Conor

So you got me, you got AI. You're good. Yeah that's all we that's all we need. That's all we need. And you talking about AI. That's the third pillar right there. Welcome to ADSP the podcast, episode 251, recorded on August 21st, 2025. My name is Connor, and today with my co-host Bryce, we interview Sean Parent. This is part four of a four-part conversation. You heard part three last week. We're doing part four this week, and then you'll hear the first two parts in the next two episodes. In this episode, we chat with Sean about his upcoming keynote talk at C under the C. You are going to be keynoting uh in T minus a month. Um I don't think they've announced the other speakers yet.

Bryce

No, they have not.

Conor

They have not. So tell us briefly what you'll be chatting about, and I think the dates are like October 9th and 10th. So if folks are in uh Europe or close or are willing to fly to the Netherlands, uh you can go see Sean's talk. This is current Connor, while he is editing this episode, which we recorded on August 21st. And since we recorded, Bryce and I both had our talks accepted to C under the sea. So not only can you go and see Sean and get to chat with him at C Under the Sea, Bryce and I will also be there. So if you're not gonna be near or close to Copenhagen or in Norway for NDC Tech Town, we will also be in Breda, Netherlands on October 9th and 10th. Back to Sean. But yeah, what are you gonna be talking about?

Sean Parent

Uh I'm gonna uh repeat the talk that I just gave at C Now, uh, which is uh titled Are We There Yet? And the title comes from a talk I gave um uh uh at the very first, it was a keynote at the very first BoostCon pre-C Now. And there's an online recording of it because I also gave it at uh Google as a Google Tech Talk in I don't know what year it was. So I would have to look it up, 2007, something like that. Uh and that that talk was titled A Possible Future of Software Development. And basically what it laid out at the time was that there was a huge reduction possible if we moved to generic programming, kind of Stepanov style generic programming, and we start writing code in terms of algebraic structures so that it can be commonly used, and that gets rid of a lot of the write and rewrite and rewrite and rewrite and rewrite the same implementation of an algorithm, and actually leads to code reuse where object-oriented programming had that promise, but it was never fulfilled. And then started to look at where do we go from here, and the idea of where we go from here is what I refer to as declarative forms, this notion of you should be able to state your intent around how a program is is constructed, right? So you so you basically you define things structurally, and the computer figures out what the right data structures and algorithms are to use to use to realize that. And I showed a demo at the time of uh of property models and uh a UI layout library that I had at the time. Um I think the property model work is still somewhat unique in the industry. I've published a number of papers on it with Yanko Yarve. Uh so those are all linked on my on my website. Layout libraries at the time, you know, the it was known as Eve, had quite a unique set of capabilities. I think less so now. There's a couple of unique capabilities it has. It can it can do cross-hierarchy alignment easily where where other layout engines don't. Uh uh, but that was kind of a take on it. And and um uh so this talk kind of revisits so revisits that. Uh uh how far is generic programming come in in the last 20 years? Uh the answer is a lot. Um uh nobody knew what it was 20 years ago, and now it's uh a significant part of all the major languages.

Bryce

It it is amazing to think about that just 20 years ago how different the software industry was in that way. Because it's something that we take that Connor and I think take for granted because we sort of grew up in that environment.

Sean Parent

Yep. Yep. Yep. I think there are still things that uh uh uh the industry gets wrong about generic programming. So I'll touch on some of those. Uh, you know, and then this notion of how do we get to declarative forms, right? Uh, you know, at one point this idea, it's not unique to me, was referred to as like fourth generation languages and prologue kind of being the canonical example. Um and I think the idea was right, but all of these systems have failed for for a number of reasons. And so let's look at kind of the reasons why this tact has failed in the past. And uh can we take another stab at it and and maybe go in a different direction.

Bryce

Do you think that the that the um do you think that declarative languages like that are more relevant these days because of AI?

Sean Parent

I think potentially they are. Like one of the things that I'm looking at in my current work is is how do I expose the structure directly to the AI? Another group at Adobe has been doing work on on a similar area. And uh that gets really interesting. It means that you're you know you can have your your AI build features that weren't there under the hood, right? Right? They can they can play with the Lego blocks, if you will, uh, you know, more at a user level than at a at a at a raw coding level.

Bryce

What wasn't wasn't Prologue like originally developed by an AI lab back in the 70s?

Sean Parent

Uh you know, I do not know that. I would have to look that up.

Bryce

Uh uh certainly it's got early AI uh It was it was created around 1972 by some guy from the University of France and their their artificial intelligence group.

Sean Parent

Yeah. Uh so yeah, so I think these things connect well to AI and I think uh uh potentially solve a lot of the problems of AI. And you know what my goal is is to say that you know you want to build a set of domain-specific languages as well that all interoperate, uh as well as the infrastructure to define new languages within that, within that family. Um and each of the languages, the goal should be to solve a particular class of problems well and to be as provable as possible. And so, like one of the attributes of the layout system that I did, it's a constraint-based system, but you can neither over-constrain it nor under-constrain it. Any layout that you describe, it will give a layout. And I tried to do the same with property models and fell a little bit short. Uh uh there is a model checker where if you run the model checker and it succeeds, then you know that there's a solution for any set of values that you feed into the system. Um the problem is 20 years ago at the time, I did kind of a back-of-the-envelope proof of the complexity of the model checker and and said, uh it looks like it's it's n log n-ish, something like that. I recently pulled up those notes and found several mistakes, and it's like, no, it's it's n choose m m-ish, which is a whole different code. So, so it's probably only reasonable to fully model check things at a a small scale. So I'm looking at uh how how do you build a system that can do do a better job at model checking above that. But yeah, you know, I think if you you know, when you write code, if you've ever had the sense of I'm writing kind of the same thing again, right? Right, I'm solving a similar problem that falls into a family of problems I've had before. Uh uh, then this notion of how do you back up and how do you describe that class of problems and how do you get to the point where you can solve it once gets interesting. Uh uh so that's the direction of the talk. Uh I'm hoping to get a demo together of my new work right now.

Bryce

There's I could show a bunch of Rust code, but it's not uh So wait, wait, to be clear, your plan for your keynote at the C conference is to show a bunch of Rust code. I mean, I I'm not saying that's inappropriate. I just want to be clear.

Sean Parent

My plan is hopefully to show a demo of a of a of a small slice of a functioning system. Uh if I were to, you know, the closest I could give right now is be like, oh, look at all this Rust code I've written. And if I run it on the command line, it puts out these numbers, which are somewhat interesting to me. Um so so if I'm only at that point still, it I I won't give a demo. It wouldn't be interesting. You know, I could give a demo at a Rust conference and talk about the structure of the code, and that might be interesting, but not as a COVID.

Bryce

I I have learned that running concurrently with uh uh CBP under the sea, there is a big AI conference in Amsterdam. I can't remember the name, World AI Summit Amsterdam maybe is the interesting yes, it's it's on the 8th and the 9th. So uh so yeah, there's some some potential crossover there.

Sean Parent

Yep. And then um you know for your European listeners, uh before C under the sea, um uh Sergei Platinoff uh has invited me to do a meetup, and so I will do probably the same talk in person in a meetup uh in Zurich. Stop by Zurich uh on my way to on my way to the Netherlands. Uh for people who don't know Sergei, he's the person who started C Russia. And when the Russian-Ukraine war broke out, uh his wife is Ukrainian and he he fled the country and now lives in Zurich. Um which was very sad. The day before the the war broke out, he sent me uh an an invite to speak at C Russia again.

Bryce

Uh-uh. That was a good conference. It's it's a shame.

Conor

Yes. The the reason though I was saying that is it uh we had such a blast uh at C on C I want to say it was 2023 at this point, uh because I Yeah.

Bryce

Was it 2023? I think it must have been, yeah.

Conor

It was either it was either it definitely wasn't this year. So it was either 24 or 23. But anyways, it was a blast recording in person, you know, during the dinner or post-dinner and uh if it's not it's C under the C. We will try to have to make that happen in person again, because as as fun as it I mean, this was amazing to be honest. Uh you've I don't know how you've managed to bundle so many uh like internet happy topics. We've got Rust versus C. We've got AI, and we've got like the dystopic or utopic future that lays ahead for us, uh, should people be worried or not. Um so this is just gonna be banger after banger. Um but yeah, as fun as this was, we're uh we will have to try to do this again in person at some point, um, whether at a conference or I'm sure Bryce and I um will be in Santa Clara at some point at the same time. The problem is we usually go at different times because we're on different teams. Um but maybe next year at GTC uh if you're gonna be there and I'm gonna be there. You live in the era, Sean.

Sean Parent

So Yeah, I know Bryce was like at the most recent GTC and I've actually been to California like after the fact. I'm like, I'm a block away.

Bryce

Yeah, I I've actually been to California like six times since then, but I've just it's been the travel's been so crazy this year that it's all it's been like all all work. Um I haven't had I haven't had any spare time. Yeah. But uh but yeah, I'm sure we'll I mean I I suspect we'll both be at GTC this year, Connor, hopefully.

Conor

Hopefully. I mean GTC has become like, you know, I don't know. What's the what's the comparison of like some Epcot Center Disneyland or not even Disneyland, Disney World, like they rent out half of San Jose.

Bryce

I couldn't even get into the keynote last year. I was uh I was less like, oh yeah, I'll just show up like a couple minutes beforehand. There was like a line around around the block, it was uh I'll I'll tell one last story, then we'll then we'll be done. Back in 2017, when I was still at Berkeley Lab, I was thinking about coming to NVIDIA, and um I always like to so so in in the Jewish religion, if you want to convert to Judaism, the rabbi it's it's not supposed to not be easy to convert, and the rabbi is supposed to tell you no the first two times. And then if you come back and you come back the third time and you say, Yeah, I want to convert, then he's like, All right, all right, you can convert. And so when I when I was in this process looking for a new job, I approached Olivier, my old mentor at NVIDIA, and the first time he was like, Oh, I'm not sure if you'd like it here coming from academia, and the second time he's like, Oh, I'm not sure where we'd put you. And then like eventually I went and I asked him the third time. But in between, in between the the second and the third time, um, because I I I was sort of entranced to come to NVIDIA by Olivier, Michael, and Jared, because they were I just I they were the people they were a small delegation in the C committee compared to Google or Microsoft, but they seemed to get so much more stuff done and be so sharp. And Olivier just loved talking passionately about the chip he was designing and why GPUs were superior to CPUs for compute workloads. And I was very convinced coming from the CPU SIMD world. I I was I bought I bought what he was telling me, and he he kept hinting that they were gonna launch a very cool chip at GTC. And so I I decided I was gonna go down for GTC 2017 uh for the keynote day. Uh so like I woke up at like 6 a.m. and I drove down from Berkeley um to uh uh Santa Clara and this was when it was still in the convention center before it had to go to the stadium. And I um I I guess I was still pricey even then because uh I get I get to the the entrance and they're letting people in and I see a line for like uh a press. And I'm just like, what the heck? I'll just go in the press line. And they didn't check any IDs or anything, and they took everybody in the press lines, got to go up to like the front row. And so I was in the front row of the GTC 2017 keynote uh when Jensen launched Volta, launched TensorCores, like that. That was like a huge monumental GTC, and that was the launch of Volta, which was like a paradigm shift in GPUs for us. Um, and I was just there in the first row live tweeting, and it sort of blew up my Twitter because I was able to get all these good pictures because everybody else was at least 10 rows behind because they had all these spots reserved for the press people. Um and then I went to go see Olivier's talk, and uh and I was I was convinced I was sold I wanted to go to NVIDIA after that, and I uh and I went home after.

Conor

And then I can't wait to the the version of this story, you know, in the next 10 years where like Bryce ends up behind bars because he was overentitled and just like, oh no, I'm supposed to, hey, hey, hey officer, officer.

Bryce

Yeah. Oh man. I I wanna I want to note at the end of that story that that was before I was an employee of NVIDIA. So my misbehavior was perfectly fine.

Sean Parent

All right, well we're shouting the security incident now to uh review their press protocol.

Conor

I'm sure it's uh I'm sure they run a much tighter ship now than than they used to. Uh yeah.

Bryce

Sean, are you still coming out to New York at all?

Sean Parent

Um I have not recently. Um you know, I met up with you guys last time I was there. So uh uh yeah. Um it will probably happen at some point. Yeah, my organization is sliding under Titus's, so I'm gonna report through Titus too here pretty soon.

Conor

I forgot Titus was at uh Adobe.

Bryce

I haven't talked to him in forever.

Sean Parent

Yeah, we got Titus, we got Hiram, we got all the cool cool kids here.

Conor

Is is Titus speaking at conferences still? I haven't seen his name pop up recently. Um I've seen David's because David was at uh C No. I I've seen David's name pop up a couple places, but I haven't seen Titus's.

Sean Parent

Yeah, yeah. No, I haven't seen Titus speaking anywhere recently. Uh yeah. I think he's been he's been heads down. So he's he's reluctantly growing his org, and I think it's growing a little bigger, a little faster than he wants.

Conor

So I was gonna say that's good news for the folks that are hoping, you know, for jobs and whatnot, but potentially it's just all internal re-orgs and and people joining his what do you call it, binary or what is what do you call it, tree that's not binary, that's uh just a tree, I guess. Yeah, just a tree. An NR tree.

Bryce

Um I gotta get going because um we gotta go to the US Open. Cool.

Sean Parent

Well plug if you get it in for your listeners. I think uh career startadobe.com. I do think Adobe still still has some open slots.

Conor

Okay, yeah. There you go. If you're uh We will plug it, we will plug it. A new graduate or not a new graduate and uh just out looking for a change or looking for something new. Um it sounds like you got a lot of cool people at uh Adobe. Um uh regardless of where you end up, you'll be working with some some cool folks.

Sean Parent

Yeah. Yeah, good company and happy year.

Conor

Alrighty. Thanks so much, Sean. This has been an absolute blast. I I must will I'll I'll find it in after the fact in post and edit in the person. Someone uh there was a couple comments that I got on recent episodes. One of them was this is it was a a photo, this is what the ADSP podcast has been recently, and they took our logo, deleted everything except for the A, and then added a white I next to it. Uh and then the other comment I got was like, Where's Sean? I mean, uh it's great that you two are here, but I'm here for the Sean content. And I was like, Oh, that's true. We haven't had Sean on in a while. We gotta fix that ASAP. And and so now we have done so. Uh, but we'll make sure it's it's sooner, whatever the delta was, it's sooner than uh than that amount of time until the next time we have you on. So you got me, you got AI. You're good. Yeah that's all we that's all we need. That's all we need. And you talking about AI. That's the third pillar right there.

Bryce

We'll just we'll just train a Sean AI model from all the pod past podcasts.

Conor

No, it's not the same. It's not although I would, if we did that, we'd have to get you, Sean, to come and just talk to yourself. Then that would be that would be content worth listening to.

Bryce

Um a discussion with Sean Parent and Sean Parent.

Conor

You make a very good point.

Bryce

Yeah.

Conor

Yeah, I mean, we're gonna be living in a future soon where, especially for the three of us, we just point them at the episodes and say, go create a model. There's actually a company I've heard of called Delphi, where it's literally sim very similar to the Black Mirror episode where uh person's partner passes away and they feed it texts and then emails, and it gets better and better, where somehow they train a basically rep a digital replica of you. And then if you're a busy person, you can just go ask the Delphi, go ask Connor's Delphi first, or go ask Sean's Delphi, and then uh you know, you can you can review all your Delphi's responses pretty quickly. Oh, that's good, good, good, good, good, just to make sure it's doing a good job. And so you basically can copy yourself, which is listening to the podcast about that, they were very high on it, and it sounded very creepy, but at the same time, you're like, I guess I would like to have an extra of me if we could get more work done. Or like, or like the the questions that you don't like answering, whether that's professionally, socially, in your relationship, you just you just go talk to my Delphi about that, okay?

Sean Parent

There are certainly a number of meetings where I wouldn't mind just, you know, it's like my attendance is required only because politically my face should be there. And it's like like just put an avatar for me in there and and I'll go write some code.

Conor

Yeah. We'll see. We might be living in that future soon because we can all think of examples of that where yeah, whether it's meetings or something. Okay. We'll let you go then, Sean. Uh, thanks so much. Be sure to check these show notes either in your podcast app or at adsphepodcast.com for links to anything we mentioned in today's episode, as well as a link to a GitHub discussion where you can leave thoughts, comments, and questions. Thanks for listening. We hope you enjoyed and have a great day.

Bryce

Low quality, high quality. That is the tagline of our podcast.

Conor

That's not the tagline. Our tagline is chaos with sprinkles of information.