.com/climate pod."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":90.79,"endTime":92.92,"body":"In today's episode, I'm talking to Dr."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":92.92,"endTime":95.53,"body":"Dennis Phares and we're"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":92.92,"endTime":95.53,"body":"talking about batteries."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":96.64,"endTime":101.683,"body":"And in upcoming episodes, I'll be talking"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":96.64,"endTime":101.683,"body":"to Professor Valerie Thomas from Georgia"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":101.683,"endTime":105.253,"body":"Tech, Ralph Loura from sustainable it.org."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":105.583,"endTime":111.103,"body":"Victor Meier from Glice, and"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":105.583,"endTime":111.103,"body":"David Nicholson from Mercy Corps."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":111.733,"endTime":115.093,"body":"But back to today's episode,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":111.733,"endTime":115.093,"body":"as I said, I'm talking to."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":115.483,"endTime":116.503,"body":"Dennis Phares."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":116.893,"endTime":119.113,"body":"Dennis, welcome to the podcast."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":119.113,"endTime":120.673,"body":"Would you like to introduce yourself?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":121.373,"endTime":121.643,"body":"Sure."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":121.663,"endTime":125.323,"body":"My name is Denis Phares and I am"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":121.663,"endTime":125.323,"body":"the founder and chief executive"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":125.323,"endTime":126.903,"body":"officer of Dragonfly Energy."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":127.553,"endTime":128.103,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":128.153,"endTime":131.433,"body":"And Denis, what is Dragonfly Energy?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":132.883,"endTime":134.043,"body":"Well,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":132.883,"endTime":134.043,"body":"I'm glad you asked, Tom."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":134.183,"endTime":134.723,"body":"Dragonfly"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":134.913,"endTime":136.913,"body":"It would have been"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":134.913,"endTime":136.913,"body":"a very short podcast if I didn't."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":137.673,"endTime":137.993,"body":"That's right."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":138.213,"endTime":138.773,"body":"We're done."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":138.773,"endTime":139.143,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":139.143,"endTime":139.733,"body":"Good to go."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":140.143,"endTime":142.123,"body":"No, we are a, we're a battery company."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":142.123,"endTime":144.263,"body":"We specialize in lithium ion batteries."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":144.313,"endTime":148.863,"body":"And I like to say that we are a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":144.313,"endTime":148.863,"body":"comprehensive technology company."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":148.863,"endTime":153.543,"body":"So we do everything from R\u0026 D at"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":148.863,"endTime":153.543,"body":"the fundamental chemistry level,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":154.093,"endTime":158.373,"body":"developing manufacturing processes"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":154.093,"endTime":158.373,"body":"to streamline the production of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":158.373,"endTime":162.213,"body":"lithium ion batteries, especially"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":158.373,"endTime":162.213,"body":"domestically in the United States."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":162.683,"endTime":164.273,"body":"We make battery packs."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":164.353,"endTime":167.643,"body":"We have a very popular brand"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":164.353,"endTime":167.643,"body":"called Battle Born Batteries."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":167.983,"endTime":173.003,"body":"We sell these packs and systems in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":167.983,"endTime":173.003,"body":"the marine space, in the RV space."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":173.013,"endTime":176.173,"body":"We're building out some new"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":173.013,"endTime":176.173,"body":"downstream verticals in oil and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":176.173,"endTime":178.563,"body":"gas and in heavy duty trucking."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":178.843,"endTime":184.393,"body":"The mission is actually to enhance"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":178.843,"endTime":184.393,"body":"renewable energy to mitigate"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":184.473,"endTime":191.033,"body":"greenhouse gases like methane"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":184.473,"endTime":191.033,"body":"and ultimately we are a combined"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":191.123,"endTime":193.413,"body":"technology sales and marketing company."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":193.413,"endTime":194.513,"body":"So it's pretty unique."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":194.843,"endTime":199.473,"body":"And we are looking to to grow and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":194.843,"endTime":199.473,"body":"become a big player in the storage"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":199.493,"endTime":202.743,"body":"market as it becomes more and more"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":199.493,"endTime":202.743,"body":"important throughout the century."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":203.278,"endTime":203.668,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":203.718,"endTime":203.928,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":203.938,"endTime":207.008,"body":"I mean, it's, it's a market that"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":203.938,"endTime":207.008,"body":"is going to grow enormously in the"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":207.008,"endTime":211.258,"body":"next few decades, but before we get"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":207.008,"endTime":211.258,"body":"to that, give me a little bit about"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":211.258,"endTime":215.648,"body":"the origin story of Dragonfly Energy"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":211.258,"endTime":215.648,"body":"and where did the name come from?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":217.423,"endTime":221.143,"body":"Well, well, the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":217.423,"endTime":221.143,"body":"name's easy because I was brainstorming"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":221.143,"endTime":225.073,"body":"names with my with my wife and kids"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":221.143,"endTime":225.073,"body":"and my wife came up with that one."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":225.073,"endTime":226.693,"body":"And it seemed like a great name."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":226.703,"endTime":228.053,"body":"You know, it was available."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":228.083,"endTime":230.963,"body":"Dragonfly Energy suggests efficiency."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":230.963,"endTime":233.163,"body":"Dragonflies are very efficient creatures."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":233.163,"endTime":236.583,"body":"They've been around for a very,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":233.163,"endTime":236.583,"body":"very long time reflecting the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":236.583,"endTime":238.233,"body":"longevity of lithium ion batteries."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":238.233,"endTime":239.703,"body":"So I thought it was a perfect name."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":240.353,"endTime":243.833,"body":"And as for the, the origin my"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":240.353,"endTime":243.833,"body":"background is technical, so"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":243.833,"endTime":246.683,"body":"I, I have a PhD from Caltech."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":246.743,"endTime":248.243,"body":"I went and I did a postdoc."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":248.243,"endTime":250.663,"body":"I became a, a professor."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":251.053,"endTime":256.656,"body":"I taught engineering first at Texas"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":251.053,"endTime":256.656,"body":"A\u0026M, and then at at USC  I got tenure"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":256.656,"endTime":261.773,"body":"and I've kind of well, on the way to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":256.656,"endTime":261.773,"body":"a you know, wonderful career as in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":261.773,"endTime":267.743,"body":"academics and I kind of got a bug, I"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":261.773,"endTime":267.743,"body":"guess, during that whole process and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":267.853,"endTime":274.243,"body":"decided that the best way for me to make"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":267.853,"endTime":274.243,"body":"a more rapid impact, particularly on"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":274.243,"endTime":279.283,"body":"issues focused on climate change, was,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":274.243,"endTime":279.283,"body":"was to do so through entrepreneurship."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":279.833,"endTime":284.225,"body":"And my background was studying small"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":279.833,"endTime":284.225,"body":"particles, particularly small particles in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":284.225,"endTime":289.785,"body":"the atmosphere, how they affect health and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":284.225,"endTime":289.785,"body":"climate, and eventually made my way around"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":289.785,"endTime":296.225,"body":"to producing small particles, very small,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":289.785,"endTime":296.225,"body":"ultrafine or even nanoparticles, making"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":296.225,"endTime":301.145,"body":"devices out of them, like dye sensitized"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":296.225,"endTime":301.145,"body":"solar cells or fuel cells, ultimately made"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":301.145,"endTime":303.905,"body":"my way around to lithium ion batteries."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":304.335,"endTime":308.845,"body":"And I started looking at ways"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":304.335,"endTime":308.845,"body":"to put particles on a surface"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":308.875,"endTime":310.625,"body":"in a very efficient manner."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":310.855,"endTime":313.195,"body":"This was, you know,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":310.855,"endTime":313.195,"body":"well over a decade ago."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":313.705,"endTime":318.625,"body":"And if you know what the inside of the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":313.705,"endTime":318.625,"body":"lithium ion battery looks like, the anode"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":318.625,"endTime":323.395,"body":"and the cathode is basically micro or"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":318.625,"endTime":323.395,"body":"even nanoparticle films on a foil surface."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":323.835,"endTime":327.735,"body":"And so when I started working on"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":323.835,"endTime":327.735,"body":"these what are called dry electrode"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":327.885,"endTime":330.535,"body":"methods I became very excited about it."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":330.575,"endTime":337.713,"body":"I left my job in academia in Southern"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":330.575,"endTime":337.713,"body":"California moved up to Reno specifically"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":337.713,"endTime":341.693,"body":"to start a lithium ion battery company"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":337.713,"endTime":341.693,"body":"because this was back in 2012 and I was"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":341.713,"endTime":347.226,"body":"pretty familiar with the distribution of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":341.713,"endTime":347.226,"body":"lithium in the United States and I knew"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":347.226,"endTime":348.926,"body":"Nevada was going to be a big player."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":349.346,"endTime":352.396,"body":"I got an MBA at the local"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":349.346,"endTime":352.396,"body":"university, launched the company"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":352.396,"endTime":354.366,"body":"and here we are a decade later."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":355.951,"endTime":356.351,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":356.351,"endTime":362.611,"body":"Now, you mentioned using, well, you"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":356.351,"endTime":362.611,"body":"mentioned dry lithium ion batteries."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":362.841,"endTime":367.401,"body":"I'm phrasing it terribly because I am"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":362.841,"endTime":367.401,"body":"not completely au fait with it, but"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":367.681,"endTime":374.101,"body":"I know, for example, from watching"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":367.681,"endTime":374.101,"body":"Elon Musk's famous battery day back"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":374.101,"endTime":375.951,"body":"in September, I think it was 22."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":377.441,"endTime":381.381,"body":"that he talked about they were coming"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":377.441,"endTime":381.381,"body":"up with a process for dry manufacturing"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":381.381,"endTime":385.461,"body":"lithium ion batteries for their 4680"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":381.381,"endTime":385.461,"body":"cells, which I still, which I think they"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":385.461,"endTime":387.431,"body":"still haven't managed to do in volume."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":387.941,"endTime":393.611,"body":"So explain for people who are listening,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":387.941,"endTime":393.611,"body":"who might not be familiar, the difference"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":393.611,"endTime":401.431,"body":"between manufacturing them dry as opposed"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":393.611,"endTime":401.431,"body":"to wet, which is the standard today, what"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":401.431,"endTime":404.791,"body":"the advantages of dry versus wet are."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":405.533,"endTime":410.083,"body":"So the dry"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":405.533,"endTime":410.083,"body":"electrode process basically it means"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":410.093,"endTime":413.363,"body":"specifically you're eliminating"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":410.093,"endTime":413.363,"body":"the solvent in the process."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":413.393,"endTime":419.693,"body":"And typically the way you put particles"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":413.393,"endTime":419.693,"body":"on a surface in the industry now is"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":419.693,"endTime":423.373,"body":"you take the particles, whether they're"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":419.693,"endTime":423.373,"body":"graphite anode particles, or let's"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":423.373,"endTime":427.188,"body":"say NMC or or LFP cathode particles."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":427.518,"endTime":431.548,"body":"You mix them with the electrical"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":427.518,"endTime":431.548,"body":"conductor, the carbon you put in a binder,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":431.863,"endTime":438.013,"body":"a polymer typically and you dissolve the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":431.863,"endTime":438.013,"body":"polymer in a solvent, you make a paste and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":438.013,"endTime":442.073,"body":"then you, or a slurry, and then you paste"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":438.013,"endTime":442.073,"body":"that slurry on the foil and then you have"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":442.073,"endTime":444.563,"body":"to evaporate that solvent from the film."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":444.963,"endTime":448.963,"body":"And that evaporation process"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":444.963,"endTime":448.963,"body":"has been perfected over decades,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":448.993,"endTime":451.153,"body":"but it is it's a long process."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":451.153,"endTime":452.553,"body":"It's energy intensive."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":453.083,"endTime":457.703,"body":"And the, the solvents, themselves"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":453.083,"endTime":457.703,"body":"tend to be toxic and expensive."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":457.703,"endTime":459.093,"body":"So they need to be reclaimed."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":459.423,"endTime":462.753,"body":"So in the dry process, you're"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":459.423,"endTime":462.753,"body":"basically putting the particles on"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":462.753,"endTime":464.503,"body":"the surface without that solvent."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":465.043,"endTime":468.963,"body":"What Elon Musk and Tesla did"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":465.043,"endTime":468.963,"body":"was they focused on a process"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":468.963,"endTime":473.513,"body":"that was developed by a advanced"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":468.963,"endTime":473.513,"body":"capacitor company called Maxwell."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":473.563,"endTime":478.063,"body":"And they ended up acquiring"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":473.563,"endTime":478.063,"body":"Maxwell in 2019, I think it was."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":478.583,"endTime":484.518,"body":"And what Maxwell did to address the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":478.583,"endTime":484.518,"body":"issue is, they used an extrusion process"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":484.538,"endTime":489.998,"body":"where they mix they mix the particles"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":484.538,"endTime":489.998,"body":"with a, a type of polymer that can kind"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":489.998,"endTime":494.488,"body":"of stretch out and, and when you, when"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":489.998,"endTime":494.488,"body":"you shear it together, it kind of bonds"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":494.488,"endTime":499.448,"body":"all the particles together and they get"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":494.488,"endTime":499.448,"body":"a freestanding anode or cathode film"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":499.448,"endTime":501.538,"body":"that they can then laminate on the foil."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":501.788,"endTime":503.438,"body":"So that's their process."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":503.858,"endTime":506.728,"body":"What our process is, it's,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":503.858,"endTime":506.728,"body":"it's actually very different."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":506.738,"endTime":512.483,"body":"We we pre treat the particles so we"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":506.738,"endTime":512.483,"body":"can pre in pre encapsulate them in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":512.483,"endTime":514.243,"body":"the binder and it could be any binder."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":514.243,"endTime":518.533,"body":"We are binder and chemistry agnostic"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":514.243,"endTime":518.533,"body":"and then we use an electrostatic"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":518.533,"endTime":523.163,"body":"powder coating process whereby"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":518.533,"endTime":523.163,"body":"we take a relatively conventional"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":523.333,"endTime":527.983,"body":"electrostatic powder coating"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":523.333,"endTime":527.983,"body":"gun and that gun makes a corona."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":528.278,"endTime":532.158,"body":"The ions in the air attach to the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":528.278,"endTime":532.158,"body":"particles, they charge the particles."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":532.418,"endTime":535.938,"body":"They're driven to a substrate"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":532.418,"endTime":535.938,"body":"that is close to ground."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":536.178,"endTime":538.828,"body":"That substrate is actually heated."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":538.838,"endTime":542.973,"body":"So, conventionally in powder coating, you"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":538.838,"endTime":542.973,"body":"don't have to heat the substrate because"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":542.973,"endTime":546.453,"body":"you get electrostatic attraction between"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":542.973,"endTime":546.453,"body":"the particles and the, and the foil."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":546.743,"endTime":549.633,"body":"In our case, you don't cause"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":546.743,"endTime":549.633,"body":"it's electrically conductive."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":549.633,"endTime":552.063,"body":"The particles stick and they"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":549.633,"endTime":552.063,"body":"get pressed into a film."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":552.073,"endTime":558.213,"body":"It's a, it's a rapid one step process"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":552.073,"endTime":558.213,"body":"that streamlines the entire production of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":558.213,"endTime":561.106,"body":"lithium ion batteries and reduces cost."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":561.116,"endTime":565.646,"body":"It reduces carbon dioxide footprint,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":561.116,"endTime":565.646,"body":"it reduces space requirements,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":565.656,"endTime":567.126,"body":"you know, OPEX and CAPEX."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":567.186,"endTime":568.536,"body":"It's, it's a game changer."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":569.211,"endTime":574.361,"body":"Okay, because famously when"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":569.211,"endTime":574.361,"body":"people talk about, for example, EVs, they"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":574.361,"endTime":579.751,"body":"talk about the high carbon footprint of"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":574.361,"endTime":579.751,"body":"manufacturing the EVs, the vast majority"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":579.751,"endTime":582.771,"body":"of that being in the batteries themselves."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":582.961,"endTime":587.261,"body":"So you're saying batteries made using"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":582.961,"endTime":587.261,"body":"your process wouldn't suffer that kind"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":587.261,"endTime":592.501,"body":"of initial carbon footprint of the"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":587.261,"endTime":592.501,"body":"manufacture of the, of the batteries."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":593.391,"endTime":595.101,"body":"It reduces"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":593.391,"endTime":595.101,"body":"the carbon footprint."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":595.141,"endTime":599.321,"body":"So, you know, there's, if you look at"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":595.141,"endTime":599.321,"body":"the entire process from mining all the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":599.321,"endTime":602.631,"body":"way to producing the packs, obviously"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":599.321,"endTime":602.631,"body":"there's going to be a carbon footprint."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":602.701,"endTime":603.201,"body":"Sure."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":603.681,"endTime":606.701,"body":"you know, the goal"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":603.681,"endTime":606.701,"body":"here is to ensure that over the lifetime"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":607.071,"endTime":611.731,"body":"of the storage combined with renewable"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":607.071,"endTime":611.731,"body":"energy, you, you actually pay that back."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":612.796,"endTime":613.666,"body":"Nice, nice."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":613.926,"endTime":619.006,"body":"And it's, you also said chemistry"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":613.926,"endTime":619.006,"body":"agnostic, so it could be lithium ion,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":619.466,"endTime":625.616,"body":"as in lithium iron, or NMC, or whatever"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":619.466,"endTime":625.616,"body":"other chemistry that's in there."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":626.556,"endTime":627.256,"body":"That's correct."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":627.426,"endTime":627.736,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":627.756,"endTime":632.156,"body":"The process itself can be applied to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":627.756,"endTime":632.156,"body":"any conductive powder, but we've, we've"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":632.156,"endTime":639.826,"body":"applied it to a variety of, of cathode"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":632.156,"endTime":639.826,"body":"chemistries, including LFP and NMC and LCO"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":639.836,"endTime":642.226,"body":"and, graphite and Silicon on the anode."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":642.226,"endTime":644.616,"body":"So it's, it's a very versatile process."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":645.166,"endTime":652.465,"body":"Nice, and where are you"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":645.166,"endTime":652.465,"body":"in terms of, the rollout of batteries"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":652.475,"endTime":655.895,"body":"manufactured using this process now"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":652.475,"endTime":655.895,"body":"because you have been manufacturing"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":655.905,"endTime":659.705,"body":"batteries for some time, but if I remember"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":655.905,"endTime":659.705,"body":"correctly from the intro call, you're"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":659.705,"endTime":665.155,"body":"moving from an older process to this"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":659.705,"endTime":665.155,"body":"now new process, or did I misunderstand?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":666.83,"endTime":671.195,"body":"Well, kind of,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":666.83,"endTime":671.195,"body":"we we've been, We've, we've been"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":671.345,"endTime":674.605,"body":"assembling battery packs for years."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":674.915,"endTime":676.935,"body":"You know, we started"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":674.915,"endTime":676.935,"body":"doing this a decade ago."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":677.465,"endTime":682.9,"body":"And if you look at the, domestically"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":677.465,"endTime":682.9,"body":"here in the United States, the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":682.9,"endTime":689.6,"body":"landscape of lithium ion batteries in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":682.9,"endTime":689.6,"body":"2012, 2013, 2014, it was not pretty."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":689.85,"endTime":693.61,"body":"There were lithium ion battery companies"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":689.85,"endTime":693.61,"body":"going out of business, going bankrupt."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":693.99,"endTime":697.28,"body":"So when I was just coming out on"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":693.99,"endTime":697.28,"body":"the scene, I didn't garner a lot of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":697.28,"endTime":701.51,"body":"interest when it came to investment"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":697.28,"endTime":701.51,"body":"into not just batteries, but"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":701.52,"endTime":703.66,"body":"manufacturing of batteries, you know."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":703.67,"endTime":708.405,"body":"So it's, it's something that certainly"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":703.67,"endTime":708.405,"body":"has gained more popularity lately, but"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":708.405,"endTime":710.295,"body":"at the time there was zero interest."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":710.665,"endTime":711.115,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":711.275,"endTime":712.935,"body":"people saying, why"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":711.275,"endTime":712.935,"body":"aren't you doing it in China?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":714.115,"endTime":715.795,"body":"of course,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":714.115,"endTime":715.795,"body":"why don't you do it in China?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":715.865,"endTime":719.525,"body":"And, and actually we got a lot of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":715.865,"endTime":719.525,"body":"interest from China and, but the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":719.525,"endTime":723.065,"body":"whole point was, well, let's see if we"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":719.525,"endTime":723.065,"body":"can, we can deploy this domestically."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":723.065,"endTime":724.385,"body":"I thought I'd get a lot more interest."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":724.765,"endTime":729.365,"body":"So what I did rather than, you know,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":724.765,"endTime":729.365,"body":"going and trying to set up manufacturing"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":729.365,"endTime":736.255,"body":"in China was getting cells, LFP cells"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":729.365,"endTime":736.255,"body":"from China, bringing them here, designing"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":736.255,"endTime":740.365,"body":"and assembling all the packs from our"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":736.255,"endTime":740.365,"body":"designs, our components and then putting"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":740.365,"endTime":744.495,"body":"them out on the market as an American"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":740.365,"endTime":744.495,"body":"design and assembled battery pack."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":744.535,"endTime":748.505,"body":"We called it Battle Born Batteries named"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":744.535,"endTime":748.505,"body":"after the Battle Born state of Nevada."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":748.605,"endTime":749.775,"body":"And that's what we do."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":749.915,"endTime":750.525,"body":"That's what we did."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":750.845,"endTime":753.555,"body":"So that business took off really fast."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":754.005,"endTime":759.145,"body":"And we use the profits to basically"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":754.005,"endTime":759.145,"body":"drive the,  manufacturing innovations"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":759.475,"endTime":765.395,"body":"that we were doing and we ended up"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":759.475,"endTime":765.395,"body":"demonstrating that we can not only"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":765.795,"endTime":770.825,"body":"make basically any type of conventional"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":765.795,"endTime":770.825,"body":"lithium ion battery, but we were also"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":770.835,"endTime":776.775,"body":"able to powder coat composite solid"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":770.835,"endTime":776.775,"body":"electrolytes in the battery as well."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":776.795,"endTime":780.695,"body":"So we can apply the process"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":776.795,"endTime":780.695,"body":"to make a solid state battery."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":780.845,"endTime":784.385,"body":"It's, it's, the process is"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":780.845,"endTime":784.385,"body":"uniquely capable of making"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":784.695,"endTime":786.795,"body":"batteries with a solid electrolyte."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":787.34,"endTime":793.64,"body":"But anyway, when it came time to actually"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":787.34,"endTime":793.64,"body":"deploy this technology, you need more"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":793.64,"endTime":798.856,"body":"money than what we could skim off the top"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":793.64,"endTime":798.856,"body":"from our Battle Born batteries business."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":798.866,"endTime":801.746,"body":"So ended up taking the company public."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":802.976,"endTime":807.556,"body":"And that process, although we successfully"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":802.976,"endTime":807.556,"body":"got public through a SPAC merger in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":807.556,"endTime":812.816,"body":"late 2022 the markets weren't exactly,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":807.556,"endTime":812.816,"body":"you know, cooperative at the time."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":812.816,"endTime":817.556,"body":"So we didn't get the capital that we"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":812.816,"endTime":817.556,"body":"needed to really roll out the technology"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":817.556,"endTime":822.203,"body":"that we wanted, but, it has allowed us"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":817.556,"endTime":822.203,"body":"to gain access to the capital markets and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":822.203,"endTime":824.873,"body":"we are poised to deploy the technology."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":825.003,"endTime":829.363,"body":"And now that it's becoming more and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":825.003,"endTime":829.363,"body":"more interesting to folks, governments"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":829.393,"endTime":832.933,"body":"are starting to look at this and say,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":829.393,"endTime":832.933,"body":"Hey, I think we need to look, look at,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":833.293,"endTime":837.753,"body":"at, you know, innovations here to see"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":833.293,"endTime":837.753,"body":"how we can compete on the world stage."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":838.033,"endTime":842.423,"body":"So I would say that we are in a very,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":838.033,"endTime":842.423,"body":"very good position now as a public company"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":842.653,"endTime":847.433,"body":"with patented innovative technology"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":842.653,"endTime":847.433,"body":"and getting the interest of downstream"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":847.433,"endTime":849.263,"body":"customers and governments as well."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":849.908,"endTime":855.018,"body":"Okay, now the, the Battleborn"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":849.908,"endTime":855.018,"body":"batteries that you were manufacturing"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":855.068,"endTime":859.658,"body":"to date they've been kind of, as you"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":855.068,"endTime":859.658,"body":"mentioned, for RVs and things like that."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":859.658,"endTime":864.798,"body":"So it's for, it's not the same kind of"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":859.658,"endTime":864.798,"body":"use case that you're thinking about for"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":864.798,"endTime":867.238,"body":"moving forward if I understand correctly."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":867.238,"endTime":870.333,"body":"So the kind of use case, I'm"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":867.238,"endTime":870.333,"body":"guessing that you're looking at"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":870.343,"endTime":873.593,"body":"what the, the new technology and the"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":870.343,"endTime":873.593,"body":"new batteries is going to be, you"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":873.593,"endTime":875.713,"body":"mentioned for assisting renewables."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":875.723,"endTime":880.683,"body":"So maybe selling to utilities to shore"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":875.723,"endTime":880.683,"body":"up the grid in times of you know,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":880.683,"endTime":885.203,"body":"when a cloud goes over the sun or"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":880.683,"endTime":885.203,"body":"overnight or whatever it is, or for"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":885.203,"endTime":887.323,"body":"EVs, you mentioned trucks as well."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":887.343,"endTime":891.843,"body":"So, talk to me a little bit about"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":887.343,"endTime":891.843,"body":"where you see the big market for the"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":891.843,"endTime":895.203,"body":"new batteries that you will start"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":891.843,"endTime":895.203,"body":"producing using this new technology."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":896.097,"endTime":898.467,"body":"First of all,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":896.097,"endTime":898.467,"body":"let me address the use case."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":899.197,"endTime":902.852,"body":"It's exactly the use case"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":899.197,"endTime":902.852,"body":"when you think about it."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":902.882,"endTime":905.182,"body":"An RV is a little house, you know?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":905.182,"endTime":910.772,"body":"So what we're doing for RVs is"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":905.182,"endTime":910.772,"body":"we're facilitating the consumer to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":910.772,"endTime":916.692,"body":"basically park the RV and live off"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":910.772,"endTime":916.692,"body":"of solar panels and the batteries,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":916.722,"endTime":920.632,"body":"which is exactly what we want the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":916.722,"endTime":920.632,"body":"whole grid to look like ultimately."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":921.322,"endTime":925.412,"body":"So the, the, the batteries themselves,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":921.322,"endTime":925.412,"body":"what, where we are headed, where"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":925.452,"endTime":932.042,"body":"we see a world where the grid"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":925.452,"endTime":932.042,"body":"is full of distributed energy"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":932.042,"endTime":934.602,"body":"production and distributed storage."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":934.632,"endTime":939.482,"body":"And that really allows for a truly"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":934.632,"endTime":939.482,"body":"smart grid that efficiently moves"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":939.482,"endTime":941.762,"body":"electrons to where they need to go."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":942.062,"endTime":944.152,"body":"Batteries play a huge role in that."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":945.142,"endTime":950.207,"body":"So, If RVs are a little, you"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":945.142,"endTime":950.207,"body":"know, microcosm of that vision,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":950.617,"endTime":952.757,"body":"we've been expanding from there."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":952.757,"endTime":955.887,"body":"So when I talked about heavy"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":952.757,"endTime":955.887,"body":"duty trucking, I'm not trying"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":955.887,"endTime":957.777,"body":"to electrify the truck today."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":957.787,"endTime":962.177,"body":"That's going to happen, you know,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":957.787,"endTime":962.177,"body":"in the future, but we're, we're,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":962.187,"endTime":963.707,"body":"we're moving incrementally."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":963.81,"endTime":966.83,"body":"We're looking at revenue"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":963.81,"endTime":966.83,"body":"that we can grow into today."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":967.31,"endTime":971.59,"body":"And with heavy duty trucking,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":967.31,"endTime":971.59,"body":"you're looking at things like when"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":971.6,"endTime":974.59,"body":"a trucker pulls over for the night."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":975.93,"endTime":977.87,"body":"They still have to run"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":975.93,"endTime":977.87,"body":"their air conditioners."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":977.93,"endTime":983.02,"body":"They still have to run their electronics"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":977.93,"endTime":983.02,"body":"inside the cab, their CPAP machines"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":983.02,"endTime":984.26,"body":"when they're sleeping, whatever."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":984.68,"endTime":987.39,"body":"And typically what they do"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":984.68,"endTime":987.39,"body":"is they'll idle the truck."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":988.01,"endTime":992.54,"body":"That is actually a pretty"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":988.01,"endTime":992.54,"body":"large cost in diesel fuel and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":993.46,"endTime":995.78,"body":"an increased carbon footprint."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":996.11,"endTime":1000.38,"body":"So what we're doing is we're providing"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":996.11,"endTime":1000.38,"body":"the system where as they're driving down"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1000.38,"endTime":1005.16,"body":"the road, The storage system will charge"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1000.38,"endTime":1005.16,"body":"from the alternator and then they can"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1005.16,"endTime":1009.85,"body":"turn off the truck and basically live all"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1005.16,"endTime":1009.85,"body":"night in the truck without having to idle."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1010.53,"endTime":1017.02,"body":"It's, it's a real luxury in an RV to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1010.53,"endTime":1017.02,"body":"be able to do that, but for a fleet,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1017.16,"endTime":1019.07,"body":"there's an ROI associated with it."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1019.1,"endTime":1022.79,"body":"And very rapidly, that upfront cost"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1019.1,"endTime":1022.79,"body":"gets paid off because they don't"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1022.79,"endTime":1027.02,"body":"have to burn diesel fuel and the wear"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1022.79,"endTime":1027.02,"body":"and tear associated with the idling."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1027.65,"endTime":1031.17,"body":"And I also mentioned oil"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1027.65,"endTime":1031.17,"body":"and gas we're growing into."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1031.51,"endTime":1039.547,"body":"One of the, one of the, most significant"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1031.51,"endTime":1039.547,"body":"developments in this area is the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1039.547,"endTime":1045.52,"body":"desire by the American government to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1039.547,"endTime":1045.52,"body":"limit methane leakage from gas lines."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1045.53,"endTime":1050.35,"body":"So natural gas has actually played a large"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1045.53,"endTime":1050.35,"body":"role in reducing our carbon footprint"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1050.36,"endTime":1052.405,"body":"while not sacrificing our way of life."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1052.815,"endTime":1056.945,"body":"But at the same time, methane itself"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1052.815,"endTime":1056.945,"body":"is a significant greenhouse gas."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1056.945,"endTime":1059.155,"body":"As you know, it's worse"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1056.945,"endTime":1059.155,"body":"than carbon dioxide."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1059.545,"endTime":1064.555,"body":"So what we're doing is providing"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1059.545,"endTime":1064.555,"body":"the storage system that will provide"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1064.585,"endTime":1070.9,"body":"the energy to basically suck in the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1064.585,"endTime":1070.9,"body":"methane, provide vapor recovery, even"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1070.9,"endTime":1075.23,"body":"when the compressors are not operating"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1070.9,"endTime":1075.23,"body":"so that you will never have leakage"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1075.24,"endTime":1080.41,"body":"of methane into the atmosphere,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1075.24,"endTime":1080.41,"body":"which is now mandated by the EPA."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1080.44,"endTime":1086.06,"body":"The EPA is now mandated to find methane"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1080.44,"endTime":1086.06,"body":"leakers, and so we are actually again"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1086.06,"endTime":1090.86,"body":"an ROI from a regulatory point of view"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1086.06,"endTime":1090.86,"body":"in the in the oil and gas industry."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1091.775,"endTime":1092.145,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1092.145,"endTime":1098.865,"body":"And you mentioned you moved to Nevada"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1092.145,"endTime":1098.865,"body":"because there's a lot of lithium there."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1100.175,"endTime":1104.655,"body":"Talk to me a little bit about that"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1100.175,"endTime":1104.655,"body":"because, A, I was unaware of that."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1105.165,"endTime":1107.075,"body":"So I'd like to know a"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1105.165,"endTime":1107.075,"body":"little more about it."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1107.465,"endTime":1111.975,"body":"But B, is it that important to be that"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1107.465,"endTime":1111.975,"body":"close to the source of the lithium?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1112.525,"endTime":1117.775,"body":"So first of all,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1112.525,"endTime":1117.775,"body":"yes, Nevada has large lithium deposits."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1117.805,"endTime":1125.705,"body":"In fact, the, the only active lithium mine"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1117.805,"endTime":1125.705,"body":"in the United States is still the mine"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1125.705,"endTime":1130.055,"body":"down in Silver Peak in Western Nevada,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1125.705,"endTime":1130.055,"body":"which is now operated by Albemarle."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1130.455,"endTime":1135.385,"body":"In terms of deposits, there are"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1130.455,"endTime":1135.385,"body":"huge deposits throughout the state."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1135.395,"endTime":1139.905,"body":"One of the biggest deposits has been"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1135.395,"endTime":1139.905,"body":"identified up close to the Oregon border"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1139.915,"endTime":1141.905,"body":"in what's called the McDermott Caldera."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1141.905,"endTime":1148.58,"body":"There are large deposits in the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1141.905,"endTime":1148.58,"body":"vicinity of Silver Peak, what's"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1148.58,"endTime":1149.8,"body":"called the Rhyolite Ridge."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1150.02,"endTime":1154.67,"body":"One company in particular called Ioneer"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1150.02,"endTime":1154.67,"body":"has rolled out a process where they"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1154.67,"endTime":1158.97,"body":"can extract the lithium as lithium"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1154.67,"endTime":1158.97,"body":"carbonate in a cost efficient manner."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1159.29,"endTime":1163.65,"body":"And we actually have offtake from"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1159.29,"endTime":1163.65,"body":"Ioneer as we move forward to be able"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1163.65,"endTime":1167.1,"body":"to take that lithium and refine it"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1163.65,"endTime":1167.1,"body":"and produce cathode materials from it."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1167.69,"endTime":1171.06,"body":"So your next question, is it"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1167.69,"endTime":1171.06,"body":"important to be close to the source?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1171.56,"endTime":1175.79,"body":"Well, certainly it is more"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1171.56,"endTime":1175.79,"body":"efficient to be close to the source."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1176.22,"endTime":1178.83,"body":"But more importantly when you"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1176.22,"endTime":1178.83,"body":"think of it from a political"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1178.83,"endTime":1181.52,"body":"standpoint, Nevada has the resource."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1182.15,"endTime":1186.29,"body":"There is a strong desire by the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1182.15,"endTime":1186.29,"body":"government, the state government,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1186.31,"endTime":1191.03,"body":"in Nevada to keep the lithium"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1186.31,"endTime":1191.03,"body":"here, process it here, to gain more"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1191.05,"endTime":1193.14,"body":"access to more of the supply chain."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1193.2,"endTime":1196.02,"body":"So obviously, if we have the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1193.2,"endTime":1196.02,"body":"resource, we want to reap the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1196.02,"endTime":1197.53,"body":"benefits for the resource here."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1197.95,"endTime":1202.94,"body":"So the, the state itself has"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1197.95,"endTime":1202.94,"body":"established an initiative, a variety"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1202.94,"endTime":1206.54,"body":"of initiatives centered around what"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1202.94,"endTime":1206.54,"body":"they are calling the lithium loop."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1207.07,"endTime":1210.8,"body":"So it's not just us here, you've got"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1207.07,"endTime":1210.8,"body":"the mining companies here and of course,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1211.325,"endTime":1214.115,"body":"refiners and cell manufacturers like us."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1214.115,"endTime":1217.555,"body":"But you also have"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1214.115,"endTime":1217.555,"body":"recyclers here in Nevada."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1217.605,"endTime":1223.635,"body":"You've got Aqua Metals and Redwood"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1217.605,"endTime":1223.635,"body":"Materials and American Battery Technology"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1223.635,"endTime":1228.505,"body":"Company, among others, you know, so"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1223.635,"endTime":1228.505,"body":"the, the ability to get the lithium"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1228.525,"endTime":1234.235,"body":"back here, re-extract from spent cells"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1228.525,"endTime":1234.235,"body":"from black mass, and then put it back"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1234.405,"endTime":1239.195,"body":"in the state in cells, I think is very,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1234.405,"endTime":1239.195,"body":"very desirable to the local economy."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1239.94,"endTime":1240.38,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1241.21,"endTime":1245.1,"body":"How much, because I've, I've heard"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1241.21,"endTime":1245.1,"body":"various figures discussed in the past."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1245.47,"endTime":1251.83,"body":"How much of the lithium that is going"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1245.47,"endTime":1251.83,"body":"into batteries today is actively recycled?"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1251.85,"endTime":1257.945,"body":"Because, and, I know it's challenging"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1251.85,"endTime":1257.945,"body":"if you're talking about the lithium in"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1257.955,"endTime":1263.145,"body":"the batteries in an EV, it's going to be"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1257.955,"endTime":1263.145,"body":"a lot easier to recycle that I suspect"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1263.445,"endTime":1267.995,"body":"than the lithium in kind of these little"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1263.445,"endTime":1267.995,"body":"AAA batteries that I've got here that"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1267.995,"endTime":1270.305,"body":"are lithium ion rechargeable batteries."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1270.755,"endTime":1274.435,"body":"I mean, the size has got to"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1270.755,"endTime":1274.435,"body":"make them much easier for the EV"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1274.435,"endTime":1276.425,"body":"ones and then the smaller ones."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1276.785,"endTime":1282.385,"body":"So how much lithium ion batteries"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1276.785,"endTime":1282.385,"body":"today are actively recycled?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1284.275,"endTime":1286.605,"body":"Look, I think"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1284.275,"endTime":1286.605,"body":"it's safe to say virtually none."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1314.66,"endTime":1319.53,"body":"This is an industry that's in its infancy,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1314.66,"endTime":1319.53,"body":"and, you know, quite frankly, we need"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1319.53,"endTime":1325.26,"body":"to set the stage today to prepare for"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1319.53,"endTime":1325.26,"body":"what it's going to look like a decade"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1325.26,"endTime":1330.3700000000001,"body":"from now, when you start getting a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1325.26,"endTime":1330.3700000000001,"body":"larger amount of spent lithium cells."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1330.8500000000001,"endTime":1335.9850000000001,"body":"And in terms of the ability to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1330.8500000000001,"endTime":1335.9850000000001,"body":"recycle an EV pack compared to a, you"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1335.9850000000001,"endTime":1341.41,"body":"know, a small cell or maybe a, you"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1335.9850000000001,"endTime":1341.41,"body":"know, consumer electronics battery."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1341.89,"endTime":1347.036,"body":"That's something where it's the process"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1341.89,"endTime":1347.036,"body":"of turning all those cells into black"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1347.036,"endTime":1351.976,"body":"mass, into grinding them up into one big"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1347.036,"endTime":1351.976,"body":"mixture where you can extract not just"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1351.976,"endTime":1357.046,"body":"the lithium, but the nickel and the cobalt"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1351.976,"endTime":1357.046,"body":"and the copper and other metals that"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1357.326,"endTime":1359.2160000000001,"body":"are inherent to lithium ion batteries."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1359.576,"endTime":1363.336,"body":"You know, I'm not going to pretend to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1359.576,"endTime":1363.336,"body":"know a lot about that process, but I think"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1363.346,"endTime":1367.709,"body":"that they are certainly working hard to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1363.346,"endTime":1367.709,"body":"get access to any cell that is out there."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1367.709,"endTime":1373.27,"body":"Okay, And I mean"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1367.709,"endTime":1373.27,"body":"do you see that as an industry"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1373.286,"endTime":1374.586,"body":"that is going to take off?"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1374.586,"endTime":1378.6960000000001,"body":"I know it's, you said it's very early"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1374.586,"endTime":1378.6960000000001,"body":"days yet, but do you see the, the,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1378.7060000000001,"endTime":1384.126,"body":"the recycling as being the way forward"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1378.7060000000001,"endTime":1384.126,"body":"for lithium ion batteries or you're"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1384.126,"endTime":1387.296,"body":"sitting in a state that's full of"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1384.126,"endTime":1387.296,"body":"lithium, why would you want to recycle?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1389.336,"endTime":1392.4260000000002,"body":"I think it is"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1389.336,"endTime":1392.4260000000002,"body":"something that needs to be developed"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1392.516,"endTime":1397.116,"body":"now in order for it to be an important"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1392.516,"endTime":1397.116,"body":"source of lithium a decade from now."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1397.626,"endTime":1402.106,"body":"So today, certainly, almost all"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1397.626,"endTime":1402.106,"body":"of it that you get is mined."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1402.126,"endTime":1407.536,"body":"But as we move forward the mining"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1402.126,"endTime":1407.536,"body":"of lithium is going to drive"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1407.566,"endTime":1409.746,"body":"the growth of the industry."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1410.106,"endTime":1415.346,"body":"And then the mining plus the recycling"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1410.106,"endTime":1415.346,"body":"is going to make it sustainable"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1415.7160000000001,"endTime":1416.836,"body":"throughout the next century."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1418.531,"endTime":1419.501,"body":"Okay, cool."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1420.0910000000001,"endTime":1425.231,"body":"And if we, if we think about"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1420.0910000000001,"endTime":1425.231,"body":"the global battery market,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1425.231,"endTime":1428.151,"body":"it's incredibly competitive."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1428.181,"endTime":1432.861,"body":"I mean, you have companies like"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1428.181,"endTime":1432.861,"body":"CATL, Panasonic Et cetera, et cetera."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1432.871,"endTime":1434.111,"body":"I can't think of the others right now."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1434.5810000000001,"endTime":1436.981,"body":"I think Samsung are in there as well,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1434.5810000000001,"endTime":1436.981,"body":"but there's, there's a lot of them."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1437.391,"endTime":1441.251,"body":"And particularly the ones"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1437.391,"endTime":1441.251,"body":"you think, bit like CATL."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1441.5710000000001,"endTime":1447.681,"body":"I mean, they were quoting figures of"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1441.5710000000001,"endTime":1447.681,"body":"something like $50 per kilowatt hour at"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1447.681,"endTime":1453.421,"body":"this point, you know, down from over 200"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1447.681,"endTime":1453.421,"body":"2-3 years back down from over a thousand,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1453.481,"endTime":1459.076,"body":"10 years ago Are you going to be able"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1453.481,"endTime":1459.076,"body":"to compete against companies like that?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1460.366,"endTime":1463.296,"body":"Well, in a word, yes,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1460.366,"endTime":1463.296,"body":"I mean, they're, they're certainly this,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1463.606,"endTime":1467.6860000000001,"body":"this is the normal course of an industry"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1463.606,"endTime":1467.6860000000001,"body":"as things get more and more efficient,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1467.996,"endTime":1469.576,"body":"but it highlights the need to innovate."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1469.586,"endTime":1473.906,"body":"And if you want to compete on the world"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1469.586,"endTime":1473.906,"body":"stage, sure, there's a lot of competition."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1474.336,"endTime":1479.1660000000002,"body":"And sometimes, you know, governments can"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1474.336,"endTime":1479.1660000000002,"body":"put their thumb on the scales and they"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1479.1660000000002,"endTime":1484.4260000000002,"body":"do so through things like the IRA here"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1479.1660000000002,"endTime":1484.4260000000002,"body":"in the United States or through tariffs."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1484.826,"endTime":1488.476,"body":"But ultimately there's a strong"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1484.826,"endTime":1488.476,"body":"desire for domestic manufacturing."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1488.746,"endTime":1491.9360000000001,"body":"And folks will pay a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1488.746,"endTime":1491.9360000000001,"body":"premium for domestic cells."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1491.9460000000001,"endTime":1496.626,"body":"So, you know, you can't have"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1491.9460000000001,"endTime":1496.626,"body":"too many cells at this point."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1496.626,"endTime":1498.9360000000001,"body":"You know, if you get lithium"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1496.626,"endTime":1498.9360000000001,"body":"out of the ground and making it,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1498.9460000000001,"endTime":1501.89,"body":"making them into cells, you're"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1498.9460000000001,"endTime":1501.89,"body":"going to get revenue from it."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1501.89,"endTime":1504.63,"body":"So I'm not too, too concerned about it."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1504.66,"endTime":1508.77,"body":"If you could stand up a factory, you're"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1504.66,"endTime":1508.77,"body":"going to get offtake for that factory."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1508.77,"endTime":1512.75,"body":"And our ability to actually reduce"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1508.77,"endTime":1512.75,"body":"the cost of the manufacturing"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1512.75,"endTime":1516.39,"body":"process is going to make us extremely"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1512.75,"endTime":1516.39,"body":"competitive on the world stage."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1517.25,"endTime":1522.44,"body":"And are you planning on"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1517.25,"endTime":1522.44,"body":"keeping the technology to yourself, or"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1522.67,"endTime":1528.48,"body":"licensing it to third parties, you know,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1522.67,"endTime":1528.48,"body":"to gain revenue from that, scale your"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1528.48,"endTime":1530.43,"body":"income and, you know, grow that way?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1531.95,"endTime":1533.76,"body":"Well, we'd"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1531.95,"endTime":1533.76,"body":"be silly not to consider that."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1533.78,"endTime":1538.3400000000001,"body":"I mean, ultimately we want to grow as"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1533.78,"endTime":1538.3400000000001,"body":"fast as we can, and we have a mission to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1538.3600000000001,"endTime":1542.95,"body":"proliferate these batteries as much as we"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1538.3600000000001,"endTime":1542.95,"body":"can to make the world, you know, greener."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1543.22,"endTime":1548.5800000000002,"body":"And so if that means growth through"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1543.22,"endTime":1548.5800000000002,"body":"licensing in addition to scaling"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1548.5800000000002,"endTime":1551.3300000000002,"body":"our own manufacturing, then of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1548.5800000000002,"endTime":1551.3300000000002,"body":"course we're going to do that."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1552.38,"endTime":1553.63,"body":"Sure, sure, sure."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1554.18,"endTime":1559.24,"body":"Are you also looking at the likes of"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1554.18,"endTime":1559.24,"body":"grid stability and battery storage?"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1559.24,"endTime":1562.68,"body":"Because, you know, we're seeing"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1559.24,"endTime":1562.68,"body":"increasing stresses on power grids"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1562.71,"endTime":1567.68,"body":"worldwide, climate change is adding to"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1562.71,"endTime":1567.68,"body":"that batteries are seen as a kind of a"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1567.8200000000002,"endTime":1570.39,"body":"critical component for grid stability now."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1570.44,"endTime":1573.48,"body":"They wouldn't have been 10 years"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1570.44,"endTime":1573.48,"body":"ago, but now, increasingly, they are."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1573.48,"endTime":1575.73,"body":"We're seeing California"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1573.48,"endTime":1575.73,"body":"doing amazing things there."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1576.5800000000002,"endTime":1580.23,"body":"How do you see yourselves"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1576.5800000000002,"endTime":1580.23,"body":"contributing to a more kind of"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1580.3,"endTime":1582.81,"body":"reliant, and responsive grid?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1584.26,"endTime":1585.31,"body":"You're absolutely right."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1585.3400000000001,"endTime":1591.65,"body":"I mean, honestly, that grid stability"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1585.3400000000001,"endTime":1591.65,"body":"is very much our mission and it's, it's"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1591.67,"endTime":1597.4,"body":"the grids are, the grid is not only"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1591.67,"endTime":1597.4,"body":"stressed now, but it's going to become"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1597.54,"endTime":1602.75,"body":"a lot more stressed when the the sources"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1597.54,"endTime":1602.75,"body":"are intermittent like solar and wind."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1603.26,"endTime":1608.54,"body":"And as we continue to electrify"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1603.26,"endTime":1608.54,"body":"transportation and the electric"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1608.54,"endTime":1610.0,"body":"vehicles are plugged into the grid."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1610.03,"endTime":1612.91,"body":"So you're, you're just"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1610.03,"endTime":1612.91,"body":"transitioning all that energy"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1613.27,"endTime":1615.6200000000001,"body":"from fossil fuels onto the grid."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1615.63,"endTime":1618.44,"body":"So grid stability is huge."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1619.43,"endTime":1622.24,"body":"And, and I wouldn't say"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1619.43,"endTime":1622.24,"body":"it's, it's batteries only."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1622.24,"endTime":1623.04,"body":"It's storage."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1623.05,"endTime":1624.1200000000001,"body":"You need storage."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1624.1200000000001,"endTime":1628.25,"body":"You need a large energy buffer"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1624.1200000000001,"endTime":1628.25,"body":"on the grid and where, where our"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1628.25,"endTime":1633.51,"body":"batteries will play into it is"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1628.25,"endTime":1633.51,"body":"what has been termed the grid edge."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1633.6000000000001,"endTime":1637.71,"body":"So we want to see our batteries"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1633.6000000000001,"endTime":1637.71,"body":"in every grid tied building."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1638.1200000000001,"endTime":1642.75,"body":"And that's why we focus not just"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1638.1200000000001,"endTime":1642.75,"body":"on the lowering the levelized cost"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1642.8,"endTime":1646.98,"body":"of storage, and we do that through"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1642.8,"endTime":1646.98,"body":"reducing manufacturing costs through"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1646.98,"endTime":1651.7150000000001,"body":"our process and focusing on long"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1646.98,"endTime":1651.7150000000001,"body":"lasting battery chemistries like"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1651.7150000000001,"endTime":1653.505,"body":"LFP and graphite, for example."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1653.855,"endTime":1658.515,"body":"But also focusing on the solid"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1653.855,"endTime":1658.515,"body":"state composite electrolyte,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1658.885,"endTime":1661.4750000000001,"body":"which is inherently non flammable."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1661.4850000000001,"endTime":1665.2050000000002,"body":"So if you're going to deploy"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1661.4850000000001,"endTime":1665.2050000000002,"body":"large storage systems in grid tied"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1665.2050000000002,"endTime":1670.4450000000002,"body":"buildings, that can only be mandated"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1665.2050000000002,"endTime":1670.4450000000002,"body":"by utility if it's not dangerous."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1670.4850000000001,"endTime":1675.045,"body":"If it's, you know, LFP batteries are"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1670.4850000000001,"endTime":1675.045,"body":"certainly the the safest on the market."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1675.055,"endTime":1678.655,"body":"We're very comfortable with what we"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1675.055,"endTime":1678.655,"body":"put out there on the market today,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1678.915,"endTime":1682.185,"body":"but they still have an, you know,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1678.915,"endTime":1682.185,"body":"an organic flammable electrolyte."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1682.355,"endTime":1686.2250000000001,"body":"And so if you're going to incorporate"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1682.355,"endTime":1686.2250000000001,"body":"that into basically every grid tied"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1686.2250000000001,"endTime":1691.155,"body":"building, then it behooves us to remove"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1686.2250000000001,"endTime":1691.155,"body":"that issue and make it non flammable."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1692.19,"endTime":1693.29,"body":"Sure, sure, sure."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1693.8400000000001,"endTime":1699.3400000000001,"body":"In, kind of a left field question here,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1693.8400000000001,"endTime":1699.3400000000001,"body":"but in the movie Back to the Future,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1699.3400000000001,"endTime":1700.51,"body":"it's kind of a favourite of mine."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1702.15,"endTime":1706.74,"body":"They imagined a future with flying"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1702.15,"endTime":1706.74,"body":"cars and fusion power by 2015."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1706.95,"endTime":1709.24,"body":"Obviously, we've blown through 2015."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1709.25,"endTime":1710.01,"body":"We're not there yet."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1710.02,"endTime":1713.64,"body":"But how close do you think we"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1710.02,"endTime":1713.64,"body":"are to realizing a future where"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1713.94,"endTime":1717.64,"body":"batteries fundamentally change"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1713.94,"endTime":1717.64,"body":"our daily lives beyond even"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1717.64,"endTime":1719.63,"body":"maybe what Hollywood dreamt up?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1720.211,"endTime":1722.641,"body":"Well,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1720.211,"endTime":1722.641,"body":"it's, it's already happened."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1722.641,"endTime":1726.721,"body":"I mean, we, we have cell phones"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1722.641,"endTime":1726.721,"body":"in our pockets today and,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1726.751,"endTime":1728.021,"body":"and laptops that, you know."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1728.281,"endTime":1731.691,"body":"Batteries have already changed"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1728.281,"endTime":1731.691,"body":"our daily lives dramatically."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1732.0610000000001,"endTime":1736.0610000000001,"body":"The interesting thing though, moving"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1732.0610000000001,"endTime":1736.0610000000001,"body":"forward, this whole vision of grid"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1736.0910000000001,"endTime":1742.621,"body":"tied storage and distributed storage"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1736.0910000000001,"endTime":1742.621,"body":"is that we're trying to, become"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1742.621,"endTime":1746.326,"body":"more sustainable without having to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1742.621,"endTime":1746.326,"body":"change our daily lives too much."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1746.326,"endTime":1751.546,"body":"You know, we want to be able to enjoy"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1746.326,"endTime":1751.546,"body":"all the fantastic things that we enjoy"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1751.546,"endTime":1757.836,"body":"today in terms of developing AI and, you"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1751.546,"endTime":1757.836,"body":"know, and, and technology developments"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1757.836,"endTime":1762.6660000000002,"body":"that are just so much fun for, for"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1757.836,"endTime":1762.6660000000002,"body":"people like us that get have the pleasure"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1762.6660000000002,"endTime":1766.656,"body":"of living in, you know, now there's"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1762.6660000000002,"endTime":1766.656,"body":"so much cool stuff happening now,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1767.136,"endTime":1771.646,"body":"but it is certainly at the expense of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1767.136,"endTime":1771.646,"body":"currently what we're still burning more"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1771.646,"endTime":1775.476,"body":"fossil fuels and we're still putting"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1771.646,"endTime":1775.476,"body":"more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1775.476,"endTime":1781.9360000000001,"body":"So, the only thing that where batteries"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1775.476,"endTime":1781.9360000000001,"body":"are going to play is we can continue"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1781.9360000000001,"endTime":1786.116,"body":"our way of life and continue to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1781.9360000000001,"endTime":1786.116,"body":"develop, but without having to pay"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1786.116,"endTime":1788.126,"body":"as much of a climate change penalty."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1788.136,"endTime":1793.276,"body":"We're trying to mitigate climate change"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1788.136,"endTime":1793.276,"body":"so that we can continue this way of life"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1793.276,"endTime":1796.066,"body":"on to our grandkids and descendants."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1796.066,"endTime":1797.9560000000001,"body":"I mean, that's, that's the goal here."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1798.116,"endTime":1801.6960000000001,"body":"But in terms of back to the future"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1798.116,"endTime":1801.6960000000001,"body":"and flying cars, I'd, I'd love to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1801.6960000000001,"endTime":1805.606,"body":"see all that develop and that'll"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1801.6960000000001,"endTime":1805.606,"body":"probably be run off of fusion and not"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1805.606,"endTime":1809.7060000000001,"body":"batteries, but batteries will help us"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1805.606,"endTime":1809.7060000000001,"body":"get there in a sustainable fashion."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1810.116,"endTime":1813.3110000000001,"body":"I was reading a story"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1810.116,"endTime":1813.3110000000001,"body":"this morning, on perplexity, I think it"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1813.3110000000001,"endTime":1817.651,"body":"was where they talked about a Japanese"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1813.3110000000001,"endTime":1817.651,"body":"university, which has developed cars,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1818.0810000000001,"endTime":1824.3210000000001,"body":"which can use maglev technology to hover"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1818.0810000000001,"endTime":1824.3210000000001,"body":"a couple of inches above the surface."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1824.3310000000001,"endTime":1827.881,"body":"So you'd need maglev tracks for"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1824.3310000000001,"endTime":1827.881,"body":"cars to go along and they'd be far,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1828.181,"endTime":1830.881,"body":"far more efficient, I think we're"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1828.181,"endTime":1830.881,"body":"a good bit away from that happening"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1830.891,"endTime":1834.101,"body":"and becoming a reality, but I, I"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1830.891,"endTime":1834.101,"body":"thought, you know, I thought that was"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1834.101,"endTime":1836.501,"body":"cute, reminded me of the DeLorean."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1836.597,"endTime":1841.026,"body":"know, Yeah, I think"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1836.597,"endTime":1841.026,"body":"that any sort of when you're, when"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1841.026,"endTime":1844.536,"body":"you're reducing drag, when you're"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1841.026,"endTime":1844.536,"body":"reducing friction, you know, that's,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1845.486,"endTime":1849.906,"body":"that's where all the energy goes right"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1845.486,"endTime":1849.906,"body":"now, you know, so the maglev technology"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1849.906,"endTime":1853.6760000000002,"body":"and I think that was part of what,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1849.906,"endTime":1853.6760000000002,"body":"wasn't that what Elon Musk was trying"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1853.6760000000002,"endTime":1857.4560000000001,"body":"to do with the, with The Boring Company"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1853.6760000000002,"endTime":1857.4560000000001,"body":"initially was having these, right,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1857.6760000000002,"endTime":1860.126,"body":"having these sort of very, yeah, yeah,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1860.2160000000001,"endTime":1860.576,"body":"Yeah, yeah,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1860.616,"endTime":1861.664,"body":"frictionless batteries."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1861.664,"endTime":1861.671,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1861.941,"endTime":1863.111,"body":"pods or trains."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1863.501,"endTime":1869.001,"body":"I mean, that's that you, that's a huge"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1863.501,"endTime":1869.001,"body":"benefit in terms of energy consumption."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1869.366,"endTime":1870.2160000000001,"body":"Yeah, yeah."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1870.6960000000001,"endTime":1872.066,"body":"Another left field question for you."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1872.486,"endTime":1877.106,"body":"If you could have any celebrity"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1872.486,"endTime":1877.106,"body":"or fictional character as"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1877.106,"endTime":1882.726,"body":"a spokesperson for Dragon,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1877.106,"endTime":1882.726,"body":"Dragonfly, who would it be and why?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1886.0610000000001,"endTime":1889.201,"body":"Any,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1886.0610000000001,"endTime":1889.201,"body":"any celebrity at any time?"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1889.336,"endTime":1893.106,"body":"Fictional or otherwise,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1889.336,"endTime":1893.106,"body":"from any time, alive or dead."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1893.856,"endTime":1895.1960000000001,"body":"I'd"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1893.856,"endTime":1895.1960000000001,"body":"take all four Beatles."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1897.756,"endTime":1899.1960000000001,"body":"John, Paul, George, and Ringo."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1899.4460000000001,"endTime":1903.5910000000001,"body":"for They're my spokespeople"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1899.4460000000001,"endTime":1903.5910000000001,"body":"for Dragonfly Energy"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1903.5910000000001,"endTime":1903.846,"body":"Lovely."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1904.001,"endTime":1906.3210000000001,"body":"we'll try to, we'll"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1904.001,"endTime":1906.3210000000001,"body":"see if we can make that happen, at"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1906.3210000000001,"endTime":1908.8410000000001,"body":"least for the, the remaining Beatles."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1910.386,"endTime":1912.136,"body":"With AI, it may"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1910.386,"endTime":1912.136,"body":"be possible to make them all."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1912.741,"endTime":1913.731,"body":"There you go, yeah."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1914.161,"endTime":1917.941,"body":"Probably have to get some permission"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1914.161,"endTime":1917.941,"body":"from their estates, but anyway,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1918.201,"endTime":1920.0810000000001,"body":"you gave me a left field question."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1920.0810000000001,"endTime":1920.861,"body":"There's your left field"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1920.861,"endTime":1921.111,"body":"answer"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1921.111,"endTime":1921.471,"body":"love it."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1921.626,"endTime":1921.986,"body":"Love it."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1922.126,"endTime":1922.4360000000001,"body":"Love it."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1922.566,"endTime":1922.766,"body":"Love it."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1924.066,"endTime":1932.296,"body":"Looking forward, looking to the future, we"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1924.066,"endTime":1932.296,"body":"have in the US and the EU and in China as"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1932.296,"endTime":1937.796,"body":"well, we've all set these goals for 2030"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1932.296,"endTime":1937.796,"body":"for climate, for emissions, et cetera."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1937.796,"endTime":1940.526,"body":"So that's a little over"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1937.796,"endTime":1940.526,"body":"five years from now."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1941.586,"endTime":1944.226,"body":"Where do you see Dragonfly"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1941.586,"endTime":1944.226,"body":"in five years time?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1944.891,"endTime":1950.971,"body":"I do see us at"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1944.891,"endTime":1950.971,"body":"the, gigascale producing cells"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1951.001,"endTime":1952.491,"body":"using our dry electrode process."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1952.8,"endTime":1957.22,"body":"Those are very aggressive goals,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1952.8,"endTime":1957.22,"body":"obviously, but it's not wrong"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1957.22,"endTime":1959.4,"body":"or bad to have aggressive goals."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1959.89,"endTime":1962.41,"body":"But things have to go right."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1962.44,"endTime":1965.97,"body":"And if you just look at our story"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1962.44,"endTime":1965.97,"body":"here, we thought we'd already"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1965.97,"endTime":1967.3200000000002,"body":"be in cell production now."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1967.3200000000002,"endTime":1971.4950000000001,"body":"And, the markets and the world"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1967.3200000000002,"endTime":1971.4950000000001,"body":"economy didn't cooperate."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1971.505,"endTime":1974.7250000000001,"body":"You know, we all suffered with high"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1971.505,"endTime":1974.7250000000001,"body":"inflation and rising interest rates."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1974.7250000000001,"endTime":1979.315,"body":"And that has a very, very real effect"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1974.7250000000001,"endTime":1979.315,"body":"on our ability to deploy innovation."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1979.325,"endTime":1983.145,"body":"So these are, these things are"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1979.325,"endTime":1983.145,"body":"all interconnected and you have to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1983.145,"endTime":1988.4750000000001,"body":"have a healthy economy to be able"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1983.145,"endTime":1988.4750000000001,"body":"to drive these green initiatives."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1988.855,"endTime":1993.625,"body":"It's not necessarily competing, but"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":1988.855,"endTime":1993.625,"body":"things have to line up, you know?"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1994.81,"endTime":1996.52,"body":"Yeah, sure, sure, sure, sure."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1997.56,"endTime":2000.3300000000002,"body":"We're coming towards the end"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":1997.56,"endTime":2000.3300000000002,"body":"of the podcast now, Denis."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2000.3500000000001,"endTime":2005.3400000000001,"body":"Is there any question I did not ask that"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2000.3500000000001,"endTime":2005.3400000000001,"body":"you wish I had or any aspect of this?"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2005.3400000000001,"endTime":2006.44,"body":"We haven't touched on that."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2006.44,"endTime":2008.1100000000001,"body":"You think it's important"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2006.44,"endTime":2008.1100000000001,"body":"for people to think about?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2008.6100000000001,"endTime":2012.19,"body":"Now, I mean, I'm I'm"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2008.6100000000001,"endTime":2012.19,"body":"willing to go any, anywhere you want"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2012.19,"endTime":2016.18,"body":"to go with this, or I'm willing to wrap"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2012.19,"endTime":2016.18,"body":"it up, but I've, I've said everything"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2016.18,"endTime":2017.8300000000002,"body":"that I think is important for Dragonfly."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2018.4850000000001,"endTime":2019.275,"body":"Okay, perfect."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2019.305,"endTime":2019.605,"body":"Great."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2020.155,"endTime":2025.095,"body":"If people would like to know more"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2020.155,"endTime":2025.095,"body":"about yourself or any of the things we"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2025.095,"endTime":2027.895,"body":"discussed on the podcast today, Denis,"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2025.095,"endTime":2027.895,"body":"where would you have me direct them?"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2028.425,"endTime":2032.405,"body":"You can find a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2028.425,"endTime":2032.405,"body":"lot about us on our website at at"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2032.415,"endTime":2037.565,"body":"www dot dragon fly energy dot com"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2032.415,"endTime":2037.565,"body":"or Battle Born Batteries dot com."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2037.565,"endTime":2041.2050000000002,"body":"If you are interested in our current"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2037.565,"endTime":2041.2050000000002,"body":"products, but we do have some information"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2041.2050000000002,"endTime":2045.395,"body":"about the technology that we're"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2041.2050000000002,"endTime":2045.395,"body":"developing on the on the Dragonfly site."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2045.895,"endTime":2050.435,"body":"And you know, I really appreciate the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2045.895,"endTime":2050.435,"body":"ability to come on your show today and,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2050.445,"endTime":2051.8849999999998,"body":"and to talk about what we're doing."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2051.8849999999998,"endTime":2055.375,"body":"It's, great to meet you, Tom, and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2051.8849999999998,"endTime":2055.375,"body":"I love talking about this stuff."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2055.875,"endTime":2056.4249999999997,"body":"Thank you, Denis."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2056.4249999999997,"endTime":2057.985,"body":"And thanks a million for"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2056.4249999999997,"endTime":2057.985,"body":"coming on the podcast."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2057.985,"endTime":2058.975,"body":"It's been really fascinating."},{"speaker":"Dr. Denis Phares","startTime":2060.245,"endTime":2060.6749999999997,"body":"Thank you."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2061.344,"endTime":2063.214,"body":"Okay, we've"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2061.344,"endTime":2063.214,"body":"come to the end of the show."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2063.9339999999997,"endTime":2065.044,"body":"Thanks everyone for listening."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2065.904,"endTime":2070.054,"body":"If you'd like to know more about the"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2065.904,"endTime":2070.054,"body":"Climate Confident podcast, feel free to"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2070.064,"endTime":2073.974,"body":"drop me an email to tomraftery at outlook."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2074.224,"endTime":2077.704,"body":"com or message me on LinkedIn or Twitter."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2078.274,"endTime":2082.014,"body":"If you like the show, please don't"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2078.274,"endTime":2082.014,"body":"forget to click follow on it in your"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2082.034,"endTime":2086.514,"body":"podcast application of choice to get new"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2082.034,"endTime":2086.514,"body":"episodes as soon as they're published."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2087.1440000000002,"endTime":2090.1040000000003,"body":"Also, please don't forget to"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2087.1440000000002,"endTime":2090.1040000000003,"body":"rate and review the podcast."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2090.304,"endTime":2092.834,"body":"It really does help new"},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2090.304,"endTime":2092.834,"body":"people to find the show."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2093.924,"endTime":2094.3740000000003,"body":"Thanks."},{"speaker":"Tom Raftery","startTime":2095.044,"endTime":2095.964,"body":"Catch you all next time."}]}