Robert Lufkin  00:01

Welcome back to the health longevity Secret show and I'm your host, Dr. Robert Lufkin. Rapamycin is arguably the most promising longevity drug currently available. And that is why we spend a lot of time on it on this podcast. Today I'm going to share a 20 minute presentation on the subject that I gave at the recent rad fest conference last month. I've also included the short panel discussion after that where we take questions from the audience. In that I am joined by Liz Parrish, Drs. Greg Fahey, Bill Andrews and Ian White. I do apologize to our audio listeners who do not see the graphics on the YouTube video version, but hopefully, there will be sufficient value in the audio track itself to justify its inclusion on the podcast. Either way, please let us know so we can decide about future presentations. And now let's hear about rapamycin.

Maria  01:03

Our next speaker is Dr. Robert Lufkin. He has served as full professor of both the UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine and the USC Keck School of Medicine with a current academic focus on the Applied Science of longevity. In addition to being a practicing physician, He's author of over 200 peer reviewed scientific papers and several books that are available in six languages. Let's welcome Dr. Lufkin onstage

Robert Lufkin  01:37

Thank you Maria. It's it's great to be here. I'm so excited today what a what a wonderful conferences is and today I get to talk about one of my favorite topics which is rapamycin. Before we do though, let me do a couple of disclaimers. First of all, I am a practicing physician, so I'm a medical doctor. So any the advice that I'm about to give you should not be taken as medical advice, but rather as education only. Secondly, the opinions that I'm expressing in a few moments are going to be my own opinions. They don't represent the institutions that I worked for and have worked for UCLA and USC Medical Schools. Finally, financial disclosures. I sadly don't benefit at all from the sales of rapamycin or any of its any of its products I don't have a booth I I'm doing this because I'm curious about longevity. And I'm curious about rapamycin, and it's out of self interest for myself. And for all of you that we can we can understand this challenging area and hopefully improve our lives in the process. In full, full transparency I do receive some royalties from a book that was just published entitled lies I taught in medical school. And in that book it does discuss rapamycin and and longevity as well. Now, let's get into rapamycin how many people in this audience just out of curiosity are currently taking rapamycin for longevity? I see a few hands probably less than 10%. So let's let's see how this plays out then. The origin story of rapamycin is fascinating. Those of you who haven't heard it, I'll summarize it briefly here. It goes back to it starts in a remote tropical island that was literally 1000s of miles away from any major landmass. And because of the isolation throughout its entire history, scientists believed that there were going to be possibly unique organisms that grew there, and unique biological systems. That was all about the change, though, in 1964, when the first airport was planned on the island, which meant that literally 1000s or millions of people would come in to the island and this unique environment would forever change. So scientists rushed there and they took soil samples from all over the island, and took it home for analysis. And what they found did not disappoint. As suspected. They did find several strains of unique bacteria that were unknown to science. But even more importantly, one of the bacteria secreted a compound that had unusual health and biological properties that had never been seen before. They named this this compound that was secreted rapa myosin, which was named after the island of course, which is Rapa Nui. And the the interesting thing about this this drug is its biological effects and we're going to spend the rest of this presentation talking about them. But before we do, there's one other thing that this discovery of rapamycin led to and that was it led to the discovery of the molecule that rapamycin acts on. In other words, the target of rapamycin, which is a protein, which is arguably the single most important signaling protein in all of biology. To give you a sense of how important it is, it's present in almost all animal cells from yeast all the way up to human beings. And what what purpose does this Tor molecule serve and rapamycin indirectly by affecting it? It's the ultimate function of any cell, it determines survival. And what does that mean? Well, rapamycin acts on this molecule Tor, and Tor senses the presence of nutrients in the environment. And if it senses nutrients, if there's food, then Tor tells the cell to grow. And also it stimulates inflammation. Because if there are nutrients coming into the cell, there's a risk of of foreign material. So inflammation has to be turned up. Also, if there are no nutrients detected, then Tor switches the other way, and it turns off cell growth, it turns off inflammation, and turns up a repair system that many of you have heard about already called a toffee G. And this is basically what Tor does. It switches between growth and no growth depending on whether there are nutrients present. And the type of nutrients we're talking about are primarily glucose, some branched chain amino acids also stimulate Tor. Oxygen stimulates Tor, and then other signaling molecules things like insulin or MP kinase or IGF one insulin like growth factor that some of the other speakers have already talked about. So this survival function makes sense tour because if if the switch moves incorrectly, the cell will die. In other words, if there's no food in the switch goes to growth, the cell will die. On the other hand, if there is food, but the cell doesn't grow, it's a missed opportunity. So Tor is very important at a fundamental level for basically all cell survival. Now, the interesting thing for this audience, I think, is one of the most exciting theories of longevity and aging, is the notion that, at its most basic level, aging, and longevity is driven by Tor over activation. In other words, Tor is turned on too much. There's too much cell growth, too much cell proliferation, and too much inflammation. What I'd like to do in the next few minutes, is look at test this hypothesis, see if it makes sense. We're going to look at published peer reviewed articles at phenotypes of aging. We're going to look at chronic diseases of aging, and then we're going to look at longevity itself and see if this this theory makes any sense at all. The interesting way we can test this, of course, is that rapamycin, as as we've said, works on tour and it specifically turns tore down. And so for longevity if this theory is correct, we want to turn tore down and the drug rapamycin specifically targets Tor to do this. So the way we're going to investigate this in the next few minutes is we're going to see the effect of rapamycin given on a number of animal models and human models as well to see if this this theory of longevity and Tor and rapamycin makes sense at all. I should say that rapamycin is available, it's FDA approved for other indications other than longevity in the United States, but it should not be taken except, but it's by prescription only, essentially. So you should have a physician guide you if you're going to take this. So let's start with the phenotypes of aging. Let's just start with those and see if there's any effects by phenotypes of aging. We mean the obvious things we all recognize, like gray hair, loss of hair, wrinkles, this sort of thing. And does rapamycin have any effect on on these particular areas? This is a this is a scientific paper from 2019 using an animal model of hair loss essentially in the mouse. And the mice were treated with essentially rapamycin shampoo for 37 days. And what happened was you can see in the picture there under the G you had the control mice that still don't have the hair they And then the rapamycin mice right below them have a very rich hair growth in the center graph. There you can see the flat line on the bottom is the controlled mice. And the line going up is the rapamycin mice and that is a graph of pigmentation. So what we're seeing is evidence of the rapamycin for whatever reason is not only restoring hair growth, but it's increasing pigmentation, which may mean less gray hair. And finally on the side is h and e stain tissue stain with the control on the top with very few hair follicles and then the rapamycin treated one on the bottom. And you can see those black structures are the hair follicles. So that's hair changes. What are the other phenotypes of aging? Well, the obvious one is wrinkles right? As as we age, our skin undergoes a number of changes. One of the most basic ones though, is the loss of collagen. And when collagen is lost in our skin, the skin becomes softer, it sags and forms wrinkles. These are actually this is actually human data that was also from 2019. These were elderly people volunteers and they had rapamycin cream on one hand versus control cream on the other hand, and they put it on once a day for eight months. And at the end of eight months, these brave souls actually had punch biopsies of the skin of their hand so that we could look at the tissue under the microscope and what you see here is on the graph on the bottom, that's a graph of collagen and the left gray area shows low collagen in the controls and then the right sided image shows rapamycin where the collagen is actually increased. And if you look at the histological specimens there, the placebo you where the arrow is pointing, you can barely see the rapamycin you can barely see the collagen at the bottom but in the rapamycin treated ones, you can see that red line which is restoration of collagen well that's that's hair and wrinkles. what else what else can we look at with aging well, Periodontal disease as you may know is strongly associated with aging as we get older, older people their their teeth fall out periodontal disease is increasing the space in the bone between the teeth and the in the gums and the teeth and the end the bone and this weakens the teeth and they eventually fall out. This isn't an animal model for periodontal disease. And you can see on the graph the young mice have you can literally measure the the amount of bone resorption or alveolar bone as it's called, that's exposed and the young mice have relatively little exposed bone so little periodontal disease, the adult mice have a little bit more but when they turn into old mice, this periodontal disease increases exponentially and you can see what it looks like there. What this study did was give a single eight week treatment of rapamycin to these elderly mice and you can see that the periodontal disease the aging as indicated by periodontal disease was not only slowed down but is actually reversed. So the periodontal disease improved in those patients. So we may see we may see rapamycin toothpaste in our future who knows as far as the skin also in the last one the FDA a few months ago just to prove the first formulation of rapamycin as a skin cream, not for wrinkles per se, but for another medical condition but once it's approved, there may be off label uses for this sort of thing. I'll end up with one last phenotype of aging or sign of aging and this is this is a disease that all women get if they live long enough and this is ovarian failure or commonly known as menopause. Now if if rapamycin and mTOR and this model of longevity works as as the theory says it does, it should affect all aspects of aging, including menopause and this is an animal model of fertility in the mouse model and we can see the blue graph on the top is the rapamycin treated mice. And the red line on the bottom is the controls and with rapamycin, we saw increased increased number of pups and delayed onset of menopause essentially. Now, some of you are probably saying, Oh, this is great. But this isn't about longevity. Nobody dies of gray hair, nobody dies of wrinkles, nobody dies of menopause or periodontal disease. What are the what are the determinants of longevity and that's the things that actually cause people to die. And it's no secret they're they're right here. These are the diseases of longevity, things like heart disease, cancer, all that and we can we can look at rapamycin as effects on these and we see that the the leading one is cardiovascular disease, and that's narrowing of the blood vessels. So you've all heard about when the blood vessels like a pipe when it narrows to the heart, it's a heart attack when it narrows to the brain. It's a stroke. It's possible to fix the narrowing by putting what's called a stent in there that mechanically widens it. But the problem with the stents is that the cardiovascular disease continues to go on, and it recurs. What effect does rapamycin have one of the earliest applications of rapamycin is coding the stance because it stops atherosclerosis, it prevents the stance from occurring, and there are two FDA approved applications for that. Let's look at another one cancer. Cancer is a curse in many different cells in our body. But the common feature that it all has is cell proliferation. mTOR, rapamycin turns down cell proliferation. So not surprisingly, there are eight FDA approved indications for rapamycin to treat cancer all the way from metastatic renal cell cancer, which is the most common form of kidney cancer, to lymphoma to to others. So it works in this area as well. There's one last chronic disease I'll mention here. And that's it represents the ultimate failure of our health care and research system. It's a disease that determines longevity, it causes death for many people. But despite decades of research, and literally unlimited amounts of funding, there have been no significant pharmacological interventions that have been developed that either treat the symptoms or slow the disease down. And that's, of course, Alzheimer's disease. This is an animal model of Alzheimer's disease with a mouse that genetically gets the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. And you can see in the picture there, that the normal mouse the WT wild type has a certain memory function on the on the left there, the Alzheimer's disease mouse in the middle decreases its memory function in the same area as the hippocampus that humans have. And when those mice are given two months of rapamycin treatment, the memory function, at least in this animal model is is restored. And this this study just came out literally in 2021. There are already a human trial underway for rapamycin in Alzheimer's disease. But you're probably asking, well, that's great. These are chronic diseases. These are phenotypes of aging. What about longevity? You haven't said anything about actual longevity. Longevity itself is tough to evaluate with humans, just because you know, we live too long. But there are a lot of animal studies for testing longevity, perhaps the gold standard is the interventions testing program is run by the National Institutes of Aging. And they just take two groups of mice and one mice, they let them live mice live less than three years. And then the other mice, mouse mice, they give them an intervention and see if it works, they be drugs or supplements and at all and the great thing about this study is in the 20 years that it's been going on, you can actually write in with your favorite supplement your favorite drug and ask them to test it and these are some of the things that the that already been tested. Resveratrol, Metformin, MCT oil, curcumin, ashwagandha green tea extracts statins, if you're an NAD booster fan, they they tested nicotine amide ramesside in there. So how did this work? Did any of these results in improved longevity? Well, the answer is in this group, no, they didn't. Neither. Neither of these resulted in improved longevity. None of these did. But there's a caveat. If the drug doesn't work in the ITP, it just means it didn't work at that dose. So there might be another dose where it would be effective. But still, the fact that they didn't didn't work is concerning. Are there any drugs that did work? Here are three there are relatively mild effects that are sex related. A carbost is one we're going to talk about. It has a fairly large gain. It's a diabetes treatment drug that blocks carbohydrate uptake sort of simulates ketosis or a low carb diet. Well, these are mild effects. Is there any drug that reproducibly reliably, consistently and dramatically increases lifespan in this model and every animal model tested? And of course, yes, it's rapamycin. Here it is. We can see it there. In both males and females, it's a dramatic response. So, I mean, the end here, this is probably the question on all of your minds right now, should rapamycin be taken for longevity? And the answer is? Well, actually, I can't tell you because that would be medical advice. Seriously, I can't tell you because nobody knows it's unknown. I mean, in this conference, we can't even agree on the model of Aging and Longevity. There are many different theories. And we don't really understand these drugs, at all their effects, is exciting possibilities. But we still don't know just like you can't outrun, out exercise a bad diet, you may not be able to take a drug like rapamycin and make up for lifestyle. Things like these things are changing very, very rapidly. For example, in with his last paper on the bottom, that is from the ITP, it was rapamycin plus a car boasts both of these increased longevity. But when they were combined, they gave a dramatic increase in longevity longer than either one individually up to 35%. Thank you. And this, this paper just ended, just came out six days ago. So this field is rapidly changing. There are a lot of dramatic things happening. I quoted a lot of my studies. All of these my studies currently are now being applied to humans and the human studies in progress. So hopefully in a year, we'll hear more about human studies, we can replace a lot of these. But I've never seen such a dramatic time in longevity with all the revolution of new information that we're getting, especially with drugs like rapamycin and some of these other drugs that we're just beginning to understand. So I think, for all of us, the future is bright, and the best is yet to come. Thank you.

Maria  21:50

Wow, wow, this is amazing. I feel humbled and touched, moved by the work that you are all doing, and so grateful that you exist and that you're saving our lives, saving millions, millions and trillions and countless lives. You've been sitting for a long time and quiet. So to celebrate this scientific progress that we're being we're we're witness witnessing here, I want you to stand up and go Yeah. All right. Well, we're going to thank you for that. That is energizing. We're going to do a q&a. Hopefully, I won't drop my iPad. And it would be okay. So feel free to submit questions through the application, if you haven't done so yet. To this day event application on your phones. Right. Thank you again. So, I have one question for Liz. Is the bio Viva gene therapy available for humans at an offshore clinic?

Liz Parrish  23:28

Oh, that's a really good question. So outside of treating myself through Dr. Williams bio, Viva has never been able to treat a person because it's illegal for a US company to do that. So we work with a company called the integrative health systems. They're an offshore company, and they're basically a company that connects patients to medical doctors and you both consent to treatment. And then that's how you get access. Our company is able to assess the data, but we're not able to give you a treatment. I'd like to change that.

Maria  24:04

That's right. Thank you. They want to know though to love king if you take rapamycin and if so what effects has it had on you?

Robert Lufkin  24:18

Personally, I do take rapamycin. I haven't had any side effects from it. As far as the positive effects is very difficult to say because I'm I'm like many of us I'm doing a lot of different interventions with lifestyle and diet and fasting and other things. So it's I I feel great. I feel better than I used to feel but I'm not sure it's the rapamycin it might be a combination of other factors. So the short answer is I don't know.

Maria  24:46

Do you do any blood work? Any biomarkers before and after?

Robert Lufkin  24:51

Yes, I just I routinely do biomarkers there were no problems with glucose or any there were no negative affects their or with immune function and benefits

Maria  25:02

in terms of any, any of the biomarkers that we know of aging, for example that you've seen changing?

Robert Lufkin  25:10

Well, all the all the blood markers improved, but again, I'm not sure if it's what aspect of lifestyle and all the changes. It's not a good way to run an experiment to save your life if

Maria  25:23

you take anything else other than, you know, your diet and exercising and like an ad or

Robert Lufkin  25:30

drugs, Metformin, and a Carlos

Maria  25:33

Aiko was interesting. Yeah, there's so many questions, it's hard for me to choose one quickly, but I'll be right back. So I'm here. So with the use of mRNA technology now, because of the COVID vaccine that is globally being used, will you think this will accelerate the adoption of gene therapy? I guess they either say who they're asking, but I don't know who was typing will will probably

Liz Parrish  26:10

be good to answer that. We hope so.

Bill Andrews  26:13

Yeah. Let's see Michael. Okay. So I've done a lot of RNA work and a lot of DNA work. And I, I personally find that DNA works a lot better than RNA. I'm, so I'm guessing that that's probably what we're gonna see, I'm not sure if RNA will ever take off. But it's RNA is faster. It's faster to get it developed and things. And so that's one of the reasons why it's vaccine. Any

Maria  26:35

other therapies that you can think of here in the panel that could advance faster because of mRNA?

Liz Parrish  26:43

I think, you know, that that was a, actually, if you want to look at anything well around the vaccine is is that goes to show how fast the government can move if it wants to, again, on the patient advocate side, you know, HIV had a drug in two years because people marched on Washington. And I can't tell you more that, that that is really what we need to do, we need to get out there. And we need to demand access, because the regulatory system can move amazingly fast if they want to, and there's no bigger crisis than aging. Yeah.

Greg Fahy  27:23

If you don't mind, I'd like to bring up a point related to what Liz just said, There's a book that I'd like you all to know about. And I'd like you all to read it. Ultimately, it's called Death by regulation by Mary RWR. This describes how, if not for a modification, and the FDA charter that took place in 1962, drugs would be 40 times cheaper than they are now. And you'd have about 10 times as many of them and they would have come a lot sooner, and there'd be no compromise in either safety or efficacy. So there are several approaches that can be used to bring down regulatory barriers. But it there has to be the political will to go there. So if the public becomes aware of these things, maybe you can influence other people.

Liz Parrish  28:07

Yeah. Please rebuild the loons books as well, because he has done an immense amount of research also on the USFDA, and how things really need to change. And I was just told that there's an amazing Joe Rogan episode three hours long. Yeah, if

Ian White  28:25

you really want to become motivated to do something, then I would recommend watching the Joe Rogan podcast that came out a couple of weeks ago, I was a scientific adviser on that episode. It's three hours long, but you will not be able to tell your eyes away. It's about the insurance companies and about how the health care system in the United States is really not the sort of that it's led us down. But it's amazing. Recommended.

Maria  28:47

Different. Thank you for that recommendation. Yes, I think science and technology are moving extremely fast, and it is accelerating. But the regulatory system is not moving as fast. So it's definitely not gonna work. Yeah, I wanted to ask you, Dr. Bucha, wide, if you can tell us more about the space Aging Research Institute.

Ian White  29:10

Yeah. So that's a new initiative that we're just starting, we're actually raising capital for right now we're trying to raise $2 million for a two year proof of principle research program to demonstrate that some of these ideas about entropy being the ultimate cause of aging, and how we could try to undo entropy that will then have downstream effects and everything else that we're studying here today. So we want to be able to demonstrate that some of the ideas that are that I described in my book are actually based in legitimate size. Schrodinger worked on them years ago, he ended up winning the Nobel Prize, but we sort of forgot about forgotten about a lot of this science. And we've also forgotten how to reconcile different disciplines. So I'm trying to do that. We're trying to get this institute going. So with your support, hopefully we can do that.

Maria  29:53

Thank you so much, is that nonprofit,

Ian White  29:55

nonprofits a 501 C three.

Maria  29:57

Thank you. Sounds wonderful. Question for from Chase Farrakhan, Bilson for you, Dr. Faye, would you expect the improvements you've been you've seen on fino age in various biomarkers to continue improving beyond your initial results. If the treatments in these trials were repeated continuously no gaps

Greg Fahy  30:19

in it looks at the moment, like what happened in the Tramex trial was that it was continued treatment had plateaued for a while. I think that that's an artifact of certain details of the way we did the experiment, I think we can overcome that, and have some pretty excellent leads on how to do that. But when that is over, then yes, I expect that the plasma phenol wage clock will go in reverse again, for a period of time, just like it did in the volunteer that was in both trim and trim X. After the end of trim X, he gained another three years of negative aging. So I think that that's generally going to be seen to to occur. I don't have a good explanation for that. But apparently, there's further adjustments that the body goes through after the end of the treatment that allows them to get at least a transient further gain. So I do believe that that would happen. But if you continue the treatment longer, I think that it may continue to go down farther and farther, provided I make an adjustment to the protocol.

Maria  31:21

Can't wait. See that? Greg? Is there anything you want to say to women to sign up? I know you have less women participating? Is there anything in particular you want to say to encourage them to?

Greg Fahy  31:34

Yeah, I mean, I think that just for the women out there, just so you know, the people that have been the most enthusiastic about this trial have been the women who have enrolled in the trial. They're just bursting with energy. They're excited. I think maybe women are built to live long and this treatment just sort of helps them do that. So I would certainly encourage the women to sign up it looks like you get the same benefits of the men but you may have more fun along the way. So

Maria  32:09

for Dr. Lufkin are the known side effects to rapamycin and do you say there was the rapamycin shampoo?

Robert Lufkin  32:20

rapamycin shampoo is what was used on the on the animal model. There's not currently an FDA approved version of that,

Maria  32:28

can we still get some

Robert Lufkin  32:32

biohackers coming up tablets and making hand lotion and toothpaste and shampoos or are they're just taking it orally but it's all you know, it's all the wild west out there.

Maria  32:43

You got my number for me.

Greg Fahy  32:48

Yes, you said there's an FDA approved rapamycin cream

Robert Lufkin  32:52

just came out for facial anti fibromas associated with tuberous sclerosis. So it's it's you could buy it. It's very expensive, but it's an off label use for you could use for hands potentially

Greg Fahy  33:06

and if you're desperate enough you could even put it on your hair

Maria  33:10

a little a little water and rub it in right there's a product here that has Rapallo that is a facial cream. I don't know if you saw it in Pardon my ignorance but is it different than rapamycin wrap along here at this show? Yeah, this is the show. Yeah, there's a cream. I'll check it out it is it dropped along is different a rapamycin or, or is Yeah, yeah, it is. Yeah. Okay.

Greg Fahy  33:36

I mean, there can be all kinds of rapid logs. Rapid log just means it's an analog to rapamycin.

Maria  33:41

rapamycin is Rapallo Correct?

Greg Fahy  33:44

rapamycin is rapamycin and rapid log would be something that mimics rapamycin

Robert Lufkin  33:50

if it's chemically similar to rapamycin, the rapid logs will still be under the FDA approval and require prescription to use them.

Maria  34:01

Yeah, because I was talking to some people here and they were convinced that the cream was rapamycin cream, but that's why this is the perfect the perfect environment to clarify that.

Robert Lufkin  34:12

The cream the hand cream is currently by prescription only, just like the rapamycin tablets. All right,

Maria  34:18

thank you Liz, what are your thoughts about using lipid nanoparticles as a vector for gene delivery as opposed to the CMV vector for gene delivery?

Liz Parrish  34:36

Well, I'm interested in the lipid nanoparticles. Obviously, lipid nanoparticles were used in the immunization. They were not be they were not able to be used in higher doses because there are toxic to your liver. There are companies working on non toxic versions, but they have a long ways to go and you know, we looked at this quite widely, we didn't start our research till 2018, three years into it. And you know, we just like vector delivery systems because they are designed to take genes and put them into the nucleus. And that's where genes have a persistent outcome. And so the idea of our company is to deliver drugs, which you don't have to take over and over again, although we did show that we may be able to create a intranasal gene therapy for you, hopefully, that will also be long term. The idea is to make it so people are not dependent on drug use that we can kind of set it and forget it, at least for a number of years, a decade or two. And I think that that's doing the best justice to the population. I've always said that right now we live definitely in an economy where companies need to make money in the future. Health care should be free and enhancement should cost a lot and I want to enhance you. How many

Bill Andrews  36:04

nanoparticles sounds like my max, Mike's not working. We've done a lot of side by side experiments with mRNA, DNA nanoparticles, viral vectors. We've never found anything that works as good as viral vectors.

Greg Fahy  36:19

There'll be a targeting issue with just lipid nanoparticles, right. Maybe the same V has better targeting properties. Can you?

Maria  36:26

Yeah, I couldn't hear that. At the end. Say it again. Louder. Say again, what you said louder.

Greg Fahy  36:31

Good. Yeah. I mean, I think going to just a lipid nanoparticle who brings up issues of targeting, whereas the CMV has affinities for certain cells that you know, in advance, and you would have to build more into it than just the lipid coding, you'd have to

Bill Andrews  36:45

see the nature of my adenovirus, lentivirus, all the other ones, we've compared side by sides with all those different viral vectors, and they all work better in our hands than in nanoparticles. Okay.

Maria  36:58

Thanks for clarifying the list how many therapies people can take from you know, that you offer the bio rebate offering? What kinds?

Liz Parrish  37:09

Well, a bio, Vivek, again, I have to say we can't offer therapies. But in medical tourism, there are many therapies available around the gene therapy space both with companies we work with. And outside of that, you'll find a few companies working on a full list and the muscle increasing gene therapy, you'll find Klotho, Klotho, and telomerase together for dementia or cognitive decline or cognitive enhancement, you'll find PGC, one alpha for obesity or metabolic issues, and then combinations there of and so PGC, one alpha and Klotho. And turret may be a popular therapy for something like chronic kidney disease. And again, it's all experimental. If companies will work with us and share the data with us, we will get papers to you. And that's what we really push for.

Maria  38:03

Thank you, Liz. Dr. White, you are the vice president of the American College of regenerative medicine. What do they think about aging and curing aging?

Ian White  38:15

Well, so the American College of regenerative medicine is a 501 C six. And the idea there is that we're trying to bring together the entire field of regenerative medicine, to have some kind of standards, because it's really a big problem in the industry right now is that there are so many of us making great leaps. But then there are so many cowboys out there that are messing the waters. And so what we're trying to do is trying to bring everything under one roof to try to go to the FDA and say, Look, there is some discipline here, we do know what we're doing. And so anti aging is part of regenerative medicine. So we're a big proponent of anti aging, it's going to be the rest of my life's work. Hopefully, it's not going to take that long. I hope to have that for you in a couple of years, maybe 10 years. We'll see. But, you know, that's why we have the American College. That's why we have the space Aging Research Institute, because that's where I'm putting all my energy. This is the future.

Maria  39:02

So we're on the same page, basically, yes, that same page? Well, unfortunately, we don't have any more time. And this conversation could go for hours. And I have a lot of questions from all of you here. But I'm sure you can find you all sticking around. Yeah. So you can have private conversations with them. And I want to thank you very much, very, very much. And for all the work that you do. When when I started what I got involved in this field. About 20 years ago, it was just a few of us crazy people with some crazy idea. And in over the gray actually it was my mentor, and that's why I'm here. And I want to thank him too. And now this is a reality. There's an industry this field and it's just amazing. And I feel very touched by that. And they are grateful to all of you and to all of you to because without you this wouldn't be happening either. Thank you. Thanks, all of you, too.

Unknown Speaker 39:59

This is for j General Information and educational purposes only. And it's not intended to constitute or substitute for medical advice or counseling, the practice of medicine or the provision of health care, diagnosis, or treatment, or the creation of a facility, physician, patient or clinical relationship, the use of this information is up their own own users risks. If you find this to be on the value of please hit that like button to subscribe to support the work that we do on this channel. And we take the your suggestions and advice very seriously, so please let us know what you'd like to see on this channel. Thanks for watching and we hope to see you next time