{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":0.165,"endTime":0.998,"body":"Welcome"},{"startTime":12.905,"endTime":15.845,"body":"to The Dirt on Organic"},{"startTime":12.905,"endTime":15.845,"body":"Farming, a podcast from OATS,"},{"startTime":15.846,"endTime":18.925,"body":"the Organic Agronomy Training"},{"startTime":15.846,"endTime":18.925,"body":"Service. This season,"},{"startTime":19.305,"endTime":22.725,"body":"we are answering all those burning"},{"startTime":19.305,"endTime":22.725,"body":"questions we know you have about crop"},{"startTime":22.726,"endTime":25.405,"body":"insurance for organic farmers. Yes,"},{"startTime":25.625,"endTime":27.845,"body":"we know it's a podcast"},{"startTime":25.625,"endTime":27.845,"body":"about crop insurance,"},{"startTime":28.105,"endTime":32.045,"body":"but we're going to keep these episodes"},{"startTime":28.105,"endTime":32.045,"body":"short, lively, and accessible. Heck,"},{"startTime":32.305,"endTime":35.125,"body":"you might even enjoy listening."},{"startTime":32.305,"endTime":35.125,"body":"I'm Nate Powell Palm."},{"startTime":35.625,"endTime":36.925,"body":"And I'm Mallory Krieger."},{"startTime":37.305,"endTime":40.005,"body":"And we're the hosts of the"},{"startTime":37.305,"endTime":40.005,"body":"Dirt on Organic Farming."},{"startTime":42.505,"endTime":45.645,"body":"In this episode, what"},{"startTime":42.505,"endTime":45.645,"body":"is the dreaded T yield?"},{"startTime":51.825,"endTime":53.485,"body":"Now this is going to be"},{"startTime":51.825,"endTime":53.485,"body":"a pretty short episode."},{"startTime":53.815,"endTime":57.205,"body":"Later on we're going to talk"},{"startTime":53.815,"endTime":57.205,"body":"about crop insurance advocacy."},{"startTime":57.625,"endTime":60.565,"body":"And so to transition into that discussion,"},{"startTime":60.815,"endTime":64.845,"body":"we're going to address a topic that"},{"startTime":60.815,"endTime":64.845,"body":"came up a lot in these conversations,"},{"startTime":65.325,"endTime":68.285,"body":"a topic that crop insurance advocates"},{"startTime":65.325,"endTime":68.285,"body":"are working hard to address."},{"startTime":68.905,"endTime":72.325,"body":"We are talking about transitional"},{"startTime":68.905,"endTime":72.325,"body":"yields, otherwise known as T yields."},{"startTime":73.185,"endTime":73.555,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":73.555,"endTime":77.565,"body":"This is something that has come up in"},{"startTime":73.555,"endTime":77.565,"body":"pretty much every conversation with the"},{"startTime":77.566,"endTime":81.565,"body":"farmers that we have spoken to as a main"},{"startTime":77.566,"endTime":81.565,"body":"frustration when it comes to getting"},{"startTime":81.566,"endTime":83.805,"body":"crop insurance. Now,"},{"startTime":81.566,"endTime":83.805,"body":"Nate, I'd love to know,"},{"startTime":83.834,"endTime":86.165,"body":"have you had any personal"},{"startTime":83.834,"endTime":86.165,"body":"experience with T yields?"},{"startTime":87.105,"endTime":89.045,"body":"You know, Mallory, I may not look it,"},{"startTime":89.046,"endTime":93.005,"body":"but it has been a minute since I went"},{"startTime":89.046,"endTime":93.005,"body":"organic. That being said, you're spot on,"},{"startTime":93.005,"endTime":97.725,"body":"T yields are a point of conversation"},{"startTime":93.005,"endTime":97.725,"body":"and concern for farmers all"},{"startTime":97.726,"endTime":98.559,"body":"across the country."},{"startTime":99.025,"endTime":103.444,"body":"And so this time I thought we would"},{"startTime":99.025,"endTime":103.444,"body":"start off with hearing from farmer Brian"},{"startTime":103.444,"endTime":107.005,"body":"Carlson about his experience with T"},{"startTime":103.444,"endTime":107.005,"body":"yields, and what the issues were for him."},{"startTime":107.595,"endTime":110.085,"body":"Then we're going to bring back Amy Bruch,"},{"startTime":110.465,"endTime":114.845,"body":"who will explain a little bit more"},{"startTime":110.465,"endTime":114.845,"body":"about the difficulties with T yields for"},{"startTime":114.846,"endTime":115.679,"body":"organic farmers."},{"startTime":116.025,"endTime":120.205,"body":"I'm Brian Carlson. I'm from Central"},{"startTime":116.025,"endTime":120.205,"body":"Illinois. Live in the town of Leroy."},{"startTime":120.575,"endTime":123.885,"body":"We've been farming organically"},{"startTime":120.575,"endTime":123.885,"body":"for eight years now."},{"startTime":123.886,"endTime":125.645,"body":"We started in 2015."},{"startTime":126.495,"endTime":128.925,"body":"We're currently a parallel operation."},{"startTime":129.175,"endTime":133.885,"body":"We're almost half organic,"},{"startTime":129.175,"endTime":133.885,"body":"half conventional crops."},{"startTime":134.145,"endTime":138.285,"body":"So we handle both and"},{"startTime":134.145,"endTime":138.285,"body":"we're adding more organics,"},{"startTime":138.365,"endTime":141.645,"body":"we're not adding any more"},{"startTime":138.365,"endTime":141.645,"body":"conventional to our operations."},{"startTime":141.785,"endTime":144.965,"body":"So that's the direction"},{"startTime":141.785,"endTime":144.965,"body":"we're focusing on now."},{"startTime":145.775,"endTime":150.005,"body":"Brian has recently started farming"},{"startTime":145.775,"endTime":150.005,"body":"and he wanted to make sure he had crop"},{"startTime":150.006,"endTime":151.485,"body":"insurance from the get go."},{"startTime":151.945,"endTime":154.325,"body":"The crop insurance is"},{"startTime":151.945,"endTime":154.325,"body":"actually a big part of,"},{"startTime":154.794,"endTime":157.805,"body":"it's a big safety net for"},{"startTime":154.794,"endTime":157.805,"body":"our banker, is what it is."},{"startTime":157.995,"endTime":160.085,"body":"When I started farming in 2006,"},{"startTime":160.505,"endTime":164.965,"body":"it was a brand new startup operation."},{"startTime":160.505,"endTime":164.965,"body":"I mean, I didn't add into a family."},{"startTime":165.025,"endTime":167.405,"body":"We started from scratch."},{"startTime":167.585,"endTime":172.565,"body":"So we started from a heavily"},{"startTime":167.585,"endTime":172.565,"body":"leveraged one-to-one debt to"},{"startTime":172.845,"endTime":176.125,"body":"asset ratio, you know. And"},{"startTime":172.845,"endTime":176.125,"body":"for the bank's point of view,"},{"startTime":176.544,"endTime":179.925,"body":"the crop insurance is a"},{"startTime":176.544,"endTime":179.925,"body":"big key to what we do."},{"startTime":179.926,"endTime":183.044,"body":"Because they have to"},{"startTime":179.926,"endTime":183.044,"body":"take our, you know, our,"},{"startTime":183.045,"endTime":187.165,"body":"every year we do a balance"},{"startTime":183.045,"endTime":187.165,"body":"sheet and then a cash flow,"},{"startTime":187.165,"endTime":191.764,"body":"and crop insurance was a key for us to"},{"startTime":187.165,"endTime":191.764,"body":"get some of those beginning operating"},{"startTime":191.765,"endTime":193.565,"body":"notes that we needed. You know,"},{"startTime":193.566,"endTime":196.445,"body":"because they have to have a guarantee"},{"startTime":193.566,"endTime":196.445,"body":"that they're going to get their money"},{"startTime":196.446,"endTime":200.405,"body":"back. So it has been a big part of"},{"startTime":196.446,"endTime":200.405,"body":"our operation through the years."},{"startTime":201.514,"endTime":204.215,"body":"That's something that also came"},{"startTime":201.514,"endTime":204.215,"body":"up in the last episode with Brent."},{"startTime":204.544,"endTime":208.055,"body":"While crop insurance helps farmers"},{"startTime":204.544,"endTime":208.055,"body":"protect themselves from severe losses,"},{"startTime":208.315,"endTime":212.135,"body":"it can also be essential for getting"},{"startTime":208.315,"endTime":212.135,"body":"loans and being seen as trustworthy to"},{"startTime":212.136,"endTime":212.969,"body":"banks."},{"startTime":213.075,"endTime":213.935,"body":"You betcha."},{"startTime":214.115,"endTime":218.495,"body":"And so Brian was really adamant about"},{"startTime":214.115,"endTime":218.495,"body":"getting crop insurance right off the bat,"},{"startTime":219.035,"endTime":221.175,"body":"but then he was confronted with T yields."},{"startTime":222.285,"endTime":226.975,"body":"There's one complaint that I"},{"startTime":222.285,"endTime":226.975,"body":"have is the transition year."},{"startTime":227.475,"endTime":231.415,"body":"The transition year is"},{"startTime":227.475,"endTime":231.415,"body":"such a small window, it's"},{"startTime":232.315,"endTime":237.095,"body":"And they make you go from,"},{"startTime":232.315,"endTime":237.095,"body":"on our conventional side,"},{"startTime":237.096,"endTime":241.455,"body":"what was a pretty good average yield,"},{"startTime":237.096,"endTime":241.455,"body":"and then when you go to transition,"},{"startTime":241.475,"endTime":246.335,"body":"you're bumped right down to a T yield,"},{"startTime":241.475,"endTime":246.335,"body":"which is, it might be 20 bushels off."},{"startTime":246.915,"endTime":249.735,"body":"So you already know you're not going"},{"startTime":246.915,"endTime":249.735,"body":"to make as much as your transition,"},{"startTime":249.975,"endTime":251.215,"body":"you know, during your transition years,"},{"startTime":251.315,"endTime":255.975,"body":"but then they take away quite a bit"},{"startTime":251.315,"endTime":255.975,"body":"of your insurance guarantee because"},{"startTime":256.115,"endTime":258.455,"body":"you have to go to such a low yield. Well,"},{"startTime":258.575,"endTime":261.535,"body":"if they give you a T yield where you're"},{"startTime":258.575,"endTime":261.535,"body":"only in transition for two years,"},{"startTime":261.536,"endTime":263.935,"body":"you're never going to increase that yield."},{"startTime":264.714,"endTime":268.455,"body":"So I wish there was a way"},{"startTime":264.714,"endTime":268.455,"body":"that they could take your"},{"startTime":269.315,"endTime":272.735,"body":"normal operating yields and,"},{"startTime":269.315,"endTime":272.735,"body":"you know, maybe you can't,"},{"startTime":272.745,"endTime":274.935,"body":"maybe insured at a less"},{"startTime":272.745,"endTime":274.935,"body":"percentage. You know,"},{"startTime":274.975,"endTime":276.654,"body":"I know there's going"},{"startTime":274.975,"endTime":276.654,"body":"to be a less of a crop,"},{"startTime":276.755,"endTime":281.295,"body":"but our yields don't drop all"},{"startTime":276.755,"endTime":281.295,"body":"the way back to what a T yield"},{"startTime":281.536,"endTime":284.975,"body":"would be. We almost would never"},{"startTime":281.536,"endTime":284.975,"body":"collect on a transition year."},{"startTime":286.115,"endTime":289.055,"body":"We covered this much more extensively"},{"startTime":286.115,"endTime":289.055,"body":"in season one of the podcast,"},{"startTime":289.835,"endTime":292.935,"body":"but the transition period is"},{"startTime":289.835,"endTime":292.935,"body":"already so tough for farmers."},{"startTime":293.714,"endTime":297.815,"body":"To feel like you don't have that safety"},{"startTime":293.714,"endTime":297.815,"body":"net during that time because insurance"},{"startTime":298.175,"endTime":299.415,"body":"coverage is so low,"},{"startTime":299.925,"endTime":303.935,"body":"just adds to the obstacles farmers are"},{"startTime":299.925,"endTime":303.935,"body":"facing in transitioning to organics."},{"startTime":305.125,"endTime":307.285,"body":"Absolutely. So I spoke with Amy Bruch,"},{"startTime":307.535,"endTime":309.964,"body":"we've heard from her in"},{"startTime":307.535,"endTime":309.964,"body":"a few other episodes,"},{"startTime":309.985,"endTime":313.165,"body":"and she continues to be a wealth"},{"startTime":309.985,"endTime":313.165,"body":"of knowledge. Now, just a reminder,"},{"startTime":313.225,"endTime":315.165,"body":"she and her husband own Cyclone Farms,"},{"startTime":315.485,"endTime":317.205,"body":"a large scale organic farm in the Midwest."},{"startTime":317.775,"endTime":321.245,"body":"She's also worked to establish sustainable"},{"startTime":317.775,"endTime":321.245,"body":"farming operations around the world."},{"startTime":321.745,"endTime":323.404,"body":"Is a member, alongside me,"},{"startTime":323.405,"endTime":327.085,"body":"of the National Organic Standards"},{"startTime":323.405,"endTime":327.085,"body":"Board and is generally just a wealth of"},{"startTime":327.086,"endTime":329.685,"body":"information on all things"},{"startTime":327.086,"endTime":329.685,"body":"organic agriculture."},{"startTime":329.985,"endTime":334.285,"body":"So I asked Amy why she thinks T yields"},{"startTime":329.985,"endTime":334.285,"body":"are so darn difficult for farmers."},{"startTime":334.675,"endTime":339.205,"body":"When you first enter into"},{"startTime":334.675,"endTime":339.205,"body":"transition or organic,"},{"startTime":339.305,"endTime":340.565,"body":"and you've been a conventional farmer,"},{"startTime":340.745,"endTime":345.125,"body":"you throw your production history out the"},{"startTime":340.745,"endTime":345.125,"body":"window, and you start from square one."},{"startTime":345.785,"endTime":346.685,"body":"And, you know,"},{"startTime":346.765,"endTime":351.685,"body":"I sympathize with how T"},{"startTime":346.765,"endTime":351.685,"body":"yields for transition are"},{"startTime":351.686,"endTime":354.645,"body":"there's just not enough of us out"},{"startTime":351.686,"endTime":354.645,"body":"there. So the data is pretty limiting."},{"startTime":355.185,"endTime":360.165,"body":"So when we do enter in, you know, we're"},{"startTime":355.185,"endTime":360.165,"body":"given the best data that's available."},{"startTime":360.235,"endTime":361.068,"body":"However,"},{"startTime":361.395,"endTime":365.885,"body":"generally because of the diversity of"},{"startTime":361.395,"endTime":365.885,"body":"how we all farm as organic producers,"},{"startTime":366.225,"endTime":369.445,"body":"it usually doesn't match"},{"startTime":366.225,"endTime":369.445,"body":"identically what our ability,"},{"startTime":369.515,"endTime":372.365,"body":"what our capabilities are. So, you know,"},{"startTime":373.005,"endTime":376.525,"body":"these T yields, you're given 10 numbers,"},{"startTime":377.145,"endTime":379.845,"body":"and just over time you"},{"startTime":377.145,"endTime":379.845,"body":"have to offset them."},{"startTime":380.505,"endTime":384.005,"body":"If you have a new farm"},{"startTime":380.505,"endTime":384.005,"body":"that you get in the area,"},{"startTime":384.695,"endTime":388.885,"body":"let's say two years later, and you"},{"startTime":384.695,"endTime":388.885,"body":"want to transition that to organic,"},{"startTime":388.985,"endTime":391.485,"body":"you're actually given, if you"},{"startTime":388.985,"endTime":391.485,"body":"have a little bit of history,"},{"startTime":391.995,"endTime":396.445,"body":"that history then goes to your new farm,"},{"startTime":391.995,"endTime":396.445,"body":"and you can have a stepped up approach."},{"startTime":397.025,"endTime":398.925,"body":"So they are making, that's a new change,"},{"startTime":399.085,"endTime":401.885,"body":"I believe a relatively new"},{"startTime":399.085,"endTime":401.885,"body":"change over the last few years."},{"startTime":402.185,"endTime":406.964,"body":"So at least you don't have to start"},{"startTime":402.185,"endTime":406.964,"body":"the clock at zero for every new field"},{"startTime":406.965,"endTime":410.125,"body":"that you bring on into"},{"startTime":406.965,"endTime":410.125,"body":"transition organic. However,"},{"startTime":410.585,"endTime":415.485,"body":"the first farm you do it's a"},{"startTime":410.585,"endTime":415.485,"body":"challenge because, you know,"},{"startTime":415.486,"endTime":417.165,"body":"with our robust crop rotations,"},{"startTime":417.425,"endTime":420.125,"body":"the next time you might plant"},{"startTime":417.425,"endTime":420.125,"body":"that same crop to get another"},{"startTime":421.975,"endTime":425.404,"body":"yield to replace the T"},{"startTime":421.975,"endTime":425.404,"body":"yields that you're given,"},{"startTime":426.206,"endTime":427.685,"body":"could be three or four years maybe,"},{"startTime":427.714,"endTime":430.885,"body":"depending on how many crops"},{"startTime":427.714,"endTime":430.885,"body":"that you're rotating through,"},{"startTime":431.325,"endTime":432.325,"body":"and what your goals are."},{"startTime":433.145,"endTime":435.165,"body":"It is really tough for"},{"startTime":433.145,"endTime":435.165,"body":"new farmers like Brian,"},{"startTime":435.166,"endTime":437.005,"body":"because they have no history to work with,"},{"startTime":437.185,"endTime":439.565,"body":"and have no choice but to"},{"startTime":437.185,"endTime":439.565,"body":"use T yields for insurance."},{"startTime":440.425,"endTime":444.435,"body":"Yeah, and Amy pointed out, now"},{"startTime":440.425,"endTime":444.435,"body":"wait for this, that in many cases,"},{"startTime":444.755,"endTime":448.755,"body":"transitional coverage may even be"},{"startTime":444.755,"endTime":448.755,"body":"lower than conventional coverage."},{"startTime":449.255,"endTime":451.835,"body":"And then it's challenging when"},{"startTime":449.255,"endTime":451.835,"body":"you look at the coverage level,"},{"startTime":451.836,"endTime":454.995,"body":"if I pull up my county"},{"startTime":451.836,"endTime":454.995,"body":"in York County, Nebraska,"},{"startTime":455.455,"endTime":458.235,"body":"and look at conventional"},{"startTime":455.455,"endTime":458.235,"body":"coverage, you know,"},{"startTime":458.236,"endTime":462.195,"body":"and then look at the transition coverage"},{"startTime":458.236,"endTime":462.195,"body":"I can get, you know, it, you get less."},{"startTime":462.305,"endTime":467.035,"body":"There's just less coverage"},{"startTime":462.305,"endTime":467.035,"body":"for a transition producer"},{"startTime":467.036,"endTime":471.555,"body":"that conventional counterpart. And there"},{"startTime":467.036,"endTime":471.555,"body":"could be a contract price addendum,"},{"startTime":471.556,"endTime":475.955,"body":"but we all know it's very challenging"},{"startTime":471.556,"endTime":475.955,"body":"to find meaningful transition contracts"},{"startTime":475.956,"endTime":479.515,"body":"that are going to make up that gap"},{"startTime":475.956,"endTime":479.515,"body":"difference. So right now, you know, it's,"},{"startTime":479.516,"endTime":483.995,"body":"it's about a $300 difference"},{"startTime":479.516,"endTime":483.995,"body":"for a coverage for a"},{"startTime":483.996,"endTime":485.755,"body":"transition producer in corn."},{"startTime":486.745,"endTime":490.675,"body":"Okay. So this could definitely discourage"},{"startTime":486.745,"endTime":490.675,"body":"a new farmer who wants to be organic,"},{"startTime":490.775,"endTime":493.035,"body":"but is looking at the"},{"startTime":490.775,"endTime":493.035,"body":"coverage he or she will get,"},{"startTime":493.295,"endTime":497.355,"body":"and feeling nervous about the"},{"startTime":493.295,"endTime":497.355,"body":"risks to their operation. I wonder,"},{"startTime":497.465,"endTime":499.035,"body":"with all of Amy's experience,"},{"startTime":499.215,"endTime":501.995,"body":"did she have any thoughts about"},{"startTime":499.215,"endTime":501.995,"body":"how T yields could be improved?"},{"startTime":503.055,"endTime":504.275,"body":"Oh, she certainly did."},{"startTime":505.195,"endTime":509.045,"body":"I've thought, how can we do this"},{"startTime":505.195,"endTime":509.045,"body":"differently? How can we do this better?"},{"startTime":509.865,"endTime":512.405,"body":"An idea that maybe I've thought of is,"},{"startTime":512.655,"endTime":517.645,"body":"could we take at least the T yields that"},{"startTime":512.655,"endTime":517.645,"body":"we're given during transition instead"},{"startTime":517.646,"endTime":521.365,"body":"of resetting the clock when we're"},{"startTime":517.646,"endTime":521.365,"body":"organic, at least build upon those."},{"startTime":521.815,"endTime":522.885,"body":"Maybe we don't always have"},{"startTime":524.865,"endTime":529.405,"body":"the best moments for our production"},{"startTime":524.865,"endTime":529.405,"body":"capacity during transition because we're,"},{"startTime":529.406,"endTime":532.445,"body":"there's a lot to learn while"},{"startTime":529.406,"endTime":532.445,"body":"we're organic producers. However,"},{"startTime":532.585,"endTime":537.295,"body":"in my case still some of the"},{"startTime":532.585,"endTime":537.295,"body":"learning lessons I still out"},{"startTime":537.296,"endTime":539.335,"body":"yielded those T yields that I was given."},{"startTime":539.434,"endTime":542.895,"body":"So even the learning lessons still"},{"startTime":539.434,"endTime":542.895,"body":"brought me at a little bit of a higher"},{"startTime":542.925,"endTime":546.495,"body":"average than, than kind of"},{"startTime":542.925,"endTime":546.495,"body":"the initial set I was given."},{"startTime":546.595,"endTime":547.934,"body":"So it does take time."},{"startTime":548.395,"endTime":552.054,"body":"There's some strategies to be able"},{"startTime":548.395,"endTime":552.054,"body":"to build these faster if you wanna"},{"startTime":552.055,"endTime":556.015,"body":"simultaneously crop on"},{"startTime":552.055,"endTime":556.015,"body":"one field. You know,"},{"startTime":556.016,"endTime":558.415,"body":"if you have a quarter section, 160 acres,"},{"startTime":558.475,"endTime":562.615,"body":"and you wanna divert a certain percentage"},{"startTime":558.475,"endTime":562.615,"body":"to one crop and a certain percentage"},{"startTime":562.616,"endTime":565.975,"body":"of another, you can accelerate the"},{"startTime":562.616,"endTime":565.975,"body":"process of building your T yields."},{"startTime":566.635,"endTime":567.296,"body":"And that's kind of,"},{"startTime":567.296,"endTime":570.495,"body":"that's fine and dandy if you have"},{"startTime":567.296,"endTime":570.495,"body":"the bandwidth to be able to do that."},{"startTime":570.635,"endTime":575.295,"body":"But sometimes I've tried that,"},{"startTime":570.635,"endTime":575.295,"body":"it's usually challenging."},{"startTime":575.656,"endTime":579.175,"body":"The crops require different timings"},{"startTime":575.656,"endTime":579.175,"body":"for your week management programs."},{"startTime":579.175,"endTime":582.615,"body":"So you know, you just can't"},{"startTime":579.175,"endTime":582.615,"body":"take the eye off the ball,"},{"startTime":582.675,"endTime":586.375,"body":"and it just makes the organic"},{"startTime":582.675,"endTime":586.375,"body":"system a little bit more complex."},{"startTime":586.375,"endTime":590.575,"body":"But it's definitely a doable"},{"startTime":586.375,"endTime":590.575,"body":"process if you want to try to"},{"startTime":590.576,"endTime":592.015,"body":"accelerate, you know,"},{"startTime":592.016,"endTime":595.135,"body":"replacement of the T yields to"},{"startTime":592.016,"endTime":595.135,"body":"your actual production history."},{"startTime":595.835,"endTime":597.655,"body":"So now we have our background on T yields,"},{"startTime":598.235,"endTime":602.775,"body":"and next episode we're going to explore"},{"startTime":598.235,"endTime":602.775,"body":"how farmers and organizations are"},{"startTime":602.825,"endTime":604.775,"body":"advocating for changes to T yields,"},{"startTime":604.915,"endTime":609.455,"body":"as well as other aspects of crop insurance"},{"startTime":604.915,"endTime":609.455,"body":"to make it more accessible and useful"},{"startTime":609.554,"endTime":610.387,"body":"to organic farmers."},{"startTime":618.445,"endTime":620.375,"body":"This has been the dirt on Organic Farming,"},{"startTime":620.695,"endTime":622.934,"body":"a podcast by the Organic"},{"startTime":620.695,"endTime":622.934,"body":"Agronomy Training Service."},{"startTime":623.565,"endTime":625.895,"body":"OATS provides training"},{"startTime":623.565,"endTime":625.895,"body":"to agronomists, advisors,"},{"startTime":625.896,"endTime":629.415,"body":"and crop consultants so that farmers"},{"startTime":625.896,"endTime":629.415,"body":"will have better access to reliable"},{"startTime":629.565,"endTime":632.335,"body":"science-based advice for"},{"startTime":629.565,"endTime":632.335,"body":"their unique farm operation."},{"startTime":632.445,"endTime":636.375,"body":"Special thanks in this episode goes"},{"startTime":632.445,"endTime":636.375,"body":"to Brian Carlson and Amy Bruch."},{"startTime":636.605,"endTime":640.255,"body":"This episode was produced by"},{"startTime":636.605,"endTime":640.255,"body":"Michaela Elias. For more information,"},{"startTime":640.315,"endTime":642.415,"body":"go to www.organicagronomy.org."},{"startTime":644.525,"endTime":648.535,"body":"OATS is a programmatically independent"},{"startTime":644.525,"endTime":648.535,"body":"consortium that is fiscally sponsored by"},{"startTime":648.536,"endTime":649.975,"body":"the Organic Trade Association."},{"startTime":650.605,"endTime":654.215,"body":"OATS is supported in part with funding"},{"startTime":650.605,"endTime":654.215,"body":"from OTAs membership companies."},{"startTime":654.755,"endTime":658.375,"body":"Season two of the Dirt on Organic"},{"startTime":654.755,"endTime":658.375,"body":"Farming is made possible by a funding"},{"startTime":658.376,"endTime":663.175,"body":"partnership with USDA Risk Management"},{"startTime":658.376,"endTime":663.175,"body":"Agency under award number RMA22CPT0012393."},{"startTime":667.595,"endTime":668.575,"body":"I'm Mallory Krieger."},{"startTime":668.635,"endTime":669.815,"body":"And I'm Nate Powell Palm."},{"startTime":670.535,"endTime":672.015,"body":"Till next time, thanks for listening."}]}