Weeds AR Wild Series, S2 Ep5. In this week’s episode, Dr. Tommy Butts is joined by Dr. Jarrod Hardke, Rice Extension Agronomist, to discuss 2022 rice weed control recommendations.
Weeds AR Wild Series, S2 Ep5. In this week’s episode, Dr. Tommy Butts is joined by Dr. Jarrod Hardke, Rice Extension Agronomist, to discuss 2022 rice weed control recommendations.
Weeds AR Wild Series, Season 2 Episode 5.
Title: Rice Weed Control: Traits, Residuals, and Programs
Date: March 16, 2022
[Music]: Arkansas Row Crops Radio providing up to date information and timely recommendations on row crop production in Arkansas.
Tommy Butts: Welcome to the Weeds AR Wild podcast series as a part of Arkansas Row Crops Radio. My name is Tommy Butts, Extension Weed Scientist with the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. And today, I'm joined with Dr. Jarrod Hardke, Rice Extension Agronomist with the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. And we're going to be discussing basically our 2022 rice weed control recommendations. So, Jarrod, do you want to say hi to everybody?
Jarrod Hardke: Greetings and salutations.
Tommy: So we've got a few different topics we want to hit on. And we're going to mainly focus on, you know, some early season residual programs and things like that. But one of the first things we wanted to hit on was discussing herbicide traits in Rice for this upcoming year. So, we've had some additions to the herbicide traits on the market and some very specific label language that needs to be followed as far as herbicides that can be sprayed on specific traits and things like that. So, we just wanted to kind of reemphasize and hit on that topic. So first and foremost, one that we've had for several years now is Clearfield rice versus FullPage rice. They're both ALS inhibitor resistant or the IMI tolerance. Clearfield is where we can spray our Newpath and Beyond products. And I'm sure most people are familiar with Clearfield that's been out for a couple of decades almost now. FullPage was recently released within the past five years or so here, maybe three years even. And FullPage is RiceTec hybrids in has the same resistance to the ALS herbicides but it does have a higher resistance or tolerance than what the Clearfield hybrids used to have. And so we rarely, or if ever, have seen any injury on FullPage hybrids from from application to those ALS herbicides. But it does require a specific herbicide label language. And so basically for FullPage rice, the only things that we can spray are Preface and Postscript for the ALS herbicides. So Clearfield is Newpath and beyond. FullPage is Preface and Postscript. So very specific language there, but it's basically the same system. So as far as weed control goes, there's no different spectrum of weeds we pick up. If you have resistance to the ALS herbicides, you have resistance in both systems. One does not improve over the other in those aspects. When we look at the other herbicide treatment.
Jarrod: But before we move on to that, the one thing I want to kind of throw out there is a reminder when we're talking about labels and stuff like that - is that twist on the FullPage that now compared to when we had Clearfield hybrids. Now that we've got FullPage hybrids, we can now put out Postscript on those all the way out to 14 days after green ring, where we used to not be able to do that. And then there's the Postscript only option, where previously you were required to put out Preface first. Now you can go with a Postscript only you know, as far as that. So again, a few changes going on that labeling and how we can manage those.
Tommy: And that's a good distinction, Jarrod. Thanks for bringing that up, because the other thing too is Postscript increased the max season use rate, as well. So you can have up to 15 ounces in a year or 3 applications of Postscript, whereas Beyond is still 10 ounces or 2 applications at that five ounce rate in a season.
Jarrod: Yeah, for Clearfield. So in Clearfield you're still required to put out that Newpath application before a Beyond application is made.
Tommy: Exactly. So yeah, I'm glad you brought up that distinction. That's great. The next rates then rolling into you know, the other ones that we wanted to discuss was Provisia rice versus Max-Ace Rice. And so Max-Ace is really new to the market. This year is its first full commercial launch. Provisia has been on the market now, for again, just a few years. But both of these are rice varieties or hybrids, in the case of Max-Ace 2, now. They've got some hybrids coming to the market are resistant to quizalofop, or the Group 1 ACCace inhibiting herbicide. And so these provide us a little bit hotter of a of a grass herbicide that we can use for barnyard grass and weedy rice control. Provisia rice, again, these have very specific labeling requirements when it comes to the herbicide. So with Provisia rice, we can spray Provisia herbicide. With Max-Ace rice, we can spray Highcard herbicide. Technically, Provisia and Highcard are the same active ingredient. They're both a quizalofop, but due to labeling, we spray Provisia on Provisia and Highcard on Max-Ace. Now with these there is a little bit of a difference too with the products, actually. So with Highcard that goes on, Max-Ace - Highcard herbicide actually has a safener in it to protect the rice from injury a little bit more. As a result, yes, it safens it for the rice, but it also does safen and it slightly for the weeds. And so with a Highcard in Max-Ace, we have recommend it that it's an automatic mandatory, you know, sequential application in that system. We want to do the 15 followed by 15 in that Max-Ace/Highcard system. With Provisia, still recommend doing those sequentials, but we know there's several individuals out there that have been successful enough with one shot on the Provisia front, because it is just a little bit hotter. So just be aware of that, that there is a slight difference there. And again, due to labeling, we can't crisscross those chemistries and rice technologies.
Jarrod: Yeah, and you already mentioned it, Tommy, but that's, that's the thing for this year. There is a Max, that’s still from RiceTec, but there is a Max-Ace variety and at least 1 hybrid as well. So, you will see a little bit of that out there, you know, versus Provisia. At this time Provisia is varieties only.
Tommy: Yeah. Excellent. Jarrod, did you have anything else on the herbicide traits?
Jarrod: No
Tommy: Okay, perfect. So like, again, we just wanted to kind of clarify that a little bit, moving into the year. Again, obviously, too, we also have a lot of different conventional varieties out there. The big thing that will say when it comes to, and conventional hybrids - I should also say conventional technology. But basically just make sure that you have a plan for the year on what you're growing and where it goes and that we're not crisscrossing. I know there were several instances last year where I got called to a field where they either didn't clean out or didn't remember what was planted where, and we killed off some rice because of just not remembering what technologies were where.
Jarrod: I'm glad you said that. This is a great timing and I'll try to cover some of this later in an agronomics kind of focused podcast. But with everyone shifting around what they're doing this year, please look back at what you did last year and your herbicide programs and those plant-backs. Things are getting very crazy. And what we're cropping where and changing daily based on inputs and prices. Please look back before you put that stuff in the ground. It's going to be tough enough in ’22, without us coming out to look as things emerge going, “oh no, we have carryover, you know, we have a problem.” So, please double check yourself on what was sprayed and done in that field the year before. And again, that's an across commodity thing. Please look back at that.
Tommy: Yeah. And that's probably a little bit selfish on Jared and I's part as well because we just don't want to go on those calls. [laughter] So just please help us out, if more than anything. Right?
Jarrod: We don't have a lot of good news for you this year, is it is. [laughter] Please don't make us come out and give more bad news. We don't look forward to that. We're obviously always happy to help. But we know y'all don't enjoy them, we don't enjoy those visits either.
Tommy: That's right. [laughter]
Jarrod: When we know we're walking into a problem.
Tommy: So that Pretty much hits on the trait conversation we wanted to have. The next thing we really wanted to roll into was discussing residuals. And before we get into programs, I wanted to discuss just a little bit about maximizing our residual effectiveness, and then also just kind of how the weather plays into this a little bit. And if you happened to listen to my county production talk at all this year, you know, I emphasized early planting a lot for 2022. Because it just provides a lot of different benefits and can help us more effectively use our herbicides, especially in a year with limited availability and everything – and high prices. So, I just wanted to reemphasize some of those points. With earlier planting this year, if we can get out and do that and have good weather conditions. Jarrod will have other conversations later on with an agronomic podcast. But if we have the right conditions and we can plant early, you know, earlier planting gives us several benefits when it comes to our weed control as well. One of those happens to be that we have a higher likelihood for residual activation. There was some data from Dr. Ken Smith back in the day looking at the probabilities of getting residual herbicides activated. And if we could plant in April, we had about a 10 to 15% advantage of getting a quarter inch of rain, compared to if we planted in June. That's at a quarter inch. You know, a lot of our herbicides, we say we may need a half an inch of rainfall. That could be even more skewed. We'd have a higher likelihood of getting that half an inch in April than we would in June. So again, it helps us make sure that we get those residuals fully activated and working to the maximum as much as possible for us. The other thing with planting early is we typically can see a little bit of an extended length of our residual activity. So instead of maybe two weeks, we can expect maybe three to four weeks of activity depending on environmental conditions and things like that. That's normally a benefit. We can get those out and get a little bit extra length of control from those residuals. The other thing that we can really have a big benefit on, too, is that earlier planting can get us away from some of our most problematic weed species. Now that's not all roses, because we will move into some other different problematic weeds. But it just kind of helps us realize we need to manage the biology of weeds as well, a little bit, and understand that whole ecosystem going on in the background. So, for example, earlier planting it may get us out of some of our sedge and sprangletop windows, because those tend to be later emerging in the season. If we can plant a little bit earlier, that rice can get up and growing and maybe out-compete some of those weeds and just have that head start.
Jarrod: They still like that cooler, I guess, than average and wet conditions, but yeah, tend to trend a little lighter.
Tommy: And if we move forward, we tend to see that smart weeds are real early emergers. And so, if we know we have a bad smart weed problem, we’ve got to be prepared to plant earlier – or we're going to have an even bigger headache there on the smart weeds, because they're going to be up and growing early with that rice crop that’s planted early. That can be a problem. And barnyard grass, unfortunately, tends to be right in the middle of everything. It's not really early. It's not really late. And so barnyard grass just gives us headaches all the time. So that is the one unfortunate thing there, that the biology ecosystem part can't help us a great deal on the barnyard grass front because it's just an animal at all times. Which seems appropriate for how much we have to battle it, as it is.
Jarrod: And I know we're fixing to jump off from the kind of general comments into talking more herbicides-specific and programs and things. So this is takes a little edge from that. But, while we're talking about that early planning in the weather, I mean, the main thing from kind of the agronomic side in the rice itself is - it never fails - that is getting Command out there. It lasts a lot longer, which means it also works on the rice a little bit more heavily, especially if it stays cool after emergence. You know, we still consistently see that even with some of that increase widening all those things that earlier planting I mean, the yield is still there. Yeah, I have some concerns in, I always called it the Four Corners, where you get some extra overlap out there in some of those spots - where it gets super heavy rates, due to some crisscrossing of pattern. And we may lose some stand in those spots. I mean it gets some Pretty heavy rates in those spots where that happens, and I do worry about that a little bit. I know Tommy's with me on this, we still recommend going with that 12.8 ounces starting on a loamy soil. Going there. Give us the biggest bang for our residual buck. All of that. If you're truly going really early and you're going to be able to slip in, but it's still going to be really cold and really wet. If you pulled that back slightly. Yeah, you will save just a little bit on the on the injury part. And maybe that's a wise move. You know, in that scenario on the really early side. But, you know you are giving up a little bit of residual as you pull back a couple of ounces or so in there, you are shaving off some residual time. So it's absolutely a trade off. But you do. I mean, we're all staring at forecasts all the time. You take the best shot you can as long as you know that's one of the main reasons we're at that 12.8, is that linked residual and it can last a really long time. You start getting down to ten or 11, I mean, hard to know in the year. Maybe it's a week you shaved off of it. Whatever, that you're going to have to come back. You know, is this the year for that? I've said it before. Minimize. Try to encourage pilots or whatever to minimize some of that overlap, especially when you’re putting out Command really early, especially under cool conditions. And maybe that helps and you can keep the rate up and avoid some other problems.
Tommy: And the one thing we always do like to remind everyone, as well, that a little bit of bleaching is actually a good sign. You know, like Jarrod's talking, you get some of that overlap and you get some real heavy bleaching. Yeah, that is bad. But if you have a little bit of bleaching that's honestly a good thing because you know that you've got a good rate out there where it's just flashing on your rice. But, you know, you're fully activated and it's working as much as possible on those weeds too. So, we always like to see at least a little bit of bleaching because we know we've got a high enough rate out there that we're most effectively going after those weeds and we can maximize that length of residual like Jarrod's talking about as well. So just be aware of that, a little bleaching is not bad. We just don't want to turn everything white. Basically, that's kind of the main thing we wanted to hit on there, as well. Highlighting that earlier planting, especially this year, can maybe help us out in certain situations, with residual length and getting them activated, as well as maybe trying to move away from certain real problematic weeds. Again, if we know we got a bad sedge field or bad sprangletop field, maybe those are the ones that you want to plant earlier than some of the other ones. And, you know, if you've got a bad smart weed field, then maybe that one is one that you actually plant a little bit later - just to try and burndown some of those smart weeds first and then plant later. That kind of thing. So, there's always games to be played when it comes to weed control. Just make sure that this year we're really optimizing those games in our favor. Moving into more specific programs. And Jarrod started to hit on this. We'll hit on a few different herbicide programs here. And generally, residuals can be applied across the board no matter what our system is, whether we're in a different herbicide trait technology, whether we're talking flooded versus furrow irrigated rice. Generally, our residual programs can be broadcast across those different those systems. And one of the first things that I always like to hit on, pretty much regardless of those situations now, there's a little bit different games that we can play. But one of my major recommendations is always to have Command and Facet together up front, at planting. That combo is always lights-out in our research, one of the best treatments to give us, especially long term weed control. But it also gives us broad spectrum weed control. So Command and Facet are both good on our barnyard grass species as well as some other grasses. Facet adds some flatsedge control to our system, which Command, you know, gives us zero. So having that in there to help with a little bit of flatsedge is great. It also helps us with some of the early flushes of broadleaves. Again, it's not excellent, but it's a little bit more. Gives us a little bit more broad-spectrum control there up front. In that combo, with a lot of the Facet resistance that we have out there - as a residual, it still seems to get us good control. And so we're helping from the resistance standpoint. We're still getting control out of Facet. It just tends to always be one of our best ways to start our year off right, and get us set up for success down the road.
Jarrod: Yeah. When it comes to that, and I think I've thrown this out there a couple of times over the years – that’s still one of my favorite combos going out there. But when it comes to the Clearfield and FullPage rice, I've always kind of been a proponent of - where I can. Again, you know better what's going on in your field and your weed Pressure and even any potential resistance that you may have out there. That's always going to play a factor in whether you listen to what I'm about to say or not. But in trying to, frankly, to keep Facet out of fields where I'm using Clearfield or FullPage technology, you know, spraying Newpath or spraying Preface. Those types of things, again, to lean more heavily on the Facet in my conventional rice, or even now lean on it more heavily in Provisia and Max-Ace for primarily, again, for the residual out of it and some of the other broadleaf stuff. So some more games to be played again of picking around. It's not that Facet doesn't have a place in Clearfield/FullPage, of course it does. But - trying to be smart about picking where we are now and hopefully keeping it working as much as possible in the future, so it maintains kind of a rotational component in our rice.
Tommy: And that's exactly right, and that's kind of a good segue into the games that can be played with our residual programs. As you know, we have several different options, and we can make several different combinations. So playing those games and mixing it up is always good. The more different things we can throw at weeds, the less likely we are to evolve resistance, or at least it'll slow that process down. And typically that gives us better weed control too, just by mixing it up more. And so, like I said, I'm a big fan of Command and Facet, but if we're in that FullPage or Clearfield system, doing a mix of Command and Newpath up-front is great. Then you can mix up the overlapping shot after that, and potentially use Facet in the overlapping shot - or you know, save it again for a different year when you're in a conventional system or something like that. So again, playing those games is really important. And you know, that first residual shot, I really tend to like Command and Facet, because then when we follow up with our overlapping shot, which is really critical, especially this year to get those overlapping residuals out. And we really, again this is dependent on environmental conditions and planting date and those kinds of things, but generally speaking, on an average, we want to be coming back in with that overlap and residual somewhere around 14 to 21 days later. If we're real early planted, maybe you can stretch that to 28 days later, but somewhere in that window you're going to want to come back and overlap residuals and get more residuals out there to stop weeds from even coming up. And in that window there's all kinds of options that we can play games with. You could potentially do another shot of Command if you're on like a silt loam or lighter soil. A Prowl and Bolero is an excellent combo for us. Again, if we're in the Clearfield/FullPage system, maybe a second shot of Newpath or Preface in there. All these different combinations that we could work in, we could do something like a RiceOne, which is a Command and Prowl, and all these different things. Mix it up and throw different things at these weeds, which can be very beneficial. And a lot of those are geared towards grasses. We also have multiple different sedge and broadleaf residuals that we could throw out too, at this time. Bolero tends to be a great flatsedge option. Really, my best flatsedge option up front as a residual. And if we have yellow nutsedge, we really need League up front. So making sure we're identifying, or we know the field history, then as far as our sedges go, is important. But Bolero is good on the flatsedges, League is great on the yellow nutsedge side of things. I like Sharpen up front at that 3 ounce rate. It gives us great residual activity on broadleaves. It adds flatsedge control. Especially I like the 3 ounce rate PRE better than the 1 ounce that we can do POST. And then that also saves other products like Gambit for our POST clean up. You know, when we have other breakthroughs later in the season, we can spray Gambit to kill stuff POST, and we can add residual later on in the season - from Gambit as well. So I like to use Sharpen up front and save my Gambit for later to clean up a lot of things, whether we have more yellow nutsedge breakthroughs, more broadleaf breakthroughs, those kinds of things. You know, there’s different games we can play with some of those residuals on the sedge and broadleaf front as well.
Jarrod: Yeah. And on the opportunity to try to save and play games this year - and we've emphasized a couple times before. Yeah, the 3 ounces of Sharpen as a PRE. But if we're after a bunch of broadleaves and maybe even some of these sedges, if you're very late March planting, to probably the first couple of weeks of April - the odds of you really having much pressure of those weeds before the beginning of May is not impossible, but fairly unlikely. So, keep that in mind before you spend on 3 ounces of Sharpen to go as part of your PRE. If you're nowhere near, it's going to give you maybe at best, 3 weeks of residual out of the Sharpen toward those. If you're nowhere close to the very end April beginning of May when you're likely, most likely, to see the biggest flushes of those things. In that case, probably not the spot we want to be throwing the Sharpen out there, but as we get toward mid-April kind of and beyond, yeah. Where you know you've got some of that pressure, now you're getting into the window where you're going to see some real benefit out of that that Sharpen residual to do you some good and get you ahead of the game.
Tommy: Yeah, that's an excellent point. And really like those early planted fields like that. Let's take the sedge example again. Right? In the games that we play. I would agree if we're real early planted, Sharpen is probably not going to help us on those sedges. So those fields become an ideal situation then for the RiceBeauxs of the world or the overlapping Boleros of the world, because then that 3 weeks later you're coming in with that Bolero, which is also a very good flatsedge residual material. And you're getting closer to that window where they're going to be starting to come, and you get that stuff out then, in advance. And, it's right there in that window when they are coming. So, like Jarrod mentioned, there's those games that can be played, but then it really definitely it makes certain fields ideal candidates for other different herbicides, like we discussed there. So again, just pay attention with that. If you have any questions when it comes to some of those games to be played, please feel free to give us a call and we can have some discussions on some of those. It's and always keeps us entertaining trying to figure out most those chessboard pieces. Let's just say that. As far as residual programs go, that pretty much hits on, you know, a lot of the main highlights for the year. And again, we wanted to emphasize, you know, this is pretty much across our trait technologies, across flooded in row rice. As far as row rice goes, we will have a podcast later on in the year, more specifically focused on row rice control. But when it comes to residuals, the same games can be played and it really comes down to just water management. You know, as long as we've got good activations on those, row rice should relatively act the same when it comes to residuals. If we end up in a real dry year, with row rice, we're really going to want to make sure we get that Polypipe pulled and can run water down the furrows to get stuff activated. But other than that, it's very similar when it comes to the residuals standpoint. Did you have anything else to add on the residuals part, Jarrod?
Jarrod: No.
Tommy: Okay. Real quick, and we won't spend a lot of time on this because we'll have more podcasts later on in the season when we get closer to flood timing. But we did want to hit a little bit on some POST herbicide options as well, especially around that PRE flood timing, because this year our POST applications are going to be extremely challenging. I'm not going to sugarcoat it for you. It's going to be tough this year to be timely and it's going to be tough to select herbicides specifically for our weed spectrum we have out there. And, that's really what we still need to try and do. But it's just going to be difficult, because of the limited herbicide availability and high prices and things like that. So the best thing that I can tell you in advance is know your field history. And from your field history, what weeds you normally had to focus on in the past. Make several plans for that field this year. Have a plan A, have a plan B, and have a plan C, so you can try and bounce around knowing, okay, “this weed didn't come up this year, but we got this one. Can I get this herbicide or do I need to get this herbicide or do I need to get this herbicide?”, that kind of thing. Trying to get all of this outlined in advance, knowing full well that several of these plans will probably fall through. But the more you can be prepared, the better off you're going to be later on in the season at trying to get your hands on chemicals and still be very successful and timely.
Jarrod: If there's one positive I can throw out there from the way things seem to be headed for input prices and not just chemical, but fertilizers and everything, we may be seeing a further reduction in rice acres. So there may be a little bit more availability of some product. Hate to put it that way, but that's the reality these days. May be some more product become a little bit more available here as we get a little closer with the way things look. But you can't depend on that. We don't know. We are still weeks from really – well, I don’t know, somebody could plant tomorrow. It wouldn't be the first time, you know. I mean we're right there on the verge now. But in reality, most of our planting is a couple of weeks away from even trying to get started. We still got a lot of ground to work. So still a lot can happen and change over the next few weeks. So don't depend on that.
Tommy: That's right. That's the best way to put it, is don't depend on it. Let's make sure to have some plans. And if we know we know for sure we have problem fields with certain weeds, even just start trying to think about getting those orders in and having chemical on hand or at least reserve with your retailer. Just anything along those lines because the more that we can prepare and plan ahead the more likely we're going be able to get that chemical when we need it and be timely. Just as far as a few options to throw out there when we're talking about grasses you know, the Clinchers, Ricestars, and Regiments of the world still tend to be pretty viable options across the board. You know, they all have their little intricate natures that we need to deal with as far as environmental conditions and application procedures and things like that. But if you've had success with those in the past, we still should have success with them now. Resistance to those is not super widespread across the state. So still should be pretty useful and in most situations out there for us.
Jarrod: Yeah, I want to note, of course, we've tended to lean toward Regiment certainly, as a little bit more of a clean-up in recent years and for a long time, frankly, that’s what we've done with Clincher. And Ricestar has been the one to kind of more consistently go out at kind of that mid-POST timing, and you know what we've always said and recommended. They all need, but Clincher and Ricestar in particular, need good moisture. But Ricestar does better at good moisture and Clincher does better at great moisture. Just almost to the point of nasty wet. Having said that, the past couple of years guys that have gotten Clincher out instead of saving it for like a salvage type and getting out there where they're spraying like two leaf grass and have good soil moisture, have suddenly said, “well it’s working now.” You know it did better than it used to in the past. I’m going “yeah, because you were usually spraying foot tall grass with it.” You know, where we shouldn't be, and now you’re getting up and spraying smaller grass. So again, even Clincher, and in addition to RiceStar is still good too, but both of those still very good moved up there at the right time and good soil moisture. We've seen better activity. Again, get into a hot dry year, at those timings, we're going to struggle with them if we don't have adequate moisture.
Tommy: Yeah. 100% right. Put, especially this year more than ever before, put our herbicides in the best situation possible to succeed, and that’s kind of what it entails. Spraying weeds when they're small and making sure we have moisture. Again, that’s challenging but that’s where we need to be this year to make them the most successful as possible. When it comes to Clearfield or FullPage rice we still see really good success with beyond and Postscript as our best POST option. As long as we don't have resistance in our barnyard grass or weedy rice, that product especially compared to the Newpath and Preface that we tend to talk about more of the residual front, Beyond and Postscript is a very good POST emergence product for barnyard grass and weedy rice. And so that's still a great option in those systems. Provisia and Highcard, in the Provisia and MaxAce rice systems, is still really doing well as far as our weed control front too.
Jarrod: Do you want to comment on how to handle tank mixes with those?
Tommy: Oh, yeah. Excellent point. So, yeah, with the Provisia and MaxAce systems, it's really recommended. So obviously those are only grass herbicides. We got to figure out something else to take out.
Jarrod: And, only POST activity.
Tommy: Yes.
Jarrod: And only at POST activity.
Tommy: Yeah. And only at POST activity. So, we really need to start. We have to have tank mixes with it to take care of broadleaf sedges or residual herbicide products to get out there, for some of those overlap residuals. And basically, we're always recommending to put those tank mix partners into the first application of Provisia or of Highcard. Because we don't see a lot of antagonism with those products. There's a little bit here there and we don't see a lot. But if we are going to see it, we'd rather see it in that first shot so that when we come back with our second shot, we can clean everything up or any misses that we have. And we don't really have any that are complete, absolute, no-nos when it comes to mixing with Provisia or Highcard. But just be aware that if you can get those tank mixes together in the first application of that, and then that PRE flood shot or that second application of that quizalofop, let that ride by itself, you're going to be better off on the grass control front.
Jarrod: But, similar, general idea when we're tank mixing Clincher and Ricestar with stuff that some of your burner to, you know heavier broadleaf materials, is where the greatest potential for some your antagonism is, yeah.
Tommy: Yes. So, again as far as our grass control goes, those have been real successful we have not confirmed any weedy rice resistant to the quizalofop yet, so that's good news as well. Again, it seems to be a really good system especially in those fields where we have extreme barnyard grass or extreme weedy rice pressure that we just can't get under control with anything else. Outside of grasses I continue to get calls on flatsedges and yellow netsedge and, you know, just sedges in general. Which from our survey data, has bumped way up on our list of problematic weeds - basically to number two in flooded rice and number three in row rice. So, dealing with sedges is a big deal. As far as flatsedges, go because of the widespread A.L.S. resistance, Basagran and propanil tends to be my number one option to put out there. Loyant is also very good. I know that comes with some other caveats as far as the application process goes. But both of those are very successful at knocking out our flatsedges. And I will say with Loyant, too, try and reduce some risk of injury and off-target movement, things like that, we can reduce the rate down to about eight fluid ounces if we're smaller than six inches on our sedges. And it still works excellent. Still gives us above 90% control. Still very good. But as soon as those weeds start getting bigger or more dense, we need to start upping that rate as well. We can't rely on that 8 ounce rate across the board. It's just in those certain situations. When it comes to yellow nutsedge, we've got to treat yellow nutsedge different from the rest of our flatsedges. And, the best treatments, there are still our ALS chemistries, our Permit, Permit plus, and Gambits of the world. They are very, very good on yellow nutsedge, both from a POST and a little bit on the residual activity part as well. If we're in a situation where we either can't spray those or we are maybe in a pocket where there is a little ALS inhibitor resistance, Basagran plus propanil is decent on yellow nutsedge, especially if we catch it when it's small. We can do pretty good work on it. Loyant can also be successful on yellow nutsedge, but it's got to be small and we got to have a basically the full rate of Loyant to be successful. And I will say, you know, again, they can be successful, but a lot of the times you'll probably require a sequential shot if you really want to kill yellow nutsedge off with Basagran and Propanil or Loyant. So, the ALS’s still tend to be the best. We can do some good work with the other ones, but it is a little bit more picky. Let's just say that. On the broadleaf front, again, there's a variety of options when it comes to broadleaves. You know, Gambit, Ultra Blazer, Aim, Grandstand, Propanil, all kinds of options that can knock out different broadleaves. The best recommendation there is just to check out our MP44 publication and just match up the best herbicide for which weed you've got out there, which broadleaf weed. And that'll get you the farthest, especially hopefully for, for being the most economical as well. What you've got out there just match up what's best with what you've got, and move on from there – on the broadleaf front.
Jarrod: Yeah, this year as much as any year, if you're after perfection in weed control and going with a zero tolerance approach, I hate to be this way, but we're going to have problems. Trying to go there and again make money at the end. This is absolutely going to be a year that yeah, they're going to be certain fields that we mentioned, you thought may require a second shot, you know, because with this herbicide early and we didn't clean it all up. So many in recent years, of what we see that we go after and clean up, when Tommy and I look these fields, we’re going “that’s not an economical amount of those weeds out there to be spraying.” We know we're all concerned about our weed bank and keeping those things from getting worse. In so many cases that a lot of these grasses that are out there, everything. I'm sorry my comment to you, is “Do you think you're going to reduce your state bank of that?” Trust me, there's plenty of it still out there. Even if you get these under control, you know that were amiss. And so, you know, those are those opportunities to save money. And we all hate looking at them all year long. But we're just going to have to hold back this year and try to do the best we can. So again, playing games up front with being as specific and efficient as we can with what we're spraying and what we're going after and residual heavy. I've talked about this a lot at winter meetings, but I'm going throw it out there again. Actually, had another meeting the other day, a bunch of growers and the topic of multiple inlet rice irrigation or MIRI came up in a lot of our levy rice. The more fields we can do in that, that we can try to fertilize and get to flood earlier. Again, just get started so it's not all later and we’re out there trying to do residual after residual and POST. These bigger weeds, the faster we can try to get started we're going to be better off and cover ourselves up and get moved on and let those, you know, cover that residual up with a flood. That's the best other residual still actively working residual herbicide with a flood stuck on top of it. I love it. Beautiful.
Tommy: No, and that's a good point, Jarrod, to bring up, too. Because like you said, this is the year where we're probably going to have to make some tough decisions there, as far as not doing the complete zero seed bank and not letting anything go out. Just because economically it's not going to be feasible. But then there may be some opportunities then to look at other methods of weed control after that. The harvest weed seed control methods we’ve talk about, maybe there's an opportunity where we can try and implement narrow windrow burning and so we can't get rid of those weeds in season, but maybe we can stop some of those seeds from going back to the seed bank after that. Or maybe it's one of those things where we might need to look at a fall residual for certain things. You know, there's different opportunities we can look at and battle that seed bank front. You know, outside of, you know, again, trying to maintain zero weeds in the crop this year with the economical feasibility of some of that. So just kind of again, play those games and, and do the best that you can for the year that we're in and moving forward, we'll see where that puts us. But with that, those were the main highlights that I wanted to hit on. As far as the rice weed control strategies there. Jarrod, did you have anything else as far as weed control recs for this year?
Jarrod: No, no. I think we covered a big, wide range.
Tommy: Perfect. Well, if you have any questions again, please don't hesitate to get a hold of us at any time. I did want to mention too as far as other information that you can get your hands on or, if you just need more information. There are several spots that you can go. Make sure to check out our website www.uaex.uada.edu/weeds. We've got a lot of our different weed science information out there publications, our Weeds AR Wild blog, all those kinds of things for some of the latest information.
Jarrod: And for rice specific stuff, it's the same address, but forward slash rice instead jumped at the same yet again different page, but some rice specific stuff.
Tommy: That's right. And then, you know, the one publication I definitely want to guide you to immediately is our MP44 recommended chemicals for weed brush control. You can get a hard copy if you visit your local county extension office or you can always download a version right from online directly to your phone, tablet, anything else. So, there is that option as well. If you haven't signed up for our texting service, please do that. We try and release timely information, right to your text message inbox fairly frequently. You know, I say from the week front, we normally try and release five or six in a month of just updates of here's a blog post, here's a podcast, here's what we're seeing in the field, those kinds of things. Jarrod has his text list as well. All you need to do for the Weeds text list. You just text weeds. W-E-E-D-S to (501) 300-8883, and you'll sign up for that list. If you want to sign up for the rice list, you just text R-I-C-E to the same phone number (501) 300-8883, so you can sign up for a text list. From there, Jarrod, did you have anything else you wanted to highlight on outreach?
Jarrod: The Rice Management Guide. The 2022 version of that is out there. There is some overlap among some of our publications, but that one has some of the weeds information there. The MP44 is going to be the more robust, detailed version of it. Some of the quick notes that we have for weed control and some of those things are likewise in it, again on the rice page, and some of those hard copies are available at county offices - or certainly online. 2022 Arkansas Rice Management Guide. So yeah that’s it.
Tommy: Perfect. Well you know thank you to all of you for listening today to this Weeds AR Wild podcast episode. We also wanted to say thank you to the Arkansas Rice Research and Promotion Board, as well as USDA NIFFA and USDA ARS for contributing funding to the research that drives our Rice Weed Control recommendations, as well as helping to provide extension opportunities like this Weeds AR Wild podcast series. That funding goes a long way to help us do what we're doing, and we're very appreciative of that.
Tommy: I also wanted to thank Dr. Jarrod Hardke, here, for joining me today on this episode. And again, if you ever have any questions, please feel free to get a hold of either one of us at any time. And with that, Jarrod, want to sign off, say bye, say hi?
Jarrod: Anything else? Yeah. Thanks, everybody. Have a Rice day.
Tommy: Have a rice day. Cool Weeds. All right. Thanks for joining us for this episode of The Weeds AR Wild Podcast series on Arkansas Row Crops Radio.
[Music]: Arkansas Row Crops Radio is a production of the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. For more information, please contact your local county extension agent or visit uaex.uada.edu.