{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":35.7,"endTime":41.82,"body":"Welcome to this episode of Nursing EDge "},{"startTime":35.7,"endTime":41.82,"body":"Unscripted Saga where we journey through  "},{"startTime":41.82,"endTime":46.62,"body":"the history of nursing education using "},{"startTime":41.82,"endTime":46.62,"body":"stories that connect the past to the  "},{"startTime":46.62,"endTime":52.2,"body":"present and then our future as we reimagine "},{"startTime":46.62,"endTime":52.2,"body":"our teaching, learning, and scholarship.  "},{"startTime":53.34,"endTime":60.18,"body":"It is often said that the past teaches us about "},{"startTime":53.34,"endTime":60.18,"body":"the present to study history is to study change.  "},{"startTime":60.18,"endTime":67.86,"body":"This year Saga gives voice to nursing through the "},{"startTime":60.18,"endTime":67.86,"body":"words of our early nurse leaders who organized a  "},{"startTime":67.86,"endTime":74.76,"body":"discipline in carved out systems to formalize the "},{"startTime":67.86,"endTime":74.76,"body":"education of nurses throughout the United States.  "},{"startTime":75.72,"endTime":83.4,"body":"In Their Own Words illuminates the visionary "},{"startTime":75.72,"endTime":83.4,"body":"work of NLN pathfinders who question traditional  "},{"startTime":83.4,"endTime":91.38,"body":"curriculum paradigms and in the process co-created "},{"startTime":83.4,"endTime":91.38,"body":"standards for nursing education to build the  "},{"startTime":91.38,"endTime":98.46,"body":"discipline of nursing. For the next two months, we "},{"startTime":91.38,"endTime":98.46,"body":"will focus on the evolution of nursing education  "},{"startTime":98.46,"endTime":105.24,"body":"in the establishment of curriculum standards and "},{"startTime":98.46,"endTime":105.24,"body":"pedagogical excellence for nursing education's  "},{"startTime":105.24,"endTime":111.6,"body":"early leader pathfinders. It is the story that "},{"startTime":105.24,"endTime":111.6,"body":"belongs to the National League for Nursing,  "},{"startTime":111.6,"endTime":119.7,"body":"a story about strong leaders who defied tradition "},{"startTime":111.6,"endTime":119.7,"body":"in braved external opposition to co-create a  "},{"startTime":119.7,"endTime":126.42,"body":"foundation for modern nursing education. This "},{"startTime":119.7,"endTime":126.42,"body":"month we will focus on accomplishments to reform  "},{"startTime":126.42,"endTime":133.8,"body":"nursing education and nursing curricula during "},{"startTime":126.42,"endTime":133.8,"body":"the first decade of organized Nursing from 1893  "},{"startTime":133.8,"endTime":141.06,"body":"to 1900. In the following month, our focus will "},{"startTime":133.8,"endTime":141.06,"body":"be transformative accomplishments during the  "},{"startTime":141.06,"endTime":148.92,"body":"early 20th century. To fully capture the spirit "},{"startTime":141.06,"endTime":148.92,"body":"of this evolution, we will tell the story through  "},{"startTime":148.92,"endTime":156.48,"body":"the words of nursing education's early leaders "},{"startTime":148.92,"endTime":156.48,"body":"documented from the proceedings of NLN annual  "},{"startTime":156.48,"endTime":167.7,"body":"conventions from 1893 to 1952. These publications "},{"startTime":156.48,"endTime":167.7,"body":"are part of the NLN Archives collection currently  "},{"startTime":167.7,"endTime":173.22,"body":"housed at the Bates Center for the History "},{"startTime":167.7,"endTime":173.22,"body":"of Nursing at the University of Pennsylvania."},{"startTime":174.96,"endTime":179.16,"body":"And the story begins...first  "},{"startTime":179.16,"endTime":188.82,"body":"training schools opened in America in 1873. By "},{"startTime":179.16,"endTime":188.82,"body":"1890 there were 35 schools and 1500 students.  "},{"startTime":189.42,"endTime":194.7,"body":"The value of trained nurses caring for "},{"startTime":189.42,"endTime":194.7,"body":"the sick was recognized by hospitals,  "},{"startTime":194.7,"endTime":201.18,"body":"which welcomed the free labor of student nurses. "},{"startTime":194.7,"endTime":201.18,"body":"But training schools were being opened without  "},{"startTime":201.18,"endTime":208.56,"body":"consideration for standards even though they were "},{"startTime":201.18,"endTime":208.56,"body":"loosely based on the Nightingale model. Curricula  "},{"startTime":208.56,"endTime":215.82,"body":"lack rigor and consistency. The stage was set for "},{"startTime":208.56,"endTime":215.82,"body":"the development of organized nursing education  "},{"startTime":217.32,"endTime":225.18,"body":"at the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago. Ms. Isabel "},{"startTime":217.32,"endTime":225.18,"body":"Hampton, superintendent of the Johns Hopkins  "},{"startTime":225.18,"endTime":231.54,"body":"Training School in Baltimore, chaired a group "},{"startTime":225.18,"endTime":231.54,"body":"of superintendents who set about laying the  "},{"startTime":231.54,"endTime":238.68,"body":"foundation for a new association, the American "},{"startTime":231.54,"endTime":238.68,"body":"Society of Superintendents of Training Schools  "},{"startTime":238.68,"endTime":246.66,"body":"for Nurses. This was the first association of "},{"startTime":238.68,"endTime":246.66,"body":"nurses in the United States it would become the  "},{"startTime":246.66,"endTime":254.76,"body":"National League of Nursing Education in 1912 "},{"startTime":246.66,"endTime":254.76,"body":"and the National League for Nursing in 1952.  "},{"startTime":256.32,"endTime":262.2,"body":"During the early years, the society faced "},{"startTime":256.32,"endTime":262.2,"body":"opposition from physicians who objected to  "},{"startTime":262.2,"endTime":268.68,"body":"nursing's growing self-governance. The belief, "},{"startTime":262.2,"endTime":268.68,"body":"at the time, was that nursing did not require  "},{"startTime":268.68,"endTime":276.36,"body":"formal training or education. By forming the "},{"startTime":268.68,"endTime":276.36,"body":"Society, the superintendents collectively worked  "},{"startTime":276.36,"endTime":284.22,"body":"to change that reality. They believed in power "},{"startTime":276.36,"endTime":284.22,"body":"through organization and a collective vision.  "},{"startTime":285.54,"endTime":293.04,"body":"As early as 1895, at the second annual convention, "},{"startTime":285.54,"endTime":293.04,"body":"the focus of the proceedings was on curriculum  "},{"startTime":293.04,"endTime":301.5,"body":"reform and the development of a uniform curriculum "},{"startTime":293.04,"endTime":301.5,"body":"for training schools. This was revolutionary as a  "},{"startTime":301.5,"endTime":308.16,"body":"superintendent sought to challenge decades of "},{"startTime":301.5,"endTime":308.16,"body":"physician-controlled servitude-based training  "},{"startTime":308.16,"endTime":318.3,"body":"where student nurses worked on average 14 hours "},{"startTime":308.16,"endTime":318.3,"body":"a day with minimal instruction. Miss Mary Agnes  "},{"startTime":318.3,"endTime":325.38,"body":"Snively, Superintendent of the Toronto General "},{"startTime":318.3,"endTime":325.38,"body":"Hospital Training School, addressed the need for  "},{"startTime":325.38,"endTime":333.3,"body":"educational reform and spoke passionately about "},{"startTime":325.38,"endTime":333.3,"body":"the hypocrisy of nursing training. In her words: "},{"startTime":362.52,"endTime":369.66,"body":"At the same convention, Isabel Hampton, now "},{"startTime":362.52,"endTime":369.66,"body":"Mrs. Hampton Robb, presented the radical idea  "},{"startTime":369.66,"endTime":376.2,"body":"that nursing training should be extended to "},{"startTime":369.66,"endTime":376.2,"body":"three years from the traditional two years and  "},{"startTime":376.2,"endTime":383.52,"body":"that student nurse daily practical work should "},{"startTime":376.2,"endTime":383.52,"body":"be reduced to eight hours a day. In her words: "},{"startTime":409.92,"endTime":416.22,"body":"These radical reformers had the foresight to "},{"startTime":409.92,"endTime":416.22,"body":"challenge conventional beliefs about how women  "},{"startTime":416.22,"endTime":422.88,"body":"work and are educated. They paved the way "},{"startTime":416.22,"endTime":422.88,"body":"for standardization in nursing education.  "},{"startTime":423.66,"endTime":430.68,"body":"In part two, we will explore the changes "},{"startTime":423.66,"endTime":430.68,"body":"that occurred rapidly within the next decade.  "},{"startTime":431.58,"endTime":437.88,"body":"And so the Saga continues and "},{"startTime":431.58,"endTime":437.88,"body":"may our Saga continue as we bring  "},{"startTime":437.88,"endTime":444.6,"body":"to a close this episode of Nursing EDge "},{"startTime":437.88,"endTime":444.6,"body":"Unscripted Saga. Thank you for joining us"}]}