{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":36.72,"endTime":42.6,"body":"Welcome to this episode of Nursing EDge "},{"startTime":36.72,"endTime":42.6,"body":"Unscripted Saga where we journey through  "},{"startTime":42.6,"endTime":47.22,"body":"the history of nursing education using "},{"startTime":42.6,"endTime":47.22,"body":"stories that connect the past to the  "},{"startTime":47.22,"endTime":52.38,"body":"present and then our future as we reimagine "},{"startTime":47.22,"endTime":52.38,"body":"our teaching, learning, and scholarship.  "},{"startTime":53.34,"endTime":60.42,"body":"It is often said that the past teaches us about "},{"startTime":53.34,"endTime":60.42,"body":"the present to study history is to study change,  "},{"startTime":60.42,"endTime":68.04,"body":"This year Saga gives voice to nursing through the "},{"startTime":60.42,"endTime":68.04,"body":"words of our early nurse leaders who organized a  "},{"startTime":68.04,"endTime":74.7,"body":"discipline and carved out systems to formalize the "},{"startTime":68.04,"endTime":74.7,"body":"education of nurses throughout the United States.  "},{"startTime":75.6,"endTime":82.68,"body":"\"In Their Own Words\" illuminates the visionary "},{"startTime":75.6,"endTime":82.68,"body":"work of NLN pathfinders who questioned traditional  "},{"startTime":82.68,"endTime":88.68,"body":"curriculum paradigms and, in the process, "},{"startTime":82.68,"endTime":88.68,"body":"co-created standards for nursing education  "},{"startTime":88.68,"endTime":97.02,"body":"to build the discipline of nursing. Last month, "},{"startTime":88.68,"endTime":97.02,"body":"we described accomplishments to reform nursing  "},{"startTime":97.02,"endTime":104.76,"body":"education during the first decade of organized "},{"startTime":97.02,"endTime":104.76,"body":"nursing from 1893 to 1900, with the origin  "},{"startTime":104.76,"endTime":110.88,"body":"of the American Society of Superintendents of "},{"startTime":104.76,"endTime":110.88,"body":"Training Schools for Nurses, termed the Society.  "},{"startTime":111.9,"endTime":118.5,"body":"You might find it helpful to go back and listen "},{"startTime":111.9,"endTime":118.5,"body":"to parts one and two of the Evolution of Nursing  "},{"startTime":118.5,"endTime":126.78,"body":"Curriculum in our earlier Saga series this year. "},{"startTime":118.5,"endTime":126.78,"body":"Part three now will focus on the establishment of  "},{"startTime":126.78,"endTime":132.48,"body":"curriculum standards and nursing education's "},{"startTime":126.78,"endTime":132.48,"body":"transformative move to higher education.  "},{"startTime":133.68,"endTime":139.2,"body":"And like parts one and two, we will tell the "},{"startTime":133.68,"endTime":139.2,"body":"story through the words of nursing education's  "},{"startTime":139.2,"endTime":149.34,"body":"early leaders documented from the proceedings "},{"startTime":139.2,"endTime":149.34,"body":"of NLN annual conventions from 1893 to 1952.  "},{"startTime":149.34,"endTime":154.74,"body":"These publications are part of the NLN "},{"startTime":149.34,"endTime":154.74,"body":"Archives Collection currently housed  "},{"startTime":154.74,"endTime":158.82,"body":"at the Bates Center for the History of "},{"startTime":154.74,"endTime":158.82,"body":"Nursing at the University of Pennsylvania.  "},{"startTime":160.44,"endTime":166.74,"body":"By the turn of the 20th century, new nursing "},{"startTime":160.44,"endTime":166.74,"body":"specialties were emerging and leaders of the  "},{"startTime":166.74,"endTime":172.38,"body":"Society daringly spoke out about the need "},{"startTime":166.74,"endTime":172.38,"body":"to embrace a broader understanding of the  "},{"startTime":172.38,"endTime":179.76,"body":"nurse's role. As early as 1900, at the sixth "},{"startTime":172.38,"endTime":179.76,"body":"annual meeting of the Society in New York,  "},{"startTime":179.76,"endTime":187.2,"body":"Lillian Wald introduced the idea that civic reform "},{"startTime":179.76,"endTime":187.2,"body":"and community-based care were integral to the  "},{"startTime":187.2,"endTime":194.94,"body":"nursing role. This was revolutionary as nursing "},{"startTime":187.2,"endTime":194.94,"body":"at the time was confined to private duty care or  "},{"startTime":194.94,"endTime":203.64,"body":"skill-based employment in hospitals. In 1920, at "},{"startTime":194.94,"endTime":203.64,"body":"the 26th annual meeting of the National League of  "},{"startTime":203.64,"endTime":212.16,"body":"Nursing Education or NLNE, the new name for the "},{"startTime":203.64,"endTime":212.16,"body":"Society, S. Lillian Clayton was more specific  "},{"startTime":212.16,"endTime":218.46,"body":"about the emerging role of the community health "},{"startTime":212.16,"endTime":218.46,"body":"nurse as clinician, scientist, and educator:  "},{"startTime":263.34,"endTime":271.02,"body":"A second specialty which garnered thought and  "},{"startTime":271.02,"endTime":278.52,"body":"discussion at the annual meetings of the NLNE"},{"startTime":271.02,"endTime":278.52,"body":"was the value of mental health training. There  "},{"startTime":278.52,"endTime":285.24,"body":"was a continuing debate about whether mental work, "},{"startTime":278.52,"endTime":285.24,"body":"as the term was used, should be relegated solely  "},{"startTime":285.24,"endTime":291.54,"body":"to the state hospitals or if mental work belonged "},{"startTime":285.24,"endTime":291.54,"body":"as part of the hospital-based nursing curriculum.  "},{"startTime":292.44,"endTime":301.74,"body":"In 1916, at the 22nd annual meeting Effie Taylor "},{"startTime":292.44,"endTime":301.74,"body":"from Johns Hopkins University provided a keynote  "},{"startTime":301.74,"endTime":308.7,"body":"presentation that galvanized the superintendents "},{"startTime":301.74,"endTime":308.7,"body":"to add mental work to the general curriculum. In  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":342.6,"endTime":351.42,"body":"From 1912 to 1917,  M. Adelaide Nutting led the "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":342.6,"endTime":351.42,"body":"education committee of the Society and the NLNE"},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":351.42,"endTime":358.68,"body":"to develop and disseminate a national atandard "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":351.42,"endTime":358.68,"body":"curriculum to include not only skills training and  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":358.68,"endTime":365.4,"body":"general knowledge requirements, but to incorporate "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":358.68,"endTime":365.4,"body":"the specialty content of community and mental  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":365.4,"endTime":373.38,"body":"health nursing. The 1917 standard curriculum "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":365.4,"endTime":373.38,"body":"succeeded in regulating national curricula;  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":374.28,"endTime":380.94,"body":"it was a heroic effort by the NLNE to provide "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":374.28,"endTime":380.94,"body":"direction for balancing theory and practice.  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":380.94,"endTime":391.5,"body":"It would be revised in 1927. By 1937, the NLNE"},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":380.94,"endTime":391.5,"body":"decided to publish curriculum guidelines rather  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":391.5,"endTime":398.58,"body":"than standards to encourage more flexibility "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":391.5,"endTime":398.58,"body":"for training schools. This was a turning point.  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":399.3,"endTime":405.0,"body":"The NLNE determined that it was not the "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":399.3,"endTime":405.0,"body":"role of the organization to establish  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":405.0,"endTime":412.14,"body":"a structured universal curriculum. Rather they "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":405.0,"endTime":412.14,"body":"would provide recommendations to offer schools  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":412.14,"endTime":418.44,"body":"the opportunity to innovate and experiment "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":412.14,"endTime":418.44,"body":"with content delivery and teaching strategies.  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":419.52,"endTime":426.78,"body":"Within a half a century, the Society, and now the "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":419.52,"endTime":426.78,"body":"National League of Nursing Education, had built a  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":426.78,"endTime":433.5,"body":"curriculum framework to bring consistency and "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":426.78,"endTime":433.5,"body":"rigor to training schools, a monumental task.  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":434.04,"endTime":440.28,"body":"This growth was remarkable and transformative "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":434.04,"endTime":440.28,"body":"and paved the way for the teachers in the  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":440.28,"endTime":446.52,"body":"training schools to understand the breadth "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":440.28,"endTime":446.52,"body":"and depth of suggested content more fully  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":446.52,"endTime":455.28,"body":"and to recognize the need to be informed by "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":446.52,"endTime":455.28,"body":"practice changes. In part four, we will explore  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":455.28,"endTime":460.14,"body":"further expansion of nursing curricula as "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":455.28,"endTime":460.14,"body":"the National League of Nursing Education  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":460.14,"endTime":467.58,"body":"endeavored to find a pathway to university "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":460.14,"endTime":467.58,"body":"education and blend training with science."},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":470.58,"endTime":477.42,"body":"And so the Saga continues, and may our Saga "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":470.58,"endTime":477.42,"body":"continue as we bring to a close this episode  "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":477.42,"endTime":485.04,"body":"of Nursing Edge Unscripted Saga. Thank you "},{"speaker":"her words","startTime":477.42,"endTime":485.04,"body":"for joining us"}]}