{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":5.28,"endTime":7.98,"body":"Welcome to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":5.28,"endTime":7.98,"body":"the Fire Science Show. My name"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":7.98,"endTime":10.62,"body":"is Wojciech Wgrzyski and I"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":7.98,"endTime":10.62,"body":"will be your host"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":25.71,"endTime":28.59,"body":"Hello, everyone. Welcome to the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":25.71,"endTime":28.59,"body":"session six of the fire science"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":28.59,"endTime":32.31,"body":"show. My name is Wojciech, and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":28.59,"endTime":32.31,"body":"I'm all on my own in here and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":32.37,"endTime":38.4,"body":"today. Today we're gonna talk on"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":32.37,"endTime":38.4,"body":"car park fire safety. In light"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":38.4,"endTime":43.08,"body":"of the new challenges introduced"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":38.4,"endTime":43.08,"body":"into the car parks in the form"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":43.08,"endTime":47.1,"body":"of the electric vehicles and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":43.08,"endTime":47.1,"body":"battery powered vehicles. In the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":47.1,"endTime":51.03,"body":"last week episode you've heard"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":47.1,"endTime":51.03,"body":"discussion with Roeland Bisschop"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":51.03,"endTime":55.2,"body":"from RISE, who has actually"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":51.03,"endTime":55.2,"body":"burned some of the electric"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":55.2,"endTime":59.01,"body":"vehicles which is quite a rare"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":55.2,"endTime":59.01,"body":"thing in fire science and has"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":59.01,"endTime":62.55,"body":"great experience in battery"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":59.01,"endTime":62.55,"body":"fires. And with Roeland, we've"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":62.55,"endTime":66.66,"body":"discussed a lot of aspects on"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":62.55,"endTime":66.66,"body":"the fire safety of batteries,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":67.08,"endTime":71.67,"body":"lithium ion batteries, in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":67.08,"endTime":71.67,"body":"particular, also in in relation"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":71.67,"endTime":74.13,"body":"to the electric vehicles and the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":71.67,"endTime":74.13,"body":"challenges posed by these"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":74.13,"endTime":78.45,"body":"vehicles. So if you've missed"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":74.13,"endTime":78.45,"body":"episode five, definitely check"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":78.45,"endTime":81.75,"body":"it out because there's some"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":78.45,"endTime":81.75,"body":"priceless knowledge shared by"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":81.75,"endTime":85.05,"body":"Roeland in there and I have"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":81.75,"endTime":85.05,"body":"definitely learned a lot from"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":85.05,"endTime":85.98,"body":"that discussion."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":86.58,"endTime":90.09,"body":"In today's episode, I'm gonna"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":86.58,"endTime":90.09,"body":"take a different look on the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":90.09,"endTime":95.34,"body":"problem of the fire safety of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":90.09,"endTime":95.34,"body":"car parks. So we're gonna"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":95.34,"endTime":98.88,"body":"discuss what can happen if an"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":95.34,"endTime":98.88,"body":"electric vehicle burns in the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":98.88,"endTime":101.88,"body":"carpark, how the building"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":98.88,"endTime":101.88,"body":"automation systems can deal with"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":101.88,"endTime":106.2,"body":"that. And is it truly a new"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":101.88,"endTime":106.2,"body":"challenge? Is there anything to"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":106.2,"endTime":106.92,"body":"worry about?"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":108.01,"endTime":112.72,"body":"So I'm to give you a background"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":108.01,"endTime":112.72,"body":"how I got into this topic. The"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":112.72,"endTime":117.1,"body":"electric vehicle fires are"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":112.72,"endTime":117.1,"body":"something in our industry that"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":117.1,"endTime":120.91,"body":"you often see in social media,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":117.1,"endTime":120.91,"body":"you often see them in in like,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":121.24,"endTime":125.62,"body":"television reports. They're just"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":121.24,"endTime":125.62,"body":"impressive visually and and"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":125.62,"endTime":129.79,"body":"very, they bring a lot of"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":125.62,"endTime":129.79,"body":"attention to the problem because"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":129.79,"endTime":132.97,"body":"there's something new; they're"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":129.79,"endTime":132.97,"body":"in a way exciting, they look"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":132.97,"endTime":136.96,"body":"different. They seem very"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":132.97,"endTime":136.96,"body":"dangerous. You learn about the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":136.96,"endTime":140.5,"body":"challenges of firefighters in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":136.96,"endTime":140.5,"body":"extinguishing them. So yeah,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":140.5,"endTime":143.05,"body":"definitely they make a great new"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":140.5,"endTime":143.05,"body":"story."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":144.16,"endTime":148.69,"body":"This fires certainly get a lot"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":144.16,"endTime":148.69,"body":"of attention, maybe even more"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":148.69,"endTime":152.92,"body":"than they deserve. Yeah, up to a"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":148.69,"endTime":152.92,"body":"point I was not really"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":152.92,"endTime":157.0,"body":"interested in them even though"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":152.92,"endTime":157.0,"body":"I'm, I'm a car park guy. If you"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":157.0,"endTime":160.87,"body":"if you didn't know me, I've"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":157.0,"endTime":160.87,"body":"studied car park firesafety for"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":160.87,"endTime":164.74,"body":"like a decade. With my"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":160.87,"endTime":164.74,"body":"colleague, Dr. Grzegorz"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":164.74,"endTime":168.46,"body":"Krajewski we have written a book"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":164.74,"endTime":168.46,"body":"in Polish about designing smoke"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":168.46,"endTime":171.94,"body":"control in car parks. I'm"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":168.46,"endTime":171.94,"body":"involved in CEN workgroups,"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":172.33,"endTime":177.46,"body":"where we build new standards for"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":172.33,"endTime":177.46,"body":"smoke control and car parks. And"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":177.46,"endTime":182.02,"body":"I personally do design smoke"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":177.46,"endTime":182.02,"body":"control in car parks in Poland."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":182.5,"endTime":187.15,"body":"I've done a lot of such designs"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":182.5,"endTime":187.15,"body":"and then..."},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":188.56,"endTime":193.75,"body":"one day, I take a look in the"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":188.56,"endTime":193.75,"body":"internet. And there everyone is"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":193.75,"endTime":197.77,"body":"talking about this fire in"},{"speaker":"Wojciech Wgrzyski","startTime":193.75,"endTime":197.77,"body":"Shanghai, I popped the video and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":197.77,"endTime":201.22,"body":"there's a vehicle"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":197.77,"endTime":201.22,"body":"standing, parked in the garage,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":201.67,"endTime":205.81,"body":"and nothing happens, nothing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":201.67,"endTime":205.81,"body":"happens and then boom, huge"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":205.87,"endTime":211.09,"body":"cloud of smoke jet fire emerging"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":205.87,"endTime":211.09,"body":"from the vehicle, quickly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":211.12,"endTime":215.11,"body":"obscuring the field of view of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":211.12,"endTime":215.11,"body":"the CCTV camera that was placed"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":215.11,"endTime":219.37,"body":"in the carpark. And I must say"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":215.11,"endTime":219.37,"body":"when I saw this video, I was"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":219.37,"endTime":222.91,"body":"truly shocked. It was something"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":219.37,"endTime":222.91,"body":"that that really struck me. I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":222.91,"endTime":228.85,"body":"remember that the same day, I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":222.91,"endTime":228.85,"body":"was texting to Professor Rein, I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":228.85,"endTime":233.26,"body":"told him this this car park fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":228.85,"endTime":233.26,"body":"was something from not not from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":233.26,"endTime":237.55,"body":"this world. Like I don't think"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":233.26,"endTime":237.55,"body":"our infrastructure is ready for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":237.55,"endTime":242.11,"body":"a threat that develops that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":237.55,"endTime":242.11,"body":"quickly as this fire and I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":242.11,"endTime":245.35,"body":"couldn't let it go. Because I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":242.11,"endTime":245.35,"body":"was working on the carpark"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":245.35,"endTime":250.06,"body":"project, on the same day, for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":245.35,"endTime":250.06,"body":"one of the skyscrapers in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":250.06,"endTime":253.48,"body":"Warsaw, I stopped the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":250.06,"endTime":253.48,"body":"calculations that I was doing."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":253.87,"endTime":258.28,"body":"I've quickly written the new"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":253.87,"endTime":258.28,"body":"heat release rate curve for my"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":258.31,"endTime":264.4,"body":"CFD in which I've just placed"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":258.31,"endTime":264.4,"body":"one megawatt of heat release"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":264.4,"endTime":268.39,"body":"rates to be released immediately"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":264.4,"endTime":268.39,"body":"after the start of my simulation"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":268.72,"endTime":272.62,"body":"to simulate very quickly growing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":268.72,"endTime":272.62,"body":"fire. Like an immediately"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":272.62,"endTime":276.25,"body":"growing fire. Just to see what"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":272.62,"endTime":276.25,"body":"will happen in that in that car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":276.25,"endTime":279.01,"body":"park that I was, that I was"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":276.25,"endTime":279.01,"body":"designing the smoke control"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":279.01,"endTime":283.66,"body":"systems for. And in the morning"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":279.01,"endTime":283.66,"body":"I wake up to see the results of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":283.66,"endTime":290.26,"body":"the CFD and they are absolutely"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":283.66,"endTime":290.26,"body":"dreadful. In my evacuation time,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":290.26,"endTime":294.37,"body":"in my first three, four minutes"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":290.26,"endTime":294.37,"body":"of the CFD, where I usually had"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":294.37,"endTime":298.48,"body":"my car park fairly free of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":294.37,"endTime":298.48,"body":"smoke, at least in a way that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":298.48,"endTime":302.32,"body":"would allow you to evacuate"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":298.48,"endTime":302.32,"body":"safely from the carpark...half"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":302.32,"endTime":305.14,"body":"of the carpark is filled with"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":302.32,"endTime":305.14,"body":"smoke. Which if using my"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":305.17,"endTime":309.43,"body":"standard design fire curve, I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":305.17,"endTime":309.43,"body":"never seen such a quick filling"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":309.43,"endTime":313.45,"body":"of over over carpark with smoke."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":309.43,"endTime":313.45,"body":"So while that was something that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":313.45,"endTime":317.71,"body":"that really struck me, then and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":313.45,"endTime":317.71,"body":"the next move was okay, so if"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":317.74,"endTime":323.32,"body":"this happened in my one"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":317.74,"endTime":323.32,"body":"simulation, I wonder what would"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":323.32,"endTime":327.34,"body":"be like a general outcome of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":323.32,"endTime":327.34,"body":"such a fire in a gneeric carpark"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":327.34,"endTime":331.45,"body":"(if you can call any carpark"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":327.34,"endTime":331.45,"body":"generic.) And yeah, that's how"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":331.45,"endTime":335.23,"body":"my research in in this in this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":331.45,"endTime":335.23,"body":"area started."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":336.43,"endTime":342.31,"body":"When I calmed myself a bit and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":336.43,"endTime":342.31,"body":"built some distance from this,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":342.82,"endTime":346.66,"body":"from this video from this fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":342.82,"endTime":346.66,"body":"in Shanghai, when I started"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":346.87,"endTime":350.92,"body":"learning to truly understand"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":346.87,"endTime":350.92,"body":"what's happening, I quickly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":350.92,"endTime":355.84,"body":"realized, to understand the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":350.92,"endTime":355.84,"body":"problem, we would have to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":355.84,"endTime":359.17,"body":"subdivide it into three separate"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":355.84,"endTime":359.17,"body":"aspects."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":359.21,"endTime":364.16,"body":"(1) The first aspect would be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":359.21,"endTime":364.16,"body":"the probability of the ignition"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":364.64,"endTime":369.44,"body":"of a battery inside the vehicle."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":364.64,"endTime":369.44,"body":"Because it's the battery pack"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":369.44,"endTime":373.61,"body":"fires that we are afraid of, it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":369.44,"endTime":373.61,"body":"is the battery where the jet"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":373.64,"endTime":376.34,"body":"flame emerges from, it is the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":373.64,"endTime":376.34,"body":"battery that creates the cloud"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":376.34,"endTime":380.81,"body":"of of toxic gas, not not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":376.34,"endTime":380.81,"body":"upholstery, not cables, not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":380.84,"endTime":385.01,"body":"tires, it's the battery. So in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":380.84,"endTime":385.01,"body":"fact, all the other elements are"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":385.01,"endTime":387.53,"body":"in classical vehicles, in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":385.01,"endTime":387.53,"body":"internal combustion engine"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":387.53,"endTime":390.44,"body":"vehicles. So if there is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":387.53,"endTime":390.44,"body":"something that differentiates"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":390.47,"endTime":394.22,"body":"between internal combustion"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":390.47,"endTime":394.22,"body":"engine vehicles and electric"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":394.22,"endTime":399.14,"body":"vehicles, then is the battery"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":394.22,"endTime":399.14,"body":"back and the powertrain. So if"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":399.17,"endTime":403.97,"body":"we want to understand if the if"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":399.17,"endTime":403.97,"body":"the cars, electric vehicles burn"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":404.27,"endTime":407.6,"body":"more often than classical"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":404.27,"endTime":407.6,"body":"vehicles, if there is an"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":407.6,"endTime":411.29,"body":"increase of the risk, and risk"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":407.6,"endTime":411.29,"body":"is inherently connected to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":411.29,"endTime":413.69,"body":"probability, we need to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":411.29,"endTime":413.69,"body":"understand the probability of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":413.69,"endTime":417.77,"body":"battery fires. And that's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":413.69,"endTime":417.77,"body":"something I still don't have a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":417.77,"endTime":421.43,"body":"perfect grasp on. I don't want"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":417.77,"endTime":421.43,"body":"to talk about that too much,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":421.43,"endTime":425.33,"body":"because I don't think I'm an"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":421.43,"endTime":425.33,"body":"expert in, in this field. The"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":425.33,"endTime":428.48,"body":"great thing is that I have a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":425.33,"endTime":428.48,"body":"podcast now. So I will bring"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":428.54,"endTime":433.67,"body":"proper experts to the subject"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":428.54,"endTime":433.67,"body":"of, of probabilities of battery"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":433.67,"endTime":438.53,"body":"fires and the chemistry of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":433.67,"endTime":438.53,"body":"battery and how the combustion"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":438.53,"endTime":442.16,"body":"of the battery the interior of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":438.53,"endTime":442.16,"body":"the battery pack goes on. I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":442.16,"endTime":445.01,"body":"already have a guest in mind,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":442.16,"endTime":445.01,"body":"and actually, they're already"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":445.01,"endTime":448.79,"body":"invited. So yeah, it's gonna be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":445.01,"endTime":448.79,"body":"a great episode in the near"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":448.79,"endTime":454.1,"body":"future. However, today, the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":448.79,"endTime":454.1,"body":"probability is not something I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":454.1,"endTime":457.34,"body":"can really give you a big"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":454.1,"endTime":457.34,"body":"insight on."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":457.03,"endTime":461.41,"body":"(2) The second aspect that we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":457.03,"endTime":461.41,"body":"have to understand besides the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":461.41,"endTime":466.69,"body":"probability is how does fire of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":461.41,"endTime":466.69,"body":"battery propagate? How does it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":466.69,"endTime":471.49,"body":"develop? What is the course of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":466.69,"endTime":471.49,"body":"the battery fire, because if you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":472.18,"endTime":476.65,"body":"take a look at the classical"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":472.18,"endTime":476.65,"body":"vehicle, I always said (and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":476.68,"endTime":482.08,"body":"that's based on my analysis of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":476.68,"endTime":482.08,"body":"many, many fire experiments on"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":482.08,"endTime":486.19,"body":"full scale vehicles, in various"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":482.08,"endTime":486.19,"body":"laboratories in the world) the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":486.19,"endTime":490.15,"body":"fire of a vehicle goes through"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":486.19,"endTime":490.15,"body":"phases. And these phases are"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":490.15,"endTime":494.62,"body":"related to the say, geometry or"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":490.15,"endTime":494.62,"body":"the architecture of the vehicle."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":495.01,"endTime":498.37,"body":"I mean, you can have a fire in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":495.01,"endTime":498.37,"body":"the compartment of engine. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":498.76,"endTime":502.54,"body":"these fires do not tend to be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":498.76,"endTime":502.54,"body":"extremely large, because there's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":502.54,"endTime":507.1,"body":"more mostly cables, oils, and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":502.54,"endTime":507.1,"body":"things like that burning, you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":507.1,"endTime":509.77,"body":"can have the fires of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":507.1,"endTime":509.77,"body":"upholstered interior of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":509.77,"endTime":513.55,"body":"vehicle. And these fires can be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":509.77,"endTime":513.55,"body":"very big. But to create such a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":513.55,"endTime":516.4,"body":"fire, you need ventilation. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":513.55,"endTime":516.4,"body":"you need to get rid of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":516.4,"endTime":520.33,"body":"windows of the vehicle. And if"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":516.4,"endTime":520.33,"body":"you take a deep look into the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":520.33,"endTime":523.51,"body":"fire tests carried in vehicles,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":520.33,"endTime":523.51,"body":"you will see that many of these"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":523.51,"endTime":528.73,"body":"tests had windows a little bit"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":523.51,"endTime":528.73,"body":"shut down to promote some"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":528.76,"endTime":532.33,"body":"entrainment in vehicle. Because"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":528.76,"endTime":532.33,"body":"otherwise, it's difficult to set"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":532.33,"endTime":534.67,"body":"it on fire if it's completely"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":532.33,"endTime":534.67,"body":"sealed from from from the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":534.67,"endTime":537.76,"body":"outside. And the third thing is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":534.67,"endTime":537.76,"body":"the fuel. I mean, the the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":537.76,"endTime":540.82,"body":"vehicle carries like 50 - 60"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":537.76,"endTime":540.82,"body":"liters, or well, actually based"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":540.82,"endTime":544.21,"body":"on my podcast demographics,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":540.82,"endTime":544.21,"body":"maybe I should say 20 gallons of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":544.24,"endTime":547.87,"body":"gasoline or diesel inside,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":544.24,"endTime":547.87,"body":"because that's the thing that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":547.87,"endTime":551.32,"body":"powers it. So it's all"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":547.87,"endTime":551.32,"body":"conveniently placed in one"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":551.32,"endTime":555.07,"body":"space, which we call the fuel"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":551.32,"endTime":555.07,"body":"tank. And if there is a failure"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":555.07,"endTime":559.21,"body":"of the fuel tank and this, this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":555.07,"endTime":559.21,"body":"fuel is allowed to spill, then"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":559.21,"endTime":564.01,"body":"you will have a very quickly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":559.21,"endTime":564.01,"body":"growing very large fire. So the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":564.1,"endTime":568.21,"body":"growth of the fire in a vehicle"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":564.1,"endTime":568.21,"body":"is not just a function of time,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":568.21,"endTime":571.03,"body":"it's not alpha t squared"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":568.21,"endTime":571.03,"body":"correlation. Maybe it is for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":571.03,"endTime":574.21,"body":"some parts of the vehicle, but"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":571.03,"endTime":574.21,"body":"not for the whole course of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":574.21,"endTime":578.59,"body":"fire. And the way how the fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":574.21,"endTime":578.59,"body":"will grow will depend on these"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":579.1,"endTime":582.55,"body":"events that happen during the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":579.1,"endTime":582.55,"body":"fire, if windows break if you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":582.55,"endTime":586.81,"body":"break the fuel tank, if the fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":582.55,"endTime":586.81,"body":"can penetrate from engine"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":586.81,"endTime":591.01,"body":"compartments into the interior"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":586.81,"endTime":591.01,"body":"of the of the vehicle, these"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":591.01,"endTime":596.53,"body":"evenys will will drive the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":591.01,"endTime":596.53,"body":"growth of the fire. And now we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":596.56,"endTime":600.04,"body":"more or less have this sorted"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":596.56,"endTime":600.04,"body":"out in the form of the design"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":600.04,"endTime":604.66,"body":"fires for car parks. Which"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":600.04,"endTime":604.66,"body":"includes different phases of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":604.66,"endTime":607.99,"body":"growth of the fire, which"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":604.66,"endTime":607.99,"body":"include this, this different"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":608.11,"endTime":612.82,"body":"events hidden behind the heat"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":608.11,"endTime":612.82,"body":"release evolution within time."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":613.24,"endTime":617.26,"body":"And then you have electric"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":613.24,"endTime":617.26,"body":"vehicle, which in which the fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":617.26,"endTime":619.99,"body":"of the battery can go through a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":617.26,"endTime":619.99,"body":"completely different course than"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":620.02,"endTime":624.46,"body":"what we know so far about"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":620.02,"endTime":624.46,"body":"vehicle fires. And that was why"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":624.46,"endTime":628.09,"body":"I brought Roeland last week,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":624.46,"endTime":628.09,"body":"because he's the guy who knows"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":628.09,"endTime":633.04,"body":"how it looks. And he was kind"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":628.09,"endTime":633.04,"body":"enough to share a lot of insider"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":633.04,"endTime":637.78,"body":"knowledge on on how these fires"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":633.04,"endTime":637.78,"body":"progress, how these fires look,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":637.81,"endTime":642.19,"body":"what they produce, and also how"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":637.81,"endTime":642.19,"body":"they can spread between vehicles"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":642.19,"endTime":648.34,"body":"and what is the conditions to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":642.19,"endTime":648.34,"body":"ignite the next car next battery"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":648.61,"endTime":650.98,"body":"back, because it's also"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":648.61,"endTime":650.98,"body":"something that will determine"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":650.98,"endTime":656.83,"body":"the growth of the fire in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":650.98,"endTime":656.83,"body":"carpark like globally. So the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":656.83,"endTime":660.13,"body":"first aspect probability, how"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":656.83,"endTime":660.13,"body":"often will they ignite? The"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":660.13,"endTime":665.41,"body":"second aspect? How will the fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":660.13,"endTime":665.41,"body":"develop? And will it be much"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":665.41,"endTime":667.51,"body":"different from the internal"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":665.41,"endTime":667.51,"body":"combustion engine vehicles"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":667.51,"endTime":670.15,"body":"fires. So so that was the aspect"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":667.51,"endTime":670.15,"body":"number two."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":670.03,"endTime":674.26,"body":"(3) And aspect number three, the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":670.03,"endTime":674.26,"body":"one I feel I even competent"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":674.26,"endTime":679.18,"body":"enough to talk about is the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":674.26,"endTime":679.18,"body":"consequences of such fires. If"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":679.18,"endTime":682.84,"body":"we make some assumptions like if"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":679.18,"endTime":682.84,"body":"the fire in Shanghai happened,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":682.9,"endTime":686.62,"body":"it means they can happen. I'm"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":682.9,"endTime":686.62,"body":"not sure what probability of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":686.65,"endTime":690.88,"body":"such a fire to happen is. Or if"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":686.65,"endTime":690.88,"body":"it's even possible that this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":690.88,"endTime":693.52,"body":"fire happens again, because"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":690.88,"endTime":693.52,"body":"maybe there were some"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":694.3,"endTime":696.64,"body":"improvements in the battery"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":694.3,"endTime":696.64,"body":"technology that prevents such a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":696.67,"endTime":700.21,"body":"such a cascading failure of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":696.67,"endTime":700.21,"body":"battery anymore. But I don't"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":700.21,"endTime":703.39,"body":"know that now. So I must assume"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":700.21,"endTime":703.39,"body":"that if it happened once it can"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":703.39,"endTime":708.19,"body":"happen again. So for me, I do"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":703.39,"endTime":708.19,"body":"not really care that much about"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":708.19,"endTime":711.61,"body":"probability, I assumed that the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":708.19,"endTime":711.61,"body":"fire like this will happen"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":711.61,"endTime":715.66,"body":"again. And I want to solve that."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":711.61,"endTime":715.66,"body":"So that's that simple assumption"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":715.66,"endTime":719.14,"body":"solves my issue of not knowing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":715.66,"endTime":719.14,"body":"the probability of such a fire."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":719.53,"endTime":723.94,"body":"In terms of development, Roeland"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":719.53,"endTime":723.94,"body":"said that there are different"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":723.94,"endTime":730.0,"body":"cases that the fire of a battery"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":723.94,"endTime":730.0,"body":"can grow. It can be a very rapid"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":730.0,"endTime":733.0,"body":"development, like you've seen in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":730.0,"endTime":733.0,"body":"Shanghai. However, Roeland"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":733.0,"endTime":737.5,"body":"mentioned it was something like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":733.0,"endTime":737.5,"body":"very extraordinary, not, not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":737.5,"endTime":740.29,"body":"something they see every every"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":737.5,"endTime":740.29,"body":"time they burn the battery in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":740.29,"endTime":743.5,"body":"the lab, that that is kind of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":740.29,"endTime":743.5,"body":"reassuring. But it's also"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":743.5,"endTime":748.36,"body":"possible that the fire grows for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":743.5,"endTime":748.36,"body":"a very long time hidden away and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":749.23,"endTime":753.52,"body":"concealed somewhere underneath"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":749.23,"endTime":753.52,"body":"the vehicle, and then just in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":753.52,"endTime":756.49,"body":"few seconds grows from very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":753.52,"endTime":756.49,"body":"small to very large. And this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":756.49,"endTime":760.33,"body":"incubation period can can last"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":756.49,"endTime":760.33,"body":"10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":760.33,"endTime":764.92,"body":"minutes, we have no idea. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":760.33,"endTime":764.92,"body":"yeah, from my perspective, for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":764.92,"endTime":768.64,"body":"me, the absolutely worst"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":764.92,"endTime":768.64,"body":"scenario is one in which the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":768.64,"endTime":772.0,"body":"fire is concealed without being"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":768.64,"endTime":772.0,"body":"detected by the building for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":772.0,"endTime":775.45,"body":"long enough to get into the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":772.0,"endTime":775.45,"body":"cascading phase, where it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":775.45,"endTime":780.04,"body":"suddenly grows into very large"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":775.45,"endTime":780.04,"body":"size. And that's what I've"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":780.04,"endTime":783.94,"body":"called, for my purposes, a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":780.04,"endTime":783.94,"body":"rapidly growing fire, a fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":783.94,"endTime":788.29,"body":"that was concealed for a long"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":783.94,"endTime":788.29,"body":"time. And then from the moment,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":788.62,"endTime":792.88,"body":"it starts to give cues outside"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":788.62,"endTime":792.88,"body":"of the vehicle, from the moment"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":792.88,"endTime":796.96,"body":"you can spot there's a fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":792.88,"endTime":796.96,"body":"going to the moment when the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":796.96,"endTime":801.88,"body":"fire size is a relatively large"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":796.96,"endTime":801.88,"body":"period of time between these two"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":801.88,"endTime":805.42,"body":"events is very short. And from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":801.88,"endTime":805.42,"body":"our perspective, from the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":805.42,"endTime":808.6,"body":"building perspective, because we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":805.42,"endTime":808.6,"body":"had no idea that fire wasn't"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":808.6,"endTime":812.47,"body":"going from the first cue to the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":808.6,"endTime":812.47,"body":"moment in time where it's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":812.5,"endTime":816.58,"body":"dangerous, it's a very short"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":812.5,"endTime":816.58,"body":"period of time. And that's what"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":816.58,"endTime":822.13,"body":"I call the rapid growth. And,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":816.58,"endTime":822.13,"body":"yeah, this is something that my"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":822.13,"endTime":826.3,"body":"opinion would distinguish the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":822.13,"endTime":826.3,"body":"electric vehicle fires from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":826.87,"endTime":830.53,"body":"internal combustion engine"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":826.87,"endTime":830.53,"body":"vehicle fires, minus the fires"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":830.56,"endTime":834.88,"body":"in which you have a very early"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":830.56,"endTime":834.88,"body":"rupture of the fuel tank. That's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":834.88,"endTime":837.82,"body":"also something to consider"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":834.88,"endTime":837.82,"body":"because if if there is a very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":837.82,"endTime":841.84,"body":"early rupture of the fuel tank,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":837.82,"endTime":841.84,"body":"like Roeland forced in his"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":841.84,"endTime":847.0,"body":"experiment, which he explained"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":841.84,"endTime":847.0,"body":"in in Episode Five, they've"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":847.0,"endTime":852.73,"body":"placed a pan of fuel underneath"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":847.0,"endTime":852.73,"body":"the tank, which was made of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":852.73,"endTime":856.66,"body":"plastic. So there was a quick"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":852.73,"endTime":856.66,"body":"failure of of the fuel tank,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":856.9,"endTime":860.89,"body":"which led to a spill of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":856.9,"endTime":860.89,"body":"gasoline and created the pool"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":860.89,"endTime":864.58,"body":"fire underneath the vehicle. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":860.89,"endTime":864.58,"body":"that's a that's also an example"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":864.58,"endTime":867.79,"body":"of extremely rapid growth of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":864.58,"endTime":867.79,"body":"fire that you don't normally"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":867.79,"endTime":871.12,"body":"see. So here we are."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":872.53,"endTime":877.24,"body":"If we would like to understand"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":872.53,"endTime":877.24,"body":"what would be the consequences"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":877.27,"endTime":883.12,"body":"of, let's say electric vehicle,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":877.27,"endTime":883.12,"body":"fires in car parks. The biggest"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":883.12,"endTime":886.33,"body":"difference are the ones that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":883.12,"endTime":886.33,"body":"will grow rapidly to heat"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":886.33,"endTime":891.07,"body":"release rate that's immediately"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":886.33,"endTime":891.07,"body":"dangerous. Now, the big question"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":891.07,"endTime":894.91,"body":"is, what would be that heat"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":891.07,"endTime":894.91,"body":"release rate and how can we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":894.91,"endTime":900.13,"body":"actually solve this fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":894.91,"endTime":900.13,"body":"dynamics and while that was"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":900.13,"endTime":904.96,"body":"quite a journey to get into"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":900.13,"endTime":904.96,"body":"that, I cannot say that we have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":904.96,"endTime":909.19,"body":"solved the issue because we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":904.96,"endTime":909.19,"body":"don't have a good answer of what"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":909.22,"endTime":913.3,"body":"is the heat release rate of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":909.22,"endTime":913.3,"body":"electric vehicle firing an early"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":913.3,"endTime":917.5,"body":"phase, when it's going into it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":913.3,"endTime":917.5,"body":"through our rapid development."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":918.28,"endTime":922.51,"body":"So in order to be able to do see"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":918.28,"endTime":922.51,"body":"the calculations of carpark"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":922.51,"endTime":926.26,"body":"fires, including this electric"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":922.51,"endTime":926.26,"body":"vehicles, we have to assume"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":926.26,"endTime":926.71,"body":"something."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":926.81,"endTime":933.17,"body":"So we've created this six"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":926.81,"endTime":933.17,"body":"artificial fires, six design"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":933.17,"endTime":937.07,"body":"fires for our needs, we've"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":933.17,"endTime":937.07,"body":"assumed they will grow from zero"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":937.07,"endTime":939.95,"body":"to a certain value of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":937.07,"endTime":939.95,"body":"heatrelease rate within 30"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":939.95,"endTime":945.11,"body":"seconds linearly, and then"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":939.95,"endTime":945.11,"body":"remain flat at that value of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":945.11,"endTime":948.71,"body":"heat release rate. And the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":945.11,"endTime":948.71,"body":"values were from 250 kilowatts"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":948.74,"endTime":952.79,"body":"to one and a half megawatts,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":948.74,"endTime":952.79,"body":"were with 250 kilowatt"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":952.82,"endTime":958.4,"body":"increments. And this, this gave"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":952.82,"endTime":958.4,"body":"us six design fires varying with"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":958.7,"endTime":959.36,"body":"the size."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":960.71,"endTime":965.57,"body":"And yet today, I'm not able to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":960.71,"endTime":965.57,"body":"tell you which one represents"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":965.6,"endTime":972.02,"body":"the electric vehicle fire the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":965.6,"endTime":972.02,"body":"best. But however, I can go from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":972.02,"endTime":977.24,"body":"the other side, if you would"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":972.02,"endTime":977.24,"body":"take a classical design curve"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":977.24,"endTime":981.53,"body":"for carparks. Like the one that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":977.24,"endTime":981.53,"body":"we commonly using in Europe,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":981.53,"endTime":985.58,"body":"which is called the TNO design"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":981.53,"endTime":985.58,"body":"curve. That's based on"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":985.58,"endTime":990.95,"body":"experiments in in, in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":985.58,"endTime":990.95,"body":"Netherlands from the 1999. This"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":990.95,"endTime":995.96,"body":"design curve, I really like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":990.95,"endTime":995.96,"body":"working with that one because it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":995.96,"endTime":1001.24,"body":"has very nice plateau at low"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":995.96,"endTime":1001.24,"body":"heat release rate that simulates"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1001.24,"endTime":1006.49,"body":"the, let's say, medium sized"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1001.24,"endTime":1006.49,"body":"vehicle fire. And it takes like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1006.49,"endTime":1009.55,"body":"nine minutes for this fire to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1006.49,"endTime":1009.55,"body":"start growing into very large"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1009.55,"endTime":1013.54,"body":"fire. So I have this part of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1009.55,"endTime":1013.54,"body":"curve that for me represents the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1013.81,"endTime":1016.96,"body":"conditions that I will have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1013.81,"endTime":1016.96,"body":"while evacuating people from the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1016.96,"endTime":1021.28,"body":"carpark and then the fire grows"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1016.96,"endTime":1021.28,"body":"through to large size, which in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1021.28,"endTime":1024.31,"body":"a way simulates the conditions"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1021.28,"endTime":1024.31,"body":"that firefighters would met when"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1024.31,"endTime":1027.07,"body":"they enter the carpark. So for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1024.31,"endTime":1027.07,"body":"me that's a complete package,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1027.07,"endTime":1030.07,"body":"because in one simulation with"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1027.07,"endTime":1030.07,"body":"this transient development of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1030.07,"endTime":1035.14,"body":"the fire, I can I can have both"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1030.07,"endTime":1035.14,"body":"our evacuation response and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1035.14,"endTime":1036.37,"body":"firefighters entrance."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1037.56,"endTime":1042.66,"body":"This curve, it goes from zero to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1037.56,"endTime":1042.66,"body":"1.4 megawatts within four"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1042.66,"endTime":1048.48,"body":"minutes. It's linear growth. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1042.66,"endTime":1048.48,"body":"when we do our our design"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1048.48,"endTime":1053.58,"body":"curves, this six rapidly growing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1048.48,"endTime":1053.58,"body":"fire curves that I've mentioned,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1054.9,"endTime":1059.46,"body":"this curves if you take the 750"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1054.9,"endTime":1059.46,"body":"kilowatt one. And if you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1060.15,"endTime":1063.54,"body":"calculate the total energy"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1060.15,"endTime":1063.54,"body":"released within the first four"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1063.54,"endTime":1067.32,"body":"minutes of that curve, it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1063.54,"endTime":1067.32,"body":"actually matches the release"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1067.32,"endTime":1071.22,"body":"from the TNO curve, and it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1067.32,"endTime":1071.22,"body":"actually quite well matches the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1071.22,"endTime":1075.0,"body":"release the total release from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1071.22,"endTime":1075.0,"body":"alpha t squared fire with the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1075.0,"endTime":1081.72,"body":"fast coefficient. So in a way,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1075.0,"endTime":1081.72,"body":"the 750 kilowatt hour curve is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1081.72,"endTime":1086.7,"body":"releasing the same amount of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1081.72,"endTime":1086.7,"body":"smoke and heat as we would have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1086.7,"endTime":1092.04,"body":"in a classical design fire. It"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1086.7,"endTime":1092.04,"body":"just does it quicker and with"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1092.04,"endTime":1096.84,"body":"the lower peak value. So I hope"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1092.04,"endTime":1096.84,"body":"you follow me...I'll try to drop"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1096.84,"endTime":1103.29,"body":"a link to my paper in in FPE"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1096.84,"endTime":1103.29,"body":"extra that I've written like a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1103.29,"endTime":1108.39,"body":"month ago, and there's the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1103.29,"endTime":1108.39,"body":"curves are illustrated in it. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1108.57,"endTime":1111.99,"body":"that's going to be much easier"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1108.57,"endTime":1111.99,"body":"than trying to follow the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1111.99,"endTime":1113.82,"body":"numbers from coming from my"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1111.99,"endTime":1113.82,"body":"head."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1114.9,"endTime":1118.53,"body":"Anyway, we've defined this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1114.9,"endTime":1118.53,"body":"expires and we had this TNO"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1118.53,"endTime":1122.94,"body":"curve, we had the alpha t"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1118.53,"endTime":1122.94,"body":"squared curve. So we decided we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1122.94,"endTime":1126.6,"body":"want to check what will be the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1122.94,"endTime":1126.6,"body":"consequences of a fire in a car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1126.6,"endTime":1130.44,"body":"park in a rapidly growing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1126.6,"endTime":1130.44,"body":"scenario versus an usual"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1130.44,"endTime":1131.04,"body":"scenario."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1132.18,"endTime":1135.48,"body":"Of course, you need to define"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1132.18,"endTime":1135.48,"body":"some goals of such analysis"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1135.54,"endTime":1139.44,"body":"analysis because it's it's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1135.54,"endTime":1139.44,"body":"pointless to just look at"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1139.44,"endTime":1142.44,"body":"temperatures or some other"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1139.44,"endTime":1142.44,"body":"measurements. So we've defined"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1142.44,"endTime":1147.93,"body":"some aspects that we want to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1142.44,"endTime":1147.93,"body":"learn from this analysis, this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1147.93,"endTime":1152.46,"body":"numerical analysis that we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1147.93,"endTime":1152.46,"body":"performed. First, we wanted to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1152.55,"endTime":1157.02,"body":"quantify if the heat feedback"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1152.55,"endTime":1157.02,"body":"from the upper layer of smoke in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1157.02,"endTime":1161.94,"body":"this car park can promote a very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1157.02,"endTime":1161.94,"body":"quick growth of the fire in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1161.94,"endTime":1165.24,"body":"carpark that's something you can"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1161.94,"endTime":1165.24,"body":"actually calculate and you can"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1165.24,"endTime":1168.99,"body":"see if what's what's your heat"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1165.24,"endTime":1168.99,"body":"flux radiated from the smoke to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1168.99,"endTime":1174.87,"body":"the target that goes around the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1168.99,"endTime":1174.87,"body":"one that's your source. And when"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1174.87,"endTime":1180.15,"body":"you have that you can pretty"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1174.87,"endTime":1180.15,"body":"well guess if the fire would"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1180.39,"endTime":1184.62,"body":"spread very quickly or not."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1180.39,"endTime":1184.62,"body":"We're actually advancing this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1185.64,"endTime":1188.25,"body":"this particular part of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1185.64,"endTime":1188.25,"body":"research into a separate"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1188.25,"endTime":1193.44,"body":"research item, where we will"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1188.25,"endTime":1193.44,"body":"implement the methods developed"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1193.44,"endTime":1199.77,"body":"by Mohd Tohir with with Mike"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1193.44,"endTime":1199.77,"body":"Spearpoint where they analyzed"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1199.8,"endTime":1204.21,"body":"the total, let's say thermal"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1199.8,"endTime":1204.21,"body":"dose that needs to be applied to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1204.21,"endTime":1207.81,"body":"a vehicle. They they've call it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1204.21,"endTime":1207.81,"body":"the flux time product, the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1207.81,"endTime":1211.56,"body":"amount of energy that needs to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1207.81,"endTime":1211.56,"body":"be submitted to a vehicle at a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1211.56,"endTime":1215.67,"body":"critical radiance that will"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1211.56,"endTime":1215.67,"body":"cause an ignition of a bumper"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1215.67,"endTime":1220.62,"body":"trim or tires or any elements of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1215.67,"endTime":1220.62,"body":"the vehicle that can be quickly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1220.62,"endTime":1224.82,"body":"ignited. So yeah, that's for the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1220.62,"endTime":1224.82,"body":"future. But for now, for this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1224.82,"endTime":1228.09,"body":"preliminary analysis, we wanted"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1224.82,"endTime":1228.09,"body":"to see what will be general"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1228.15,"endTime":1230.22,"body":"consequences of the fire in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1228.15,"endTime":1230.22,"body":"carpark in terms of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1230.22,"endTime":1230.88,"body":"temperatures."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1232.13,"endTime":1234.53,"body":"We wanted to see if occupants"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1232.13,"endTime":1234.53,"body":"will be able to escape the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1234.53,"endTime":1238.25,"body":"carpark. So we were looking at"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1234.53,"endTime":1238.25,"body":"the first three to four minutes"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1238.25,"endTime":1242.6,"body":"of the simulations to see what"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1238.25,"endTime":1242.6,"body":"conditions inside the carpark we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1242.6,"endTime":1246.41,"body":"have, when we put the rapidly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1242.6,"endTime":1246.41,"body":"growing fires in them and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1246.56,"endTime":1251.18,"body":"traditional design fires in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1246.56,"endTime":1251.18,"body":"them. Then we also wanted to see"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1251.18,"endTime":1255.32,"body":"what would be the conditions"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1251.18,"endTime":1255.32,"body":"after let's say 10 to 15 minutes"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1255.38,"endTime":1262.46,"body":"when the firefighters would"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1255.38,"endTime":1262.46,"body":"access the carpark. So that's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1262.46,"endTime":1266.18,"body":"also part of the investigation"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1262.46,"endTime":1266.18,"body":"because we want not only want to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1266.27,"endTime":1269.36,"body":"get the occupants out of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1266.27,"endTime":1269.36,"body":"building, but we also want the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1269.66,"endTime":1273.38,"body":"firefighters in the building. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1269.66,"endTime":1273.38,"body":"and I think it's quite important"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1273.38,"endTime":1277.22,"body":"when your car park is a part of,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1273.38,"endTime":1277.22,"body":"let's say a larger residential"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1277.22,"endTime":1281.48,"body":"building, for example, like like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1277.22,"endTime":1281.48,"body":"we commonly have in Poland. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1281.51,"endTime":1284.24,"body":"yeah, this were the goal is to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1281.51,"endTime":1284.24,"body":"check whether it will be like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1284.24,"endTime":1288.05,"body":"the total damage by the vehicle"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1284.24,"endTime":1288.05,"body":"to the carpark and will it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1288.05,"endTime":1291.95,"body":"spread or not? That's this thing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1288.05,"endTime":1291.95,"body":"number one, will occupants be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1291.95,"endTime":1294.44,"body":"able to escape? That's the thing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1291.95,"endTime":1294.44,"body":"number two, and will"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1294.44,"endTime":1297.38,"body":"firefighters be able to access"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1294.44,"endTime":1297.38,"body":"the carpark that's the thing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1297.38,"endTime":1299.3,"body":"number three, and now the study"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1297.38,"endTime":1299.3,"body":"itself."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1300.32,"endTime":1302.99,"body":"Now as I mentioned, we had six"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1300.32,"endTime":1302.99,"body":"design fires for the rapidly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1302.99,"endTime":1306.08,"body":"growing scenarios, we had them"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1302.99,"endTime":1306.08,"body":"do you know design fire, we had"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1306.08,"endTime":1309.5,"body":"an alpha t squared, some design"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1306.08,"endTime":1309.5,"body":"fire, we also played a bit with"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1309.5,"endTime":1313.97,"body":"the car park, we have tested"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1309.5,"endTime":1313.97,"body":"five different heights of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1313.97,"endTime":1321.38,"body":"car park. So they've ranged from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1313.97,"endTime":1321.38,"body":"2.4 meter up to 3.6 meter with"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1321.68,"endTime":1326.15,"body":"0.3 m increments. So yeah,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1321.68,"endTime":1326.15,"body":"height was very important in our"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1326.15,"endTime":1329.72,"body":"analysis, because from our"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1326.15,"endTime":1329.72,"body":"previous studies, we have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1329.72,"endTime":1332.75,"body":"already understood the impact"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1329.72,"endTime":1332.75,"body":"the height has on the carpark"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1333.17,"endTime":1334.31,"body":"smoke control systems."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1335.86,"endTime":1338.83,"body":"Talking about smoke control"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1335.86,"endTime":1338.83,"body":"systems, we've also placed a lot"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1338.83,"endTime":1342.82,"body":"of systems inside the car parks"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1338.83,"endTime":1342.82,"body":"that we are modeling. We've used"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1343.6,"endTime":1348.76,"body":"duct systems that there's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1343.6,"endTime":1348.76,"body":"basically a bunch of ducts"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1348.85,"endTime":1352.63,"body":"distributed underneath the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1348.85,"endTime":1352.63,"body":"ceiling with exhaust exhaust"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1352.63,"endTime":1356.77,"body":"points on top of them, which are"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1352.63,"endTime":1356.77,"body":"used to remove the smoke from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1356.77,"endTime":1360.13,"body":"the upper smoke layer. And we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1356.77,"endTime":1360.13,"body":"have three types of such a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1360.13,"endTime":1365.71,"body":"system. We have also used jetfan"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1360.13,"endTime":1365.71,"body":"systems, a system that uses"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1366.04,"endTime":1370.06,"body":"impulse ventilators to push the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1366.04,"endTime":1370.06,"body":"smoke in one direction in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1370.06,"endTime":1374.05,"body":"car work to make sure that one"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1370.06,"endTime":1374.05,"body":"side of the carpark is free of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1374.05,"endTime":1377.68,"body":"smoke and all this smoke is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1374.05,"endTime":1377.68,"body":"transferred horizontally through"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1377.68,"endTime":1381.49,"body":"the carpark into an exhaust"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1377.68,"endTime":1381.49,"body":"point at one of the walls of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1381.49,"endTime":1385.87,"body":"carpark. So we've tested if I'm"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1381.49,"endTime":1385.87,"body":"not wrong five types of such"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1385.87,"endTime":1388.87,"body":"system, we've also had one of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1385.87,"endTime":1388.87,"body":"the carpark with no"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1388.87,"endTime":1394.24,"body":"installations at all. So yeah,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1388.87,"endTime":1394.24,"body":"that's the variables related to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1394.24,"endTime":1400.84,"body":"the smoke control. And overall,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1394.24,"endTime":1400.84,"body":"it was all something like 480"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1400.84,"endTime":1405.49,"body":"CFD simulations to be done. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1400.84,"endTime":1405.49,"body":"that that's, that's quite a lot"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1405.49,"endTime":1408.64,"body":"of CFD simulations. To be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1405.49,"endTime":1408.64,"body":"honest, I think for the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1408.64,"endTime":1412.66,"body":"particular part related to the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1408.64,"endTime":1412.66,"body":"rapidly growing fires, it was"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1412.66,"endTime":1416.14,"body":"something like 360 that were"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1412.66,"endTime":1416.14,"body":"relevant to this part of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1416.14,"endTime":1416.59,"body":"study."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1418.87,"endTime":1423.52,"body":"Because the project was such"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1418.87,"endTime":1423.52,"body":"huge in terms of the amount of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1423.52,"endTime":1429.13,"body":"CFD that was performed, it's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1423.52,"endTime":1429.13,"body":"like literally impossible to run"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1429.85,"endTime":1436.66,"body":"a 480 CFDs on your own and just"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1429.85,"endTime":1436.66,"body":"know, define them by hand. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1437.05,"endTime":1442.24,"body":"we've invested quite a lot of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1437.05,"endTime":1442.24,"body":"time to, to develop some code"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1442.27,"endTime":1447.25,"body":"that would write the model for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1442.27,"endTime":1447.25,"body":"us. We've used FDS solver, which"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1447.64,"endTime":1452.2,"body":"is fantastic for this type of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1447.64,"endTime":1452.2,"body":"parametric studies, because you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1452.2,"endTime":1458.65,"body":"programme the model in lines of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1452.2,"endTime":1458.65,"body":"code. So we've written a script"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1458.68,"endTime":1462.76,"body":"that created the FDS code. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1458.68,"endTime":1462.76,"body":"we just supplied it with the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1462.76,"endTime":1466.6,"body":"parameters of the car park that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1462.76,"endTime":1466.6,"body":"we wanted as a result, which"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1466.6,"endTime":1470.62,"body":"were the heights, the type of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1466.6,"endTime":1470.62,"body":"systems and the type of fire and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1470.62,"endTime":1473.89,"body":"the horizontal dimensions, which"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1470.62,"endTime":1473.89,"body":"if I'm not wrong, they were like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1473.92,"endTime":1478.24,"body":"60 by 40 meters. And then the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1473.92,"endTime":1478.24,"body":"computer created all the case"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1478.24,"endTime":1481.21,"body":"files necessary to run the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1478.24,"endTime":1481.21,"body":"cases."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1482.62,"endTime":1486.1,"body":"The same script did also"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1482.62,"endTime":1486.1,"body":"actually prepare everything we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1486.1,"endTime":1490.45,"body":"needed for the for the CFD"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1486.1,"endTime":1490.45,"body":"study, it was sending the cases"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1490.45,"endTime":1494.56,"body":"to the supercomputer that we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1490.45,"endTime":1494.56,"body":"have in the office. It was"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1495.07,"endTime":1498.34,"body":"managing the simulations so when"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1495.07,"endTime":1498.34,"body":"one ended it was starting the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1498.34,"endTime":1504.13,"body":"next one. It was making sure"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1498.34,"endTime":1504.13,"body":"that the usage of the CPUs is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1504.13,"endTime":1509.08,"body":"optimal, and stuff like that. In"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1504.13,"endTime":1509.08,"body":"the end, it took something like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1509.08,"endTime":1515.44,"body":"78,000 computer hours, or CPU"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1509.08,"endTime":1515.44,"body":"hours to calculate all of it."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1555.16,"endTime":1558.64,"body":"We've also forced the computer"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1555.16,"endTime":1558.64,"body":"to analyze the results for us,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1559.15,"endTime":1562.99,"body":"in terms of create the plots of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1559.15,"endTime":1562.99,"body":"visibility, create animations,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1562.99,"endTime":1567.07,"body":"create all the data necessary to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1562.99,"endTime":1567.07,"body":"understand the results of our"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1567.07,"endTime":1571.36,"body":"CFD, because if I wanted to,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1567.07,"endTime":1571.36,"body":"like take a look at every single"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1571.36,"endTime":1577.12,"body":"simulation out of the 480 of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1571.36,"endTime":1577.12,"body":"them, and if I spent like 10"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1577.12,"endTime":1580.48,"body":"minutes on each of them, it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1577.12,"endTime":1580.48,"body":"would be more than like 80 hours"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1580.48,"endTime":1583.69,"body":"of analyzing the results, which"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1580.48,"endTime":1583.69,"body":"is like something like two weeks"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1583.69,"endTime":1589.42,"body":"of work, which I really don't"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1583.69,"endTime":1589.42,"body":"want to do. So yeah, we got, we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1589.42,"endTime":1592.24,"body":"went easy. More than that. We"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1589.42,"endTime":1592.24,"body":"got the data pre processed for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1592.24,"endTime":1596.53,"body":"us, which is very convenient."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1592.24,"endTime":1596.53,"body":"And then we we've jumped into"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1596.77,"endTime":1602.32,"body":"analyzing learning and making"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1596.77,"endTime":1602.32,"body":"conclusions. So yeah, finally,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1602.32,"endTime":1605.5,"body":"we're here. So what's the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1602.32,"endTime":1605.5,"body":"conclusions of our rapidly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1605.5,"endTime":1606.61,"body":"growing fire study?"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1608.32,"endTime":1614.23,"body":"The first thing we have noticed,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1608.32,"endTime":1614.23,"body":"and it was really obvious and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1614.23,"endTime":1619.54,"body":"powerful at the same time, was"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1614.23,"endTime":1619.54,"body":"that the single most impactful"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1619.54,"endTime":1623.38,"body":"variable determining the safety"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1619.54,"endTime":1623.38,"body":"of the car parks in our study"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1623.38,"endTime":1629.05,"body":"was the height of the carpark."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1623.38,"endTime":1629.05,"body":"And I will be honest with you,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1629.05,"endTime":1634.72,"body":"for the lowest high carparks"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1629.05,"endTime":1634.72,"body":"like 2.4 meter, we have not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1634.81,"endTime":1639.19,"body":"observed tenable outcomes within"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1634.81,"endTime":1639.19,"body":"the evacuation time. It means"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1639.19,"endTime":1644.77,"body":"that within the evacuation"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1639.19,"endTime":1644.77,"body":"times, which we have assumed, is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1645.25,"endTime":1648.73,"body":"between three and four minutes"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1645.25,"endTime":1648.73,"body":"for this car park, we did not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1648.73,"endTime":1653.38,"body":"have a case in which conditions"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1648.73,"endTime":1653.38,"body":"would be completely tenable in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1653.38,"endTime":1658.9,"body":"the whole of the car park and in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1653.38,"endTime":1658.9,"body":"that simulation, and after"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1659.29,"endTime":1663.67,"body":"three, after four minutes, we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1659.29,"endTime":1663.67,"body":"usually ended up with literally"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1663.67,"endTime":1667.6,"body":"more than a half of the carpark"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1663.67,"endTime":1667.6,"body":"filled with smoke. So that's a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1667.6,"endTime":1672.58,"body":"very, very bad outcome. If you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1667.6,"endTime":1672.58,"body":"have more than 1000 square"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1672.58,"endTime":1677.71,"body":"meters filled with smoke that's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1672.58,"endTime":1677.71,"body":"beyond your tenability limits."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1677.77,"endTime":1679.99,"body":"And if you want to learn more"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1677.77,"endTime":1679.99,"body":"than the network limits, you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1679.99,"endTime":1682.57,"body":"should jump into episode number"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1679.99,"endTime":1682.57,"body":"three with Gabriella Vigne,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1683.08,"endTime":1686.08,"body":"where we've discussed them in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1683.08,"endTime":1686.08,"body":"quite detail.."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1690.46,"endTime":1696.04,"body":"So if you have a very low height"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1690.46,"endTime":1696.04,"body":"car park, and in our outcomes, I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1696.04,"endTime":1699.13,"body":"mean in all the cases, including"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1696.04,"endTime":1699.13,"body":"the ones where we had these"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1699.13,"endTime":1702.25,"body":"powerful smoke control systems"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1699.13,"endTime":1702.25,"body":"in them, because we've also"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1702.25,"endTime":1704.95,"body":"we're testing some really"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1702.25,"endTime":1704.95,"body":"powerful smoke control systems"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1704.98,"endTime":1709.87,"body":"in the carpark. And even for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1704.98,"endTime":1709.87,"body":"these cases, the results were"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1709.9,"endTime":1714.7,"body":"very unfavorable. And if you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1709.9,"endTime":1714.7,"body":"start thinking about it, it may"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1714.7,"endTime":1718.27,"body":"be connected to the way how we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1714.7,"endTime":1718.27,"body":"assess the tenability in this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1718.27,"endTime":1723.85,"body":"case, because we determine it at"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1718.27,"endTime":1723.85,"body":"the height of 1.8 meter about"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1724.03,"endTime":1724.96,"body":"above the floor."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1727.03,"endTime":1730.54,"body":"Probably if you move these"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1727.03,"endTime":1730.54,"body":"heights like one and a half"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1730.54,"endTime":1734.44,"body":"meter, maybe one meter, you will"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1730.54,"endTime":1734.44,"body":"get to a different conclusion."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1734.86,"endTime":1740.83,"body":"But we wanted to keep this as we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1734.86,"endTime":1740.83,"body":"do in everyday engineering work."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1740.92,"endTime":1744.31,"body":"And in that work, we usually"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1740.92,"endTime":1744.31,"body":"assess these conditions at 1.8"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1744.31,"endTime":1748.06,"body":"meter. So there was no point to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1744.31,"endTime":1748.06,"body":"change that just because of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1748.45,"endTime":1752.47,"body":"of the project we're doing. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1748.45,"endTime":1752.47,"body":"for very low height carparks,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1752.5,"endTime":1758.23,"body":"which was 2.4 meter, we really"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1752.5,"endTime":1758.23,"body":"have had horrible outcomes, even"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1758.23,"endTime":1761.5,"body":"for the for the smallest fires"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1758.23,"endTime":1761.5,"body":"that we have tested."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1762.28,"endTime":1767.38,"body":"For ptaller carparks. Starting"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1762.28,"endTime":1767.38,"body":"with 2.7 meter, we've started to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1767.38,"endTime":1770.41,"body":"observe differences between the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1767.38,"endTime":1770.41,"body":"different types of ventilation"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1770.41,"endTime":1776.17,"body":"systems. So in the most powerful"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1770.41,"endTime":1776.17,"body":"duct system, which had the cubic"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1776.17,"endTime":1780.4,"body":"capacity of 50 cubic meters per"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1776.17,"endTime":1780.4,"body":"second, that's a lot actually if"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1780.4,"endTime":1783.7,"body":"you if you if you talk about"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1780.4,"endTime":1783.7,"body":"smoke control systems, the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1783.7,"endTime":1787.33,"body":"outcomes were okay'ish. Because"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1783.7,"endTime":1787.33,"body":"of this increased height, we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1787.33,"endTime":1789.79,"body":"really observe the differences"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1787.33,"endTime":1789.79,"body":"between the smoke control"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1789.79,"endTime":1793.9,"body":"systems in there. The systems"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1789.79,"endTime":1793.9,"body":"that had lower capacity ranked"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1793.9,"endTime":1796.99,"body":"worse, the system that had"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1793.9,"endTime":1796.99,"body":"increased capacity ranked"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1796.99,"endTime":1801.61,"body":"better. So it seems that once"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1796.99,"endTime":1801.61,"body":"you supply sufficient height of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1801.61,"endTime":1805.39,"body":"your car park you start"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1801.61,"endTime":1805.39,"body":"observing improvements when you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1805.39,"endTime":1810.07,"body":"include new safety systems in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1805.39,"endTime":1810.07,"body":"it. Because in the lowest ones,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1810.43,"endTime":1814.0,"body":"no matter what type of system"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1810.43,"endTime":1814.0,"body":"we've brought, no matter what"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1814.0,"endTime":1817.51,"body":"type of capacity the system had,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1814.0,"endTime":1817.51,"body":"we never found a good, good"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1817.54,"endTime":1820.15,"body":"outcome. So that's that's lesson"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1817.54,"endTime":1820.15,"body":"learned."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1820.6,"endTime":1823.33,"body":"In the very tall car parks,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1820.6,"endTime":1823.33,"body":"let's say starting with three"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1823.33,"endTime":1827.14,"body":"meters and above the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1823.33,"endTime":1827.14,"body":"introduction of any ventilation"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1827.14,"endTime":1830.2,"body":"system that we've used in our"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1827.14,"endTime":1830.2,"body":"study pretty much solved the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1830.2,"endTime":1835.27,"body":"case. And we have stopped"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1830.2,"endTime":1835.27,"body":"observing significant"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1835.27,"endTime":1839.83,"body":"differences between the rapidly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1835.27,"endTime":1839.83,"body":"growing scenarios and the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1839.86,"endTime":1845.23,"body":"classical design fires. So once"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1839.86,"endTime":1845.23,"body":"the carpark was tall enough, we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1845.23,"endTime":1849.91,"body":"have not observed significantly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1845.23,"endTime":1849.91,"body":"worst smoke obscuration in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1849.91,"endTime":1853.57,"body":"carpark we have not seen"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1849.91,"endTime":1853.57,"body":"significantly higher"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1853.57,"endTime":1857.71,"body":"temperatures in the early phase"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1853.57,"endTime":1857.71,"body":"of the fire anymore. So yeah, I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1857.71,"endTime":1862.06,"body":"think in a way, you could say"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1857.71,"endTime":1862.06,"body":"that the car park handled this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1862.39,"endTime":1866.35,"body":"very early release of large"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1862.39,"endTime":1866.35,"body":"amount of smoke. And once you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1866.35,"endTime":1871.84,"body":"start thinking about why this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1866.35,"endTime":1871.84,"body":"height is such a profound"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1872.68,"endTime":1876.97,"body":"variable for for this, I mean,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1872.68,"endTime":1876.97,"body":"if you want to keep this smoke"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1877.0,"endTime":1880.93,"body":"above the heads of people who"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1877.0,"endTime":1880.93,"body":"are inside the car park, having"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1880.93,"endTime":1885.58,"body":"the car park taller just allows"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1880.93,"endTime":1885.58,"body":"you to have more smoke gathered"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1885.85,"endTime":1890.77,"body":"above their heads pretty much."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1885.85,"endTime":1890.77,"body":"And yeah, that makes sense. Once"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1890.77,"endTime":1894.4,"body":"you have big enough smoke"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1890.77,"endTime":1894.4,"body":"reservoir, you can manage the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1894.4,"endTime":1898.36,"body":"smoke for a longer time. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1894.4,"endTime":1898.36,"body":"maybe that's just enough to have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1898.66,"endTime":1901.66,"body":"enough time for people to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1898.66,"endTime":1901.66,"body":"evacuate, actually in the in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1901.66,"endTime":1908.44,"body":"tallest carparks 3.6 meter, even"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1901.66,"endTime":1908.44,"body":"without any system we have had"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1908.74,"endTime":1913.18,"body":"very favorable outcomes for the,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1908.74,"endTime":1913.18,"body":"for the rapidly growing fires"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1913.18,"endTime":1914.95,"body":"and for the classical design"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1913.18,"endTime":1914.95,"body":"fires."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1915.25,"endTime":1919.27,"body":"So the height is really"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1915.25,"endTime":1919.27,"body":"impactful in terms of limiting"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1919.27,"endTime":1923.8,"body":"the the heat transferred from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1919.27,"endTime":1923.8,"body":"the smoke layer to the to the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1924.31,"endTime":1927.76,"body":"surroundings, because of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1924.31,"endTime":1927.76,"body":"increase in entrainment with the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1928.06,"endTime":1932.92,"body":"increased height of the plume."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1928.06,"endTime":1932.92,"body":"And because you have bigger"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1932.92,"endTime":1937.0,"body":"reservoir to carry it to have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1932.92,"endTime":1937.0,"body":"the smoke accumulated in it in a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1937.0,"endTime":1941.29,"body":"way that it does not endanger"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1937.0,"endTime":1941.29,"body":"the people below it, it also in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1941.29,"endTime":1945.28,"body":"a way helps to solve the case"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1941.29,"endTime":1945.28,"body":"for the tenability in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1945.28,"endTime":1950.62,"body":"carpark So, yeah, that that was"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1945.28,"endTime":1950.62,"body":"quite powerful to see the height"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1950.62,"endTime":1954.73,"body":"being sooo... such an important"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1950.62,"endTime":1954.73,"body":"variable. And at the same time,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1954.73,"endTime":1958.96,"body":"it's uncomfortable for me as a,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1954.73,"endTime":1958.96,"body":"as someone who tries to help"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1958.96,"endTime":1963.16,"body":"designers design better car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1958.96,"endTime":1963.16,"body":"parks, because you know, height"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1963.19,"endTime":1967.72,"body":"relates to the cost of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1963.19,"endTime":1967.72,"body":"carpark very much and it it will"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1967.81,"endTime":1971.41,"body":"quickly increase the overall"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1967.81,"endTime":1971.41,"body":"investment costs. You must look"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1971.44,"endTime":1974.32,"body":"at the height of the carpark if"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1971.44,"endTime":1974.32,"body":"we were for example talking"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1974.32,"endTime":1978.07,"body":"about underground carpark. The"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1974.32,"endTime":1978.07,"body":"height means you have to dig"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1978.07,"endTime":1981.82,"body":"deeper, you probably have to use"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1978.07,"endTime":1981.82,"body":"more concrete, more steel to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1981.82,"endTime":1985.51,"body":"build the carpark so actually"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1981.82,"endTime":1985.51,"body":"that's, that increases the costs"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1985.54,"endTime":1990.64,"body":"a lot, especially if you if the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1985.54,"endTime":1990.64,"body":"water level in your soil is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1990.64,"endTime":1995.32,"body":"pretty high, there's probably a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1990.64,"endTime":1995.32,"body":"depth that you don't want to go"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1995.32,"endTime":1998.29,"body":"into. And sometimes it's just"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1995.32,"endTime":1998.29,"body":"impossible maybe to increase the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1998.29,"endTime":2001.86,"body":"car park height. So from a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":1998.29,"endTime":2001.86,"body":"designer point of view, from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2001.86,"endTime":2005.28,"body":"architect point of view, I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2001.86,"endTime":2005.28,"body":"perfectly understand the issues"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2005.28,"endTime":2010.26,"body":"why we want to seek a compromise"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2005.28,"endTime":2010.26,"body":"height of the car park that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2010.26,"endTime":2015.06,"body":"would be easy to build, fairly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2010.26,"endTime":2015.06,"body":"cheap to build, and yet"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2015.57,"endTime":2018.75,"body":"sufficient to just have all the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2015.57,"endTime":2018.75,"body":"installations fit underneath the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2018.75,"endTime":2023.7,"body":"ceiling. And just enough for the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2018.75,"endTime":2023.7,"body":"for the proper operation of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2023.7,"endTime":2028.53,"body":"smoke control. And I perfectly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2023.7,"endTime":2028.53,"body":"understand that we need to build"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2028.53,"endTime":2032.88,"body":"this this, this car parks in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2028.53,"endTime":2032.88,"body":"optimal height, we don't want to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2032.88,"endTime":2036.63,"body":"just build a four meter high car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2032.88,"endTime":2036.63,"body":"parks because we like it, we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2036.63,"endTime":2039.87,"body":"have to have a good reason for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2036.63,"endTime":2039.87,"body":"that. And then again, on the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2039.87,"endTime":2043.02,"body":"second hand, I see the results"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2039.87,"endTime":2043.02,"body":"of my of my CFD study and I see"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2043.02,"endTime":2047.43,"body":"how big impact this this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2043.02,"endTime":2047.43,"body":"variable has. So it's like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2047.46,"endTime":2050.91,"body":"really difficult time, you know,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2047.46,"endTime":2050.91,"body":"because I'm going to have a lot"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2050.91,"endTime":2053.88,"body":"of very, very difficult"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2050.91,"endTime":2053.88,"body":"discussions in the next years of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2053.88,"endTime":2058.26,"body":"my career with architects trying"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2053.88,"endTime":2058.26,"body":"to convince them that we should"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2058.26,"endTime":2062.94,"body":"build at least 2.70 - 3 meter or"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2058.26,"endTime":2062.94,"body":"more carparks through to just"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2062.94,"endTime":2065.28,"body":"provide some basic level of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2062.94,"endTime":2065.28,"body":"safety."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2065.93,"endTime":2070.55,"body":"From the other things that we've"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2065.93,"endTime":2070.55,"body":"looked in our studies, when we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2070.55,"endTime":2073.31,"body":"were looking into the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2070.55,"endTime":2073.31,"body":"firefighter operations"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2073.31,"endTime":2078.74,"body":"firefighter access, because"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2073.31,"endTime":2078.74,"body":"these rapidly growing fires"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2078.77,"endTime":2083.03,"body":"eventually reached the same"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2078.77,"endTime":2083.03,"body":"amount of heat as we have in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2083.27,"endTime":2087.29,"body":"standard design fires. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2083.27,"endTime":2087.29,"body":"because at some point the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2087.29,"endTime":2091.46,"body":"standard design fires would,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2087.29,"endTime":2091.46,"body":"would grow bigger than then the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2091.46,"endTime":2097.01,"body":"rapidly ones that we've"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2091.46,"endTime":2097.01,"body":"designed. You can you could"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2097.01,"endTime":2102.2,"body":"clearly see that the let's say"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2097.01,"endTime":2102.2,"body":"classic design fire was much"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2102.2,"endTime":2107.18,"body":"more difficult for the design of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2102.2,"endTime":2107.18,"body":"the systems for the firefighter"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2107.21,"endTime":2112.1,"body":"entrance. So from that, it's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2107.21,"endTime":2112.1,"body":"fairly easy to see that with a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2112.1,"endTime":2116.39,"body":"classical approach, if you use"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2112.1,"endTime":2116.39,"body":"TNO curve to design your car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2116.39,"endTime":2119.48,"body":"park, or if you use some"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2116.39,"endTime":2119.48,"body":"reasonable value of steady"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2119.48,"endTime":2123.41,"body":"state, heat release rate for the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2119.48,"endTime":2123.41,"body":"design of the smoke control in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2123.44,"endTime":2126.98,"body":"carpark. For example, if you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2123.44,"endTime":2126.98,"body":"follow the British Standards,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2126.98,"endTime":2130.82,"body":"and you use four or eight"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2126.98,"endTime":2130.82,"body":"megawatts, or maybe you go with"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2130.85,"endTime":2135.2,"body":"with something even larger based"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2130.85,"endTime":2135.2,"body":"on maybe research of Daniel"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2135.23,"endTime":2139.82,"body":"Jouyex, or some guidelines from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2135.23,"endTime":2139.82,"body":"from New Zealand, you probably"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2139.82,"endTime":2143.18,"body":"go to do even higher, steady"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2139.82,"endTime":2143.18,"body":"state heat release rates to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2143.18,"endTime":2147.17,"body":"design your systems. If you do"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2143.18,"endTime":2147.17,"body":"that today, I don't think the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2147.17,"endTime":2150.44,"body":"electric vehicle would make a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2147.17,"endTime":2150.44,"body":"huge difference to your"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2150.44,"endTime":2154.07,"body":"approach, because the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2150.44,"endTime":2154.07,"body":"differences are not really once"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2154.07,"endTime":2158.57,"body":"the fire develops, the whole"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2154.07,"endTime":2158.57,"body":"vehicle. Once the fire takes"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2158.57,"endTime":2162.29,"body":"over the whole vehicle as we've"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2158.57,"endTime":2162.29,"body":"discussed it with Roeland last"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2162.29,"endTime":2166.37,"body":"week the differences between"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2162.29,"endTime":2166.37,"body":"internal combustion engine"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2166.37,"endTime":2171.47,"body":"vehicles and electric vehicles"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2166.37,"endTime":2171.47,"body":"are not that profound. Actually,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2171.89,"endTime":2175.58,"body":"the bigger difference would make"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2171.89,"endTime":2175.58,"body":"if you live in window open, most"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2175.58,"endTime":2180.2,"body":"likely than what the powertrain"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2175.58,"endTime":2180.2,"body":"of the vehicle was. So it seems"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2180.2,"endTime":2184.64,"body":"from the aspect of firefighter"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2180.2,"endTime":2184.64,"body":"response. Obviously, these"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2184.88,"endTime":2188.72,"body":"electric vehicle fires bringing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2184.88,"endTime":2188.72,"body":"new challenges that we are not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2188.75,"endTime":2192.38,"body":"able to quantify yet,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2188.75,"endTime":2192.38,"body":"definitely, definitely very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2192.38,"endTime":2197.06,"body":"difficult to put out, you have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2192.38,"endTime":2197.06,"body":"to put a lot of additional"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2197.06,"endTime":2203.09,"body":"effort to localize the fire. By"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2197.06,"endTime":2203.09,"body":"localize I mean, to make it not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2203.09,"endTime":2209.12,"body":"spread to have it in one spot"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2203.09,"endTime":2209.12,"body":"and not affecting surroundings"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2209.12,"endTime":2215.0,"body":"not growing into adjacent"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2209.12,"endTime":2215.0,"body":"vehicles to isolate it from the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2215.0,"endTime":2219.23,"body":"rest of the carpark. Definitely"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2215.0,"endTime":2219.23,"body":"that amount of work and water"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2219.23,"endTime":2222.26,"body":"and efforts from the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2219.23,"endTime":2222.26,"body":"firefighters is increasing in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2222.26,"endTime":2227.9,"body":"there. But me as a smoke control"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2222.26,"endTime":2227.9,"body":"designer, I believe that my duty"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2227.9,"endTime":2231.65,"body":"is to allow them enter and try"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2227.9,"endTime":2231.65,"body":"to remove as much of the smoke"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2231.95,"endTime":2235.4,"body":"during their operation as I can."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2231.95,"endTime":2235.4,"body":"And I leave it to the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2235.4,"endTime":2239.96,"body":"professionals how to how they"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2235.4,"endTime":2239.96,"body":"handle the fire and how long it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2239.96,"endTime":2244.13,"body":"takes. So from that point, it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2239.96,"endTime":2244.13,"body":"seems the differences were not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2244.16,"endTime":2248.3,"body":"big actually, the we've"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2244.16,"endTime":2248.3,"body":"definitely seen that the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2248.3,"endTime":2253.46,"body":"traditional design fires who"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2248.3,"endTime":2253.46,"body":"gave worse results in terms of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2253.46,"endTime":2257.15,"body":"spread of the fire from vehicle"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2253.46,"endTime":2257.15,"body":"to vehicle. As I mentioned"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2257.15,"endTime":2263.54,"body":"before, it depends on the heat"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2257.15,"endTime":2263.54,"body":"feedback received by the target"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2263.54,"endTime":2269.9,"body":"vehicle. So in our simulations,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2263.54,"endTime":2269.9,"body":"we didn't really consider that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2269.9,"endTime":2274.82,"body":"jet fire behavior of the of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2269.9,"endTime":2274.82,"body":"battery fires, because it's very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2274.82,"endTime":2278.03,"body":"difficult to quantify, because"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2274.82,"endTime":2278.03,"body":"it definitely changes the the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2278.03,"endTime":2282.77,"body":"physics of the other smoke and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2278.03,"endTime":2282.77,"body":"it can promote the spread of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2282.77,"endTime":2286.43,"body":"fire to adjacent vehicles"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2282.77,"endTime":2286.43,"body":"because suddenly your your"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2286.43,"endTime":2291.23,"body":"adjacent vehicle is exposed to a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2286.43,"endTime":2291.23,"body":"stream of hot gases behind like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2291.23,"endTime":2297.02,"body":"like a burner. But here, we did"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2291.23,"endTime":2297.02,"body":"not simulate it directly. But it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2297.05,"endTime":2302.36,"body":"from my experience in handling"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2297.05,"endTime":2302.36,"body":"the car park fires in designing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2302.36,"endTime":2305.06,"body":"car parks, it is kind of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2302.36,"endTime":2305.06,"body":"obvious, you either need"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2305.57,"endTime":2309.41,"body":"physical separation between the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2305.57,"endTime":2309.41,"body":"parking spots. And in that case,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2309.41,"endTime":2312.56,"body":"you stop the jet fire at the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2309.41,"endTime":2312.56,"body":"physical barrier, like a wall"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2312.56,"endTime":2317.21,"body":"between some of the vehicle"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2312.56,"endTime":2317.21,"body":"parking spots. Or you can use"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2317.6,"endTime":2321.68,"body":"sprinklers to pretty much get"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2317.6,"endTime":2321.68,"body":"the same effect of preventing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2321.68,"endTime":2324.68,"body":"the fire spread from vehicle to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2321.68,"endTime":2324.68,"body":"vehicle. And I assume in many"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2324.68,"endTime":2328.22,"body":"parts of the world, you will"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2324.68,"endTime":2328.22,"body":"just do that naturally. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2328.22,"endTime":2331.04,"body":"probably that's the best thing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2328.22,"endTime":2331.04,"body":"you can you can do for the car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2331.04,"endTime":2336.35,"body":"park. So yeah. These are the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2331.04,"endTime":2336.35,"body":"outcomes of our research study"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2336.35,"endTime":2342.05,"body":"on on what happens if the fires"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2336.35,"endTime":2342.05,"body":"grow very quickly in the car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2342.05,"endTime":2348.41,"body":"park which in a way reflects the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2342.05,"endTime":2348.41,"body":"scenario that we envisage for a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2348.41,"endTime":2353.87,"body":"rapidly growing fire of electric"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2348.41,"endTime":2353.87,"body":"vehicle caused by some sort of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2353.87,"endTime":2356.6,"body":"failure in the battery and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2353.87,"endTime":2356.6,"body":"thermal runaway and the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2356.6,"endTime":2361.46,"body":"cascading failure of the cells"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2356.6,"endTime":2361.46,"body":"that leads to this very sudden"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2361.46,"endTime":2365.45,"body":"the very large very rapid growth"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2361.46,"endTime":2365.45,"body":"of your of your fire."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2367.64,"endTime":2369.5,"body":"some final thoughts from that?"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2369.54,"endTime":2374.19,"body":"Because definitely the case is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2369.54,"endTime":2374.19,"body":"not solved yet. I think we're a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2374.19,"endTime":2379.23,"body":"few steps closer to providing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2374.19,"endTime":2379.23,"body":"safety in car parks. And I would"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2379.23,"endTime":2382.59,"body":"be far away from stating that we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2379.23,"endTime":2382.59,"body":"have solved the problem of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2382.68,"endTime":2386.7,"body":"electric vehicle fires in car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2382.68,"endTime":2386.7,"body":"parks. But we certainly do know"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2386.73,"endTime":2391.74,"body":"a bit more how to design the car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2386.73,"endTime":2391.74,"body":"parks in a way that does not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2391.74,"endTime":2394.62,"body":"really matter that much if the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2391.74,"endTime":2394.62,"body":"fire development was very quick."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2394.68,"endTime":2399.69,"body":"So that that's I think a very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2394.68,"endTime":2399.69,"body":"good thing for engineering"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2399.66,"endTime":2404.01,"body":"For now, and I'm sure that at"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2399.66,"endTime":2404.01,"body":"some point, the science will"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2399.69,"endTime":2399.96,"body":"folks."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2404.01,"endTime":2408.84,"body":"catch up. And we will receive"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2404.01,"endTime":2408.84,"body":"much more evidence based"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2408.84,"endTime":2413.61,"body":"scenarios to use in our car park"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2408.84,"endTime":2413.61,"body":"simulations. And I'm really,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2413.61,"endTime":2416.97,"body":"really looking forward to the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2413.61,"endTime":2416.97,"body":"day where we would have like,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2417.69,"endTime":2421.14,"body":"evidence based heat release rate"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2417.69,"endTime":2421.14,"body":"curves are evidence based"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2421.14,"endTime":2425.28,"body":"designs fires to be used in car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2421.14,"endTime":2425.28,"body":"park fire safety. And I would be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2425.28,"endTime":2429.81,"body":"the first to drop the the ad hoc"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2425.28,"endTime":2429.81,"body":"scenarios that we've determined,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2430.26,"endTime":2434.52,"body":"I would truly love to have this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2430.26,"endTime":2434.52,"body":"type of of data to use in my"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2434.52,"endTime":2437.76,"body":"simulations, I didn't have it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2434.52,"endTime":2437.76,"body":"now. So now you have to do what"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2437.76,"endTime":2442.71,"body":"you have to do, you have to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2437.76,"endTime":2442.71,"body":"handle the problem. In light of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2442.74,"endTime":2446.43,"body":"missing knowledge, we cannot"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2442.74,"endTime":2446.43,"body":"just say we we didn't know when"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2446.43,"endTime":2450.66,"body":"we didn't care, and we cannot"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2446.43,"endTime":2450.66,"body":"help design safe car parks,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2450.72,"endTime":2455.01,"body":"because electric vehicles are"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2450.72,"endTime":2455.01,"body":"the future. For the last 20-30"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2455.01,"endTime":2458.19,"body":"years, we have been designing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2455.01,"endTime":2458.19,"body":"car parks that will host"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2458.64,"endTime":2462.63,"body":"electric vehicles we were just"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2458.64,"endTime":2462.63,"body":"not aware of they will. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2462.63,"endTime":2467.67,"body":"that's an inevitable future with"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2462.63,"endTime":2467.67,"body":"all the targets set by by the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2467.67,"endTime":2470.97,"body":"countries, at least in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2467.67,"endTime":2470.97,"body":"European Union. But I think it's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2470.97,"endTime":2474.48,"body":"very similar in many parts of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2470.97,"endTime":2474.48,"body":"the world, that electric"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2474.48,"endTime":2479.22,"body":"vehicles should be come a major"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2474.48,"endTime":2479.22,"body":"part of the traffic and the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2479.22,"endTime":2484.53,"body":"civilian traffic in your roads."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2479.22,"endTime":2484.53,"body":"So if the majority of the car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2484.53,"endTime":2488.88,"body":"fleet is electric vehicles, you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2484.53,"endTime":2488.88,"body":"can't ban them in car parks. I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2488.88,"endTime":2493.68,"body":"mean you cannot ban a majority"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2488.88,"endTime":2493.68,"body":"of the vehicles to be used in in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2493.98,"endTime":2499.74,"body":"facilities designed to host"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2493.98,"endTime":2499.74,"body":"vehicles. So yeah, if we don't"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2499.77,"endTime":2504.66,"body":"want troubles in 10 or 15 years,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2499.77,"endTime":2504.66,"body":"with having to design new"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2504.66,"endTime":2508.56,"body":"systems in our car parks to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2504.66,"endTime":2508.56,"body":"magically turn them into"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2508.8,"endTime":2510.63,"body":"electric vehicle friendly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2508.8,"endTime":2510.63,"body":"spaces."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2512.1,"endTime":2516.21,"body":"I think designing tall car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2512.1,"endTime":2516.21,"body":"parks, and maybe equipping them"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2516.21,"endTime":2520.02,"body":"with sprinklers and some good"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2516.21,"endTime":2520.02,"body":"smoke control systems, I think"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2520.02,"endTime":2525.18,"body":"there's a fairly good solution."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2520.02,"endTime":2525.18,"body":"And I think from these three"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2525.18,"endTime":2532.11,"body":"items, you can find the very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2525.18,"endTime":2532.11,"body":"cost effective combination that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2532.14,"endTime":2537.09,"body":"would meet the demand of your"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2532.14,"endTime":2537.09,"body":"particular project, and would"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2537.09,"endTime":2542.55,"body":"let you design a very safe, very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2537.09,"endTime":2542.55,"body":"safe space for occupants for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2542.55,"endTime":2545.31,"body":"firefighters, basically, for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2542.55,"endTime":2545.31,"body":"everyone."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2570.92,"endTime":2575.18,"body":"In Poland, where I live, we have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2570.92,"endTime":2575.18,"body":"automated fire alarm systems"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2575.18,"endTime":2578.93,"body":"almost in every car park in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2575.18,"endTime":2578.93,"body":"every larger carpark that you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2578.93,"endTime":2583.34,"body":"would have. So I would say"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2578.93,"endTime":2583.34,"body":"they're very, very common. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2583.64,"endTime":2588.62,"body":"one thing is that it takes time"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2583.64,"endTime":2588.62,"body":"to process a signal of an alarm"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2588.68,"endTime":2594.29,"body":"in the carpark. It's not an"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2588.68,"endTime":2594.29,"body":"immediate information that an"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2594.62,"endTime":2599.54,"body":"event has happened in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2594.62,"endTime":2599.54,"body":"carpark it's not that the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2599.57,"endTime":2604.28,"body":"battery will release the cloud"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2599.57,"endTime":2604.28,"body":"of smoke and immediately you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2604.28,"endTime":2608.54,"body":"will have an alarm notification"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2604.28,"endTime":2608.54,"body":"in your control panel. No. It it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2608.54,"endTime":2613.43,"body":"takes time. First because the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2608.54,"endTime":2613.43,"body":"smoke has to reach the sensor."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2613.82,"endTime":2617.51,"body":"And if the smoke is very heavy,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2613.82,"endTime":2617.51,"body":"Roeland also mentioned something"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2617.51,"endTime":2621.32,"body":"like that in the last week that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2617.51,"endTime":2621.32,"body":"they see the smoke sometimes"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2621.47,"endTime":2624.32,"body":"before the flaming ignition"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2621.47,"endTime":2624.32,"body":"starts when the battery just"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2624.32,"endTime":2628.16,"body":"produces a lot of smoke. The"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2624.32,"endTime":2628.16,"body":"smoke is heavy, it doesn't does"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2628.16,"endTime":2632.09,"body":"not have buoyancy doesn't go"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2628.16,"endTime":2632.09,"body":"upwards where your smoke smoke"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2632.09,"endTime":2635.39,"body":"sensors are. So if it does not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2632.09,"endTime":2635.39,"body":"reach the smoke sensor, the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2635.39,"endTime":2638.3,"body":"smoke sensor has no idea what's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2635.39,"endTime":2638.3,"body":"happening underneath it."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2639.65,"endTime":2645.44,"body":"Even if the smoke reaches your"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2639.65,"endTime":2645.44,"body":"smoke sensor, it takes time for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2645.44,"endTime":2651.65,"body":"the sensor to trigger the alarm."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2645.44,"endTime":2651.65,"body":"And once it does, if it is just"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2651.65,"endTime":2658.4,"body":"a single smoke sensor, it will"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2651.65,"endTime":2658.4,"body":"go into pre alarm phase unless"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2658.4,"endTime":2663.68,"body":"it's some very fancy multi"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2658.4,"endTime":2663.68,"body":"detector smoke detection system"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2663.71,"endTime":2668.03,"body":"where you may go into stage two"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2663.71,"endTime":2668.03,"body":"already at that point but"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2668.06,"endTime":2673.4,"body":"usually it will go into pre"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2668.06,"endTime":2673.4,"body":"alarm which means the people"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2673.49,"endTime":2676.28,"body":"maintaining the building will be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2673.49,"endTime":2676.28,"body":"informed about an events is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2676.28,"endTime":2680.12,"body":"ongoing but it will be not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2676.28,"endTime":2680.12,"body":"classified as a confirmed fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2680.12,"endTime":2684.71,"body":"yet. This is because we don't"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2680.12,"endTime":2684.71,"body":"want to have every single"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2684.71,"endTime":2688.79,"body":"activation of a sensor start all"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2684.71,"endTime":2688.79,"body":"the fire safety systems in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2688.79,"endTime":2693.95,"body":"building because it takes time"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2688.79,"endTime":2693.95,"body":"and sometimes money to bring"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2693.95,"endTime":2695.33,"body":"them back to the original state."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2696.35,"endTime":2700.28,"body":"So you have the sensor that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2696.35,"endTime":2700.28,"body":"feels there's a smoke around And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2700.28,"endTime":2704.93,"body":"then it goes into alarm. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2700.28,"endTime":2704.93,"body":"then it might take even minutes"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2704.96,"endTime":2710.75,"body":"to go into into the fire alarm"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2704.96,"endTime":2710.75,"body":"state, it may need a decision of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2710.75,"endTime":2715.52,"body":"the operator, you may need a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2710.75,"endTime":2715.52,"body":"second detector to pick up the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2715.52,"endTime":2718.4,"body":"same smoke. And when you have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2715.52,"endTime":2718.4,"body":"like two sensors picking up,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2718.4,"endTime":2722.06,"body":"smoke gets pretty evident"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2718.4,"endTime":2722.06,"body":"there's a fire, it made need to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2722.06,"endTime":2725.6,"body":"pass a certain amount of time"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2722.06,"endTime":2725.6,"body":"without responsible operator to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2725.6,"endTime":2729.17,"body":"activate the alarm, which we"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2725.6,"endTime":2729.17,"body":"call the delay time of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2729.17,"endTime":2735.14,"body":"system. And this can add up to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2729.17,"endTime":2735.14,"body":"minutes. If you imagine the the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2735.14,"endTime":2739.76,"body":"timeline of the fire in your car"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2735.14,"endTime":2739.76,"body":"park, and imagine how quickly it"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2739.76,"endTime":2744.29,"body":"can grow from a very small state"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2739.76,"endTime":2744.29,"body":"into a fairly large state. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2744.29,"endTime":2748.7,"body":"then it takes let's say, one"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2744.29,"endTime":2748.7,"body":"minute for your detector to pick"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2748.7,"endTime":2752.12,"body":"up the smoke, then it may take"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2748.7,"endTime":2752.12,"body":"one to two minutes for the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2752.18,"endTime":2755.33,"body":"signal been transferred to the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2752.18,"endTime":2755.33,"body":"control panel and actions be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2755.33,"endTime":2760.01,"body":"taken to start the whole"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2755.33,"endTime":2760.01,"body":"sequence of events in your"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2760.01,"endTime":2764.42,"body":"building in response to the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2760.01,"endTime":2764.42,"body":"fire. Then, if we're talking"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2764.42,"endTime":2769.4,"body":"about smoke control systems,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2764.42,"endTime":2769.4,"body":"it's not that you have a signal"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2769.4,"endTime":2772.88,"body":"and it magically starts and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2769.4,"endTime":2772.88,"body":"there's suddenly flow in your"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2773.3,"endTime":2776.93,"body":"car park. No. No, you would have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2773.3,"endTime":2776.93,"body":"to close the HVAC systems"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2776.99,"endTime":2780.26,"body":"dampers, you would have to open"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2776.99,"endTime":2780.26,"body":"the fire dampers on your smoke"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2780.26,"endTime":2784.94,"body":"control ducts or in your exhaust"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2780.26,"endTime":2784.94,"body":"point, it takes time to open and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2784.94,"endTime":2789.02,"body":"close them, then you need to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2784.94,"endTime":2789.02,"body":"spin off the fans, which also is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2789.02,"endTime":2792.32,"body":"not usually it's not an"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2789.02,"endTime":2792.32,"body":"immediate action, it takes like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2792.32,"endTime":2796.43,"body":"30 seconds to ramp them up to a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2792.32,"endTime":2796.43,"body":"full capacity. And this seconds"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2796.46,"endTime":2799.91,"body":"add up very quickly. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2796.46,"endTime":2799.91,"body":"suddenly your systems become"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2799.91,"endTime":2803.15,"body":"fully operational in the fourth"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2799.91,"endTime":2803.15,"body":"minute of the fire in the fifth"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2803.15,"endTime":2807.62,"body":"minute of the fire. And if you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2803.15,"endTime":2807.62,"body":"remember from my long talk about"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2807.65,"endTime":2812.42,"body":"our findings?  in our safety"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2807.65,"endTime":2812.42,"body":"study, in three or four minutes,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2812.42,"endTime":2816.59,"body":"we already had untenable"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2812.42,"endTime":2816.59,"body":"conditions. So if there are long"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2816.59,"endTime":2819.29,"body":"delays introduced by your"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2816.59,"endTime":2819.29,"body":"systems in the building, the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2819.29,"endTime":2824.57,"body":"systems really didn't matter in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2819.29,"endTime":2824.57,"body":"that very early phase of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2824.57,"endTime":2827.96,"body":"fire. And this was the exact"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2824.57,"endTime":2827.96,"body":"thing why I was so scared of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2827.96,"endTime":2832.58,"body":"this Shanghai fire when I saw"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2827.96,"endTime":2832.58,"body":"the fire develops rapidly in the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2832.58,"endTime":2837.29,"body":"vehicle. And this brings me"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2832.58,"endTime":2837.29,"body":"again to my first conclusion and"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2837.32,"endTime":2840.11,"body":"the final conclusion of the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2837.32,"endTime":2840.11,"body":"study, the height matters,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2840.14,"endTime":2842.63,"body":"because it's always there, you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2840.14,"endTime":2842.63,"body":"don't have to activate the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2842.63,"endTime":2845.81,"body":"height of the carpark it's just"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2842.63,"endTime":2845.81,"body":"there is a physical parameter of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2845.81,"endTime":2852.29,"body":"your space that provides safety."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2845.81,"endTime":2852.29,"body":"And that's one more argument to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2852.32,"endTime":2858.44,"body":"vouch for taller carparks. Okay,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2852.32,"endTime":2858.44,"body":"so that was a lot on on the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2858.44,"endTime":2864.59,"body":"topic of the making kovorix"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2858.44,"endTime":2864.59,"body":"safer in the rapidly growing"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2864.59,"endTime":2869.03,"body":"fires that we could associate in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2864.59,"endTime":2869.03,"body":"way with electric vehicle fires,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2869.33,"endTime":2872.57,"body":"we could also associate them"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2869.33,"endTime":2872.57,"body":"with fires of internal"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2872.57,"endTime":2875.36,"body":"combustion engine vehicles in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2872.57,"endTime":2875.36,"body":"which the rupture of the fuel"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2875.36,"endTime":2879.44,"body":"tank is very quick. It's pretty"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2875.36,"endTime":2879.44,"body":"much the same story very quickly"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2879.44,"endTime":2882.98,"body":"growing fire to large heat"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2879.44,"endTime":2882.98,"body":"release rate posing threat very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2883.01,"endTime":2886.55,"body":"early in the building before"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2883.01,"endTime":2886.55,"body":"your systems can react before"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2886.55,"endTime":2889.25,"body":"your occupants. Notice that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2886.55,"endTime":2889.25,"body":"there's something ongoing, you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2889.25,"endTime":2892.31,"body":"already may be creating"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2889.25,"endTime":2892.31,"body":"untenable conditions or your"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2892.34,"endTime":2895.7,"body":"evacuation routes. And that's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2892.34,"endTime":2895.7,"body":"definitely something you don't"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2895.7,"endTime":2901.46,"body":"want to have in your carpark. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2895.7,"endTime":2901.46,"body":"I hope you've enjoyed this talk"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2901.46,"endTime":2906.26,"body":"on this subject. If you have not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2901.46,"endTime":2906.26,"body":"listened to the episode five"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2906.29,"endTime":2910.85,"body":"with Roeland Bisschop on battery"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2906.29,"endTime":2910.85,"body":"fires, and you've just finished"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2910.85,"endTime":2914.12,"body":"this episode, I think it's still"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2910.85,"endTime":2914.12,"body":"worth it to jump into episode"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2914.12,"endTime":2917.84,"body":"five and listen to what Roeland"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2914.12,"endTime":2917.84,"body":"had to say, on the topic of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2917.84,"endTime":2923.57,"body":"burning vehicles and batteries."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2917.84,"endTime":2923.57,"body":"I found that really interesting."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2923.57,"endTime":2926.9,"body":"And I've learned so much from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2923.57,"endTime":2926.9,"body":"him. And I'm truly grateful that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2926.9,"endTime":2931.25,"body":"he took my invite on kind of"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2926.9,"endTime":2931.25,"body":"short notice, actually. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2931.64,"endTime":2935.39,"body":"we've got that that episode in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2931.64,"endTime":2935.39,"body":"place. And it made me very, very"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2935.39,"endTime":2938.99,"body":"happy because I have learned a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2935.39,"endTime":2938.99,"body":"lot. And I know that if I have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2938.99,"endTime":2942.83,"body":"learned something from the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2938.99,"endTime":2942.83,"body":"interview, I know you will be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2942.83,"endTime":2946.31,"body":"able to pick up something for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2942.83,"endTime":2946.31,"body":"yourself from that as well. So"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2946.31,"endTime":2950.21,"body":"yeah, my goal here is to deliver"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2946.31,"endTime":2950.21,"body":"knowledge in the most convenient"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2950.21,"endTime":2953.75,"body":"way for you to digest it. And I"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2950.21,"endTime":2953.75,"body":"hope that's what you found in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2954.11,"endTime":2956.84,"body":"Episode Five and all the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2954.11,"endTime":2956.84,"body":"episodes of the of the fire"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2956.84,"endTime":2957.35,"body":"science show."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2958.88,"endTime":2961.46,"body":"I will be doing this solo"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2958.88,"endTime":2961.46,"body":"episodes every now and then."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2961.49,"endTime":2964.88,"body":"Because there's so many research"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2961.49,"endTime":2964.88,"body":"subjects that my group is"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2964.88,"endTime":2968.93,"body":"touching. And I find them all"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2964.88,"endTime":2968.93,"body":"interesting. If they were not"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2968.93,"endTime":2972.62,"body":"interesting, we would not be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2968.93,"endTime":2972.62,"body":"researching them. So because now"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2972.77,"endTime":2975.95,"body":"I have the podcast, I'm the one"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2972.77,"endTime":2975.95,"body":"to choose the guests. Every now"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2975.95,"endTime":2979.4,"body":"and then I'm going to steal the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2975.95,"endTime":2979.4,"body":"mic and I hope you will not you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2979.4,"endTime":2982.34,"body":"will not have anything against"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2979.4,"endTime":2982.34,"body":"that. I hope you have enjoyed"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2982.34,"endTime":2986.12,"body":"this solo episode. In the next"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2982.34,"endTime":2986.12,"body":"weeks. We're coming back to the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2986.12,"endTime":2989.54,"body":"interviews and I've already"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2986.12,"endTime":2989.54,"body":"interviewed two guests this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2989.54,"endTime":2993.71,"body":"week. Both were great. I have"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2989.54,"endTime":2993.71,"body":"two more scheduled for for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2993.71,"endTime":2998.3,"body":"ongoing days. So I'm building up"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2993.71,"endTime":2998.3,"body":"a month ahead of content so you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2998.3,"endTime":3003.19,"body":"can be sure thatepisode will be"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":2998.3,"endTime":3003.19,"body":"waiting for you every Wednesday."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3003.4,"endTime":3007.33,"body":"And for last thing, I would"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3003.4,"endTime":3007.33,"body":"really appreciate if if you like"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3007.33,"endTime":3010.72,"body":"this podcast, if you like the"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3007.33,"endTime":3010.72,"body":"way how knowledge is being"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3010.72,"endTime":3014.74,"body":"passed in here that that some"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3010.72,"endTime":3014.74,"body":"interesting viewpoints opinions"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3014.74,"endTime":3016.12,"body":"are being shared in here."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3017.11,"endTime":3020.44,"body":"If you enjoy this, and if you"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3017.11,"endTime":3020.44,"body":"think it's beneficial for you to"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3020.44,"endTime":3023.05,"body":"keep listening to the podcast"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3020.44,"endTime":3023.05,"body":"and you're learning something"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3023.05,"endTime":3026.92,"body":"new in here, please pass this"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3023.05,"endTime":3026.92,"body":"knowledge to your colleague in"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3026.92,"endTime":3029.89,"body":"your office, maybe your"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3026.92,"endTime":3029.89,"body":"coworker, your local"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3029.89,"endTime":3033.01,"body":"firefighter, all the people that"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3029.89,"endTime":3033.01,"body":"that could benefit from that,"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3033.04,"endTime":3037.84,"body":"because I would love to reach as"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3033.04,"endTime":3037.84,"body":"many people as possible. It's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3037.84,"endTime":3041.23,"body":"free, it's online, it's easily"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3037.84,"endTime":3041.23,"body":"accessible. So it would be great"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3041.23,"endTime":3045.4,"body":"if anyone who can benefit from"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3041.23,"endTime":3045.4,"body":"listening to this show could at"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3045.4,"endTime":3050.02,"body":"least try and see if this is a"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3045.4,"endTime":3050.02,"body":"format that works for them. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3050.02,"endTime":3054.25,"body":"yeah, for today. That's, that's"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3050.02,"endTime":3054.25,"body":"it. Thank you very much for"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3054.25,"endTime":3057.97,"body":"tuning into this episode. And"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3054.25,"endTime":3057.97,"body":"yeah, see you next Wednesday."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3058.0,"endTime":3058.51,"body":"Thanks."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3070.51,"endTime":3074.26,"body":"This was the Fire Science Show."},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3070.51,"endTime":3074.26,"body":"Thank you for listening and see"},{"speaker":"what I see","startTime":3074.26,"endTime":3074.77,"body":"you soon."}]}