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#14 Why is thermal balancing important in DHW systems?

Caleffi North America, Inc. Episode 14

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Thermal balancing in Domestic Hot Water systems.  Why is it necessary?  (hint:  water moves into the path of least resistance)  What's the difference between manual and automatic balancing valves?  Where are the valves installed?  How are these special valves maintained?  (ahem.... water quality is key!) 


Greg and Dan are back to answer these questions and discuss a real-time problem solver in this Episode of the Ask Caleffi podcast series.

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00:00

here we go

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[Music]

00:06

welcome to ask Caleffi the podcast that

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dives into real life problems that

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plumbing and hvac technicians face in

00:13

the field

00:14

we're your hosts from the caleffi tech

00:16

support team i'm greg tubbs

00:18

and i'm dan firkus welcome we look

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forward to sharing some stories from our

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tech

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calls and using our background and

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expertise to make your days a little

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easier

00:31

hey there welcome back here we are on

00:33

episode 14.

00:34

today we're going to talk thermal

00:36

balancing in domestic hot water systems

00:38

how are we doing dan we're doing good

00:40

thanks for coming back everybody

00:41

yeah thanks for tuning in so

00:44

why would we use a thermal balancing

00:46

valve in a domestic hot water system

00:48

well you know that's exactly what

00:49

they're designed for greg you know being

00:51

thermostatic they're thermostatically

00:54

adjusted so they provide

00:56

automatic balancing of your research

00:58

circuits

00:59

absolutely kind of takes a little bit of

01:01

the math out of it it certainly does

01:03

uh takes a few things out of it

01:06

less labor involved that really at the

01:08

end of the day

01:09

you're not hooking up a meter to it to

01:12

test

01:13

your pressure differential across it

01:15

right it's it's there just to

01:17

keep that loop off yeah absolutely so

01:20

when you think about installing them

01:21

you know typically you're going to stall

01:23

them at the end or bottom of your riser

01:25

so that it's controlling that riser

01:28

temperature based on

01:30

at the end points knowing that all of

01:32

the water in that riser is going to be

01:34

up to temperature before it starts to

01:36

modulate down

01:37

exactly it confirms 100 percent that

01:39

that that

01:40

particular riser has hit its temperature

01:43

whatever it might be so if you set this

01:45

valve at 120

01:46

guess what that whole riser is hit 120

01:49

degrees by the time it goes back to the

01:51

end of the return to dump back into the

01:52

main return

01:53

right yeah and you know you talk about

01:56

you know the whole

01:56

preface of balancing is that water is

01:58

lazy right so it's going to take the

02:00

path of least resistance

02:01

so with the thermostatic balancing you

02:04

know the advantage here

02:05

is that you know those risers that warm

02:08

up quicker

02:09

they're going to be allowed to warm up

02:10

once they come up to their design

02:12

temperature that valve is going to

02:13

modulate down which is going to create

02:15

restriction and force that water in

02:16

other directions

02:18

exactly and that's what you need to do

02:19

is then far the

02:21

there's more resistance to get there so

02:24

as soon as those

02:25

closer risers to the mechanical room

02:27

heat up

02:28

this guy will close them off and allow

02:31

that water to push off

02:32

right you know rob and peter to pay paul

02:34

but in a good way in a good way

02:36

right you know and they never close off

02:37

completely no they're always going to

02:39

allow a little bit of flow through them

02:40

so it's always sampling the water

02:42

temperature

02:43

um so that that riser stays at temp and

02:46

then we'll open up as it needs to

02:49

absolutely you know another advantage

02:51

too and what i like about these is

02:53

you know think about a balancing valve

02:55

so you install it and either

02:56

you one you know the flow rate so you're

02:58

ordering the

02:59

flow you're ordering the balancing valve

03:02

preset for that flow rate right

03:04

or you're putting in a manual balancing

03:05

valve which means you're coming back

03:07

with a manometer or

03:08

pressure differential tool checking it

03:10

comparing it to your flow chart and

03:12

balancing it

03:13

you know or we have our quick setter

03:14

which makes it a little easier

03:16

with the thermal setter based on

03:18

temperature you can preset your

03:20

temperatures on the ground

03:22

install it and walk away and it's set

03:24

absolutely and

03:25

it works great for trouble jobs existing

03:28

jobs where maybe there isn't any

03:29

balancing

03:30

you know i don't know how many hotel

03:32

calls i've taken or

03:33

maybe you have two apartment buildings

03:36

um there's a few for instance that come

03:39

to mind

03:40

but yeah you know what we don't get any

03:43

flow to this end of the building

03:44

it's always cold the legs are dead

03:48

whatever the case may be this valve is a

03:51

problem solver for that kind of

03:53

sickness yeah it sure is you know and

03:54

especially when you when you talk about

03:56

those problem jobs you ask them well

03:58

what are you doing for balancing

04:00

and a lot of them they don't know or

04:01

they're doing nothing you hear crickets

04:03

yeah balancing what's that right or or

04:06

they have balancing valves in

04:08

but none of them are adjusted they don't

04:10

know if they've been adjusted or

04:11

balanced and

04:12

odds are they probably aren't yeah and

04:14

if they're the manual type with pt ports

04:17

let's be honest i mean you and me as as

04:19

techs in the field we didn't really have

04:20

that kind of equipment with us

04:22

no no we didn't and then when you look

04:24

at as well

04:25

you don't know what you need through

04:26

that you don't know how long of a

04:28

circuit it is

04:29

you know how are you going to balance

04:31

that based on a flow rate

04:33

you don't know what's behind the drywall

04:35

you don't you have no clue how many

04:37

elbows are back there you know so that's

04:38

where you're right thermal setter is a

04:40

problem solver you're going to put it in

04:41

and

04:42

once the temperature of that loop comes

04:44

up to your

04:45

set temperature it's going to modulate

04:47

down and the water is going to go to the

04:48

next and

04:51

you really don't need to to know a whole

04:54

lot more about it

04:55

right these things will help save energy

04:58

you know

04:58

you're looking at especially if you're

05:00

running it on a variable speed pump

05:02

as these things start to close off that

05:04

pump can now

05:06

drop down in speed and consume less

05:08

electricity

05:09

right you know you look at all the

05:11

municipalities out there that they you

05:13

know they talk about aqua stats in place

05:15

because they want to control the pump

05:18

you know based on the temperature of the

05:19

loop so

05:20

you know the aquasat is there to provide

05:22

energy savings upgrading to a variable

05:25

drive pump

05:26

you know usually a delta p pump works

05:28

the best

05:29

putting in balancing valves and then you

05:31

get that

05:32

energy savings without without an

05:34

aquastack because face it

05:35

i mean you and i know when you start

05:37

looking and talking in a whole different

05:38

direction but

05:40

you start looking at mixing valves a lot

05:41

of the time you're using your

05:43

research pump to make up minimum flow

05:45

rates so you're not going to do that if

05:47

you're shutting that pump off with an

05:48

aquastate no you're certainly not and

05:50

then

05:50

you know they have to run more water out

05:52

to get

05:53

the heat there to get everything to work

05:55

properly right it's kind of

05:57

uh kind of brutal it is you know the one

06:00

thing too is you know we talk a lot

06:02

about thermal disinfection today

06:04

you know and thermal disinfection you're

06:06

elevating

06:07

your temperature in your system to

06:10

kill legionella uh if we're using

06:12

thermal setters are we still gonna be

06:13

able to do that

06:14

we certainly can we have a couple other

06:17

models available aside from the basic

06:19

ones

06:20

that you can either add the bypass

06:23

cartridge the thermal

06:24

bypass cartridge or you can

06:27

use a 24 volt actuator

06:30

that threads right on to drive that

06:34

bypass right that bypass cartridge

06:37

so and that can be tied into a building

06:39

management system

06:41

and and be completely monitored right so

06:44

we can so so you're saying we can

06:47

provide thermal disinfection by manual

06:49

or by automatically opening the bypass

06:51

cartridge with a thermoelectric

06:53

actuator or with a thermal bypass

06:56

cartridge exactly

06:57

thermostatically yeah one one thing too

07:00

is if you don't know if the building's

07:03

going

07:03

to do thermal disinfection or if they

07:05

are going to come back later and

07:07

possibly add it

07:08

we sell it with the bypass port just

07:11

capped

07:12

so it's there you can add either the

07:14

actuator

07:15

or the thermal bypass cartridge later

07:18

so you don't have to make a decision

07:20

right away you can come back later and

07:21

add that

07:22

absolutely yeah that's our one one six

07:25

one so that was

07:26

that's like the basic model with the

07:29

ability

07:30

to add either a essentially

07:33

a cartridge that's similar to what

07:35

you'll find in our manifolds

07:37

it's just a pin type cartridge that

07:39

pushes up and down

07:40

that opens and closes with the thermal

07:42

actuator you know that would be in our

07:45

1163 series right or

07:49

you can get it get a cartridge a bypass

07:53

cartridge that's

07:54

similar to what's in our it is what's in

07:57

our one one six two one one one six

07:59

six series to where thermostatically

08:03

it will go into bypass mode and allow

08:06

that valve to work for thermal

08:08

disinfection yeah once it sees that

08:09

elevate

08:10

elevated temperature it pops open and

08:12

and bypasses

08:13

right you know we have a couple of

08:15

different temperatures available 140 or

08:17

160 degrees for that bypass

08:20

absolutely you know you can get them

08:22

with check valves

08:23

or without and you can also get them

08:25

with or without a temperature gauge

08:27

right you know but you guys you think of

08:30

those jobs that are real price sensitive

08:32

we do have a down and dirty option

08:34

or one one six four which is going to be

08:37

just the thermostatic bi or thermostatic

08:40

balancing valve it's not going to have

08:41

any bypass cartridge or the ability to

08:43

add it later

08:45

but boy when you're talking that

08:47

price-sensitive project where you know

08:49

thermal disinfection isn't going to be

08:51

a key or isn't going to come back and

08:53

play a role later that's a that's a nice

08:55

solution yeah it's the down and dirty

08:56

thermal setter

08:57

it's very basic like you said

09:01

how about maintenance of these things

09:03

water

09:04

quality always plays a role right

09:06

absolutely we get that question all the

09:08

time well how long it's going to last

09:10

well when how often do i have to do

09:12

maintenance yeah how hard is your water

09:14

how often are they being used right you

09:16

know hotter water i mean obviously

09:18

you're going to experience

09:20

if it's hard water and it's being kept

09:22

really hot you're gonna

09:24

probably see a shorter life on anything

09:26

right yeah or more maintenance

09:27

requirement because you're gonna get

09:28

that

09:29

get calcium to precipitate out of the

09:31

water right

09:32

and it'll build up on the walls of

09:33

everything right but no they're easy i

09:36

mean as far as maintenance goes you can

09:39

jump in and you can pull the the

09:42

thermal cartridge out and clean it out

09:45

yeah put it back in or replace it we

09:47

have replacement cartridges available so

09:49

you know that's really nice because if

09:50

you're out on a project and

09:52

they've been in a long time and you know

09:54

you want to pull them out and clean them

09:56

or you find you need to replace them

09:57

maybe something's not working right you

09:59

don't have to cut the valve out and redo

10:01

your piping and

10:02

and and install an entirely new valve

10:05

you can just replace that thermostatic

10:06

cartridge

10:08

yeah and same goes with the bypass

10:10

cartridges

10:11

they're there they're replaceable if you

10:13

can't get them cleaned

10:14

properly or you look at it and say you

10:16

know it's just going to be easier

10:18

to replace it we have the 140 and 160

10:22

degree

10:22

bypass cartridges available as

10:24

replacement parts we sure do

10:27

and we also offer insulation shells too

10:31

yeah yeah we have an insulation shell

10:32

makes insulating them very easy you know

10:34

most of your domestic

10:36

water research lines you're going to

10:37

want to insulate them to prevent losses

10:39

you know for energy efficiency so we

10:41

have a nice insulation shell that'll

10:43

snap around it'll still allow you to

10:45

read the temperature gauge

10:47

or make an adjustment yeah well what

10:50

else can we cover with this

10:52

well you know i think we hit on a lot i

10:55

think back to a call i received

10:57

one time on a home yeah and um it was a

10:59

large home it was out in california and

11:01

the contractor was in there and

11:03

the the home had you know kind of like

11:06

two wings to it so it had a recirc line

11:08

coming back from each direction and he

11:10

had a variable speed pump and he had a

11:12

mixing valve

11:13

and he was having issues with one side

11:15

of the home

11:16

you know with with balancing and with

11:19

mixing valve performing and

11:21

i remember talking with him he did have

11:23

a variable speed pump

11:24

okay and but he had no balancing so he

11:27

had that

11:28

that recirc line came out in three

11:29

quarter it teed to half

11:31

inch went to each section of the home

11:33

but he had no way to know if it was

11:35

balanced so

11:36

i know he went came back and he put the

11:37

thermal setter in one on each one of

11:39

those half inch lines

11:41

set them up worked perfectly took care

11:43

of his problems

11:44

that's awesome and i think memory serves

11:47

correct a couple years back

11:49

right when this product kind of came to

11:51

market for us

11:52

we had a job out in colorado

11:55

yeah i remember hearing about that yeah

11:57

that was a it was a large

12:00

housing complex a rather tall building

12:02

if memory serves correct

12:04

and they were an apartment building

12:06

wasn't it it was an apartment building

12:08

and they had a lot of problems with dead

12:10

legs in that building

12:12

and i think legionella might have been

12:14

part of an issue too

12:16

somewhere along the way i think they had

12:17

yeah issues with

12:20

yeah i mean i remember hearing stories

12:21

about tenants there that would turn the

12:23

water on

12:24

make breakfast eat their breakfast and

12:27

then finally get back to the shower and

12:29

it still wasn't quite warm yet

12:30

wow yeah that's that's pretty and they

12:33

had research lines

12:34

yeah they had research but they had a

12:36

lot of it just wasn't balanced

12:38

no it wasn't balanced so you're trying

12:39

to push all that

12:41

many feet of head to overcome that

12:43

resistance to get up there

12:44

and it just it's not happening and if

12:48

people on the lower levels are taking

12:49

showers they're getting everything right

12:51

off the bat

12:52

yeah if i remember right they came back

12:54

and they retrofitted the building with

12:55

the thermal center thermal balancing

12:57

valves and it corrected all the issues

12:59

it certainly did it was kind of a win

13:01

for us early on

13:03

yeah a win for us win for the contractor

13:05

win for the building owner because

13:07

i remember hearing at one point the

13:10

department of health was called in yeah

13:12

because they weren't getting

13:14

hot water to where they needed it right

13:16

right so

13:17

a huge win for that building owner

13:19

absolutely

13:21

well i think we covered this pretty well

13:24

so

13:24

next week i think we're going to talk on

13:26

the legio mix

13:27

yeah that makes sense you know we get a

13:29

ton of questions about that product and

13:31

it works really well with

13:33

the thermal setter yeah it sure does as

13:35

far as the balancing aspect the thermal

13:37

setter is a great match with the legio

13:38

mix

13:39

all right well tune in next week thank

13:42

you for tuning in

13:43

if you ever need help please feel free

13:45

to contact our tech support team

13:47

anytime at techsupport.us

13:51

caleffi.com or call us during our

13:54

business hours

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at 7 30 a.m to 4 30 p.m

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