{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":36.64,"endTime":44.88,"body":"Welcome to this episode of the NLN podcast Nursing "},{"startTime":36.64,"endTime":44.88,"body":"Edge Unscripted. I am the host of today's episode.  "},{"startTime":44.88,"endTime":51.12,"body":"I'm Raquel Bertiz and co-hosting with me is Dr. "},{"startTime":44.88,"endTime":51.12,"body":"Kellie Bryant and we're both from the National  "},{"startTime":51.12,"endTime":57.52,"body":"League for Nursing. In this episode we will "},{"startTime":51.12,"endTime":57.52,"body":"discuss generative AI in teaching and learning,  "},{"startTime":57.52,"endTime":65.76,"body":"specifically ChatGPT. Our guest today is Dr. "},{"startTime":57.52,"endTime":65.76,"body":"Rachel Cox Simms. She is an assistant professor  "},{"startTime":65.76,"endTime":72.56,"body":"at the MGH Institute for Health Professions "},{"startTime":65.76,"endTime":72.56,"body":"School of Nursing in Boston and she had  "},{"startTime":72.56,"endTime":79.36,"body":"completed interesting projects in AI published "},{"startTime":72.56,"endTime":79.36,"body":"them also in various peer reviewed journals. She  "},{"startTime":79.36,"endTime":87.36,"body":"is also completing her PhD in health professions "},{"startTime":79.36,"endTime":87.36,"body":"education at the same institution. I therefore  "},{"startTime":87.36,"endTime":94.96,"body":"welcome Rachel or Dr. Cox Simms. Thank you for "},{"startTime":87.36,"endTime":94.96,"body":"joining us. Thank you both for having me today.  "},{"startTime":94.96,"endTime":100.08,"body":"So excited to talk about those are really exciting "},{"startTime":94.96,"endTime":100.08,"body":"topics something near and dear to my heart and my  "},{"startTime":100.08,"endTime":106.0,"body":"everyday life. So I'm very excited to discuss this "},{"startTime":100.08,"endTime":106.0,"body":"with you both. Okay. Yeah. And I cannot wait to  "},{"startTime":106.0,"endTime":113.92,"body":"get this conversation going. So let me ask you the "},{"startTime":106.0,"endTime":113.92,"body":"first question. So what research projects have you  "},{"startTime":113.92,"endTime":122.48,"body":"done in AI and what led you to do this projects? "},{"startTime":113.92,"endTime":122.48,"body":"I'm curious about that. Great question. So let's  "},{"startTime":122.48,"endTime":128.32,"body":"talk about what led me here first. So honestly, "},{"startTime":122.48,"endTime":128.32,"body":"what led me here was I felt like survival. I  "},{"startTime":128.32,"endTime":133.36,"body":"was pregnant, exhausted, and trying to figure "},{"startTime":128.32,"endTime":133.36,"body":"out how to streamline my academic life and my  "},{"startTime":133.36,"endTime":139.44,"body":"career before a little tiny human arrived and took "},{"startTime":133.36,"endTime":139.44,"body":"over my life. I have a brother who's a computer  "},{"startTime":139.44,"endTime":144.64,"body":"scientist very excited about AI. He like sent "},{"startTime":139.44,"endTime":144.64,"body":"me a message saying \"This is really cool, check  "},{"startTime":144.64,"endTime":150.08,"body":"it out.\" So I started testing AI tools to see if "},{"startTime":144.64,"endTime":150.08,"body":"there's anything I could use to help lighten my  "},{"startTime":150.08,"endTime":157.68,"body":"load or be more creative and just take some things "},{"startTime":150.08,"endTime":157.68,"body":"off my plate. And as it turns out, ChatGPT was a  "},{"startTime":157.68,"endTime":162.32,"body":"fantastic tool. I didn't need sleep or snacks "},{"startTime":157.68,"endTime":162.32,"body":"or maternity leave. So it was a win-win. It was  "},{"startTime":162.32,"endTime":167.92,"body":"a very helpful tool. It helped me balance a lot "},{"startTime":162.32,"endTime":167.92,"body":"that I had going on at the time and it was really  "},{"startTime":167.92,"endTime":175.52,"body":"exciting to see everything it could do. So that's "},{"startTime":167.92,"endTime":175.52,"body":"how I started with it is just sheer need and then  "},{"startTime":175.52,"endTime":181.04,"body":"I kind of ran with it. It started with doing "},{"startTime":175.52,"endTime":181.04,"body":"some research studies and comparing the quality  "},{"startTime":181.04,"endTime":188.88,"body":"of NCLEX questions created by ChatGPT with those "},{"startTime":181.04,"endTime":188.88,"body":"created by human experts educators. And from there  "},{"startTime":188.88,"endTime":194.4,"body":"moved on to designing assignments that work with "},{"startTime":188.88,"endTime":194.4,"body":"AI instead of against it. Think things like case  "},{"startTime":194.4,"endTime":201.2,"body":"studies quizzes, tasks where we can use ChatGPT to "},{"startTime":194.4,"endTime":201.2,"body":"actually improve learning rather than shortcut it.  "},{"startTime":201.2,"endTime":206.88,"body":"So think about how we can use its weaknesses, the "},{"startTime":201.2,"endTime":206.88,"body":"fact that it makes things up. It's not a perfect  "},{"startTime":206.88,"endTime":212.24,"body":"tool. Use it to help our students learn and think "},{"startTime":206.88,"endTime":212.24,"body":"critically and then I've got lots of other things  "},{"startTime":212.24,"endTime":218.48,"body":"going on in class. Things like custom GPTs for "},{"startTime":212.24,"endTime":218.48,"body":"for my pharmacology course and comparing different  "},{"startTime":218.48,"endTime":226.96,"body":"AI platforms. So definitely a lot of irons in the "},{"startTime":218.48,"endTime":226.96,"body":"fire right now. Yeah, I actually saw a most recent  "},{"startTime":226.96,"endTime":237.12,"body":"article of yours and it's really the call for "},{"startTime":226.96,"endTime":237.12,"body":"AI literacy for nursing educators or in general  "},{"startTime":237.12,"endTime":246.0,"body":"nursing education. So I was thinking that's kind "},{"startTime":237.12,"endTime":246.0,"body":"of like, oh, pushing this forward. So what was  "},{"startTime":246.0,"endTime":252.96,"body":"that all about if you can like expand a little bit "},{"startTime":246.0,"endTime":252.96,"body":"on that the call? Absolutely. So I think that AI  "},{"startTime":252.96,"endTime":258.0,"body":"is going to become more prevalent in education "},{"startTime":252.96,"endTime":258.0,"body":"as time goes on. It's going to be I think baked  "},{"startTime":258.0,"endTime":263.04,"body":"in to some degree as like an assistant, something "},{"startTime":258.0,"endTime":263.04,"body":"like autocorrect, something we use without a lot  "},{"startTime":263.04,"endTime":270.16,"body":"of thought. However, as these tools become more "},{"startTime":263.04,"endTime":270.16,"body":"prevalent we have to retain our critical thinking  "},{"startTime":270.16,"endTime":275.12,"body":"clinical judgment. I think these tools are going "},{"startTime":270.16,"endTime":275.12,"body":"to be integrated into clinical practice. We're  "},{"startTime":275.12,"endTime":279.52,"body":"already seeing them being used in hospital "},{"startTime":275.12,"endTime":279.52,"body":"settings to help take notes, coding, billing  "},{"startTime":279.52,"endTime":285.52,"body":"things like that. So our students are going to be "},{"startTime":279.52,"endTime":285.52,"body":"stepping into a world a future where health care  "},{"startTime":285.52,"endTime":292.32,"body":"and AI are completely intertwined. So I believe "},{"startTime":285.52,"endTime":292.32,"body":"that generative AI literacy for both faculty and  "},{"startTime":292.32,"endTime":297.84,"body":"students isn't just helpful, it's crucial. We "},{"startTime":292.32,"endTime":297.84,"body":"want to prepare students not just for exams but  "},{"startTime":297.84,"endTime":303.44,"body":"for the like health care system that's evolving "},{"startTime":297.84,"endTime":303.44,"body":"in real time. Our students need the skills and  "},{"startTime":303.44,"endTime":309.44,"body":"the critical thinking not just to use these tools "},{"startTime":303.44,"endTime":309.44,"body":"but to critically examine them their outputs and  "},{"startTime":309.44,"endTime":314.48,"body":"use them safely ethically. And it starts with us "},{"startTime":309.44,"endTime":314.48,"body":"as educators making sure that we understand even  "},{"startTime":314.48,"endTime":319.6,"body":"if we don't love it. Not everybody has to love "},{"startTime":314.48,"endTime":319.6,"body":"it. Not everybody has to use it. But knowing it's  "},{"startTime":319.6,"endTime":326.72,"body":"good and bad and making sure we explain that "},{"startTime":319.6,"endTime":326.72,"body":"to students in context is really important.  "},{"startTime":326.72,"endTime":330.88,"body":"That is great. And again, I also read quite a "},{"startTime":326.72,"endTime":330.88,"body":"few of your articles and I found them really,  "},{"startTime":330.88,"endTime":335.44,"body":"really insightful because they're, like you "},{"startTime":330.88,"endTime":335.44,"body":"said, there's a lot of educators out there who,  "},{"startTime":335.44,"endTime":339.84,"body":"you know, you have the gamut. You have some who "},{"startTime":335.44,"endTime":339.84,"body":"are novices who have never used it or a little  "},{"startTime":339.84,"endTime":344.32,"body":"bit worried about using it and you have some "},{"startTime":339.84,"endTime":344.32,"body":"people who just dive right in and pushing it to  "},{"startTime":344.32,"endTime":350.16,"body":"the limits and seeing you know what other ways it "},{"startTime":344.32,"endTime":350.16,"body":"can make their life a lot easier, more efficient.  "},{"startTime":350.16,"endTime":354.96,"body":"You just mentioned though that it's not perfect. "},{"startTime":350.16,"endTime":354.96,"body":"And I was wondering if you can expand on what  "},{"startTime":354.96,"endTime":361.04,"body":"are some of the challenges and and obstacles that "},{"startTime":354.96,"endTime":361.04,"body":"you see when it comes to faculty incorporating AI  "},{"startTime":361.04,"endTime":367.28,"body":"into the nursing curriculum? Absolutely. So "},{"startTime":361.04,"endTime":367.28,"body":"like any tool there are pros and cons. Like  "},{"startTime":367.28,"endTime":371.92,"body":"any medication, I teach pharmacology, I'm always "},{"startTime":367.28,"endTime":371.92,"body":"talking about risks and benefits. And this is a  "},{"startTime":371.92,"endTime":376.56,"body":"tool just like anything else. There are risks and "},{"startTime":371.92,"endTime":376.56,"body":"benefits. One of the big risks right now is that  "},{"startTime":376.56,"endTime":383.68,"body":"AI produces factually incorrect information and "},{"startTime":376.56,"endTime":383.68,"body":"it does so very confidently. It can fool even if  "},{"startTime":383.68,"endTime":388.4,"body":"you're not being careful. It can fool you into "},{"startTime":383.68,"endTime":388.4,"body":"believing something that is absolutely not true.  "},{"startTime":388.4,"endTime":397.28,"body":"But it sounds really good. It sounds great. So we "},{"startTime":388.4,"endTime":397.28,"body":"have to be aware of the fact that these tools can  "},{"startTime":397.28,"endTime":404.32,"body":"provide unreliable, inaccurate, or even biased "},{"startTime":397.28,"endTime":404.32,"body":"information. So it's our job as faculty to use  "},{"startTime":404.32,"endTime":411.52,"body":"our expertise. We know a lot and it's our job to "},{"startTime":404.32,"endTime":411.52,"body":"use our expertise to carefully look at what AI  "},{"startTime":411.52,"endTime":418.72,"body":"creates. Keep what's good, reject what's bad, and "},{"startTime":411.52,"endTime":418.72,"body":"then use that to help students. One of my favorite  "},{"startTime":418.72,"endTime":425.12,"body":"things to do is have students use AI to generate "},{"startTime":418.72,"endTime":425.12,"body":"practice questions. I give them some guidelines on  "},{"startTime":425.12,"endTime":430.88,"body":"how to create them and then I make them factcheck "},{"startTime":425.12,"endTime":430.88,"body":"those practice questions they create. Is it a good  "},{"startTime":430.88,"endTime":435.92,"body":"question? Is it like something you'd see on the "},{"startTime":430.88,"endTime":435.92,"body":"test? Was the answer correct? Was the rationale  "},{"startTime":435.92,"endTime":441.28,"body":"right? And then I ask them to site their source "},{"startTime":435.92,"endTime":441.28,"body":"from the book or my slides. And then at the end,  "},{"startTime":441.28,"endTime":446.32,"body":"just to make sure they did it correctly, I "},{"startTime":441.28,"endTime":446.32,"body":"have them submit their transcript. ChatGPT  "},{"startTime":446.32,"endTime":451.92,"body":"can allow students to basically copy their entire "},{"startTime":446.32,"endTime":451.92,"body":"conversation and share it with me. So I can look  "},{"startTime":451.92,"endTime":456.56,"body":"to make sure that they're using it correctly and "},{"startTime":451.92,"endTime":456.56,"body":"wisely and give them advice to guide them towards  "},{"startTime":456.56,"endTime":463.36,"body":"better use. So right now it's not a perfect tool, "},{"startTime":456.56,"endTime":463.36,"body":"but I like to harness its weakness as a learning  "},{"startTime":463.36,"endTime":468.72,"body":"strength for students. Not only am I teaching "},{"startTime":463.36,"endTime":468.72,"body":"them about AI and how to use it safely and wisely,  "},{"startTime":468.72,"endTime":474.08,"body":"I'm strengthening their critical thinking skills "},{"startTime":468.72,"endTime":474.08,"body":"having them look at text look for bias look for  "},{"startTime":474.08,"endTime":480.0,"body":"factual inaccuracies and then correct it. Think "},{"startTime":474.08,"endTime":480.0,"body":"bigger than just memorizing. We're not just  "},{"startTime":480.0,"endTime":484.16,"body":"memorizing wrote memorization. We're thinking "},{"startTime":480.0,"endTime":484.16,"body":"about things. And I think it's going to help  "},{"startTime":484.16,"endTime":488.88,"body":"potentially make students stronger test takers "},{"startTime":484.16,"endTime":488.88,"body":"if they understand even the questions better.  "},{"startTime":488.88,"endTime":498.32,"body":"So a lot of opportunity there. Yeah. So I think "},{"startTime":488.88,"endTime":498.32,"body":"that you really kind of like touched on several  "},{"startTime":498.32,"endTime":507.36,"body":"challenges there and at the same time advantages "},{"startTime":498.32,"endTime":507.36,"body":"of utilizing the technology that we have right  "},{"startTime":507.36,"endTime":518.0,"body":"now, which is AI. So for example, I heard you say "},{"startTime":507.36,"endTime":518.0,"body":"oh, it's going to make them stronger test takers.  "},{"startTime":518.0,"endTime":525.84,"body":"So and I know that you mentioned earlier that you "},{"startTime":518.0,"endTime":525.84,"body":"did a particular study on writing test questions.  "},{"startTime":525.84,"endTime":533.68,"body":"So can you kind of like share a little bit of "},{"startTime":525.84,"endTime":533.68,"body":"like what surprised you if any from that study  "},{"startTime":533.68,"endTime":541.52,"body":"because I found that very interesting. Absolutely. "},{"startTime":533.68,"endTime":541.52,"body":"So one of one thing that students like a lot,  "},{"startTime":541.52,"endTime":545.52,"body":"for anybody who teaches in nursing education, you "},{"startTime":541.52,"endTime":545.52,"body":"know students love practice questions. They're  "},{"startTime":545.52,"endTime":549.84,"body":"always asking for more and more practice questions "},{"startTime":545.52,"endTime":549.84,"body":"because that's a great way to learn how to take a  "},{"startTime":549.84,"endTime":555.28,"body":"test. And I'm always coming up short. I never feel "},{"startTime":549.84,"endTime":555.28,"body":"like I have enough practice questions. I started  "},{"startTime":555.28,"endTime":560.56,"body":"using ChatGPT to create custom practice questions "},{"startTime":555.28,"endTime":560.56,"body":"for students based on things they were struggling  "},{"startTime":560.56,"endTime":565.6,"body":"with. And I found they were actually really good, "},{"startTime":560.56,"endTime":565.6,"body":"a really great jumping off point. So I teamed up  "},{"startTime":565.6,"endTime":571.68,"body":"with some other faculty at the school at the IHP "},{"startTime":565.6,"endTime":571.68,"body":"and what we did is we did a comparative study.  "},{"startTime":571.68,"endTime":577.76,"body":"We used ChatGPT to create practice questions "},{"startTime":571.68,"endTime":577.76,"body":"and then we paired them with human generated  "},{"startTime":577.76,"endTime":583.6,"body":"questions .So same topic different questions and "},{"startTime":577.76,"endTime":583.6,"body":"we coupled them together. We then sent out these  "},{"startTime":583.6,"endTime":589.28,"body":"questions to faculty really all over New England. "},{"startTime":583.6,"endTime":589.28,"body":"It was a New England-based study and we had them  "},{"startTime":589.28,"endTime":594.24,"body":"evaluate these two questions not knowing that "},{"startTime":589.28,"endTime":594.24,"body":"we're comparing AI or human, but we wanted to  "},{"startTime":594.24,"endTime":600.88,"body":"know did you like the questions, how clear were "},{"startTime":594.24,"endTime":600.88,"body":"they, correct were the distractors good, was there  "},{"startTime":600.88,"endTime":606.72,"body":"any bias? So we had them evaluate all of these "},{"startTime":600.88,"endTime":606.72,"body":"questions, 20 in total, and then we compared the  "},{"startTime":606.72,"endTime":612.96,"body":"human the scores on the human-based questions with "},{"startTime":606.72,"endTime":612.96,"body":"those created by the AI. Interestingly enough,  "},{"startTime":612.96,"endTime":619.6,"body":"we found that the scores were almost identical "},{"startTime":612.96,"endTime":619.6,"body":"or very statistically similar. We found that the  "},{"startTime":619.6,"endTime":627.76,"body":"questions created by AI did not necessarily score "},{"startTime":619.6,"endTime":627.76,"body":"better or worse than those created by humans,  "},{"startTime":627.76,"endTime":633.6,"body":"but we did find that there was a slight preference "},{"startTime":627.76,"endTime":633.6,"body":"towards more of the AI questions than the humans.  "},{"startTime":633.6,"endTime":639.84,"body":"So several of the AI questions were preferred, "},{"startTime":633.6,"endTime":639.84,"body":"but we did find that the human created questions  "},{"startTime":639.84,"endTime":646.08,"body":"were maybe a little bit harder, but the hard the "},{"startTime":639.84,"endTime":646.08,"body":"degree of difficulty and the preference were not  "},{"startTime":646.08,"endTime":650.56,"body":"the same. So it's not like we preferred the harder "},{"startTime":646.08,"endTime":650.56,"body":"over the easier or anything like that. So we found  "},{"startTime":650.56,"endTime":656.64,"body":"that the questions were pretty similar. And this "},{"startTime":650.56,"endTime":656.64,"body":"was back in 2023 with ChatGPT's original model.  "},{"startTime":656.64,"endTime":660.8,"body":"So things, a lot has changed since then. It's "},{"startTime":656.64,"endTime":660.8,"body":"been a few years, but we found that even the more  "},{"startTime":660.8,"endTime":666.48,"body":"primitive ChatGPT was able to create some really "},{"startTime":660.8,"endTime":666.48,"body":"great questions. It's a lot of opportunity for  "},{"startTime":666.48,"endTime":671.36,"body":"us as educators. We know how hard it is to write "},{"startTime":666.48,"endTime":671.36,"body":"a good question, to write lots of good questions  "},{"startTime":671.36,"endTime":676.0,"body":"over and over and over again. And we care about "},{"startTime":671.36,"endTime":676.0,"body":"integrity of our exams. We don't want to always be  "},{"startTime":676.0,"endTime":682.0,"body":"reusing questions. So we see this as a potential "},{"startTime":676.0,"endTime":682.0,"body":"avenue to help stimulate ideas for questions,  "},{"startTime":682.0,"endTime":686.56,"body":"generate new questions, mix it up on your exams. "},{"startTime":682.0,"endTime":686.56,"body":"You know, make sure that we're always giving our  "},{"startTime":686.56,"endTime":692.88,"body":"students up-to-date fresh questions and "},{"startTime":686.56,"endTime":692.88,"body":"keeping them challenged and engaged. And"},{"startTime":692.88,"endTime":699.84,"body":"I can imagine our learners are writing exams "},{"startTime":692.88,"endTime":699.84,"body":"for themselves as well, right, if they learn  "},{"startTime":699.84,"endTime":706.88,"body":"how to do prompts or prompt engineering of "},{"startTime":699.84,"endTime":706.88,"body":"their own learning. And I think that's great,  "},{"startTime":706.88,"endTime":716.08,"body":"but that brings back the point of you to say human "},{"startTime":706.88,"endTime":716.08,"body":"oversight over the teaching and learning processes  "},{"startTime":716.08,"endTime":723.68,"body":"and if nurse educators, human nurse educators "},{"startTime":716.08,"endTime":723.68,"body":"have been creating more difficult questions. So  "},{"startTime":723.68,"endTime":731.68,"body":"that brings me back to how ... how will we make "},{"startTime":723.68,"endTime":731.68,"body":"sure that these questions actually align to the  "},{"startTime":731.68,"endTime":738.32,"body":"level of learning that we would like to have our "},{"startTime":731.68,"endTime":738.32,"body":"students achieve? Although, like at this point,  "},{"startTime":738.32,"endTime":747.2,"body":"like you said, we're now at 4.5 or or even "},{"startTime":738.32,"endTime":747.2,"body":"higher, maybe ChatGPT can do that also. So to me,  "},{"startTime":747.2,"endTime":753.84,"body":"that's really just interesting to see all of "},{"startTime":747.2,"endTime":753.84,"body":"these changes happen over time. Absolutely I  "},{"startTime":753.84,"endTime":759.84,"body":"think there's a lot of avenue for future research "},{"startTime":753.84,"endTime":759.84,"body":"discovery comparisons. There's other platforms now  "},{"startTime":759.84,"endTime":766.48,"body":"other than just ChatGPT. There are a lot of really "},{"startTime":759.84,"endTime":766.48,"body":"other great platforms who are probably capable of  "},{"startTime":766.48,"endTime":771.2,"body":"creating other great questions as well. I think "},{"startTime":766.48,"endTime":771.2,"body":"we're going to probably look towards a future  "},{"startTime":771.2,"endTime":777.28,"body":"where maybe an AI is even customized towards "},{"startTime":771.2,"endTime":777.28,"body":"health care nursing even creating and learning  "},{"startTime":777.28,"endTime":782.8,"body":"and training on content specific and relevant to "},{"startTime":777.28,"endTime":782.8,"body":"us. Maybe that could even enhance our ability to  "},{"startTime":782.8,"endTime":788.32,"body":"create resources, materials, assignments for our "},{"startTime":782.8,"endTime":788.32,"body":"students to help them, you know, learn in this new  "},{"startTime":788.32,"endTime":794.16,"body":"AI-driven world. Because one of the concerns for "},{"startTime":788.32,"endTime":794.16,"body":"nurse educators is that students are going to use  "},{"startTime":794.16,"endTime":798.16,"body":"AI for everything and it's going to decrease "},{"startTime":794.16,"endTime":798.16,"body":"their critical thinking skills and that you  "},{"startTime":798.16,"endTime":801.76,"body":"know if we give them simple questions such as "},{"startTime":798.16,"endTime":801.76,"body":"fill-in- the blank or multiple choice they're  "},{"startTime":801.76,"endTime":806.56,"body":"just going to put in a ChatGPT and get the answer "},{"startTime":801.76,"endTime":806.56,"body":"and not really. you know. think about the answer  "},{"startTime":806.56,"endTime":811.44,"body":"themselves and just kind of use it to spit out the "},{"startTime":806.56,"endTime":811.44,"body":"answer. So you brought up a good point and a great  "},{"startTime":811.44,"endTime":818.32,"body":"example of how you can as a nurse educator use "},{"startTime":811.44,"endTime":818.32,"body":"generative AI to create assignments where you're  "},{"startTime":818.32,"endTime":823.52,"body":"embracing using generative AI and because it's "},{"startTime":818.32,"endTime":823.52,"body":"not going anywhere. So I'm just curious if there  "},{"startTime":823.52,"endTime":830.24,"body":"are any other examples of assignments that nurse "},{"startTime":823.52,"endTime":830.24,"body":"educators can adopt that will help the student  "},{"startTime":830.24,"endTime":834.64,"body":"number one teach them the AI literacy skills "},{"startTime":830.24,"endTime":834.64,"body":"that they need and competencies but also create  "},{"startTime":834.64,"endTime":839.2,"body":"a meaningful assignment like the one. the example "},{"startTime":834.64,"endTime":839.2,"body":"that you gave of writing NCLEX. Do you have any  "},{"startTime":839.2,"endTime":844.88,"body":"other examples for our nurse educators out there "},{"startTime":839.2,"endTime":844.88,"body":"and how they can use generative AI in their  "},{"startTime":844.88,"endTime":853.92,"body":"assessments and their assignments? Absolutely. So "},{"startTime":844.88,"endTime":853.92,"body":"another really great opportunity for learning and  "},{"startTime":853.92,"endTime":860.96,"body":"exploration of AI is having AI generate patient "},{"startTime":853.92,"endTime":860.96,"body":"cases like case studies, so having students create  "},{"startTime":860.96,"endTime":867.44,"body":"case studies using generative AI. You know, have "},{"startTime":860.96,"endTime":867.44,"body":"them try to produce the best case study they can  "},{"startTime":867.44,"endTime":872.4,"body":"using iterative process to have them refine and "},{"startTime":867.44,"endTime":872.4,"body":"go back and edit their case study using generative  "},{"startTime":872.4,"endTime":880.32,"body":"AI. Always having them though site their sources "},{"startTime":872.4,"endTime":880.32,"body":"using the book, lecture slides, whatever resource  "},{"startTime":880.32,"endTime":885.12,"body":"you deem most appropriate for your class. Make "},{"startTime":880.32,"endTime":885.12,"body":"sure students are citing their work anyways but  "},{"startTime":885.12,"endTime":890.32,"body":"have them create case studies, unfolding case "},{"startTime":885.12,"endTime":890.32,"body":"studies, even ones that require them to think  "},{"startTime":890.32,"endTime":894.64,"body":"a little further ahead, something further than "},{"startTime":890.32,"endTime":894.64,"body":"AI could easily do. It could definitely be an  "},{"startTime":894.64,"endTime":899.76,"body":"assistant. I like to think of AI in this case as "},{"startTime":894.64,"endTime":899.76,"body":"almost like a scaffold of learning, something to  "},{"startTime":899.76,"endTime":905.6,"body":"support students as they think and grow and learn, "},{"startTime":899.76,"endTime":905.6,"body":"giving them a little bit of backup until they know  "},{"startTime":905.6,"endTime":910.96,"body":"everything or know as much as they can and create "},{"startTime":905.6,"endTime":910.96,"body":"great case studies. So using it as an assistant to  "},{"startTime":910.96,"endTime":916.0,"body":"create great case studies, helping them think "},{"startTime":910.96,"endTime":916.0,"body":"more about a clinical setting and about their  "},{"startTime":916.0,"endTime":923.36,"body":"patients in in real time. Also having students "},{"startTime":916.0,"endTime":923.36,"body":"interact with the AI like it's a patient. So ask  "},{"startTime":923.36,"endTime":930.32,"body":"the AI to be a patient and roleplay with the AI "},{"startTime":923.36,"endTime":930.32,"body":"and ultimately have them share their transcript  "},{"startTime":930.32,"endTime":935.04,"body":"with you from the AI so you can look and see "},{"startTime":930.32,"endTime":935.04,"body":"how they're using it and provide them feedback.  "},{"startTime":935.04,"endTime":939.84,"body":"One of I think the most important things though "},{"startTime":935.04,"endTime":939.84,"body":"is to ask students to provide a reflection at the  "},{"startTime":939.84,"endTime":944.48,"body":"end. Have them think reflectively about what they "},{"startTime":939.84,"endTime":944.48,"body":"did, what they liked, what they didn't like. Not  "},{"startTime":944.48,"endTime":949.04,"body":"something that's graded heavily but requires them "},{"startTime":944.48,"endTime":949.04,"body":"to kind of meaningly think about what they did,  "},{"startTime":949.04,"endTime":954.08,"body":"what they liked about it, what was incorrect, "},{"startTime":949.04,"endTime":954.08,"body":"what was correct and even have that, share that  "},{"startTime":954.08,"endTime":960.16,"body":"with their peers have a discussion about it. "},{"startTime":954.08,"endTime":960.16,"body":"All of that's a great way to kind of use it to  "},{"startTime":960.16,"endTime":966.08,"body":"learn and use it to learn about AI at the same "},{"startTime":960.16,"endTime":966.08,"body":"time. Those are great examples. Thank you. I  "},{"startTime":966.08,"endTime":975.52,"body":"know and to me, like listening to how you design or "},{"startTime":966.08,"endTime":975.52,"body":"integrate AI into those very specific assignments  "},{"startTime":975.52,"endTime":983.28,"body":"really reflect how you would still have to have "},{"startTime":975.52,"endTime":983.28,"body":"reflections in there, the value of self-reflection  "},{"startTime":983.28,"endTime":990.56,"body":"perhaps, and then giving your feedback to the "},{"startTime":983.28,"endTime":990.56,"body":"students is still an integral process of learning.  "},{"startTime":990.56,"endTime":998.8,"body":"And then looking at AI as the scaffold. Yeah I "},{"startTime":990.56,"endTime":998.8,"body":"I really like that example. So with with that  "},{"startTime":998.8,"endTime":1006.88,"body":"said, I'm curious about how it changed your "},{"startTime":998.8,"endTime":1006.88,"body":"your teaching practices or even the learning  "},{"startTime":1006.88,"endTime":1014.32,"body":"patterns of your students and how long have you "},{"startTime":1006.88,"endTime":1014.32,"body":"been doing this in your practice? That's a great  "},{"startTime":1014.32,"endTime":1022.88,"body":"question. So I have a lot of thoughts about it. So "},{"startTime":1014.32,"endTime":1022.88,"body":"I teach pharmacology primarily, which is generally  "},{"startTime":1022.88,"endTime":1029.84,"body":"an exam-heavy course. Truthfully, even before A,I I "},{"startTime":1022.88,"endTime":1029.84,"body":"didn't incorporate a lot of essays so there wasn't  "},{"startTime":1029.84,"endTime":1035.04,"body":"a huge impact on the types of assignments that I "},{"startTime":1029.84,"endTime":1035.04,"body":"gave. We still have in-person testing and I think  "},{"startTime":1035.04,"endTime":1040.48,"body":"that's really important, in person testing where "},{"startTime":1035.04,"endTime":1040.48,"body":"I can view my students. I can see their screens.  "},{"startTime":1040.48,"endTime":1045.76,"body":"I know what's going on. I know they're not using "},{"startTime":1040.48,"endTime":1045.76,"body":"AI. But for other assignments that I do in class,  "},{"startTime":1045.76,"endTime":1050.0,"body":"I tend to make them either low stakes or not "},{"startTime":1045.76,"endTime":1050.0,"body":"graded so that there isn't as much incentive  "},{"startTime":1050.0,"endTime":1055.52,"body":"to try to use the AI to cheat. We're using it as a "},{"startTime":1050.0,"endTime":1055.52,"body":"learning experience. We're doing it together. We're  "},{"startTime":1055.52,"endTime":1060.8,"body":"trying to meaningfully engage with the material "},{"startTime":1055.52,"endTime":1060.8,"body":"together. So there isn't that incentive to try  "},{"startTime":1060.8,"endTime":1066.32,"body":"to use that. I know this is a bigger challenge in "},{"startTime":1060.8,"endTime":1066.32,"body":"courses that use more assessments and assignments  "},{"startTime":1066.32,"endTime":1072.16,"body":"that are essay based or they get sent home with "},{"startTime":1066.32,"endTime":1072.16,"body":"assignments that they could easily cheat with  "},{"startTime":1072.16,"endTime":1078.08,"body":"or use generative AI unethically. And I think "},{"startTime":1072.16,"endTime":1078.08,"body":"that's a, it's a, it's a big barrier and it's a,  "},{"startTime":1078.08,"endTime":1084.56,"body":"it's a problem that we're going to have to try to "},{"startTime":1078.08,"endTime":1084.56,"body":"mitigate as time goes on. We know that AI checkers  "},{"startTime":1084.56,"endTime":1090.0,"body":"like through Turnitin aren't always the most "},{"startTime":1084.56,"endTime":1090.0,"body":"accurate. They can unfairly penalize especially  "},{"startTime":1090.0,"endTime":1094.56,"body":"students whose language, their first language "},{"startTime":1090.0,"endTime":1094.56,"body":"isn't English. We know that these AI checkers can  "},{"startTime":1094.56,"endTime":1101.2,"body":"unfairly like mark them as AI created material. So "},{"startTime":1094.56,"endTime":1101.2,"body":"I think we're going to have to be creative. I think  "},{"startTime":1101.2,"endTime":1107.6,"body":"it's going to require us to push a lot of our "},{"startTime":1101.2,"endTime":1107.6,"body":"work back in person on campus maybe even pencil  "},{"startTime":1107.6,"endTime":1112.08,"body":"and paper someday, which seems counterintuitive - "},{"startTime":1107.6,"endTime":1112.08,"body":"more technology and we're going back to pencil  "},{"startTime":1112.08,"endTime":1118.48,"body":"and paper! But I do think that if we are going "},{"startTime":1112.08,"endTime":1118.48,"body":"to be creating assessments and assignments that  "},{"startTime":1118.48,"endTime":1123.36,"body":"students could easily do with ChatGPT we're going "},{"startTime":1118.48,"endTime":1123.36,"body":"to have to be creative about it. It's going to be  "},{"startTime":1123.36,"endTime":1133.28,"body":"a challenge. Right and yes, so creativity and "},{"startTime":1123.36,"endTime":1133.28,"body":"still like it brings me back to your point of  "},{"startTime":1133.28,"endTime":1140.88,"body":"human oversight, right. The expertise of the nurse "},{"startTime":1133.28,"endTime":1140.88,"body":"educator there. Absolutely. Another quick thought  "},{"startTime":1140.88,"endTime":1147.76,"body":"is the idea of doing video assignments. So having "},{"startTime":1140.88,"endTime":1147.76,"body":"students create recordings and videos. Much more  "},{"startTime":1147.76,"endTime":1153.52,"body":"difficult to use an AI to complete that. So that's "},{"startTime":1147.76,"endTime":1153.52,"body":"another way I've seen nurse educators do this is  "},{"startTime":1153.52,"endTime":1160.24,"body":"have, either give their assignments via video or "},{"startTime":1153.52,"endTime":1160.24,"body":"have students create assignments that are videos  "},{"startTime":1160.24,"endTime":1165.84,"body":"which is a great way to see how your students are "},{"startTime":1160.24,"endTime":1165.84,"body":"engaging with the material. Yeah. And we've seen  "},{"startTime":1165.84,"endTime":1173.04,"body":"several articles of how students or learners "},{"startTime":1165.84,"endTime":1173.04,"body":"are responding to the use of AI or or their  "},{"startTime":1173.04,"endTime":1183.92,"body":"preferences. So based on your own experience, "},{"startTime":1173.04,"endTime":1183.92,"body":"how are your learners accepting or reacting to AI  "},{"startTime":1183.92,"endTime":1190.56,"body":"in their learning process. It's a great question. So "},{"startTime":1183.92,"endTime":1190.56,"body":"surprisingly, a lot of students at least say that  "},{"startTime":1190.56,"endTime":1197.28,"body":"they don't know anything about AI or have not "},{"startTime":1190.56,"endTime":1197.28,"body":"used it much yet, but for those who are using it  "},{"startTime":1197.28,"endTime":1202.24,"body":"are using it regularly. What I hear from students "},{"startTime":1197.28,"endTime":1202.24,"body":"is that they are using it to help them create  "},{"startTime":1202.24,"endTime":1209.04,"body":"study guides to explain concepts that they didn't "},{"startTime":1202.24,"endTime":1209.04,"body":"understand in class in a different way. You know,  "},{"startTime":1209.04,"endTime":1215.84,"body":"having AI kind of simplify things. Students use "},{"startTime":1209.04,"endTime":1215.84,"body":"it to create mnemonics. I know that's a popular  "},{"startTime":1215.84,"endTime":1221.28,"body":"way especially in a pharmacology class. Creating "},{"startTime":1215.84,"endTime":1221.28,"body":"mnemonics is often really important. I also  "},{"startTime":1221.28,"endTime":1227.92,"body":"know that students are using it to create practice "},{"startTime":1221.28,"endTime":1227.92,"body":"questions and you know other study suggestions to  "},{"startTime":1227.92,"endTime":1234.08,"body":"help them prepare for exams and interact and role "},{"startTime":1227.92,"endTime":1234.08,"body":"play with like almost stimulated patients using AI.  "},{"startTime":1234.08,"endTime":1239.28,"body":"So there's definitely some positive experiences "},{"startTime":1234.08,"endTime":1239.28,"body":"and it's interesting to see what creative things  "},{"startTime":1239.28,"endTime":1243.36,"body":"students will do with it. I know they're going "},{"startTime":1239.28,"endTime":1243.36,"body":"to do something great and interesting. For sure.  "},{"startTime":1243.36,"endTime":1247.76,"body":"There's a great article out there where it's "},{"startTime":1243.36,"endTime":1247.76,"body":"defining how the students use AI. In some ways,  "},{"startTime":1247.76,"endTime":1251.6,"body":"I think they're probably using it more than we "},{"startTime":1247.76,"endTime":1251.6,"body":"are as nurse educators. And all those wonderful  "},{"startTime":1251.6,"endTime":1258.08,"body":"ways that that you stated. I had a professor who "},{"startTime":1251.6,"endTime":1258.08,"body":"had a student who did very well on one of the  "},{"startTime":1258.08,"endTime":1262.16,"body":"exams. And so the professor talked to the student "},{"startTime":1258.08,"endTime":1262.16,"body":"say, \"Wow there was a big jump from your last exam  "},{"startTime":1262.16,"endTime":1267.28,"body":"and such an improvement in this exam. Like did you "},{"startTime":1262.16,"endTime":1267.28,"body":"change your study habits?\" And the answer was \"I  "},{"startTime":1267.28,"endTime":1272.16,"body":"used ChatGPT to help develop test questions.\" "},{"startTime":1267.28,"endTime":1272.16,"body":"And it proved to help because the student had  "},{"startTime":1272.16,"endTime":1276.56,"body":"a much higher grade and the professor was like, "},{"startTime":1272.16,"endTime":1276.56,"body":"\"Well that's great. You know if it worked and it  "},{"startTime":1276.56,"endTime":1283.04,"body":"helped you, you know, to get a higher grade, you "},{"startTime":1276.56,"endTime":1283.04,"body":"know very supportive of using it.\" Absolutely. I  "},{"startTime":1283.04,"endTime":1289.52,"body":"also have a student who reached out to me. She uses "},{"startTime":1283.04,"endTime":1289.52,"body":"an AI called NotebookLM to take basically research  "},{"startTime":1289.52,"endTime":1294.96,"body":"articles and turn them into a podcast. So the AI "},{"startTime":1289.52,"endTime":1294.96,"body":"reads the articles, summarizes it, and creates it in  "},{"startTime":1294.96,"endTime":1300.0,"body":"podcast form that she listens while she commutes "},{"startTime":1294.96,"endTime":1300.0,"body":"to campus. So she found herself keeping up with a  "},{"startTime":1300.0,"endTime":1304.16,"body":"lot of new things through listening and then the "},{"startTime":1300.0,"endTime":1304.16,"body":"AI was able to help streamline that for her, which  "},{"startTime":1304.16,"endTime":1310.8,"body":"I thought was really interesting and innovative. "},{"startTime":1304.16,"endTime":1310.8,"body":"We can learn from our students also. Right. So like  "},{"startTime":1310.8,"endTime":1321.04,"body":"if we are really looking ahead and kind of like "},{"startTime":1310.8,"endTime":1321.04,"body":"be two steps ahead, not just a step ahead of the  "},{"startTime":1321.04,"endTime":1328.96,"body":"innovations that we're facing right now. It should "},{"startTime":1321.04,"endTime":1328.96,"body":"be both ways right. So we're preparing ourselves  "},{"startTime":1328.96,"endTime":1338.24,"body":"and our students are on this trajectory as well. So "},{"startTime":1328.96,"endTime":1338.24,"body":"with that said, I'm curious. So what directions  "},{"startTime":1338.24,"endTime":1345.76,"body":"do you see your works in AI going in the near "},{"startTime":1338.24,"endTime":1345.76,"body":"future or even like maybe if you have a forecast  "},{"startTime":1345.76,"endTime":1353.84,"body":"of what's to come with your AI projects? Well, for "},{"startTime":1345.76,"endTime":1353.84,"body":"my work specifically, I've kind of actually gone  "},{"startTime":1353.84,"endTime":1358.8,"body":"back to some of the basics during my process of "},{"startTime":1353.84,"endTime":1358.8,"body":"trying to assess the quality of NCLEX questions.  "},{"startTime":1358.8,"endTime":1363.04,"body":"I realized there wasn't like a great standard for "},{"startTime":1358.8,"endTime":1363.04,"body":"equality. So I've gone back and I'm working with  "},{"startTime":1363.04,"endTime":1368.16,"body":"experts to create like what makes a really great "},{"startTime":1363.04,"endTime":1368.16,"body":"NCLEX question. That's the work I'm doing with my  "},{"startTime":1368.16,"endTime":1373.36,"body":"PhD. And then I hope to kind of expand and start "},{"startTime":1368.16,"endTime":1373.36,"body":"looking at other AI platforms learning about which  "},{"startTime":1373.36,"endTime":1378.56,"body":"ones are best suited for the things that "},{"startTime":1373.36,"endTime":1378.56,"body":"we need as nurse educators? Which ones are"},{"startTime":1378.56,"endTime":1384.56,"body":"creating the most accurate medical information? "},{"startTime":1378.56,"endTime":1384.56,"body":"which ones have the least amount of bias? So I'm  "},{"startTime":1384.56,"endTime":1390.64,"body":"really hoping to kind of dive more in to a lot of "},{"startTime":1384.56,"endTime":1390.64,"body":"the different AI platforms, not just ChatGPT, which  "},{"startTime":1390.64,"endTime":1395.6,"body":"I love, don't get me wrong. It's the fantastic, but I "},{"startTime":1390.64,"endTime":1395.6,"body":"want to learn more about all the different options.  "},{"startTime":1395.6,"endTime":1401.6,"body":"What's the best and think about a future where "},{"startTime":1395.6,"endTime":1401.6,"body":"maybe we create an AI that's maybe more custom to  "},{"startTime":1401.6,"endTime":1408.72,"body":"what we need. I'm working now on creating a custom "},{"startTime":1401.6,"endTime":1408.72,"body":"GPT using ChatGPT for my pharmacology course, one  "},{"startTime":1408.72,"endTime":1413.52,"body":"that I've baked in all of my own materials, my "},{"startTime":1408.72,"endTime":1413.52,"body":"own syllabus. I'm trying to create a resource for  "},{"startTime":1413.52,"endTime":1419.76,"body":"students that I have a lot more control over can "},{"startTime":1413.52,"endTime":1419.76,"body":"provide a lot more accurate information for them. It's  "},{"startTime":1419.76,"endTime":1424.08,"body":"something they can use to kind of supplement "},{"startTime":1419.76,"endTime":1424.08,"body":"their learning in my course. So I think the future  "},{"startTime":1424.08,"endTime":1429.36,"body":"is probably going to involve more personalized "},{"startTime":1424.08,"endTime":1429.36,"body":"learning but also expanding our horizons beyond  "},{"startTime":1429.36,"endTime":1435.12,"body":"just ChatGPT, looking at other opportunities "},{"startTime":1429.36,"endTime":1435.12,"body":"to kind of grow in this area and expand our  "},{"startTime":1435.12,"endTime":1442.56,"body":"teaching materials and our opportunity "},{"startTime":1435.12,"endTime":1442.56,"body":"there. Yeah. And definitely evaluating the  "},{"startTime":1442.56,"endTime":1452.24,"body":"quality of this apps technology is one fertile "},{"startTime":1442.56,"endTime":1452.24,"body":"ground for more exploration or investigation.  "},{"startTime":1452.24,"endTime":1460.08,"body":"Yeah, so I'm excited for you and you're in "},{"startTime":1452.24,"endTime":1460.08,"body":"this path of AI and where it's going  "},{"startTime":1460.08,"endTime":1468.88,"body":"and yeah, we'll definitely be looking out for more "},{"startTime":1460.08,"endTime":1468.88,"body":"articles from you in the future. So we're towards  "},{"startTime":1468.88,"endTime":1478.72,"body":"the the end of our podcast here. And so for our "},{"startTime":1468.88,"endTime":1478.72,"body":"final question, I would just like to kind of like to "},{"startTime":1478.72,"endTime":1487.44,"body":"know if you have some lessons learned or some "},{"startTime":1478.72,"endTime":1487.44,"body":"nuggets to share with our nursing educators out  "},{"startTime":1487.44,"endTime":1496.8,"body":"there. Absolutely I would encourage every nursing "},{"startTime":1487.44,"endTime":1496.8,"body":"educator to try. Try ChatGPT if you haven't  "},{"startTime":1496.8,"endTime":1502.88,"body":"already. Just try it out. Play around with it. Spend "},{"startTime":1496.8,"endTime":1502.88,"body":"an hour, book that hour in your day, block it off  "},{"startTime":1502.88,"endTime":1509.44,"body":"and spend some time with ChatGPT. Talk to it like "},{"startTime":1502.88,"endTime":1509.44,"body":"it was a person. Ask it to do various different  "},{"startTime":1509.44,"endTime":1514.88,"body":"things just to see if it can. Try not to be afraid. "},{"startTime":1509.44,"endTime":1514.88,"body":"I know a lot of faculty are nervous and afraid and  "},{"startTime":1514.88,"endTime":1519.84,"body":"I think all of their concerns are valid, but not "},{"startTime":1514.88,"endTime":1519.84,"body":"to be afraid when interacting. Ask it to do all  "},{"startTime":1519.84,"endTime":1526.08,"body":"different things. I'm always blown away by what it "},{"startTime":1519.84,"endTime":1526.08,"body":"can do if I just ask. AI can mimic a lot. It can do  "},{"startTime":1526.08,"endTime":1529.36,"body":"so many different things. It creates all these "},{"startTime":1526.08,"endTime":1529.36,"body":"different things. And I think there's a lot of  "},{"startTime":1529.36,"endTime":1534.8,"body":"opportunity for creativity. I know nurse educators "},{"startTime":1529.36,"endTime":1534.8,"body":"are creative people. I know nursing as a field  "},{"startTime":1534.8,"endTime":1540.8,"body":"always steps up historically. We're always evolving "},{"startTime":1534.8,"endTime":1540.8,"body":"and I think there's a lot of really untapped  "},{"startTime":1540.8,"endTime":1546.8,"body":"potential there for us as nurse educators. So I'd "},{"startTime":1540.8,"endTime":1546.8,"body":"say keep an open mind, be curious, not judgmental  "},{"startTime":1546.8,"endTime":1551.04,"body":"and can go in and try it out and see what you can "},{"startTime":1546.8,"endTime":1551.04,"body":"do with it. Then share it with us because we're  "},{"startTime":1551.04,"endTime":1556.8,"body":"all excited to see. So I shared your findings! "},{"startTime":1551.04,"endTime":1556.8,"body":"Yeah, so thank you very much  "},{"startTime":1556.8,"endTime":1563.92,"body":"with that set of nuggets. There's, there were a "},{"startTime":1556.8,"endTime":1563.92,"body":"lot of nuggets there and I know that Kellie, Dr.  "},{"startTime":1563.92,"endTime":1572.24,"body":"Bryant is also steeped into AI and ChatGPT. You've "},{"startTime":1563.92,"endTime":1572.24,"body":"done so many presentations on this as well. So  "},{"startTime":1572.24,"endTime":1580.64,"body":"any last words for our educators also. Yeah, I just "},{"startTime":1572.24,"endTime":1580.64,"body":"I just want to say I agree with Rachel. It's just ... "},{"startTime":1580.64,"endTime":1585.04,"body":"you can't break it. Just the more that you use it "},{"startTime":1580.64,"endTime":1585.04,"body":"and play with it the more comfortable you get and  "},{"startTime":1585.04,"endTime":1589.52,"body":"you can push it to the limits. You can just play "},{"startTime":1585.04,"endTime":1589.52,"body":"around and do things that aren't related to work.  "},{"startTime":1589.52,"endTime":1594.0,"body":"Tell it I have these ingredients in my cabinet. "},{"startTime":1589.52,"endTime":1594.0,"body":"Help me make a recipe for tonight. So start with  "},{"startTime":1594.0,"endTime":1599.12,"body":"something innocent. But I know we're running out "},{"startTime":1594.0,"endTime":1599.12,"body":"of time and I just wanted to say thank you Rachel.  "},{"startTime":1599.12,"endTime":1603.52,"body":"You really gave us a lot of pearls of wisdom "},{"startTime":1599.12,"endTime":1603.52,"body":"and that you know there's so many things to look  "},{"startTime":1603.52,"endTime":1608.0,"body":"forward to in the future with AI, but I love how "},{"startTime":1603.52,"endTime":1608.0,"body":"you talked about all the benefits, but also talked  "},{"startTime":1608.0,"endTime":1612.32,"body":"about the things that we need to be aware of and "},{"startTime":1608.0,"endTime":1612.32,"body":"and the limitations and some of the challenges.  "},{"startTime":1612.32,"endTime":1618.32,"body":"So I wish you the best of luck with your PhD also "},{"startTime":1612.32,"endTime":1618.32,"body":"with your project. Thank you so much for having me.  "},{"startTime":1618.32,"endTime":1625.6,"body":"I really enjoyed this conversation with you both. "},{"startTime":1618.32,"endTime":1625.6,"body":"Yes. So thank you. Thank you Kellie, Dr. Bryant.  "},{"startTime":1625.6,"endTime":1634.441,"body":"Thank you Rachel. So that's the end of our podcast "},{"startTime":1625.6,"endTime":1634.441,"body":"and until our next episode. Bye bye everyone."}]}