{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":0.179,"endTime":0.609,"body":"Hello everybody!"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":0.629,"endTime":2.339,"body":"The welcome to the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":0.629,"endTime":2.339,"body":"fire science show."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2.339,"endTime":3.209,"body":"Happy new year."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3.539,"endTime":5.189,"body":"Welcome to year 2023."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":5.189,"endTime":6.689,"body":"I hope it's a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":5.189,"endTime":6.689,"body":"great year for you."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":6.906,"endTime":9.933,"body":"For opening this year, I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":6.906,"endTime":9.933,"body":"have an interesting episode."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":9.963,"endTime":13.329,"body":"I was recently asked to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":9.963,"endTime":13.329,"body":"create some more introductory"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":13.329,"endTime":15.129,"body":"level content in the podcast."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":15.519,"endTime":17.319,"body":"To, to help those, to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":15.519,"endTime":17.319,"body":"transition into the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":17.319,"endTime":18.249,"body":"fire safety engineering."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":18.249,"endTime":18.453,"body":"But."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":18.466,"endTime":20.766,"body":"Also to help all"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":18.466,"endTime":20.766,"body":"other fire engineers."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":21.306,"endTime":24.036,"body":"Around a level,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":21.306,"endTime":24.036,"body":"their knowledge base."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":24.066,"endTime":25.903,"body":"And, I did record"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":24.066,"endTime":25.903,"body":"such an episode."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":25.933,"endTime":28.529,"body":"I say, I would consider myself."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":28.859,"endTime":31.259,"body":"Fairly advanced fire user."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":31.679,"endTime":35.099,"body":"Uh, however, I still thoroughly"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":31.679,"endTime":35.099,"body":"enjoy talking about basics."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":35.149,"endTime":38.569,"body":"So I am completely sure everyone"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":35.149,"endTime":38.569,"body":"can enjoy this type of content."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":38.911,"endTime":39.871,"body":"I like mini series."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":39.871,"endTime":42.661,"body":"I may actually frame this"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":39.871,"endTime":42.661,"body":"into some sort of introduction"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":42.661,"endTime":44.941,"body":"to the fire mini series"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":44.991,"endTime":46.971,"body":"and I hope in this form,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":44.991,"endTime":46.971,"body":"it will be easier to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":46.971,"endTime":48.741,"body":"find it and benefit."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":48.834,"endTime":49.284,"body":"From it."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":49.631,"endTime":52.151,"body":"And my first guest is Dr."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":52.151,"endTime":54.491,"body":"Rory Hadden or"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":52.151,"endTime":54.491,"body":"University of Edinburgh."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":54.911,"endTime":58.871,"body":"Rory's a very, well-known a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":54.911,"endTime":58.871,"body":"world-class Firestar, he's an"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":58.871,"endTime":62.711,"body":"expert in combustion expert"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":58.871,"endTime":62.711,"body":"in one wildfire dynamics."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":63.071,"endTime":64.721,"body":"He's an investigator."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":65.229,"endTime":67.253,"body":"He is very all around Mr."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":67.253,"endTime":67.973,"body":"Fire engineer."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":68.213,"endTime":72.353,"body":"So I'm was very happy that he"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":68.213,"endTime":72.353,"body":"took my invite, especially that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":72.353,"endTime":74.063,"body":"he's a very good academic and."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":74.453,"endTime":76.163,"body":"He students absolutely love him."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":76.163,"endTime":80.003,"body":"So he's also very well fit"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":76.163,"endTime":80.003,"body":"to talk about the basics and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":80.393,"endTime":84.083,"body":"yeah, we wanted to talk about"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":80.393,"endTime":84.083,"body":"combustion and flames and stuff."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":84.443,"endTime":87.023,"body":"That's related to the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":84.443,"endTime":87.023,"body":"chemistry of combustion."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":87.413,"endTime":88.703,"body":"Rory's chemist actually."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":89.033,"endTime":92.363,"body":"So, uh, that's the subject"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":89.033,"endTime":92.363,"body":"we've started with we've ended"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":92.363,"endTime":95.633,"body":"up, uh, we've ended up in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":92.363,"endTime":95.633,"body":"very different places about."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":95.693,"endTime":98.573,"body":"Uh, they're all connected to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":95.693,"endTime":98.573,"body":"fire and fire engineering."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":98.873,"endTime":100.763,"body":"So, yeah, I think that's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":98.873,"endTime":100.763,"body":"it, it doesn't need them"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":100.793,"endTime":101.993,"body":"any more introduction."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":102.323,"endTime":104.933,"body":"Let's just spin the intro"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":102.323,"endTime":104.933,"body":"and jump into the episode."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":128.057,"endTime":128.62,"body":"Hello everybody."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":128.62,"endTime":130.1,"body":"Welcome to the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":128.62,"endTime":130.1,"body":"Fire Science Show."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":130.286,"endTime":131.586,"body":"I'm here today with Dr."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":131.586,"endTime":133.406,"body":"Rory Hadden from"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":131.586,"endTime":133.406,"body":"University of Edinburgh."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":133.546,"endTime":133.986,"body":"Hey Rory."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":135.213,"endTime":135.688,"body":"Good."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":135.688,"endTime":136.168,"body":"Thank you."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":136.668,"endTime":140.365,"body":"And we're gonna talk about"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":136.668,"endTime":140.365,"body":"some, fundamental stuff in the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":140.365,"endTime":141.845,"body":"fire science, uh, discipline."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":142.195,"endTime":145.685,"body":"I've been asking a recent"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":142.195,"endTime":145.685,"body":"survey to prepare more,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":146.261,"endTime":149.701,"body":"introductory material for ones"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":146.261,"endTime":149.701,"body":"who entered the discipline"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":149.701,"endTime":153.901,"body":"from various ends of the world"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":149.701,"endTime":153.901,"body":"of science and engineering."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":153.921,"endTime":157.781,"body":"And as we all know, nobody"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":153.921,"endTime":157.781,"body":"becomes a fire engineer,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":158.198,"endTime":160.788,"body":"by their will, but they"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":158.198,"endTime":160.788,"body":"come here as an accident."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":160.788,"endTime":163.228,"body":"Rory, what's, what's your story,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":160.788,"endTime":163.228,"body":"how you became a fire engineer?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":164.798,"endTime":165.397,"body":"a long story."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":165.397,"endTime":168.945,"body":"mean, I guess it, I trace it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":165.397,"endTime":168.945,"body":"back to, um, when I was in high"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":168.945,"endTime":172.025,"body":"school and we had to decide"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":168.945,"endTime":172.025,"body":"what career we wanted to have."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":172.305,"endTime":175.005,"body":"and I told my chemistry"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":172.305,"endTime":175.005,"body":"teacher that I was going"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":175.005,"endTime":177.805,"body":"to do the special effects"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":175.005,"endTime":177.805,"body":"on James Bond movies."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":178.858,"endTime":179.018,"body":"was"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":179.048,"endTime":180.338,"body":"and Nice."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":180.428,"endTime":182.708,"body":"was shot down as not"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":180.428,"endTime":182.708,"body":"really a viable career."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":182.738,"endTime":183.088,"body":"Um"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":184.068,"endTime":186.918,"body":"then I, uh, applied"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":184.068,"endTime":186.918,"body":"to be a chemical engineer and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":186.918,"endTime":189.421,"body":"studied that at university"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":186.918,"endTime":189.421,"body":"because, I came from Aberdeen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":189.421,"endTime":192.021,"body":"and we had lots of oil in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":189.421,"endTime":192.021,"body":"those days, so that seems like"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":192.021,"endTime":193.141,"body":"a very sensible thing to do."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":193.608,"endTime":196.525,"body":"then as I was finishing that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":193.608,"endTime":196.525,"body":"degree, I took a class, in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":196.525,"endTime":200.345,"body":"Fire Dynamics with Dougal"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":196.525,"endTime":200.345,"body":"Drysdale, which was great."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":200.46,"endTime":200.95,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":201.192,"endTime":201.705,"body":"loved that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":201.858,"endTime":203.998,"body":"but by this point had kind"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":201.858,"endTime":203.998,"body":"of thought, well, there's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":203.998,"endTime":207.081,"body":"no way that's going to be,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":203.998,"endTime":207.081,"body":"a, a viable career for a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":207.241,"endTime":208.241,"body":"chemical engineer like me."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":208.541,"endTime":211.531,"body":"and then a few weeks later"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":208.541,"endTime":211.531,"body":"I got email from Guillermo"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":211.671,"endTime":214.425,"body":"who I think is known, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":211.671,"endTime":214.425,"body":"to this community, saying"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":214.51,"endTime":214.67,"body":"Hmm."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":214.905,"endTime":218.465,"body":"are PhD positions available and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":214.905,"endTime":218.465,"body":"if we were interested in doing"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":218.465,"endTime":221.425,"body":"a PhD in fire science, then"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":218.465,"endTime":221.425,"body":"we should go and talk to him."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":221.861,"endTime":222.571,"body":"so I did."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":222.631,"endTime":225.731,"body":"And then the rest is history,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":222.631,"endTime":225.731,"body":"I guess from that point."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":226.028,"endTime":226.468,"body":"yeah."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":226.468,"endTime":226.868,"body":"Nice."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":226.868,"endTime":229.878,"body":"Another one in the club of,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":226.868,"endTime":229.878,"body":"switching, professions and,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":229.878,"endTime":231.198,"body":"and coming to fire science."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":231.208,"endTime":234.938,"body":"So even better, uh, put yourself"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":231.208,"endTime":234.938,"body":"in a mindset like what you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":234.938,"endTime":237.138,"body":"would love to be told when"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":234.938,"endTime":237.138,"body":"you switched from chemical"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":237.458,"endTime":240.295,"body":"engineering into, into fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":237.458,"endTime":240.295,"body":"safety engineering or, or let's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":240.295,"endTime":243.548,"body":"just, read out loud Drysdales"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":240.295,"endTime":243.548,"body":"quick because that's, that's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":243.708,"endTime":246.988,"body":"probably a viable introduction"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":243.708,"endTime":246.988,"body":"to the discipline as."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":247.023,"endTime":247.223,"body":"most"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":247.223,"endTime":247.743,"body":"people, I think."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":247.743,"endTime":248.063,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":249.163,"endTime":250.139,"body":"most"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":249.163,"endTime":250.139,"body":"people I think Yeah"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":250.139,"endTime":251.656,"body":"Actually"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":250.139,"endTime":251.656,"body":"in the end of this episode, the,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":251.656,"endTime":253.736,"body":"in the shortness of the episode,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":251.656,"endTime":253.736,"body":"I'm gonna try to list some"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":253.736,"endTime":256.316,"body":"reading, , resources because"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":253.736,"endTime":256.316,"body":"there are some really great"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":256.916,"endTime":259.82,"body":"introductory resources and,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":256.916,"endTime":259.82,"body":"not everyone is aware of that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":259.82,"endTime":260.98,"body":"And, it certainly helps."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":261.23,"endTime":264.696,"body":"So today I would, I would"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":261.23,"endTime":264.696,"body":"love to cover the aspects"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":264.696,"endTime":268.176,"body":"of flames and combustion"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":264.696,"endTime":268.176,"body":"and, and like the fires."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":268.176,"endTime":270.939,"body":"How, we define some"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":268.176,"endTime":270.939,"body":"things related to that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":271.01,"endTime":273.496,"body":"what are the, the,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":271.01,"endTime":273.496,"body":"definitions of, things"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":273.496,"endTime":274.696,"body":"that we meet every day."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":275.196,"endTime":278.503,"body":"And I, I would start maybe"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":275.196,"endTime":278.503,"body":"not that easy one, but,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":278.503,"endTime":281.8,"body":"but the flame, like what"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":278.503,"endTime":281.8,"body":"exactly is the flame?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":281.8,"endTime":284.36,"body":"Like how, how do you define"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":281.8,"endTime":284.36,"body":"it as a fire engineer and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":284.46,"endTime":285.88,"body":"how, how you define it as a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":285.88,"endTime":286.2,"body":"chemist."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":286.405,"endTime":288.575,"body":"I mean for me"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":286.405,"endTime":288.575,"body":"uh, this is a very interesting"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":288.775,"endTime":292.058,"body":"question and it's one that I ask"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":288.775,"endTime":292.058,"body":"at the start of my, second year,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":292.058,"endTime":294.128,"body":"class, defining what a flame is."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":294.288,"endTime":295.608,"body":"Everyone I think is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":294.288,"endTime":295.608,"body":"familiar with it, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":295.608,"endTime":298.208,"body":"You see it, it's this kind"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":295.608,"endTime":298.208,"body":"of, maybe it's yellow, maybe"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":298.208,"endTime":299.208,"body":"it's a little bit blue."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":299.775,"endTime":300.695,"body":"when you start looking at"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":300.855,"endTime":303.761,"body":"actually what's going on there"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":300.855,"endTime":303.761,"body":"and you start exploring, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":303.881,"endTime":307.011,"body":"structure of the flame and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":303.881,"endTime":307.011,"body":"why it looks like it looks,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":307.301,"endTime":309.981,"body":"it becomes quite obvious,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":307.301,"endTime":309.981,"body":"I think, what a flame is."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":310.325,"endTime":310.925,"body":"It's really"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":310.98,"endTime":311.14,"body":"Hmm."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":311.365,"endTime":314.365,"body":"than a volume in space"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":311.365,"endTime":314.365,"body":"where you have some kind of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":314.525,"endTime":315.965,"body":"chemical reaction occurring."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":316.181,"endTime":317.001,"body":"and what you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":317.996,"endTime":318.086,"body":"Hmm."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":318.158,"endTime":320.148,"body":"as, as the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":318.158,"endTime":320.148,"body":"flame, is maybe separate"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":320.148,"endTime":322.388,"body":"from the chemical processes"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":320.148,"endTime":322.388,"body":"that are going on."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":322.398,"endTime":324.868,"body":"So I think it's useful to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":322.398,"endTime":324.868,"body":"separate those two things."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":325.788,"endTime":326.108,"body":"so"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":326.183,"endTime":326.673,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":326.828,"endTime":330.508,"body":"reaction is simply the reaction"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":326.828,"endTime":330.508,"body":"between the fuel, uh, that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":330.508,"endTime":333.188,"body":"is generated somehow from"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":330.508,"endTime":333.188,"body":"either a, it could be a gas"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":333.628,"endTime":336.191,"body":"directly, it could be, a liquid"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":333.628,"endTime":336.191,"body":"that you have to vaporize."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":336.191,"endTime":338.791,"body":"It could be a solid that you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":336.191,"endTime":338.791,"body":"have to pyrolize and maybe"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":338.791,"endTime":341.391,"body":"we'll talk about some of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":338.791,"endTime":341.391,"body":"those words, uh, later on."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":341.491,"endTime":344.951,"body":"But basically you have to get"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":341.491,"endTime":344.951,"body":"the fuel, uh, into a gas phase."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":345.408,"endTime":348.461,"body":"then it mixes with air from"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":345.408,"endTime":348.461,"body":"the ambient environment"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":348.461,"endTime":352.055,"body":"that's surrounding the fuel,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":348.461,"endTime":352.055,"body":"um, when those fuel and air"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":352.055,"endTime":353.055,"body":"are in the correct proport."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":353.328,"endTime":355.508,"body":"The chemical reaction"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":353.328,"endTime":355.508,"body":"can occur if you have an"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":355.508,"endTime":356.908,"body":"ignition source nearby."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":357.158,"endTime":360.228,"body":"Um, and that ignition source"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":357.158,"endTime":360.228,"body":"could of course be a spark"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":360.318,"endTime":361.548,"body":"or another small flame."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":361.845,"endTime":364.905,"body":"the chemical reaction then"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":361.845,"endTime":364.905,"body":"proceeds, um, and as it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":364.905,"endTime":366.297,"body":"proceeds, it generates energy."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":366.335,"endTime":367.195,"body":"and that energy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":367.195,"endTime":367.755,"body":"heats up"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":367.755,"endTime":368.235,"body":"that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":368.235,"endTime":371.755,"body":"volume of, of material,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":368.235,"endTime":371.755,"body":"the air and the fuel."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":371.975,"endTime":372.395,"body":"and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":372.445,"endTime":374.035,"body":"as the, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":372.445,"endTime":374.035,"body":"fuel heats up, the chemical"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":374.275,"endTime":374.835,"body":"reaction goes faster."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":375.285,"endTime":377.835,"body":"Um, and we end up generating"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":375.285,"endTime":377.835,"body":"quite a lot of energy."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":377.835,"endTime":380.075,"body":"And what we see,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":377.835,"endTime":380.075,"body":"uh, as the flame is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":380.17,"endTime":380.33,"body":"Hmm."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":380.675,"endTime":382.435,"body":"manifestation of all the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":380.675,"endTime":382.435,"body":"energy that's generated."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":382.535,"endTime":386.795,"body":"The yellow stuff are little soot"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":382.535,"endTime":386.795,"body":"particles, so tiny little balls"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":386.795,"endTime":389.515,"body":"of carbon, uh, that are heated"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":386.795,"endTime":389.515,"body":"up to the point where they."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":390.068,"endTime":392.241,"body":"and that's what we see"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":390.068,"endTime":392.241,"body":"as a yellow part of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":392.241,"endTime":393.441,"body":"flame, the blue part."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":393.441,"endTime":394.561,"body":"If you've got a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":393.441,"endTime":394.561,"body":"flame that's blue,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":394.791,"endTime":394.951,"body":"Hmm."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":395.001,"endTime":397.401,"body":"seeing there is actually the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":395.001,"endTime":397.401,"body":"molecules themselves of the fuel"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":397.401,"endTime":400.575,"body":"being heated up to the point"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":397.401,"endTime":400.575,"body":"where they begin to, not so much"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":400.575,"endTime":402.015,"body":"glow, but release blue light."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":402.105,"endTime":403.935,"body":"Uh, I guess, so"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":404.695,"endTime":406.735,"body":"process is simply, it's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":404.695,"endTime":406.735,"body":"a volume in space for a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":406.895,"endTime":407.815,"body":"chemical reactions occurring."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":407.815,"endTime":411.015,"body":"And what we see as the flame is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":407.815,"endTime":411.015,"body":"kind of the manifestation of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":411.015,"endTime":412.415,"body":"energy that's released by that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":412.635,"endTime":412.795,"body":"reaction."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":412.921,"endTime":415.881,"body":"but, um, if you have a flame"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":412.921,"endTime":415.881,"body":"inside, it is, it's hollow"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":415.961,"endTime":417.921,"body":"like inside, there's fuel."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":417.921,"endTime":419.601,"body":"Outside of it is, is oxygen."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":419.601,"endTime":422.028,"body":"And they react fairly"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":419.601,"endTime":422.028,"body":"small space, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":422.148,"endTime":423.508,"body":"an interesting"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":422.148,"endTime":423.508,"body":"point that I've I've been"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":423.508,"endTime":426.148,"body":"speaking about, I guess"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":423.508,"endTime":426.148,"body":"what we commonly would"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":426.148,"endTime":427.228,"body":"call a diffusion flame."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":427.259,"endTime":428.471,"body":"the, the fire science world"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":428.711,"endTime":430.511,"body":"separates things into"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":428.711,"endTime":430.511,"body":"two categories, I guess,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":430.511,"endTime":433.388,"body":"of diffusion flames"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":430.511,"endTime":433.388,"body":"and premixed flames."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":433.388,"endTime":435.631,"body":"and that's a useful"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":433.388,"endTime":435.631,"body":"distinction to be able to make."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":435.631,"endTime":437.191,"body":"And one, I guess"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":435.631,"endTime":437.191,"body":"most people will be"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":437.411,"endTime":438.021,"body":"mm-hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":438.351,"endTime":440.111,"body":"chemistry"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":438.351,"endTime":440.111,"body":"classes in school where you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":440.111,"endTime":443.511,"body":"have the bunsen burner, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":440.111,"endTime":443.511,"body":"if you open that little hole"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":443.511,"endTime":445.751,"body":"at the bottom of the bunsen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":443.511,"endTime":445.751,"body":"burner, you get the blue."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":446.338,"endTime":446.758,"body":"And"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":446.758,"endTime":447.628,"body":"that's a premixed flame"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":447.819,"endTime":448.411,"body":"because the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":448.436,"endTime":449.046,"body":"Mm-hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":449.131,"endTime":451.291,"body":"air are mixed before they react."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":451.461,"endTime":454.251,"body":"Um, if you close that hole"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":451.461,"endTime":454.251,"body":"at the bottom, you get a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":454.251,"endTime":456.111,"body":"yellow flame, like you would"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":454.251,"endTime":456.111,"body":"from a match or whatever."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":456.306,"endTime":456.796,"body":"Okay"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":457.151,"endTime":457.431,"body":"flame."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":457.531,"endTime":460.371,"body":"and it's called a diffusion"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":457.531,"endTime":460.371,"body":"flame because the process that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":460.371,"endTime":463.451,"body":"controls the, the dynamics of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":460.371,"endTime":463.451,"body":"that flame, the structure of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":463.451,"endTime":467.411,"body":"that flame is the diffusion"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":463.451,"endTime":467.411,"body":"of air from the surroundings"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":467.841,"endTime":469.621,"body":"into that jet of fuel."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":469.937,"endTime":472.631,"body":"and that diffusion process,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":469.937,"endTime":472.631,"body":"really governs, I mean"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":472.631,"endTime":475.471,"body":"the, the shape of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":472.631,"endTime":475.471,"body":"flame, uh, govern also the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":475.471,"endTime":476.311,"body":"temperature of the flame."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":476.551,"endTime":479.565,"body":"and it's really quite, I think,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":476.551,"endTime":479.565,"body":"a fundamental part of fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":479.685,"endTime":482.125,"body":"science to understand like,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":479.685,"endTime":482.125,"body":"what is that diffusion process"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":482.125,"endTime":484.885,"body":"and how does that result in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":482.125,"endTime":484.885,"body":"types of flames that we see?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":485.59,"endTime":487.94,"body":"In most fire scenarios, we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":485.59,"endTime":487.94,"body":"don't have the convenience"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":488.03,"endTime":489.18,"body":"of a premixed flame."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":489.18,"endTime":490.94,"body":"That's something that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":489.18,"endTime":490.94,"body":"a combustion scientist"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":490.94,"endTime":492.5,"body":"might be lucky enough"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":490.94,"endTime":492.5,"body":"to be able to study."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":492.854,"endTime":495.656,"body":"but that's not something that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":492.854,"endTime":495.656,"body":"as fire scientists, we have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":495.656,"endTime":496.696,"body":"the privilege of dealing with."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":496.696,"endTime":499.553,"body":"We have to work with"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":496.696,"endTime":499.553,"body":"slightly more, I dunno,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":499.553,"endTime":500.553,"body":"dunno, more complex."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":500.553,"endTime":501.513,"body":"It's just different, isn't it?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":501.513,"endTime":502.713,"body":"The different physics of a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":502.853,"endTime":503.453,"body":"diffusion flame."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":503.71,"endTime":507.38,"body":"I guess the flow patterns"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":503.71,"endTime":507.38,"body":"play a significant role in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":507.38,"endTime":510.805,"body":"how these flames unravel"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":507.38,"endTime":510.805,"body":"and behave and, like it."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":511.045,"endTime":514.505,"body":"You have fuel generated"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":511.045,"endTime":514.505,"body":"from something, you have"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":514.505,"endTime":516.825,"body":"oxygen that technically"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":514.505,"endTime":516.825,"body":"is everywhere around,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":516.925,"endTime":518.785,"body":"but in reality, it's not."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":518.845,"endTime":521.225,"body":"The, the fuel burns"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":518.845,"endTime":521.225,"body":"the, the oxygen around."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":521.225,"endTime":523.425,"body":"So it needs to be"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":521.225,"endTime":523.425,"body":"replaced and replaced and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":523.425,"endTime":525.265,"body":"replaced Conveniently."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":525.265,"endTime":528.785,"body":"It, it generates, uh, hot"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":525.265,"endTime":528.785,"body":"temperature gas, which"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":528.785,"endTime":531.425,"body":"has lower density than"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":528.785,"endTime":531.425,"body":"surrounding air, which"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":531.425,"endTime":533.265,"body":"creates a movement of its own."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":533.265,"endTime":534.528,"body":"It's like, I dunno."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":534.708,"endTime":538.335,"body":"Did you ever define a fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":534.708,"endTime":538.335,"body":"as a  we, we thought about"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":538.335,"endTime":541.535,"body":"like, it's, it's a nice, um,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":538.335,"endTime":541.535,"body":"concept to show fire as a pump."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":541.535,"endTime":544.975,"body":"It sucks the air, it burns"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":541.535,"endTime":544.975,"body":"the, the fuel and releases"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":544.975,"endTime":546.375,"body":"gases and, and it's like a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":546.375,"endTime":547.535,"body":"system like in an engine"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":547.575,"endTime":549.695,"body":"the, the kind of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":547.575,"endTime":549.695,"body":"fire is a pump, uh, analogy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":549.695,"endTime":552.378,"body":"works pretty well in, for"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":549.695,"endTime":552.378,"body":"example, a compartment fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":552.658,"endTime":553.698,"body":"analysis where you have,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":553.988,"endTime":554.938,"body":"um pretty well"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":554.938,"endTime":555.978,"body":"defined flows,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":556.115,"endTime":559.145,"body":"of air entering a space,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":556.115,"endTime":559.145,"body":"and then the hot smoke"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":559.145,"endTime":561.065,"body":"and gases leaving, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":559.145,"endTime":561.065,"body":"leaving the compartment."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":561.565,"endTime":564.665,"body":"All of that is driven by,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":561.565,"endTime":564.665,"body":"yeah, the size of the fire."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":564.665,"endTime":566.615,"body":"And, sorry, the average"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":564.665,"endTime":566.615,"body":"temperature in that compartment."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":566.615,"endTime":568.255,"body":"And I think that that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":566.615,"endTime":568.255,"body":"quite an interesting"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":568.255,"endTime":568.495,"body":"point"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":569.135,"endTime":569.775,"body":"well when it comes"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":569.775,"endTime":570.278,"body":"to looking at,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":570.278,"endTime":570.801,"body":"at flames."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":570.801,"endTime":573.721,"body":"Cause one of the questions that,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":570.801,"endTime":573.721,"body":"you know, we often get asked is,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":573.958,"endTime":575.478,"body":"is the temperature of a fire?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":575.478,"endTime":576.838,"body":"And that's a very tricky"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":577.388,"endTime":577.938,"body":"Oh yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":578.078,"endTime":578.758,"body":"to answer."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":579.005,"endTime":580.725,"body":"one of the nice things"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":579.005,"endTime":580.725,"body":"about a diffusion flame"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":580.815,"endTime":582.325,"body":"is because the diffusion."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":582.852,"endTime":585.451,"body":"It's controlled by the,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":582.852,"endTime":585.451,"body":"literally, by the diffusion"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":585.451,"endTime":587.011,"body":"of oxygen into the fuel."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":587.371,"endTime":589.691,"body":"the range of temperatures"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":587.371,"endTime":589.691,"body":"that you get from a diffusion"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":589.691,"endTime":591.491,"body":"flame doesn't really"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":589.691,"endTime":591.491,"body":"depend on what's burning."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":591.491,"endTime":593.745,"body":"It really only depends on"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":591.491,"endTime":593.745,"body":"this diffusion, concept."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":594.171,"endTime":596.731,"body":"and therefore the flame"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":594.171,"endTime":596.731,"body":"temperature, I don't know, more"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":596.731,"endTime":600.011,"body":"or less 1200 Celsius, maybe"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":596.731,"endTime":600.011,"body":"1500, something like that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":600.011,"endTime":601.251,"body":"It's not going to vary,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":601.268,"endTime":601.671,"body":"too."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":602.05,"endTime":604.233,"body":"Um, but"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":602.05,"endTime":604.233,"body":"that is not, but when you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":604.233,"endTime":606.033,"body":"start talking about the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":604.233,"endTime":606.033,"body":"temperature of the fire, well"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":606.033,"endTime":607.073,"body":"what do you mean by that?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":607.073,"endTime":609.113,"body":"If you have, you know, if"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":607.073,"endTime":609.113,"body":"you're burning something in a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":609.243,"endTime":609.733,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":609.913,"endTime":611.633,"body":"maybe you mean the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":609.913,"endTime":611.633,"body":"average temperature of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":611.633,"endTime":613.43,"body":"room, or do you mean the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":611.633,"endTime":613.43,"body":"temperature of the flame?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":613.51,"endTime":615.37,"body":"and that's one of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":613.51,"endTime":615.37,"body":"things I think a lot"},{"speaker":"rory","startTime":615.37,"endTime":615.49,"body":"of,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":615.497,"endTime":617.456,"body":"people who come"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":615.497,"endTime":617.456,"body":"into the field are get a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":617.456,"endTime":619.836,"body":"little bit, confused by or, I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":617.456,"endTime":619.836,"body":"dunno, that sounds a bit harsh"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":619.836,"endTime":622.396,"body":"perhaps, but, you know, it's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":619.836,"endTime":622.396,"body":"one of these ideas that's a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":622.396,"endTime":624.036,"body":"little bit tricky, I think,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":622.396,"endTime":624.036,"body":"to wrap your head around."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":624.136,"endTime":627.156,"body":"And we see it quite often,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":624.136,"endTime":627.156,"body":"you know, being expressed in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":627.156,"endTime":629.316,"body":"kind of a colloquial term,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":627.156,"endTime":629.316,"body":"oh, that was a very hot fire,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":629.326,"endTime":630.876,"body":"or that was a very cool fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":631.446,"endTime":631.936,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":632.236,"endTime":633.996,"body":"think that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":632.236,"endTime":633.996,"body":"that goes back to this"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":633.996,"endTime":636.396,"body":"whole concept of what is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":633.996,"endTime":636.396,"body":"a fire, what is a flame?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":636.396,"endTime":639.556,"body":"And it's about the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":636.396,"endTime":639.556,"body":"physical manifestation of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":639.556,"endTime":640.436,"body":"the combustion process."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":640.886,"endTime":641.236,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":641.296,"endTime":641.646,"body":"Mm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":642.125,"endTime":643.446,"body":"is a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":642.125,"endTime":643.446,"body":"very subjective thing."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":643.466,"endTime":645.166,"body":"And as scientists"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":643.466,"endTime":645.166,"body":"and you know, as"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":645.276,"endTime":645.626,"body":"mm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":645.766,"endTime":648.413,"body":"I think it's really important"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":645.766,"endTime":648.413,"body":"for us To talk in, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":648.413,"endTime":651.373,"body":"quantitative terms, not,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":648.413,"endTime":651.373,"body":"not subjective, uh, terms."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":651.373,"endTime":654.773,"body":"So the fire might feel really"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":651.373,"endTime":654.773,"body":"hot, but that doesn't mean"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":654.773,"endTime":657.053,"body":"that if you measure the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":654.773,"endTime":657.053,"body":"temperature of that flame, it's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":657.053,"endTime":658.3,"body":"any hotter than another fire."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":658.3,"endTime":659.58,"body":"There's something"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":658.3,"endTime":659.58,"body":"else is usually"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":659.8,"endTime":660.0,"body":"on"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":660.323,"endTime":664.333,"body":"I think that's, uh, a moment"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":660.323,"endTime":664.333,"body":"in, um, development of a fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":664.333,"endTime":669.116,"body":"safety engineer when they go"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":664.333,"endTime":669.116,"body":"through one of the earliest"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":669.23,"endTime":672.07,"body":"and biggest like, paradigm"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":669.23,"endTime":672.07,"body":"shifts in their perception"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":672.07,"endTime":673.35,"body":"of what they're touching."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":673.35,"endTime":676.3,"body":"Like, a flame is a flame"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":673.35,"endTime":676.3,"body":"and, and, it's separate"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":676.3,"endTime":677.42,"body":"from, from the fire."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":677.42,"endTime":681.02,"body":"And, and, and the fact that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":677.42,"endTime":681.02,"body":"you have a, a flame inside your"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":681.34,"endTime":684.22,"body":"building, it doesn't mean it,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":681.34,"endTime":684.22,"body":"it's gonna destroy the ceiling."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":684.22,"endTime":686.82,"body":"Like a candle flame is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":684.22,"endTime":686.82,"body":"pretty hot, and if you put"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":686.82,"endTime":690.58,"body":"it against the ceiling, it's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":686.82,"endTime":690.58,"body":"uh, not gonna do a much of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":690.58,"endTime":691.42,"body":"impression on the ceiling."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":691.76,"endTime":693.793,"body":"But, if you have a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":691.76,"endTime":693.793,"body":"thousand candles, there's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":693.793,"endTime":695.813,"body":"a different story and Right"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":695.868,"endTime":697.422,"body":"of I mean"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":695.868,"endTime":697.422,"body":"the difference between"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":697.422,"endTime":698.542,"body":"temperature and heat, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":698.542,"endTime":700.502,"body":"Is kind of what you're, what"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":698.542,"endTime":700.502,"body":"you're getting at there."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":700.597,"endTime":701.087,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":701.272,"endTime":704.662,"body":"of just because something's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":701.272,"endTime":704.662,"body":"hot doesn't mean it's going"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":704.662,"endTime":708.088,"body":"to necessarily impart a lot of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":704.662,"endTime":708.088,"body":"energy, onto something else."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":708.195,"endTime":708.792,"body":"and I think"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":708.917,"endTime":709.037,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":709.112,"endTime":711.588,"body":"that is probably one of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":709.112,"endTime":711.588,"body":"things that, certainly I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":711.748,"endTime":713.828,"body":"remember learning, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":711.748,"endTime":713.828,"body":"through the study of heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":714.148,"endTime":715.988,"body":"transfer and whatever, that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":714.148,"endTime":715.988,"body":"that's a pretty important,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":716.212,"endTime":718.892,"body":"thing to wrap your head around"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":716.212,"endTime":718.892,"body":"and this, this, that the idea"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":718.892,"endTime":722.052,"body":"of temperature and heat flux"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":718.892,"endTime":722.052,"body":"are completely, separate,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":722.208,"endTime":722.722,"body":"concepts."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":723.177,"endTime":726.137,"body":"I would like to go, uh, further"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":723.177,"endTime":726.137,"body":"into the chemistry of flames."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":726.137,"endTime":730.39,"body":"So if you release, gas into"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":726.137,"endTime":730.39,"body":"environment, it's, it's not"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":730.39,"endTime":734.653,"body":"gonna always, like burn because"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":730.39,"endTime":734.653,"body":"there must be a certain like,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":734.783,"endTime":739.253,"body":"uh, ratio of the fuel to the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":734.783,"endTime":739.253,"body":"oxidizer in your environment."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":739.253,"endTime":742.263,"body":"So, let's talk about how"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":739.253,"endTime":742.263,"body":"we define them and how"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":742.263,"endTime":745.223,"body":"important they are for the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":742.263,"endTime":745.223,"body":"fire engineering problems."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":745.263,"endTime":747.197,"body":"I guess when"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":745.263,"endTime":747.197,"body":"we are defining the, I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":747.197,"endTime":750.22,"body":"guess, the hazard posed"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":747.197,"endTime":750.22,"body":"by, a, a fuel, we usually"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":750.22,"endTime":752.62,"body":"would define that in terms"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":750.22,"endTime":752.62,"body":"of the flammability limits."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":752.71,"endTime":754.097,"body":"So, as you've mentioned, you,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":754.237,"endTime":754.357,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":754.497,"endTime":757.017,"body":"to, not any mixture of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":754.497,"endTime":757.017,"body":"air and fuel will burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":757.017,"endTime":759.913,"body":"You have to get them in the, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":757.017,"endTime":759.913,"body":"right proportions in order, to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":759.913,"endTime":761.313,"body":"basically sustain the chemistry."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":761.313,"endTime":764.0,"body":"You know, if you've got, too"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":761.313,"endTime":764.0,"body":"much fuel and not enough oxygen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":764.0,"endTime":766.2,"body":"while your, your reaction"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":764.0,"endTime":766.2,"body":"isn't going to work, and, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":766.2,"endTime":768.82,"body":"vice versa, if you have, too"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":766.2,"endTime":768.82,"body":"much oxygen, not enough fuel,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":768.82,"endTime":771.175,"body":"you're not going to be able"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":768.82,"endTime":771.175,"body":"to generate enough energy."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":771.377,"endTime":773.813,"body":"So this idea of, of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":771.377,"endTime":773.813,"body":"flammability limits is,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":773.813,"endTime":776.693,"body":"is pretty well established"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":773.813,"endTime":776.693,"body":"and, you know, for more or"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":776.693,"endTime":779.733,"body":"less any fuel, uh, nowadays"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":776.693,"endTime":779.733,"body":"you can loop these up."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":779.873,"endTime":782.173,"body":"The thing that I think is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":779.873,"endTime":782.173,"body":"usually quite surprising"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":782.503,"endTime":785.533,"body":"to people, Is that the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":782.503,"endTime":785.533,"body":"flammability ranges for"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":785.923,"endTime":789.493,"body":"most hydrocarbon fuels are"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":785.923,"endTime":789.493,"body":"the most common things that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":789.493,"endTime":790.913,"body":"burn, are usually quite low."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":790.913,"endTime":792.873,"body":"You know, you're usually, uh, in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":792.873,"endTime":793.513,"body":"the region of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":793.588,"endTime":793.788,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":793.903,"endTime":797.273,"body":"a few percent, you know, two, 3%"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":793.903,"endTime":797.273,"body":"as the lower flammability limit."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":797.283,"endTime":799.377,"body":"So you don't need very"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":797.283,"endTime":799.377,"body":"much fuel, in your"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":799.377,"endTime":800.337,"body":"air for it to burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":800.557,"endTime":804.737,"body":"But once you get above, I don't"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":800.557,"endTime":804.737,"body":"know, maybe six or 7%, then"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":804.737,"endTime":807.977,"body":"for a lot of fuels it will be"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":804.737,"endTime":807.977,"body":"too, what we would say too,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":807.977,"endTime":809.457,"body":"fuel rich in order to burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":809.457,"endTime":811.857,"body":"There's too much fuel"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":809.457,"endTime":811.857,"body":"to sustain the reaction."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":812.163,"endTime":814.68,"body":"of course of our exceptions,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":812.163,"endTime":814.68,"body":"the flammability limits of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":814.92,"endTime":815.84,"body":"hydrogen are, are massive."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":815.9,"endTime":818.08,"body":"Now, off the top of my head,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":815.9,"endTime":818.08,"body":"I don't remember, five to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":818.08,"endTime":819.64,"body":"75% something like this."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":819.849,"endTime":821.333,"body":"methane is from"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":821.418,"endTime":822.208,"body":"It must have been."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":822.208,"endTime":822.408,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":823.363,"endTime":825.253,"body":"of methane"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":823.363,"endTime":825.253,"body":"in air, will burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":825.443,"endTime":825.603,"body":"but"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":825.618,"endTime":826.108,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":826.283,"endTime":830.363,"body":"into perhaps more common"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":826.283,"endTime":830.363,"body":"fuels, you know, your, your"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":830.363,"endTime":832.977,"body":"liquid hydrocarbons, and those"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":830.363,"endTime":832.977,"body":"sorts of things, you're down"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":832.977,"endTime":835.537,"body":"in this range of the lower"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":832.977,"endTime":835.537,"body":"flammability limit being around."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":836.292,"endTime":839.152,"body":"You know, two or 3%, and then"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":836.292,"endTime":839.152,"body":"the upper flammability limit"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":839.152,"endTime":841.512,"body":"being around seven or 8%."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":842.392,"endTime":843.872,"body":"it's always in, in these"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":842.392,"endTime":843.872,"body":"sorts of ballparks."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":843.872,"endTime":846.67,"body":"And that's a really useful"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":843.872,"endTime":846.67,"body":"thing, to know for identifying,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":846.725,"endTime":850.245,"body":"the hazards posed by mixtures"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":846.725,"endTime":850.245,"body":"of fuel and air, um, and how"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":850.322,"endTime":853.002,"body":"can look at whether or not,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":850.322,"endTime":853.002,"body":"you know, it's possible to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":853.202,"endTime":854.158,"body":"generate flammable mixtures."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":854.178,"endTime":857.178,"body":"because from that concept, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":854.178,"endTime":857.178,"body":"concept of the flammability"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":857.178,"endTime":860.955,"body":"limits of fuel gas in air,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":857.178,"endTime":860.955,"body":"uh, you can define the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":860.955,"endTime":863.798,"body":"hazard posed by liquid fuels"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":860.955,"endTime":863.798,"body":"through the flashpoint, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":863.798,"endTime":866.425,"body":"the hazard posed by solid"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":863.798,"endTime":866.425,"body":"fuels through the, critical"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":866.425,"endTime":868.745,"body":"heat flux or the, the surface"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":866.425,"endTime":868.745,"body":"temperature and ignition."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":868.945,"endTime":871.265,"body":"So all of those ignition"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":868.945,"endTime":871.265,"body":"phenomena are linked"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":871.265,"endTime":872.625,"body":"back to this idea of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":873.005,"endTime":873.485,"body":"limits."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":873.724,"endTime":877.127,"body":"I, I acetylene may have"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":873.724,"endTime":877.127,"body":"the, the, the widest, I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":877.127,"endTime":880.687,"body":"think it has some crazy why,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":877.127,"endTime":880.687,"body":"like 2% to 80 as well, like"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":880.687,"endTime":882.5,"body":"similar to, to hydrogens."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":882.5,"endTime":885.14,"body":"But this are not"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":882.5,"endTime":885.14,"body":"your common fuels."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":885.14,"endTime":887.38,"body":"Like, like you've said, many"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":885.14,"endTime":887.38,"body":"of them would have very narrow."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":887.79,"endTime":891.083,"body":"So when there's not enough"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":887.79,"endTime":891.083,"body":"oxygen, does it mean that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":891.083,"endTime":894.203,"body":"that oxidation reaction is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":891.083,"endTime":894.203,"body":"not happening or it just, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":894.203,"endTime":897.583,"body":"happens, but at the not, quick"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":894.203,"endTime":897.583,"body":"enough rate to to sustain it?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":897.898,"endTime":900.028,"body":"both, I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":897.898,"endTime":900.028,"body":"guess, Um, at some point"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":900.028,"endTime":900.868,"body":"it stops happening."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":901.143,"endTime":901.497,"body":"Okay"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":901.705,"endTime":902.255,"body":"if you,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":902.294,"endTime":904.418,"body":"can encourage chemical"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":902.294,"endTime":904.418,"body":"reactions to happen more"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":904.428,"endTime":907.068,"body":"by heating them up, or by"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":904.428,"endTime":907.068,"body":"increasing the pressure."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":907.068,"endTime":907.308,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":907.553,"endTime":907.713,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":907.759,"endTime":908.975,"body":"um, if you think of a chemical"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":909.19,"endTime":909.8,"body":"Ah-huh"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":910.175,"endTime":912.895,"body":"when two molecules"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":910.175,"endTime":912.895,"body":"kind of bash into each other or"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":912.895,"endTime":914.615,"body":"collide, then you can increase"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":914.79,"endTime":914.95,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":915.215,"endTime":915.935,"body":"of that happening."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":915.985,"endTime":919.258,"body":"If you the temperature"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":915.985,"endTime":919.258,"body":"of your mixture so the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":919.258,"endTime":921.218,"body":"fuel and air molecules"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":921.218,"endTime":921.898,"body":"are moving more"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":921.993,"endTime":922.153,"body":"hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":922.419,"endTime":923.588,"body":"or you can"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":922.419,"endTime":923.588,"body":"increase the pressure."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":923.588,"endTime":925.348,"body":"So you're just forcing"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":923.588,"endTime":925.348,"body":"them to be closer together."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":925.348,"endTime":928.303,"body":"And both of those things,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":925.348,"endTime":928.303,"body":"effectively increase the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":928.303,"endTime":929.623,"body":"probability of collisions."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":929.993,"endTime":932.543,"body":"So the flammability limits"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":929.993,"endTime":932.543,"body":"we've just, we've just spoken"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":932.543,"endTime":935.943,"body":"about are all at, know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":932.543,"endTime":935.943,"body":"standard conditions at pressure,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":936.127,"endTime":936.447,"body":"20"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":936.507,"endTime":936.667,"body":"hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":936.807,"endTime":937.327,"body":"Celsius"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":937.937,"endTime":940.767,"body":"If you increase the pressure or"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":937.937,"endTime":940.767,"body":"you increase the temperature,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":940.767,"endTime":943.287,"body":"then the flammability"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":940.767,"endTime":943.287,"body":"ranges typically widen,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":943.577,"endTime":945.447,"body":"um, and you'll be able to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":945.457,"endTime":945.947,"body":"Okay"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":946.047,"endTime":947.062,"body":"reactions to, to propagate."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":947.205,"endTime":947.965,"body":"Makes sense."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":947.965,"endTime":951.565,"body":"Yeah, and I guess also in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":947.965,"endTime":951.565,"body":"oxygen reach, like I had an"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":951.565,"endTime":954.125,"body":"episode by about spacecraft"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":951.565,"endTime":954.125,"body":"where they would have an"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":954.125,"endTime":956.205,"body":"increased oxygen concentration."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":956.205,"endTime":958.365,"body":"You would have a a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":956.205,"endTime":958.365,"body":"different limit again"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":958.52,"endTime":959.16,"body":"flammability limit"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":959.16,"endTime":960.96,"body":"you always have to check,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":959.16,"endTime":960.96,"body":"you know, is it in air?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":960.96,"endTime":964.68,"body":"Is it in oxygen, is it by"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":960.96,"endTime":964.68,"body":"volume percent, mass percent?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":964.68,"endTime":966.44,"body":"So there's, there's a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":964.68,"endTime":966.44,"body":"few details in there."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":966.734,"endTime":969.127,"body":"but in principle, I mean, one"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":966.734,"endTime":969.127,"body":"of the things we are quite"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":969.127,"endTime":972.087,"body":"lucky about in fire science"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":969.127,"endTime":972.087,"body":"is most of our applications."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":972.81,"endTime":976.23,"body":"Atmospheric pressure"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":972.81,"endTime":976.23,"body":"and, know, 21% oxygen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":976.64,"endTime":977.04,"body":"in air"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":977.475,"endTime":977.965,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":978.12,"endTime":978.24,"body":"yet"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":978.335,"endTime":979.105,"body":"that's true"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":979.12,"endTime":981.52,"body":"stuff, high oxygen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":979.12,"endTime":981.52,"body":"concentrations and high"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":981.76,"endTime":983.6,"body":"pressures to the, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":981.76,"endTime":983.6,"body":"clever people who do"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":983.6,"endTime":984.8,"body":"microgravity combustion."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":985.285,"endTime":986.555,"body":"Un"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":985.285,"endTime":986.555,"body":"unless you're doing fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":986.555,"endTime":989.875,"body":"safety engineering in Denver"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":986.555,"endTime":989.875,"body":"then, or Mexico City, then"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":990.395,"endTime":991.555,"body":". It's, it's more tricky."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":992.762,"endTime":993.54,"body":"Uh, okay."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":993.728,"endTime":997.632,"body":"now on next on my list, we've"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":993.728,"endTime":997.632,"body":"discussed, the, the stoichometry"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":997.652,"endTime":1000.278,"body":"of the, of the reaction,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":997.652,"endTime":1000.278,"body":"like how concentrations of,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1000.428,"endTime":1003.135,"body":"fuel and oxygen, allows the,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1000.428,"endTime":1003.135,"body":"the combustion to happen."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1003.195,"endTime":1005.495,"body":"Now, I, I'm wondering"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1003.195,"endTime":1005.495,"body":"about the ignitions."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1005.495,"endTime":1008.095,"body":"You've said, uh, that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1005.495,"endTime":1008.095,"body":"there's a spark or there's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1008.095,"endTime":1012.175,"body":"a, a pilot flame that can"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1008.095,"endTime":1012.175,"body":"ignite the, the mixture."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1012.405,"endTime":1015.362,"body":"Like, what are the ways, how"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1012.405,"endTime":1015.362,"body":"the mixture can be ignited?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1015.362,"endTime":1015.762,"body":"I think that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1015.762,"endTime":1017.042,"body":"that's an interesting concept"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1017.322,"endTime":1019.392,"body":"course if you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1017.322,"endTime":1019.392,"body":"have, even a flammable mixture"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1019.392,"endTime":1023.352,"body":"of fuel and air within a, a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1019.392,"endTime":1023.352,"body":"volume, within a room, whatever."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1023.78,"endTime":1026.91,"body":"that will not necessarily"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1023.78,"endTime":1026.91,"body":"immediately ignite, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1026.91,"endTime":1029.19,"body":"You have to put an"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1026.91,"endTime":1029.19,"body":"ignition source there."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1029.273,"endTime":1030.333,"body":"the ignition source,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1030.413,"endTime":1034.033,"body":"for mixtures, I mean, can"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1030.413,"endTime":1034.033,"body":"be, I mean, many things."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1034.033,"endTime":1035.033,"body":"You could have a small flame."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1035.403,"endTime":1037.233,"body":"Um, and a decent rule of thumb"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1037.388,"endTime":1037.548,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1037.553,"endTime":1040.843,"body":"that, any flame will be capable"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1037.553,"endTime":1040.843,"body":"of igniting a flammable mixture."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1041.162,"endTime":1042.34,"body":"you can use a spark."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1042.355,"endTime":1042.845,"body":"Okay"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1043.02,"endTime":1044.02,"body":"are a little more complicated."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1044.167,"endTime":1046.437,"body":"usually there's a concept"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1044.167,"endTime":1046.437,"body":"known as the minimum"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1046.437,"endTime":1048.22,"body":"ignition energy, which is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1048.22,"endTime":1049.02,"body":"basically the energy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1049.3,"endTime":1052.513,"body":"spark has to contain, in order"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1049.3,"endTime":1052.513,"body":"for it to ignite the mixture."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1052.773,"endTime":1054.433,"body":"You could just heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1052.773,"endTime":1054.433,"body":"the mixture up."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1054.603,"endTime":1057.513,"body":"Um, so quite a lot of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1054.603,"endTime":1057.513,"body":"combustion, uh, work is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1057.513,"endTime":1059.873,"body":"done simply by putting"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1057.513,"endTime":1059.873,"body":"a flammable mixture in a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1059.873,"endTime":1062.073,"body":"vessel and increasing the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1059.873,"endTime":1062.073,"body":"temperature of that vessel"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1062.113,"endTime":1063.353,"body":"until you get ignition."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1063.707,"endTime":1064.587,"body":"Other things that can cause"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1064.682,"endTime":1064.842,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1064.987,"endTime":1067.787,"body":"would be, you know, hot"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1064.987,"endTime":1067.787,"body":"particles, hot surfaces."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1068.037,"endTime":1071.307,"body":"Um, and these are often, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1068.037,"endTime":1071.307,"body":"know, if you are looking at fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1071.307,"endTime":1074.347,"body":"hazards and processed plants"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1071.307,"endTime":1074.347,"body":"or, or whatever, those are very"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1074.347,"endTime":1076.987,"body":"often the kinds of hazards that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1074.347,"endTime":1076.987,"body":"you're most, I guess alert to."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1077.3,"endTime":1079.77,"body":"so ignition sources"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1077.3,"endTime":1079.77,"body":"are very plentiful."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1079.77,"endTime":1082.843,"body":"And I think one of the nice"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1079.77,"endTime":1082.843,"body":"things that, fire engineering"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1082.843,"endTime":1086.003,"body":"has done and process safety"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1082.843,"endTime":1086.003,"body":"does, is we kind of assume that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1086.003,"endTime":1087.363,"body":"there will always be one, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1087.373,"endTime":1088.04,"body":"So, we"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1088.22,"endTime":1088.3,"body":"of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1088.415,"endTime":1089.025,"body":"Mm-hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1089.12,"endTime":1091.04,"body":"have the conditions"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1089.12,"endTime":1091.04,"body":"where there's a, a flammable"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1091.04,"endTime":1092.718,"body":"mixer, we will get ignition."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1092.817,"endTime":1095.127,"body":"uh, and that's, I think that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1092.817,"endTime":1095.127,"body":"pretty fundamental to how we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1095.127,"endTime":1096.247,"body":"study a lot of these problems."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1096.818,"endTime":1100.158,"body":"so, when you, when it comes"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1096.818,"endTime":1100.158,"body":"to other modes of ignition,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1100.158,"endTime":1102.465,"body":"I guess, what we trying"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1100.158,"endTime":1102.465,"body":"to do is try and divide"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1102.465,"endTime":1104.028,"body":"them into, two categories."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1104.358,"endTime":1107.188,"body":"Uh, we have the piloted"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1104.358,"endTime":1107.188,"body":"ignition, um, so that's where"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1107.188,"endTime":1110.468,"body":"we, you know, physically put"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1107.188,"endTime":1110.468,"body":"something there to, to start"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1110.468,"endTime":1111.908,"body":"the, the combustion reaction."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1112.278,"endTime":1115.515,"body":"Um, or we have so-called"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1112.278,"endTime":1115.515,"body":"spontaneous or auto ignition."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1115.515,"endTime":1115.898,"body":"well,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1117.028,"endTime":1117.378,"body":"so"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1117.378,"endTime":1121.458,"body":"the, the piloted cases are quite"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1117.378,"endTime":1121.458,"body":"nice because we can very easily"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1121.458,"endTime":1122.978,"body":"define the ignition process."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1123.395,"endTime":1128.122,"body":"we heat up a, liquid or, a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1123.395,"endTime":1128.122,"body":"solid fuel usually, uh, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1128.122,"endTime":1131.842,"body":"we get to a certain condition"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1128.122,"endTime":1131.842,"body":"where the, the pilot flame"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1131.842,"endTime":1134.402,"body":"that's there, or this pilot"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1131.842,"endTime":1134.402,"body":"spark that's there will ignite"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1134.402,"endTime":1135.562,"body":"the flammable gases that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1135.562,"endTime":1136.122,"body":"are evolved."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1136.312,"endTime":1138.322,"body":"When we look at auto ignition,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1136.312,"endTime":1138.322,"body":"it's a little bit more"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1138.322,"endTime":1141.162,"body":"complicated because we have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1138.322,"endTime":1141.162,"body":"to understand much more."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1141.735,"endTime":1144.117,"body":"the processes that are"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1141.735,"endTime":1144.117,"body":"going on in the solid phase"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1144.117,"endTime":1145.437,"body":"and also in the gas phase."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1145.847,"endTime":1148.477,"body":"So we have to understand"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1145.847,"endTime":1148.477,"body":"how the gas molecules are"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1148.477,"endTime":1150.757,"body":"absorbing energy, how they're"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1148.477,"endTime":1150.757,"body":"heating up, what is the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1150.757,"endTime":1152.717,"body":"temperature of that gas mixture."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1152.777,"endTime":1155.997,"body":"And that's, it's kind of an"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1152.777,"endTime":1155.997,"body":"ugly problem to try and solve."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1156.197,"endTime":1159.147,"body":"so fire science from more"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1156.197,"endTime":1159.147,"body":"or less the beginning"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1159.387,"endTime":1162.107,"body":"took that ugly problem and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1159.387,"endTime":1162.107,"body":"said, we're just not going"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1162.247,"endTime":1162.594,"body":"deal with"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1162.842,"endTime":1163.702,"body":"how convenient"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1163.887,"endTime":1165.587,"body":"and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1163.887,"endTime":1165.587,"body":"we're gonna focus in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1166.727,"endTime":1166.967,"body":"world"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1166.987,"endTime":1169.68,"body":"because then when"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1166.987,"endTime":1169.68,"body":"we're dealing with liquids and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1169.68,"endTime":1172.44,"body":"with solids, we can more or"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1169.68,"endTime":1172.44,"body":"less ignore everything that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1172.44,"endTime":1173.4,"body":"happening in the gas phase."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1173.49,"endTime":1175.84,"body":"We only have to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1173.49,"endTime":1175.84,"body":"worry about what's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1175.84,"endTime":1176.44,"body":"happening in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1176.44,"endTime":1176.64,"body":"the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1176.64,"endTime":1177.08,"body":"condensed"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1177.08,"endTime":1177.76,"body":"phase, in the solid"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1177.76,"endTime":1180.083,"body":"or in the liquid and that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1177.76,"endTime":1180.083,"body":"a very, very powerful"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1180.083,"endTime":1180.843,"body":"thing to be able to do."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1180.843,"endTime":1181.055,"body":"Right."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1181.197,"endTime":1183.96,"body":"but it does, or hide some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1181.197,"endTime":1183.96,"body":"of the complexities around"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1183.96,"endTime":1186.44,"body":"the ignition process, which"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1183.96,"endTime":1186.44,"body":"is the ignition is a gas"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1187.119,"endTime":1190.217,"body":"But when we talk about it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1187.119,"endTime":1190.217,"body":"in terms of, of defining"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1190.217,"endTime":1192.377,"body":"the hazard, we talk about"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1190.217,"endTime":1192.377,"body":"things that are related to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1192.377,"endTime":1193.257,"body":"the solid or to the liquid."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1193.257,"endTime":1195.257,"body":"You know, the flashpoint is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1193.257,"endTime":1195.257,"body":"a property of the liquid."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1195.437,"endTime":1197.697,"body":"The critical heat flux is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1195.437,"endTime":1197.697,"body":"a property of the solid."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1198.067,"endTime":1200.697,"body":"Um, and I think quite"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1198.067,"endTime":1200.697,"body":"often we forget."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1200.847,"endTime":1202.937,"body":"I think that that's what"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1200.847,"endTime":1202.937,"body":"we're talking about."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1202.937,"endTime":1205.497,"body":"You know, and, and that in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1202.937,"endTime":1205.497,"body":"the end, the ignition process"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1205.982,"endTime":1206.102,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1206.177,"endTime":1210.097,"body":"nothing more than heating your"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1206.177,"endTime":1210.097,"body":"solid or your gas to the point"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1210.097,"endTime":1214.977,"body":"where the mixture above the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1210.097,"endTime":1214.977,"body":"surface of that solid or that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1214.977,"endTime":1218.657,"body":"liquid is at the flammable"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1214.977,"endTime":1218.657,"body":"low flammability limit."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1218.657,"endTime":1221.497,"body":"And if you've got a spark or"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1218.657,"endTime":1221.497,"body":"if you have a pilot flame, then"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1221.497,"endTime":1222.337,"body":"that's all you're doing, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1222.337,"endTime":1224.497,"body":"The conceptual leap is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1222.337,"endTime":1224.497,"body":"always the same, which is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1224.497,"endTime":1227.577,"body":"the flammability limits are"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1224.497,"endTime":1227.577,"body":"what define flaming ignition."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1228.157,"endTime":1230.347,"body":"And, the rest of it is some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1230.347,"endTime":1232.843,"body":"kind of way to try to express"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1232.843,"endTime":1233.283,"body":"that hazard."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1233.693,"endTime":1234.915,"body":"it's,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1233.693,"endTime":1234.915,"body":"it's super funny that you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1234.915,"endTime":1238.195,"body":"say that fire science is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1234.915,"endTime":1238.195,"body":"conveniently uh, taken out and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1238.195,"endTime":1239.875,"body":"focused on liquids and gases."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1239.875,"endTime":1243.655,"body":"Where in the today's fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1239.875,"endTime":1243.655,"body":"science, like what are"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1243.655,"endTime":1246.385,"body":"the sexiest topics We"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1243.655,"endTime":1246.385,"body":"have, uh, timber in civil"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1246.665,"endTime":1249.785,"body":"engineering, of course,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1246.665,"endTime":1249.785,"body":"that's solid phase facades."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1249.785,"endTime":1252.665,"body":"Well, welcome to solid"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1249.785,"endTime":1252.665,"body":"face, but in awkward,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1252.665,"endTime":1253.945,"body":"uh, configuration again."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1254.445,"endTime":1254.882,"body":"And, there."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1254.882,"endTime":1257.082,"body":"There's no escape"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1254.882,"endTime":1257.082,"body":"from, uh, solving this."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1257.082,"endTime":1259.478,"body":"It's, well, there, the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1257.082,"endTime":1259.478,"body":"solutions exist, right?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1259.478,"endTime":1259.656,"body":"And"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1260.065,"endTime":1261.205,"body":"the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1260.065,"endTime":1261.205,"body":"solutions exist."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1261.205,"endTime":1265.045,"body":"I think the, the issue, with"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1261.205,"endTime":1265.045,"body":"a lot of this stuff is we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1265.045,"endTime":1270.623,"body":"understand pretty well, I think"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1265.045,"endTime":1270.623,"body":"for individual materials, We've"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1270.623,"endTime":1273.226,"body":"known, I mean, even before"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1270.623,"endTime":1273.226,"body":"timber, in the built environment"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1273.226,"endTime":1276.026,"body":"became a sexy topic, we knew"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1273.226,"endTime":1276.026,"body":"how wood burned reasonably well."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1276.026,"endTime":1277.106,"body":"There's still many questions"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1277.171,"endTime":1277.591,"body":"Yep"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1277.626,"endTime":1280.646,"body":"fully have resolved, but, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1277.626,"endTime":1280.646,"body":"know, before, that kind of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1280.646,"endTime":1282.966,"body":"started, you know, there's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1280.646,"endTime":1282.966,"body":"a very nice chapter in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1282.966,"endTime":1284.006,"body":"Introduction to fire dynamics."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1284.006,"endTime":1286.806,"body":"There's a nice section there"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1284.006,"endTime":1286.806,"body":"on how wood burns, how it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1286.806,"endTime":1289.56,"body":"ignites, you know, everything"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1286.806,"endTime":1289.56,"body":"was laid out, before."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1289.56,"endTime":1290.04,"body":"Cause wood"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1290.04,"endTime":1290.36,"body":"is not"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1290.435,"endTime":1290.785,"body":"Mm,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1291.4,"endTime":1293.24,"body":"material We have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1291.4,"endTime":1293.24,"body":"to you know, bear that in mind."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1293.405,"endTime":1293.825,"body":"yep"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1293.96,"endTime":1295.88,"body":"engineer timber does not"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1293.96,"endTime":1295.88,"body":"burn differently from"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1295.88,"endTime":1297.08,"body":"regular wood, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1297.08,"endTime":1299.05,"body":"I mean, the laws of physics"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1297.08,"endTime":1299.05,"body":"are the laws of physics."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1299.14,"endTime":1301.616,"body":"So, what I think is, is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1299.14,"endTime":1301.616,"body":"interesting about it is that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1301.616,"endTime":1305.376,"body":"once you start trying to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1301.616,"endTime":1305.376,"body":"apply that knowledge in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1305.616,"endTime":1308.016,"body":"engineering design, I think"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1305.616,"endTime":1308.016,"body":"that's maybe the difference"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1308.016,"endTime":1311.016,"body":"that has happened in the last,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1308.016,"endTime":1311.016,"body":"I don't know how many years it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1311.016,"endTime":1314.336,"body":"is now, 5, 6, 7, 8 years I've"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1311.016,"endTime":1314.336,"body":"been around doing this stuff."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1314.873,"endTime":1317.393,"body":"it becomes quite difficult to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1314.873,"endTime":1317.393,"body":"apply that knowledge and, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1317.393,"endTime":1319.793,"body":"if you don't really understand"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1317.393,"endTime":1319.793,"body":"where it all comes from and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1319.793,"endTime":1322.073,"body":"why piloted ignition theory"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1319.793,"endTime":1322.073,"body":"exists in the way that it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1322.073,"endTime":1326.006,"body":"does, can see that it becomes"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1322.073,"endTime":1326.006,"body":"a relatively complex, thing"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1326.006,"endTime":1328.683,"body":"to try and understand, but"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1326.006,"endTime":1328.683,"body":"the burning of all of these"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1328.683,"endTime":1330.803,"body":"solid phase materials, as you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1328.683,"endTime":1330.803,"body":"say, whether it's facades,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1330.803,"endTime":1333.036,"body":"whether it's timber, or"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1330.803,"endTime":1333.036,"body":"whether it's just, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1333.036,"endTime":1335.436,"body":"the stuff that surrounds us,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1333.036,"endTime":1335.436,"body":"uh, in day-to-day life, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1335.436,"endTime":1337.956,"body":"know, the compartment fires"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1335.436,"endTime":1337.956,"body":"are governed by solid fuels."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1337.956,"endTime":1338.956,"body":"I mean, that's how it goes."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1339.326,"endTime":1341.596,"body":"Um, we need to, we need"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1339.326,"endTime":1341.596,"body":"to understand that process"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1341.596,"endTime":1343.876,"body":"of ignition, of solids."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1343.876,"endTime":1346.766,"body":"And I think, unfortunately"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1343.876,"endTime":1346.766,"body":"for fire engineers, we're,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1346.766,"endTime":1349.246,"body":"we're able to remove some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1346.766,"endTime":1349.246,"body":"complexity from our lives."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1349.246,"endTime":1352.246,"body":"But the burning of solids"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1349.246,"endTime":1352.246,"body":"is probably amongst the most"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1352.246,"endTime":1355.633,"body":"complex problems that, science"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1352.246,"endTime":1355.633,"body":"and engineering can, can try"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1355.633,"endTime":1359.353,"body":"and solve just because there are"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1355.633,"endTime":1359.353,"body":"so many very strongly coupled"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1359.593,"endTime":1362.873,"body":"phenomena, um, which is why I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1359.593,"endTime":1362.873,"body":"love doing it right, is why I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1362.973,"endTime":1363.253,"body":"it really"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1363.413,"endTime":1363.653,"body":"interesting."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1363.733,"endTime":1364.223,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1364.523,"endTime":1365.163,"body":"tell me more."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1365.543,"endTime":1369.013,"body":"if, if you can just list like"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1365.543,"endTime":1369.013,"body":"how this phenomenal couple, I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1369.013,"endTime":1371.973,"body":"think it's, it's fascinating to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1369.013,"endTime":1371.973,"body":"understand how much complexity"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1371.973,"endTime":1373.733,"body":"there is in a burning log"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1373.733,"endTime":1374.173,"body":"of timber"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1375.933,"endTime":1376.053,"body":"of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1376.053,"endTime":1377.133,"body":"timber is a pretty good example."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1377.133,"endTime":1379.213,"body":"I mean, if you think"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1377.133,"endTime":1379.213,"body":"about just the processes"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1379.213,"endTime":1380.133,"body":"that are going on, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1380.133,"endTime":1381.653,"body":"We've got to heat the thing up."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1381.653,"endTime":1384.033,"body":"So we've got heat transfer"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1381.653,"endTime":1384.033,"body":"processes, conduction,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1384.833,"endTime":1387.993,"body":"radiation, all playing a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1384.833,"endTime":1387.993,"body":"role, uh, in the burning"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1387.993,"endTime":1388.953,"body":"of a piece of, of timber."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1389.41,"endTime":1390.736,"body":"we've then got the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1389.41,"endTime":1390.736,"body":"chemical reactions."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1390.736,"endTime":1392.096,"body":"We've got the pyrolysis process."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1392.496,"endTime":1394.336,"body":"Pyrolysis is the decomposition"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1394.696,"endTime":1397.416,"body":"the solid fuel into"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1394.696,"endTime":1397.416,"body":"flammable gases."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1397.666,"endTime":1400.016,"body":"Uh, and in the case of a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1397.666,"endTime":1400.016,"body":"piece of timber also leaves"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1400.016,"endTime":1401.53,"body":"behind, a solid char."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1401.53,"endTime":1401.93,"body":"Okay?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1401.93,"endTime":1402.49,"body":"So we've got,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1402.783,"endTime":1403.393,"body":"Mm-hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1403.433,"endTime":1406.656,"body":"reaction that is, turning a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1403.433,"endTime":1406.656,"body":"solid material into gases."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1407.136,"endTime":1410.016,"body":"Maybe you can also get"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1407.136,"endTime":1410.016,"body":"some tar there as well,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1410.016,"endTime":1410.936,"body":"so into some liquids."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1411.186,"endTime":1413.616,"body":"Um, and then we still have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1411.186,"endTime":1413.616,"body":"this solid char left behind."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1413.616,"endTime":1415.216,"body":"So we've got all three phases,"},{"speaker":"rory","startTime":1415.228,"endTime":1415.556,"body":"of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1415.556,"endTime":1415.796,"body":"matter."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1416.058,"endTime":1416.64,"body":"Mm-hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1416.71,"endTime":1416.79,"body":"got"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1416.99,"endTime":1418.973,"body":"chemical reactions"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1416.99,"endTime":1418.973,"body":"that are occurring, on"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1418.973,"endTime":1420.093,"body":"very complex molecules."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1420.093,"endTime":1421.533,"body":"You know, the, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1420.093,"endTime":1421.533,"body":"composition of wood is."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1421.953,"endTime":1424.843,"body":"It's reasonably well known,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1421.953,"endTime":1424.843,"body":"but the, the decomposition"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1425.413,"endTime":1428.283,"body":"of that, of those molecules"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1425.413,"endTime":1428.283,"body":"is not so easy to figure out."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1428.283,"endTime":1429.603,"body":"That will be"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1428.283,"endTime":1429.603,"body":"temperature dependent."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1429.736,"endTime":1432.296,"body":"and it'll also depend probably"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1429.736,"endTime":1432.296,"body":"on the oxygen concentration,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1432.376,"endTime":1434.736,"body":"which brings us to the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1432.376,"endTime":1434.736,"body":"next part, which is we've"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1434.736,"endTime":1437.816,"body":"got to get oxygen from the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1434.736,"endTime":1437.816,"body":"environment to the fuel."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1437.986,"endTime":1441.656,"body":"Um, so we've got a mass transfer"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1437.986,"endTime":1441.656,"body":"problem, um, and we've also got"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1441.656,"endTime":1444.896,"body":"the fluid mechanics because we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1441.656,"endTime":1444.896,"body":"have hot gases rising up, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1444.896,"endTime":1447.77,"body":"that's creating, a whole sort"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1444.896,"endTime":1447.77,"body":"of buoyantly driven airflows."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1448.1,"endTime":1450.05,"body":"So I mean, we've got"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1448.1,"endTime":1450.05,"body":"heat transfer, fluid"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1450.29,"endTime":1452.57,"body":"mechanics, chemical"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1450.29,"endTime":1452.57,"body":"reactions, mass transfer."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1452.7,"endTime":1456.29,"body":"Uh, we've got the whole suite of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1452.7,"endTime":1456.29,"body":"things that are complex to solve"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1456.946,"endTime":1458.086,"body":"the complex to solve."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1458.296,"endTime":1458.966,"body":"because"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1459.39,"endTime":1461.47,"body":"very often we don't know is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1459.39,"endTime":1461.47,"body":"actually what it is, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1461.47,"endTime":1464.03,"body":"We've got all these intermediate"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1461.47,"endTime":1464.03,"body":"stages, you know, what"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1464.03,"endTime":1466.99,"body":"is the exact composition"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1464.03,"endTime":1466.99,"body":"at this position beneath"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1466.99,"endTime":1468.15,"body":"the surface at this time,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1468.37,"endTime":1468.95,"body":"and how"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1468.95,"endTime":1469.59,"body":"does that change"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1469.75,"endTime":1469.91,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1469.95,"endTime":1470.47,"body":"chemical processes?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1471.765,"endTime":1474.605,"body":"actually is the concentration"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1471.765,"endTime":1474.605,"body":"of oxygen near the surface of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1474.605,"endTime":1477.845,"body":"the log, cuz that will change"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1474.605,"endTime":1477.845,"body":"how the char oxidation occurs."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1478.215,"endTime":1482.005,"body":"So it's spatially difficult"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1478.215,"endTime":1482.005,"body":"to resolve, temporarily"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1482.005,"endTime":1483.645,"body":"difficult to resolve, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1483.885,"endTime":1485.565,"body":"never really have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1483.885,"endTime":1485.565,"body":"enough information."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1485.565,"endTime":1487.381,"body":"And also, I don't know"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1485.565,"endTime":1487.381,"body":"how you could even get"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1487.381,"endTime":1488.221,"body":"some of that information."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1488.221,"endTime":1490.381,"body":"I mean, it's, I think that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1488.221,"endTime":1490.381,"body":"one of the tricky things"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1490.381,"endTime":1492.905,"body":"is, you know, the, you can't"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1490.381,"endTime":1492.905,"body":"just stick a probe to measure"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1492.905,"endTime":1496.465,"body":"everything because then you will"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1492.905,"endTime":1496.465,"body":"change the whole system again."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1496.595,"endTime":1496.945,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1497.478,"endTime":1501.118,"body":"me the, the ignition and the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1497.478,"endTime":1501.118,"body":"burning of, of solid fuels"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1501.128,"endTime":1501.478,"body":"is,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1501.878,"endTime":1504.18,"body":"so complex and so fascinating"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1501.878,"endTime":1504.18,"body":"that, I think it does"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1504.18,"endTime":1507.02,"body":"a disservice very often"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1504.18,"endTime":1507.02,"body":"to overly simplify it."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1507.26,"endTime":1509.78,"body":"Although, you know, there are,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1507.26,"endTime":1509.78,"body":"I think simplification is of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1509.78,"endTime":1512.77,"body":"course gonna be required if"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1509.78,"endTime":1512.77,"body":"anybody wants to, to apply this"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1512.77,"endTime":1515.41,"body":"in kind of a, an engineering"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1512.77,"endTime":1515.41,"body":"context rather than just a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1515.41,"endTime":1516.57,"body":"study as a scientific context."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1517.011,"endTime":1519.176,"body":"so the question then"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1517.011,"endTime":1519.176,"body":"becomes how do you simplify?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1519.176,"endTime":1521.896,"body":"And to do that, you have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1519.176,"endTime":1521.896,"body":"to know what are the most"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1521.896,"endTime":1524.456,"body":"important steps there, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1521.896,"endTime":1524.456,"body":"is the most important step."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1524.456,"endTime":1526.373,"body":"The heat transfer is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1524.456,"endTime":1526.373,"body":"the most important step"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1526.823,"endTime":1527.063,"body":"of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1527.063,"endTime":1527.463,"body":"oxygen."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1527.463,"endTime":1529.743,"body":"Cause if you know what the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1527.463,"endTime":1529.743,"body":"most important steps are,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1529.743,"endTime":1533.28,"body":"you can design, a tool or a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1529.743,"endTime":1533.28,"body":"method to help you, simplify,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1533.28,"endTime":1535.84,"body":"I should say, the problem, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1533.28,"endTime":1535.84,"body":"such that it can be applied,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1536.02,"endTime":1538.48,"body":"but you have to go into"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1536.02,"endTime":1538.48,"body":"all of the details, I think"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1538.83,"endTime":1539.19,"body":"you can"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1539.2,"endTime":1539.44,"body":"just,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1539.656,"endTime":1540.816,"body":"that, make that, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1541.046,"endTime":1541.486,"body":"simplification."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1541.763,"endTime":1544.023,"body":"Man, this was supposed"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1541.763,"endTime":1544.023,"body":"to be an introductory epi"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1544.023,"endTime":1544.983,"body":"and it's already crazy."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1545.333,"endTime":1550.103,"body":"I , I'm sorry to everyone who"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1545.333,"endTime":1550.103,"body":"came here to, to figure out the,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1550.103,"endTime":1552.78,"body":"the definitions, but, that's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1550.103,"endTime":1552.78,"body":"the beauty of fire science."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1552.78,"endTime":1557.256,"body":"Like that's the reason why it's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1552.78,"endTime":1557.256,"body":"such a complicated science and,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1557.35,"endTime":1561.49,"body":"why we are not getting out of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1557.35,"endTime":1561.49,"body":"our jobs anywhere soon because"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1561.49,"endTime":1562.97,"body":"that's, it's, it's, yeah,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1563.2,"endTime":1563.81,"body":"it's not"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1563.81,"endTime":1564.21,"body":"easy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1564.29,"endTime":1565.73,"body":"and and in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1564.29,"endTime":1565.73,"body":"some levels, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1565.73,"endTime":1567.53,"body":"why should it be, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1567.56,"endTime":1568.85,"body":"I think very often,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1569.06,"endTime":1569.55,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1569.863,"endTime":1572.22,"body":"people have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1569.863,"endTime":1572.22,"body":"a perception that, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1572.22,"endTime":1574.34,"body":"I've seen fires, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1572.22,"endTime":1574.34,"body":"I've built campfires."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1574.34,"endTime":1576.54,"body":"I, you know, have a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1574.34,"endTime":1576.54,"body":"wood burner at home."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1576.57,"endTime":1578.5,"body":"I have a, a coal firer at home."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1578.649,"endTime":1579.59,"body":"and, and there's this kind of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1580.08,"endTime":1581.56,"body":"everyday familiarity with fires."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1581.56,"endTime":1583.56,"body":"And one of the things I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1581.56,"endTime":1583.56,"body":"see, you know, as my job,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1584.01,"endTime":1586.92,"body":"um, when I'm teaching, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1584.01,"endTime":1586.92,"body":"know, undergraduate students"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1586.92,"endTime":1589.48,"body":"or MSC students, is to try"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1586.92,"endTime":1589.48,"body":"and break down that, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1589.48,"endTime":1589.88,"body":"know that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1590.183,"endTime":1592.583,"body":"comfort with the phenomena of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1590.183,"endTime":1592.583,"body":"fire and trying to introduce"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1592.723,"endTime":1595.17,"body":"all of these complexities"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1592.723,"endTime":1595.17,"body":"because, I think I've said it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1595.17,"endTime":1598.01,"body":"before, but the, one of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1595.17,"endTime":1598.01,"body":"best bits of engineering in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1598.01,"endTime":1599.45,"body":"my house is the fireplace."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1599.45,"endTime":1603.09,"body":"You know, it's extraordinarily"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1599.45,"endTime":1603.09,"body":"simple, but every single time"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1603.09,"endTime":1606.09,"body":"I light a fire there, I get a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1603.09,"endTime":1606.09,"body":"more or less consistent result."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1606.09,"endTime":1608.89,"body":"You know, the, from how"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1606.09,"endTime":1608.89,"body":"the chimney operates"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1609.015,"endTime":1609.435,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1609.53,"endTime":1611.77,"body":"air flows in, through the,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1609.53,"endTime":1611.77,"body":"the bottom of the fireplace"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1611.9,"endTime":1613.25,"body":"to how the heat's radiated"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1613.25,"endTime":1613.73,"body":"into the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1613.73,"endTime":1613.93,"body":"room."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1614.12,"endTime":1616.41,"body":"It's an extremely efficient"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1614.12,"endTime":1616.41,"body":"piece of engineering"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1616.41,"endTime":1618.61,"body":"and something that we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1616.41,"endTime":1618.61,"body":"engineered before we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1618.61,"endTime":1619.97,"body":"really understood all of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1619.97,"endTime":1620.13,"body":"these,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1620.395,"endTime":1620.815,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1621.363,"endTime":1624.063,"body":"so think, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1621.363,"endTime":1624.063,"body":"complexity and things, I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1624.063,"endTime":1625.903,"body":"think we have to acknowledge"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1624.063,"endTime":1625.903,"body":"that they're there."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1626.146,"endTime":1627.456,"body":"as we go through um"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1627.686,"endTime":1627.966,"body":"these"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1627.976,"endTime":1628.365,"body":"problems."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1628.769,"endTime":1631.006,"body":"I think,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1628.769,"endTime":1631.006,"body":"uh, another breakthrough in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1631.006,"endTime":1635.366,"body":"in your personal pathway as"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1631.006,"endTime":1635.366,"body":"a fire safety engineer comes"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1635.366,"endTime":1639.856,"body":"when, for the first time you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1635.366,"endTime":1639.856,"body":"experience, a really large fire."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1640.266,"endTime":1644.936,"body":"like when you take a piece of,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1640.266,"endTime":1644.936,"body":"I don't know, polyethylene,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1645.306,"endTime":1650.976,"body":"uh, and you put it into bomb to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1645.306,"endTime":1650.976,"body":"measure the heat of combustion,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1651.426,"endTime":1655.393,"body":"in the end you get a slightly"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1651.426,"endTime":1655.393,"body":"hot water and, and a number."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1655.693,"endTime":1658.513,"body":"You put that thing in a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1655.693,"endTime":1658.513,"body":"cone calorimeter okay, it's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1658.513,"endTime":1659.953,"body":"gonna burn quite nicely."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1659.953,"endTime":1663.24,"body":"But it's not a very, very"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1659.953,"endTime":1663.24,"body":"impressive thing uh, if"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1663.24,"endTime":1666.28,"body":"you take a larger piece"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1663.24,"endTime":1666.28,"body":"of that and somehow ignite"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1666.28,"endTime":1668.68,"body":"it, it's, it's interesting"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1666.28,"endTime":1668.68,"body":"to observe how it ignites."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1669.02,"endTime":1671.91,"body":"And if you put that thing on a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1669.02,"endTime":1671.91,"body":"facade, it's a raging inferno"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1672.0,"endTime":1673.973,"body":"it's nothing you've"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1672.0,"endTime":1673.973,"body":"seen in your life."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1673.973,"endTime":1677.82,"body":"Like someone opened a portal"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1673.973,"endTime":1677.82,"body":"to hell and, For me, it was"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1677.82,"endTime":1681.15,"body":"a huge lesson of, I, I didn't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1677.82,"endTime":1681.15,"body":"even know, know the world."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1681.15,"endTime":1685.55,"body":"Like it, it was really"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1681.15,"endTime":1685.55,"body":"interesting to see how much"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1685.55,"endTime":1687.23,"body":"the scale changes the fire."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1687.73,"endTime":1691.87,"body":"And once you heat a particular"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1687.73,"endTime":1691.87,"body":"large scale with a very bad"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1692.19,"endTime":1697.04,"body":"material, how bad and how"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1692.19,"endTime":1697.04,"body":"quickly it can, evolve, and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1697.04,"endTime":1700.456,"body":"once you first time in your"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1697.04,"endTime":1700.456,"body":"life experience that, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1700.456,"endTime":1703.136,"body":"when you see a results from"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1700.456,"endTime":1703.136,"body":"cone color, okay, this one"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1703.136,"endTime":1706.416,"body":"has like 20% more heat release"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1703.136,"endTime":1706.416,"body":"rate than the previous one."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1706.737,"endTime":1709.62,"body":"that doesn't seem like a, such a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1706.737,"endTime":1709.62,"body":"huge deal, but it is in the end."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1709.86,"endTime":1710.5,"body":"It it is."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1711.21,"endTime":1713.14,"body":"Same when you observe"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1711.21,"endTime":1713.14,"body":"compartment fires."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1713.14,"endTime":1718.613,"body":"So I I wondered why in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1713.14,"endTime":1718.613,"body":"larger scale, these bad"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1718.613,"endTime":1719.653,"body":"fuels are even worse?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1719.653,"endTime":1719.933,"body":"Why?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1719.933,"endTime":1723.613,"body":"Why these fires can so"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1719.933,"endTime":1723.613,"body":"tremendously accelerate"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1723.613,"endTime":1728.815,"body":"and, uh, Why we have such"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1723.613,"endTime":1728.815,"body":"a hard time slowing that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1728.815,"endTime":1730.175,"body":"down, like making these"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1730.335,"endTime":1730.975,"body":"materials slow down"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1731.29,"endTime":1732.21,"body":"are um"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1732.96,"endTime":1736.466,"body":"are uh all about"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1732.96,"endTime":1736.466,"body":"feedbacks  The thing that you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1736.466,"endTime":1739.98,"body":"often don't see in a small scale"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1736.466,"endTime":1739.98,"body":"test, is really the, the way"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1739.98,"endTime":1741.26,"body":"in which those feedbacks occur."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1741.26,"endTime":1743.5,"body":"And that's usually because"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1741.26,"endTime":1743.5,"body":"a test has been designed"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1743.5,"endTime":1745.94,"body":"in some way to try and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1743.5,"endTime":1745.94,"body":"eliminate those, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1745.94,"endTime":1748.46,"body":"Because they're difficult"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1745.94,"endTime":1748.46,"body":"to control and whatever."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1748.64,"endTime":1751.26,"body":"But once you start building"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1748.64,"endTime":1751.26,"body":"up, you know, big assemblies,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1751.31,"endTime":1754.696,"body":"um, and, and you let the fire,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1751.31,"endTime":1754.696,"body":"experience or certainly let"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1754.696,"endTime":1755.896,"body":"the materials experience those"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1756.136,"endTime":1756.456,"body":"feedbacks"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1756.575,"endTime":1759.363,"body":"then you get really"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1756.575,"endTime":1759.363,"body":"rapid or you can get"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1759.363,"endTime":1760.363,"body":"really rapid fire growth."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1760.363,"endTime":1762.443,"body":"And I think that that is a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1760.363,"endTime":1762.443,"body":"thing that takes most people"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1762.453,"endTime":1765.003,"body":"by surprise, certainly"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1762.453,"endTime":1765.003,"body":"takes me by surprise."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1765.053,"endTime":1767.923,"body":"Um, now and then when you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1765.053,"endTime":1767.923,"body":"are doing a large scale test"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1767.923,"endTime":1770.963,"body":"and you know, it's these,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1767.923,"endTime":1770.963,"body":"it's these transitions, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1770.963,"endTime":1771.883,"body":"that the fire go through."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1771.883,"endTime":1774.01,"body":"The most famous one of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1771.883,"endTime":1774.01,"body":"course, would be the flashover"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1774.01,"endTime":1774.89,"body":"in a compartment fire."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1775.07,"endTime":1778.17,"body":"But even just if you've got,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1775.07,"endTime":1778.17,"body":"you know, a spreading wildfire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1778.18,"endTime":1779.89,"body":"or a, a spread on a facade"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1780.26,"endTime":1781.25,"body":"as the flames"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1781.25,"endTime":1783.65,"body":"you know, they get larger,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1781.25,"endTime":1783.65,"body":"you're burning more fuel."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1783.71,"endTime":1786.81,"body":"You start to get things like"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1783.71,"endTime":1786.81,"body":"the effects of char oxidation if"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1786.81,"endTime":1787.73,"body":"you've got charring materials."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1788.155,"endTime":1791.155,"body":"Playing a role, uh, external"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1788.155,"endTime":1791.155,"body":"variables, you know, the flow."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1791.495,"endTime":1795.128,"body":"All of these things, generally"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1791.495,"endTime":1795.128,"body":"act to enhance the fire spread."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1795.128,"endTime":1796.928,"body":"And we don't often see"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1795.128,"endTime":1796.928,"body":"that in a small scale"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1797.158,"endTime":1797.878,"body":"in a laboratory,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1798.768,"endTime":1800.848,"body":"because we don't"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1798.768,"endTime":1800.848,"body":"have, you know, we're not"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1800.848,"endTime":1803.048,"body":"releasing enough energy to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1800.848,"endTime":1803.048,"body":"create huge buoying flows,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1803.048,"endTime":1806.108,"body":"and we don't have the external"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1803.048,"endTime":1806.108,"body":"influence of wind, for example."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1806.398,"endTime":1810.285,"body":"So I think for me, the, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1806.398,"endTime":1810.285,"body":"way of, of measuring the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1810.285,"endTime":1812.581,"body":"size of a fire, is always"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1810.285,"endTime":1812.581,"body":"one that's a bit tricky."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1812.581,"endTime":1814.301,"body":"And then I'm gonna try"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1812.581,"endTime":1814.301,"body":"and pull this back onto a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1814.381,"endTime":1815.341,"body":"learning point if we can."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1815.765,"endTime":1818.155,"body":"uh, is, you know, when we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1815.765,"endTime":1818.155,"body":"measure the size of a fire,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1818.155,"endTime":1822.115,"body":"we don't do it based on how"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1818.155,"endTime":1822.115,"body":"tall is the flame or how wide"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1822.115,"endTime":1823.075,"body":"is the thing that's burning."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1823.938,"endTime":1826.688,"body":"we always measure it in terms"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1823.938,"endTime":1826.688,"body":"of the energy that's released."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1827.563,"endTime":1827.983,"body":"And,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1827.983,"endTime":1828.463,"body":"you know we would"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1828.463,"endTime":1829.063,"body":"call that the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1829.148,"endTime":1829.308,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1829.543,"endTime":1833.326,"body":"rate, or the energy release"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1829.543,"endTime":1833.326,"body":"rate or, or what have you."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1833.326,"endTime":1837.336,"body":"But the rate at which basically"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1833.326,"endTime":1837.336,"body":"the, the, the fire's producing"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1837.336,"endTime":1840.923,"body":"energy, and that is measured"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1837.336,"endTime":1840.923,"body":"in, it's a unit of power, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1840.923,"endTime":1843.883,"body":"So it's, um, measured in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1840.923,"endTime":1843.883,"body":"watts, maybe kilowatts,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1845.033,"endTime":1845.713,"body":"megawatts"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1845.723,"endTime":1845.963,"body":"uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1846.443,"endTime":1847.043,"body":"some some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1847.043,"endTime":1847.243,"body":"proper"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1847.673,"endTime":1847.913,"body":"going."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1848.183,"endTime":1850.863,"body":"which is jewels per second,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1848.183,"endTime":1850.863,"body":"like the amount of energy"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1851.143,"endTime":1852.463,"body":"generated per second"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1852.463,"endTime":1853.743,"body":"of of the process Right"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1853.873,"endTime":1856.491,"body":"per second,  you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1853.873,"endTime":1856.491,"body":"know, in a fire you can go"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1856.491,"endTime":1859.291,"body":"from something, I don't know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1856.491,"endTime":1859.291,"body":"a candle flame is on the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1859.291,"endTime":1861.811,"body":"order of, I don't know, 10"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1859.291,"endTime":1861.811,"body":"watts, something like that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1862.005,"endTime":1865.448,"body":"but you can have very easily,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1862.005,"endTime":1865.448,"body":"a compartment fire that's on"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1865.448,"endTime":1867.648,"body":"the order of megawatts in size."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1867.788,"endTime":1870.928,"body":"And if you look at some, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1867.788,"endTime":1870.928,"body":"extreme wildfire behaviors,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1870.928,"endTime":1872.168,"body":"they will be measured."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1872.438,"endTime":1875.408,"body":"It's usually measured in terms"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1872.438,"endTime":1875.408,"body":"of megawatts per meter, right."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1875.408,"endTime":1876.928,"body":"And that's meter"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1875.408,"endTime":1876.928,"body":"of the, the width"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1877.041,"endTime":1877.951,"body":"of the fire line"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1877.951,"endTime":1878.231,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1878.725,"endTime":1880.795,"body":"uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1878.725,"endTime":1880.795,"body":"I, I just had Kevin McGrain"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1880.795,"endTime":1882.955,"body":"on the show when we were"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1880.795,"endTime":1882.955,"body":"discussing World Trade Center."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1882.995,"endTime":1886.195,"body":"Listeners know that you don't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1882.995,"endTime":1886.195,"body":"know that , but, uh, listeners"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1886.195,"endTime":1889.501,"body":"know that there was a Kevin"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1886.195,"endTime":1889.501,"body":"on, on the show and, from their"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1889.501,"endTime":1892.901,"body":"assessment, uh, size of the fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1889.501,"endTime":1892.901,"body":"in the World Trade Center was"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1892.901,"endTime":1894.421,"body":"approximately 2000 megawatt."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1894.421,"endTime":1895.981,"body":"So it was in the gigawatt range."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1896.311,"endTime":1896.861,"body":"So, so"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1896.861,"endTime":1898.501,"body":"that's that's impressive Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1898.646,"endTime":1900.01,"body":"you start"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1898.646,"endTime":1900.01,"body":"putting these numbers in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1900.01,"endTime":1902.53,"body":"context, I mean, it's, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1900.01,"endTime":1902.53,"body":"try to find something to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1902.565,"endTime":1903.055,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1903.09,"endTime":1904.113,"body":"a two gigawatt fire."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1904.113,"endTime":1906.233,"body":"I don't know what, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1904.113,"endTime":1906.233,"body":"know, what is that?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1906.233,"endTime":1908.193,"body":"Is that a nuclear power station?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1908.193,"endTime":1908.833,"body":"Is that the output?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1908.833,"endTime":1909.833,"body":"I mean, I, I don't even know."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1909.833,"endTime":1910.753,"body":"You start, it's getting"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1910.913,"endTime":1913.313,"body":"handle on this and what it feels"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1910.913,"endTime":1913.313,"body":"like is quite, is quite tricky."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1913.313,"endTime":1913.793,"body":"And I, I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1913.828,"endTime":1913.948,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1914.473,"endTime":1917.456,"body":"people who haven't, been able"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1914.473,"endTime":1917.456,"body":"to do this is to, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1917.456,"endTime":1920.136,"body":"try and find a lab somewhere"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1917.456,"endTime":1920.136,"body":"that will let you come in and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1920.136,"endTime":1921.296,"body":"see what a fire looks like."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1921.296,"endTime":1924.52,"body":"Because, in our lab we can"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1921.296,"endTime":1924.52,"body":"run fires of up to, around a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1924.52,"endTime":1927.24,"body":"megawatt, depending on who's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1924.52,"endTime":1927.24,"body":"looking maybe a little bit more."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1927.57,"endTime":1930.79,"body":"and you know, I think the first"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1927.57,"endTime":1930.79,"body":"time somebody sees a fire that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1930.79,"endTime":1934.83,"body":"of that size, it's eyeopening,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1930.79,"endTime":1934.83,"body":"you a one megawatt fire is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1934.91,"endTime":1935.26,"body":"Mm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1935.43,"endTime":1938.11,"body":"think many people would"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1935.43,"endTime":1938.11,"body":"feel comfortable dealing"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1938.11,"endTime":1939.07,"body":"with or being near"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1939.35,"endTime":1939.7,"body":"Mm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1939.783,"endTime":1941.853,"body":"uh, so getting, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1939.783,"endTime":1941.853,"body":"it's difficult to put, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1941.853,"endTime":1944.173,"body":"sizes on this, you know, waste"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1941.853,"endTime":1944.173,"body":"paper, basket fire, what's that?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1944.173,"endTime":1945.133,"body":"A hundred kilowatts."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1945.133,"endTime":1946.373,"body":"I mean, maybe something in that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1946.843,"endTime":1948.473,"body":"In that order, maybe"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1946.843,"endTime":1948.473,"body":"a little bit less."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1948.833,"endTime":1952.623,"body":"so it's difficult to, I think"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1948.833,"endTime":1952.623,"body":"for, because of the way of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1952.623,"endTime":1955.663,"body":"the units are, are given,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1952.623,"endTime":1955.663,"body":"you know, this, this idea of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1955.663,"endTime":1958.303,"body":"power, it's quite difficult for"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1955.663,"endTime":1958.303,"body":"people to get a sense of that,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1958.543,"endTime":1958.663,"body":"think."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1959.28,"endTime":1960.02,"body":"but, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1960.21,"endTime":1960.33,"body":"hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1960.42,"endTime":1962.453,"body":"relate it, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1960.42,"endTime":1962.453,"body":"the, a kettle is, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1962.453,"endTime":1963.773,"body":"know, three kilowatts."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1963.773,"endTime":1964.133,"body":"Right."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1964.133,"endTime":1965.293,"body":"But does that help?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1965.293,"endTime":1965.653,"body":"I don't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1965.843,"endTime":1966.403,"body":"know Right."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1966.403,"endTime":1968.17,"body":"You a hundred"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1966.403,"endTime":1968.17,"body":"kettles per second."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1968.17,"endTime":1969.17,"body":"That's not, not a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1969.17,"endTime":1970.01,"body":"great unit of measure"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1970.01,"endTime":1970.33,"body":"Right"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1972.44,"endTime":1974.056,"body":"of the things that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1972.44,"endTime":1974.056,"body":"is a bit tricky and until you,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1974.056,"endTime":1976.64,"body":"you see it, you know, the, it's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1974.056,"endTime":1976.64,"body":"quite a difficult measurement"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1976.64,"endTime":1977.96,"body":"to get to wrap your head around."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1978.15,"endTime":1980.41,"body":"but the useful thing about"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1978.15,"endTime":1980.41,"body":"measuring heat release"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1980.41,"endTime":1984.02,"body":"rate, is you can use it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1980.41,"endTime":1984.02,"body":"to track the fire growth."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1984.02,"endTime":1985.58,"body":"So fires don't normally start"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":1986.248,"endTime":1986.648,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1987.013,"endTime":1987.693,"body":"release rate, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1987.973,"endTime":1989.493,"body":"Normally fires grow in some way."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1989.493,"endTime":1991.213,"body":"They start small and they get."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1992.143,"endTime":1994.343,"body":"and the nice thing about"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1992.143,"endTime":1994.343,"body":"heat release rate is you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1994.343,"endTime":1997.233,"body":"can track the fire growth,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1994.343,"endTime":1997.233,"body":"using this, this measurement."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1997.546,"endTime":1999.866,"body":"and we've got different ways we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1997.546,"endTime":1999.866,"body":"can measure heat release rate,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":1999.866,"endTime":2001.706,"body":"which is I think, quite useful."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2001.956,"endTime":2004.026,"body":"Um, but uh, we can"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2001.956,"endTime":2004.026,"body":"talk about them"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2004.251,"endTime":2004.411,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2004.586,"endTime":2008.146,"body":"a minute, but nevertheless,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2004.586,"endTime":2008.146,"body":"tracking the fire size, um, as"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2008.146,"endTime":2010.946,"body":"a function of time is really,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2008.146,"endTime":2010.946,"body":"really useful in terms of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2010.946,"endTime":2014.026,"body":"how we understand the burning"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2010.946,"endTime":2014.026,"body":"of individual materials,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2014.046,"endTime":2016.206,"body":"but also how we understand"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2014.046,"endTime":2016.206,"body":"the burning of objects."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2017.086,"endTime":2019.006,"body":"so it's one of these"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2017.086,"endTime":2019.006,"body":"kind of concepts that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2019.006,"endTime":2021.31,"body":"unifies uh, a lot of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2019.006,"endTime":2021.31,"body":"things in fire science."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2021.32,"endTime":2023.496,"body":"So, if you're running a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2021.32,"endTime":2023.496,"body":"small scale test in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2023.496,"endTime":2026.616,"body":"laboratory, for example, using"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2023.496,"endTime":2026.616,"body":"the cone calorimeter, which"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2026.616,"endTime":2030.026,"body":"is, a device that basically"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2026.616,"endTime":2030.026,"body":"allows us to impose some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2030.026,"endTime":2031.426,"body":"heating onto a material."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2032.386,"endTime":2034.866,"body":"the heating is by radiation"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2032.386,"endTime":2034.866,"body":"that increases the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2034.866,"endTime":2036.106,"body":"temperature of the material."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2036.52,"endTime":2038.92,"body":"eventually we will reach the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2036.52,"endTime":2038.92,"body":"point where we will have a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2038.92,"endTime":2041.413,"body":"flammable mixture, as the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2038.92,"endTime":2041.413,"body":"material decomposes into the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2041.553,"endTime":2042.163,"body":"Mm-hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2042.373,"endTime":2045.183,"body":"A flammable mixture will exist"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2042.373,"endTime":2045.183,"body":"above the surface of the fuel."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2045.313,"endTime":2048.013,"body":"We have a pilot flame,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2045.313,"endTime":2048.013,"body":"sorry, pilot spark, in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2048.013,"endTime":2049.293,"body":"there that will ignite those"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2049.533,"endTime":2049.653,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2049.733,"endTime":2051.013,"body":"and the material will burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2051.203,"endTime":2053.333,"body":"Once the material starts"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2051.203,"endTime":2053.333,"body":"burning, we can measure"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2053.333,"endTime":2054.213,"body":"the energy release."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2054.213,"endTime":2057.363,"body":"And if we have something like,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2054.213,"endTime":2057.363,"body":"a common plastic polyethylene"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2057.363,"endTime":2059.973,"body":"was an example you used"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2057.363,"endTime":2059.973,"body":"before, that will burn in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2059.973,"endTime":2062.813,"body":"a way that basically very"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2059.973,"endTime":2062.813,"body":"quickly it reaches, uh, kind"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2062.813,"endTime":2066.213,"body":"of a, a maximum steady value"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2062.813,"endTime":2066.213,"body":"and it'll burn like that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2066.303,"endTime":2069.373,"body":"Um, releasing more or less a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2066.303,"endTime":2069.373,"body":"constant amount of energy until"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2069.373,"endTime":2070.783,"body":"we consume all of the material."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2071.073,"endTime":2073.143,"body":"Um, and then of course,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2071.073,"endTime":2073.143,"body":"there's no fuel left, nothing"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2073.143,"endTime":2075.703,"body":"to burn, so the heat release"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2073.143,"endTime":2075.703,"body":"rate drops back to zero."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2076.73,"endTime":2078.766,"body":"materials if you've"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2076.73,"endTime":2078.766,"body":"charring materials, so"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2078.766,"endTime":2079.716,"body":"things like, timber."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2080.411,"endTime":2083.491,"body":"Um, or any kind of,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2080.411,"endTime":2083.491,"body":"uh, cellulose kind of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2083.491,"endTime":2085.491,"body":"derived product, they're"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2083.491,"endTime":2085.491,"body":"typically all charring."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2085.821,"endTime":2088.185,"body":"Um, that will, that means"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2085.821,"endTime":2088.185,"body":"that the, once the sample"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2088.185,"endTime":2090.825,"body":"is heated, we produce the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2088.185,"endTime":2090.825,"body":"flammable gases in exactly"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2090.825,"endTime":2091.865,"body":"the same way as before."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2092.115,"endTime":2093.505,"body":"We then ignite those gases."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2093.515,"endTime":2095.538,"body":"and in this case we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2093.515,"endTime":2095.538,"body":"can track the energy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2095.538,"endTime":2096.498,"body":"release as we do before."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2096.498,"endTime":2097.418,"body":"And what we'll"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2097.418,"endTime":2098.138,"body":"see is the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2098.138,"endTime":2098.458,"body":"energy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2098.458,"endTime":2098.898,"body":"release,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2099.348,"endTime":2102.778,"body":"uh, immediately reaches some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2099.348,"endTime":2102.778,"body":"kind of maximum value and then"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2103.178,"endTime":2105.138,"body":"decreases as the material burns."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2105.216,"endTime":2106.891,"body":"and it never reaches"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2105.216,"endTime":2106.891,"body":"really a steady"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2107.094,"endTime":2109.841,"body":"it's always kind of decreasing"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2107.094,"endTime":2109.841,"body":"as the material burns."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2109.841,"endTime":2111.601,"body":"And that's really useful"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2109.841,"endTime":2111.601,"body":"information because now"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2111.601,"endTime":2115.081,"body":"we've got information that,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2111.601,"endTime":2115.081,"body":"um, is telling us how much"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2115.081,"endTime":2118.201,"body":"energy these materials are"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2115.081,"endTime":2118.201,"body":"releasing and also how they're"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2118.201,"endTime":2119.325,"body":"releasing, that energy."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2119.665,"endTime":2122.765,"body":"And the thing about heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2119.665,"endTime":2122.765,"body":"release rate is, I mentioned"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2122.765,"endTime":2123.965,"body":"before about feedbacks."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2123.965,"endTime":2125.565,"body":"It's one of the main things that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2126.485,"endTime":2129.351,"body":"The energy that you release from"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2126.485,"endTime":2129.351,"body":"the fire will, determine how"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2129.351,"endTime":2130.391,"body":"much energy you have available."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2131.091,"endTime":2133.521,"body":"To go back to the material"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2131.091,"endTime":2133.521,"body":"to heat it up some more, to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2133.521,"endTime":2136.235,"body":"keep it burning, to spread the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2133.521,"endTime":2136.235,"body":"flame to grow the fire that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2136.235,"endTime":2139.315,"body":"way it will also determine the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2136.235,"endTime":2139.315,"body":"airflows that you get around."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2139.315,"endTime":2141.805,"body":"So if you have, a larger heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2139.315,"endTime":2141.805,"body":"release rate, you'll generate"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2141.835,"endTime":2144.685,"body":"more, uh, more buoyant airflow."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2144.975,"endTime":2145.325,"body":"Um,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2145.325,"endTime":2145.765,"body":"larger"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2145.765,"endTime":2146.325,"body":"airflows"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2146.325,"endTime":2146.885,"body":"typically will"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2146.885,"endTime":2150.525,"body":"again, be a positive feedback,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2146.885,"endTime":2150.525,"body":"uh, into a, a fire system."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2150.775,"endTime":2153.365,"body":"So by tracking that evolution,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2150.775,"endTime":2153.365,"body":"by understanding how,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2153.408,"endTime":2155.928,"body":"different materials burn and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2153.408,"endTime":2155.928,"body":"how they release the energy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2155.928,"endTime":2159.248,"body":"as they burn, you can learn"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2155.928,"endTime":2159.248,"body":"a lot about how things might"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2159.578,"endTime":2159.928,"body":"uh"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2159.958,"endTime":2160.518,"body":"might"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2160.718,"endTime":2163.183,"body":"manifest I, I have another"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2160.718,"endTime":2163.183,"body":"observation, another"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2163.183,"endTime":2165.423,"body":"change in the life of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2163.183,"endTime":2165.423,"body":"a fire safety engineer."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2166.0,"endTime":2169.99,"body":"so the fact that something is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2166.0,"endTime":2169.99,"body":"difficult to ignite doesn't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2169.99,"endTime":2173.71,"body":"mean it doesn't ignite, and it"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2169.99,"endTime":2173.71,"body":"doesn't mean it burns it, it"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2173.71,"endTime":2178.95,"body":"just means that this particular"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2173.71,"endTime":2178.95,"body":"setting of these feedbacks that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2178.95,"endTime":2181.95,"body":"you've described is slightly"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2178.95,"endTime":2181.95,"body":"different than from material."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2181.95,"endTime":2183.39,"body":"Let's, let's say"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2181.95,"endTime":2183.39,"body":"an easy to ignite."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2183.52,"endTime":2187.023,"body":"So if you have polyethylene,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2183.52,"endTime":2187.023,"body":"it's, let's say easy to ignite."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2187.023,"endTime":2189.023,"body":"So you need lower heat feedback."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2189.473,"endTime":2193.583,"body":"It can self sustain the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2189.473,"endTime":2193.583,"body":"combustions simpler, quicker,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2193.693,"endTime":2196.103,"body":"easier, and just, just burn off."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2196.203,"endTime":2198.856,"body":"And if you have, let's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2196.203,"endTime":2198.856,"body":"say, strongly fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2198.856,"endTime":2200.176,"body":"retarded polyethylene."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2200.481,"endTime":2203.521,"body":"where someone has engineered"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2200.481,"endTime":2203.521,"body":"modifications to this material."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2203.971,"endTime":2205.681,"body":"So it is harder to ignite."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2205.811,"endTime":2208.761,"body":"It doesn't mean it does not,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2205.811,"endTime":2208.761,"body":"it, it just means this whole,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2209.421,"endTime":2211.341,"body":"feedback loop is on, on a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2209.421,"endTime":2211.341,"body":"quite a different level."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2211.681,"endTime":2215.981,"body":"But if you reach that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2211.681,"endTime":2215.981,"body":"level and you, you get net"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2216.301,"endTime":2218.338,"body":"positive heat, loop in there."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2218.588,"endTime":2221.428,"body":"So by by burning it,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2218.588,"endTime":2221.428,"body":"it, it generates more"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2221.538,"endTime":2224.588,"body":"energy than it needs to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2221.538,"endTime":2224.588,"body":"ignored and keep burning."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2224.588,"endTime":2225.828,"body":"So, so it's not positive."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2226.268,"endTime":2227.588,"body":"It'll eventually grow."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2227.588,"endTime":2229.548,"body":"And, and I, I think that's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2227.588,"endTime":2229.548,"body":"something that, that we"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2229.548,"endTime":2232.428,"body":"observe in, in, in this faucet"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2229.548,"endTime":2232.428,"body":"were brought as an, as an"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2232.428,"endTime":2236.068,"body":"example that you can put a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2232.428,"endTime":2236.068,"body":"very good materials from our,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2236.068,"endTime":2239.468,"body":"for our standards, like very"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2236.068,"endTime":2239.468,"body":"high euro class materials."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2239.468,"endTime":2243.395,"body":"And because of this"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2239.468,"endTime":2243.395,"body":"specific way how."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2243.896,"endTime":2245.186,"body":"Facade is constructed."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2245.186,"endTime":2247.946,"body":"That enables a lot of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2245.186,"endTime":2247.946,"body":"interesting feedback loops."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2247.946,"endTime":2248.346,"body":"Inside."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2248.806,"endTime":2251.346,"body":"You may still be in the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2248.806,"endTime":2251.346,"body":"regime where, okay, it's very"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2251.346,"endTime":2254.106,"body":"hard to ignite, but after"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2251.346,"endTime":2254.106,"body":"you do that, it can self"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2254.106,"endTime":2255.386,"body":"sustain and, and propagate"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2255.966,"endTime":2258.076,"body":"uh, people often"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2255.966,"endTime":2258.076,"body":"ask what it is that I do."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2258.216,"endTime":2260.016,"body":"a fire scientist, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2258.216,"endTime":2260.016,"body":"what the hell is that?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2260.236,"endTime":2263.176,"body":"And, you know, my, my response"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2260.236,"endTime":2263.176,"body":"sometimes is a bit flippant,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2263.176,"endTime":2266.016,"body":"which is, you know, I, I take"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2263.176,"endTime":2266.016,"body":"things that obviously burn"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2266.016,"endTime":2268.416,"body":"and show that they don't, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2266.016,"endTime":2268.416,"body":"I take things that shouldn't"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2268.416,"endTime":2268.936,"body":"burn and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2268.936,"endTime":2269.216,"body":"show that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2269.216,"endTime":2269.496,"body":"they do."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2269.693,"endTime":2271.33,"body":"and you know, as long"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2269.693,"endTime":2271.33,"body":"as something's got some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2271.33,"endTime":2273.69,"body":"carbon in it, I think, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2271.33,"endTime":2273.69,"body":"know, we can usually find"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2273.69,"endTime":2274.796,"body":"the way, to make it burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2274.796,"endTime":2276.196,"body":"And, and you're"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2274.796,"endTime":2276.196,"body":"absolutely right."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2276.196,"endTime":2278.746,"body":"You know, this is the process"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2276.196,"endTime":2278.746,"body":"of something burning, is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2278.746,"endTime":2279.906,"body":"all about these feedbacks."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2279.906,"endTime":2283.413,"body":"And actually the, the, is,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2279.906,"endTime":2283.413,"body":"you know, there's quite simple"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2283.513,"endTime":2286.373,"body":"expressions, uh, for that,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2283.513,"endTime":2286.373,"body":"you know, I won't recite the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2286.493,"endTime":2288.796,"body":"equations now, but, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2286.493,"endTime":2288.796,"body":"there's quite simple ways to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2288.796,"endTime":2290.283,"body":"conceptualize, that problem."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2290.543,"endTime":2293.398,"body":"And basically, Just because"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2290.543,"endTime":2293.398,"body":"something is hard to ignite"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2293.398,"endTime":2294.798,"body":"doesn't mean it won't burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2294.798,"endTime":2296.998,"body":"And I think those are"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2294.798,"endTime":2296.998,"body":"concepts that often"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2297.383,"endTime":2297.543,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2298.038,"endTime":2299.798,"body":"sometimes"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2298.038,"endTime":2299.798,"body":"a little bit misused."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2299.798,"endTime":2300.438,"body":"You know, something"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2300.438,"endTime":2300.838,"body":"is fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2300.838,"endTime":2303.358,"body":"retardant, well that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2300.838,"endTime":2303.358,"body":"means it will still burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2303.358,"endTime":2303.838,"body":"Right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2303.838,"endTime":2306.318,"body":"You know, like it means it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2303.838,"endTime":2306.318,"body":"might be harder to ignite"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2306.318,"endTime":2307.758,"body":"it, but it will still burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2307.758,"endTime":2310.718,"body":"And under some, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2307.758,"endTime":2310.718,"body":"you also also have to ask"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2310.878,"endTime":2314.158,"body":"the question like, what"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2310.878,"endTime":2314.158,"body":"are the conditions that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2314.158,"endTime":2316.798,"body":"show that this is harder"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2314.158,"endTime":2316.798,"body":"to ignite because, uh, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2316.798,"endTime":2316.878,"body":"know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2316.878,"endTime":2316.998,"body":"I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2316.998,"endTime":2317.558,"body":"can guarantee"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2317.623,"endTime":2317.973,"body":"Hm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2318.118,"endTime":2318.198,"body":"know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2318.428,"endTime":2321.318,"body":"a non-fire, retarded piece of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2318.428,"endTime":2321.318,"body":"wood and a fire retarded piece"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2321.318,"endTime":2324.458,"body":"of wood in a compartment fire,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2321.318,"endTime":2324.458,"body":"the fire retardants aren't gonna"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2324.458,"endTime":2327.178,"body":"be massively effective, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2324.458,"endTime":2327.178,"body":"once you start having a heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2327.178,"endTime":2329.258,"body":"flu of, you know, a hundred"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2327.178,"endTime":2329.258,"body":"kilowatts per square meter."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2329.268,"endTime":2332.31,"body":"So, so you have to be a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2329.268,"endTime":2332.31,"body":"little bit careful about How"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2332.31,"endTime":2333.23,"body":"you evaluate these things."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2333.23,"endTime":2336.11,"body":"But, but in the end, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2333.23,"endTime":2336.11,"body":"know, the, the energy balance"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2336.2,"endTime":2337.63,"body":"is what we're looking at."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2337.65,"endTime":2340.996,"body":"And if you're burning"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2337.65,"endTime":2340.996,"body":"something, you have the heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2341.276,"endTime":2344.596,"body":"feedback from the flame to the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2341.276,"endTime":2344.596,"body":"surface of the, the material"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2344.666,"endTime":2345.836,"body":"that will keep it burning."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2346.716,"endTime":2348.116,"body":"and you will have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2346.716,"endTime":2348.116,"body":"some heat losses."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2348.116,"endTime":2351.063,"body":"And the heat losses can be,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2348.116,"endTime":2351.063,"body":"in many different forms."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2351.67,"endTime":2354.81,"body":"due to, surface reradiation,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2351.67,"endTime":2354.81,"body":"they can be due to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2354.81,"endTime":2355.97,"body":"conduction in depth."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2356.16,"endTime":2359.37,"body":"They can be due to, um,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2356.16,"endTime":2359.37,"body":"literally removing mats."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2359.37,"endTime":2361.29,"body":"You know, so if you're"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2359.37,"endTime":2361.29,"body":"materials melting and dripping"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2361.29,"endTime":2364.45,"body":"and flowing away, um, there's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2361.29,"endTime":2364.45,"body":"lots of ways to manipulate"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2364.45,"endTime":2365.49,"body":"this, this energy balance."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2365.49,"endTime":2366.17,"body":"But in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2366.17,"endTime":2368.4,"body":"the end for something to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2366.17,"endTime":2368.4,"body":"burn, as you point out,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2368.4,"endTime":2370.08,"body":"you have to have more"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2368.4,"endTime":2370.08,"body":"energy arriving at the."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2370.565,"endTime":2373.135,"body":"Then you need to pyrolize"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2370.565,"endTime":2373.135,"body":"the next piece of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2373.485,"endTime":2373.685,"body":"material"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2374.445,"endTime":2376.741,"body":"I think this"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2374.445,"endTime":2376.741,"body":"concept of fire retardants"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2376.741,"endTime":2380.041,"body":"and, and whatever is, is one"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2376.741,"endTime":2380.041,"body":"that, is, is quite complex"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2380.041,"endTime":2382.301,"body":"to understand, in the end,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2380.041,"endTime":2382.301,"body":"because, you know, the, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2382.461,"endTime":2384.461,"body":"chemical formulations can all"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2382.461,"endTime":2384.461,"body":"sound a little bit tricky,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2384.461,"endTime":2387.181,"body":"but in the end, what you're"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2384.461,"endTime":2387.181,"body":"basically doing is modifying"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2387.181,"endTime":2388.261,"body":"that energy balance somehow."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2388.261,"endTime":2391.525,"body":"You could be doing it, by also,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2388.261,"endTime":2391.525,"body":"um, changing the properties"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2391.525,"endTime":2394.245,"body":"of the flames so you can make"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2391.525,"endTime":2394.245,"body":"the flame release less energy."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2394.615,"endTime":2398.125,"body":"Uh, you can also delay the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2394.615,"endTime":2398.125,"body":"formation of flail mixture"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2398.175,"endTime":2400.161,"body":"by producing, inert gases."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2400.161,"endTime":2402.001,"body":"So things decomposed to form"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2402.001,"endTime":2402.721,"body":"water or carbon"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2402.831,"endTime":2402.951,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2403.341,"endTime":2405.721,"body":"All of those things, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2403.341,"endTime":2405.721,"body":"can have an impact on the,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2405.721,"endTime":2406.641,"body":"the burning of the material."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2406.821,"endTime":2409.081,"body":"But it is at the end"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2406.821,"endTime":2409.081,"body":"of the day a feedback."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2409.181,"endTime":2409.885,"body":"and if you can"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2409.945,"endTime":2410.435,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2410.955,"endTime":2413.405,"body":"energy in your"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2410.955,"endTime":2413.405,"body":"system, then you can make,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2413.405,"endTime":2414.525,"body":"you can make something burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2415.205,"endTime":2415.405,"body":"yeah"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2415.658,"endTime":2417.545,"body":"and,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2415.658,"endTime":2417.545,"body":"um, to the fire safety"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2417.785,"endTime":2420.395,"body":"engineer who's listening"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2417.785,"endTime":2420.395,"body":"it's not that they don't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2420.395,"endTime":2422.235,"body":"work or, or they are useless."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2422.245,"endTime":2423.275,"body":"It, it's not about that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2423.275,"endTime":2427.835,"body":"It's about understanding the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2423.275,"endTime":2427.835,"body":"purpose of these engineers"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2427.835,"endTime":2429.035,"body":"changes to the materials."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2429.245,"endTime":2433.075,"body":"If the purpose is to, make it"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2429.245,"endTime":2433.075,"body":"harder to ignite by introducing"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2433.075,"endTime":2437.425,"body":"these ways of, of additional"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2433.075,"endTime":2437.425,"body":"heat losses and moving the, the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2437.425,"endTime":2441.105,"body":"balance away from the, the point"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2437.425,"endTime":2441.105,"body":"you're changing the regime in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2441.105,"endTime":2442.705,"body":"which the fire can even start."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2442.705,"endTime":2445.975,"body":"And I guess that was like"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2442.705,"endTime":2445.975,"body":"a case of, ignition of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2445.975,"endTime":2447.295,"body":"a mattress by cigarette."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2447.805,"endTime":2452.16,"body":"where, uh, Eventually engineered"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2447.805,"endTime":2452.16,"body":"the material in a way that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2452.16,"endTime":2455.68,"body":"energy carried by this source"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2452.16,"endTime":2455.68,"body":"is insufficient to ignite,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2455.92,"endTime":2460.04,"body":"which it's not a huge change"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2455.92,"endTime":2460.04,"body":"from grand scheme of things."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2460.21,"endTime":2463.24,"body":"Uh, perspective if there's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2460.21,"endTime":2463.24,"body":"a flashover in there that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2463.24,"endTime":2466.12,"body":"compartment, that sofa"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2463.24,"endTime":2466.12,"body":"will burn as, as vigorously"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2466.12,"endTime":2466.96,"body":"as as another one."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2467.42,"endTime":2470.24,"body":"But you've changed the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2467.42,"endTime":2470.24,"body":"amount of fires that can"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2470.24,"endTime":2472.76,"body":"happen because suddenly the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2470.24,"endTime":2472.76,"body":"common ignition source is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2472.76,"endTime":2474.36,"body":"enabled to, to cause a fire."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2474.47,"endTime":2476.84,"body":"It's enabled to,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2474.47,"endTime":2476.84,"body":"to pass from just"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2476.84,"endTime":2477.88,"body":"ignition to the fire Right"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2478.036,"endTime":2480.075,"body":"that's exactly"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2478.036,"endTime":2480.075,"body":"the role of a fire retardant."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2480.075,"endTime":2483.795,"body":"It's to make things harder"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2480.075,"endTime":2483.795,"body":"to ignite and perhaps to, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2483.795,"endTime":2486.995,"body":"know, then slow down those early"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2483.795,"endTime":2486.995,"body":"stages of, of fire development."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2487.005,"endTime":2489.475,"body":"So, you know, you, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2487.005,"endTime":2489.475,"body":"basically, you, you buy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2489.475,"endTime":2492.591,"body":"time, in order for people to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2489.475,"endTime":2492.591,"body":"evacuate and you know, all"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2492.591,"endTime":2493.311,"body":"of these things to happen."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2493.618,"endTime":2495.898,"body":"and, and there are multiple"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2493.618,"endTime":2495.898,"body":"ways of doing that and I think,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2495.898,"endTime":2498.538,"body":"you know, there are lots of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2495.898,"endTime":2498.538,"body":"statistics that show that that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2498.538,"endTime":2501.131,"body":"is successful, in terms of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2498.538,"endTime":2501.131,"body":"reducing the number of fires."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2501.498,"endTime":2503.661,"body":"but, the key thing I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2501.498,"endTime":2503.661,"body":"think to remember is that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2503.661,"endTime":2505.661,"body":"that's happening in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2503.661,"endTime":2505.661,"body":"early stages of the fire."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2505.661,"endTime":2507.661,"body":"So if you're interested in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2505.661,"endTime":2507.661,"body":"that and you're looking at an"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2507.941,"endTime":2508.101,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2508.181,"endTime":2511.781,"body":"calculation, for example, then I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2508.181,"endTime":2511.781,"body":"think, the fire retardant issue"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2512.911,"endTime":2514.791,"body":"in material selection"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2512.911,"endTime":2514.791,"body":"and material choice."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2515.131,"endTime":2518.431,"body":"But the question of does"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2515.131,"endTime":2518.431,"body":"the fire retardant work at"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2518.431,"endTime":2521.591,"body":"the scale of a compartment"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2518.431,"endTime":2521.591,"body":"fire, of a sad fire, a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2521.791,"endTime":2525.271,"body":"wildfire, those are different"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2521.791,"endTime":2525.271,"body":"And you know, you probably"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2525.271,"endTime":2527.591,"body":"need different mitigation"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2525.271,"endTime":2527.591,"body":"techniques, uh, to address that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2527.591,"endTime":2529.518,"body":"There's no, no silver"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2527.591,"endTime":2529.518,"body":"bullet in this."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2529.518,"endTime":2531.318,"body":"Uh, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2529.518,"endTime":2531.318,"body":"there's not one, one"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2531.428,"endTime":2531.918,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2531.988,"endTime":2532.268,"body":"for"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2532.268,"endTime":2532.588,"body":"everything"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2532.936,"endTime":2535.376,"body":"I would also like to point"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2532.936,"endTime":2535.376,"body":"out that cigarettes changed"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2535.376,"endTime":2538.696,"body":"a lot and modern cigarettes"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2535.376,"endTime":2538.696,"body":"carry much less energy"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2538.786,"endTime":2539.936,"body":"as an ignition source."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2540.336,"endTime":2543.176,"body":"Actually, from a lab fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2540.336,"endTime":2543.176,"body":"laboratory perspective,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2543.176,"endTime":2546.376,"body":"that's quite a problematic,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2543.176,"endTime":2546.376,"body":"I think the last batch of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2546.376,"endTime":2549.056,"body":"cigarettes used for the test"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2546.376,"endTime":2549.056,"body":"we had to purchase in Ukraine."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2549.216,"endTime":2552.896,"body":"Cause the polish ones"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2549.216,"endTime":2552.896,"body":"were, were not, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2552.896,"endTime":2554.456,"body":"burning vigorous enough."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2555.15,"endTime":2558.46,"body":"y you are also known, uh, as"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2555.15,"endTime":2558.46,"body":"the, the wildfire scientist."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2558.69,"endTime":2561.94,"body":"I wonder like we, we've"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2558.69,"endTime":2561.94,"body":"talked about solid fuels"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2561.94,"endTime":2562.9,"body":"like timber and stuff."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2563.25,"endTime":2566.593,"body":"now loo looking at, living"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2563.25,"endTime":2566.593,"body":"fuels, like, it, it, there's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2566.593,"endTime":2567.673,"body":"many, many differences."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2568.191,"endTime":2572.42,"body":"one that for me is the most"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2568.191,"endTime":2572.42,"body":"obvious is, is the, well"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2572.42,"endTime":2573.98,"body":"two, two are obvious to me."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2574.0,"endTime":2576.02,"body":"One is the moisture"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2574.0,"endTime":2576.02,"body":"content in the fuel and the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2576.02,"endTime":2577.18,"body":"second is it's porosity."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2577.63,"endTime":2580.62,"body":"So how does change this"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2577.63,"endTime":2580.62,"body":"fundamental behavior?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2580.73,"endTime":2581.74,"body":"I guess the the the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2581.74,"endTime":2582.62,"body":"science is the same"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2582.91,"endTime":2583.14,"body":"is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2583.473,"endTime":2584.43,"body":"I, you're"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2583.473,"endTime":2584.43,"body":"absolutely right."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2584.43,"endTime":2586.67,"body":"This, for me, the way"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2584.43,"endTime":2586.67,"body":"I look at this is that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2586.67,"endTime":2587.55,"body":"the science is the same."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2587.68,"endTime":2590.39,"body":"Um, you know, it's the same"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2587.68,"endTime":2590.39,"body":"heat transfer processes,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2590.39,"endTime":2592.79,"body":"the same fluid mechanics"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2590.39,"endTime":2592.79,"body":"processes, the same mass"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2593.15,"endTime":2596.15,"body":"transfer issues, the same, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2593.15,"endTime":2596.15,"body":"chemical reaction problems."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2596.24,"endTime":2599.55,"body":"So in many senses, I see"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2596.24,"endTime":2599.55,"body":"way more similarities in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2599.55,"endTime":2600.39,"body":"differences, and I think."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2600.78,"endTime":2603.713,"body":"You know, one of these things"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2600.78,"endTime":2603.713,"body":"that, I get a little bit of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2603.713,"endTime":2606.686,"body":"a, a b in my bonnet about"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2603.713,"endTime":2606.686,"body":"is, you study, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2606.846,"endTime":2608.566,"body":"structure of fires or wildfires."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2608.566,"endTime":2609.806,"body":"Well, why not both, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2609.806,"endTime":2611.366,"body":"You know, you're"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2609.806,"endTime":2611.366,"body":"an experiment or a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2612.246,"endTime":2612.926,"body":"not both right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2612.946,"endTime":2615.646,"body":"And I think these sorts"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2612.946,"endTime":2615.646,"body":"of artificial divides that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2615.646,"endTime":2617.033,"body":"we've kind of created, our,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2617.433,"endTime":2617.783,"body":"in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2617.783,"endTime":2617.903,"body":"our"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2617.903,"endTime":2618.103,"body":"community"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2618.103,"endTime":2618.383,"body":"the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2618.503,"endTime":2619.673,"body":"community the Tribes"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2619.993,"endTime":2620.153,"body":"something"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2620.153,"endTime":2620.353,"body":"that I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2620.353,"endTime":2621.5,"body":"find quite frustrating."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2621.5,"endTime":2624.18,"body":"I think, you know, the best"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2621.5,"endTime":2624.18,"body":"work is done at the interface"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2624.18,"endTime":2625.02,"body":"of all of these things."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2625.383,"endTime":2626.683,"body":"and you know, I think that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2626.858,"endTime":2626.978,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2627.003,"endTime":2630.076,"body":"a lot that, fire scientists can"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2627.003,"endTime":2630.076,"body":"bring to the table, in wildfires"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2630.076,"endTime":2631.716,"body":"and in the discussion around"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2630.076,"endTime":2631.716,"body":"that, and that is happening."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2632.006,"endTime":2634.676,"body":"Um, don't get me wrong, that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2632.006,"endTime":2634.676,"body":"definitely happening, and I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2634.676,"endTime":2636.276,"body":"think that's extremely positive."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2636.606,"endTime":2637.606,"body":"and vice versa, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2637.606,"endTime":2639.614,"body":"There's a lot we, need to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2637.606,"endTime":2639.614,"body":"learn as fire scientists,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2639.614,"endTime":2642.183,"body":"about wildfire behaviors"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2639.614,"endTime":2642.183,"body":"and, and the ecological"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2642.183,"endTime":2644.623,"body":"aspects and, you know, all"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2642.183,"endTime":2644.623,"body":"those other parts that play"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2644.693,"endTime":2645.013,"body":"role in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2645.013,"endTime":2645.133,"body":"this"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2645.143,"endTime":2645.383,"body":"problem."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2645.383,"endTime":2645.663,"body":"So,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2646.059,"endTime":2648.52,"body":"what I prefer to try and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2646.059,"endTime":2648.52,"body":"look at this problem is one"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2648.52,"endTime":2651.44,"body":"or more of, of commonalities"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2648.52,"endTime":2651.44,"body":"than, than differences."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2651.847,"endTime":2652.253,"body":"now"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2652.253,"endTime":2654.05,"body":"of course, that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2652.253,"endTime":2654.05,"body":"brings challenges."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2654.05,"endTime":2656.25,"body":"When you start getting"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2654.05,"endTime":2656.25,"body":"to the, the kind of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2656.25,"endTime":2657.77,"body":"application edge of this."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2657.77,"endTime":2660.69,"body":"If you want to build a model to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2657.77,"endTime":2660.69,"body":"predict wildfire spread, then"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2661.41,"endTime":2662.41,"body":"you make different assumptions."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2662.41,"endTime":2665.13,"body":"And if you want to build a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2662.41,"endTime":2665.13,"body":"model to predict, you know, fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2665.13,"endTime":2668.516,"body":"spread, in microgravity or fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2665.13,"endTime":2668.516,"body":"spread on a facade or whatever,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2668.516,"endTime":2669.996,"body":"and that's normal, I think."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2670.416,"endTime":2671.716,"body":"But the, the fundamental"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2671.746,"endTime":2671.906,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2671.996,"endTime":2674.476,"body":"approach to studying this, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2671.996,"endTime":2674.476,"body":"the, the approach that, that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2674.476,"endTime":2677.553,"body":"I've tried to take, in the work"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2674.476,"endTime":2677.553,"body":"I've done is or been involved"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2677.553,"endTime":2681.673,"body":"in is to, you know, how much"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2677.553,"endTime":2681.673,"body":"can we apply the techniques"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2681.673,"endTime":2684.57,"body":"and the methods of fire science"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2681.673,"endTime":2684.57,"body":"into these, wildland fuels,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2685.45,"endTime":2688.49,"body":"that the moisture content is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2685.45,"endTime":2688.49,"body":"super important, but that in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2688.49,"endTime":2691.41,"body":"a way is, is it's not simple"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2688.49,"endTime":2691.41,"body":"to deal with, but you can view"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2691.41,"endTime":2692.49,"body":"that as an, an energy sink."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2692.49,"endTime":2695.01,"body":"So you've got an energy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2692.49,"endTime":2695.01,"body":"part of the problem, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2695.01,"endTime":2696.13,"body":"with the moisture, and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2696.2,"endTime":2696.92,"body":"you've got the fluid"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2697.6,"endTime":2698.49,"body":"A actually, sorry."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2698.49,"endTime":2701.53,"body":"It's, it's, it's very similar"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2698.49,"endTime":2701.53,"body":"to what we've just discussed"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2701.53,"endTime":2702.69,"body":"as, as fire retardant."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2702.69,"endTime":2705.536,"body":"Another way to, to dissipate"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2702.69,"endTime":2705.536,"body":"the heat that doesn't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2705.536,"endTime":2707.496,"body":"go into heating up your"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2707.496,"endTime":2707.696,"body":"fuel"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2707.786,"endTime":2710.466,"body":"there are in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2707.786,"endTime":2710.466,"body":"in terms of some of the,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2710.466,"endTime":2712.906,"body":"the, the moisture content"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2710.466,"endTime":2712.906,"body":"problems, that is a very nice"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2712.906,"endTime":2714.826,"body":"way to think about it as,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2712.906,"endTime":2714.826,"body":"as more or less a heat sink."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2715.056,"endTime":2717.65,"body":"Some of the other, work that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2715.056,"endTime":2717.65,"body":"going on in your should, it's a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2717.65,"endTime":2720.25,"body":"little bit more complex in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2717.65,"endTime":2720.25,"body":"sense of, you know, is it free"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2720.25,"endTime":2721.49,"body":"water or is it somehow bound?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2721.49,"endTime":2722.13,"body":"And, and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2722.61,"endTime":2723.22,"body":"Mm-hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2723.25,"endTime":2725.01,"body":"implications"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2723.25,"endTime":2725.01,"body":"does that have?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2725.01,"endTime":2727.89,"body":"And I'm not sure we've fully"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2725.01,"endTime":2727.89,"body":"resolved, that there's some re"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2727.89,"endTime":2729.21,"body":"nice work going on around it."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2729.21,"endTime":2732.526,"body":"But, in the end, for some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2729.21,"endTime":2732.526,"body":"fuels, for example, if you have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2732.596,"endTime":2737.286,"body":"dead fuels aren't living, that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2732.596,"endTime":2737.286,"body":"simplifies the problems hugely."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2737.296,"endTime":2737.966,"body":"Um, and we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2737.966,"endTime":2738.286,"body":"spent a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2738.356,"endTime":2738.776,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2738.966,"endTime":2739.166,"body":"with,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2739.486,"endTime":2742.406,"body":"with dead fuels, um, because"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2739.486,"endTime":2742.406,"body":"of that simplification."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2742.546,"endTime":2745.173,"body":"But of course wildfires don't"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2742.546,"endTime":2745.173,"body":"only burn in dead fuels, they"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2745.173,"endTime":2746.333,"body":"also burn in these live fuels."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2746.333,"endTime":2747.053,"body":"So we need to think."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2747.526,"endTime":2747.686,"body":"that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2747.686,"endTime":2750.193,"body":"So there's huge similarities"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2747.686,"endTime":2750.193,"body":"there in terms of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2750.193,"endTime":2751.373,"body":"the porosity, issues."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2751.523,"endTime":2753.856,"body":"I think that's something"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2751.523,"endTime":2753.856,"body":"that, is perhaps less"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2753.856,"endTime":2755.228,"body":"well, uh, understood."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2755.616,"endTime":2758.623,"body":"there's again, really nice work"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2755.616,"endTime":2758.623,"body":"around that, I think is now"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2759.13,"endTime":2761.74,"body":"becoming more, mainstream"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2759.13,"endTime":2761.74,"body":"perhaps, you know, work"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2761.74,"endTime":2764.58,"body":"in the US Forest Service"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2761.74,"endTime":2764.58,"body":"that's looking explicitly"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2764.58,"endTime":2767.46,"body":"at linking the burning of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2764.58,"endTime":2767.46,"body":"wooden cribs to poorest fuels."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2767.52,"endTime":2770.74,"body":"And that goes all the way back"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2767.52,"endTime":2770.74,"body":"to the kind of genesis of some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2770.74,"endTime":2774.02,"body":"of these wildfire models, which"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2770.74,"endTime":2774.02,"body":"were all kind of developed"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2774.02,"endTime":2777.556,"body":"using, wooden cribs or these"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2774.02,"endTime":2777.556,"body":"sort of like manufactured"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2777.796,"endTime":2779.636,"body":"synthetic porous materials."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2779.97,"endTime":2781.95,"body":"and for me that, that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2779.97,"endTime":2781.95,"body":"something that's really"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2782.11,"endTime":2783.79,"body":"interesting cuz it,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2782.11,"endTime":2783.79,"body":"it also puts you on."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2784.003,"endTime":2788.063,"body":"The edge of having a flaming"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2784.003,"endTime":2788.063,"body":"fire and a smoldering fire."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2788.22,"endTime":2788.57,"body":"uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2788.57,"endTime":2788.73,"body":"as"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2788.73,"endTime":2789.09,"body":"soon as you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2789.09,"endTime":2791.25,"body":"bring in this ity, so"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2789.09,"endTime":2791.25,"body":"you change also the,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2791.31,"endTime":2791.73,"body":"the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2791.73,"endTime":2792.05,"body":"mode"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2792.05,"endTime":2792.53,"body":"of burning,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2793.33,"endTime":2795.77,"body":"as well But we don't"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2793.33,"endTime":2795.77,"body":"shift it into a world"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2795.77,"endTime":2796.57,"body":"that we don't understand."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2796.57,"endTime":2799.21,"body":"I mean, we've been studying"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2796.57,"endTime":2799.21,"body":"smoldering combustion, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2799.21,"endTime":2802.29,"body":"know, since the 1950s, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2799.21,"endTime":2802.29,"body":"if not since before then."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2802.656,"endTime":2803.896,"body":"and we understand"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2802.656,"endTime":2803.896,"body":"all these things."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2803.896,"endTime":2807.696,"body":"So for, for me, wildfire and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2803.896,"endTime":2807.696,"body":"propagation of wildfires,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2807.746,"endTime":2809.976,"body":"if you look at it through"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2807.746,"endTime":2809.976,"body":"the lens of fire safety,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2810.256,"endTime":2813.016,"body":"engineering, there's a lot"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2810.256,"endTime":2813.016,"body":"you can, you can contribute."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2813.036,"endTime":2815.856,"body":"And, you know, it's,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2813.036,"endTime":2815.856,"body":"it's not the only way"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2815.856,"endTime":2816.576,"body":"of solving the problem."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2816.606,"endTime":2820.056,"body":"I, I, I'm wise enough, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2816.606,"endTime":2820.056,"body":"and old enough to recognize"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2820.056,"endTime":2820.696,"body":"that, you know, there's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2820.696,"endTime":2821.376,"body":"more than one way"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2821.376,"endTime":2821.536,"body":"to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2821.536,"endTime":2821.736,"body":"skin"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2821.976,"endTime":2822.296,"body":"a cat."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2822.486,"endTime":2823.776,"body":"but there's a lot"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2822.486,"endTime":2823.776,"body":"that we can do."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2823.776,"endTime":2826.456,"body":"And I think that, that for me"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2823.776,"endTime":2826.456,"body":"has been one of the, uh, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2826.456,"endTime":2829.923,"body":"most interesting, parts of my,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2826.456,"endTime":2829.923,"body":"my career so far is, is looking"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2829.923,"endTime":2831.003,"body":"at how far you can push that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2831.195,"endTime":2834.028,"body":"which of our fire engineering"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2831.195,"endTime":2834.028,"body":"techniques, make the most sense"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2834.028,"endTime":2834.988,"body":"in these different settings?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2834.988,"endTime":2836.948,"body":"You know, measuring the heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2834.988,"endTime":2836.948,"body":"release rate, for example,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2836.948,"endTime":2839.881,"body":"that's still a pretty good way"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2836.948,"endTime":2839.881,"body":"to go to try to understand, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2840.096,"endTime":2840.516,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2840.841,"endTime":2843.481,"body":"or moisture content on,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2840.841,"endTime":2843.481,"body":"on the burning of fuels,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2843.481,"endTime":2844.801,"body":"measuring the mass loss rate."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2844.801,"endTime":2846.601,"body":"You know, these are things"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2844.801,"endTime":2846.601,"body":"that we do all the time,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2847.481,"endTime":2850.841,"body":"in fire science that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2847.481,"endTime":2850.841,"body":"help you to understand,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2851.251,"endTime":2853.521,"body":"um, how these different"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2851.251,"endTime":2853.521,"body":"materials are gonna burn."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2853.521,"endTime":2855.601,"body":"So from my point of view,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2853.521,"endTime":2855.601,"body":"there's not really a difference."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2855.601,"endTime":2858.481,"body":"I mean, I, I, I wear these two"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2855.601,"endTime":2858.481,"body":"hats because I feel like I'm,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2858.626,"endTime":2858.746,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2858.801,"endTime":2859.937,"body":"made to wear these two hats."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2860.234,"endTime":2862.758,"body":"when you talk to people, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2860.234,"endTime":2862.758,"body":"know, or wildfires are somehow"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2862.758,"endTime":2865.358,"body":"different from structure fires,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2862.758,"endTime":2865.358,"body":"but I don't know, it's the same"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2865.358,"endTime":2866.358,"body":"hat and just turn backwards,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2866.628,"endTime":2866.748,"body":"guess."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2867.335,"endTime":2867.825,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2868.048,"endTime":2870.978,"body":"I, I had an episode with, with"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2868.048,"endTime":2870.978,"body":"Sarah McAllister on the podcast,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2870.998,"endTime":2874.018,"body":"and we were talking about de"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2870.998,"endTime":2874.018,"body":"combustion different scales, and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2874.468,"endTime":2877.298,"body":"at some points we also ventured"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2874.468,"endTime":2877.298,"body":"in this weird place where"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2877.298,"endTime":2880.258,"body":"I was talking about opening"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2877.298,"endTime":2880.258,"body":"factors in combatant fires."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2880.398,"endTime":2883.058,"body":"She was talking about foresting"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2880.398,"endTime":2883.058,"body":"Cris, and we've realized"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2883.088,"endTime":2887.338,"body":"it's essentially the same"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2883.088,"endTime":2887.338,"body":"thing in the end, how air can"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2887.338,"endTime":2889.418,"body":"penetrate your source of fire."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2889.668,"endTime":2893.578,"body":"So, so, uh, it, it, it also"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2889.668,"endTime":2893.578,"body":"reaffirms your, your view"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2893.578,"endTime":2894.738,"body":"that it, it's the same thing."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2894.738,"endTime":2896.558,"body":"It's just just a little"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2894.738,"endTime":2896.558,"body":"different, scale or"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2896.558,"endTime":2899.781,"body":"different, application of,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2896.558,"endTime":2899.781,"body":"of the knowledge, um, for,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2899.781,"endTime":2901.941,"body":"for the end, something that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2899.781,"endTime":2901.941,"body":"was mentioned here many"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2901.941,"endTime":2903.741,"body":"times, uh, measuring fires."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2903.741,"endTime":2906.021,"body":"I, I think that's, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2903.741,"endTime":2906.021,"body":"that's also a fascinating"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2906.021,"endTime":2909.118,"body":"thing to understand how does"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2906.021,"endTime":2909.118,"body":"one actually measure fire?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2909.118,"endTime":2912.518,"body":"I, I think maybe, uh, you'll"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2909.118,"endTime":2912.518,"body":"agree, but I, I think."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2912.861,"endTime":2916.921,"body":"The moment where fire scientists"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2912.861,"endTime":2916.921,"body":"achieved ability to measure"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2916.921,"endTime":2920.761,"body":"fire in terms of it release"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2916.921,"endTime":2920.761,"body":"rate was, uh, one of the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2920.761,"endTime":2922.881,"body":"biggest turning points in the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2920.761,"endTime":2922.881,"body":"history of the discipline."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2922.911,"endTime":2927.751,"body":"Like we've finally received"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2922.911,"endTime":2927.751,"body":"a tool that can, quantify"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2927.751,"endTime":2928.951,"body":"the fire itself, not the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":2928.951,"endTime":2929.831,"body":"consequences of it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2930.476,"endTime":2932.561,"body":"Uh yeah, I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2930.476,"endTime":2932.561,"body":"mean, I think The ability"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2932.561,"endTime":2934.481,"body":"to measure the energy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2932.561,"endTime":2934.481,"body":"that's released by a fire."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2934.481,"endTime":2938.118,"body":"I think it did our way"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2934.481,"endTime":2938.118,"body":"to look as a paper, by"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2938.118,"endTime":2939.078,"body":"Babrauskas isn't there?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2939.078,"endTime":2940.798,"body":"That says, you know, heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2939.078,"endTime":2940.798,"body":"release rate is the most"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2940.798,"endTime":2943.198,"body":"important variable in fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2940.798,"endTime":2943.198,"body":"science or something like that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2943.198,"endTime":2944.078,"body":"It's, is the title."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2944.258,"endTime":2946.238,"body":"And I think that goes back"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2944.258,"endTime":2946.238,"body":"to the conversation we were"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2946.238,"endTime":2949.158,"body":"having before about how the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2946.238,"endTime":2949.158,"body":"energy release drives so"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2949.158,"endTime":2952.028,"body":"much of the feedbacks and the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2949.158,"endTime":2952.028,"body":"other processes um, that are"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2952.028,"endTime":2955.475,"body":"going on and the ability to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2952.028,"endTime":2955.475,"body":"measure know, came I suppose"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2955.475,"endTime":2959.252,"body":"once, uh, the diagnostics had"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2955.475,"endTime":2959.252,"body":"become sufficiently advanced"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2959.252,"endTime":2962.221,"body":"I guess in the seventies and,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2959.252,"endTime":2962.221,"body":"and in the, the early 1980s,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2962.412,"endTime":2964.761,"body":"in order to measure it using"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2962.412,"endTime":2964.761,"body":"the technique of oxygen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2964.761,"endTime":2967.968,"body":"consumption, Caltrate, which,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2964.761,"endTime":2967.968,"body":"is, you know, it's a pretty,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2968.378,"endTime":2970.391,"body":"uh, robust method, of measuring"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2970.431,"endTime":2970.851,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2971.241,"endTime":2974.471,"body":"Um, that's based on an"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2971.241,"endTime":2974.471,"body":"understanding of the chemistry,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2974.615,"endTime":2977.318,"body":"at one end, and then the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2974.615,"endTime":2977.318,"body":"ability to measure the amount"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2977.318,"endTime":2978.478,"body":"of oxygen that has been."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2979.303,"endTime":2982.033,"body":"Consumed by the reaction,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2979.303,"endTime":2982.033,"body":"uh, on the other end."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2982.163,"endTime":2984.593,"body":"So if we tackle the chemistry"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2982.163,"endTime":2984.593,"body":"bit to begin with, that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2984.593,"endTime":2986.513,"body":"pretty fundamental in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2984.593,"endTime":2986.513,"body":"terms of how this works."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2987.09,"endTime":2990.12,"body":"is that, you know, for most"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2987.09,"endTime":2990.12,"body":"things that we burn from"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2990.12,"endTime":2993.0,"body":"a chemical point of view"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2990.12,"endTime":2993.0,"body":"are pretty similar, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2993.17,"endTime":2994.32,"body":"They're made of carbon,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2994.565,"endTime":2995.175,"body":"mm-hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2995.28,"endTime":2995.4,"body":"hydrogen."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2995.553,"endTime":2997.673,"body":"sometimes they have some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2995.553,"endTime":2997.673,"body":"oxygen in there as well."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2997.883,"endTime":3000.593,"body":"Of course, we have exotic things"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":2997.883,"endTime":3000.593,"body":"that will have other stuff."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3000.593,"endTime":3002.433,"body":"You know, PVC will"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3000.593,"endTime":3002.433,"body":"have some chlorine"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3002.433,"endTime":3002.953,"body":"in it and,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3003.173,"endTime":3006.233,"body":"and, um, you know, polyurethane"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3003.173,"endTime":3006.233,"body":"will have some nitrogen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3006.233,"endTime":3008.793,"body":"in there, but mostly these"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3006.233,"endTime":3008.793,"body":"things are made of carbon,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3009.573,"endTime":3010.433,"body":"and oxygen."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3010.856,"endTime":3013.543,"body":"and if you understand the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3010.856,"endTime":3013.543,"body":"way that energy's released"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3013.543,"endTime":3016.43,"body":"in a fire, I mean, it's made"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3013.543,"endTime":3016.43,"body":"by breaking bonds, for which"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3016.43,"endTime":3017.59,"body":"you have to put energy in."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3017.92,"endTime":3022.15,"body":"Um, and then bonds reforming,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3017.92,"endTime":3022.15,"body":"um, to make new molecules in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3022.15,"endTime":3024.83,"body":"case of a fire that's usually"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3022.15,"endTime":3024.83,"body":"carbon dioxide and water,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3025.05,"endTime":3025.318,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3025.318,"endTime":3027.5,"body":"uh, the reason"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3025.318,"endTime":3027.5,"body":"that a fire, can spread"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3027.5,"endTime":3029.7,"body":"and can grow is because it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3027.5,"endTime":3029.7,"body":"releases more energy than it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3029.7,"endTime":3031.22,"body":"requires to break those bonds."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3031.83,"endTime":3032.95,"body":"So, if you think of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3033.16,"endTime":3033.32,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3033.35,"endTime":3035.71,"body":"terms of those chemical,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3033.35,"endTime":3035.71,"body":"uh, terms, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3035.71,"endTime":3036.59,"body":"you've got fuels that are."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3037.04,"endTime":3040.12,"body":"Broadly, quite similar"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3037.04,"endTime":3040.12,"body":"products of combustion that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3040.12,"endTime":3041.2,"body":"are basically always the same."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3041.2,"endTime":3044.16,"body":"You know, carbon dioxide, carbon"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3041.2,"endTime":3044.16,"body":"monoxide, maybe some water."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3045.08,"endTime":3047.72,"body":"and, and what we're actually"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3045.08,"endTime":3047.72,"body":"looking at are the, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3047.72,"endTime":3048.84,"body":"ratios of bonds, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3048.84,"endTime":3049.92,"body":"How many bonds do I break?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3049.92,"endTime":3051.6,"body":"How many bonds do I form?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3051.854,"endTime":3054.45,"body":"and once you start breaking"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3051.854,"endTime":3054.45,"body":"down to that level, you can"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3054.45,"endTime":3056.41,"body":"see, well again, there's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3054.45,"endTime":3056.41,"body":"more similarities and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3056.41,"endTime":3057.93,"body":"differences between the fuels."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3058.376,"endTime":3060.24,"body":"and, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3058.376,"endTime":3060.24,"body":"some work was done."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3060.24,"endTime":3062.4,"body":"I think actually the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3060.24,"endTime":3062.4,"body":"first work was done like"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3062.4,"endTime":3063.32,"body":"a really long time ago."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3063.41,"endTime":3065.55,"body":"Um, and I can't"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3063.41,"endTime":3065.55,"body":"remember, the, the paper"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3065.84,"endTime":3066.26,"body":"but"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3066.29,"endTime":3066.78,"body":"some"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3067.1,"endTime":3067.45,"body":"um,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3067.74,"endTime":3068.58,"body":"was by Thornton"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3069.74,"endTime":3070.18,"body":"Thornton"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3070.19,"endTime":3072.293,"body":"Um and he"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3070.19,"endTime":3072.293,"body":"found that basically you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3072.293,"endTime":3075.08,"body":"always get the same amount"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3072.293,"endTime":3075.08,"body":"of energy per, kilogram"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3075.14,"endTime":3075.82,"body":"of oxygen."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3076.236,"endTime":3077.726,"body":"That's like 1920s."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3077.726,"endTime":3078.766,"body":"That's, that's really a hundred"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3078.766,"endTime":3080.166,"body":"years old Uh piece of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3080.166,"endTime":3080.366,"body":"work"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3080.426,"endTime":3082.5,"body":"it took, the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3080.426,"endTime":3082.5,"body":"guys at NIST a little while,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3082.5,"endTime":3083.98,"body":"I guess, to figure out, um,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3084.29,"endTime":3084.65,"body":"to make"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3084.65,"endTime":3085.57,"body":"the diagnostics work"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3085.57,"endTime":3085.89,"body":"on"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3085.93,"endTime":3086.83,"body":"How exactly."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3087.04,"endTime":3087.46,"body":"and,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3088.34,"endTime":3088.83,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3089.02,"endTime":3091.42,"body":"so in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3089.02,"endTime":3091.42,"body":"1970s or so, once we had the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3091.42,"endTime":3094.303,"body":"ability to measure oxygen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3091.42,"endTime":3094.303,"body":"concentrations, in a relatively"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3094.303,"endTime":3097.133,"body":"simple way, we were able"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3094.303,"endTime":3097.133,"body":"to develop this idea of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3097.133,"endTime":3098.973,"body":"oxygen consumption calorimetry."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3099.25,"endTime":3102.82,"body":"and really, I mean, you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3099.25,"endTime":3102.82,"body":"simply, you measure how much"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3102.82,"endTime":3106.18,"body":"oxygen you have in the air,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3102.82,"endTime":3106.18,"body":"which is normally always 21%."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3106.4,"endTime":3109.58,"body":"And then you ignite something"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3106.4,"endTime":3109.58,"body":"and you keep measuring the air,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3109.645,"endTime":3113.14,"body":"And as you burn the object,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3109.645,"endTime":3113.14,"body":"you reduce the amount of oxygen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3113.172,"endTime":3114.353,"body":"that's in the exhaust stream."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3114.493,"endTime":3117.433,"body":"And, you know, by doing"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3114.493,"endTime":3117.433,"body":"some calculations to turn"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3117.533,"endTime":3120.833,"body":"concentration into a mass,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3117.533,"endTime":3120.833,"body":"you can figure out how"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3120.833,"endTime":3122.053,"body":"much energy, is released."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3122.635,"endTime":3125.121,"body":"the magic number that you need"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3122.635,"endTime":3125.121,"body":"to convert, between all of this"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3125.121,"endTime":3127.281,"body":"is something that you hear fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3125.121,"endTime":3127.281,"body":"scientists talk about a lot."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3127.281,"endTime":3131.321,"body":"This so-called 13.1 megajoules"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3127.281,"endTime":3131.321,"body":"per kilogram, of oxygen."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3131.545,"endTime":3132.265,"body":"it's an average."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3132.335,"endTime":3134.545,"body":"I mean, some materials"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3132.335,"endTime":3134.545,"body":"it's a bit higher."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3134.545,"endTime":3135.985,"body":"For some it's a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3134.545,"endTime":3135.985,"body":"little bit lower."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3136.249,"endTime":3139.498,"body":"but in terms of ability to make"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3136.249,"endTime":3139.498,"body":"the measurement, usually that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3139.498,"endTime":3140.898,"body":"good enough and it's also really"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3141.178,"endTime":3141.338,"body":"powerful"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3141.623,"endTime":3141.823,"body":"Mm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3142.058,"endTime":3144.338,"body":"we don't have to worry about"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3142.058,"endTime":3144.338,"body":"what we're burning anymore."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3144.428,"endTime":3147.745,"body":"if you're burning individual"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3144.428,"endTime":3147.745,"body":"pure materials, then fine,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3147.745,"endTime":3150.105,"body":"you can go and look up,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3147.745,"endTime":3150.105,"body":"you know, is it 13.1,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3150.425,"endTime":3152.865,"body":"13.2, you know, is it 12.9?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3153.265,"endTime":3153.385,"body":"Whatever."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3153.565,"endTime":3155.905,"body":"But if you're burning"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3153.565,"endTime":3155.905,"body":"something like couch or"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3156.085,"endTime":3157.345,"body":"you know, something that"},{"speaker":"rory","startTime":3157.545,"endTime":3157.705,"body":"is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3157.705,"endTime":3159.185,"body":"a, a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3157.705,"endTime":3159.185,"body":"composite or made"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3159.185,"endTime":3159.465,"body":"of many"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3160.07,"endTime":3160.63,"body":"Bagel."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3161.265,"endTime":3163.185,"body":"13.1 number"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3161.265,"endTime":3163.185,"body":"is, is then very useful."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3163.478,"endTime":3166.148,"body":"it also means that, you know, we"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3163.478,"endTime":3166.148,"body":"have to take these measurements"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3166.198,"endTime":3168.461,"body":"in that context, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3166.198,"endTime":3168.461,"body":"there's may be no sense"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3168.656,"endTime":3169.266,"body":"Mm-hmm"},{"speaker":"rory","startTime":3169.621,"endTime":3169.821,"body":"places"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3169.821,"endTime":3170.741,"body":"the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3169.821,"endTime":3170.741,"body":"heat release rate"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3170.741,"endTime":3171.421,"body":"of your fire."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3171.751,"endTime":3173.805,"body":"but technique is so"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3171.751,"endTime":3173.805,"body":"powerful in letting us."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3174.8,"endTime":3175.04,"body":"some"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3175.05,"endTime":3177.17,"body":"handle on"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3175.05,"endTime":3177.17,"body":"that, that fire size."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3177.48,"endTime":3179.016,"body":"there's a lot of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3177.48,"endTime":3179.016,"body":"tricks in there though."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3179.016,"endTime":3183.016,"body":"The, the, the process is not one"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3179.016,"endTime":3183.016,"body":"that is super easy to follow."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3183.076,"endTime":3185.083,"body":"And, you know, I would"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3183.076,"endTime":3185.083,"body":"encourage people to go and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3185.083,"endTime":3188.293,"body":"look at the original work"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3185.083,"endTime":3188.293,"body":"and, unpick that calculation."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3188.506,"endTime":3190.39,"body":"there's a lot in there that is,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3190.544,"endTime":3192.784,"body":"translating from the general"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3190.544,"endTime":3192.784,"body":"concept that I've just"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3192.784,"endTime":3195.264,"body":"described to implementing it,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3192.784,"endTime":3195.264,"body":"to making those measurements"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3195.574,"endTime":3195.734,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3195.824,"endTime":3198.904,"body":"technologies um, that's not"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3195.824,"endTime":3198.904,"body":"quite so straightforward."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3199.074,"endTime":3201.504,"body":"Um, but that's the jive of it, I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3199.074,"endTime":3201.504,"body":"think, you know, is, is finding"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3201.504,"endTime":3202.784,"body":"these devils in the details."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3203.16,"endTime":3205.94,"body":"the other way to measure heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3203.16,"endTime":3205.94,"body":"release rate that I think is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3205.94,"endTime":3209.087,"body":"really powerful as well is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3205.94,"endTime":3209.087,"body":"just by measuring the weight of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3209.087,"endTime":3209.567,"body":"the thing that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3209.567,"endTime":3209.727,"body":"burning"},{"speaker":"Rory 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Hadden","startTime":3216.891,"endTime":3218.35,"body":"the energy that's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3216.891,"endTime":3218.35,"body":"being released."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3218.56,"endTime":3220.67,"body":"Um, again, that can be quite"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3218.56,"endTime":3220.67,"body":"complex if you're burning."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3221.365,"endTime":3223.465,"body":"not pure materials because"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3221.365,"endTime":3223.465,"body":"what is the heat of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3223.465,"endTime":3224.385,"body":"combustion of a couch?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3224.385,"endTime":3224.825,"body":"I mean, I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3224.825,"endTime":3225.145,"body":"don't know."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3225.385,"endTime":3227.605,"body":"but you know, it can"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3225.385,"endTime":3227.605,"body":"give you a sanity check,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3227.605,"endTime":3228.525,"body":"uh, on these numbers."},{"speaker":"rory","startTime":3228.861,"endTime":3229.279,"body":"and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3229.629,"endTime":3231.319,"body":"I think the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3229.629,"endTime":3231.319,"body":"nice thing about the mass"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3231.319,"endTime":3234.225,"body":"loss technique is, is that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3231.319,"endTime":3234.225,"body":"something that you can, deploy"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3234.225,"endTime":3235.425,"body":"at different scales, right?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3235.595,"endTime":3237.705,"body":"Um, and it's relatively"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3235.595,"endTime":3237.705,"body":"easy to do that."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3237.985,"endTime":3238.425,"body":"So one"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3238.425,"endTime":3238.825,"body":"of the things,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3238.99,"endTime":3239.15,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3239.505,"endTime":3243.075,"body":"coming back to my time in,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3239.505,"endTime":3243.075,"body":"the wildfire world, one of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3243.075,"endTime":3245.515,"body":"things I've been trying to do"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3243.075,"endTime":3245.515,"body":"there is, you know, which of our"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3245.515,"endTime":3249.795,"body":"usual techniques can we take out"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3245.515,"endTime":3249.795,"body":"of the lab and into the woods?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3250.007,"endTime":3253.012,"body":"uh, we can't put a giant,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3250.007,"endTime":3253.012,"body":"extraction system on top of the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3253.012,"endTime":3254.292,"body":"forest that we would need to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3254.317,"endTime":3254.597,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3254.692,"endTime":3257.212,"body":"heat release rate by oxygen"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3254.692,"endTime":3257.212,"body":"consumption color imagery,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3257.552,"endTime":3261.252,"body":"but we can maybe put a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3257.552,"endTime":3261.252,"body":"load cell, uh, underground,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3261.252,"endTime":3263.252,"body":"you know, build a platform"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3261.252,"endTime":3263.252,"body":"and put a load cell there."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3263.262,"endTime":3265.492,"body":"So the mass loss"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3263.262,"endTime":3265.492,"body":"technique, I think."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3265.736,"endTime":3266.704,"body":"It's pretty useful."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3266.742,"endTime":3269.07,"body":"from that point of view,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3266.742,"endTime":3269.07,"body":"uh, it's, it's a little"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3269.07,"endTime":3269.83,"body":"bit more adaptable."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3269.86,"endTime":3271.19,"body":"It's a little bit more robust."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3271.19,"endTime":3273.19,"body":"You know, you only need"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3271.19,"endTime":3273.19,"body":"to make one measurement."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3273.19,"endTime":3275.35,"body":"There's only one piece of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3273.19,"endTime":3275.35,"body":"hardware that you need."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3275.69,"endTime":3278.41,"body":"so I think, you know, looking"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3275.69,"endTime":3278.41,"body":"at, at the techniques and,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3278.654,"endTime":3281.987,"body":"asked the question of, of,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3278.654,"endTime":3281.987,"body":"our, um, ability to measure"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3282.027,"endTime":3283.867,"body":"fires has improved massively."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3283.997,"endTime":3285.227,"body":"Um, which it totally has."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3285.357,"endTime":3287.267,"body":"Um, but I think the other"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3285.357,"endTime":3287.267,"body":"thing we have to remember"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3287.267,"endTime":3289.347,"body":"as scientists is you know"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3287.267,"endTime":3289.347,"body":"why do we want to make the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3290.18,"endTime":3290.34,"body":"is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3290.34,"endTime":3290.94,"body":"going on here?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3290.94,"endTime":3291.18,"body":"And,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3291.425,"endTime":3291.845,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3291.98,"endTime":3294.487,"body":"it comes to measuring fires,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3291.98,"endTime":3294.487,"body":"I always think that, there's"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3294.647,"endTime":3295.927,"body":"two levels of the measurement."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3295.927,"endTime":3298.367,"body":"There's like the global"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3295.927,"endTime":3298.367,"body":"measurement, so that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3298.367,"endTime":3299.167,"body":"could be the heat release"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3299.362,"endTime":3299.522,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3299.537,"endTime":3302.727,"body":"Um, for example, uh, in a"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3299.537,"endTime":3302.727,"body":"wildfire it might be the rate"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3302.727,"endTime":3304.167,"body":"of spread in the wildfire."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3304.537,"endTime":3305.207,"body":"Um, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3305.382,"endTime":3305.732,"body":"mm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3305.887,"endTime":3306.047,"body":"really"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3306.699,"endTime":3308.299,"body":"things to characterize a fire,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3308.719,"endTime":3309.299,"body":"but then"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3310.299,"endTime":3311.699,"body":"always interested in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3310.299,"endTime":3311.699,"body":"the next level down."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3311.699,"endTime":3314.019,"body":"You know, why is that the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3311.699,"endTime":3314.019,"body":"spread rate that we have?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3314.039,"endTime":3316.219,"body":"Why is that the heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3314.039,"endTime":3316.219,"body":"release rate that we have?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3316.479,"endTime":3319.339,"body":"And that's where we we're able"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3316.479,"endTime":3319.339,"body":"to kind of pull back on all"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3319.339,"endTime":3321.412,"body":"those ideas we talked about"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3319.339,"endTime":3321.412,"body":"in terms of, know, what is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3321.412,"endTime":3324.612,"body":"the flame, uh, understanding"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3321.412,"endTime":3324.612,"body":"the, the processes that drive"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3324.612,"endTime":3327.252,"body":"a flame, understanding the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3324.612,"endTime":3327.252,"body":"heat transfer mechanisms"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3327.252,"endTime":3328.812,"body":"that result in the feedbacks."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3328.942,"endTime":3331.709,"body":"So we're, we live in an"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3328.942,"endTime":3331.709,"body":"age where, you know, people"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3331.709,"endTime":3333.909,"body":"before us made it easy to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3331.709,"endTime":3333.909,"body":"make these measurements."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3334.049,"endTime":3335.589,"body":"Now what I think the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3335.759,"endTime":3335.919,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3336.029,"endTime":3337.669,"body":"we're living in is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3336.029,"endTime":3337.669,"body":"the, is the why."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3337.669,"endTime":3340.309,"body":"You know, why is that the heat"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3337.669,"endTime":3340.309,"body":"relief rate, why is that the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3340.309,"endTime":3341.429,"body":"rate spread of a wildfire?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3341.429,"endTime":3344.269,"body":"Why is that the rate"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3341.429,"endTime":3344.269,"body":"spread, um, on our facade?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3344.269,"endTime":3344.989,"body":"You know, why is that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3345.109,"endTime":3345.229,"body":"Hmm"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3345.309,"endTime":3346.789,"body":"growth rate in my"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3345.309,"endTime":3346.789,"body":"timber compartment?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3347.169,"endTime":3350.709,"body":"And I think those questions"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3347.169,"endTime":3350.709,"body":"are much more interesting"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3350.799,"endTime":3353.519,"body":"Forms of question than"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3350.799,"endTime":3353.519,"body":"just, you know, how big"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3353.519,"endTime":3355.199,"body":"or how fast or whatever."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3355.242,"endTime":3358.569,"body":"because once you know the why,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3355.242,"endTime":3358.569,"body":"you can then actually start to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3358.809,"endTime":3362.209,"body":"engineer systems and products"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3358.809,"endTime":3362.209,"body":"and materials much much better"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3362.294,"endTime":3363.814,"body":"There,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3362.294,"endTime":3363.814,"body":"there's one more way, which"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3363.814,"endTime":3366.894,"body":"is extremely hot, but I know"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3363.814,"endTime":3366.894,"body":"there was an attempt, like"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3367.074,"endTime":3370.884,"body":"technically it's a release"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3367.074,"endTime":3370.884,"body":"of so by solving the complete"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3370.884,"endTime":3373.764,"body":"heat transfer of your whole"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3370.884,"endTime":3373.764,"body":"thermodynamic system of your"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3373.764,"endTime":3374.764,"body":"compartment, you can do that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3374.764,"endTime":3378.244,"body":"And there was this Edinburgh"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3374.764,"endTime":3378.244,"body":"Tall Building, uh, experiment."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3378.584,"endTime":3381.082,"body":"I think Juan made a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3378.584,"endTime":3381.082,"body":"quite a decent attempt"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3381.13,"endTime":3383.4,"body":"on figuring out from heat"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3381.13,"endTime":3383.4,"body":"transfer, but, but that,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3383.4,"endTime":3384.6,"body":"that's hardcore, uh, right."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3384.6,"endTime":3385.16,"body":"It's, it's not"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3385.16,"endTime":3385.8,"body":"easy to solve"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3385.8,"endTime":3386.0,"body":"that"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3386.065,"endTime":3388.435,"body":"I think we have"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3386.065,"endTime":3388.435,"body":"to think carefully about"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3388.585,"endTime":3390.825,"body":"what measurements do you want"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3388.585,"endTime":3390.825,"body":"to make and why, you know?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3390.825,"endTime":3392.025,"body":"Cause if you want to solve"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3392.29,"endTime":3392.78,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3392.945,"endTime":3394.825,"body":"that way, you need to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3392.945,"endTime":3394.825,"body":"make a very different set"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3394.825,"endTime":3395.345,"body":"of measurements"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3395.815,"endTime":3396.305,"body":"then,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3396.412,"endTime":3396.719,"body":"if"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3396.719,"endTime":3398.199,"body":"you want to solve it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3396.719,"endTime":3398.199,"body":"in a different way."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3398.199,"endTime":3399.994,"body":"And this is for me"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3398.199,"endTime":3399.994,"body":"is now the hard part."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3399.994,"endTime":3402.114,"body":"Cause we do have a lot"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3399.994,"endTime":3402.114,"body":"of toys at our disposal."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3402.114,"endTime":3404.274,"body":"You know, we've got"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3402.114,"endTime":3404.274,"body":"lots of different"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3404.419,"endTime":3404.909,"body":"Yeah"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3404.914,"endTime":3407.794,"body":"things, you know, mass loss,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3404.914,"endTime":3407.794,"body":"temperature, heat flux, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3407.794,"endTime":3410.874,"body":"energy release, you know,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3407.794,"endTime":3410.874,"body":"whatever we can, we can do it."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3410.874,"endTime":3411.114,"body":"Right."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3411.114,"endTime":3413.514,"body":"The, you know, we can even"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3411.114,"endTime":3413.514,"body":"shine lasers into flames"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3413.664,"endTime":3414.144,"body":"look at the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3414.264,"endTime":3414.384,"body":"structure."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3414.827,"endTime":3418.162,"body":"you can see where the,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3414.827,"endTime":3418.162,"body":"uh, ions are in the flame."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3418.162,"endTime":3418.642,"body":"Exactly."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3418.642,"endTime":3420.242,"body":"Like, oh, age"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3418.642,"endTime":3420.242,"body":"group, where is it?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3420.242,"endTime":3422.572,"body":"And you, you can actually"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3420.242,"endTime":3422.572,"body":"map that in, in real"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3422.572,"endTime":3423.492,"body":"time It's amazing"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3425.277,"endTime":3426.957,"body":"question I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3425.277,"endTime":3426.957,"body":"always end up coming back to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3426.957,"endTime":3428.644,"body":"is, do you want to do it how"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3428.644,"endTime":3428.844,"body":"does"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3428.844,"endTime":3429.284,"body":"it help"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3429.284,"endTime":3429.444,"body":"you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3430.174,"endTime":3431.644,"body":"to take a step forward?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3431.644,"endTime":3433.964,"body":"Because, you know, sometimes"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3431.644,"endTime":3433.964,"body":"I think the most difficult"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3433.964,"endTime":3437.004,"body":"thing is having lots of data"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3433.964,"endTime":3437.004,"body":"and then not being able to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3437.004,"endTime":3438.004,"body":"see the wood for the trees."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3438.004,"endTime":3438.364,"body":"Right."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3438.574,"endTime":3439.004,"body":"So I"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3439.004,"endTime":3441.74,"body":"think bit of experience"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3439.004,"endTime":3441.74,"body":"that I've, uh, developed"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3441.74,"endTime":3443.06,"body":"over the, the years is,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3443.12,"endTime":3443.32,"body":"is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3443.595,"endTime":3445.955,"body":"really hard ahead"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3443.595,"endTime":3445.955,"body":"of time about the measurement"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3445.955,"endTime":3448.715,"body":"that you want to make, make"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3445.955,"endTime":3448.715,"body":"that measurement really well,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3448.895,"endTime":3451.282,"body":"and then try to compliment"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3448.895,"endTime":3451.282,"body":"that measurement, in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3451.282,"endTime":3452.122,"body":"context of your problem."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3452.122,"endTime":3454.482,"body":"Because these days, yes,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3452.122,"endTime":3454.482,"body":"we can measure everything."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3455.165,"endTime":3456.565,"body":"question is, is it"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3455.165,"endTime":3456.565,"body":"desirable to do that?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3456.565,"endTime":3457.165,"body":"You know is"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3457.165,"endTime":3457.445,"body":"it going"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3457.445,"endTime":3458.125,"body":"to actually help you?"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3458.295,"endTime":3461.005,"body":"Um, do you have, you know, three"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3458.295,"endTime":3461.005,"body":"years to spend crunching through"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3461.285,"endTime":3462.485,"body":"all that data or whatever."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3462.575,"endTime":3465.689,"body":"So I think, you know, we,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3462.575,"endTime":3465.689,"body":"we've moved on from the age"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3465.785,"endTime":3466.945,"body":"how to make the measurements."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3466.945,"endTime":3468.505,"body":"Now I think as I've"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3466.945,"endTime":3468.505,"body":"said it's about"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3468.645,"endTime":3469.765,"body":"about"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3468.645,"endTime":3469.765,"body":"what do those measurements."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3470.005,"endTime":3470.425,"body":"Why?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3470.502,"endTime":3471.255,"body":"Fantastic."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3471.565,"endTime":3472.885,"body":"that was a fantastic journey."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3473.335,"endTime":3476.885,"body":"It might be my new, one"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3473.335,"endTime":3476.885,"body":"of the favorite episodes,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3477.325,"endTime":3478.361,"body":". Thanks Rory for that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3478.705,"endTime":3482.665,"body":"I would like to, place an"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3478.705,"endTime":3482.665,"body":"advertisement  on your behalf."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3482.675,"endTime":3485.425,"body":"Uh, I know that University"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3482.675,"endTime":3485.425,"body":"of Edinburgh is starting"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3485.425,"endTime":3489.835,"body":"a new masters in, f you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3485.425,"endTime":3489.835,"body":"already had a structural"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3490.255,"endTime":3493.675,"body":"one, like you are very well"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3490.255,"endTime":3493.675,"body":"known for a structural curse."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3493.725,"endTime":3497.195,"body":"So maybe you can, uh, tell"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3493.725,"endTime":3497.195,"body":"anyone listening who, who would"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3497.195,"endTime":3500.075,"body":"like to, to pursue a formal"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3497.195,"endTime":3500.075,"body":"education in fif engineering."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3500.075,"endTime":3500.395,"body":"Uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3500.395,"endTime":3502.195,"body":"what what's in the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3500.395,"endTime":3502.195,"body":"offer from Edinburgh"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3502.195,"endTime":3502.355,"body":"Nowaday"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3502.59,"endTime":3503.884,"body":"you as you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3502.59,"endTime":3503.884,"body":"said, yeah, we've, had"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3503.884,"endTime":3506.204,"body":"an MSC since the 1970s."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3506.43,"endTime":3509.9,"body":"um, the MSC started by, uh,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3506.43,"endTime":3509.9,"body":"Doug Drysdale, professor"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3509.9,"endTime":3511.74,"body":"Rasbash and, uh, Eric Merchant."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3511.924,"endTime":3515.747,"body":"and we have a long history of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3511.924,"endTime":3515.747,"body":"teaching fire, um, in Edinburgh."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3516.49,"endTime":3519.24,"body":"uh, what we've launched"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3516.49,"endTime":3519.24,"body":"for, students starting in"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3519.24,"endTime":3522.95,"body":"2023, um, is a new, version"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3519.24,"endTime":3522.95,"body":"of that MSC that I think,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3523.084,"endTime":3526.108,"body":"reflects more the needs,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3523.084,"endTime":3526.108,"body":"of fire engineering today."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3526.9,"endTime":3527.3,"body":"the MS."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3527.55,"endTime":3531.797,"body":"C focuses on really delivering,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3527.55,"endTime":3531.797,"body":"a solid, grounding in the"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3531.797,"endTime":3533.477,"body":"basics of, of fire science."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3533.728,"endTime":3535.88,"body":"the, the MSE is called"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3533.728,"endTime":3535.88,"body":"fire Engineering Science."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3535.89,"endTime":3539.56,"body":"So it's, um, really trying to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3535.89,"endTime":3539.56,"body":"put at the forefront of fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3539.8,"endTime":3542.36,"body":"engineering the, the concepts"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3539.8,"endTime":3542.36,"body":"and the scientific principles"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3542.36,"endTime":3543.8,"body":"that underpin the discipline."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3544.09,"endTime":3547.66,"body":"Um, so, you know, we draw on,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3544.09,"endTime":3547.66,"body":"know, areas of, of combustion"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3547.66,"endTime":3550.86,"body":"heat and mass transfer, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3547.66,"endTime":3550.86,"body":"of course the fire engineering"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3550.86,"endTime":3553.62,"body":"itself, you know, how you apply,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3550.86,"endTime":3553.62,"body":"uh, these sorts of things."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3553.72,"endTime":3553.96,"body":"of things"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3554.3,"endTime":3556.33,"body":"uh, we also"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3554.3,"endTime":3556.33,"body":"have, as, as part of the,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3556.33,"endTime":3558.974,"body":"the class as, as part of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3556.33,"endTime":3558.974,"body":"the degree, practical work"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3558.974,"endTime":3560.094,"body":"in laboratory as well."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3560.094,"endTime":3563.534,"body":"So, you know, being exposed to"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3560.094,"endTime":3563.534,"body":"making the kinds of measurements"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3563.534,"endTime":3565.974,"body":"you've been speaking about,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3563.534,"endTime":3565.974,"body":"understanding the complexities"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3565.974,"endTime":3569.134,"body":"of that, understanding the value"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3565.974,"endTime":3569.134,"body":"of some measurements, um, under"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3569.134,"endTime":3572.04,"body":"different contexts, looking"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3569.134,"endTime":3572.04,"body":"at standardized test methods,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3572.04,"endTime":3574.694,"body":"as well, you know, and, and"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3572.04,"endTime":3574.694,"body":"analyzing the data from them."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3575.559,"endTime":3578.859,"body":"So, hopefully, an exciting"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3575.559,"endTime":3578.859,"body":"kind of, broad, uh, education"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3578.859,"endTime":3580.019,"body":"in fire engineering science."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3580.079,"endTime":3580.959,"body":", so the graduates can"},{"speaker":"rory","startTime":3580.959,"endTime":3581.079,"body":"go"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3581.079,"endTime":3582.919,"body":"into careers where,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3581.079,"endTime":3582.919,"body":"you know, they're talking about,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3582.951,"endTime":3585.79,"body":"the important concepts of fire"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3582.951,"endTime":3585.79,"body":"science that underpin the issues"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3585.79,"endTime":3589.07,"body":"around, whether it's timber,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3585.79,"endTime":3589.07,"body":"buildings, facades, wildfires."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3589.07,"endTime":3591.59,"body":"Really the idea is to try"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3589.07,"endTime":3591.59,"body":"and create the broadest"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3591.83,"endTime":3593.85,"body":"possible, spectrum,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3591.83,"endTime":3593.85,"body":"uh, for fire engineers."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3593.85,"endTime":3595.29,"body":"And so we're excited about it."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3595.3,"endTime":3597.69,"body":"Um, we'll make sure"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3595.3,"endTime":3597.69,"body":"that the link is in the,"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3597.832,"endTime":3599.112,"body":"podcast episode somehow."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3599.322,"endTime":3601.432,"body":"Um, if people are interested"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3599.322,"endTime":3601.432,"body":"in finding out more or"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3601.432,"endTime":3604.072,"body":"applying or, or they can of"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3601.432,"endTime":3604.072,"body":"course feel free uh to get"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3604.092,"endTime":3604.412,"body":"to get"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3604.412,"endTime":3604.732,"body":"in touch"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3604.989,"endTime":3608.842,"body":"And, yeah, you heard the man,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3604.989,"endTime":3608.842,"body":"the masters, program is, is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3608.842,"endTime":3612.242,"body":"this exact podcast episode by,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3608.842,"endTime":3612.242,"body":"but spread out over two years"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3612.242,"endTime":3614.242,"body":"and filled with amazing content"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3614.452,"endTime":3614.892,"body":"just"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3614.952,"endTime":3615.072,"body":"year."},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3615.072,"endTime":3615.552,"body":"Just yeah"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3615.612,"endTime":3615.892,"body":"yeah."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3615.912,"endTime":3616.492,"body":"one year."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3616.492,"endTime":3616.744,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3617.728,"endTime":3619.154,"body":"Rory, thanks for doing this."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3619.154,"endTime":3620.991,"body":"It was amazing, talking to you"},{"speaker":"Rory Hadden","startTime":3621.091,"endTime":3621.761,"body":"Alright"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3622.675,"endTime":3624.655,"body":"And that's,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3622.675,"endTime":3624.655,"body":"it's a very brief introduction"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3624.655,"endTime":3626.845,"body":"to combustion in the flame"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3624.655,"endTime":3626.845,"body":"for fire safety engineering."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3626.875,"endTime":3628.015,"body":"I hope you've enjoyed that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3628.405,"endTime":3631.105,"body":"Let me know what you think"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3628.405,"endTime":3631.105,"body":"about this type of content."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3631.105,"endTime":3633.805,"body":"And I'll, we'll try to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3631.105,"endTime":3633.805,"body":"bring more if you like it."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3633.982,"endTime":3636.712,"body":"There's so many subjects"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3633.982,"endTime":3636.712,"body":"that could be covered in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3636.712,"endTime":3640.642,"body":"this way with, uh, some, all"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3636.712,"endTime":3640.642,"body":"stars of the fire discipline."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3640.642,"endTime":3641.366,"body":"I always found it."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3641.378,"endTime":3644.948,"body":"Very interesting to learn"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3641.378,"endTime":3644.948,"body":"the basics from the best."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3645.368,"endTime":3647.738,"body":"It's usually very"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3645.368,"endTime":3647.738,"body":"interesting experience to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3647.738,"endTime":3649.148,"body":"actually try and listen."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3649.178,"endTime":3652.238,"body":"What the world's brightest"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3649.178,"endTime":3652.238,"body":"minds have to say about the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3652.598,"endTime":3654.278,"body":"most fundamental phenomenon."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3654.488,"endTime":3655.778,"body":"You always learn something."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3655.838,"endTime":3659.158,"body":"As I said, I have learned lots"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3655.838,"endTime":3659.158,"body":"during this interview and I have"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3659.158,"endTime":3660.808,"body":"enjoyed talking to Rory a lot."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3660.858,"endTime":3663.588,"body":"So I hope that this type of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3660.858,"endTime":3663.588,"body":"content can be interesting"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3663.588,"endTime":3665.118,"body":"for any type of fire engineer."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3665.508,"endTime":3667.548,"body":"I don't think there's"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3665.508,"endTime":3667.548,"body":"much to add in here."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3667.848,"endTime":3671.598,"body":"Um, outside of three books"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3667.848,"endTime":3671.598,"body":"debts, you definitely should"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3671.598,"endTime":3673.698,"body":"have on your, on your bookshelf."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3673.698,"endTime":3676.668,"body":"I'm going to link this, uh,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3673.698,"endTime":3676.668,"body":"titles in the show notes."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3676.968,"endTime":3679.308,"body":"That's an introduction to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3676.968,"endTime":3679.308,"body":"fire dynamics, Bali duel."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3679.338,"endTime":3681.228,"body":"A little Drysdale"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3679.338,"endTime":3681.228,"body":"and absolute classic."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3681.273,"endTime":3685.293,"body":"There are fundamentals of fire"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3681.273,"endTime":3685.293,"body":"phenomenon by Quintiere and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3685.293,"endTime":3688.323,"body":"Enclosure Fire Dynamics by"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3685.293,"endTime":3688.323,"body":"Quintiere and Karlsson three"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3688.353,"endTime":3690.153,"body":"magnificent books that cover."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3690.453,"endTime":3692.733,"body":"So many aspects of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3690.453,"endTime":3692.733,"body":"fundamental fire engineering."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3692.733,"endTime":3696.033,"body":"And if in your career"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3692.733,"endTime":3696.033,"body":"path, you've never had the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3696.063,"endTime":3696.993,"body":"chance to go through them."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3696.993,"endTime":3699.813,"body":"I absolutely recommend that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3696.993,"endTime":3699.813,"body":"because there's no many"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3699.933,"endTime":3701.973,"body":"other places in the world"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3699.933,"endTime":3701.973,"body":"of fire science where you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3701.973,"endTime":3704.973,"body":"can learn as much as reading"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3701.973,"endTime":3704.973,"body":"through this masterpieces."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3705.35,"endTime":3707.21,"body":"Anyway, I won't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3705.35,"endTime":3707.21,"body":"prolong this too much."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3707.21,"endTime":3708.83,"body":"I'm still recovering"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3707.21,"endTime":3708.83,"body":"from my flu."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3709.103,"endTime":3713.123,"body":"Has every good employee I took"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3709.103,"endTime":3713.123,"body":"my week off after Christmas."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3713.123,"endTime":3713.513,"body":"And."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3714.143,"endTime":3715.193,"body":"And Colton nasty flu."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3715.373,"endTime":3716.753,"body":"So I spend most of it in bed."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3717.173,"endTime":3719.161,"body":"It's still recovering,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3717.173,"endTime":3719.161,"body":"but It's going good."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3719.346,"endTime":3722.936,"body":"so yeah, I'll go back to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3719.346,"endTime":3722.936,"body":"rest and, hope to see you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3722.936,"endTime":3724.346,"body":"here back in next Wednesday."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3724.466,"endTime":3728.036,"body":"And there's another episode"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3724.466,"endTime":3728.036,"body":"waiting for you and next"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3728.066,"endTime":3730.466,"body":"week's going to be quite"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3728.066,"endTime":3730.466,"body":"interesting for the podcast."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3730.466,"endTime":3730.856,"body":"I think."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3731.096,"endTime":3733.286,"body":"So you rather don't"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3731.096,"endTime":3733.286,"body":"want to miss that."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3733.346,"endTime":3733.826,"body":"Cheers."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wegrzynski","startTime":3733.856,"endTime":3734.216,"body":"Bye."}]}