{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":0.064,"endTime":0.604,"body":"Hello, everybody."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":0.604,"endTime":3.304,"body":"Welcome to the fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":0.604,"endTime":3.304,"body":"science show this week."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3.334,"endTime":7.214,"body":"We're back to the subject of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3.334,"endTime":7.214,"body":"informal settlements and fire."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":8.103,"endTime":11.684,"body":"I guess you may remember"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":8.103,"endTime":11.684,"body":"we had Danielle Antonellis"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":11.703,"endTime":13.714,"body":"from Kindling sometime"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":11.703,"endTime":13.714,"body":"ago into podcasts."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":14.524,"endTime":18.004,"body":"Actually super happy"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":14.524,"endTime":18.004,"body":"that Danielle has won the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":18.034,"endTime":20.967,"body":"international woman of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":18.034,"endTime":20.967,"body":"the year in fire awards."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":21.234,"endTime":23.014,"body":"Uh, amazing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":21.234,"endTime":23.014,"body":"achievement, Danielle."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":23.034,"endTime":26.124,"body":"So very well-deserved,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":23.034,"endTime":26.124,"body":"I'm so happy for you."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":26.484,"endTime":30.844,"body":"And our podcast episode is quite"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":26.484,"endTime":30.844,"body":"a testimony to why this awards."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":31.404,"endTime":32.904,"body":"When to you."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":33.623,"endTime":35.214,"body":"Into today's episode."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":35.274,"endTime":39.144,"body":"I am interviewing a scientist"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":35.274,"endTime":39.144,"body":"who works in South Africa."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":39.474,"endTime":40.444,"body":"Professor Richard Walls."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":40.884,"endTime":43.794,"body":"Who is building his own"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":40.884,"endTime":43.794,"body":"fire group at Stellenbosch"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":43.794,"endTime":45.564,"body":"university in the South Africa."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":45.864,"endTime":47.724,"body":"It's actually going"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":45.864,"endTime":47.724,"body":"quite amazing."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":47.754,"endTime":48.804,"body":"You should watch them."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":48.894,"endTime":52.104,"body":"They're doing so good,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":48.894,"endTime":52.104,"body":"amazing stuff coming"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":52.104,"endTime":53.004,"body":"from, from their group."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":53.394,"endTime":56.454,"body":"However, the reason why I've"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":53.394,"endTime":56.454,"body":"invited Richard is that he"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":56.454,"endTime":58.014,"body":"really has touched the subject."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":58.044,"endTime":59.004,"body":"He has the."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":59.252,"endTime":61.712,"body":"Field experience"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":59.252,"endTime":61.712,"body":"with this topic."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":61.742,"endTime":62.682,"body":"He's seen these fires."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":63.182,"endTime":64.652,"body":"It's in the settlements."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":64.682,"endTime":66.632,"body":"He's talking to the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":64.682,"endTime":66.632,"body":"local authorities."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":66.632,"endTime":67.652,"body":"He's talking to people."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":67.922,"endTime":70.022,"body":"He has participated"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":67.922,"endTime":70.022,"body":"in project Iris."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":70.382,"endTime":73.682,"body":"That touched the fires of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":70.382,"endTime":73.682,"body":"informal settlements and his"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":73.682,"endTime":77.342,"body":"group has carried the full scale"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":73.682,"endTime":77.342,"body":"experiments within that program."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":77.732,"endTime":79.082,"body":"So today,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":79.543,"endTime":82.062,"body":"We're going to talk a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":79.543,"endTime":82.062,"body":"little more about the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":82.062,"endTime":83.322,"body":"engineering of this topic."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":83.352,"endTime":86.952,"body":"What makes the challenges,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":83.352,"endTime":86.952,"body":"how does the landscape of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":86.952,"endTime":91.452,"body":"the informal settlements"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":86.952,"endTime":91.452,"body":"Where do the fire challenges"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":91.482,"endTime":92.542,"body":"come from actually?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":93.342,"endTime":95.562,"body":"And how do we deal with them?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":95.713,"endTime":96.604,"body":"Some really good ideas."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":96.604,"endTime":98.074,"body":"How can we deal with them?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":98.134,"endTime":98.824,"body":"And."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":99.568,"endTime":102.298,"body":"And the Supreme potent"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":99.568,"endTime":102.298,"body":"explanation, why fire safety"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":102.298,"endTime":104.338,"body":"cannot be solved by one gadgets?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":104.368,"endTime":106.738,"body":"Why there's not a silver"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":104.368,"endTime":106.738,"body":"bullet that can solve."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":107.158,"endTime":109.828,"body":"The fire safety issue why do"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":107.158,"endTime":109.828,"body":"we need to look holistically"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":109.828,"endTime":112.575,"body":"at the problem Unfortunately"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":109.828,"endTime":112.575,"body":"We can only go from a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":112.575,"endTime":113.745,"body":"hundred to zero fires."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":114.015,"endTime":117.425,"body":"We cannot just, Prevent"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":114.015,"endTime":117.425,"body":"them all, but, uh, with"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":117.455,"endTime":120.485,"body":"a very realistic view"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":117.455,"endTime":120.485,"body":"on, on this matter."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":120.765,"endTime":123.492,"body":"Richard's group is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":120.765,"endTime":123.492,"body":"trying to, limit this"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":123.522,"endTime":124.412,"body":"as, as low as possible."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":124.978,"endTime":126.118,"body":"Every fire prevented."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":126.118,"endTime":128.578,"body":"Every fire that did"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":126.118,"endTime":128.578,"body":"not spread the massive"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":128.578,"endTime":130.018,"body":"event is someone's life."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":130.032,"endTime":132.038,"body":"Saved someone's property safe."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":132.038,"endTime":133.448,"body":"So very well."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":134.468,"endTime":134.918,"body":"Efforts."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":135.282,"endTime":138.072,"body":"Furthermore Richard"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":135.282,"endTime":138.072,"body":"it has published a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":138.102,"endTime":141.222,"body":"guideline of fire safety"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":138.102,"endTime":141.222,"body":"engineering in such spaces."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":141.312,"endTime":143.952,"body":"And we're going to talk about"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":141.312,"endTime":143.952,"body":"this as well in the episode."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":144.402,"endTime":147.792,"body":"So a real material,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":144.402,"endTime":147.792,"body":"very useful material."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":147.792,"endTime":149.712,"body":", that's actually going"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":147.792,"endTime":149.712,"body":"to affect the safety"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":149.742,"endTime":151.115,"body":"of a billion of people."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":151.175,"endTime":153.155,"body":"That's that's I still"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":151.175,"endTime":153.155,"body":"find that astounding."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":153.155,"endTime":153.335,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":153.695,"endTime":155.015,"body":"How many people are."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":155.495,"endTime":156.635,"body":"Under fire risk."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":157.265,"endTime":157.875,"body":"Within these settlements."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":158.435,"endTime":160.942,"body":"anyway, before we jump into"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":158.435,"endTime":160.942,"body":"the episode, I just wanted"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":160.942,"endTime":163.972,"body":"to remind you that we are"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":160.942,"endTime":163.972,"body":"gathering the questions"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":163.972,"endTime":165.322,"body":"for the Q and a episode."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":165.352,"endTime":166.102,"body":"That's gonna air."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":166.582,"endTime":167.932,"body":"At the very end of the month."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":167.942,"endTime":172.118,"body":"So, uh, I guess you still have"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":167.942,"endTime":172.118,"body":"some time to submit a question"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":172.118,"endTime":173.198,"body":"and I'm waiting for them."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":173.198,"endTime":174.008,"body":"I'm happy to."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":174.065,"endTime":174.875,"body":"Answer them."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":174.875,"endTime":178.745,"body":"And if you send the one to one"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":174.875,"endTime":178.745,"body":"of the podcast guests, I'll try"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":178.745,"endTime":180.485,"body":"to get them, answer it for you."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":180.965,"endTime":182.525,"body":"I don't know if we can"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":180.965,"endTime":182.525,"body":"make it this month,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":182.555,"endTime":183.695,"body":"but I will, I will try."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":184.198,"endTime":187.512,"body":"So, yeah, that's it's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":184.198,"endTime":187.512,"body":"for the introductory talk"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":187.562,"endTime":189.792,"body":"let's spin the intro and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":187.562,"endTime":189.792,"body":"let's jump into the episode"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":214.012,"endTime":214.892,"body":"Hello everybody."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":214.892,"endTime":216.452,"body":"Welcome to the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":214.892,"endTime":216.452,"body":"Fire Science Show."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":216.632,"endTime":220.352,"body":"I'm today here with Professor"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":216.632,"endTime":220.352,"body":"Richard Walls from Stallenbosch"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":220.372,"endTime":221.972,"body":"University in South Africa."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":221.972,"endTime":222.332,"body":"Hey,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":222.332,"endTime":223.572,"body":"Richard, Great to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":222.332,"endTime":223.572,"body":"have you in the show."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":223.649,"endTime":224.789,"body":"Hey,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":223.649,"endTime":224.789,"body":"Great to be here."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":224.789,"endTime":225.909,"body":"Thanks for having me on the."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":226.987,"endTime":228.077,"body":"I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":226.987,"endTime":228.077,"body":"would love to have you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":228.077,"endTime":231.297,"body":"on the show, really happy"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":228.077,"endTime":231.297,"body":"that this finally happened."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":231.907,"endTime":236.484,"body":"I've invited you to talk about"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":231.907,"endTime":236.484,"body":"one of the research topics that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":236.623,"endTime":241.498,"body":"is very, Close to you or, or"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":236.623,"endTime":241.498,"body":"covered a lot by your group"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":241.498,"endTime":244.698,"body":"that I see and, and that's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":241.498,"endTime":244.698,"body":"also an important subject."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":244.828,"endTime":247.658,"body":"It has been already in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":244.828,"endTime":247.658,"body":"the podcast, but I would"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":247.658,"endTime":249.378,"body":"love to go into more"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":247.658,"endTime":249.378,"body":"technicalities of that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":249.378,"endTime":252.878,"body":"That is the fire, issues"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":249.378,"endTime":252.878,"body":"within informal settlements"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":252.978,"endTime":256.77,"body":"and let's say, More"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":252.978,"endTime":256.77,"body":"excluded part of the world's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":256.77,"endTime":259.85,"body":"population, how they deal"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":256.77,"endTime":259.85,"body":"with, with fire safety issues."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":259.85,"endTime":261.913,"body":"And, you've been"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":259.85,"endTime":261.913,"body":"researching that a lot."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":261.913,"endTime":265.35,"body":"I guess it is in a way"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":261.913,"endTime":265.35,"body":"connected to, your geographical"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":265.6,"endTime":267.76,"body":"location, but maybe"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":265.6,"endTime":267.76,"body":"also some other factors."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":268.1,"endTime":270.54,"body":"Let's start with how did"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":268.1,"endTime":270.54,"body":"you get involved in, in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":270.643,"endTime":271.443,"body":"researching fire safety?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":271.509,"endTime":271.963,"body":"in, in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":271.963,"endTime":272.923,"body":"informal settlement?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":272.983,"endTime":273.403,"body":"Yes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":273.684,"endTime":274.992,"body":"Um, well"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":273.684,"endTime":274.992,"body":"firstly, in terms of fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":274.992,"endTime":277.552,"body":"safety in general, I got it"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":274.992,"endTime":277.552,"body":"into it like everyone else,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":277.552,"endTime":278.512,"body":"and that's by accident."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":278.842,"endTime":279.832,"body":"Uh, I was,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":280.252,"endTime":280.672,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":280.722,"endTime":282.992,"body":"So I don't think I've met"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":280.722,"endTime":282.992,"body":"anyone who knew they wanted"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":282.992,"endTime":284.992,"body":"to be a fire scientist or fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":282.992,"endTime":284.992,"body":"engineer when they were young,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":285.049,"endTime":288.174,"body":"and then, In terms of actually"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":285.049,"endTime":288.174,"body":"getting involved in formal"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":288.174,"endTime":291.054,"body":"settlements, uh, there"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":288.174,"endTime":291.054,"body":"various things that I think"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":291.054,"endTime":292.294,"body":"helped me along the way."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":292.294,"endTime":295.694,"body":"When I was young, I actually"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":292.294,"endTime":295.694,"body":"used to help out at a burn"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":295.974,"endTime":296.814,"body":"survivor home for kids."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":297.024,"endTime":299.694,"body":"So I'd go pick them up for"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":297.024,"endTime":299.694,"body":"Sunday school on Sunday morning,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":299.694,"endTime":302.654,"body":"and the kids were missing arms"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":299.694,"endTime":302.654,"body":"and eyes and legs and all sorts"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":302.654,"endTime":304.301,"body":"of crazy things from, Boones."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":304.301,"endTime":306.501,"body":"They'd experienced mainly"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":304.301,"endTime":306.501,"body":"from informal settlements."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":306.501,"endTime":308.501,"body":"So, It became a reality there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":308.721,"endTime":311.741,"body":"And then once we started"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":308.721,"endTime":311.741,"body":"doing fire research, just"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":311.901,"endTime":314.221,"body":"realized the big issue, because"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":311.901,"endTime":314.221,"body":"it happens all the time."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":314.221,"endTime":317.661,"body":"I mean, literally every day in"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":314.221,"endTime":317.661,"body":"Cape Town there's a fire and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":317.661,"endTime":322.021,"body":"across the, um, the country, 15"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":317.661,"endTime":322.021,"body":"to 20 recorded fires per day."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":322.021,"endTime":324.114,"body":"And that's, there's,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":322.021,"endTime":324.114,"body":"stacks of unrecorded."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":324.114,"endTime":326.634,"body":"We don't even know what the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":324.114,"endTime":326.634,"body":"numbers are when one or two"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":326.634,"endTime":329.234,"body":"or three homes burn down, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":326.634,"endTime":329.234,"body":"they're not, not reported."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":329.234,"endTime":331.114,"body":"So it's a big issue and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":329.234,"endTime":331.114,"body":"that's, that's why we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":331.114,"endTime":332.034,"body":"decided to start getting."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":332.48,"endTime":335.147,"body":"to what"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":332.48,"endTime":335.147,"body":"extent is it a recognized issue?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":335.147,"endTime":335.387,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":335.387,"endTime":338.367,"body":"You, you had your personal,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":335.387,"endTime":338.367,"body":"history of helping children,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":338.507,"endTime":341.127,"body":"and I guess that brought"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":338.507,"endTime":341.127,"body":"you much closer, but."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":341.497,"endTime":345.887,"body":"On like governmental scale or,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":341.497,"endTime":345.887,"body":"or public opinion scale, Is it"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":346.527,"endTime":348.283,"body":"recognized as a severe issue?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":348.283,"endTime":351.363,"body":"Like is, is the scale"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":348.283,"endTime":351.363,"body":"really recognized at this?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":351.363,"endTime":353.923,"body":"Because I guess every now"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":351.363,"endTime":353.923,"body":"and then you have a, a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":353.923,"endTime":356.443,"body":"giant next biggest fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":353.923,"endTime":356.443,"body":"that happened and probably"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":356.723,"endTime":359.163,"body":"everyone talks about it for a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":356.723,"endTime":359.163,"body":"week, but to, to what extent"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":359.533,"endTime":361.243,"body":"is a part of the, of the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":361.243,"endTime":361.963,"body":"public discussion?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":361.997,"endTime":363.579,"body":"it pops"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":361.997,"endTime":363.579,"body":"up regularly because we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":363.579,"endTime":364.819,"body":"have so many large fires."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":364.819,"endTime":367.819,"body":"So a couple of times a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":364.819,"endTime":367.819,"body":"year, a hundred, 200, 500,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":367.819,"endTime":370.059,"body":"a thousand homes burned down"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":367.819,"endTime":370.059,"body":"somewhere in the country."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":370.389,"endTime":373.579,"body":"So I mean, a thousand homes"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":370.389,"endTime":373.579,"body":"by international status is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":373.579,"endTime":374.859,"body":"a massive disaster for us."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":374.859,"endTime":377.819,"body":"It's sort of a regular"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":374.859,"endTime":377.819,"body":"occurrence, so it's part"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":377.819,"endTime":378.859,"body":"of ongoing discussion."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":378.859,"endTime":381.419,"body":"So it'll often pop up,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":378.859,"endTime":381.419,"body":"especially from the department"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":381.419,"endTime":383.499,"body":"team and settlements,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":381.419,"endTime":383.499,"body":"national disaster management."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":383.679,"endTime":386.099,"body":"But the problem is,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":383.679,"endTime":386.099,"body":"is it's part of."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":386.314,"endTime":387.314,"body":"Host of problems."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":387.314,"endTime":389.234,"body":"As soon as you've got"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":387.314,"endTime":389.234,"body":"millions of people staying"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":389.234,"endTime":391.034,"body":"in formal settlements,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":389.234,"endTime":391.034,"body":"everything's a problem."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":391.034,"endTime":394.034,"body":"Health is a problem, Sanitation"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":391.034,"endTime":394.034,"body":"problem, water supply,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":394.514,"endTime":395.794,"body":"security, safety, jobs."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":396.084,"endTime":398.394,"body":"So it's kind of a mess"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":396.084,"endTime":398.394,"body":"of everything you don't"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":398.394,"endTime":400.674,"body":"want in one place in terms"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":398.394,"endTime":400.674,"body":"of social challenges and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":400.674,"endTime":401.674,"body":"providing infrastructure."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":401.684,"endTime":404.594,"body":"So fire is one of many"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":401.684,"endTime":404.594,"body":"things, including flooding,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":404.594,"endTime":405.314,"body":"et cetera, et cetera."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":405.668,"endTime":407.998,"body":"I wonder to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":405.668,"endTime":407.998,"body":"what extent is also a, a recent"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":407.998,"endTime":412.842,"body":"problem because I this way of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":407.998,"endTime":412.842,"body":"inhabiting a city, uh, would"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":412.842,"endTime":414.082,"body":"exist for, for, for decades."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":414.142,"endTime":417.238,"body":"but, but now with this like"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":414.142,"endTime":417.238,"body":"exponentially increasing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":417.238,"endTime":421.278,"body":"population and in a way trend"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":417.238,"endTime":421.278,"body":"to, to get closer to cities,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":421.278,"endTime":424.958,"body":"like the organization is a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":421.278,"endTime":424.958,"body":"very strong trend worldwide."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":425.458,"endTime":427.768,"body":"Is it something you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":425.458,"endTime":427.768,"body":"observe like on the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":427.768,"endTime":427.968,"body":"rise"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":428.466,"endTime":430.866,"body":"it's definitely"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":428.466,"endTime":430.866,"body":"increasing urbanization"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":431.276,"endTime":432.632,"body":"is, is, fueling this."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":432.762,"endTime":436.072,"body":"If you speak to people who do"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":432.762,"endTime":436.072,"body":"disaster management and fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":436.072,"endTime":439.072,"body":"services in the more rural"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":436.072,"endTime":439.072,"body":"communities where they're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":439.072,"endTime":441.472,"body":"on formal settlements, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":439.072,"endTime":441.472,"body":"they're, they're not dense, you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":441.472,"endTime":442.712,"body":"know, one home and then spread"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":442.712,"endTime":444.112,"body":"out, fires happen, but."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":444.542,"endTime":446.872,"body":"A home goes down, maybe"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":444.542,"endTime":446.872,"body":"two homes go down."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":446.872,"endTime":449.712,"body":"It's not a a, a disastrous"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":446.872,"endTime":449.712,"body":"incident, but around our"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":449.712,"endTime":453.552,"body":"cities are, our settlements"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":449.712,"endTime":453.552,"body":"are densifying fast."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":453.802,"endTime":456.552,"body":"So what happens is when a fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":453.802,"endTime":456.552,"body":"does go, it spreads rapidly"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":456.642,"endTime":458.472,"body":"through the, these areas."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":458.732,"endTime":461.192,"body":"And then, I mean, we're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":458.732,"endTime":461.192,"body":"even seeing double story"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":461.372,"endTime":463.846,"body":"and, you Them sprawling"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":461.372,"endTime":463.846,"body":"out in all directions."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":463.956,"endTime":466.486,"body":"Some of it is in South"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":463.956,"endTime":466.486,"body":"Africa linked to the fact"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":466.486,"endTime":469.862,"body":"that,  we had a apartheid and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":466.486,"endTime":469.862,"body":"specific laws where people"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":469.862,"endTime":470.862,"body":"could and couldn't live."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":470.862,"endTime":473.982,"body":"So when apartheid ended,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":470.862,"endTime":473.982,"body":"that led to a lot of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":473.982,"endTime":476.499,"body":"mo movement of people,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":473.982,"endTime":476.499,"body":"which, worsened the whole"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":476.499,"endTime":478.419,"body":"problem cause many people"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":476.499,"endTime":478.419,"body":"were short of land."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":478.419,"endTime":481.659,"body":"And so the, a host of challenges"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":478.419,"endTime":481.659,"body":"that go alongside this"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":481.659,"endTime":483.659,"body":"issue, but it's definitely"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":481.659,"endTime":483.659,"body":"on the rise and it's going"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":483.659,"endTime":484.899,"body":"to get worse, not better."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":485.209,"endTime":488.939,"body":"I mean, if we look at the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":485.209,"endTime":488.939,"body":"statistics for Africa and the."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":489.089,"endTime":493.049,"body":"People moving to our cities"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":489.089,"endTime":493.049,"body":"in the next 30 decades,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":493.129,"endTime":495.649,"body":"we'll probably see the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":493.129,"endTime":495.649,"body":"settles double in size."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":495.798,"endTime":496.172,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":496.418,"endTime":497.863,"body":"And, the development"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":496.418,"endTime":497.863,"body":"of technology."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":497.863,"endTime":499.623,"body":"Like, you know, everyone"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":497.863,"endTime":499.623,"body":"has a phone now."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":499.823,"endTime":500.818,"body":"Everyone's charging a phone."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":501.179,"endTime":505.139,"body":"everyone probably, uh, has"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":501.179,"endTime":505.139,"body":"a source or, or electrical"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":505.139,"endTime":506.419,"body":"devices they would use."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":506.809,"endTime":510.379,"body":"Does, is it also a trend"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":506.809,"endTime":510.379,"body":"that works towards the,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":510.619,"endTime":512.859,"body":"let's say, increased"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":510.619,"endTime":512.859,"body":"probability of ignition?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":513.029,"endTime":514.259,"body":"Do you observe any"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":514.259,"endTime":514.619,"body":"of this?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":514.914,"endTime":516.434,"body":"two sides"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":514.914,"endTime":516.434,"body":"for firstly, in terms"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":516.434,"endTime":517.674,"body":"of, of actual fire."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":517.674,"endTime":519.274,"body":"Cause our data's fairly poor."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":519.384,"endTime":522.114,"body":"Simply because when you go"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":519.384,"endTime":522.114,"body":"out to an informal settlement"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":522.394,"endTime":524.914,"body":"incident and homes are burned"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":522.394,"endTime":524.914,"body":"down, it's very difficult to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":524.914,"endTime":525.714,"body":"know what actually happened"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":525.714,"endTime":528.194,"body":"because everything's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":525.714,"endTime":528.194,"body":"destroyed and they,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":528.194,"endTime":530.074,"body":"they happen so regularly"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":528.194,"endTime":530.074,"body":"that there's not a proper"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":530.074,"endTime":530.834,"body":"fire investigation."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":530.884,"endTime":533.154,"body":"So the fire department"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":530.884,"endTime":533.154,"body":"standing there and they"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":533.154,"endTime":533.914,"body":"say, Okay, what happened?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":533.914,"endTime":535.434,"body":"Someone says, Electrical fault."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":535.864,"endTime":536.354,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":536.354,"endTime":538.434,"body":"Yeah, we're not gonna get"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":536.354,"endTime":538.434,"body":"any better data than that."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":538.434,"endTime":540.994,"body":"So it goes on, I mean, if you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":538.434,"endTime":540.994,"body":"were drunk and knocked over your"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":540.994,"endTime":542.914,"body":"candle, you're not gonna say"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":540.994,"endTime":542.914,"body":"that when all your neighbors"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":542.914,"endTime":543.834,"body":"have now lost their homes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":544.324,"endTime":547.354,"body":"Uh, so in terms of electrical"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":544.324,"endTime":547.354,"body":"issues, yes, that's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":547.354,"endTime":548.794,"body":"definitely influencing it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":548.894,"endTime":552.354,"body":"And what you also see is that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":548.894,"endTime":552.354,"body":"everyone needs electricity."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":552.354,"endTime":554.634,"body":"So whether it's formal or"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":552.354,"endTime":554.634,"body":"informal, there's electricity."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":554.934,"endTime":558.034,"body":"And if you have an informal"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":554.934,"endTime":558.034,"body":"settlement with no electrical"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":558.034,"endTime":561.004,"body":"infrastructure, They will"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":558.034,"endTime":561.004,"body":"run cables from, you know,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":561.004,"endTime":565.406,"body":"10, 20, a hundred meters from"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":561.004,"endTime":565.406,"body":"wherever ly gauge, cables"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":565.406,"endTime":568.206,"body":"draped over roofs that prevent"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":565.406,"endTime":568.206,"body":"the fire trucks from coming"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":568.206,"endTime":569.806,"body":"in that cause short circuits."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":569.806,"endTime":572.825,"body":"So, know, overload transformers,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":569.806,"endTime":572.825,"body":"you have all sorts of other"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":572.825,"endTime":574.025,"body":"weird electrical problems."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":574.025,"endTime":576.185,"body":"I mean, I've seen poles"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":574.025,"endTime":576.185,"body":"with, I dunno, a hundred"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":576.535,"endTime":578.465,"body":"cables connected into it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":578.465,"endTime":580.625,"body":"And then they're running to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":578.465,"endTime":580.625,"body":"different people's homes."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":581.244,"endTime":583.496,"body":"This,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":581.244,"endTime":583.496,"body":"mockup infrastructure like"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":583.666,"endTime":587.376,"body":"we, we know like electrical,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":583.666,"endTime":587.376,"body":"uh, systems are, are a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":587.376,"endTime":588.096,"body":"challenge in the building."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":588.126,"endTime":591.016,"body":"Like if you want to build a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":588.126,"endTime":591.016,"body":"nuclear plants, that's probably"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":591.016,"endTime":592.416,"body":"number one fire channel."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":592.416,"endTime":597.334,"body":"And you would talk about and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":592.416,"endTime":597.334,"body":"hear like this, um, Uncontrolled"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":597.334,"endTime":600.414,"body":"growth of the electrical"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":597.334,"endTime":600.414,"body":"network can be, can be really?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":600.554,"endTime":604.654,"body":"How about water supply that,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":600.554,"endTime":604.654,"body":"I mean, you need water to, to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":604.654,"endTime":607.39,"body":"fight fires, but I guess that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":604.654,"endTime":607.39,"body":"are better uses to water in,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":607.39,"endTime":609.26,"body":"improvised, uh, neighborhoods."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":609.27,"endTime":612.54,"body":"So probably water is also"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":609.27,"endTime":612.54,"body":"a, an issue for firefighting"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":612.54,"endTime":612.9,"body":"at least."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":613.141,"endTime":613.561,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":613.561,"endTime":614.601,"body":"Water's a big issue."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":614.771,"endTime":618.801,"body":"So, uh, firstly yes, they, the,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":614.771,"endTime":618.801,"body":"depending on which way you're on"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":618.801,"endTime":621.361,"body":"the country, some municipalities"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":618.801,"endTime":621.361,"body":"are doing better or worse."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":621.361,"endTime":623.861,"body":"They provide stand pipes,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":621.361,"endTime":623.861,"body":"sort of a tap and you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":623.861,"endTime":624.741,"body":"can get water from it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":624.741,"endTime":626.541,"body":"So at least if there's quite"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":624.741,"endTime":626.541,"body":"a few of those, there's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":626.541,"endTime":627.381,"body":"some water available."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":627.831,"endTime":628.581,"body":"If there are."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":629.029,"endTime":632.039,"body":"Hydrants for the fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":629.029,"endTime":632.039,"body":"department, they have their own"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":632.039,"endTime":635.599,"body":"problems because if you're short"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":632.039,"endTime":635.599,"body":"of water in your area, then"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":635.599,"endTime":638.159,"body":"hey, why don't you just build"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":635.599,"endTime":638.159,"body":"your home over the fire hydrant?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":638.159,"endTime":640.439,"body":"Then you get free water to your"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":638.159,"endTime":640.439,"body":"house and you can even sell"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":640.439,"endTime":641.399,"body":"the water to your neighbor."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":641.929,"endTime":646.039,"body":"So you have many incidents where"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":641.929,"endTime":646.039,"body":"there are call outs and the fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":646.039,"endTime":648.759,"body":"department cannot find where"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":646.039,"endTime":648.759,"body":"the hydrants are, especially"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":648.759,"endTime":650.879,"body":"when it's exposed ones that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":648.759,"endTime":650.879,"body":"people can build their homes on."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":650.879,"endTime":653.284,"body":"If it's in the roadway and it's."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":653.284,"endTime":654.764,"body":"out the way, then maybe"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":653.284,"endTime":654.764,"body":"it's fine, but they"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":654.764,"endTime":655.764,"body":"can be tampered with."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":655.764,"endTime":656.724,"body":"They can be vandalized."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":657.014,"endTime":658.644,"body":"So water supplies an issue."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":658.904,"endTime":662.764,"body":"And also most of the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":658.904,"endTime":662.764,"body":"communities spring up on land"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":663.114,"endTime":665.924,"body":"that wasn't really suitable"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":663.114,"endTime":665.924,"body":"for formal homes because"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":665.924,"endTime":666.844,"body":"that's why they're there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":666.844,"endTime":667.564,"body":"They weren't built"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":667.564,"endTime":667.764,"body":"on."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":667.864,"endTime":669.044,"body":"And so there sometimes is."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":669.229,"endTime":673.039,"body":"Poor or nonexistent water"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":669.229,"endTime":673.039,"body":"infrastructure, uh, or there"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":673.039,"endTime":673.999,"body":"isn't sufficient pressure."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":674.179,"endTime":677.479,"body":"And where we had it, one of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":674.179,"endTime":677.479,"body":"the big, um, fires here a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":677.479,"endTime":681.459,"body":"couple of years ago, 2017,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":677.479,"endTime":681.459,"body":"where, 2000 homes burnt down."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":681.769,"endTime":684.539,"body":"They were hydrants, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":681.769,"endTime":684.539,"body":"also at that stage we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":684.539,"endTime":685.939,"body":"had a severe drought."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":686.079,"endTime":688.179,"body":"And so they dropped the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":686.079,"endTime":688.179,"body":"pressure in the whole"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":688.419,"endTime":689.459,"body":"network cause of the drought."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":689.569,"endTime":691.979,"body":"They were at the hydrant and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":689.569,"endTime":691.979,"body":"then they couldn't get enough"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":692.179,"endTime":692.939,"body":"pressure for their lines."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":693.029,"endTime":696.176,"body":"So yeah, water is a big issue"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":693.029,"endTime":696.176,"body":"as, as you correctly point."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":696.386,"endTime":698.196,"body":"I'm,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":696.386,"endTime":698.196,"body":"I'm asking these questions"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":698.249,"endTime":701.289,"body":"to draw an image of how"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":698.249,"endTime":701.289,"body":"the landscape looks like."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":701.569,"endTime":704.009,"body":"We're, we are, we're gonna,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":701.569,"endTime":704.009,"body":"in the second part of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":704.009,"endTime":706.209,"body":"the episode, gonna talk"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":704.009,"endTime":706.209,"body":"about potential solutions"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":706.209,"endTime":707.209,"body":"and how to approach them."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":707.209,"endTime":710.889,"body":"But first, I would love"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":707.209,"endTime":710.889,"body":"myself and my listeners to,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":711.139,"endTime":713.169,"body":"to understand what kind of."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":713.225,"endTime":714.83,"body":"Environment we, we are in."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":715.32,"endTime":719.68,"body":"So, um, to continue this,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":715.32,"endTime":719.68,"body":"topic and how do the fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":719.68,"endTime":723.4,"body":"environment in inside an"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":719.68,"endTime":723.4,"body":"informal settlement looks like?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":723.737,"endTime":726.377,"body":"a question that comes to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":723.737,"endTime":726.377,"body":"my mind, how big are this,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":726.431,"endTime":728.833,"body":"informal settlements, I guess"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":726.431,"endTime":728.833,"body":"the range in scale, but,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":728.833,"endTime":730.959,"body":"mean, the last"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":728.833,"endTime":730.959,"body":"time I heard I'm, I'm, I'm"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":730.959,"endTime":733.799,"body":"gonna lie about the exact"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":730.959,"endTime":733.799,"body":"number, but it was over 200"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":733.799,"endTime":739.119,"body":"settlements in Cape Town, and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":733.799,"endTime":739.119,"body":"they range in size from couple"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":739.119,"endTime":742.973,"body":"of dozen homes to, I'm trying"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":739.119,"endTime":742.973,"body":"to think what the biggest one,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":742.973,"endTime":746.093,"body":"You're talking a few hundred"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":742.973,"endTime":746.093,"body":"thousand, but often it's, it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":746.093,"endTime":750.093,"body":"difficult to define accurately"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":746.093,"endTime":750.093,"body":"because even it merges from."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":751.138,"endTime":753.388,"body":"Then you've got formal"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":751.138,"endTime":753.388,"body":"with backyard dwelling."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":753.388,"endTime":755.348,"body":"So you've got one formal"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":753.388,"endTime":755.348,"body":"home and three backyard"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":755.348,"endTime":756.388,"body":"dwellings, which are shacks."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":756.388,"endTime":757.988,"body":"So now is that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":756.388,"endTime":757.988,"body":"formal or informal?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":757.988,"endTime":759.468,"body":"Cause there's three"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":757.988,"endTime":759.468,"body":"informal to one formal."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":759.468,"endTime":761.468,"body":"So it's sort of this"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":759.468,"endTime":761.468,"body":"mishmash and then"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":761.468,"endTime":763.468,"body":"that merges into the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":761.468,"endTime":763.468,"body":"informal settlement."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":763.468,"endTime":765.628,"body":"So there aren't kind of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":763.468,"endTime":765.628,"body":"clear boundaries, it's just"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":765.628,"endTime":767.748,"body":"this sprawl of urban homes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":767.748,"endTime":771.108,"body":"But I mean, a fire can rip"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":767.748,"endTime":771.108,"body":"through 50 or a hundred meters"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":771.198,"endTime":773.668,"body":"of homes continuous and then"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":773.988,"endTime":774.388,"body":"whatever with."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":774.669,"endTime":776.049,"body":"how"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":774.669,"endTime":776.049,"body":"densely are they packed?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":776.049,"endTime":779.729,"body":"Like it's like, I know three"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":776.049,"endTime":779.729,"body":"houses and then a street, and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":779.729,"endTime":782.729,"body":"then three houses, or it's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":779.729,"endTime":782.729,"body":"like a continuous row of houses"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":782.729,"endTime":784.289,"body":"that, that goes through the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":784.289,"endTime":784.609,"body":"horizon."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":784.943,"endTime":786.503,"body":"it"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":784.943,"endTime":786.503,"body":"depends on where you are."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":786.503,"endTime":790.543,"body":"If in the sort of more rural"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":786.503,"endTime":790.543,"body":"areas, further away from job"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":790.543,"endTime":793.503,"body":"opportunities, then you may"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":790.543,"endTime":793.503,"body":"have a home bit of land home."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":793.503,"endTime":794.103,"body":"Bit of land."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":794.103,"endTime":794.823,"body":"I mean maybe they"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":794.823,"endTime":797.703,"body":"even goats and cattle around"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":794.823,"endTime":797.703,"body":"and a little bit of farming."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":797.803,"endTime":799.623,"body":"And then as you get"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":797.803,"endTime":799.623,"body":"close to the city, they"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":799.623,"endTime":800.783,"body":"get denser and denser."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":801.043,"endTime":805.023,"body":"The densest, um, settlements"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":801.043,"endTime":805.023,"body":"right near sort of central"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":805.383,"endTime":807.383,"body":"business districts and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":805.383,"endTime":807.383,"body":"perceived areas of work."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":807.493,"endTime":808.063,"body":"It's usually"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":808.063,"endTime":809.823,"body":"wall-to-wall homes and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":808.063,"endTime":809.823,"body":"then there might be a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":809.823,"endTime":811.623,"body":"meter or two pathway and."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":811.973,"endTime":813.803,"body":"If there's a roadway,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":811.973,"endTime":813.803,"body":"then the road's there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":813.803,"endTime":817.083,"body":"But I mean, people's homes can"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":813.803,"endTime":817.083,"body":"literally be built right up to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":817.083,"endTime":821.243,"body":"the road so their front door"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":817.083,"endTime":821.243,"body":"opens into the, the road and um,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":821.243,"endTime":822.523,"body":"maybe they encroach on the road."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":822.523,"endTime":823.516,"body":"So it ranges."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":823.516,"endTime":826.436,"body":"But around cities we're even"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":823.516,"endTime":826.436,"body":"starting to see double story"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":826.436,"endTime":828.376,"body":"going up, along river banks."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":828.666,"endTime":831.538,"body":"So, I mean, if floods"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":828.666,"endTime":831.538,"body":"are, are 50 year zones."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":831.538,"endTime":833.858,"body":"So then people build their homes"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":831.538,"endTime":833.858,"body":"because there's no other homes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":833.858,"endTime":835.498,"body":"And then the flood, then"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":833.858,"endTime":835.498,"body":"they get flooded once a year"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":835.498,"endTime":836.458,"body":"or once every five years."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":836.908,"endTime":840.058,"body":"So, uh, but fairly"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":836.908,"endTime":840.058,"body":"dense, normally not"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":840.058,"endTime":841.458,"body":"continuous for kilometers."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":841.938,"endTime":844.378,"body":"Normally there's at least some"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":841.938,"endTime":844.378,"body":"amount of road infrastructure."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":845.124,"endTime":848.644,"body":"break businesses, something"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":845.124,"endTime":848.644,"body":"every between 5,000, 200"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":848.644,"endTime":850.764,"body":"meters or so, depending on"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":850.764,"endTime":851.324,"body":"where you are."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":851.522,"endTime":853.369,"body":"Apologies"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":851.522,"endTime":853.369,"body":"if I'm asking ignorant"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":853.369,"endTime":856.089,"body":"white guys questions, but,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":853.369,"endTime":856.089,"body":"uh, I just don't know."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":856.239,"endTime":860.009,"body":"I honestly never, never been"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":856.239,"endTime":860.009,"body":"in one, never, never saw one."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":860.009,"endTime":863.089,"body":"And then I learned that 1"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":860.009,"endTime":863.089,"body":"billion people or so lives"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":863.089,"endTime":864.209,"body":"in this, this condition."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":864.209,"endTime":864.44,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":864.792,"endTime":865.785,"body":"actually that's, that's quite."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":866.332,"endTime":866.732,"body":"Devastating."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":866.732,"endTime":870.342,"body":"And I, I had Danielle Antonellis"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":866.732,"endTime":870.342,"body":"on, on the episodes in the show."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":870.562,"endTime":873.905,"body":"And, uh, that was like,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":870.562,"endTime":873.905,"body":"wow, that, that was such an"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":873.905,"endTime":877.595,"body":"impactful, discussion and,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":873.905,"endTime":877.595,"body":"and like, almost, making tears"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":877.595,"endTime":879.275,"body":"because of, of the impact."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":879.275,"endTime":879.795,"body":", like, wow."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":880.302,"endTime":884.232,"body":"This things really impacts"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":880.302,"endTime":884.232,"body":"billions with b in the front."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":884.732,"endTime":887.352,"body":"And you've also mentioned"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":884.732,"endTime":887.352,"body":"you've seen multi stories."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":887.43,"endTime":891.025,"body":"I, I guess the, the trend"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":887.43,"endTime":891.025,"body":"to understand how, how this"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":891.085,"endTime":895.725,"body":"communities develop, grow and,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":891.085,"endTime":895.725,"body":"I guess they have some cycles"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":896.245,"endTime":899.205,"body":"within them, so, so people want"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":896.245,"endTime":899.205,"body":"to be closer to the work, to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":899.205,"endTime":900.485,"body":"the potential sources of income."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":900.67,"endTime":903.71,"body":"This also probably generates"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":900.67,"endTime":903.71,"body":"a more interest of, of people"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":903.924,"endTime":907.374,"body":"staying in the proximity of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":903.924,"endTime":907.374,"body":"the mold densely populated."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":907.374,"endTime":911.334,"body":"So, So it increases also in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":907.374,"endTime":911.334,"body":"a way the attractiveness of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":911.334,"endTime":913.854,"body":"this particular place because"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":911.334,"endTime":913.854,"body":"there's more people, more"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":913.854,"endTime":915.694,"body":"chances, more more stuff."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":915.824,"endTime":918.454,"body":"So, So I assume you've mentioned"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":915.824,"endTime":918.454,"body":"that they start growing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":918.454,"endTime":920.134,"body":"up like into multi-story."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":920.664,"endTime":923.054,"body":"Is this something you've"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":920.664,"endTime":923.054,"body":"already seen or is this"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":923.054,"endTime":924.334,"body":"some sort of new develop?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":924.656,"endTime":926.986,"body":"It's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":924.656,"endTime":926.986,"body":"newish, so they, they're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":926.986,"endTime":928.226,"body":"starting to appear now."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":928.226,"endTime":928.946,"body":"So it's not common."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":929.016,"endTime":932.026,"body":"I mean, I understand in India,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":929.016,"endTime":932.026,"body":"I mean there, it's, it's common."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":932.026,"endTime":933.106,"body":"You have multi-story."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":934.059,"endTime":934.179,"body":"Whatever."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":934.419,"endTime":936.499,"body":"Different countries are"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":934.419,"endTime":936.499,"body":"different words they use,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":936.914,"endTime":939.469,"body":"it's, it's in other countries"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":936.914,"endTime":939.469,"body":"it's, it's commonplace"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":939.619,"endTime":941.069,"body":"Here, it's starting to come."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":941.069,"endTime":944.189,"body":"Also, just the materials people"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":941.069,"endTime":944.189,"body":"use don't often allow them to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":944.189,"endTime":947.749,"body":"go multi stories up because it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":944.189,"endTime":947.749,"body":"steel sheeting and light timber."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":947.839,"endTime":949.149,"body":"So building double, triple"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":949.149,"endTime":949.469,"body":"story."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":949.609,"endTime":953.549,"body":"But it's, it's coming and we, we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":949.609,"endTime":953.549,"body":"did the large scale experiment"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":953.549,"endTime":957.509,"body":"on a double story, and man,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":953.549,"endTime":957.509,"body":"that's, When you've got a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":957.509,"endTime":959.909,"body":"double story in formal dwelling,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":957.509,"endTime":959.909,"body":"it can collapse anyway."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":960.009,"endTime":963.149,"body":"You double the density"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":960.009,"endTime":963.149,"body":"it, the fire department"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":963.149,"endTime":964.149,"body":"can't get in there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":964.629,"endTime":964.949,"body":"Suppression."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":964.949,"endTime":966.109,"body":"It is becoming an issue."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":966.109,"endTime":968.309,"body":"So you can't just run into it"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":966.109,"endTime":968.309,"body":"like a normal building cuz it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":968.349,"endTime":969.069,"body":"probably gonna fall on you."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":969.359,"endTime":971.469,"body":"So just the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":969.359,"endTime":971.469,"body":"practicalities of it are"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":971.469,"endTime":971.629,"body":"an"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":972.042,"endTime":973.925,"body":"and to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":972.042,"endTime":973.925,"body":"close this part what, what's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":973.925,"endTime":974.925,"body":"the population density?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":974.925,"endTime":976.423,"body":"Is it a family per dwelling?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":976.478,"endTime":978.128,"body":"that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":976.478,"endTime":978.128,"body":"once again ranges."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":978.218,"endTime":982.648,"body":"So some areas you for instance,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":978.218,"endTime":982.648,"body":"find predominantly single male,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":982.698,"endTime":985.568,"body":"so especially when, but then"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":982.698,"endTime":985.568,"body":"they will often have a room."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":985.778,"endTime":986.448,"body":"So what's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":986.448,"endTime":987.888,"body":"even have what's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":986.448,"endTime":987.888,"body":"called shack farming."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":987.888,"endTime":990.364,"body":"So you'll have, a land owner,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":987.888,"endTime":990.364,"body":"even though they're not the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":990.364,"endTime":992.284,"body":"owner or they're the sort of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":990.364,"endTime":992.284,"body":"the, the dwelling owner, and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":992.284,"endTime":995.084,"body":"they may have six rooms and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":992.284,"endTime":995.084,"body":"each one has one person in it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":995.084,"endTime":996.644,"body":"Sometimes you'll find a family."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":996.654,"endTime":997.724,"body":"So a family of four."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":998.049,"endTime":1000.859,"body":"Then the cousin from the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":998.049,"endTime":1000.859,"body":"Eastern Cape moves, and then"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1000.859,"endTime":1002.819,"body":"you've got a family of five,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1000.859,"endTime":1002.819,"body":"family of six, family of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1002.819,"endTime":1003.019,"body":"eight."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1003.549,"endTime":1007.009,"body":"So the homes are sort of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1003.549,"endTime":1007.009,"body":"constantly adjusting as"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1007.489,"endTime":1009.569,"body":"children and family members"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1007.489,"endTime":1009.569,"body":"move around the country"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1009.669,"endTime":1011.209,"body":"for survival basically."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1011.659,"endTime":1014.929,"body":"So it, it really ranges the,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1011.659,"endTime":1014.929,"body":"the home size, the family size."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1014.977,"endTime":1016.9,"body":"and,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1014.977,"endTime":1016.9,"body":"and now materials, you've"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1016.9,"endTime":1019.58,"body":"mentioned, uh, steel sheets,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1016.9,"endTime":1019.58,"body":"uh, lightweight timber."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1020.19,"endTime":1023.34,"body":"So, so it's all improvised"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1020.19,"endTime":1023.34,"body":"from this sort of materials,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1023.34,"endTime":1024.34,"body":"like whatever's available."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1024.764,"endTime":1026.711,"body":"Yeah, people"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1024.764,"endTime":1026.711,"body":"are extremely resourceful."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1026.711,"endTime":1029.031,"body":"I mean, I'm, I'm quite impressed"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1026.711,"endTime":1029.031,"body":"by the construction techniques"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1029.031,"endTime":1030.911,"body":"and, and the resourcefulness"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1029.031,"endTime":1030.911,"body":"and getting hold of things."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1031.201,"endTime":1034.254,"body":"So anything that comes"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1031.201,"endTime":1034.254,"body":"out of anywhere can end"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1034.254,"endTime":1035.294,"body":"up in a formal settlement."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1035.294,"endTime":1036.814,"body":"So there's not like"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1035.294,"endTime":1036.814,"body":"a code of practice."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1036.914,"endTime":1040.734,"body":"You find timber, you find"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1036.914,"endTime":1040.734,"body":"old sheating steel sheeting."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1040.734,"endTime":1044.454,"body":"You find plastic, you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1040.734,"endTime":1044.454,"body":"find nylon curtains and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1044.454,"endTime":1045.894,"body":"linings and cardboard."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1046.349,"endTime":1049.469,"body":"Paper and health,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1046.349,"endTime":1049.469,"body":"you name it, it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1049.469,"endTime":1049.749,"body":"there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1050.146,"endTime":1052.776,"body":"so there's a, there's a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1050.146,"endTime":1052.776,"body":"massive informal market"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1052.776,"endTime":1054.736,"body":"for secondhand materials."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1054.946,"endTime":1058.136,"body":"So scrap getting removed"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1054.946,"endTime":1058.136,"body":"from the construction site or"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1058.136,"endTime":1059.616,"body":"sometimes even just stolen."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1059.826,"endTime":1063.896,"body":"Uh, so anything can end up there"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1059.826,"endTime":1063.896,"body":"and then is used and reused."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1063.896,"endTime":1066.736,"body":"So, I mean, from a reuse"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1063.896,"endTime":1066.736,"body":"sustainability perspective,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1066.736,"endTime":1068.856,"body":"I mean, we have some of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1066.736,"endTime":1068.856,"body":"the highest recycling"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1068.856,"endTime":1071.616,"body":"rates in the world in South"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1068.856,"endTime":1071.616,"body":"Africa because everything"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1071.616,"endTime":1072.016,"body":"gets"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1072.304,"endTime":1072.794,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1072.794,"endTime":1075.874,"body":"And, and materials like,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1072.794,"endTime":1075.874,"body":"concrete blocks or lightweight"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1076.114,"endTime":1079.074,"body":"concrete blocks, bricks,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1076.114,"endTime":1079.074,"body":"uh, also, or these are"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1079.074,"endTime":1081.314,"body":"like not very, you don't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1079.074,"endTime":1081.314,"body":"see them that often."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1081.546,"endTime":1083.336,"body":"to some"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1081.546,"endTime":1083.336,"body":"extent, less commonly."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1083.373,"endTime":1085.653,"body":"sometimes you will see for"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1083.373,"endTime":1085.653,"body":"instance, people who've"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1085.653,"endTime":1087.493,"body":"been there longer, a little"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1085.653,"endTime":1087.493,"body":"bit more resources when"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1087.493,"endTime":1090.453,"body":"they cast a concrete slab"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1087.493,"endTime":1090.453,"body":"for their their home."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1090.793,"endTime":1093.093,"body":"You do find, once again,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1090.793,"endTime":1093.093,"body":"I was mentioning the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1093.163,"endTime":1094.453,"body":"informal formal mix."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1094.453,"endTime":1096.493,"body":"So you'll often have a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1094.453,"endTime":1096.493,"body":"brick home that used to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1096.493,"endTime":1099.773,"body":"be there now with 6, 8,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1096.493,"endTime":1099.773,"body":"10, 50 homes in the back."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1099.823,"endTime":1102.613,"body":"So you do find brick"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1099.823,"endTime":1102.613,"body":"homes in and amongst."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1103.618,"endTime":1107.018,"body":"Built in the settlements because"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1103.618,"endTime":1107.018,"body":"people often aren't gonna"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1107.018,"endTime":1109.298,"body":"spend the money on upgrading"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1107.018,"endTime":1109.298,"body":"their home where they know"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1109.298,"endTime":1111.938,"body":"they've got a chance of losing"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1109.298,"endTime":1111.938,"body":"their home, it burning down."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1112.631,"endTime":1113.791,"body":"and various other reasons."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1113.791,"endTime":1117.351,"body":"So often with lack of, of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1113.791,"endTime":1117.351,"body":"tenure comes lack of willingness"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1117.351,"endTime":1118.991,"body":"to put money into your home."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1119.131,"endTime":1120.951,"body":"And there's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1119.131,"endTime":1120.951,"body":"competing challenges."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1120.961,"endTime":1124.808,"body":"So there there's less, putting"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1120.961,"endTime":1124.808,"body":"effort and putting resources"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1124.808,"endTime":1125.728,"body":"into formalizing your."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1126.025,"endTime":1128.28,"body":"It may"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1126.025,"endTime":1128.28,"body":"be quite interesting, when my"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1128.28,"endTime":1131.84,"body":"institute was formed Building"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1128.28,"endTime":1131.84,"body":"Research Institute where I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1131.84,"endTime":1134.92,"body":"work, it was an effort after"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1131.84,"endTime":1134.92,"body":"the, the second World War."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1135.18,"endTime":1138.237,"body":"And Poland at that moment was,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1135.18,"endTime":1138.237,"body":"completely destroyed country."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1138.237,"endTime":1140.597,"body":"Like everything was"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1138.237,"endTime":1140.597,"body":"either destroyed or"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1140.597,"endTime":1142.65,"body":"stolen, And, because of."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1143.065,"endTime":1146.004,"body":"A lot of people would"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1143.065,"endTime":1146.004,"body":"resource themselves to use,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1146.125,"endTime":1149.375,"body":"this improvised materials"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1146.125,"endTime":1149.375,"body":"in, in a very similar way."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1149.945,"endTime":1153.695,"body":"Um, however, here it would"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1149.945,"endTime":1153.695,"body":"be a lot of clay buildings, a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1153.695,"endTime":1157.632,"body":"lot of, clay straw composite"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1153.695,"endTime":1157.632,"body":"things, using straw and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1157.632,"endTime":1160.952,"body":"lightweight timber to,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1157.632,"endTime":1160.952,"body":"to cover the, the roofs."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1161.042,"endTime":1164.459,"body":"Uh, actually I think my"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1161.042,"endTime":1164.459,"body":"institute has done a lot of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1164.659,"endTime":1165.859,"body":"research in its early days."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1165.889,"endTime":1169.019,"body":"I mean, we're talking 75"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1165.889,"endTime":1169.019,"body":"years ago, so, so that's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1169.019,"endTime":1169.939,"body":"quite old research."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1169.939,"endTime":1174.299,"body":"But I think there was a lot of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1169.939,"endTime":1174.299,"body":"research on use of, of readily"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1174.299,"endTime":1178.308,"body":"available natural materials"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1174.299,"endTime":1178.308,"body":"in let's say some sort of, of,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1178.308,"endTime":1180.382,"body":"fairly safe, structural build."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1180.902,"endTime":1181.812,"body":"Of the whole country."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1181.902,"endTime":1185.652,"body":"So, so I actually, I must"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1181.902,"endTime":1185.652,"body":"go to the library of itb"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1185.652,"endTime":1188.892,"body":"and, and second, it could be"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1185.652,"endTime":1188.892,"body":"interesting to, to tap into"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1188.892,"endTime":1193.572,"body":"the mind of, of researchers"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1188.892,"endTime":1193.572,"body":"from mid fifties on how a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1193.572,"endTime":1196.652,"body":"similar problem was, was solved"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1193.572,"endTime":1196.652,"body":"in, in, in middle of Europe."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1196.702,"endTime":1199.132,"body":"However, I think, I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1196.702,"endTime":1199.132,"body":"think Clay was one of the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1199.132,"endTime":1200.052,"body":"most popular materials"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1200.251,"endTime":1200.734,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1200.734,"endTime":1203.254,"body":"I think often the problem is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1200.734,"endTime":1203.254,"body":"the settlements are in cities,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1203.264,"endTime":1206.534,"body":"so we actually don't have"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1203.264,"endTime":1206.534,"body":"access to those materials."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1206.534,"endTime":1207.694,"body":"I mean, it's just an open"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1207.694,"endTime":1210.014,"body":"piece of land, so you can't"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1207.694,"endTime":1210.014,"body":"really mine very much."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1210.014,"endTime":1211.614,"body":"And there's lack of support"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1211.634,"endTime":1212.374,"body":"and just the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1212.407,"endTime":1212.957,"body":"No water"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1213.084,"endTime":1213.574,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1213.574,"endTime":1216.214,"body":"And then the, the speed the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1213.574,"endTime":1216.214,"body":"populations are growing at"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1216.214,"endTime":1217.663,"body":"often just means that it, it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1217.663,"endTime":1219.289,"body":"It's very difficult to do it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1219.429,"endTime":1223.683,"body":"And some of it also comes from,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1219.429,"endTime":1223.683,"body":"there was a historical, back"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1223.683,"endTime":1226.803,"body":"in 1994 when Mandela came to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1223.683,"endTime":1226.803,"body":"power, they said, All right,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1227.003,"endTime":1227.723,"body":"everyone will get a home."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1227.893,"endTime":1229.163,"body":"Uh, which was great at the time."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1229.163,"endTime":1231.883,"body":"I mean, it was a, it was a good"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1229.163,"endTime":1231.883,"body":"effort, but the population grew"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1231.883,"endTime":1234.443,"body":"too fast in some management"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1231.883,"endTime":1234.443,"body":"issues and various other things."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1234.733,"endTime":1238.043,"body":"So the idea wasn't, we're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1234.733,"endTime":1238.043,"body":"gonna upgrade in formal homes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1238.043,"endTime":1240.363,"body":"We're gonna build"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1238.043,"endTime":1240.363,"body":"you formal homes and."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1240.586,"endTime":1243.736,"body":"As the years have gone by"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1240.586,"endTime":1243.736,"body":"policy, you can start seeing,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1243.736,"endTime":1244.736,"body":"is starting to change."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1244.736,"endTime":1247.616,"body":"When there, there's the,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1244.736,"endTime":1247.616,"body":"it may not be written down,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1247.616,"endTime":1249.496,"body":"but this acknowledgement"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1247.616,"endTime":1249.496,"body":"is, whoops, we're actually"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1249.496,"endTime":1251.336,"body":"not keeping up and we're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1249.496,"endTime":1251.336,"body":"not going to get there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1251.336,"endTime":1253.456,"body":"We're not gonna be able to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1251.336,"endTime":1253.456,"body":"provide enough formal homes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1253.456,"endTime":1257.096,"body":"So how do we rather do"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1253.456,"endTime":1257.096,"body":"upgrading of the informal?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1257.598,"endTime":1258.398,"body":"to improve them."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1258.398,"endTime":1260.758,"body":"So that, that is a subtle"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1258.398,"endTime":1260.758,"body":"quality shift you're definitely"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1260.758,"endTime":1263.518,"body":"seeing, and that's where these"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1260.758,"endTime":1263.518,"body":"sorts of things can come in"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1263.518,"endTime":1266.391,"body":"some amount of brick, better"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1263.518,"endTime":1266.391,"body":"construction materials, at"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1266.391,"endTime":1269.791,"body":"least, you know, concrete slab,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1266.391,"endTime":1269.791,"body":"that that can help to some"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1269.791,"endTime":1271.271,"body":"extent as that is formalized."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1271.271,"endTime":1273.631,"body":"But also in a bit of re"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1271.271,"endTime":1273.631,"body":"blocking, rearranging homes,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1273.631,"endTime":1275.871,"body":"there's better layouts, bit"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1273.631,"endTime":1275.871,"body":"of grid layouts, et cetera."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1276.321,"endTime":1278.311,"body":"So that's definitely gonna"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1276.321,"endTime":1278.311,"body":"be part of the solution"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1278.321,"endTime":1280.551,"body":"in the coming years, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1278.321,"endTime":1280.551,"body":"it's, it's not an easy"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1280.551,"endTime":1280.911,"body":"process"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1280.911,"endTime":1281.431,"body":"doing"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1281.431,"endTime":1281.751,"body":"that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1281.779,"endTime":1282.269,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1282.269,"endTime":1284.549,"body":"Now, uh, let's talk a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1282.269,"endTime":1284.549,"body":"little about fires in,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1284.549,"endTime":1285.629,"body":"in informal settlements."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1286.049,"endTime":1289.029,"body":"You, you were guested at"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1286.049,"endTime":1289.029,"body":"the NFPA podcast, and I'm"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1289.029,"endTime":1291.529,"body":"gonna link to that episode"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1289.029,"endTime":1291.529,"body":"where you gave really."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1291.658,"endTime":1295.954,"body":"Illustrative description of,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1291.658,"endTime":1295.954,"body":"of how a fire in an informal"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1295.984,"endTime":1297.394,"body":"settlement looks like."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1297.394,"endTime":1300.124,"body":"And I, I would, recommend"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1297.394,"endTime":1300.124,"body":"everyone to, to take a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1300.124,"endTime":1301.564,"body":"listen on that one as well."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1301.784,"endTime":1304.42,"body":"But let, let's give a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1301.784,"endTime":1304.42,"body":"mini version in here."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1304.87,"endTime":1307.45,"body":"So, what makes the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1304.87,"endTime":1307.45,"body":"fire so devastating?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1307.45,"endTime":1311.275,"body":"Like catastrophe,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1307.45,"endTime":1311.275,"body":"devastating, and, Under what"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1311.275,"endTime":1313.235,"body":"conditions this fire turns."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1313.935,"endTime":1316.515,"body":"You said you have an incidence"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1313.935,"endTime":1316.515,"body":"with tens or hundreds of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1316.515,"endTime":1319.732,"body":"houses every now and then,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1316.515,"endTime":1319.732,"body":"and then two, three times a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1319.732,"endTime":1323.452,"body":"year, you would've a one that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1319.732,"endTime":1323.452,"body":"involves a few thousands."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1323.902,"endTime":1327.872,"body":"So, what makes this this"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1323.902,"endTime":1327.872,"body":"growth from a 10 or hundreds"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1327.872,"endTime":1329.592,"body":"to catastrophe size?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1330.322,"endTime":1333.669,"body":"Is it management like the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1330.322,"endTime":1333.669,"body":"local, conditions, weather?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1334.351,"endTime":1335.681,"body":"A lot"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1334.351,"endTime":1335.681,"body":"of things play into it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1335.681,"endTime":1338.764,"body":"Often it's, whether it's kind"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1335.681,"endTime":1338.764,"body":"of like a, a, wildland fire."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1338.774,"endTime":1339.764,"body":"At the end of the day."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1339.764,"endTime":1343.404,"body":"You've got a continuous"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1339.764,"endTime":1343.404,"body":"sprawl of fuel, and same"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1343.404,"endTime":1344.284,"body":"thing with wildland fires."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1344.284,"endTime":1346.244,"body":"When the wind gets beyond"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1344.284,"endTime":1346.244,"body":"a certain stage, it's gonna"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1346.244,"endTime":1348.604,"body":"push through that forest"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1346.244,"endTime":1348.604,"body":"and burn it all down the."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1349.089,"endTime":1351.429,"body":"The settlements do"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1349.089,"endTime":1351.429,"body":"range in terms of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1351.629,"endTime":1352.789,"body":"resources for responses."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1352.789,"endTime":1354.549,"body":"Some have better fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1352.789,"endTime":1354.549,"body":"departments nearby."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1354.549,"endTime":1356.989,"body":"Some have virtually"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1354.549,"endTime":1356.989,"body":"non-existent fire departments."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1357.089,"endTime":1361.229,"body":"The density ranges, so if you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1357.089,"endTime":1361.229,"body":"have dense settlements with"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1361.229,"endTime":1363.349,"body":"poor access, that's where"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1361.229,"endTime":1363.349,"body":"you've got the biggest headache."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1363.349,"endTime":1365.856,"body":"Cause also, as I was mentioning"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1363.349,"endTime":1365.856,"body":"earlier, most of the settlements"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1365.856,"endTime":1368.336,"body":"are built out the way,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1365.856,"endTime":1368.336,"body":"so they have limited road"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1368.336,"endTime":1369.536,"body":"infrastructure and access."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1369.536,"endTime":1371.576,"body":"And then when a big"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1369.536,"endTime":1371.576,"body":"incident starts happening,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1371.576,"endTime":1372.416,"body":"people evacuate."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1372.466,"endTime":1375.576,"body":"So they're trying to save"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1372.466,"endTime":1375.576,"body":"their beds and chairs and TVs."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1375.861,"endTime":1377.824,"body":"Cars and whatever else"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1375.861,"endTime":1377.824,"body":"there might be there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1377.824,"endTime":1379.824,"body":"And it blocks the road, so"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1377.824,"endTime":1379.824,"body":"then the fire department"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1379.824,"endTime":1380.784,"body":"can't even come in."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1381.324,"endTime":1384.304,"body":"And when you've got lots"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1381.324,"endTime":1384.304,"body":"of fuel all on top of each"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1384.304,"endTime":1385.864,"body":"other, I mean, it just"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1384.304,"endTime":1385.864,"body":"moves from one dwelling"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1385.864,"endTime":1386.784,"body":"to the next to the next."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1387.054,"endTime":1389.824,"body":"I mean, we didn't experiment"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1387.054,"endTime":1389.824,"body":"with 20 full scale homes"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1389.824,"endTime":1391.584,"body":"and all of them were a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1389.824,"endTime":1391.584,"body":"light in five minutes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1392.154,"endTime":1394.544,"body":"So it literally ripped straight"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1392.154,"endTime":1394.544,"body":"through 20 homes, five minutes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1394.544,"endTime":1395.264,"body":"There you go."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1395.684,"endTime":1397.624,"body":"And you see that it moves."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1398.339,"endTime":1398.939,"body":"Frightening speed."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1399.293,"endTime":1402.213,"body":"sometimes it'll hit, let's say"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1399.293,"endTime":1402.213,"body":"if there's a bit of vegetation"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1402.213,"endTime":1403.333,"body":"you might have branding."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1403.626,"endTime":1405.426,"body":"we think branding occurs."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1405.476,"endTime":1408.066,"body":"We think there must be, if"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1405.476,"endTime":1408.066,"body":"you've got enough plastics and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1408.176,"endTime":1411.106,"body":"pretty much everything there,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1408.176,"endTime":1411.106,"body":"there must be some amount"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1411.106,"endTime":1413.426,"body":"of brands being thrown, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1411.106,"endTime":1413.426,"body":"that's never been quantified"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1413.426,"endTime":1416.386,"body":"and we don't have a handle of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1413.426,"endTime":1416.386,"body":"how much it's influencing it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1416.766,"endTime":1418.266,"body":"But just flame impingement."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1418.296,"endTime":1420.186,"body":"I mean, you have, when the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1418.296,"endTime":1420.186,"body":"homes are that close, you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1420.186,"endTime":1422.266,"body":"got flame impingement from"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1420.186,"endTime":1422.266,"body":"one dwelling to the next."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1423.226,"endTime":1425.586,"body":"Problem is, is the dwellings"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1423.226,"endTime":1425.586,"body":"are permeable, so there's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1425.586,"endTime":1426.906,"body":"always a hole somewhere."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1426.906,"endTime":1429.666,"body":"So there's always the,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1426.906,"endTime":1429.666,"body":"between the wall and the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1429.666,"endTime":1430.706,"body":"roof, there's a bit of a gap."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1430.706,"endTime":1433.546,"body":"And then to stop winds, you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1430.706,"endTime":1433.546,"body":"stick a bit of newspaper or"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1433.546,"endTime":1436.666,"body":"cardboard or nylon there,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1433.546,"endTime":1436.666,"body":"and then it catches and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1436.666,"endTime":1437.586,"body":"it sucks it into the home."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1437.586,"endTime":1438.106,"body":"Flashover."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1438.106,"endTime":1438.866,"body":"And then next one."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1439.276,"endTime":1441.986,"body":"So small scale, it kind of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1439.276,"endTime":1441.986,"body":"looks like a whole bunch"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1441.986,"endTime":1444.026,"body":"of little enclosure fires."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1444.026,"endTime":1447.226,"body":"On a large scale, it looks"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1444.026,"endTime":1447.226,"body":"like a, a wild land fire."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1447.344,"endTime":1449.457,"body":"with the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1447.344,"endTime":1449.457,"body":"20 dwelling, You, you refer to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1449.457,"endTime":1452.657,"body":"the experiments in the project"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1449.457,"endTime":1452.657,"body":"IRIS i, I  isn't that the paper"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1452.657,"endTime":1453.897,"body":"that got Bigglestone Award?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1453.904,"endTime":1454.324,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1454.324,"endTime":1454.644,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1454.644,"endTime":1455.204,"body":"Thankfully,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1455.254,"endTime":1457.536,"body":"uh, you, you reviewed"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1455.254,"endTime":1457.536,"body":"it for us and,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1457.545,"endTime":1458.415,"body":"it was amazing."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1458.485,"endTime":1459.375,"body":"I recommend that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1459.375,"endTime":1459.96,"body":"to everyone."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1460.099,"endTime":1462.259,"body":"so yeah, that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1460.099,"endTime":1462.259,"body":"was, um, yeah, colleagues,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1462.259,"endTime":1464.339,"body":"colleague wrote and was"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1462.259,"endTime":1464.339,"body":"part of it and done with,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1464.469,"endTime":1465.109,"body":"Edinburgh, et cetera."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1465.279,"endTime":1467.029,"body":"So yeah, that was,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1465.279,"endTime":1467.029,"body":"that was frightening."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1467.029,"endTime":1469.273,"body":"What it was even great is,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1467.029,"endTime":1469.273,"body":"you have to admit, even"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1469.273,"endTime":1471.073,"body":"when you're wrong, we were"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1469.273,"endTime":1471.073,"body":"like debating how long is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1471.073,"endTime":1471.993,"body":"this experiment gonna take?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1471.993,"endTime":1473.233,"body":"And we're about to sit on fire,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1473.433,"endTime":1476.233,"body":"we're setting up, thinking,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1473.433,"endTime":1476.233,"body":"yeah, maybe 20 minutes or so."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1476.423,"endTime":1479.033,"body":"Bang, banks hit a bump,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1476.423,"endTime":1479.033,"body":"experiment down five minutes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1479.211,"endTime":1480.291,"body":"Oops, that was quick."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1480.461,"endTime":1484.531,"body":"Um, I think at 17 minutes"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1480.461,"endTime":1484.531,"body":"there was one left standing."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1484.631,"endTime":1488.171,"body":"And the funniest thing was"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1484.631,"endTime":1488.171,"body":"we thought that was the, the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1488.171,"endTime":1491.131,"body":"home that was gonna get the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1488.171,"endTime":1491.131,"body":"toast, most roasted of, or"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1491.131,"endTime":1492.851,"body":"timber dwelling on each side."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1493.431,"endTime":1496.411,"body":"And, uh, what happened was"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1493.431,"endTime":1496.411,"body":"is that the timber homes are"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1496.411,"endTime":1498.971,"body":"around it burnt so ferociously,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1496.411,"endTime":1498.971,"body":"no air could get to it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1499.731,"endTime":1500.771,"body":"it was just crazy."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1500.831,"endTime":1503.331,"body":"The, the, it was"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1500.831,"endTime":1503.331,"body":"oxygen staff totally."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1503.331,"endTime":1504.451,"body":"So it was the last home"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1504.771,"endTime":1505.171,"body":"standing and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1505.171,"endTime":1506.131,"body":"we thought it was gonna be the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1506.131,"endTime":1507.971,"body":"one that was the most, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1508.589,"endTime":1510.285,"body":"And it,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1508.589,"endTime":1510.285,"body":"how, how was it propagating?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1510.285,"endTime":1512.005,"body":"Was it like through radiation?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1512.005,"endTime":1513.565,"body":"Through through"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1512.005,"endTime":1513.565,"body":"convective heating,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1513.608,"endTime":1515.558,"body":"it seems"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1513.608,"endTime":1515.558,"body":"primarily flame contact,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1515.558,"endTime":1516.718,"body":"flame impingement."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1516.968,"endTime":1519.598,"body":"Um, especially in that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1516.968,"endTime":1519.598,"body":"experiment from what we see,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1519.598,"endTime":1523.598,"body":"it is primarily flame dominated"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1519.598,"endTime":1523.598,"body":"because you have a lot of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1523.598,"endTime":1526.238,"body":"flaming coming out of the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1523.598,"endTime":1526.238,"body":"big dwellings and a lot of."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1526.453,"endTime":1528.213,"body":"Than exposed materials."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1528.353,"endTime":1530.853,"body":"But it is hard to break"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1528.353,"endTime":1530.853,"body":"up the balance between"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1530.853,"endTime":1533.849,"body":"radiation ignition and not,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1530.853,"endTime":1533.849,"body":"There must be a combination."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1533.879,"endTime":1536.169,"body":"I mean, there's always gonna"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1533.879,"endTime":1536.169,"body":"be radiation at the same time."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1536.169,"endTime":1538.969,"body":"The the items are, um,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1536.169,"endTime":1538.969,"body":"the flames impinging or"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1538.969,"endTime":1541.689,"body":"you have preheating and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1538.969,"endTime":1541.689,"body":"then the flame ignites it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1541.939,"endTime":1543.769,"body":"So it's, it's between those two."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1544.059,"endTime":1547.169,"body":"Um, as I said, there probably"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1544.059,"endTime":1547.169,"body":"is some, some branding as well."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1547.169,"endTime":1550.969,"body":"But if flame impingement"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1547.169,"endTime":1550.969,"body":"appears, in my opinion, to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1551.129,"endTime":1554.013,"body":"dominate, the, the settlements"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1551.129,"endTime":1554.013,"body":"are so complex and so"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1554.013,"endTime":1556.653,"body":"many materials and so many"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1554.013,"endTime":1556.653,"body":"different flames going in"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1556.653,"endTime":1557.893,"body":"different directions"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1556.653,"endTime":1557.893,"body":"that you would"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1557.893,"endTime":1558.173,"body":"find"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1558.173,"endTime":1559.093,"body":"exceptions to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1559.115,"endTime":1559.374,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1559.555,"endTime":1562.234,"body":"but then again, If you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1559.555,"endTime":1562.234,"body":"could consider single ones"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1562.234,"endTime":1566.354,"body":"from this experiment, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1562.234,"endTime":1566.354,"body":"how long would one last,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1566.354,"endTime":1567.354,"body":"like two, three minutes,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1567.391,"endTime":1569.081,"body":"Yeah, you're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1567.391,"endTime":1569.081,"body":"talking a couple of minutes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1569.091,"endTime":1571.961,"body":"So often you'll have collapse"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1569.091,"endTime":1571.961,"body":"five minutes, 10 minutes"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1571.961,"endTime":1573.961,"body":"after ignition, especially"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1571.961,"endTime":1573.961,"body":"when it's like timber."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1574.031,"endTime":1576.841,"body":"I mean, the panel's falling"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1574.031,"endTime":1576.841,"body":"apart, but it, it depends"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1576.841,"endTime":1578.801,"body":"in real settlements,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1576.841,"endTime":1578.801,"body":"how people have built."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1578.801,"endTime":1581.601,"body":"Some people, man, they,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1578.801,"endTime":1581.601,"body":"they build really well, and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1581.601,"endTime":1582.641,"body":"those, those homes are solid."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1582.641,"endTime":1584.161,"body":"They'll burn out, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1582.641,"endTime":1584.161,"body":"they'll stay standing."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1584.281,"endTime":1588.341,"body":"Other homes, I mean, People"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1584.281,"endTime":1588.341,"body":"have put access to materials."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1588.731,"endTime":1590.661,"body":"I mean, they'll fall"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1588.731,"endTime":1590.661,"body":"apart within minutes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1591.201,"endTime":1594.061,"body":"And especially when someone,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1591.201,"endTime":1594.061,"body":"you've got a small dwelling,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1594.061,"endTime":1597.061,"body":"someone knocks over a para"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1594.061,"endTime":1597.061,"body":"stove, you're talking a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1597.061,"endTime":1600.381,"body":"minute to flash over from"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1597.061,"endTime":1600.381,"body":"ignition to maybe, you know,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1600.381,"endTime":1602.581,"body":"2, 3, 4 minutes, depending"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1600.381,"endTime":1602.581,"body":"on what's ignited first."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1602.751,"endTime":1603.661,"body":"So it, it moves."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1604.168,"endTime":1605.377,"body":"that are crazy times."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1605.377,"endTime":1607.25,"body":"And, I've been to some fires."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1607.25,"endTime":1609.41,"body":"I've seen some"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1607.25,"endTime":1609.41,"body":"exponentially growing fires."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1609.8,"endTime":1612.41,"body":"I know what you're talking"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1609.8,"endTime":1612.41,"body":"about that this, this bad"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1612.41,"endTime":1614.53,"body":"way is growing a little"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1612.41,"endTime":1614.53,"body":"quicker than we've expected."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1615.79,"endTime":1618.857,"body":"You feel the heat and Yeah, I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1615.79,"endTime":1618.857,"body":"know what you're talking about."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1618.927,"endTime":1621.537,"body":"Really interesting that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1618.927,"endTime":1621.537,"body":"this experiments, full scale"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1621.537,"endTime":1624.767,"body":"experiments happen and, It,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1621.537,"endTime":1624.767,"body":"it's really nice that, that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1624.767,"endTime":1627.847,"body":"this research also happens"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1624.767,"endTime":1627.847,"body":"when, where the problem"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1627.857,"endTime":1630.407,"body":"is because it gives you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1627.857,"endTime":1630.407,"body":"like local comprehension"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1630.617,"endTime":1631.887,"body":"of what the problem is."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1631.887,"endTime":1632.927,"body":"You, you see it every day."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1632.927,"endTime":1636.087,"body":"It's not, uh, a fancy"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1632.927,"endTime":1636.087,"body":"university from overseas"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1636.087,"endTime":1639.204,"body":"doing, uh, research under"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1636.087,"endTime":1639.204,"body":"polished campus and, doing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1639.204,"endTime":1640.714,"body":"this, building a going to."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1640.989,"endTime":1644.629,"body":"Castorama, whatever shops,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1640.989,"endTime":1644.629,"body":"building shops you have, buying"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1644.629,"endTime":1648.242,"body":"a bunch of good materials and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1644.629,"endTime":1648.242,"body":"wondering, this doesn't burn"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1648.242,"endTime":1650.782,"body":"that badly as they, as they"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1648.242,"endTime":1650.782,"body":"said, actually, I liked it"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1650.782,"endTime":1654.412,"body":"a lot Now, um, Before we've"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1650.782,"endTime":1654.412,"body":"talked, you've mentioned that,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1654.532,"endTime":1658.912,"body":"you have worked on a project"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1654.532,"endTime":1658.912,"body":"to deliver some guidance"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1659.162,"endTime":1664.432,"body":"related to building a more"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1659.162,"endTime":1664.432,"body":"fire, safe, uh, environment in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1664.432,"endTime":1666.512,"body":"this type of, of, of dwelling."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1666.512,"endTime":1668.192,"body":"So, so maybe let's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1666.512,"endTime":1668.192,"body":"venture there."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1668.372,"endTime":1670.432,"body":"How, how does this work started?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1670.672,"endTime":1673.992,"body":"Like whose initiative was"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1670.672,"endTime":1673.992,"body":"that and who paid for that?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1673.992,"endTime":1675.192,"body":"That's actually"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1673.992,"endTime":1675.192,"body":"quite interesting."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1675.479,"endTime":1676.789,"body":"so, well,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1675.479,"endTime":1676.789,"body":"a couple of things."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1676.789,"endTime":1679.829,"body":"So following Iris, I mean we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1676.789,"endTime":1679.829,"body":"had a project with University"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1680.029,"endTime":1683.389,"body":"Edinburgh, so various work done"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1680.029,"endTime":1683.389,"body":"together collaboratively and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1683.389,"endTime":1684.743,"body":"then, projects along the way."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1684.973,"endTime":1687.743,"body":"Then our Department of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1684.973,"endTime":1687.743,"body":"Human Settlements, the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1687.743,"endTime":1690.303,"body":"Western cap upon museum,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1687.743,"endTime":1690.303,"body":"government department, they"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1690.463,"endTime":1693.543,"body":"approached us and well, from"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1690.463,"endTime":1693.543,"body":"a relationship, they said,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1693.543,"endTime":1697.223,"body":"Well, could we provide some"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1693.543,"endTime":1697.223,"body":"guidance to help address the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1697.223,"endTime":1698.263,"body":"fire safety of these homes?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1698.263,"endTime":1699.583,"body":"Cause it's an ongoing challenge."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1700.163,"endTime":1704.188,"body":"And so, We started and then"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1700.163,"endTime":1704.188,"body":"started putting together and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1704.188,"endTime":1706.628,"body":"eventually actually became"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1704.188,"endTime":1706.628,"body":"a book that wasn't the, the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1706.628,"endTime":1708.828,"body":"option at the beginning, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1706.628,"endTime":1708.828,"body":"we published a book, it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1709.058,"endTime":1711.068,"body":"a fire safety engineering"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1709.058,"endTime":1711.068,"body":"guideline for formal"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1711.068,"endTime":1713.388,"body":"settlements, and we decided"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1711.068,"endTime":1713.388,"body":"to release it free of charge."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1713.63,"endTime":1715.481,"body":"but to make the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1713.63,"endTime":1715.481,"body":"project possible."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1715.481,"endTime":1718.361,"body":"At that time we also had funding"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1715.481,"endTime":1718.361,"body":"from the Lloyd's Register"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1718.361,"endTime":1721.281,"body":"Foundation, so we used that as"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1718.361,"endTime":1721.281,"body":"co-funding to make it possible."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1721.621,"endTime":1723.521,"body":"The first phase then"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1721.621,"endTime":1723.521,"body":"was a full book."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1723.521,"endTime":1727.178,"body":"Hundred and 30 pages are results"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1723.521,"endTime":1727.178,"body":"from various, experiments"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1727.178,"endTime":1728.538,"body":"and analyses and all sorts."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1728.718,"endTime":1731.438,"body":"Put in one place, but it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1728.718,"endTime":1731.438,"body":"written for practitioners,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1731.548,"endTime":1732.318,"body":"NGOs, et cetera."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1732.318,"endTime":1733.958,"body":"It's not a fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1732.318,"endTime":1733.958,"body":"science textbook."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1734.224,"endTime":1737.424,"body":"and then there was a second"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1734.224,"endTime":1737.424,"body":"phase, which has just been"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1737.424,"endTime":1740.624,"body":"wrapped up, and it's gonna be"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1737.424,"endTime":1740.624,"body":"launched shortly with training"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1740.694,"endTime":1742.818,"body":"videos, brochures and posters."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1742.818,"endTime":1744.338,"body":"So it's a range of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1742.818,"endTime":1744.338,"body":"training materials."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1744.338,"endTime":1745.298,"body":"Once again, everything free."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1745.668,"endTime":1748.298,"body":"Uh, same also funded by the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1745.668,"endTime":1748.298,"body":"Waste and Cape Department"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1748.298,"endTime":1749.978,"body":"of Human Settlements"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1748.298,"endTime":1749.978,"body":"and the Lloyds Register."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1750.548,"endTime":1754.383,"body":"So they, that is going to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1750.548,"endTime":1754.383,"body":"be, Imminently any day now,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1754.543,"endTime":1756.663,"body":"probably early next year,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1754.543,"endTime":1756.663,"body":"South Africa shuts down"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1756.663,"endTime":1757.783,"body":"like totally over December."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1757.783,"endTime":1758.623,"body":"Nothing happens then."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1759.396,"endTime":1761.806,"body":"it's, it's it's Christmas"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1759.396,"endTime":1761.806,"body":"and it's our summer"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1761.806,"endTime":1762.366,"body":"holidays."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1762.376,"endTime":1763.086,"body":"So, Uh."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1763.086,"endTime":1764.486,"body":"it's, it's the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1763.086,"endTime":1764.486,"body":"same thing as July."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1764.486,"endTime":1767.896,"body":"And in Europe or August, So"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1764.486,"endTime":1767.896,"body":"that'll be, be out shortly"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1767.896,"endTime":1770.376,"body":"with a, um, excellent,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1767.896,"endTime":1770.376,"body":"uh, photographer or,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1770.376,"endTime":1772.936,"body":"um, videographer, Justin"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1770.376,"endTime":1772.936,"body":"Sullivan, who has real"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1772.936,"endTime":1775.816,"body":"life footage in settlements"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1772.936,"endTime":1775.816,"body":"from when they're burning."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1776.026,"endTime":1778.576,"body":"So the images you see are,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1776.026,"endTime":1778.576,"body":"they are frightening when you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1778.776,"endTime":1781.016,"body":"actually see people running"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1778.776,"endTime":1781.016,"body":"around homes burning Yeah."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1781.326,"endTime":1783.496,"body":"Real incidents and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1781.326,"endTime":1783.496,"body":"what's happening."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1783.496,"endTime":1785.993,"body":"And that's used to tell"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1783.496,"endTime":1785.993,"body":"the story and, develop"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1785.993,"endTime":1786.273,"body":"the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1786.353,"endTime":1786.473,"body":"training."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1787.065,"endTime":1788.385,"body":"it's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1787.065,"endTime":1788.385,"body":"brilliant idea that you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1788.445,"endTime":1791.304,"body":"not only settle on a book,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1788.445,"endTime":1791.304,"body":"but go with, uh, videos,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1791.304,"endTime":1794.765,"body":"instruction material that,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1791.304,"endTime":1794.765,"body":"that will make the book alive."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1794.765,"endTime":1796.765,"body":"That, that will make"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1794.765,"endTime":1796.765,"body":"the book, book go on."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1797.175,"endTime":1799.939,"body":"So, please introduce me like"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1797.175,"endTime":1799.939,"body":"to, to this framework, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1799.939,"endTime":1802.019,"body":"like where does even one start?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1802.019,"endTime":1803.659,"body":"When, when they"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1802.019,"endTime":1803.659,"body":"want to, to make."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1804.015,"endTime":1806.845,"body":"An effect on, on local"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1804.015,"endTime":1806.845,"body":"community or, or want"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1806.845,"endTime":1807.205,"body":"to help."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1807.533,"endTime":1809.703,"body":"I think one"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1807.533,"endTime":1809.703,"body":"of the first things is that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1809.703,"endTime":1813.066,"body":"people think fire safety is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1809.703,"endTime":1813.066,"body":"about some silver bullet."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1813.256,"endTime":1814.866,"body":"That there's some magical thing."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1814.916,"endTime":1820.626,"body":"If I issue gadget A paint B"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1814.916,"endTime":1820.626,"body":"layout C to the community, we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1820.626,"endTime":1822.346,"body":"can make fire problems go away."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1822.346,"endTime":1825.786,"body":"And I think the biggest message"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1822.346,"endTime":1825.786,"body":"we're trying to communicate"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1825.786,"endTime":1828.786,"body":"is what fire safety codes have"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1825.786,"endTime":1828.786,"body":"been saying all along, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1828.786,"endTime":1829.546,"body":"they've just never said it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1829.546,"endTime":1832.186,"body":"To inform settlements is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1829.546,"endTime":1832.186,"body":"this is not a quick fix,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1832.186,"endTime":1833.706,"body":"this is not, You can walk in."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1834.686,"endTime":1836.436,"body":"Do one thing, walk"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1834.686,"endTime":1836.436,"body":"away, and it's done."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1836.806,"endTime":1841.676,"body":"It requires a holistic,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1836.806,"endTime":1841.676,"body":"ongoing, intensive effort to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1841.676,"endTime":1843.316,"body":"reduce the number of incidents."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1843.406,"endTime":1847.796,"body":"So we can't take a hundred fires"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1843.406,"endTime":1847.796,"body":"and suddenly have zero fires."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1847.796,"endTime":1850.276,"body":"We can maybe take a hundred"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1847.796,"endTime":1850.276,"body":"fires in our 50, 50 years."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1850.276,"endTime":1851.796,"body":"We're still way too"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1850.276,"endTime":1851.796,"body":"high, but hey, it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1851.796,"endTime":1852.396,"body":"least it's not a hundred."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1852.806,"endTime":1858.173,"body":"So the idea is, how do we start"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1852.806,"endTime":1858.173,"body":"tackling multiple aspects and."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1858.219,"endTime":1860.699,"body":"Guidelines are provided"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1858.219,"endTime":1860.699,"body":"regarding looking at all the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1860.699,"endTime":1863.019,"body":"different aspects you face,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1860.699,"endTime":1863.019,"body":"whether it's risk of ignition."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1863.019,"endTime":1865.339,"body":"Now what are, what is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1863.019,"endTime":1865.339,"body":"causing the fires and how"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1865.339,"endTime":1866.459,"body":"do we start reducing that?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1866.459,"endTime":1867.459,"body":"How do the fire spread?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1867.459,"endTime":1869.619,"body":"So how can we improve"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1867.459,"endTime":1869.619,"body":"construction materials?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1869.971,"endTime":1871.026,"body":"what products do we use?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1871.156,"endTime":1873.066,"body":"Layouts, What sort"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1871.156,"endTime":1873.066,"body":"of safety distances?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1873.451,"endTime":1875.921,"body":"In reality often can't get"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1873.451,"endTime":1875.921,"body":"those safety distances."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1875.921,"endTime":1876.841,"body":"They're just too many people."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1877.381,"endTime":1880.041,"body":"But if you can, where"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1877.381,"endTime":1880.041,"body":"should you put them?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1880.041,"endTime":1882.641,"body":"I mean, we were in a community"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1880.041,"endTime":1882.641,"body":"last week and working with"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1882.641,"endTime":1885.281,"body":"the community, looking at re"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1882.641,"endTime":1885.281,"body":"blocking, literally moving"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1885.281,"endTime":1887.681,"body":"little blocks around a community"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1885.281,"endTime":1887.681,"body":"saying, Okay, where, What"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1887.681,"endTime":1889.001,"body":"safety distances do we have?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1889.581,"endTime":1890.001,"body":"And."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1890.428,"endTime":1893.918,"body":"Then just realizing it's an"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1890.428,"endTime":1893.918,"body":"ongoing effort from many people,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1894.338,"endTime":1898.118,"body":"and I suppose a different"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1894.338,"endTime":1898.118,"body":"perspective is what a friend"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1898.348,"endTime":1900.318,"body":"once described her job as is."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1900.318,"endTime":1903.878,"body":"Sometimes we can just be a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1900.318,"endTime":1903.878,"body":"hand break on stupidity in"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1903.878,"endTime":1905.558,"body":"that if all we do is stop."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1906.028,"endTime":1907.648,"body":"Bad solutions from happening."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1907.648,"endTime":1910.488,"body":"I think it's a step forward"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1907.648,"endTime":1910.488,"body":"because a big incident"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1910.488,"endTime":1913.168,"body":"happens, The politicians"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1910.488,"endTime":1913.168,"body":"are under pressure."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1913.298,"endTime":1917.604,"body":"So a great salesman arrive,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1913.298,"endTime":1917.604,"body":"sells the gadget you know,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1917.754,"endTime":1920.484,"body":"a ball that you throw in"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1917.754,"endTime":1920.484,"body":"and explodes and Hey, it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1920.484,"endTime":1921.244,"body":"gonna put out the fire."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1921.244,"endTime":1922.164,"body":"And we test them."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1922.164,"endTime":1922.764,"body":"Like, no, it's not."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1923.254,"endTime":1926.684,"body":"So, even if it's just"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1923.254,"endTime":1926.684,"body":"stopping bad interventions"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1926.684,"endTime":1929.204,"body":"because it's, it's rife with"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1926.684,"endTime":1929.204,"body":"bad interventions and quick"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1929.204,"endTime":1931.564,"body":"fixes, so, well, no,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1929.204,"endTime":1931.564,"body":"that's not gonna fix it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1931.564,"endTime":1932.244,"body":"But hey, let's."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1932.344,"endTime":1934.024,"body":"Put a little bit of more"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1932.344,"endTime":1934.024,"body":"effort into the water"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1934.024,"endTime":1935.584,"body":"infrastructure, into homes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1935.954,"endTime":1939.744,"body":"If we are gonna get smoke"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1935.954,"endTime":1939.744,"body":"detector devices or P"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1939.904,"endTime":1942.344,"body":"detector devices, which"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1939.904,"endTime":1942.344,"body":"homes should they go into?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1942.344,"endTime":1944.504,"body":"Let's target the high"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1942.344,"endTime":1944.504,"body":"risk community homes,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1944.504,"endTime":1945.624,"body":"the dense settlements."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1945.994,"endTime":1948.624,"body":"So big picture, putting"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1945.994,"endTime":1948.624,"body":"it all together and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1949.134,"endTime":1950.584,"body":"slowly working at it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1950.584,"endTime":1952.664,"body":"And also building relationship"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1950.584,"endTime":1952.664,"body":"with the fire department."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1952.664,"endTime":1954.024,"body":"The fire department are key."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1954.214,"endTime":1955.624,"body":"They arrive and they get stone."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1955.734,"endTime":1958.334,"body":"Bricks because of a whole"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1955.734,"endTime":1958.334,"body":"bunch of things we can"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1958.334,"endTime":1959.414,"body":"maybe chat about just now."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1959.414,"endTime":1960.534,"body":"It's, it's a bit of a mess."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1960.534,"endTime":1963.454,"body":"And often it's not something"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1960.534,"endTime":1963.454,"body":"they've done wrong, but it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1963.454,"endTime":1966.494,"body":"just perceptions about who they"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1963.454,"endTime":1966.494,"body":"are, what they do, and yeah,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1966.494,"endTime":1967.614,"body":"no, you're not giving us enough."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1968.019,"endTime":1968.689,"body":"Service."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1969.019,"endTime":1971.289,"body":"So the, it's a range of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1969.019,"endTime":1971.289,"body":"things, but I'd say it's, it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1971.289,"endTime":1973.249,"body":"a basket of interventions."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1973.249,"endTime":1975.689,"body":"It's not one thing and it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1973.249,"endTime":1975.689,"body":"not quick, it's not cheap."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1976.056,"endTime":1978.596,"body":"and it's often symptoms"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1976.056,"endTime":1978.596,"body":"of other issues."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1978.606,"endTime":1981.556,"body":"So can fire be part of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1978.606,"endTime":1981.556,"body":"the conversation when"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1981.556,"endTime":1982.636,"body":"we're gonna upgrade homes?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1982.636,"endTime":1985.386,"body":"Can fire be part of the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1982.636,"endTime":1985.386,"body":"conversation when, Workers go"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1985.386,"endTime":1988.026,"body":"into the community to provide"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1985.386,"endTime":1988.026,"body":"water, to provide electrical"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1988.026,"endTime":1991.659,"body":"infrastructure, to look into"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1988.026,"endTime":1991.659,"body":"the high risk homes, and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1991.979,"endTime":1994.059,"body":"identify, oh, you know, here's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1991.979,"endTime":1994.059,"body":"a home with al alcoholism."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1994.059,"endTime":1994.979,"body":"Where's a big issue?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1994.979,"endTime":1996.539,"body":"Maybe that's the home"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1994.979,"endTime":1996.539,"body":"that should get the first"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1997.059,"endTime":1999.299,"body":"detector devices, if we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1997.059,"endTime":1999.299,"body":"are gonna put those in."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1999.389,"endTime":2001.499,"body":"So those are sort of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":1999.389,"endTime":2001.499,"body":"things that we can start"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2001.499,"endTime":2001.779,"body":"looking"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2001.779,"endTime":2002.299,"body":"towards."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2002.78,"endTime":2005.314,"body":"And, to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2002.78,"endTime":2005.314,"body":"what extent the, I don't know"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2005.314,"endTime":2006.914,"body":"even who city, the society."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2007.364,"endTime":2010.604,"body":"Works on, on improving the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2007.364,"endTime":2010.604,"body":"conditions in the settlements."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2010.604,"endTime":2013.564,"body":"Like, like would the city"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2010.604,"endTime":2013.564,"body":"put in, I dunno, a new"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2013.564,"endTime":2016.933,"body":"pipes, a new electrical"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2013.564,"endTime":2016.933,"body":"line that's underground and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2016.94,"endTime":2018.794,"body":"to, to help fix the issue?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2019.064,"endTime":2021.987,"body":"I guess Then that's when you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2019.064,"endTime":2021.987,"body":"can re intervene, Maybe try"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2021.987,"endTime":2024.907,"body":"to change the density, try"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2021.987,"endTime":2024.907,"body":"to build some separations."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2025.677,"endTime":2026.667,"body":"Is, is this how you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2026.667,"endTime":2027.067,"body":"intervene?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2027.377,"endTime":2028.006,"body":"it depends."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2028.006,"endTime":2030.166,"body":"Cause I think you make"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2028.006,"endTime":2030.166,"body":"a very good point is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2030.166,"endTime":2031.366,"body":"who, who's involved."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2031.366,"endTime":2034.006,"body":"And one of the problems is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2031.366,"endTime":2034.006,"body":"multiple groups are involved."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2034.006,"endTime":2035.766,"body":"For instance, you have"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2034.006,"endTime":2035.766,"body":"the Department of Human"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2035.766,"endTime":2038.846,"body":"Settlements who overseas, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2035.766,"endTime":2038.846,"body":"then you've got Department"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2038.846,"endTime":2039.846,"body":"of Water and Sanitation."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2039.846,"endTime":2040.966,"body":"It provides water"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2039.846,"endTime":2040.966,"body":"infrastructure."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2040.966,"endTime":2044.086,"body":"You've got electrical"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2040.966,"endTime":2044.086,"body":"supply, you have, um, health."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2044.336,"endTime":2044.966,"body":"So you have."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2045.421,"endTime":2048.031,"body":"A whole bunch of groups,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2045.421,"endTime":2048.031,"body":"including communities, and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2048.031,"endTime":2050.898,"body":"often we kind of miss, we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2048.031,"endTime":2050.898,"body":"think of this community"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2050.898,"endTime":2053.418,"body":"as this homogenous, all"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2050.898,"endTime":2053.418,"body":"think the same, all do the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2053.418,"endTime":2054.258,"body":"thing, which is not true."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2054.258,"endTime":2057.338,"body":"I mean, the, the communities"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2054.258,"endTime":2057.338,"body":"are just like you and me."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2057.438,"endTime":2059.778,"body":"You know, I vote for you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2057.438,"endTime":2059.778,"body":"A, and you vote for B"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2059.778,"endTime":2060.658,"body":"and we don't get along."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2060.658,"endTime":2060.938,"body":"And"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2060.938,"endTime":2062.738,"body":"I'm trying to get my"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2060.938,"endTime":2062.738,"body":"political party now to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2062.738,"endTime":2064.778,"body":"be the representative"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2062.738,"endTime":2064.778,"body":"so we don't get along."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2065.238,"endTime":2069.138,"body":"And that influences community"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2065.238,"endTime":2069.138,"body":"cohesion and approaches."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2069.548,"endTime":2071.458,"body":"So many groups involved."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2072.806,"endTime":2074.726,"body":"Normally it comes more"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2072.806,"endTime":2074.726,"body":"from your department, human"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2074.726,"endTime":2078.053,"body":"settlements, et cetera, the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2074.726,"endTime":2078.053,"body":"upgrading, but it, it requires"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2078.333,"endTime":2079.173,"body":"multiple people involved."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2079.173,"endTime":2081.453,"body":"So that's one of, well, one"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2079.173,"endTime":2081.453,"body":"of the big problems, it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2081.613,"endTime":2083.453,"body":"everyone's problem and no"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2081.613,"endTime":2083.453,"body":"one's problem all at once."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2084.183,"endTime":2086.653,"body":"So it's kinda like, Hey,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2084.183,"endTime":2086.653,"body":"well it's not exactly my"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2086.653,"endTime":2088.693,"body":"problem, so I'm gonna leave"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2086.653,"endTime":2088.693,"body":"it for the fire department"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2088.693,"endTime":2089.613,"body":"cause it's a fire thing."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2089.613,"endTime":2090.533,"body":"So they must fall in this."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2090.668,"endTime":2092.828,"body":"Fight upon, Well, it's spreads"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2090.668,"endTime":2092.828,"body":"so much because it's a home"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2092.828,"endTime":2096.378,"body":"problem, so it's someone"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2092.828,"endTime":2096.378,"body":"else's, it falls between"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2096.778,"endTime":2099.298,"body":"multiple groups, which makes"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2096.778,"endTime":2099.298,"body":"it more difficult to address"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2099.298,"endTime":2100.338,"body":"and slower to address."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2100.708,"endTime":2102.818,"body":"So that, that's gonna"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2100.708,"endTime":2102.818,"body":"be an ongoing problem we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2102.818,"endTime":2102.978,"body":"have"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2102.978,"endTime":2103.578,"body":"for forevermore."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2103.971,"endTime":2105.729,"body":"who, who's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2103.971,"endTime":2105.729,"body":"the target that you would like"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2105.729,"endTime":2107.529,"body":"to aim with with this knowledge?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2107.799,"endTime":2111.022,"body":"I mean, is it an individual,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2107.799,"endTime":2111.022,"body":"owner of a, a household?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2111.352,"endTime":2112.942,"body":"Is it the local authorities?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2112.942,"endTime":2114.182,"body":"Is it the fire department?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2114.529,"endTime":2117.955,"body":"if one in a hundred people"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2114.529,"endTime":2117.955,"body":"redesigned their settlement"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2117.955,"endTime":2119.355,"body":"to, to become safer?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2120.61,"endTime":2123.82,"body":"This does not, this is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2120.61,"endTime":2123.82,"body":"your houses that stood"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2123.82,"endTime":2124.78,"body":"after an experiment."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2124.78,"endTime":2126.98,"body":"You know, it's, it doesn't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2124.78,"endTime":2126.98,"body":"change the landscape."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2127.195,"endTime":2131.02,"body":"Then again, uh, if an authority"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2127.195,"endTime":2131.02,"body":"goes and would say, I have"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2131.02,"endTime":2134.194,"body":"to rebuild a square kilometer"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2131.02,"endTime":2134.194,"body":"of, of city infrastructure,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2134.194,"endTime":2136.434,"body":"roads, uh, water, electricity."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2137.049,"endTime":2139.769,"body":"There's no money to, to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2137.049,"endTime":2139.769,"body":"do that on that scale."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2139.899,"endTime":2143.099,"body":"So which quarter I'm gonna"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2139.899,"endTime":2143.099,"body":"start with, and once they"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2143.099,"endTime":2146.499,"body":"start their probably d"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2143.099,"endTime":2146.499,"body":"density will dramatically"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2146.659,"endTime":2147.419,"body":"increase in that area."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2147.419,"endTime":2149.539,"body":"Then firefighters"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2147.419,"endTime":2149.539,"body":"with their challenges."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2149.539,"endTime":2152.492,"body":"So that, that's, Wow, that's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2149.539,"endTime":2152.492,"body":"a, that's a hell of, political"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2152.882,"endTime":2155.045,"body":"landmine fields, to, to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2155.535,"endTime":2155.655,"body":"navigate."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2156.248,"endTime":2158.958,"body":"If in terms of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2156.248,"endTime":2158.958,"body":"targeting, what I'm hoping is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2158.958,"endTime":2161.438,"body":"that the work we've produced"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2158.958,"endTime":2161.438,"body":"will influence different groups."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2161.438,"endTime":2164.234,"body":"Firstly, as I said, Your"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2161.438,"endTime":2164.234,"body":"government departments,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2164.234,"endTime":2166.354,"body":"human settlements, water"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2164.234,"endTime":2166.354,"body":"and sanitation, et cetera,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2166.984,"endTime":2169.914,"body":"NGOs, there's a lot of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2166.984,"endTime":2169.914,"body":"non-governmental organizations,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2170.354,"endTime":2173.234,"body":"churches, different groups,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2170.354,"endTime":2173.234,"body":"active in communities, and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2173.234,"endTime":2174.394,"body":"they're not fire trained."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2174.394,"endTime":2176.634,"body":"But hey, if there's some basic"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2174.394,"endTime":2176.634,"body":"things that they can at least"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2176.634,"endTime":2179.874,"body":"think, gee, maybe putting"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2176.634,"endTime":2179.874,"body":"a spray on polyurethane on"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2179.874,"endTime":2182.234,"body":"people's walls is a bad idea"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2179.874,"endTime":2182.234,"body":"cause that has been done."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2182.724,"endTime":2184.954,"body":"So, you know, let's, let's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2182.724,"endTime":2184.954,"body":"spray on basically petrol"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2184.954,"endTime":2186.274,"body":"on people's walls"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2184.954,"endTime":2186.274,"body":"and see what happens."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2186.805,"endTime":2188.095,"body":"A petrol petrol that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2188.095,"endTime":2189.535,"body":"produces cyanide when burns"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2190.325,"endTime":2190.615,"body":"a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2190.615,"endTime":2191.335,"body":"better kind of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2191.335,"endTime":2191.695,"body":"petrol."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2191.736,"endTime":2193.729,"body":"I, we literally"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2191.736,"endTime":2193.729,"body":"had this conversation with"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2193.729,"endTime":2195.009,"body":"a, uh, an organization."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2195.009,"endTime":2197.169,"body":"They were doing it to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2195.009,"endTime":2197.169,"body":"offset carbon emissions."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2197.169,"endTime":2199.289,"body":"So they were insulating"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2197.169,"endTime":2199.289,"body":"people's homes and they had"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2199.289,"endTime":2200.609,"body":"a spray on polyurethane."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2200.979,"endTime":2203.359,"body":"And as they said, I was like,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2200.979,"endTime":2203.359,"body":"Wow, this is a bad idea."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2203.539,"endTime":2205.763,"body":"And, uh, the thing is,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2203.539,"endTime":2205.763,"body":"there's often no testing"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2205.973,"endTime":2207.763,"body":"because it's a deal system."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2207.763,"endTime":2208.403,"body":"You have."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2209.353,"endTime":2210.043,"body":"Informal"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2210.053,"endTime":2211.563,"body":"is, is inherently informal."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2211.563,"endTime":2214.083,"body":"There's no testing and no"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2211.563,"endTime":2214.083,"body":"requirements to roll out"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2214.083,"endTime":2215.203,"body":"something in a settlement."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2215.453,"endTime":2220.163,"body":"It, and you also, you can't"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2215.453,"endTime":2220.163,"body":"develop a dual standard system."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2220.543,"endTime":2222.803,"body":"You can't say, okay,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2220.543,"endTime":2222.803,"body":"formal homes require"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2222.823,"endTime":2224.083,"body":"the following standards."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2224.223,"endTime":2227.123,"body":"Hey, now we've got the second"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2224.223,"endTime":2227.123,"body":"code for informal settlements."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2227.123,"endTime":2228.483,"body":"So it's like a subclass,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2228.733,"endTime":2231.443,"body":"because then you're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2228.733,"endTime":2231.443,"body":"actually saying it's okay"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2231.443,"endTime":2233.436,"body":"to have substandard safety."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2233.719,"endTime":2234.666,"body":"Which doesn't exist."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2234.666,"endTime":2237.633,"body":"So either it's everything or"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2234.666,"endTime":2237.633,"body":"nothings developing something"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2237.633,"endTime":2239.189,"body":"in between is virtually"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2239.189,"endTime":2241.909,"body":"impossible because then it, it"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2239.189,"endTime":2241.909,"body":"calls into question the entire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2241.909,"endTime":2242.189,"body":"code."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2242.652,"endTime":2244.102,"body":"From the low framework"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2244.102,"endTime":2244.502,"body":"perspective."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2244.599,"endTime":2245.019,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2245.109,"endTime":2245.459,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2245.459,"endTime":2246.019,"body":"that, that's why"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2246.242,"endTime":2246.442,"body":"but"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2246.442,"endTime":2247.402,"body":"then again, you said that,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2247.402,"endTime":2251.002,"body":"uh, you know, you cannot solve a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2247.402,"endTime":2251.002,"body":"hundred out of a hundred fires,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2251.002,"endTime":2252.202,"body":"but even if you solve like 50,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2252.202,"endTime":2252.802,"body":"that's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2252.819,"endTime":2255.749,"body":"Yeah, that's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2252.819,"endTime":2255.749,"body":"why we intentionally call our"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2255.749,"endTime":2256.429,"body":"work guidelines."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2256.429,"endTime":2258.629,"body":"You can't actually call"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2256.429,"endTime":2258.629,"body":"it a code or a standard"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2258.679,"endTime":2261.823,"body":"because it can't be a dual"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2258.679,"endTime":2261.823,"body":"running, code environment."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2261.823,"endTime":2263.583,"body":"And people have proposed,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2261.823,"endTime":2263.583,"body":"Hey, let's have a code"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2263.583,"endTime":2266.143,"body":"for testing such and so"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2263.583,"endTime":2266.143,"body":"like, nope, not gonna work."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2266.143,"endTime":2268.023,"body":"You can at least have"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2266.143,"endTime":2268.023,"body":"a guideline like, Hey,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2268.023,"endTime":2270.543,"body":"testing this is, and you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2268.023,"endTime":2270.543,"body":"get such and results."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2271.068,"endTime":2271.978,"body":"Is is bad."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2272.228,"endTime":2275.458,"body":"We had discussions with guys"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2272.228,"endTime":2275.458,"body":"working in Bangladesh on"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2275.458,"endTime":2278.744,"body":"the ground, doing excellent"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2275.458,"endTime":2278.744,"body":"work in Cox's Baar, and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2278.744,"endTime":2280.944,"body":"they said, We've been issued"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2278.744,"endTime":2280.944,"body":"the following material."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2281.364,"endTime":2282.704,"body":"How can we test it?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2282.754,"endTime":2285.424,"body":"We don't have a standard that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2282.754,"endTime":2285.424,"body":"it has to adhere to, but we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2285.424,"endTime":2287.994,"body":"gave them some guidelines, us"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2285.424,"endTime":2287.994,"body":"and, Jim Milke from Maryland,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2287.994,"endTime":2290.914,"body":"some details went through"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2287.994,"endTime":2290.914,"body":"and they sent us videos and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2290.914,"endTime":2291.834,"body":"they did some excellent work."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2291.884,"endTime":2293.994,"body":"Um, Paul Chamberlain and the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2291.884,"endTime":2293.994,"body":"guys on the ground there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2294.684,"endTime":2297.634,"body":"It was just some quick testing"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2294.684,"endTime":2297.634,"body":"and went, Wow, this is probably"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2297.634,"endTime":2298.874,"body":"as worse than we thought."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2299.084,"endTime":2301.394,"body":"It didn't fail the test,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2299.084,"endTime":2301.394,"body":"cuz there isn't a test."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2301.394,"endTime":2303.114,"body":"But at least they could"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2301.394,"endTime":2303.114,"body":"go to the decision makers"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2303.114,"endTime":2306.154,"body":"and say, Guys, this we're,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2303.114,"endTime":2306.154,"body":"we're looking at problem"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2306.154,"endTime":2307.354,"body":"we're putting in sheeting."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2307.354,"endTime":2308.274,"body":"That is combustible."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2308.274,"endTime":2309.714,"body":"It's got hydrocarbons in."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2309.784,"endTime":2311.114,"body":"Look at the flame spread."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2311.574,"endTime":2312.274,"body":"Bad idea."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2312.274,"endTime":2313.354,"body":"Can we reconsider?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2313.564,"endTime":2315.994,"body":"So those are the sort of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2313.564,"endTime":2315.994,"body":"things that at least if the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2315.994,"endTime":2319.514,"body":"work can have some impact in"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2315.994,"endTime":2319.514,"body":"advising on what is probably"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2319.514,"endTime":2322.754,"body":"a per choice of materials,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2319.514,"endTime":2322.754,"body":"per choice of devices as it"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2322.754,"endTime":2324.594,"body":"also, I mean, throwing devices."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2324.594,"endTime":2325.234,"body":"It was great."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2325.234,"endTime":2326.954,"body":"I mean, a company was"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2325.234,"endTime":2326.954,"body":"selling these little."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2327.936,"endTime":2330.346,"body":"little ball, you throw it"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2327.936,"endTime":2330.346,"body":"in, it's got a dry chemical"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2330.346,"endTime":2331.786,"body":"powder and basically blows up."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2332.286,"endTime":2334.046,"body":"And, I mean, I've seen"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2332.286,"endTime":2334.046,"body":"them, They, they look"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2334.046,"endTime":2335.566,"body":"great on the internet, man."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2335.566,"endTime":2336.486,"body":"You throw it into a little"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2336.486,"endTime":2338.166,"body":"contained box and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2336.486,"endTime":2338.166,"body":"bang, the fire's gone."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2338.186,"endTime":2340.006,"body":"And so we did, we built"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2338.186,"endTime":2340.006,"body":"a full scale home."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2340.006,"endTime":2342.566,"body":"We threw in 10 of these"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2340.006,"endTime":2342.566,"body":"things and it didn't even"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2342.566,"endTime":2344.566,"body":"vaguely put out the fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2342.566,"endTime":2344.566,"body":"cause we'd knock it locally."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2344.566,"endTime":2347.206,"body":"Everything was above"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2344.566,"endTime":2347.206,"body":"spontaneous ignition, so the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2347.206,"endTime":2350.566,"body":"fire just kept coming back"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2347.206,"endTime":2350.566,"body":"and, and stuff like that at."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2350.908,"endTime":2354.148,"body":"Shows to decision makers"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2350.908,"endTime":2354.148,"body":"that that may not be"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2354.148,"endTime":2355.308,"body":"effective for what we want."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2355.448,"endTime":2358.708,"body":"For a small fire, when you've"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2355.448,"endTime":2358.708,"body":"got really good aim where"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2358.708,"endTime":2360.748,"body":"you can throw like a baseball"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2358.708,"endTime":2360.748,"body":"player, you know that,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2360.748,"endTime":2363.788,"body":"that's fine, but if you're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2360.748,"endTime":2363.788,"body":"under pressure and you miss and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2363.788,"endTime":2366.068,"body":"it's a big fire, you're, you're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2363.788,"endTime":2366.068,"body":"basically wasting your money."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2366.068,"endTime":2369.188,"body":"So that's where we're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2366.068,"endTime":2369.188,"body":"hoping the guidelines have"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2369.188,"endTime":2370.588,"body":"impact, that it can inform."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2371.208,"endTime":2374.788,"body":"Any decision about fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2371.208,"endTime":2374.788,"body":"safety devices, decisions,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2374.788,"endTime":2375.628,"body":"layouts, et cetera."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2375.688,"endTime":2377.428,"body":"But it's not gonna be"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2375.688,"endTime":2377.428,"body":"a miraculous thing."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2377.428,"endTime":2380.748,"body":"It's not gonna happen quickly,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2377.428,"endTime":2380.748,"body":"and any impact is at least"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2380.748,"endTime":2382.108,"body":"more than than we used"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2382.108,"endTime":2382.386,"body":"to have."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2382.514,"endTime":2383.104,"body":"Um, that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2383.104,"endTime":2383.624,"body":"that's our hope."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2383.876,"endTime":2385.502,"body":"now,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2383.876,"endTime":2385.502,"body":"now you started talking"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2385.502,"endTime":2389.319,"body":"about fire brigade and the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2385.502,"endTime":2389.319,"body":"challenges, they face like How,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2389.319,"endTime":2391.799,"body":"how big is the possibilities"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2389.319,"endTime":2391.799,"body":"on the intervention side?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2391.799,"endTime":2395.789,"body":"Like to what extent you can"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2391.799,"endTime":2395.789,"body":"even intervene in there uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2396.209,"endTime":2398.809,"body":"like if I, my house was"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2396.209,"endTime":2398.809,"body":"burning, I would expect"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2398.809,"endTime":2401.889,"body":"15 minutes later there's a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2398.809,"endTime":2401.889,"body":"fire department at my house."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2402.119,"endTime":2406.689,"body":"30 minutes into the event, it"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2402.119,"endTime":2406.689,"body":"should be under control because"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2406.689,"endTime":2408.209,"body":"they already have water inside."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2408.209,"endTime":2410.849,"body":"They have recognition"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2408.209,"endTime":2410.849,"body":"sounds that they know what's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2410.849,"endTime":2412.209,"body":"happening around that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2412.209,"endTime":2413.009,"body":"That's what I would."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2413.684,"endTime":2418.354,"body":"In here, I guess the expectation"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2413.684,"endTime":2418.354,"body":"in an informal layout, like to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2418.354,"endTime":2421.714,"body":"start even with, to what extent"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2418.354,"endTime":2421.714,"body":"they know the layout of the,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2421.714,"endTime":2423.914,"body":"of the informal settlement,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2421.714,"endTime":2423.914,"body":"because it's, it's live, right?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2423.996,"endTime":2425.306,"body":"So there,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2423.996,"endTime":2425.306,"body":"there are a couple of things."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2425.306,"endTime":2427.586,"body":"Firstly, one of the big"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2425.306,"endTime":2427.586,"body":"headaches, and I'm hoping"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2427.586,"endTime":2429.626,"body":"our country can fix it"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2427.586,"endTime":2429.626,"body":"soon, is we don't have"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2429.626,"endTime":2432.266,"body":"a unified 9 1 1 number."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2432.876,"endTime":2436.421,"body":"So, There's actually a 10"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2432.876,"endTime":2436.421,"body":"digit number you're supposed"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2436.421,"endTime":2440.901,"body":"to call, for instance, uh, for"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2436.421,"endTime":2440.901,"body":"Cape Town oh 2 1 4 8 0 7 oh."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2440.901,"endTime":2442.181,"body":"And if I asked"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2440.901,"endTime":2442.181,"body":"you to repeat that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2442.181,"endTime":2443.061,"body":"number to me now, you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2443.061,"endTime":2444.661,"body":"wouldn't be able to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2443.061,"endTime":2444.661,"body":"repeat what I just said."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2445.394,"endTime":2448.151,"body":"so most people don't know"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2445.394,"endTime":2448.151,"body":"the fire department number."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2448.151,"endTime":2450.351,"body":"There is a shorter version,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2448.151,"endTime":2450.351,"body":"but sometimes that doesn't"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2450.351,"endTime":2452.351,"body":"work for, from cellular phones."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2453.741,"endTime":2456.751,"body":"A regular headache we have is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2453.741,"endTime":2456.751,"body":"people phone the police, then"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2456.751,"endTime":2460.591,"body":"the police are obliged to go"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2456.751,"endTime":2460.591,"body":"out, investigate it and relay"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2460.591,"endTime":2461.591,"body":"it to the fire department."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2461.591,"endTime":2462.831,"body":"So that may add 15"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2462.831,"endTime":2463.751,"body":"minutes or 20 minutes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2464.211,"endTime":2467.511,"body":"And so that is something"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2464.211,"endTime":2467.511,"body":"that we have to solve from"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2467.511,"endTime":2469.111,"body":"government level, a unified."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2469.281,"endTime":2472.361,"body":"Call out number independent"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2469.281,"endTime":2472.361,"body":"of that, then Yes."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2472.381,"endTime":2474.841,"body":"Are some fire departments"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2472.381,"endTime":2474.841,"body":"are very good."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2474.841,"endTime":2477.001,"body":"They respond quickly,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2474.841,"endTime":2477.001,"body":"they're well trained."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2477.116,"endTime":2479.494,"body":"Um, they lack resources, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2477.116,"endTime":2479.494,"body":"they're really doing a good job."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2479.494,"endTime":2481.174,"body":"I mean, I've been very"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2479.494,"endTime":2481.174,"body":"impressed with a lot of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2481.174,"endTime":2483.654,"body":"what city of Cape Town,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2481.174,"endTime":2483.654,"body":"Brita Valley are, are doing."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2483.974,"endTime":2487.414,"body":"Other cities, they have six"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2483.974,"endTime":2487.414,"body":"fire trucks for population"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2487.414,"endTime":2488.134,"body":"with a few million."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2488.591,"endTime":2491.604,"body":"it's frightening the, the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2488.591,"endTime":2491.604,"body":"level of, services that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2491.604,"endTime":2492.244,"body":"they're able to offer."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2492.849,"endTime":2496.499,"body":"When they arrive, the timeline"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2492.849,"endTime":2496.499,"body":"looks a little different"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2496.499,"endTime":2498.779,"body":"because normally you arrive"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2496.499,"endTime":2498.779,"body":"at an address, but imagine"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2498.779,"endTime":2501.859,"body":"you get called out to a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2498.779,"endTime":2501.859,"body":"settlement and you can see"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2501.859,"endTime":2504.859,"body":"the fire in the distance"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2501.859,"endTime":2504.859,"body":"maybe, but you like, How on"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2504.859,"endTime":2505.859,"body":"earth do I even get there?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2505.909,"endTime":2507.619,"body":"Because sometimes"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2505.909,"endTime":2507.619,"body":"there isn't formal"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2507.619,"endTime":2509.179,"body":"infrastructure to get there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2509.549,"endTime":2513.419,"body":"If now also the community"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2509.549,"endTime":2513.419,"body":"phone, the police department,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2513.419,"endTime":2515.099,"body":"the police department"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2513.419,"endTime":2515.099,"body":"came, You are now."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2515.329,"endTime":2519.449,"body":"30 minutes late, you may be"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2515.329,"endTime":2519.449,"body":"three minutes from call out,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2519.449,"endTime":2521.489,"body":"but you're 30 minutes late"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2519.449,"endTime":2521.489,"body":"according to the community."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2521.499,"endTime":2524.129,"body":"So they start throwing"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2521.499,"endTime":2524.129,"body":"rocks at you and now you're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2524.129,"endTime":2527.089,"body":"trying to defend yourself"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2524.129,"endTime":2527.089,"body":"from the community and you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2527.089,"endTime":2529.409,"body":"know, run hoses and you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2527.089,"endTime":2529.409,"body":"can't find the hydrants."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2529.439,"endTime":2532.809,"body":"Then you're trying to get"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2529.439,"endTime":2532.809,"body":"the trucks in and you've got"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2532.809,"endTime":2534.649,"body":"low hanging electrical lines."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2534.649,"endTime":2536.529,"body":"You actually can't get"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2534.649,"endTime":2536.529,"body":"your truck through or you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2536.529,"endTime":2538.409,"body":"just have to drive through"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2536.529,"endTime":2538.409,"body":"electrical lines and hope you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2538.409,"endTime":2539.409,"body":"don't electrocute yourself."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2539.949,"endTime":2542.629,"body":"And then, You set up your hoses."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2542.629,"endTime":2545.309,"body":"You ran your hoses, and a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2542.629,"endTime":2545.309,"body":"big challenge they find is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2545.309,"endTime":2548.269,"body":"that people are desperate"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2545.309,"endTime":2548.269,"body":"and so they see a hose,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2548.329,"endTime":2551.229,"body":"but the fire department is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2548.329,"endTime":2551.229,"body":"strategically putting out"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2551.309,"endTime":2553.549,"body":"fires, but not your home."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2553.719,"endTime":2556.373,"body":"My home's burning, but they're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2553.719,"endTime":2556.373,"body":"putting out a home Two away."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2556.643,"endTime":2558.773,"body":"I see the, see the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2556.643,"endTime":2558.773,"body":"hose, I've got a knife."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2558.773,"endTime":2560.173,"body":"I wanna save everything I own."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2560.173,"endTime":2563.293,"body":"So I slash the hose and I turn"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2560.173,"endTime":2563.293,"body":"the hose onto my dwelling."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2563.403,"endTime":2565.133,"body":"Suddenly the water"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2563.403,"endTime":2565.133,"body":"is everywhere."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2565.133,"endTime":2567.213,"body":"You drain the tanker,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2565.133,"endTime":2567.213,"body":"it's a total mess."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2567.213,"endTime":2568.493,"body":"You gotta run new hoses."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2568.783,"endTime":2573.053,"body":"So cutting of hoses is a big"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2568.783,"endTime":2573.053,"body":"deal, and it appears, it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2573.053,"endTime":2574.213,"body":"mainly just out of desperation."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2574.493,"endTime":2576.173,"body":"There's, there's no data on it."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2577.363,"endTime":2579.973,"body":"I mean, I saw a very"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2577.363,"endTime":2579.973,"body":"interesting one further just"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2579.973,"endTime":2582.373,"body":"in terms of life safety that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2579.973,"endTime":2582.373,"body":"a colleague of mine, or friend"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2582.373,"endTime":2586.293,"body":"of mine is a firefighter,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2582.373,"endTime":2586.293,"body":"and we've recently had a lot"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2586.293,"endTime":2587.293,"body":"of blackouts in the country."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2587.463,"endTime":2591.579,"body":"So a entrepreneurial community"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2587.463,"endTime":2591.579,"body":"resident was selling gas"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2591.579,"endTime":2592.779,"body":"bottles into the community."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2592.869,"endTime":2593.779,"body":"So they had about."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2594.501,"endTime":2599.071,"body":"20 LP gas bottles in their"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2594.501,"endTime":2599.071,"body":"home and that home caught"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2599.071,"endTime":2603.344,"body":"fire and I have pictures"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2599.071,"endTime":2603.344,"body":"of the home afterwards."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2603.614,"endTime":2606.304,"body":"I am amazed that it didn't"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2603.614,"endTime":2606.304,"body":"level the whole area."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2606.434,"endTime":2609.144,"body":"Somehow the, emergency"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2606.434,"endTime":2609.144,"body":"relief valves must have."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2609.414,"endTime":2610.264,"body":"Been triggered."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2610.264,"endTime":2611.784,"body":"I mean, somehow they"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2610.264,"endTime":2611.784,"body":"didn't detonate."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2611.784,"endTime":2613.944,"body":"Cause I've seen other"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2611.784,"endTime":2613.944,"body":"incidents where the LP gas is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2613.944,"endTime":2615.144,"body":"detonated and it's frightening."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2615.564,"endTime":2617.904,"body":"And, but that's the sort of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2615.564,"endTime":2617.904,"body":"thing the fire department may"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2617.904,"endTime":2621.104,"body":"have to respond to when you've"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2617.904,"endTime":2621.104,"body":"got 20 LP gas cylinders in one"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2621.104,"endTime":2623.704,"body":"home, nos burning, you probably"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2621.104,"endTime":2623.704,"body":"don't even know this when you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2623.704,"endTime":2625.584,"body":"arrive and you're fighting"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2623.704,"endTime":2625.584,"body":"it and then suddenly, boom."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2626.114,"endTime":2629.624,"body":"Um, it, it's a real"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2626.114,"endTime":2629.624,"body":"safety challenge."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2629.844,"endTime":2632.344,"body":"And then you have homes"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2629.844,"endTime":2632.344,"body":"collapsing onto you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2632.444,"endTime":2634.264,"body":"and yeah, you name it,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2634.264,"endTime":2634.824,"body":"it, it"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2634.824,"endTime":2634.984,"body":"goes."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2635.314,"endTime":2637.128,"body":"and you,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2635.314,"endTime":2637.128,"body":"if you put it in, into the,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2637.279,"endTime":2640.839,"body":"context of your experiment with"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2637.279,"endTime":2640.839,"body":"20 dwellings, with this extreme"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2641.429,"endTime":2644.439,"body":"fire spread, I mean the fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2641.429,"endTime":2644.439,"body":"may be like three blocks"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2644.439,"endTime":2647.119,"body":"away when, when you arrive,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2644.439,"endTime":2647.119,"body":"when it's, uh, when it's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2647.119,"endTime":2648.079,"body":"really a really bad day."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2648.729,"endTime":2653.022,"body":"Uh, in, in such a fire, I guess"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2648.729,"endTime":2653.022,"body":"the extinguishing is, is option"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2653.022,"endTime":2653.502,"body":"anymore."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2653.609,"endTime":2654.299,"body":"Yeah, you,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2654.299,"endTime":2656.619,"body":"you're trying to contain,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2654.299,"endTime":2656.619,"body":"So I mean they just on the,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2656.829,"endTime":2659.539,"body":"if they can get hose lines"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2656.829,"endTime":2659.539,"body":"to it, they can normally"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2659.539,"endTime":2660.299,"body":"do a lot of damage."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2660.299,"endTime":2660.819,"body":"Cause there are."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2661.069,"endTime":2664.309,"body":"They are enclosures, but"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2661.069,"endTime":2664.309,"body":"it, it just is the question"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2664.309,"endTime":2666.589,"body":"of can they get enough"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2664.309,"endTime":2666.589,"body":"hose lines close enough?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2666.609,"endTime":2669.309,"body":"And if you've got a winding"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2666.609,"endTime":2669.309,"body":"settlement, it can spread"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2669.309,"endTime":2670.869,"body":"around you or can jump."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2670.899,"endTime":2672.789,"body":"I, that's a, it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2670.899,"endTime":2672.789,"body":"something we want to study"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2672.879,"endTime":2674.229,"body":"is the branding issue."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2674.689,"endTime":2676.549,"body":"And it, it definitely does jump."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2676.549,"endTime":2679.829,"body":"We're just not sure how much,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2676.549,"endTime":2679.829,"body":"And then, then you're chasing"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2679.829,"endTime":2682.629,"body":"the fire or it's, it's on both"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2679.829,"endTime":2682.629,"body":"sides, you and around you."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2682.629,"endTime":2684.346,"body":"So, the fire department"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2682.629,"endTime":2684.346,"body":"does a good job."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2684.346,"endTime":2686.866,"body":"They can kill the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2684.346,"endTime":2686.866,"body":"fire, but getting there"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2687.046,"endTime":2688.906,"body":"and access is a huge."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2689.881,"endTime":2695.081,"body":"And so roadways, accessways"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2689.881,"endTime":2695.081,"body":"are, are important and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2695.081,"endTime":2698.481,"body":"they get blocked, but you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2695.081,"endTime":2698.481,"body":"do have anecdotal cases"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2698.481,"endTime":2701.481,"body":"where the community helps"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2698.481,"endTime":2701.481,"body":"in, in multon there's one"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2701.531,"endTime":2704.081,"body":"in, in an area called Noon,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2701.531,"endTime":2704.081,"body":"there's one community that's."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2704.426,"endTime":2705.546,"body":"Particularly proactive."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2705.546,"endTime":2706.586,"body":"There's a leader there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2706.696,"endTime":2709.186,"body":"When a fire breaks out,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2706.696,"endTime":2709.186,"body":"she makes sure that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2709.186,"endTime":2710.066,"body":"they clear the road."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2710.326,"endTime":2713.586,"body":"And so actually moving people's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2710.326,"endTime":2713.586,"body":"possessions out the way to make"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2713.586,"endTime":2714.866,"body":"sure the fire truck can get in."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2714.866,"endTime":2716.106,"body":"And that is a huge thing."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2716.516,"endTime":2719.796,"body":"it might sound really simple,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2716.516,"endTime":2719.796,"body":"but it, it could result in many"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2719.796,"endTime":2722.676,"body":"more homes being saved if the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2719.796,"endTime":2722.676,"body":"firer can actually get access."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2723.056,"endTime":2726.516,"body":"And, and, cause I mean, people"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2723.056,"endTime":2726.516,"body":"are desperate if, if you're"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2726.516,"endTime":2728.196,"body":"trying to save everything"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2726.516,"endTime":2728.196,"body":"you, and you're not really"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2728.196,"endTime":2730.036,"body":"worried about the track"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2728.196,"endTime":2730.036,"body":"access, but at least"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2730.036,"endTime":2731.276,"body":"if there are enough"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2730.036,"endTime":2731.276,"body":"people around and they"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2731.276,"endTime":2731.836,"body":"move stuff it."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2732.202,"endTime":2735.482,"body":"and sharing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2732.202,"endTime":2735.482,"body":"good experiences, as this, is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2735.482,"endTime":2736.962,"body":"it even possible between the,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2736.962,"endTime":2737.642,"body":"the communities?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2737.778,"endTime":2740.018,"body":"it can be,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2737.778,"endTime":2740.018,"body":"and I think that's gonna be"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2740.018,"endTime":2743.778,"body":"an important aspect, central"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2740.018,"endTime":2743.778,"body":"aspect going forward is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2743.778,"endTime":2745.258,"body":"that community engagement."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2745.258,"endTime":2747.858,"body":"There needs to be budget"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2745.258,"endTime":2747.858,"body":"allocated for people to be"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2747.858,"endTime":2751.218,"body":"ongoing in the community"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2747.858,"endTime":2751.218,"body":"training, doing work."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2751.568,"endTime":2753.738,"body":"I, I really wanna"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2751.568,"endTime":2753.738,"body":"build a little mobile."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2754.162,"endTime":2757.018,"body":"Dwelling that the, fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2754.162,"endTime":2757.018,"body":"department can arrive, take"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2757.018,"endTime":2759.298,"body":"it off the truck, burn it down"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2757.018,"endTime":2759.298,"body":"with the community around,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2759.298,"endTime":2761.258,"body":"engage with them, train"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2759.298,"endTime":2761.258,"body":"with them, and then leave."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2761.268,"endTime":2761.698,"body":"If you"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2761.698,"endTime":2763.058,"body":"leave it there, it'll"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2761.698,"endTime":2763.058,"body":"get stolen normally."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2763.29,"endTime":2763.9,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2764.138,"endTime":2765.098,"body":"actually"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2764.138,"endTime":2765.098,"body":"have to do some mobile"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2765.098,"endTime":2765.818,"body":"fire training."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2766.04,"endTime":2766.2,"body":"it."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2766.2,"endTime":2766.64,"body":"Burn it."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2766.64,"endTime":2767.8,"body":"before his stolen"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2768.078,"endTime":2769.158,"body":"and then,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2768.078,"endTime":2769.158,"body":"and then you pick it up."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2769.158,"endTime":2770.438,"body":"You make it a steel"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2769.158,"endTime":2770.438,"body":"frame, take it away."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2770.778,"endTime":2771.058,"body":"so."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2771.486,"endTime":2775.006,"body":"Community engagement will"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2771.486,"endTime":2775.006,"body":"always be key, but also"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2775.006,"endTime":2777.366,"body":"it's not something quick"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2775.006,"endTime":2777.366,"body":"because communities change,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2777.366,"endTime":2778.766,"body":"people come, people go."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2779.506,"endTime":2781.006,"body":"The more that's done the better."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2781.006,"endTime":2783.886,"body":"And once again, our target"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2781.006,"endTime":2783.886,"body":"is from a hundred fires to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2783.886,"endTime":2785.126,"body":"50 fires, not a hundred to"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2785.126,"endTime":2785.326,"body":"zero."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2785.334,"endTime":2786.777,"body":"or any reduction in damage we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2786.777,"endTime":2787.217,"body":"can do is,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2787.217,"endTime":2787.457,"body":"is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2788.36,"endTime":2789.37,"body":"I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2788.36,"endTime":2789.37,"body":"think that's a powerful"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2789.37,"endTime":2792.101,"body":"way out this, maybe not the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2789.37,"endTime":2792.101,"body":"way completely out, but."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2792.11,"endTime":2794.793,"body":"Towards, a better solution,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2792.11,"endTime":2794.793,"body":"better environment."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2795.357,"endTime":2798.157,"body":"now for the end, I, I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2795.357,"endTime":2798.157,"body":"had Danielle in, in here."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2798.157,"endTime":2802.477,"body":"We were talking a lot about NGOs"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2798.157,"endTime":2802.477,"body":"and what can be done, how they"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2802.477,"endTime":2805.197,"body":"engage, and I absolutely love"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2802.477,"endTime":2805.197,"body":"the work that they are doing."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2805.777,"endTime":2810.477,"body":"You as a scientist, how, how do"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2805.777,"endTime":2810.477,"body":"you see like the research gaps?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2810.477,"endTime":2811.557,"body":"Like where can."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2811.867,"endTime":2815.77,"body":"Fire science, fire, academia"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2811.867,"endTime":2815.77,"body":"come in and, what would"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2815.77,"endTime":2816.77,"body":"be the most important"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2817.09,"endTime":2817.73,"body":"research gap you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2817.73,"endTime":2817.93,"body":"see?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2818.332,"endTime":2820.992,"body":"the, the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2818.332,"endTime":2820.992,"body":"the most important people"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2820.992,"endTime":2822.192,"body":"are those making the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2822.192,"endTime":2823.072,"body":"difference on the ground."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2823.454,"endTime":2826.924,"body":"Be it the NGOs, be it the Fire"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2823.454,"endTime":2826.924,"body":"Departments, Department of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2826.924,"endTime":2829.204,"body":"Human Settlements, they're,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2826.924,"endTime":2829.204,"body":"they're really important."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2829.827,"endTime":2832.957,"body":"I sitting in my office,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2829.827,"endTime":2832.957,"body":"in my university ivory"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2832.957,"endTime":2836.677,"body":"tower, it's very difficult"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2832.957,"endTime":2836.677,"body":"to make a direct impact."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2836.677,"endTime":2837.797,"body":"However, the."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2838.127,"endTime":2840.917,"body":"If we can provide the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2838.127,"endTime":2840.917,"body":"tools they need for simple"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2840.917,"endTime":2843.277,"body":"assessments, cuz people"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2840.917,"endTime":2843.277,"body":"aren't trained in fire safety."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2843.407,"endTime":2846.877,"body":"So just working with a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2843.407,"endTime":2846.877,"body":"community, um, NGO last"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2846.877,"endTime":2849.757,"body":"week and I I, they're like,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2846.877,"endTime":2849.757,"body":"Oh, what distance must"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2849.757,"endTime":2850.637,"body":"we put these homes in?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2850.637,"endTime":2852.117,"body":"I was like, well,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2850.637,"endTime":2852.117,"body":"nothing really."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2852.267,"endTime":2854.157,"body":"It's always gonna jump"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2852.267,"endTime":2854.157,"body":"eventually, but, you know,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2854.157,"endTime":2857.237,"body":"one meter, it'll always"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2854.157,"endTime":2857.237,"body":"spread two meters in most"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2857.237,"endTime":2859.037,"body":"cases spread by three meters."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2859.467,"endTime":2862.717,"body":"You're starting to get to a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2859.467,"endTime":2862.717,"body":"stage where you might have have"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2862.847,"endTime":2864.517,"body":"stopped at four meters probably."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2865.652,"endTime":2870.305,"body":"Tools to help the important"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2865.652,"endTime":2870.305,"body":"people, is where I think the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2870.505,"endTime":2873.785,"body":"research will be valuable and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2870.505,"endTime":2873.785,"body":"assessing any intervention."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2873.835,"endTime":2876.385,"body":"So that's why one of the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2873.835,"endTime":2876.385,"body":"papers we did was assessing"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2876.665,"endTime":2877.385,"body":"suppression methods."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2877.385,"endTime":2879.065,"body":"What happens if we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2877.385,"endTime":2879.065,"body":"have these throwing"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2879.065,"endTime":2879.505,"body":"gadgets?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2879.505,"endTime":2880.105,"body":"How do they work?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2880.105,"endTime":2881.025,"body":"How do they not work?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2881.315,"endTime":2884.425,"body":"If we have detected devices,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2881.315,"endTime":2884.425,"body":"what's the limitations of them?"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2884.935,"endTime":2888.505,"body":"Nuisance alarms, rollouts,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2884.935,"endTime":2888.505,"body":"sensitivities, artificial"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2888.505,"endTime":2892.002,"body":"intelligence, building those in,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2888.505,"endTime":2892.002,"body":"uh, GIS mapping risk assessment."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2892.052,"endTime":2893.802,"body":"So it's, it's providing."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2894.807,"endTime":2896.077,"body":"To the people that"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2896.077,"endTime":2896.637,"body":"matter most."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2896.827,"endTime":2897.277,"body":"I also"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2897.277,"endTime":2900.597,"body":"think this, what you said about"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2897.277,"endTime":2900.597,"body":"this gadget is like debunking"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2900.597,"endTime":2904.037,"body":"myths, adding credibility"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2900.597,"endTime":2904.037,"body":"to solutions, like showing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2904.037,"endTime":2907.78,"body":"real impact of, of things"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2904.037,"endTime":2907.78,"body":"measuring, quantifying, I guess"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2907.78,"endTime":2910.677,"body":"this is something that NGOs"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2907.78,"endTime":2910.677,"body":"will have difficulties in,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2910.677,"endTime":2913.197,"body":"in, in having, and they, they"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2910.677,"endTime":2913.197,"body":"need to receive us from us."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2913.799,"endTime":2917.323,"body":"when we arm them with, with good"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2913.799,"endTime":2917.323,"body":"weapons, like, like knowledge,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2917.953,"endTime":2920.363,"body":"I guess some, something"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2917.953,"endTime":2920.363,"body":"good can come out of that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2920.453,"endTime":2922.763,"body":"So I, I really"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2920.453,"endTime":2922.763,"body":"enjoy this answer."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2923.183,"endTime":2924.273,"body":"And now for the end,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2924.273,"endTime":2926.53,"body":"tell, tell me how's it"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2924.273,"endTime":2926.53,"body":"going in, in Stallenbosch?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2926.6,"endTime":2930.547,"body":"I I'm super impressed by how"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2926.6,"endTime":2930.547,"body":"your group is going and, all"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2930.547,"endTime":2933.467,"body":"the staff happening around"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2930.547,"endTime":2933.467,"body":"you, all the courses that you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2933.467,"endTime":2934.987,"body":"go that are so well attended,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2935.097,"endTime":2935.587,"body":"it's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2935.604,"endTime":2937.794,"body":"So, so"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2935.604,"endTime":2937.794,"body":"we, we are growing."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2937.794,"endTime":2941.204,"body":"We are going, it's, it's been a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2937.794,"endTime":2941.204,"body":"chaotic ride the last few years,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2941.224,"endTime":2942.644,"body":"but we've been very fortunate."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2942.644,"endTime":2944.044,"body":"We've had good support."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2944.044,"endTime":2946.524,"body":"I mean, we've worked with,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2944.044,"endTime":2946.524,"body":"with various organizations"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2946.524,"endTime":2948.804,"body":"starting out with Edinburgh"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2946.524,"endTime":2948.804,"body":"and then recently a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2948.804,"endTime":2950.044,"body":"variety of, of groups."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2950.424,"endTime":2951.364,"body":"But what's."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2952.379,"endTime":2955.379,"body":"Positive is that there's a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2952.379,"endTime":2955.379,"body":"big need for fire engineering"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2955.379,"endTime":2956.579,"body":"education and research."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2956.839,"endTime":2959.379,"body":"And so there was a bit of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2956.839,"endTime":2959.379,"body":"a void and an African void."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2959.379,"endTime":2963.659,"body":"And what's really been nice is"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2959.379,"endTime":2963.659,"body":"the team that has developed,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2963.969,"endTime":2966.819,"body":"I mean if you look at our"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2963.969,"endTime":2966.819,"body":"PhDs at the moment, we've"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2966.819,"endTime":2969.299,"body":"got someone who's gonna go"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2966.819,"endTime":2969.299,"body":"back to Nigeria or hopefully"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2969.299,"endTime":2970.459,"body":"set up research group there."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2970.459,"endTime":2974.859,"body":"We've got people from Zambia,"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2970.459,"endTime":2974.859,"body":"Ethiopia, India, Chile, and."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2975.419,"endTime":2978.179,"body":"Attendees at our courses"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2975.419,"endTime":2978.179,"body":"from all sorts of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2978.179,"endTime":2978.939,"body":"different countries."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2978.939,"endTime":2982.419,"body":"So what's nice is it's starting"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2978.939,"endTime":2982.419,"body":"to get a developing world and"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2982.419,"endTime":2985.539,"body":"especially African flavor in"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2982.419,"endTime":2985.539,"body":"terms of training the trainer."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2985.839,"endTime":2989.832,"body":"And so hopefully long term the"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2985.839,"endTime":2989.832,"body":"people from here can go back"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2989.832,"endTime":2991.432,"body":"and establish courses across."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2991.692,"endTime":2994.725,"body":"And we've, we've had, generous"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2991.692,"endTime":2994.725,"body":"support as at Royal Academy"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2994.725,"endTime":2998.125,"body":"of Engineering, Lloyd's"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2994.725,"endTime":2998.125,"body":"Register, um, had the Almond"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2998.125,"endTime":3001.422,"body":"Bursary recently supporting"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":2998.125,"endTime":3001.422,"body":"developing world and moving."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3002.097,"endTime":3004.647,"body":"So we've had a couple of"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3002.097,"endTime":3004.647,"body":"hundred engineers trained in"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3004.727,"endTime":3006.007,"body":"structural fire, fire dynamics."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3006.357,"endTime":3007.327,"body":"I think we're getting a new"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3007.327,"endTime":3007.527,"body":"lab."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3007.527,"endTime":3008.167,"body":"Very exciting."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3008.697,"endTime":3011.967,"body":"Um, so we've got a little"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3008.697,"endTime":3011.967,"body":"400 square meter lab."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3011.967,"endTime":3013.247,"body":"Hopefully have a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3011.967,"endTime":3013.247,"body":"large scale hood"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3013.387,"endTime":3014.887,"body":"and whatever we can"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3014.887,"endTime":3015.487,"body":"afford, we'll get"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3015.49,"endTime":3017.09,"body":"That's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3015.49,"endTime":3017.09,"body":"massive, that that's massive"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3017.09,"endTime":3017.69,"body":"improvement."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3017.797,"endTime":3018.287,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3018.287,"endTime":3019.807,"body":"So bit by bit all is moving."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3019.807,"endTime":3021.887,"body":"We, we kind of figure"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3019.807,"endTime":3021.887,"body":"it out as we go."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3021.887,"endTime":3022.527,"body":"We, we."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3022.897,"endTime":3025.377,"body":"Privilege to have an ITB or a"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3025.897,"endTime":3029.177,"body":"Maryland WPI Lund Edinburgh"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3025.897,"endTime":3029.177,"body":"education, but we just sort"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3029.177,"endTime":3031.657,"body":"of muddle along and figure it"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3031.657,"endTime":3032.537,"body":"out and stuff."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3032.537,"endTime":3033.617,"body":"And afterwards what"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3033.617,"endTime":3033.777,"body":"we"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3033.777,"endTime":3034.177,"body":"just burn."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3034.867,"endTime":3035.417,"body":"So it's."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3035.638,"endTime":3038.558,"body":"observing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3035.638,"endTime":3038.558,"body":"it from the side uh, you are"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3038.558,"endTime":3042.238,"body":"doing it the right way, even"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3038.558,"endTime":3042.238,"body":"the right way than many of,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3042.385,"endTime":3045.658,"body":"the uh, noble associations"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3042.385,"endTime":3045.658,"body":"and the noble institutions."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3045.658,"endTime":3047.858,"body":"So congratulations of, of that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3047.988,"endTime":3049.898,"body":"If that's an instinct,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3047.988,"endTime":3049.898,"body":"you have a good one."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3049.898,"endTime":3052.418,"body":"Just keep following it,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3049.898,"endTime":3052.418,"body":"that Richard, it works."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3052.56,"endTime":3053.05,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3053.05,"endTime":3054.21,"body":"No, so it's all as well."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3054.21,"endTime":3054.57,"body":"But thanks."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3054.57,"endTime":3055.21,"body":"Yeah, it's been"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3055.21,"endTime":3055.41,"body":"good."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3055.41,"endTime":3055.85,"body":"Good being"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3055.85,"endTime":3056.232,"body":"here today."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3056.232,"endTime":3057.173,"body":"Thank you Richard, for,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3057.173,"endTime":3058.013,"body":"for, this interview."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3058.013,"endTime":3061.713,"body":"I, I, I hope we've touched,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3058.013,"endTime":3061.713,"body":"uh, many important, things"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3061.713,"endTime":3065.763,"body":"about a problem for 1 billion"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3061.713,"endTime":3065.763,"body":"of people from an engineer's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3065.763,"endTime":3068.363,"body":"perspective, that there has been"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3065.763,"endTime":3068.363,"body":"a lot in, in this interview,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3068.623,"endTime":3071.22,"body":"but that's the environment you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3068.623,"endTime":3071.22,"body":"have to navigate that there,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3071.22,"endTime":3075.94,"body":"there just is that many aspects"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3071.22,"endTime":3075.94,"body":"of the same problem and one."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3076.46,"endTime":3079.48,"body":"Gun powder ball will not, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3076.46,"endTime":3079.48,"body":"will not solve that for sure."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3079.68,"endTime":3081.0,"body":"Thank you so much for coming"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3081.0,"endTime":3081.2,"body":"to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3081.2,"endTime":3081.56,"body":"the show."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3081.702,"endTime":3082.332,"body":"No, thanks."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3082.332,"endTime":3082.612,"body":"a lot."},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3082.612,"endTime":3083.052,"body":"Good being"},{"speaker":"Richard Walls","startTime":3083.052,"endTime":3083.252,"body":"here."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3084.094,"endTime":3086.554,"body":"And that's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3084.094,"endTime":3086.554,"body":"I always find them informal"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3086.554,"endTime":3087.784,"body":"settlement, fire, subject."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3088.474,"endTime":3090.574,"body":"On one hand depressing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3088.474,"endTime":3090.574,"body":"on the other hand."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3091.044,"endTime":3091.784,"body":"chance too."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3091.862,"endTime":3095.097,"body":"Really deliver fire safety"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3091.862,"endTime":3095.097,"body":"to so many people like"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3095.157,"endTime":3096.627,"body":"it's really meaningful."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3096.717,"endTime":3099.747,"body":"You know, I always had this"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3096.717,"endTime":3099.747,"body":"feeling, especially when"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3099.747,"endTime":3102.597,"body":"I talked to Danielle some"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3099.747,"endTime":3102.597,"body":"time ago, like, you know,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3102.597,"endTime":3105.077,"body":"we, we do all this fancy"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3102.597,"endTime":3105.077,"body":"modeling, all these crazy."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3105.747,"endTime":3107.337,"body":"Efforts to improve."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3107.507,"endTime":3111.757,"body":"Safety over skyscraper, which is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3107.507,"endTime":3111.757,"body":"already super saved by like 1%."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3112.427,"endTime":3116.964,"body":"And here, people are without"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3112.427,"endTime":3116.964,"body":"fundamentally any fire safety."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3117.161,"endTime":3119.141,"body":"changing any through some BS."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3119.711,"endTime":3121.061,"body":"Way way bigger."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3121.481,"endTime":3122.171,"body":"Impacted."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3122.901,"endTime":3124.441,"body":"me you will ever have."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3124.571,"endTime":3127.631,"body":"In, in our modern,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3124.571,"endTime":3127.631,"body":"beautiful world."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3127.811,"endTime":3128.771,"body":"That's yeah."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3128.861,"endTime":3131.921,"body":"Well, The pressing, but"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3128.861,"endTime":3131.921,"body":"an opportunity to really"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3131.951,"endTime":3133.301,"body":"make an impact for sure."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3133.481,"endTime":3135.701,"body":"Thank you, Richard, for,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3133.481,"endTime":3135.701,"body":"for making the impact."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3135.701,"endTime":3136.901,"body":"Thank you for your research."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3136.931,"endTime":3139.511,"body":"Thank you for thinking"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3136.931,"endTime":3139.511,"body":"as an engineer."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3139.541,"endTime":3142.331,"body":"Thank you for providing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3139.541,"endTime":3142.331,"body":"answers and guidelines"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3143.171,"endTime":3144.431,"body":"Building resources."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3144.821,"endTime":3146.641,"body":"So people can"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3144.821,"endTime":3146.641,"body":"battle the problem."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3147.311,"endTime":3149.661,"body":"Uh, it was a very"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3147.311,"endTime":3149.661,"body":"honest and, At points."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3150.111,"endTime":3152.481,"body":"Difficult conversation,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3150.111,"endTime":3152.481,"body":"but I'm very happy."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3152.871,"endTime":3153.381,"body":"I'm very happy."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3153.411,"endTime":3155.061,"body":"We had that, even if I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3153.411,"endTime":3155.061,"body":"don't sound like that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3155.601,"endTime":3156.301,"body":"I'm the breast."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3156.891,"endTime":3160.671,"body":"Well, that will be it"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3156.891,"endTime":3160.671,"body":"for today's episode"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3160.731,"endTime":3162.651,"body":"and as usual, what."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3162.651,"endTime":3164.241,"body":"I remember about the QA."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3164.421,"endTime":3165.651,"body":"I still need the questions."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3166.611,"endTime":3169.461,"body":"And, I need you to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3166.611,"endTime":3169.461,"body":"come here next week and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3169.701,"endTime":3170.741,"body":"see you there then by."}]}