{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":4.546,"endTime":5.046,"body":"Welcome to"},{"startTime":5.046,"endTime":8.675,"body":"the latest"},{"startTime":5.046,"endTime":8.675,"body":"episode of Reimagining Mobility."},{"startTime":8.842,"endTime":14.055,"body":"I'm here with Andy Roberts, chief engineer"},{"startTime":8.842,"endTime":14.055,"body":"for Systems at Mobility"},{"startTime":14.055,"endTime":19.227,"body":"Technologies at AVL So Andy, tell us"},{"startTime":14.055,"endTime":19.227,"body":"a little bit about systems engineering."},{"startTime":19.561,"endTime":20.228,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":20.228,"endTime":23.023,"body":"Seems like it's a big topic right now."},{"startTime":23.231,"endTime":25.859,"body":"A lot of people are talking about it."},{"startTime":25.859,"endTime":27.527,"body":"Tell us, what does it really mean?"},{"startTime":27.527,"endTime":30.238,"body":"What systems engineering really mean?"},{"startTime":27.527,"endTime":30.238,"body":"It sounds really good."},{"startTime":30.488,"endTime":31.573,"body":"It sounds very important."},{"startTime":31.573,"endTime":33.116,"body":"But maybe just many people"},{"startTime":33.116,"endTime":36.995,"body":"don't really know exactly what that means"},{"startTime":33.116,"endTime":36.995,"body":"or how AVL looks at it."},{"startTime":37.12,"endTime":38.204,"body":"Absolutely."},{"startTime":38.204,"endTime":41.666,"body":"So, yeah, I mean, I think systems"},{"startTime":38.204,"endTime":41.666,"body":"engineering really is is the approach,"},{"startTime":41.708,"endTime":45.587,"body":"the discipline of looking at whatever"},{"startTime":41.708,"endTime":45.587,"body":"you're developing overall as a system,"},{"startTime":45.587,"endTime":49.382,"body":"not as individual components,"},{"startTime":45.587,"endTime":49.382,"body":"not as elements of their own, that you"},{"startTime":49.382,"endTime":53.428,"body":"develop separately,"},{"startTime":49.382,"endTime":53.428,"body":"but more as an integrated forward system."},{"startTime":53.511,"endTime":57.766,"body":"And if you deal with it in that way,"},{"startTime":53.511,"endTime":57.766,"body":"if you look at it in that way, you end up"},{"startTime":57.766,"endTime":62.02,"body":"with a much better product, more"},{"startTime":57.766,"endTime":62.02,"body":"integrated products, a more efficient,"},{"startTime":62.604,"endTime":65.857,"body":"I would argue, a more robust product"},{"startTime":62.604,"endTime":65.857,"body":"rather than as individual components."},{"startTime":67.65,"endTime":70.111,"body":"So as far as systems engineering at AVL"},{"startTime":71.571,"endTime":74.407,"body":"I think like"},{"startTime":71.571,"endTime":74.407,"body":"most of the certainly automotive industry,"},{"startTime":74.991,"endTime":78.912,"body":"it's progressed"},{"startTime":74.991,"endTime":78.912,"body":"quite a bit over the last maybe ten years."},{"startTime":79.746,"endTime":82.415,"body":"Originally, systems"},{"startTime":79.746,"endTime":82.415,"body":"engineering really came from a"},{"startTime":83.083,"endTime":86.044,"body":"I would say a controls a software"},{"startTime":83.083,"endTime":86.044,"body":"development"},{"startTime":87.128,"endTime":89.798,"body":"sort of approach where it was very much"},{"startTime":89.798,"endTime":93.593,"body":"used to define,"},{"startTime":89.798,"endTime":93.593,"body":"you know, what the software needed to do."},{"startTime":93.593,"endTime":98.223,"body":"So we'd, we'd look at a high level of say,"},{"startTime":93.593,"endTime":98.223,"body":"say like an engine controller and say,"},{"startTime":98.223,"endTime":99.891,"body":"okay, what does the engine controller"},{"startTime":98.223,"endTime":99.891,"body":"need to do?"},{"startTime":99.891,"endTime":102.102,"body":"We'd capture some requirements for that."},{"startTime":102.185,"endTime":105.188,"body":"We'd then break that down"},{"startTime":102.185,"endTime":105.188,"body":"into what the hardware needs to do,"},{"startTime":105.188,"endTime":107.774,"body":"the software needs to do,"},{"startTime":105.188,"endTime":107.774,"body":"the sensors needed to do."},{"startTime":107.774,"endTime":112.529,"body":"And then we'd we'd use that to develop"},{"startTime":107.774,"endTime":112.529,"body":"software and under controls hardware"},{"startTime":112.529,"endTime":112.904,"body":"as well."},{"startTime":114.114,"endTime":115.698,"body":"And now"},{"startTime":115.698,"endTime":119.035,"body":"I think it's really being adapted across"},{"startTime":115.698,"endTime":119.035,"body":"the automotive industry much more broadly."},{"startTime":119.869,"endTime":122.622,"body":"It's still a big part of software"},{"startTime":119.869,"endTime":122.622,"body":"development,"},{"startTime":123.331,"endTime":126.668,"body":"but it's also really key,"},{"startTime":126.668,"endTime":131.548,"body":"I would argue, to hybrid system"},{"startTime":126.668,"endTime":131.548,"body":"development and system development,"},{"startTime":131.548,"endTime":134.968,"body":"and that really is driven"},{"startTime":131.548,"endTime":134.968,"body":"by the complexity of the systems"},{"startTime":135.385,"endTime":138.221,"body":"and the interaction"},{"startTime":135.385,"endTime":138.221,"body":"between the components, between, say,"},{"startTime":138.221,"endTime":142.6,"body":"the powertrain and the system,"},{"startTime":138.221,"endTime":142.6,"body":"the off board system as well."},{"startTime":142.934,"endTime":144.978,"body":"That GPS,"},{"startTime":142.934,"endTime":144.978,"body":"the connection to the infrastructure."},{"startTime":145.145,"endTime":147.772,"body":"I just wanted to ask."},{"startTime":145.145,"endTime":147.772,"body":"So does it include the cloud then as well?"},{"startTime":147.772,"endTime":149.732,"body":"When we're talking about AI in the cloud,"},{"startTime":149.732,"endTime":152.652,"body":"especially for autonomous driving,"},{"startTime":149.732,"endTime":152.652,"body":"when we're talking about"},{"startTime":153.278,"endTime":157.866,"body":"telematics for route calculation,"},{"startTime":153.278,"endTime":157.866,"body":"where is my next gas station?"},{"startTime":157.866,"endTime":160.16,"body":"Where is my next charging station? Is it"},{"startTime":157.866,"endTime":160.16,"body":"open?"},{"startTime":160.16,"endTime":161.327,"body":"Is it working?"},{"startTime":161.327,"endTime":163.955,"body":"So does it include the cloud as well,"},{"startTime":161.327,"endTime":163.955,"body":"not just on the vehicle?"},{"startTime":164.706,"endTime":165.748,"body":"Yeah. So from"},{"startTime":166.875,"endTime":169.002,"body":"I think the inclusion of the cloud."},{"startTime":170.128,"endTime":170.837,"body":"Absolutely."},{"startTime":170.837,"endTime":174.007,"body":"So if we took an example of"},{"startTime":174.048,"endTime":177.093,"body":"of a system where where we need"},{"startTime":174.048,"endTime":177.093,"body":"to understand the range of the vehicle."},{"startTime":177.302,"endTime":181.097,"body":"So you could do that very simplistically."},{"startTime":181.347,"endTime":185.393,"body":"You could say, well, I am traveling"},{"startTime":181.347,"endTime":185.393,"body":"from point A to point B through my GPS"},{"startTime":185.435,"endTime":189.314,"body":"I've put in my route and it's 300 miles."},{"startTime":189.48,"endTime":191.858,"body":"What's the range? You know,"},{"startTime":189.48,"endTime":191.858,"body":"what's the state charge?"},{"startTime":191.858,"endTime":193.693,"body":"My battery and therefore what's the range?"},{"startTime":193.693,"endTime":197.405,"body":"But in reality, you want to be able"},{"startTime":193.693,"endTime":197.405,"body":"to bring in the GPS information."},{"startTime":197.405,"endTime":198.281,"body":"You need to be able to bring"},{"startTime":198.281,"endTime":201.951,"body":"in the traffic information,"},{"startTime":198.281,"endTime":201.951,"body":"the gradient of the road you also."},{"startTime":202.202,"endTime":205.997,"body":"So that's that piece that needs to come in"},{"startTime":202.202,"endTime":205.997,"body":"from the say the off board, the GPS"},{"startTime":205.997,"endTime":207.248,"body":"and related information."},{"startTime":207.248,"endTime":210.251,"body":"But you also need to understand"},{"startTime":207.248,"endTime":210.251,"body":"from a powertrain perspective,"},{"startTime":210.251,"endTime":213.254,"body":"what's the charge of the battery,"},{"startTime":213.713,"endTime":215.715,"body":"but also"},{"startTime":213.713,"endTime":215.715,"body":"what's the state of health of the battery?"},{"startTime":216.424,"endTime":219.135,"body":"You probably also want to understand"},{"startTime":219.135,"endTime":223.598,"body":"how the driver historically has been using"},{"startTime":219.135,"endTime":223.598,"body":"the vehicle, driving the vehicle,"},{"startTime":223.598,"endTime":227.894,"body":"because that will obviously affect,"},{"startTime":223.598,"endTime":227.894,"body":"you know, on that to the bone."},{"startTime":227.936,"endTime":229.646,"body":"Through the activity of a. Yeah."},{"startTime":229.646,"endTime":233.233,"body":"So he he may be"},{"startTime":229.646,"endTime":233.233,"body":"or she may be getting less mileage"},{"startTime":233.233,"endTime":236.319,"body":"out of the battery because they're being"},{"startTime":233.233,"endTime":236.319,"body":"more aggressive in the way they drive."},{"startTime":236.736,"endTime":238.363,"body":"So really, now"},{"startTime":239.364,"endTime":241.616,"body":"what OEM"},{"startTime":243.159,"endTime":246.329,"body":"vehicle system developers are designed"},{"startTime":243.159,"endTime":246.329,"body":"to bring all that information together."},{"startTime":247.288,"endTime":251.042,"body":"So the off board, the powertrain"},{"startTime":247.288,"endTime":251.042,"body":"information, the battery information,"},{"startTime":251.125,"endTime":255.213,"body":"how the driver is driving the vehicle"},{"startTime":251.125,"endTime":255.213,"body":"and you know,"},{"startTime":255.213,"endTime":258.049,"body":"you need to bring all that together"},{"startTime":255.213,"endTime":258.049,"body":"in a systems approach."},{"startTime":258.049,"endTime":261.386,"body":"So you need to understand"},{"startTime":258.049,"endTime":261.386,"body":"from a higher level what's the"},{"startTime":261.427,"endTime":263.554,"body":"what's the requirement,"},{"startTime":261.427,"endTime":263.554,"body":"what we need to understand"},{"startTime":263.554,"endTime":266.808,"body":"what the range of the vehicle is over"},{"startTime":263.554,"endTime":266.808,"body":"a defined route."},{"startTime":267.183,"endTime":269.894,"body":"How do we do that"},{"startTime":267.183,"endTime":269.894,"body":"where we need to bring in GPS information,"},{"startTime":269.894,"endTime":272.188,"body":"we need to bring in powertrain"},{"startTime":269.894,"endTime":272.188,"body":"information, battery information,"},{"startTime":272.647,"endTime":276.234,"body":"bring all that together"},{"startTime":272.647,"endTime":276.234,"body":"into an accurate calculation that can"},{"startTime":276.234,"endTime":279.612,"body":"then be be used to predict"},{"startTime":276.234,"endTime":279.612,"body":"what the range of the vehicle is."},{"startTime":280.571,"endTime":283.866,"body":"So for many years now, I've been leading"},{"startTime":283.866,"endTime":287.578,"body":"teams that always talk about model"},{"startTime":283.866,"endTime":287.578,"body":"based systems engineering."},{"startTime":288.037,"endTime":291.541,"body":"And for many years, I felt like every time"},{"startTime":288.037,"endTime":291.541,"body":"I asked for details, I felt like,"},{"startTime":292.125,"endTime":293.835,"body":"okay, yeah, I get it."},{"startTime":293.835,"endTime":296.296,"body":"But are we really using models?"},{"startTime":296.296,"endTime":297.922,"body":"You know what I'm saying?"},{"startTime":297.922,"endTime":301.092,"body":"And I felt like it's it's"},{"startTime":297.922,"endTime":301.092,"body":"almost a little bit like big data."},{"startTime":301.092,"endTime":302.76,"body":"Everybody talks about big data."},{"startTime":302.76,"endTime":304.262,"body":"Everybody collects big data."},{"startTime":304.262,"endTime":306.18,"body":"Everybody does a little bit with big data."},{"startTime":306.18,"endTime":312.145,"body":"But I struggle at times to really see what"},{"startTime":306.18,"endTime":312.145,"body":"we're doing with truly big data mining."},{"startTime":312.145,"endTime":314.856,"body":"ID like going through the data, mining it."},{"startTime":314.856,"endTime":316.024,"body":"Using it, yeah."},{"startTime":316.024,"endTime":318.568,"body":"Tell me a little bit about model"},{"startTime":316.024,"endTime":318.568,"body":"based systems engineering,"},{"startTime":318.568,"endTime":321.946,"body":"where we are now was maybe opposed"},{"startTime":318.568,"endTime":321.946,"body":"to, let's say five years ago."},{"startTime":321.946,"endTime":322.905,"body":"Yeah, absolutely."},{"startTime":322.905,"endTime":326.826,"body":"So I think model basis, model basis"},{"startTime":322.905,"endTime":326.826,"body":"engineering has been talked about a lot"},{"startTime":327.118,"endTime":329.078,"body":"five years, maybe even more than that."},{"startTime":329.078,"endTime":332.081,"body":"And I think there's been some"},{"startTime":329.078,"endTime":332.081,"body":"some usage of it."},{"startTime":332.081,"endTime":338.004,"body":"So I think my experience in more"},{"startTime":332.081,"endTime":338.004,"body":"of a limited fashion, but in recent years,"},{"startTime":338.004,"endTime":341.924,"body":"maybe the last year or so, really,"},{"startTime":338.004,"endTime":341.924,"body":"I've seen a big increase in the use of."},{"startTime":341.924,"endTime":344.844,"body":"Okay and the use really of, you know,"},{"startTime":345.219,"endTime":348.973,"body":"a graphical way, I would argue"},{"startTime":345.219,"endTime":348.973,"body":"to to represent requirements."},{"startTime":350.058,"endTime":353.978,"body":"And unlike Visio, the tools"},{"startTime":350.058,"endTime":353.978,"body":"are used for model based engineering."},{"startTime":353.978,"endTime":358.608,"body":"You could use this year to to draw"},{"startTime":353.978,"endTime":358.608,"body":"architecture diagrams, interface diagrams."},{"startTime":359.108,"endTime":363.279,"body":"But the real key thing with model based"},{"startTime":359.108,"endTime":363.279,"body":"systems, engineering tools approaches"},{"startTime":363.279,"endTime":366.324,"body":"is that all these different"},{"startTime":363.279,"endTime":366.324,"body":"diagrams are linked together."},{"startTime":366.324,"endTime":368.618,"body":"So you change one,"},{"startTime":366.324,"endTime":368.618,"body":"it changes in the other."},{"startTime":368.618,"endTime":370.87,"body":"Diagram, automated. And automation."},{"startTime":371.329,"endTime":375.5,"body":"Obviously you then also link"},{"startTime":371.329,"endTime":375.5,"body":"that to your textual requirements as well"},{"startTime":377.293,"endTime":379.087,"body":"from a control is effective."},{"startTime":379.087,"endTime":383.049,"body":"You know, it's even getting to the point"},{"startTime":379.087,"endTime":383.049,"body":"where you can start at the top level"},{"startTime":383.049,"endTime":387.136,"body":"of your set of requirements, maybe"},{"startTime":383.049,"endTime":387.136,"body":"textual link that into your model based"},{"startTime":388.388,"endTime":390.64,"body":"approach to cascade"},{"startTime":390.64,"endTime":392.767,"body":"that down to to your different,"},{"startTime":393.726,"endTime":395.895,"body":"I would say architecture"},{"startTime":393.726,"endTime":395.895,"body":"and interface views"},{"startTime":395.895,"endTime":398.231,"body":"and even down to the level"},{"startTime":395.895,"endTime":398.231,"body":"where you can define a"},{"startTime":398.981,"endTime":401.442,"body":"a controlled architecture"},{"startTime":401.442,"endTime":406.572,"body":"within a model by systems engineer tool"},{"startTime":401.442,"endTime":406.572,"body":"and actually then take that architecture"},{"startTime":406.572,"endTime":411.035,"body":"and then deploy that or I guess export it"},{"startTime":406.572,"endTime":411.035,"body":"and then start actually"},{"startTime":411.16,"endTime":414.58,"body":"developing say in Simulink"},{"startTime":411.16,"endTime":414.58,"body":"in that architecture you design"},{"startTime":414.58,"endTime":417.583,"body":"defined from a from the systems"},{"startTime":414.58,"endTime":417.583,"body":"perspective."},{"startTime":418.0,"endTime":418.334,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":418.334,"endTime":420.711,"body":"So it's certainly becoming,"},{"startTime":420.711,"endTime":423.673,"body":"I would say in most projects now"},{"startTime":420.711,"endTime":423.673,"body":"actually we are starting to see activity"},{"startTime":423.673,"endTime":424.507,"body":"aggressive to you."},{"startTime":424.507,"endTime":424.882,"body":"I just want."},{"startTime":424.882,"endTime":427.301,"body":"To ask if you if you if you"},{"startTime":424.882,"endTime":427.301,"body":"if you had to guess,"},{"startTime":427.301,"endTime":430.43,"body":"what's the percentage of projects"},{"startTime":427.301,"endTime":430.43,"body":"we're doing for customers"},{"startTime":430.43,"endTime":433.724,"body":"or with our partners"},{"startTime":430.43,"endTime":433.724,"body":"that use model based versus"},{"startTime":433.724,"endTime":436.936,"body":"just the let's call it"},{"startTime":433.724,"endTime":436.936,"body":"the standard systems engineering approach?"},{"startTime":437.27,"endTime":440.648,"body":"Is it 80% use model basis, a 60%?"},{"startTime":440.648,"endTime":442.233,"body":"Or I would I would say"},{"startTime":444.152,"endTime":445.57,"body":"probably say 50% or so."},{"startTime":445.57,"endTime":449.699,"body":"But it seems to be more"},{"startTime":445.57,"endTime":449.699,"body":"I mean, I think the the ADAS"},{"startTime":449.782,"endTime":452.743,"body":"kind of projects are certainly adapting,"},{"startTime":453.161,"endTime":456.164,"body":"adopting some of that more quickly."},{"startTime":456.539,"endTime":459.333,"body":"Well, though, into the powertrain"},{"startTime":456.539,"endTime":459.333,"body":"domain as well, it is certainly becoming"},{"startTime":460.918,"endTime":463.421,"body":"adopted as well and it's pretty powerful."},{"startTime":463.421,"endTime":468.551,"body":"It's a a very good way,"},{"startTime":463.421,"endTime":468.551,"body":"I think, for people to quickly understand"},{"startTime":469.135,"endTime":471.679,"body":"what the system is and the interactions"},{"startTime":472.722,"endTime":473.181,"body":"much quicker."},{"startTime":473.181,"endTime":477.31,"body":"Obviously to understand a diagram,"},{"startTime":473.181,"endTime":477.31,"body":"a graphic, a, you know,"},{"startTime":478.144,"endTime":480.521,"body":"an image than than words."},{"startTime":480.521,"endTime":481.981,"body":"So yeah."},{"startTime":481.981,"endTime":484.775,"body":"So what we are,"},{"startTime":481.981,"endTime":484.775,"body":"we see ourselves as pretty strong"},{"startTime":485.151,"endTime":487.862,"body":"at model based or systems thinking."},{"startTime":487.862,"endTime":490.531,"body":"Let's just keep it"},{"startTime":487.862,"endTime":490.531,"body":"generic systems engineering."},{"startTime":490.531,"endTime":493.868,"body":"What do you believe makes us good at that"},{"startTime":490.531,"endTime":493.868,"body":"or makes us so good at that?"},{"startTime":493.868,"endTime":495.244,"body":"What makes us unique is it"},{"startTime":495.244,"endTime":499.04,"body":"is it our background in lots of different"},{"startTime":495.244,"endTime":499.04,"body":"domains in the mobility space?"},{"startTime":499.04,"endTime":503.92,"body":"Is it the domain knowledge of individuals"},{"startTime":499.04,"endTime":503.92,"body":"that then brought together bring it?"},{"startTime":503.92,"endTime":508.09,"body":"Or is it is it the flexibility"},{"startTime":503.92,"endTime":508.09,"body":"and the the wide breadth"},{"startTime":508.09,"endTime":512.386,"body":"and depth of knowledge that our people"},{"startTime":508.09,"endTime":512.386,"body":"bring that allows them to do that?"},{"startTime":512.386,"endTime":514.889,"body":"I mean, I would say"},{"startTime":512.386,"endTime":514.889,"body":"it's all of those things."},{"startTime":515.556,"endTime":518.059,"body":"Certainly the expertize"},{"startTime":515.556,"endTime":518.059,"body":"and the deep knowledge"},{"startTime":518.267,"endTime":520.895,"body":"in the different"},{"startTime":518.267,"endTime":520.895,"body":"disciplines is a key part."},{"startTime":521.187,"endTime":524.106,"body":"But the other thing"},{"startTime":521.187,"endTime":524.106,"body":"is, over the last well,"},{"startTime":524.315,"endTime":526.943,"body":"certainly ten years or so,"},{"startTime":524.315,"endTime":526.943,"body":"there's been a very active"},{"startTime":527.86,"endTime":530.863,"body":"progression of defining our systems"},{"startTime":527.86,"endTime":530.863,"body":"engineering approach."},{"startTime":530.863,"endTime":532.323,"body":"How do we do systems engineering?"},{"startTime":532.323,"endTime":535.952,"body":"So across aviation, globally,"},{"startTime":532.323,"endTime":535.952,"body":"I've been involved"},{"startTime":535.952,"endTime":539.455,"body":"in a number of the team in the US,"},{"startTime":535.952,"endTime":539.455,"body":"have worked with"},{"startTime":540.081,"endTime":544.126,"body":"the teams in Europe and China"},{"startTime":540.081,"endTime":544.126,"body":"and everywhere else in the world"},{"startTime":544.21,"endTime":547.463,"body":"to develop and agree"},{"startTime":544.21,"endTime":547.463,"body":"a way that we do systems engineering."},{"startTime":548.381,"endTime":550.466,"body":"To a common way across all of."},{"startTime":550.466,"endTime":552.385,"body":"AVL Absolutely. So I mean, that"},{"startTime":553.427,"endTime":554.595,"body":"is that has to be"},{"startTime":554.595,"endTime":558.516,"body":"a well,"},{"startTime":554.595,"endTime":558.516,"body":"it has to be certainly adaptable as well."},{"startTime":558.516,"endTime":561.102,"body":"So it has to be scalable"},{"startTime":558.516,"endTime":561.102,"body":"to the different projects we've got."},{"startTime":561.102,"endTime":565.064,"body":"Every project generally is different,"},{"startTime":561.102,"endTime":565.064,"body":"so we have to have an approach, a way"},{"startTime":565.064,"endTime":566.691,"body":"that can be scaled"},{"startTime":566.691,"endTime":569.569,"body":"to be used on all of these different types"},{"startTime":566.691,"endTime":569.569,"body":"of projects, whether it's an ADAS"},{"startTime":569.569,"endTime":573.906,"body":"project, a conventional powertrain,"},{"startTime":569.569,"endTime":573.906,"body":"a hybrid powertrain project."},{"startTime":573.99,"endTime":577.827,"body":"We have to have an approach"},{"startTime":573.99,"endTime":577.827,"body":"that is common and understood globally"},{"startTime":577.827,"endTime":582.039,"body":"by by the systems engineering team"},{"startTime":577.827,"endTime":582.039,"body":"and the teams working with us as well."},{"startTime":582.582,"endTime":584.792,"body":"So it is a it is a"},{"startTime":585.835,"endTime":589.547,"body":"also it allows that we can work"},{"startTime":585.835,"endTime":589.547,"body":"globally together as well"},{"startTime":589.547,"endTime":593.593,"body":"because if we're working in the same way"},{"startTime":589.547,"endTime":593.593,"body":"we understand the same way of working,"},{"startTime":593.593,"endTime":597.638,"body":"then the US, Europe, with China,"},{"startTime":593.593,"endTime":597.638,"body":"everywhere else in the."},{"startTime":597.638,"endTime":598.889,"body":"World as well."},{"startTime":599.056,"endTime":602.56,"body":"What, what makes a great systems"},{"startTime":599.056,"endTime":602.56,"body":"engineer as an individual?"},{"startTime":602.56,"endTime":604.27,"body":"Is it is it the experience?"},{"startTime":604.27,"endTime":610.026,"body":"Is it the ability to think low level but"},{"startTime":604.27,"endTime":610.026,"body":"also higher level from a complete system?"},{"startTime":610.026,"endTime":614.155,"body":"What this thing is that a has to design"},{"startTime":610.026,"endTime":614.155,"body":"is it is it"},{"startTime":614.155,"endTime":618.701,"body":"the mentorship program that we have"},{"startTime":614.155,"endTime":618.701,"body":"where you and others mentor people?"},{"startTime":619.201,"endTime":621.746,"body":"Is it they need to rotate around first"},{"startTime":621.746,"endTime":625.458,"body":"to lots of different groups to be able"},{"startTime":621.746,"endTime":625.458,"body":"to understand the different components?"},{"startTime":625.875,"endTime":627.46,"body":"But what makes a great success?"},{"startTime":627.46,"endTime":629.587,"body":"I mean, I would"},{"startTime":627.46,"endTime":629.587,"body":"I would argue that what makes"},{"startTime":630.546,"endTime":631.589,"body":"a great system engineer"},{"startTime":631.589,"endTime":635.343,"body":"a part of that is an interest"},{"startTime":631.589,"endTime":635.343,"body":"in the overall system and all this."},{"startTime":635.343,"endTime":635.926,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":636.093,"endTime":637.511,"body":"I mean, some people"},{"startTime":637.511,"endTime":641.515,"body":"really like to get into the real details"},{"startTime":637.511,"endTime":641.515,"body":"of one specific system."},{"startTime":641.515,"endTime":642.099,"body":"That's great."},{"startTime":642.099,"endTime":645.186,"body":"And we absolutely need those people"},{"startTime":642.099,"endTime":645.186,"body":"and know we have a lot"},{"startTime":645.186,"endTime":648.564,"body":"of hugely talented,"},{"startTime":645.186,"endTime":648.564,"body":"real technical experts in certain areas."},{"startTime":648.856,"endTime":651.359,"body":"I think systems engineers,"},{"startTime":651.442,"endTime":655.112,"body":"most systems engineers that I work with,"},{"startTime":651.442,"endTime":655.112,"body":"like the overall understanding"},{"startTime":655.571,"endTime":656.447,"body":"everything really,"},{"startTime":656.447,"endTime":660.701,"body":"they like to see the big picture"},{"startTime":656.447,"endTime":660.701,"body":"but then be able to take that and sort of"},{"startTime":661.285,"endTime":666.624,"body":"dig down into what makes up big picture,"},{"startTime":661.285,"endTime":666.624,"body":"you know, a hybrid powertrain."},{"startTime":666.624,"endTime":669.669,"body":"You've got to understand"},{"startTime":666.624,"endTime":669.669,"body":"internal combustion."},{"startTime":669.669,"endTime":672.755,"body":"You've got to understand electric drives,"},{"startTime":672.755,"endTime":674.757,"body":"inverters, DC, DC, maybe"},{"startTime":675.758,"endTime":678.052,"body":"if it's a plug in,"},{"startTime":675.758,"endTime":678.052,"body":"you've got to understand onboard chargers."},{"startTime":678.386,"endTime":683.224,"body":"I think having people that are real"},{"startTime":678.386,"endTime":683.224,"body":"have a really got an interest in a passion"},{"startTime":683.224,"endTime":684.225,"body":"to understand that"},{"startTime":685.559,"endTime":687.395,"body":"that's really"},{"startTime":685.559,"endTime":687.395,"body":"makes a really good systems engineer."},{"startTime":687.395,"endTime":691.148,"body":"But then also to be able"},{"startTime":687.395,"endTime":691.148,"body":"to, to work in a methodical way,"},{"startTime":691.148,"endTime":695.945,"body":"to be able to go from a high level,"},{"startTime":691.148,"endTime":695.945,"body":"maybe vehicle level description of"},{"startTime":695.945,"endTime":699.073,"body":"what's needed and be able"},{"startTime":695.945,"endTime":699.073,"body":"to rhetorically break that down"},{"startTime":699.073,"endTime":702.076,"body":"and to say, work"},{"startTime":699.073,"endTime":702.076,"body":"from a vehicle perspective, we need this."},{"startTime":702.451,"endTime":707.415,"body":"What does that mean"},{"startTime":702.451,"endTime":707.415,"body":"from the powertrain, from the chassis?"},{"startTime":707.415,"endTime":709.75,"body":"Yeah, I think that's really quite key."},{"startTime":709.75,"endTime":712.878,"body":"When you take two different systems,"},{"startTime":709.75,"endTime":712.878,"body":"engineering projects, let's"},{"startTime":712.878,"endTime":714.88,"body":"say you have done"},{"startTime":715.214,"endTime":718.008,"body":"give me an example"},{"startTime":715.214,"endTime":718.008,"body":"of an extremely complex one,"},{"startTime":719.343,"endTime":722.638,"body":"an example of maybe not an easy one,"},{"startTime":719.343,"endTime":722.638,"body":"but a more,"},{"startTime":723.723,"endTime":725.766,"body":"let's say, easier to apply"},{"startTime":726.225,"endTime":728.436,"body":"systems engineering approach to it."},{"startTime":729.311,"endTime":729.937,"body":"Yeah, sure."},{"startTime":729.937,"endTime":732.356,"body":"I mean, I think the ADAS project,"},{"startTime":729.937,"endTime":732.356,"body":"so when I'm working on"},{"startTime":733.357,"endTime":734.859,"body":"is a lot of complexity there"},{"startTime":734.859,"endTime":739.739,"body":"because you have got to obviously"},{"startTime":734.859,"endTime":739.739,"body":"there's lots of ADAS features."},{"startTime":739.739,"endTime":748.038,"body":"So whether it's AEB, FCW, ACC,"},{"startTime":739.739,"endTime":748.038,"body":"all these features have to"},{"startTime":748.038,"endTime":750.374,"body":"we have to understand what they each"},{"startTime":748.038,"endTime":750.374,"body":"need to do."},{"startTime":751.083,"endTime":753.419,"body":"But then when they all have to work"},{"startTime":751.083,"endTime":753.419,"body":"together in conjunction,"},{"startTime":754.628,"endTime":757.84,"body":"they also have to then work obviously"},{"startTime":754.628,"endTime":757.84,"body":"with the powertrain as well."},{"startTime":757.84,"endTime":760.885,"body":"There's elements of off board information"},{"startTime":757.84,"endTime":760.885,"body":"we're bringing in."},{"startTime":761.218,"endTime":762.428,"body":"There's a perception system."},{"startTime":762.428,"endTime":766.891,"body":"So we need to be able to clearly define"},{"startTime":762.428,"endTime":766.891,"body":"what is needed from the perception system."},{"startTime":767.933,"endTime":768.976,"body":"So that's"},{"startTime":769.727,"endTime":772.313,"body":"those are pretty complex"},{"startTime":772.521,"endTime":773.981,"body":"projects"},{"startTime":774.523,"endTime":777.276,"body":"and hugely interesting for that reason."},{"startTime":777.276,"endTime":780.696,"body":"I think the more simple, straightforward,"},{"startTime":780.696,"endTime":783.449,"body":"I mean, transmission"},{"startTime":780.696,"endTime":783.449,"body":"projects, we've used them."},{"startTime":784.533,"endTime":787.119,"body":"I wouldn't say the super simple, but."},{"startTime":788.078,"endTime":788.621,"body":"Relatively."},{"startTime":788.621,"endTime":790.956,"body":"A a component, a system"},{"startTime":791.165,"endTime":795.211,"body":"that we're integrating into a"},{"startTime":791.165,"endTime":795.211,"body":"maybe an existing vehicle platform."},{"startTime":795.211,"endTime":797.379,"body":"So then you're really focusing on"},{"startTime":795.211,"endTime":797.379,"body":"what are the"},{"startTime":798.255,"endTime":802.259,"body":"what are the cascaded requirements"},{"startTime":798.255,"endTime":802.259,"body":"from vehicles perspective performance wise"},{"startTime":803.177,"endTime":806.68,"body":"for the transmission, ensuring"},{"startTime":803.177,"endTime":806.68,"body":"that the transmission"},{"startTime":807.097,"endTime":811.227,"body":"delivers that and interfaces correctly"},{"startTime":807.097,"endTime":811.227,"body":"with the other vehicle systems are."},{"startTime":812.895,"endTime":814.897,"body":"Where do you see let's say, model?"},{"startTime":814.897,"endTime":817.358,"body":"It's just again, systems engineer,"},{"startTime":814.897,"endTime":817.358,"body":"not necessarily model based,"},{"startTime":817.358,"endTime":821.111,"body":"but I think we all know that's where it's"},{"startTime":817.358,"endTime":821.111,"body":"going to or continues to push towards."},{"startTime":821.612,"endTime":825.699,"body":"But what do you see systems"},{"startTime":821.612,"endTime":825.699,"body":"engineering in 3 to 5 years?"},{"startTime":826.242,"endTime":827.201,"body":"You see changes."},{"startTime":827.201,"endTime":832.206,"body":"Do you just see more of a deployment of it"},{"startTime":827.201,"endTime":832.206,"body":"across even more fields and areas"},{"startTime":832.206,"endTime":833.29,"body":"in the mobility space?"},{"startTime":833.29,"endTime":837.878,"body":"Or do you see it become even more,"},{"startTime":833.29,"endTime":837.878,"body":"let's say, digitized with much more"},{"startTime":838.42,"endTime":839.964,"body":"more digital features?"},{"startTime":839.964,"endTime":842.8,"body":"Digital twins coming"},{"startTime":839.964,"endTime":842.8,"body":"in. I coming in. I don't know."},{"startTime":842.8,"endTime":844.927,"body":"What do you see it in three"},{"startTime":842.8,"endTime":844.927,"body":"and five or two, five years."},{"startTime":845.553,"endTime":845.845,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":845.845,"endTime":849.014,"body":"I mean,"},{"startTime":845.845,"endTime":849.014,"body":"I think the tools that are being used,"},{"startTime":850.432,"endTime":852.309,"body":"some of the existing tools are"},{"startTime":852.309,"endTime":855.312,"body":"not maybe the easiest to get in and use."},{"startTime":855.312,"endTime":858.524,"body":"I think there's a lot of the tool"},{"startTime":855.312,"endTime":858.524,"body":"developers"},{"startTime":858.899,"endTime":862.027,"body":"are working to make them more user"},{"startTime":858.899,"endTime":862.027,"body":"friendly."},{"startTime":862.027,"endTime":867.157,"body":"I would say, and easy to get into and add"},{"startTime":862.027,"endTime":867.157,"body":"additional features and functionality"},{"startTime":867.199,"endTime":871.662,"body":"and the ability to connect those model"},{"startTime":871.662,"endTime":876.25,"body":"based tools with existing requirements"},{"startTime":871.662,"endTime":876.25,"body":"tools, simulation tools as well."},{"startTime":877.418,"endTime":881.13,"body":"So I think there's there's certainly"},{"startTime":881.13,"endTime":883.09,"body":"an improvement in the tools themselves."},{"startTime":883.09,"endTime":888.554,"body":"And therefore, you know,"},{"startTime":883.09,"endTime":888.554,"body":"the adoption of the tools."},{"startTime":888.554,"endTime":892.308,"body":"I mean, I kind of always think backed"},{"startTime":888.554,"endTime":892.308,"body":"from a from a software perspective."},{"startTime":892.308,"endTime":895.978,"body":"You know, many years ago"},{"startTime":892.308,"endTime":895.978,"body":"we started writing in assembler and then"},{"startTime":896.27,"endTime":898.48,"body":"we kind of moved up to kind of see."},{"startTime":898.48,"endTime":899.273,"body":"And then from that"},{"startTime":899.273,"endTime":902.568,"body":"we moved to sort of, you know, simulate"},{"startTime":899.273,"endTime":902.568,"body":"and more graphical kind of that."},{"startTime":902.776,"endTime":905.321,"body":"And there is something I'd say"},{"startTime":902.776,"endTime":905.321,"body":"from a controls perspective,"},{"startTime":905.321,"endTime":910.242,"body":"I think more of a move to be able"},{"startTime":905.321,"endTime":910.242,"body":"to even be starting to really define"},{"startTime":911.702,"endTime":914.955,"body":"your software requirements"},{"startTime":911.702,"endTime":914.955,"body":"within the model based environment"},{"startTime":914.955,"endTime":918.751,"body":"and actually be able to have tools"},{"startTime":914.955,"endTime":918.751,"body":"that will sort of automatically or semi"},{"startTime":918.751,"endTime":920.085,"body":"automatically bring that down"},{"startTime":920.085,"endTime":923.756,"body":"into actually being able"},{"startTime":920.085,"endTime":923.756,"body":"to develop code and implement code."},{"startTime":924.173,"endTime":927.551,"body":"I think I think that's potentially"},{"startTime":924.173,"endTime":927.551,"body":"an interesting, interesting area."},{"startTime":927.635,"endTime":928.052,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":929.136,"endTime":930.512,"body":"How do you see systems engineering"},{"startTime":930.512,"endTime":933.641,"body":"as it relates to, let's say,"},{"startTime":930.512,"endTime":933.641,"body":"platooning and heavy duty trucks?"},{"startTime":934.516,"endTime":938.771,"body":"Do we see it as there's needs to both"},{"startTime":934.516,"endTime":938.771,"body":"trucks or all trucks, even with cars,"},{"startTime":938.771,"endTime":941.649,"body":"let's say that come in as well,"},{"startTime":938.771,"endTime":941.649,"body":"maybe part of the platoon."},{"startTime":942.942,"endTime":945.277,"body":"Do they all have their own systems"},{"startTime":942.942,"endTime":945.277,"body":"engineering?"},{"startTime":945.277,"endTime":949.281,"body":"And then those"},{"startTime":945.277,"endTime":949.281,"body":"the overall systems of systems"},{"startTime":950.24,"endTime":952.66,"body":"or how we start to be looked at?"},{"startTime":953.077,"endTime":956.705,"body":"Yeah, I think that's"},{"startTime":953.077,"endTime":956.705,"body":"a really important question."},{"startTime":957.915,"endTime":961.961,"body":"I think we have to be developing standards"},{"startTime":957.915,"endTime":961.961,"body":"so that we are all, you know,"},{"startTime":962.711,"endTime":965.798,"body":"affecting"},{"startTime":962.711,"endTime":965.798,"body":"the vehicle, needs to provide data, backup"},{"startTime":965.798,"endTime":968.05,"body":"in into the cloud that can then be"},{"startTime":968.926,"endTime":973.097,"body":"used in some way"},{"startTime":968.926,"endTime":973.097,"body":"through some intermediate,"},{"startTime":973.389,"endTime":976.475,"body":"I guess by the other vehicles as well. But"},{"startTime":977.726,"endTime":980.354,"body":"I think standards and,"},{"startTime":981.605,"endTime":983.983,"body":"you know, need to be, you know, adopted"},{"startTime":986.026,"endTime":988.612,"body":"by people to be able to."},{"startTime":989.196,"endTime":990.364,"body":"Yeah. To to implement that."},{"startTime":990.364,"endTime":991.323,"body":"I mean it's"},{"startTime":992.533,"endTime":992.992,"body":"yeah."},{"startTime":993.367,"endTime":994.785,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":994.785,"endTime":998.08,"body":"If you think about the challenges"},{"startTime":994.785,"endTime":998.08,"body":"we have when the mobility space"},{"startTime":998.08,"endTime":1001.709,"body":"passenger vehicles once this stay"},{"startTime":998.08,"endTime":1001.709,"body":"for a moment but I think even off road"},{"startTime":1003.21,"endTime":1004.837,"body":"military or"},{"startTime":1004.837,"endTime":1007.881,"body":"heavy duty trucks"},{"startTime":1004.837,"endTime":1007.881,"body":"there's more and more technology,"},{"startTime":1007.881,"endTime":1012.72,"body":"let's say, crammed into the vehicle,"},{"startTime":1007.881,"endTime":1012.72,"body":"the mobility device."},{"startTime":1013.846,"endTime":1016.181,"body":"How important is systems engineering"},{"startTime":1016.724,"endTime":1020.352,"body":"in this quest to make these pieces"},{"startTime":1020.811,"endTime":1024.94,"body":"at the end of the day"},{"startTime":1020.811,"endTime":1024.94,"body":"work to the benefit of the user, right."},{"startTime":1025.024,"endTime":1026.942,"body":"The driver, the passenger."},{"startTime":1026.942,"endTime":1030.821,"body":"Otherwise, you have a conglomerate"},{"startTime":1026.942,"endTime":1030.821,"body":"of different technologies,"},{"startTime":1031.196,"endTime":1032.698,"body":"but they don't really gel together"},{"startTime":1032.698,"endTime":1035.909,"body":"and really work together on"},{"startTime":1032.698,"endTime":1035.909,"body":"the user experience may be disappointing."},{"startTime":1035.909,"endTime":1039.038,"body":"So how much how important is systems"},{"startTime":1035.909,"endTime":1039.038,"body":"engineering versus"},{"startTime":1039.038,"endTime":1041.915,"body":"maybe, let's say user"},{"startTime":1039.038,"endTime":1041.915,"body":"experience engineering?"},{"startTime":1042.332,"endTime":1044.168,"body":"Yeah. No, I think it's absolutely key."},{"startTime":1044.168,"endTime":1049.882,"body":"I think, again, the the the aim of systems"},{"startTime":1044.168,"endTime":1049.882,"body":"engineering really is to develop"},{"startTime":1050.507,"endTime":1053.093,"body":"a system that's almost, you know,"},{"startTime":1053.635,"endTime":1057.056,"body":"greater than the sum of its parts,"},{"startTime":1053.635,"endTime":1057.056,"body":"those parts on their own, unless there's,"},{"startTime":1058.724,"endTime":1059.099,"body":"you know,"},{"startTime":1059.099,"endTime":1064.146,"body":"coordination and a"},{"startTime":1059.099,"endTime":1064.146,"body":"cascading of of requirements of interfaces"},{"startTime":1064.146,"endTime":1067.983,"body":"down to all those systems and components,"},{"startTime":1064.146,"endTime":1067.983,"body":"you just end up with"},{"startTime":1069.068,"endTime":1073.113,"body":"a, I guess, a group of bunch of components"},{"startTime":1069.068,"endTime":1073.113,"body":"that kind of do"},{"startTime":1073.113,"endTime":1075.574,"body":"what they're supposed to do,"},{"startTime":1073.113,"endTime":1075.574,"body":"but not in an efficient and"},{"startTime":1077.034,"endTime":1079.953,"body":"sort of most optimal way, cohesive way."},{"startTime":1079.953,"endTime":1083.499,"body":"And so as far as the user experience,"},{"startTime":1083.499,"endTime":1087.002,"body":"I mean, that's a key"},{"startTime":1083.499,"endTime":1087.002,"body":"input as well to that systems approach."},{"startTime":1087.419,"endTime":1088.629,"body":"I think we have to."},{"startTime":1088.629,"endTime":1092.841,"body":"And when we do on the on the side,"},{"startTime":1088.629,"endTime":1092.841,"body":"one of the key things we're looking for"},{"startTime":1092.925,"endTime":1097.137,"body":"in input into our system development is"},{"startTime":1092.925,"endTime":1097.137,"body":"if we're developing a system is, you know,"},{"startTime":1097.554,"endTime":1101.475,"body":"what is the user experience that's"},{"startTime":1097.554,"endTime":1101.475,"body":"baked in from from the very beginning."},{"startTime":1101.475,"endTime":1104.186,"body":"Yeah. How is the,"},{"startTime":1101.475,"endTime":1104.186,"body":"how is this going to be used."},{"startTime":1104.186,"endTime":1107.189,"body":"What,"},{"startTime":1104.186,"endTime":1107.189,"body":"what are the use cases for this feature."},{"startTime":1107.189,"endTime":1111.276,"body":"You know, how will, how will this"},{"startTime":1107.189,"endTime":1111.276,"body":"what will this feature experience"},{"startTime":1111.276,"endTime":1114.321,"body":"as far as what the user wants from it"},{"startTime":1111.276,"endTime":1114.321,"body":"and the environment it's"},{"startTime":1114.321,"endTime":1115.656,"body":"going to be in as well."},{"startTime":1115.656,"endTime":1117.032,"body":"And that really needs to be very much"},{"startTime":1117.032,"endTime":1120.536,"body":"understood"},{"startTime":1117.032,"endTime":1120.536,"body":"as we develop these features and system."},{"startTime":1120.786,"endTime":1127.251,"body":"So it's always the end user ready to"},{"startTime":1120.786,"endTime":1127.251,"body":"the customer that has to be kept in mind."},{"startTime":1127.251,"endTime":1130.003,"body":"And that's that's"},{"startTime":1127.251,"endTime":1130.003,"body":"who in the end we're delivering to."},{"startTime":1130.129,"endTime":1130.295,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":1131.338,"endTime":1133.966,"body":"So everybody talks about the software"},{"startTime":1131.338,"endTime":1133.966,"body":"defined vehicle, right?"},{"startTime":1134.091,"endTime":1138.637,"body":"Obviously, systems engineering"},{"startTime":1134.091,"endTime":1138.637,"body":"is a key piece to allow this to happen."},{"startTime":1139.596,"endTime":1141.765,"body":"But let's say for a moment,"},{"startTime":1139.596,"endTime":1141.765,"body":"there's issues in the field"},{"startTime":1141.765,"endTime":1144.726,"body":"and we can use over-the-air updates"},{"startTime":1141.765,"endTime":1144.726,"body":"to address the software."},{"startTime":1144.768,"endTime":1146.728,"body":"Let's assume we can fix it with software."},{"startTime":1146.728,"endTime":1149.314,"body":"Address it with software."},{"startTime":1149.314,"endTime":1152.401,"body":"How critical is the systems"},{"startTime":1149.314,"endTime":1152.401,"body":"engineering approach"},{"startTime":1152.901,"endTime":1156.947,"body":"that needs to be happening"},{"startTime":1152.901,"endTime":1156.947,"body":"before that to really allow to do this?"},{"startTime":1156.947,"endTime":1158.615,"body":"And how do you guys look at this?"},{"startTime":1158.615,"endTime":1161.618,"body":"Okay,"},{"startTime":1158.615,"endTime":1161.618,"body":"this could be a potential in the future."},{"startTime":1161.618,"endTime":1163.245,"body":"Mm hmm. How do we address this? Right."},{"startTime":1163.245,"endTime":1166.54,"body":"Because it's not necessarily this is how"},{"startTime":1163.245,"endTime":1166.54,"body":"ultimately the whole system, the vehicle,"},{"startTime":1167.291,"endTime":1169.501,"body":"heavy duty truck, off road equipment,"},{"startTime":1170.043,"endTime":1173.463,"body":"passenger vehicles is functioning"},{"startTime":1170.043,"endTime":1173.463,"body":"or has to function."},{"startTime":1173.463,"endTime":1177.718,"body":"But how do you, in your approach"},{"startTime":1173.463,"endTime":1177.718,"body":"with systems engineering, try and foresee"},{"startTime":1177.759,"endTime":1180.721,"body":"what do you need to do in the future"},{"startTime":1177.759,"endTime":1180.721,"body":"in case there's issues"},{"startTime":1181.096,"endTime":1184.266,"body":"that you can address"},{"startTime":1181.096,"endTime":1184.266,"body":"with a software over the air update versus"},{"startTime":1184.725,"endTime":1187.853,"body":"recalling vehicles or having everybody"},{"startTime":1184.725,"endTime":1187.853,"body":"go back to the dealership?"},{"startTime":1187.895,"endTime":1188.395,"body":"Absolutely."},{"startTime":1188.395,"endTime":1191.19,"body":"I mean, again,"},{"startTime":1188.395,"endTime":1191.19,"body":"I think that that certainly is a you know,"},{"startTime":1191.19,"endTime":1195.027,"body":"that's a requirement that has to get fed"},{"startTime":1191.19,"endTime":1195.027,"body":"in from the very beginning, from the top,"},{"startTime":1195.319,"endTime":1195.736,"body":"you know,"},{"startTime":1196.987,"endTime":1200.616,"body":"this vehicle,"},{"startTime":1196.987,"endTime":1200.616,"body":"this system and what level we're working"},{"startTime":1200.616,"endTime":1204.411,"body":"at needs to have the ability"},{"startTime":1200.616,"endTime":1204.411,"body":"to support over the air updates."},{"startTime":1204.411,"endTime":1210.876,"body":"Now, that also means that you, you know,"},{"startTime":1204.411,"endTime":1210.876,"body":"critically need to be bringing in"},{"startTime":1210.876,"endTime":1213.962,"body":"and considering the cyber"},{"startTime":1210.876,"endTime":1213.962,"body":"security aspects as well, because"},{"startTime":1215.047,"endTime":1216.757,"body":"obviously that that's key."},{"startTime":1216.757,"endTime":1219.426,"body":"If we're if we're starting to,"},{"startTime":1216.757,"endTime":1219.426,"body":"you know, remotely update software."},{"startTime":1219.927,"endTime":1223.138,"body":"So all those things have to be considered"},{"startTime":1219.927,"endTime":1223.138,"body":"and have to be a key part of"},{"startTime":1224.056,"endTime":1228.018,"body":"all of the requirements"},{"startTime":1224.056,"endTime":1228.018,"body":"that we're defining at the beginning of,"},{"startTime":1228.227,"endTime":1232.105,"body":"say, a vehicle program"},{"startTime":1228.227,"endTime":1232.105,"body":"or a subsystem program."},{"startTime":1233.732,"endTime":1237.444,"body":"And then it's really making sure"},{"startTime":1233.732,"endTime":1237.444,"body":"that those those requirements"},{"startTime":1237.569,"endTime":1242.241,"body":"for cybersecurity for over over-the-air"},{"startTime":1237.569,"endTime":1242.241,"body":"update, functional safety"},{"startTime":1242.699,"endTime":1247.496,"body":"are are correctly cascaded down"},{"startTime":1242.699,"endTime":1247.496,"body":"into to the components"},{"startTime":1247.746,"endTime":1251.083,"body":"the systems that need to"},{"startTime":1247.746,"endTime":1251.083,"body":"then deliver that that functionality."},{"startTime":1251.708,"endTime":1254.67,"body":"And if it's across multiple components,"},{"startTime":1251.708,"endTime":1254.67,"body":"they obviously need to do that in a"},{"startTime":1254.92,"endTime":1257.798,"body":"in a very synchronized"},{"startTime":1254.92,"endTime":1257.798,"body":"and aligned way. So."},{"startTime":1258.966,"endTime":1259.8,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":1260.3,"endTime":1261.134,"body":"Thank you, Andy."},{"startTime":1261.134,"endTime":1261.969,"body":"Any last thoughts"},{"startTime":1261.969,"endTime":1265.764,"body":"from your end from systems engineering"},{"startTime":1261.969,"endTime":1265.764,"body":"that we maybe didn't catch here?"},{"startTime":1265.764,"endTime":1267.516,"body":"That's important in your mind?"},{"startTime":1267.516,"endTime":1271.019,"body":"I mean, I just I guess sort of summing up,"},{"startTime":1267.516,"endTime":1271.019,"body":"I think, you know, systems"},{"startTime":1271.019,"endTime":1273.814,"body":"engineering has been a key"},{"startTime":1274.815,"endTime":1277.901,"body":"discipline, I would say, for"},{"startTime":1274.815,"endTime":1277.901,"body":"for certainly for software and controls"},{"startTime":1278.402,"endTime":1280.362,"body":"for many years."},{"startTime":1280.904,"endTime":1282.406,"body":"Now, as we move towards"},{"startTime":1282.406,"endTime":1285.575,"body":"more and more complex"},{"startTime":1282.406,"endTime":1285.575,"body":"and connected systems as"},{"startTime":1286.827,"endTime":1289.204,"body":"electric vehicle electric powertrains,"},{"startTime":1289.371,"endTime":1291.164,"body":"hybrid powertrains,"},{"startTime":1292.207,"endTime":1295.544,"body":"you cannot develop an efficient, robust"},{"startTime":1297.045,"endTime":1298.755,"body":"system without a systems"},{"startTime":1297.045,"endTime":1298.755,"body":"engineering approach."},{"startTime":1298.755,"endTime":1299.464,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":1300.299,"endTime":1302.801,"body":"Thanks, Andy. Very insightful. Appreciate."},{"startTime":1302.801,"endTime":1306.138,"body":"Thanks, everyone,"},{"startTime":1302.801,"endTime":1306.138,"body":"for tuning in until next time."},{"startTime":1306.68,"endTime":1309.099,"body":"Thanks for listening to Reimagine"},{"startTime":1306.68,"endTime":1309.099,"body":"Mobility Podcast."},{"startTime":1309.099,"endTime":1311.727,"body":"If you like the. Episode,"},{"startTime":1309.099,"endTime":1311.727,"body":"please subscribe and tell a friend."}]}