{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":19.035,"endTime":23.645,"body":"Welcome to season three of the Dirt on"},{"startTime":19.035,"endTime":23.645,"body":"Organic Farming, a podcast from OATS,"},{"startTime":23.785,"endTime":27.925,"body":"the Organic Agronomy Training Service."},{"startTime":23.785,"endTime":27.925,"body":"I'm your host, Nate Powell Palm."},{"startTime":28.675,"endTime":32.645,"body":"This season is all about mistakes,"},{"startTime":28.675,"endTime":32.645,"body":"but mistakes come in different forms."},{"startTime":33.115,"endTime":34.485,"body":"Some take work to recover from,"},{"startTime":34.784,"endTime":38.885,"body":"but every once in a while a mistake"},{"startTime":34.784,"endTime":38.885,"body":"actually ends up working to your benefit."},{"startTime":39.784,"endTime":43.725,"body":"It takes an experimental approach and"},{"startTime":39.784,"endTime":43.725,"body":"an openness to new possibilities to"},{"startTime":44.045,"endTime":46.205,"body":"recognize the opportunities"},{"startTime":44.045,"endTime":46.205,"body":"in those mistakes,"},{"startTime":46.945,"endTime":50.765,"body":"and it means that you've put yourself"},{"startTime":46.945,"endTime":50.765,"body":"in a position to make them in the first"},{"startTime":50.766,"endTime":55.645,"body":"place. In this episode, we're talking"},{"startTime":50.766,"endTime":55.645,"body":"about happy accidents with Stan Kloc."},{"startTime":56.605,"endTime":60.205,"body":"Well, my name is Stan Kloc."},{"startTime":56.605,"endTime":60.205,"body":"That's the Kloc with a K-L-O-C."},{"startTime":60.605,"endTime":63.245,"body":"I grew up on the farm."},{"startTime":60.605,"endTime":63.245,"body":"It was a dairy farm."},{"startTime":63.405,"endTime":67.005,"body":"I worked with dad and six"},{"startTime":63.405,"endTime":67.005,"body":"brothers, three sisters, and mom,"},{"startTime":67.105,"endTime":70.805,"body":"went off to college, got hired"},{"startTime":67.105,"endTime":70.805,"body":"into the corporate world,"},{"startTime":71.065,"endTime":75.194,"body":"and got stuck there basically."},{"startTime":71.065,"endTime":75.194,"body":"It was, you know, good pay."},{"startTime":75.915,"endTime":76.748,"body":"It was tough to leave,"},{"startTime":76.975,"endTime":81.905,"body":"but what it did do is it"},{"startTime":76.975,"endTime":81.905,"body":"allowed me to buy my first"},{"startTime":82.015,"endTime":83.905,"body":"farm. That was back in '83,"},{"startTime":84.865,"endTime":88.305,"body":"and then I bought my second farm in 2001."},{"startTime":90.145,"endTime":93.935,"body":"I knew from a little kid, you"},{"startTime":90.145,"endTime":93.935,"body":"know, eight, 10 years old,"},{"startTime":94.135,"endTime":98.775,"body":"that I wanted to own a"},{"startTime":94.135,"endTime":98.775,"body":"farm and be on the farm,"},{"startTime":98.915,"endTime":101.575,"body":"but it just took me a lot"},{"startTime":98.915,"endTime":101.575,"body":"of years to get there. So,"},{"startTime":102.785,"endTime":105.185,"body":"I now farm 535 acres organic."},{"startTime":106.305,"endTime":108.915,"body":"This is the first year"},{"startTime":106.305,"endTime":108.915,"body":"all of it will be organic."},{"startTime":110.805,"endTime":112.735,"body":"It's been some transition here and there,"},{"startTime":112.955,"endTime":117.855,"body":"and I never planned on being 500 acres."},{"startTime":112.955,"endTime":117.855,"body":"I thought that if I could get to 300,"},{"startTime":118.555,"endTime":122.455,"body":"I'd be fine, I'd be great. And it"},{"startTime":118.555,"endTime":122.455,"body":"just kind of exploded. Word of mouth."},{"startTime":122.515,"endTime":124.975,"body":"People said, well, hey, you"},{"startTime":122.515,"endTime":124.975,"body":"know, Stan's farming mine,"},{"startTime":125.195,"endTime":128.455,"body":"he seems to be doing a good job, and"},{"startTime":125.195,"endTime":128.455,"body":"you're looking for someone to rent,"},{"startTime":129.375,"endTime":131.185,"body":"talk to him. It just kind of exploded."},{"startTime":131.785,"endTime":134.025,"body":"Stan Farms about two hours from Detroit."},{"startTime":134.495,"endTime":138.865,"body":"Well, if you look at Michigan,"},{"startTime":134.495,"endTime":138.865,"body":"it's right there. Literally,"},{"startTime":138.935,"endTime":143.745,"body":"it's like 45 miles from the"},{"startTime":138.935,"endTime":143.745,"body":"shore in three directions."},{"startTime":144.005,"endTime":147.825,"body":"My primary crops are"},{"startTime":144.005,"endTime":147.825,"body":"corn, soybeans, and wheat,"},{"startTime":148.775,"endTime":153.745,"body":"with a few dry beans thrown in. And"},{"startTime":148.775,"endTime":153.745,"body":"I've also been experimenting with peas,"},{"startTime":153.835,"endTime":157.345,"body":"field peas. Have not had"},{"startTime":153.835,"endTime":157.345,"body":"real good success with those."},{"startTime":157.485,"endTime":160.425,"body":"I'm going to try one more year. You"},{"startTime":157.485,"endTime":160.425,"body":"know, three strikes, you're out,"},{"startTime":160.426,"endTime":162.865,"body":"and if you get a success,"},{"startTime":160.426,"endTime":162.865,"body":"well then you try again."},{"startTime":163.685,"endTime":167.605,"body":"So that's where I'm at right now. I"},{"startTime":163.685,"endTime":167.605,"body":"didn't get any wheat planted this fall."},{"startTime":167.606,"endTime":170.405,"body":"It was really just a miserable"},{"startTime":167.606,"endTime":170.405,"body":"year for getting wheat planted."},{"startTime":171.514,"endTime":173.975,"body":"So I've got a few acres that are open yet,"},{"startTime":174.455,"endTime":176.775,"body":"I don't have a clue what I'm"},{"startTime":174.455,"endTime":176.775,"body":"going to plant yet. So we'll see."},{"startTime":177.125,"endTime":179.794,"body":"It's always a learning curve on the farm."},{"startTime":180.455,"endTime":183.275,"body":"It is always a learning"},{"startTime":180.455,"endTime":183.275,"body":"curve on the farm. I mean,"},{"startTime":183.705,"endTime":184.995,"body":"when we actually talked to Stan,"},{"startTime":185.335,"endTime":187.995,"body":"he was trying to put out a"},{"startTime":185.335,"endTime":187.995,"body":"literal fire in his grain bins."},{"startTime":189.415,"endTime":192.595,"body":"So I don't have my own storage,"},{"startTime":193.175,"endTime":198.155,"body":"and the gentleman that I rent bin"},{"startTime":193.175,"endTime":198.155,"body":"space from is an absolutely wonderful"},{"startTime":198.175,"endTime":201.225,"body":"guy, give you the shirt off his back."},{"startTime":201.725,"endTime":206.585,"body":"So they unloaded three trucks worth"},{"startTime":201.725,"endTime":206.585,"body":"of grain right before the snow and the"},{"startTime":206.586,"endTime":210.185,"body":"cold spell hit. So I get a phone"},{"startTime":206.586,"endTime":210.185,"body":"call, \"Hey, can you run over,"},{"startTime":210.735,"endTime":214.195,"body":"load out a truck?\" Sure, I can go"},{"startTime":210.735,"endTime":214.195,"body":"do that. I get over there, well,"},{"startTime":214.196,"endTime":218.865,"body":"the pit's got three, four inches of"},{"startTime":214.196,"endTime":218.865,"body":"ice, and I can't load the truck. So,"},{"startTime":220.655,"endTime":224.705,"body":"went back over the following day to try"},{"startTime":220.655,"endTime":224.705,"body":"and get the pit auger thawed out, and"},{"startTime":226.815,"endTime":229.585,"body":"decided the easiest way to do it"},{"startTime":226.815,"endTime":229.585,"body":"would be to throw salamander out."},{"startTime":230.475,"endTime":232.435,"body":"A salamander is a type of portable heater."},{"startTime":232.685,"endTime":235.515,"body":"Three hours later, it"},{"startTime":232.685,"endTime":235.515,"body":"hasn't hardly done anything."},{"startTime":235.535,"endTime":239.315,"body":"So I went and got a bigger salamander"},{"startTime":235.535,"endTime":239.315,"body":"and put that on. Well, lo and behold,"},{"startTime":239.345,"endTime":241.275,"body":"that salamander decided to catch fire,"},{"startTime":241.276,"endTime":245.195,"body":"and in the process it caught"},{"startTime":241.276,"endTime":245.195,"body":"the covering to the pit on fire."},{"startTime":246.265,"endTime":248.905,"body":"I wasn't there when it happened."},{"startTime":246.265,"endTime":248.905,"body":"I had actually left for a few,"},{"startTime":250.105,"endTime":250.746,"body":"get a phone call, \"Hey,"},{"startTime":250.746,"endTime":255.335,"body":"there's smoke rolling up from"},{"startTime":250.746,"endTime":255.335,"body":"the bin site.\" I carry a fire"},{"startTime":255.336,"endTime":258.875,"body":"extinguisher in the truck all the"},{"startTime":255.336,"endTime":258.875,"body":"time. Ran over, put the fire out,"},{"startTime":259.095,"endTime":263.795,"body":"and ended up having to work"},{"startTime":259.095,"endTime":263.795,"body":"around and finally spend another"},{"startTime":264.185,"endTime":266.955,"body":"half a day getting the auger"},{"startTime":264.185,"endTime":266.955,"body":"pit, not only thawed out,"},{"startTime":266.956,"endTime":269.714,"body":"but once I got it thawed out, then I"},{"startTime":266.956,"endTime":269.714,"body":"had to clean all the burned ashes out,"},{"startTime":270.654,"endTime":273.755,"body":"and get it ready for the next day to"},{"startTime":270.654,"endTime":273.755,"body":"load truck. But we got it fixed with,"},{"startTime":273.955,"endTime":275.435,"body":"and everything's back up and running now."},{"startTime":276.775,"endTime":279.035,"body":"Oh, just another day on the"},{"startTime":276.775,"endTime":279.035,"body":"farm for Stan, it seems."},{"startTime":279.855,"endTime":283.235,"body":"As you might be able to tell, Stan"},{"startTime":279.855,"endTime":283.235,"body":"doesn't mind being kept on his toes."},{"startTime":283.705,"endTime":287.355,"body":"He's a creative problem solver who's"},{"startTime":283.705,"endTime":287.355,"body":"always looking for new tools and new"},{"startTime":287.356,"endTime":289.154,"body":"methods to improve his organic operation."},{"startTime":289.605,"endTime":292.515,"body":"Which brings us to our"},{"startTime":289.605,"endTime":292.515,"body":"story about trefflers."},{"startTime":293.075,"endTime":295.695,"body":"So, a treffler is just"},{"startTime":293.075,"endTime":295.695,"body":"a tool. I bought one."},{"startTime":296.755,"endTime":300.815,"body":"And it's been a real learning curve"},{"startTime":296.755,"endTime":300.815,"body":"for me, but it's done, in my opinion,"},{"startTime":301.165,"endTime":303.295,"body":"it's been a remarkable tool for my final."},{"startTime":304.035,"endTime":307.255,"body":"It all started because Stan was"},{"startTime":304.035,"endTime":307.255,"body":"having some trouble with weeds."},{"startTime":307.895,"endTime":311.175,"body":"I tried peas, I mentioned that"},{"startTime":307.895,"endTime":311.175,"body":"I'm planting peas occasionally."},{"startTime":311.895,"endTime":316.335,"body":"I had a field of peas, and peas are"},{"startTime":311.895,"endTime":316.335,"body":"planted in not 30 inch or 20 inch rows,"},{"startTime":316.404,"endTime":320.055,"body":"they're planted in seven and a"},{"startTime":316.404,"endTime":320.055,"body":"half or six and a half inch rows."},{"startTime":320.795,"endTime":325.464,"body":"So I planted these peas. You"},{"startTime":320.795,"endTime":325.464,"body":"plant them early in the spring."},{"startTime":326.285,"endTime":330.895,"body":"You can't go in there with a"},{"startTime":326.285,"endTime":330.895,"body":"cultivator to cultivate the peas."},{"startTime":332.245,"endTime":337.105,"body":"So you need another tool. And the"},{"startTime":332.245,"endTime":337.105,"body":"tine weeder, which is the treffler,"},{"startTime":337.385,"endTime":339.425,"body":"is a tine weeder, is one of those tools."},{"startTime":339.565,"endTime":341.665,"body":"For those who don't know"},{"startTime":339.565,"endTime":341.665,"body":"what a tine weeder is,"},{"startTime":342.375,"endTime":344.505,"body":"it's nothing more than big fingers,"},{"startTime":344.735,"endTime":349.505,"body":"fingers that drag through"},{"startTime":344.735,"endTime":349.505,"body":"the dirt and it disrupts the"},{"startTime":349.745,"endTime":353.625,"body":"dirt, disrupts the soil, down to different"},{"startTime":349.745,"endTime":353.625,"body":"depths depending on how pressure is,"},{"startTime":353.625,"endTime":354.458,"body":"and it takes out those little weeds."},{"startTime":357.835,"endTime":359.895,"body":"It flips those weeds"},{"startTime":357.835,"endTime":359.895,"body":"over and they dry out."},{"startTime":360.635,"endTime":365.535,"body":"So because your crop"},{"startTime":360.635,"endTime":365.535,"body":"is planted an inch and"},{"startTime":365.536,"endTime":366.935,"body":"a half, two inches deep,"},{"startTime":367.875,"endTime":371.635,"body":"and the weeds tend to germinate in"},{"startTime":367.875,"endTime":371.635,"body":"the top half inch or so of soil,"},{"startTime":372.375,"endTime":376.355,"body":"you can run the tine weeder"},{"startTime":372.375,"endTime":376.355,"body":"through and take out the weeds."},{"startTime":376.535,"endTime":380.154,"body":"The deeper the weed root is, the"},{"startTime":376.535,"endTime":380.154,"body":"more pressure you need to go."},{"startTime":381.154,"endTime":386.035,"body":"Stan has a hunch that a Treffler might"},{"startTime":381.154,"endTime":386.035,"body":"be a good fit for addressing the weeds in"},{"startTime":386.036,"endTime":388.355,"body":"his pea field, but he doesn't have one."},{"startTime":389.265,"endTime":393.755,"body":"I'm talking to my friend Paul. He says,"},{"startTime":389.265,"endTime":393.755,"body":"well go get mine and use it. Okay,"},{"startTime":393.985,"endTime":396.795,"body":"sure. I go over there. Well,"},{"startTime":396.796,"endTime":399.714,"body":"he hasn't even uncreated"},{"startTime":396.796,"endTime":399.714,"body":"this Treffler yet."},{"startTime":400.385,"endTime":404.235,"body":"It's unloaded right off the truck, still"},{"startTime":400.385,"endTime":404.235,"body":"got all the bands holding it together,"},{"startTime":405.265,"endTime":408.115,"body":"wood on it. I uncrate it, I hook it up."},{"startTime":408.154,"endTime":411.515,"body":"I go to my field and I start"},{"startTime":408.154,"endTime":411.515,"body":"tine weeding the field."},{"startTime":412.095,"endTime":416.075,"body":"So I'm going through this field. I"},{"startTime":412.095,"endTime":416.075,"body":"have no clue what I'm doing. Literally,"},{"startTime":416.115,"endTime":418.995,"body":"I have no clue what I'm doing. I've"},{"startTime":416.115,"endTime":418.995,"body":"never used one of these before."},{"startTime":419.745,"endTime":422.915,"body":"I've never seen a tine weeder before."},{"startTime":419.745,"endTime":422.915,"body":"So backed up my tractor to it,"},{"startTime":422.995,"endTime":425.115,"body":"I hooked it up, I went out, I'm"},{"startTime":422.995,"endTime":425.115,"body":"using it. I go a little ways,"},{"startTime":425.295,"endTime":428.435,"body":"get out of the tractor, look at the"},{"startTime":425.295,"endTime":428.435,"body":"crop, get back in, change the setting,"},{"startTime":428.535,"endTime":429.675,"body":"go back, look at the crop,"},{"startTime":430.415,"endTime":434.635,"body":"and I made a decision not"},{"startTime":430.415,"endTime":434.635,"body":"knowing what I'm doing. To me,"},{"startTime":434.705,"endTime":438.555,"body":"this looks like a good setting so that"},{"startTime":434.705,"endTime":438.555,"body":"I'm going through the field like that."},{"startTime":438.875,"endTime":439.995,"body":"I'm doing the whole field."},{"startTime":440.915,"endTime":443.655,"body":"But then he accidentally"},{"startTime":440.915,"endTime":443.655,"body":"grabs the hydraulic lever."},{"startTime":444.715,"endTime":449.695,"body":"The reason I grabbed the hydraulic"},{"startTime":444.715,"endTime":449.695,"body":"lever was because there was a tiling"},{"startTime":449.845,"endTime":452.855,"body":"surface drain in the field,"},{"startTime":453.635,"endTime":458.375,"body":"and I needed to raise the whole unit"},{"startTime":453.635,"endTime":458.375,"body":"up to go over this tiling surface"},{"startTime":458.385,"endTime":461.855,"body":"drain. So I didn't damage it."},{"startTime":458.385,"endTime":461.855,"body":"I grabbed the wrong lever,"},{"startTime":462.795,"endTime":467.535,"body":"and instead of raising the unit up, I"},{"startTime":462.795,"endTime":467.535,"body":"increased the down pressure on the tines."},{"startTime":468.015,"endTime":472.375,"body":"And I'm in a panic, I'm grab now I'm"},{"startTime":468.015,"endTime":472.375,"body":"grabbing levers, I don't know. Anyway,"},{"startTime":472.735,"endTime":477.735,"body":"I ended up going about 75 feet with"},{"startTime":472.735,"endTime":477.735,"body":"this pressure all the way to the max"},{"startTime":478.595,"endTime":480.415,"body":"in the field. Literally,"},{"startTime":480.495,"endTime":485.015,"body":"I stopped the tractor so I didn't run"},{"startTime":480.495,"endTime":485.015,"body":"over the tile stand pipe and got my wits"},{"startTime":485.016,"endTime":489.495,"body":"about me, raised it up, went over. Then"},{"startTime":485.016,"endTime":489.495,"body":"I put everything back to where I had it,"},{"startTime":489.635,"endTime":491.135,"body":"and then continued through the field."},{"startTime":492.195,"endTime":497.055,"body":"Not until harvest did I realize"},{"startTime":492.195,"endTime":497.055,"body":"that that place where I had"},{"startTime":497.056,"endTime":500.695,"body":"took the down pressure all the way to"},{"startTime":497.056,"endTime":500.695,"body":"the max was the cleanest spot in the"},{"startTime":500.696,"endTime":501.529,"body":"field."},{"startTime":502.415,"endTime":504.135,"body":"A happy accident for sure,"},{"startTime":504.955,"endTime":507.455,"body":"but it was Stan's openness"},{"startTime":504.955,"endTime":507.455,"body":"to experimentation,"},{"startTime":507.795,"endTime":511.735,"body":"and the close attention he pays to"},{"startTime":507.795,"endTime":511.735,"body":"what is happening on his farm and why,"},{"startTime":512.085,"endTime":514.695,"body":"that enabled him to learn"},{"startTime":512.085,"endTime":514.695,"body":"a valuable lesson from it."},{"startTime":515.195,"endTime":519.375,"body":"And he says it's changed the way"},{"startTime":515.195,"endTime":519.375,"body":"he approaches weed control overall."},{"startTime":519.835,"endTime":524.054,"body":"Now, I've got my own machine."},{"startTime":519.835,"endTime":524.054,"body":"I'm out there using it."},{"startTime":525.215,"endTime":529.815,"body":"I go a hundred feet, I get"},{"startTime":525.215,"endTime":529.815,"body":"out, I check the crop. I look,"},{"startTime":530.475,"endTime":533.335,"body":"you know, did I pull any crops"},{"startTime":530.475,"endTime":533.335,"body":"out? Did I pull any soybeans out?"},{"startTime":533.975,"endTime":536.365,"body":"Is it taking all the weeds"},{"startTime":533.975,"endTime":536.365,"body":"out? A real learning curve."},{"startTime":536.505,"endTime":541.365,"body":"But what I've pretty much found out"},{"startTime":536.505,"endTime":541.365,"body":"is that you almost cannot be too"},{"startTime":541.366,"endTime":545.525,"body":"aggressive. Or if you get out"},{"startTime":541.366,"endTime":545.525,"body":"and look at the crop and say, oh,"},{"startTime":545.545,"endTime":550.054,"body":"it looks beautiful, I'm not damaging"},{"startTime":545.545,"endTime":550.054,"body":"any crop, I'm not pulling any crop out,"},{"startTime":550.645,"endTime":552.054,"body":"well, then you're not going hard enough."},{"startTime":552.595,"endTime":556.655,"body":"It is really scary when you're going"},{"startTime":552.595,"endTime":556.655,"body":"through the field and you look in the"},{"startTime":556.656,"endTime":559.415,"body":"mirrors and say, but I can't see the crop."},{"startTime":560.804,"endTime":564.755,"body":"And you start freaking out because,"},{"startTime":560.804,"endTime":564.755,"body":"you know, I just took everything out."},{"startTime":564.835,"endTime":567.554,"body":"I just killed the whole"},{"startTime":564.835,"endTime":567.554,"body":"field. But you didn't,"},{"startTime":569.335,"endTime":570.895,"body":"the plant is resilient enough,"},{"startTime":571.895,"endTime":575.304,"body":"and actually a little bit of stress"},{"startTime":577.275,"endTime":579.515,"body":"does better for the plant."},{"startTime":580.235,"endTime":582.595,"body":"Stan says, plants in humans,"},{"startTime":580.235,"endTime":582.595,"body":"were not so different."},{"startTime":582.975,"endTime":587.675,"body":"If you exercise, and"},{"startTime":582.975,"endTime":587.675,"body":"you stress your muscles,"},{"startTime":588.695,"endTime":592.315,"body":"you strengthen your bone density"},{"startTime":588.695,"endTime":592.315,"body":"and you strengthen your muscles."},{"startTime":594.495,"endTime":598.605,"body":"If you stress the plant a little bit,"},{"startTime":594.495,"endTime":598.605,"body":"you actually make that plant better,"},{"startTime":599.345,"endTime":603.325,"body":"as long as you're not killing the plant"},{"startTime":599.345,"endTime":603.325,"body":"or stressing it too much. So, yeah,"},{"startTime":603.325,"endTime":606.245,"body":"it's scary when you're"},{"startTime":603.325,"endTime":606.245,"body":"going through the field,"},{"startTime":607.205,"endTime":609.965,"body":"and you get out and you walk and you're"},{"startTime":607.205,"endTime":609.965,"body":"looking at all the crop on the ground"},{"startTime":610.105,"endTime":613.645,"body":"and, oh, I pulled that one out, I"},{"startTime":610.105,"endTime":613.645,"body":"pulled that one out. Oh man, you,"},{"startTime":614.565,"endTime":617.405,"body":"you're freaking out because you're"},{"startTime":614.565,"endTime":617.405,"body":"thinking, we're taking out too many."},{"startTime":617.625,"endTime":621.775,"body":"But if you don't take out some,"},{"startTime":617.625,"endTime":621.775,"body":"you're not taking out all the weed."},{"startTime":622.215,"endTime":625.765,"body":"It's better to take out"},{"startTime":622.215,"endTime":625.765,"body":"a few of the plants,"},{"startTime":627.845,"endTime":628.804,"body":"and all the weeds,"},{"startTime":630.405,"endTime":635.045,"body":"than it is to leave all the"},{"startTime":630.405,"endTime":635.045,"body":"crop and leave weeds too."},{"startTime":635.845,"endTime":640.325,"body":"Stan has found this approach of losing"},{"startTime":635.845,"endTime":640.325,"body":"a few plants to properly combat weeds"},{"startTime":640.515,"endTime":641.804,"body":"applies to other tools he uses."},{"startTime":641.835,"endTime":645.485,"body":"I'll give you another"},{"startTime":641.835,"endTime":645.485,"body":"example here. I also flame,"},{"startTime":646.205,"endTime":648.325,"body":"I use a flamer to take out weeds."},{"startTime":648.985,"endTime":653.725,"body":"So this past year was a"},{"startTime":648.985,"endTime":653.725,"body":"miserable year for weed"},{"startTime":653.726,"endTime":657.465,"body":"control, in that you planted the crop,"},{"startTime":658.385,"endTime":661.865,"body":"it's dry as can be, the crop"},{"startTime":658.385,"endTime":661.865,"body":"emerges out of the ground,"},{"startTime":662.645,"endTime":665.705,"body":"you're ready to go cultivate,"},{"startTime":662.645,"endTime":665.705,"body":"you're ready to go tine weed,"},{"startTime":666.045,"endTime":670.385,"body":"you're ready to go flame. But"},{"startTime":666.045,"endTime":670.385,"body":"we got rain, massive rain,"},{"startTime":671.925,"endTime":676.304,"body":"22 inches over a period of two months."},{"startTime":677.605,"endTime":681.105,"body":"So your time in the field"},{"startTime":677.605,"endTime":681.105,"body":"was extremely limited."},{"startTime":682.375,"endTime":686.635,"body":"I had two fields I never made it into"},{"startTime":682.375,"endTime":686.635,"body":"the field to do any weed control."},{"startTime":687.215,"endTime":690.525,"body":"Had another field that I made it in"},{"startTime":692.075,"endTime":695.705,"body":"to flame it, I tine weeded it afterwards,"},{"startTime":697.184,"endTime":702.085,"body":"and then four or five weeks of"},{"startTime":697.184,"endTime":702.085,"body":"absolutely no access to that field,"},{"startTime":702.085,"endTime":704.885,"body":"it was underwater. When"},{"startTime":702.085,"endTime":704.885,"body":"it did dry out enough,"},{"startTime":704.886,"endTime":707.925,"body":"now the corn's three and"},{"startTime":704.886,"endTime":707.925,"body":"a half, four foot tall,"},{"startTime":708.745,"endTime":712.245,"body":"and the weeds are three"},{"startTime":708.745,"endTime":712.245,"body":"and a half foot tall."},{"startTime":713.405,"endTime":717.205,"body":"And what do you do?"},{"startTime":713.405,"endTime":717.205,"body":"You can't cultivate it."},{"startTime":717.465,"endTime":719.285,"body":"So I took a chance with the flamer,"},{"startTime":721.095,"endTime":724.085,"body":"and I turned the burners straight down,"},{"startTime":724.875,"endTime":727.575,"body":"raised them off the ground about a foot,"},{"startTime":728.235,"endTime":730.495,"body":"and just crawled through"},{"startTime":728.235,"endTime":730.495,"body":"the field real slow."},{"startTime":731.215,"endTime":733.815,"body":"Normally you're going three"},{"startTime":731.215,"endTime":733.815,"body":"to four miles an hour,"},{"startTime":733.995,"endTime":737.934,"body":"you're using maybe a"},{"startTime":733.995,"endTime":737.934,"body":"gallon of propane per acre."},{"startTime":739.054,"endTime":741.495,"body":"I was using 17 gallons"},{"startTime":739.054,"endTime":741.495,"body":"of propane per acre."},{"startTime":742.425,"endTime":747.255,"body":"There was so much heat coming off"},{"startTime":742.425,"endTime":747.255,"body":"the flamer that the corn leaves"},{"startTime":747.345,"endTime":750.615,"body":"three, four foot up in the air"},{"startTime":747.345,"endTime":750.615,"body":"were just getting a little singed."},{"startTime":751.275,"endTime":752.535,"body":"But at the end of the day,"},{"startTime":753.845,"endTime":757.575,"body":"that field was as clean"},{"startTime":753.845,"endTime":757.575,"body":"as a bowling alley because"},{"startTime":758.545,"endTime":760.615,"body":"every weed was burned right to the ground."},{"startTime":761.115,"endTime":762.975,"body":"And not only was it burned"},{"startTime":761.115,"endTime":762.975,"body":"right to the ground,"},{"startTime":763.835,"endTime":765.495,"body":"it was singed a quarter inch down."},{"startTime":766.595,"endTime":769.335,"body":"So I didn't know how it was going"},{"startTime":766.595,"endTime":769.335,"body":"to come out. When I did this,"},{"startTime":769.495,"endTime":774.255,"body":"I had no clue if it was really going"},{"startTime":769.495,"endTime":774.255,"body":"to work. I had never done it before."},{"startTime":774.475,"endTime":778.135,"body":"And the people that I know have"},{"startTime":774.475,"endTime":778.135,"body":"flamers had never done this before."},{"startTime":779.434,"endTime":783.975,"body":"But I'm going to get nothing, if I don't"},{"startTime":779.434,"endTime":783.975,"body":"do something. So the flamer worked."},{"startTime":785.175,"endTime":786.215,"body":"I singed some of the corn."},{"startTime":787.054,"endTime":791.775,"body":"I probably cut a few bushels off the yield"},{"startTime":792.915,"endTime":795.735,"body":"of a crop in a good year."},{"startTime":797.315,"endTime":800.175,"body":"But had I let those weeds"},{"startTime":797.315,"endTime":800.175,"body":"go, I would've had nothing."},{"startTime":800.195,"endTime":804.135,"body":"And instead of coming up with nothing,"},{"startTime":800.195,"endTime":804.135,"body":"I got a decent yield for this year."},{"startTime":809.455,"endTime":812.975,"body":"Stan is constantly trying to improve"},{"startTime":809.455,"endTime":812.975,"body":"on his inputs and his practices."},{"startTime":813.845,"endTime":817.415,"body":"He's always looking for ways to learn"},{"startTime":813.845,"endTime":817.415,"body":"more about his fields and how to use his"},{"startTime":817.416,"endTime":818.615,"body":"tools more effectively."},{"startTime":818.855,"endTime":822.315,"body":"I do test plots every year."},{"startTime":818.855,"endTime":822.315,"body":"I try to do four, five,"},{"startTime":822.415,"endTime":824.835,"body":"six different seed companies a year."},{"startTime":826.355,"endTime":831.275,"body":"You're not required to do them, but I"},{"startTime":826.355,"endTime":831.275,"body":"want to see, okay, I'm planting corn,"},{"startTime":831.895,"endTime":836.465,"body":"I'm planting soybeans,"},{"startTime":831.895,"endTime":836.465,"body":"is the seed I'm using,"},{"startTime":836.575,"endTime":840.145,"body":"I've been using, is it the best"},{"startTime":836.575,"endTime":840.145,"body":"out there? So I do test blocks."},{"startTime":840.985,"endTime":843.625,"body":"I've had some companies"},{"startTime":840.985,"endTime":843.625,"body":"come to me and, oh,"},{"startTime":843.905,"endTime":846.304,"body":"I've got the best corn seed"},{"startTime":843.905,"endTime":846.304,"body":"in the world, you know,"},{"startTime":846.465,"endTime":850.035,"body":"you're going to just blow your"},{"startTime":846.465,"endTime":850.035,"body":"yields away. And I plant them,"},{"startTime":850.195,"endTime":852.635,"body":"and I've come back and, you know,"},{"startTime":850.195,"endTime":852.635,"body":"talk to the folks, do you want,"},{"startTime":852.735,"endTime":855.115,"body":"do you really wanna come out"},{"startTime":852.735,"endTime":855.115,"body":"here and look at how bad this is?"},{"startTime":857.725,"endTime":861.665,"body":"The only way you're going to find out"},{"startTime":857.725,"endTime":861.665,"body":"if a seed works for you, is to plant,"},{"startTime":861.945,"endTime":864.305,"body":"and one test isn't enough."},{"startTime":861.945,"endTime":864.305,"body":"You got to do multiple tests."},{"startTime":866.335,"endTime":868.175,"body":"And I tried to do multiple years, so."},{"startTime":870.245,"endTime":874.655,"body":"Organic farming is an adventure."},{"startTime":870.245,"endTime":874.655,"body":"It's not a finish line."},{"startTime":874.835,"endTime":877.975,"body":"We are constantly wanting to learn"},{"startTime":874.835,"endTime":877.975,"body":"more. And that's the beauty of it,"},{"startTime":877.976,"endTime":880.855,"body":"that's the joy of it."},{"startTime":877.976,"endTime":880.855,"body":"There will be mistakes."},{"startTime":880.885,"endTime":884.815,"body":"Sometimes you have to recover from them,"},{"startTime":880.885,"endTime":884.815,"body":"but sometimes they reveal a different,"},{"startTime":884.875,"endTime":887.095,"body":"and maybe more effective"},{"startTime":884.875,"endTime":887.095,"body":"way of doing things."},{"startTime":887.715,"endTime":890.935,"body":"Thanks for tuning into Season"},{"startTime":887.715,"endTime":890.935,"body":"three of The Dirt On Organic,"},{"startTime":891.845,"endTime":894.005,"body":"a podcast by the Organic"},{"startTime":891.845,"endTime":894.005,"body":"Agronomy Training Service."},{"startTime":895.035,"endTime":897.525,"body":"OATS provides training"},{"startTime":895.035,"endTime":897.525,"body":"to agronomists, advisors,"},{"startTime":897.526,"endTime":901.245,"body":"and crop consultants so that farmers"},{"startTime":897.526,"endTime":901.245,"body":"will have better access to reliable,"},{"startTime":901.515,"endTime":904.245,"body":"science-based advice for"},{"startTime":901.515,"endTime":904.245,"body":"their unique farm operation."},{"startTime":904.835,"endTime":908.925,"body":"Special thanks and this episode"},{"startTime":904.835,"endTime":908.925,"body":"goes to Stan Kloc of Kloc Farms."},{"startTime":909.075,"endTime":912.845,"body":"This episode was produced by Blue"},{"startTime":909.075,"endTime":912.845,"body":"Canoe Studios. For more information,"},{"startTime":912.985,"endTime":915.245,"body":"go to www.organicagronomy.org."},{"startTime":917.275,"endTime":921.085,"body":"OATS is a programmatically independent"},{"startTime":917.275,"endTime":921.085,"body":"consortium that is fiscally sponsored by"},{"startTime":921.086,"endTime":922.325,"body":"the Organic Trade Association."},{"startTime":923.035,"endTime":926.365,"body":"OATS is supported in part with"},{"startTime":923.035,"endTime":926.365,"body":"funding from OTA membership companies."},{"startTime":927.025,"endTime":931.805,"body":"Season three of the Dirt"},{"startTime":927.025,"endTime":931.805,"body":"on Organic Farming is made"},{"startTime":931.806,"endTime":936.365,"body":"Organic Center and FFAR the Foundation"},{"startTime":931.806,"endTime":936.365,"body":"for Food and Agriculture Research under"},{"startTime":936.765,"endTime":939.645,"body":"award number TOCFFAR-EXT-002."},{"startTime":943.305,"endTime":947.245,"body":"The content of this publication is"},{"startTime":943.305,"endTime":947.245,"body":"solely the responsibility of the authors."},{"startTime":947.545,"endTime":951.605,"body":"It does not necessarily"},{"startTime":947.545,"endTime":951.605,"body":"reflect the official views"},{"startTime":951.606,"endTime":955.325,"body":"Foundation for Food and Agriculture"},{"startTime":951.606,"endTime":955.325,"body":"Research. I'm Nate Powell Palm."},{"startTime":955.645,"endTime":957.765,"body":"Till next time, thanks for listening."}]}