{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":3.458,"endTime":4.208,"body":"Welcome to the"},{"startTime":4.208,"endTime":7.208,"body":"Reimagined Mobility Podcast series"},{"startTime":4.208,"endTime":7.208,"body":"here from AVL"},{"startTime":7.666,"endTime":10.916,"body":"I'm here, my old colleague Vivek."},{"startTime":11.583,"endTime":12.541,"body":"Back in our days."},{"startTime":12.541,"endTime":14.583,"body":"Thanks for joining me, Vivek."},{"startTime":14.583,"endTime":16.208,"body":"You just got out of this."},{"startTime":16.208,"endTime":20.5,"body":"Before we really jump into"},{"startTime":16.208,"endTime":20.5,"body":"how we reimagine mobility"},{"startTime":20.5,"endTime":23.958,"body":"with what you guys at Apex are doing"},{"startTime":20.5,"endTime":23.958,"body":"where you're working at today."},{"startTime":24.666,"endTime":27.458,"body":"Give me a little bit of a background"},{"startTime":24.666,"endTime":27.458,"body":"so that our listeners understand"},{"startTime":27.458,"endTime":29.791,"body":"where you're coming from,"},{"startTime":27.458,"endTime":29.791,"body":"what your background is,"},{"startTime":29.791,"endTime":32.791,"body":"what the company you're working for"},{"startTime":29.791,"endTime":32.791,"body":"right now is doing."},{"startTime":32.791,"endTime":35.791,"body":"And then after that, let's jump into it."},{"startTime":36.208,"endTime":36.958,"body":"Great."},{"startTime":36.958,"endTime":38.833,"body":"Thank you so much."},{"startTime":38.833,"endTime":41.958,"body":"Yeah, it's my honor"},{"startTime":38.833,"endTime":41.958,"body":"to be talking to you guys today"},{"startTime":41.958,"endTime":45.0,"body":"regarding give me regarding mobility."},{"startTime":45.0,"endTime":47.791,"body":"I'll give you"},{"startTime":45.0,"endTime":47.791,"body":"a brief background of myself."},{"startTime":47.791,"endTime":50.666,"body":"So I'm an engineer by training."},{"startTime":50.666,"endTime":53.666,"body":"I started my career building simulations"},{"startTime":53.666,"endTime":57.0,"body":"and for testing of brake systems"},{"startTime":53.666,"endTime":57.0,"body":"and steering systems identify."},{"startTime":57.666,"endTime":59.166,"body":"In the early nineties,"},{"startTime":59.166,"endTime":62.166,"body":"I got really intrigued"},{"startTime":59.166,"endTime":62.166,"body":"with the possibility of making cars"},{"startTime":62.458,"endTime":66.041,"body":"handle extreme situations,"},{"startTime":62.458,"endTime":66.041,"body":"like in a slippery roads and high speed"},{"startTime":66.041,"endTime":70.75,"body":"turns safely and elegantly"},{"startTime":66.041,"endTime":70.75,"body":"with the help of embedded software."},{"startTime":71.583,"endTime":73.458,"body":"So that really sort of"},{"startTime":75.041,"endTime":76.416,"body":"you know, put myself"},{"startTime":76.416,"endTime":81.166,"body":"on a trajectory to designing and writing"},{"startTime":76.416,"endTime":81.166,"body":"and better software for the early airbags"},{"startTime":81.166,"endTime":85.958,"body":"and traction control systems"},{"startTime":81.166,"endTime":85.958,"body":"for the GM vehicles in the nineties."},{"startTime":86.541,"endTime":87.958,"body":"And that was a really exciting time."},{"startTime":87.958,"endTime":90.958,"body":"This was,"},{"startTime":87.958,"endTime":90.958,"body":"you know, we were doing this quite early."},{"startTime":91.291,"endTime":94.291,"body":"We had very primitive tools"},{"startTime":91.291,"endTime":94.291,"body":"and methods back then."},{"startTime":94.791,"endTime":98.375,"body":"And then I moved to Etailz,"},{"startTime":94.791,"endTime":98.375,"body":"which is, a division of Bosch."},{"startTime":98.833,"endTime":102.708,"body":"And at the time the software complexity"},{"startTime":98.833,"endTime":102.708,"body":"was already going through the roof"},{"startTime":103.416,"endTime":107.0,"body":"in terms of the not available"},{"startTime":103.416,"endTime":107.0,"body":"microcontroller capability back then."},{"startTime":107.916,"endTime":110.916,"body":"And Etailz, was sort of a pioneer"},{"startTime":107.916,"endTime":110.916,"body":"in industrializing"},{"startTime":110.916,"endTime":114.875,"body":"the art of automating the creation"},{"startTime":110.916,"endTime":114.875,"body":"of high quality and better software"},{"startTime":115.916,"endTime":118.916,"body":"through tools and methods"},{"startTime":115.916,"endTime":118.916,"body":"that were developed at Bosch."},{"startTime":119.666,"endTime":122.208,"body":"So I had the opportunity"},{"startTime":119.666,"endTime":122.208,"body":"to bring these tools"},{"startTime":122.208,"endTime":125.208,"body":"and methods to all the big OEMs in the US,"},{"startTime":125.25,"endTime":128.5,"body":"Europe and South America"},{"startTime":125.25,"endTime":128.5,"body":"as the industry with adopting,"},{"startTime":129.125,"endTime":131.958,"body":"you know, more and better software and"},{"startTime":131.958,"endTime":135.0,"body":"and better technology in these vehicles."},{"startTime":136.083,"endTime":139.958,"body":"And what attracted"},{"startTime":136.083,"endTime":139.958,"body":"me the most was the opportunity to work"},{"startTime":139.958,"endTime":143.083,"body":"with some of the brightest people"},{"startTime":139.958,"endTime":143.083,"body":"in the industry over two decades"},{"startTime":143.958,"endTime":147.541,"body":"and watch the automotive industry evolve"},{"startTime":143.958,"endTime":147.541,"body":"from being purely mechanical,"},{"startTime":147.625,"endTime":153.0,"body":"as you guys know very well,"},{"startTime":147.625,"endTime":153.0,"body":"to becoming more mechatronic with"},{"startTime":153.0,"endTime":156.666,"body":"the role of the software was increasingly"},{"startTime":153.0,"endTime":156.666,"body":"becoming more and more important,"},{"startTime":158.125,"endTime":160.583,"body":"and that was already"},{"startTime":160.583,"endTime":165.083,"body":"as hot as only accelerating"},{"startTime":160.583,"endTime":165.083,"body":"the last 15 years or so as we all know."},{"startTime":165.958,"endTime":168.25,"body":"So after it, as I joined AVL,"},{"startTime":168.25,"endTime":172.583,"body":"I had the unique opportunity to launch"},{"startTime":168.25,"endTime":172.583,"body":"some of the most advanced simulation"},{"startTime":172.583,"endTime":176.541,"body":"and testing tools for the next generation"},{"startTime":172.583,"endTime":176.541,"body":"technologies that were coming"},{"startTime":176.541,"endTime":179.541,"body":"on, like driver"},{"startTime":176.541,"endTime":179.541,"body":"assistance systems and driverless cars."},{"startTime":180.5,"endTime":183.541,"body":"And during that time, electrification"},{"startTime":180.5,"endTime":183.541,"body":"of the automotive industry"},{"startTime":183.541,"endTime":185.208,"body":"was also gaining momentum."},{"startTime":186.166,"endTime":187.875,"body":"And I saw firsthand"},{"startTime":187.875,"endTime":191.916,"body":"the new electric vehicle manufacturers"},{"startTime":187.875,"endTime":191.916,"body":"how they were building vehicles,"},{"startTime":191.916,"endTime":195.458,"body":"which was quite different from the way"},{"startTime":191.916,"endTime":195.458,"body":"the established OEMs were"},{"startTime":195.875,"endTime":198.75,"body":"were doing it."},{"startTime":198.75,"endTime":201.75,"body":"I then had an opportunity to work"},{"startTime":198.75,"endTime":201.75,"body":"for a small startup"},{"startTime":202.416,"endTime":205.416,"body":"which was building driverless,"},{"startTime":202.416,"endTime":205.416,"body":"technology,"},{"startTime":205.416,"endTime":210.25,"body":"both hardware and software"},{"startTime":205.416,"endTime":210.25,"body":"for public transit vehicles like a small"},{"startTime":210.25,"endTime":214.5,"body":"6 to 8 passenger, low speed shuttles"},{"startTime":210.25,"endTime":214.5,"body":"and up to 25 passenger vans."},{"startTime":215.375,"endTime":220.25,"body":"So this this is where I saw firsthand"},{"startTime":215.375,"endTime":220.25,"body":"how many cities, campuses, communities"},{"startTime":220.25,"endTime":223.875,"body":"were experimenting with the idea"},{"startTime":220.25,"endTime":223.875,"body":"of adopting driverless technology"},{"startTime":224.916,"endTime":227.916,"body":"to address some of their needs in cities,"},{"startTime":228.083,"endTime":232.875,"body":"especially around safety,"},{"startTime":228.083,"endTime":232.875,"body":"and especially during COVID, when it was"},{"startTime":232.875,"endTime":235.875,"body":"becoming more difficult to have people"},{"startTime":235.916,"endTime":238.916,"body":"move around in a congested environment."},{"startTime":239.458,"endTime":243.416,"body":"So during this time, I also realized"},{"startTime":239.458,"endTime":243.416,"body":"that for these types of vehicles"},{"startTime":243.416,"endTime":246.916,"body":"to become successful,"},{"startTime":243.416,"endTime":246.916,"body":"you need a very robust"},{"startTime":246.916,"endTime":250.708,"body":"regulatory environment"},{"startTime":246.916,"endTime":250.708,"body":"as well as acceptance by the public."},{"startTime":250.708,"endTime":253.083,"body":"The safety was becoming"},{"startTime":250.708,"endTime":253.083,"body":"a top concern for everyone."},{"startTime":254.75,"endTime":257.916,"body":"And at this time,"},{"startTime":254.75,"endTime":257.916,"body":"in the middle of the last year, 2022,"},{"startTime":257.916,"endTime":261.5,"body":"I got the opportunity to"},{"startTime":257.916,"endTime":261.5,"body":"to lead the Apex A.I."},{"startTime":261.5,"endTime":264.333,"body":"business development activities in the US."},{"startTime":264.333,"endTime":267.333,"body":"So that's where I am today. And,"},{"startTime":268.208,"endTime":271.166,"body":"I realized that the automotive industry"},{"startTime":268.208,"endTime":271.166,"body":"was changing rapidly again"},{"startTime":271.166,"endTime":274.166,"body":"from being hardware centric"},{"startTime":271.166,"endTime":274.166,"body":"to becoming more software centric."},{"startTime":275.25,"endTime":278.458,"body":"And for anybody"},{"startTime":275.25,"endTime":278.458,"body":"who has seen the evolution of electronics"},{"startTime":279.083,"endTime":281.833,"body":"in the cars,"},{"startTime":279.083,"endTime":281.833,"body":"as probably seen, for example,"},{"startTime":281.833,"endTime":284.75,"body":"you know, the dashboard"},{"startTime":281.833,"endTime":284.75,"body":"displays are becoming more flexible"},{"startTime":284.75,"endTime":287.75,"body":"and user configurable,"},{"startTime":284.75,"endTime":287.75,"body":"the displays screens are becoming"},{"startTime":288.375,"endTime":292.208,"body":"bringing in new navigation"},{"startTime":288.375,"endTime":292.208,"body":"and entertainment options, for example."},{"startTime":292.958,"endTime":296.708,"body":"But it's also frustrating that"},{"startTime":292.958,"endTime":296.708,"body":"once you buy a vehicle, it is practically"},{"startTime":297.375,"endTime":300.625,"body":"already old"},{"startTime":297.375,"endTime":300.625,"body":"because it's fixed in its capabilities"},{"startTime":300.625,"endTime":303.916,"body":"for the time that you own it,"},{"startTime":300.625,"endTime":303.916,"body":"which could be 10 to 12 years."},{"startTime":304.875,"endTime":305.458,"body":"So people are"},{"startTime":305.458,"endTime":308.708,"body":"demanding that,"},{"startTime":305.458,"endTime":308.708,"body":"these vehicles can be updated"},{"startTime":309.208,"endTime":312.5,"body":"with the latest safety, convenience"},{"startTime":309.208,"endTime":312.5,"body":"and personalization features"},{"startTime":313.208,"endTime":316.5,"body":"throughout the lifecycle of the vehicle,"},{"startTime":313.208,"endTime":316.5,"body":"just like your smartphone."},{"startTime":317.375,"endTime":320.0,"body":"And companies"},{"startTime":317.375,"endTime":320.0,"body":"are responding to that trend."},{"startTime":320.0,"endTime":323.375,"body":"but that requires"},{"startTime":320.0,"endTime":323.375,"body":"that the underlying software and hardware"},{"startTime":323.375,"endTime":326.666,"body":"architecture of these vehicles"},{"startTime":323.375,"endTime":326.666,"body":"be drastically changed."},{"startTime":327.875,"endTime":331.0,"body":"So this is very Apex.AI comes in,"},{"startTime":327.875,"endTime":331.0,"body":"which is where I work today."},{"startTime":331.833,"endTime":335.5,"body":"So we provide the underlying software"},{"startTime":331.833,"endTime":335.5,"body":"development kit,"},{"startTime":335.875,"endTime":339.916,"body":"commonly known as the middleware"},{"startTime":335.875,"endTime":339.916,"body":"that essentially abstracts"},{"startTime":339.916,"endTime":343.458,"body":"the underlying hardware,"},{"startTime":339.916,"endTime":343.458,"body":"which is the compute."},{"startTime":344.666,"endTime":347.666,"body":"from companies"},{"startTime":344.666,"endTime":347.666,"body":"like Intel, Qualcomm or NVIDIA"},{"startTime":348.208,"endTime":351.083,"body":"and the Real-Time Operating System"},{"startTime":348.208,"endTime":351.083,"body":"just like, you know,"},{"startTime":351.083,"endTime":354.083,"body":"QNX or Linux,"},{"startTime":354.208,"endTime":356.041,"body":"and allows you"},{"startTime":356.041,"endTime":359.041,"body":"to build a modern applications on top."},{"startTime":359.625,"endTime":362.416,"body":"So we have a couple of products"},{"startTime":359.625,"endTime":362.416,"body":"like Apex.Grace"},{"startTime":362.416,"endTime":367.5,"body":"and Apex.Ida that are built on open"},{"startTime":362.416,"endTime":367.5,"body":"standards such as ROS,"},{"startTime":367.583,"endTime":372.458,"body":"which is short for the robot"},{"startTime":367.583,"endTime":372.458,"body":"operating system, which has been developed"},{"startTime":372.458,"endTime":377.125,"body":"specifically for robotic applications"},{"startTime":372.458,"endTime":377.125,"body":"by a large community of developers."},{"startTime":378.666,"endTime":380.041,"body":"the Eclipse iceoryx,"},{"startTime":380.041,"endTime":384.0,"body":"which is a communication mechanism"},{"startTime":380.041,"endTime":384.0,"body":"used to transport data on a single chip"},{"startTime":385.041,"endTime":388.416,"body":"and Eclipse Cyclone DDS,"},{"startTime":385.041,"endTime":388.416,"body":"which is a communication"},{"startTime":388.416,"endTime":391.833,"body":"mechanism used to transport"},{"startTime":388.416,"endTime":391.833,"body":"data across a network such as Ethernet."},{"startTime":392.833,"endTime":395.833,"body":"So we are basing our products"},{"startTime":392.833,"endTime":395.833,"body":"based on these standards,"},{"startTime":395.916,"endTime":400.833,"body":"but we are sort of industrializing them"},{"startTime":395.916,"endTime":400.833,"body":"so they can be used for the safety"},{"startTime":401.25,"endTime":404.0,"body":"relevant applications"},{"startTime":401.25,"endTime":404.0,"body":"like automotive mobility."},{"startTime":404.0,"endTime":407.166,"body":"And we are the only company"},{"startTime":404.0,"endTime":407.166,"body":"that brings the power of open standards"},{"startTime":407.166,"endTime":410.916,"body":"to the automotive industry"},{"startTime":407.166,"endTime":410.916,"body":"with a safe, certified and developer"},{"startTime":410.916,"endTime":413.916,"body":"friendly software solution for mobility."},{"startTime":415.458,"endTime":417.333,"body":"So that's that's where we are today."},{"startTime":417.333,"endTime":418.541,"body":"Okay, good."},{"startTime":418.541,"endTime":421.125,"body":"So when I listen to all this,"},{"startTime":421.125,"endTime":424.166,"body":"the two themes here are safety"},{"startTime":421.125,"endTime":424.166,"body":"and software, right?"},{"startTime":425.458,"endTime":428.5,"body":"So if your history and your passion,"},{"startTime":425.458,"endTime":428.5,"body":"as you mentioned earlier,"},{"startTime":428.541,"endTime":432.625,"body":"when you were at General Motors"},{"startTime":428.541,"endTime":432.625,"body":"and then at Bosch ,AVL,"},{"startTime":432.625,"endTime":436.625,"body":"it's heavily software related"},{"startTime":432.625,"endTime":436.625,"body":"and it's heavily safety related. So"},{"startTime":438.0,"endTime":438.333,"body":"in this"},{"startTime":438.333,"endTime":441.666,"body":"discussion here, when we re-imagine"},{"startTime":438.333,"endTime":441.666,"body":"mobility, what's the next step?"},{"startTime":441.666,"endTime":444.666,"body":"I mean, everybody"},{"startTime":441.666,"endTime":444.666,"body":"today talks about safety."},{"startTime":445.0,"endTime":449.625,"body":"At the same time, we're putting more"},{"startTime":445.0,"endTime":449.625,"body":"and more autonomous features on the road"},{"startTime":449.625,"endTime":454.5,"body":"that depending on which vehicles"},{"startTime":449.625,"endTime":454.5,"body":"you drive, you know, I travel a lot"},{"startTime":454.5,"endTime":458.625,"body":"and use a lot of different vehicles"},{"startTime":454.5,"endTime":458.625,"body":"when I get to the place, rental vehicles"},{"startTime":458.625,"endTime":460.125,"body":"that are trying"},{"startTime":458.625,"endTime":460.125,"body":"to always have a different one."},{"startTime":460.125,"endTime":464.083,"body":"And I was always used to ADAS feature"},{"startTime":460.125,"endTime":464.083,"body":"and sometimes I have to say,"},{"startTime":464.083,"endTime":468.041,"body":"Wow, great job and not a case is mine"},{"startTime":464.083,"endTime":468.041,"body":"is really scares me myself a little bit."},{"startTime":468.666,"endTime":469.041,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":469.041,"endTime":472.041,"body":"So where do you see"},{"startTime":469.041,"endTime":472.041,"body":"the industry go when it's clear"},{"startTime":472.041,"endTime":475.041,"body":"Software is becoming more"},{"startTime":472.041,"endTime":475.041,"body":"and more dominant?"},{"startTime":475.416,"endTime":479.25,"body":"You can never forget physical, mechanical"},{"startTime":475.416,"endTime":479.25,"body":"and electronics, obviously,"},{"startTime":479.25,"endTime":481.25,"body":"because otherwise software"},{"startTime":479.25,"endTime":481.25,"body":"is not going to do anything."},{"startTime":481.25,"endTime":483.5,"body":"It's just going to be thin air."},{"startTime":481.25,"endTime":483.5,"body":"So to speak."},{"startTime":483.5,"endTime":486.333,"body":"But words to software, major and majority"},{"startTime":486.333,"endTime":489.666,"body":"speaking also the safety going from here."},{"startTime":489.666,"endTime":492.333,"body":"What do you see"},{"startTime":489.666,"endTime":492.333,"body":"in the next five years moving?"},{"startTime":492.333,"endTime":494.916,"body":"Yeah, so I see three major trends, right?"},{"startTime":494.916,"endTime":496.083,"body":"One is because"},{"startTime":496.083,"endTime":500.0,"body":"we are all seeing a lot of electrification"},{"startTime":496.083,"endTime":500.0,"body":"happening in the automotive industry"},{"startTime":500.0,"endTime":503.166,"body":"and across all mobility applications,"},{"startTime":500.0,"endTime":503.166,"body":"not just automotive,"},{"startTime":503.75,"endTime":507.666,"body":"you know, even off vehicles and, and"},{"startTime":507.791,"endTime":511.708,"body":"luggage handling vehicles"},{"startTime":507.791,"endTime":511.708,"body":"getting electrified,"},{"startTime":512.041,"endTime":515.875,"body":"which is a push to make things cleaner,"},{"startTime":512.041,"endTime":515.875,"body":"more sustainable long term."},{"startTime":515.875,"endTime":518.083,"body":"I, I'm a true believer in that."},{"startTime":518.083,"endTime":521.166,"body":"I myself have a electric vehicle"},{"startTime":518.083,"endTime":521.166,"body":"and also solar panels."},{"startTime":521.166,"endTime":524.083,"body":"So make sure we are charging them"},{"startTime":521.166,"endTime":524.083,"body":"more sustainably."},{"startTime":524.083,"endTime":524.916,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":524.916,"endTime":527.708,"body":"and I think that's going to be the trend"},{"startTime":527.708,"endTime":531.333,"body":"that gives an opportunity"},{"startTime":527.708,"endTime":531.333,"body":"for vehicle manufacturers"},{"startTime":531.333,"endTime":535.166,"body":"to sort of design their hardware"},{"startTime":531.333,"endTime":535.166,"body":"and software from the ground up,"},{"startTime":536.375,"endTime":538.791,"body":"which means they can build more software"},{"startTime":538.791,"endTime":543.25,"body":"defined architectures"},{"startTime":538.791,"endTime":543.25,"body":"than the legacy vehicles."},{"startTime":543.916,"endTime":547.708,"body":"So you can see a lot of the new electric"},{"startTime":543.916,"endTime":547.708,"body":"vehicle OEMs actually"},{"startTime":548.125,"endTime":551.125,"body":"producing products at a much faster clip"},{"startTime":551.25,"endTime":554.25,"body":"in terms of, you know, revisions, updates"},{"startTime":554.291,"endTime":558.041,"body":"because they have modern architectures"},{"startTime":554.291,"endTime":558.041,"body":"and that is going to be the trend."},{"startTime":558.041,"endTime":561.125,"body":"I think also with legacy"},{"startTime":558.041,"endTime":561.125,"body":"or traditional OEMs,"},{"startTime":561.625,"endTime":565.208,"body":"they are going to re-architect"},{"startTime":561.625,"endTime":565.208,"body":"their next generation vehicles."},{"startTime":565.583,"endTime":569.5,"body":"And in those terms,"},{"startTime":565.583,"endTime":569.5,"body":"what I see is in the next"},{"startTime":569.5,"endTime":572.5,"body":"5 to 7 years,"},{"startTime":569.5,"endTime":572.5,"body":"there's going to be a transition."},{"startTime":572.916,"endTime":575.916,"body":"for now,"},{"startTime":572.916,"endTime":575.916,"body":"I think most vehicles that you buy today,"},{"startTime":576.25,"endTime":581.25,"body":"have very little software"},{"startTime":576.25,"endTime":581.25,"body":"updatable content."},{"startTime":581.5,"endTime":584.666,"body":"There is a some, some in there,"},{"startTime":584.666,"endTime":587.75,"body":"there are some companies"},{"startTime":584.666,"endTime":587.75,"body":"who are able to do updates in real time."},{"startTime":588.166,"endTime":589.458,"body":"Most of them are not."},{"startTime":589.458,"endTime":593.166,"body":"At the moment,"},{"startTime":589.458,"endTime":593.166,"body":"I think, but 27, 28 timeframe,"},{"startTime":593.166,"endTime":596.666,"body":"you will see more, more of those vehicles"},{"startTime":593.166,"endTime":596.666,"body":"being updated,"},{"startTime":597.166,"endTime":602.0,"body":"remotely features being fixed and,"},{"startTime":597.166,"endTime":602.0,"body":"and new features are being provided."},{"startTime":602.625,"endTime":606.791,"body":"And by 2030 approximately,"},{"startTime":602.625,"endTime":606.791,"body":"I think you will see that becoming"},{"startTime":606.791,"endTime":608.458,"body":"more mainstream."},{"startTime":608.458,"endTime":611.458,"body":"So in the next few years"},{"startTime":608.458,"endTime":611.458,"body":"they'll be a transition."},{"startTime":611.541,"endTime":616.416,"body":"There'll be more adoption of,"},{"startTime":611.541,"endTime":616.416,"body":"you know, single different"},{"startTime":616.416,"endTime":619.833,"body":"architectures, underlying architectures"},{"startTime":616.416,"endTime":619.833,"body":"in hardware and software,"},{"startTime":620.708,"endTime":624.333,"body":"and it'll be driven by electrification,"},{"startTime":620.708,"endTime":624.333,"body":"but also be driven by,"},{"startTime":625.958,"endTime":627.666,"body":"safety and automation."},{"startTime":627.666,"endTime":632.583,"body":"And the reason I say that is in a safety"},{"startTime":627.666,"endTime":632.583,"body":"and automation are areas that are"},{"startTime":633.291,"endTime":636.708,"body":"that can be very heavily"},{"startTime":633.291,"endTime":636.708,"body":"influenced by software,"},{"startTime":637.708,"endTime":640.708,"body":"safety in the engine of the,"},{"startTime":641.0,"endTime":643.416,"body":"human beings being responsible"},{"startTime":641.0,"endTime":643.416,"body":"for currently for"},{"startTime":643.416,"endTime":646.416,"body":"driving"},{"startTime":643.416,"endTime":646.416,"body":"vehicles have a certain response time"},{"startTime":646.625,"endTime":650.75,"body":"and software can definitely with,"},{"startTime":646.625,"endTime":650.75,"body":"you know, with high fidelity sensors"},{"startTime":651.166,"endTime":655.083,"body":"you can have software"},{"startTime":651.166,"endTime":655.083,"body":"respond ten times faster than humans."},{"startTime":655.458,"endTime":658.541,"body":"And that's especially critical"},{"startTime":655.458,"endTime":658.541,"body":"in urban areas"},{"startTime":659.166,"endTime":662.708,"body":"like in, in cities like in I'm"},{"startTime":659.166,"endTime":662.708,"body":"in a small city, like in Ottawa,"},{"startTime":662.708,"endTime":667.583,"body":"but even here when you go downtown, you"},{"startTime":662.708,"endTime":667.583,"body":"I feel sometimes that you know,"},{"startTime":668.041,"endTime":672.25,"body":"the some of the large vehicles"},{"startTime":668.041,"endTime":672.25,"body":"that we see playing on the road"},{"startTime":672.291,"endTime":677.0,"body":"in urban traffic can benefit"},{"startTime":672.291,"endTime":677.0,"body":"from much better safety features,"},{"startTime":677.166,"endTime":680.791,"body":"especially for vulnerable"},{"startTime":677.166,"endTime":680.791,"body":"road users like pedestrians and cyclists."},{"startTime":681.666,"endTime":685.583,"body":"So to make roads safer,"},{"startTime":681.666,"endTime":685.583,"body":"you need a better sensing capability,"},{"startTime":686.0,"endTime":689.0,"body":"better reaction times from those vehicles."},{"startTime":689.458,"endTime":691.5,"body":"and that's possible through software."},{"startTime":693.166,"endTime":695.041,"body":"So from my perspective,"},{"startTime":695.041,"endTime":699.041,"body":"urban safety is going to become more"},{"startTime":695.041,"endTime":699.041,"body":"and more important."},{"startTime":699.458,"endTime":701.708,"body":"Yes, highway safety is also important."},{"startTime":701.708,"endTime":706.458,"body":"but I think a lot of lives lost"},{"startTime":701.708,"endTime":706.458,"body":"today are in the urban environment,"},{"startTime":706.958,"endTime":711.666,"body":"and we can reduce that by"},{"startTime":706.958,"endTime":711.666,"body":"not only software in the vehicles,"},{"startTime":711.666,"endTime":712.333,"body":"but also there are"},{"startTime":712.333,"endTime":715.791,"body":"other infrastructural issues we have"},{"startTime":712.333,"endTime":715.791,"body":"which we will not talk about today,"},{"startTime":716.208,"endTime":720.208,"body":"but software definitely as a, as a key"},{"startTime":716.208,"endTime":720.208,"body":"role to play there in the vehicles."},{"startTime":720.625,"endTime":723.875,"body":"So you can improve safety,"},{"startTime":723.875,"endTime":728.25,"body":"you can improve sustainability"},{"startTime":723.875,"endTime":728.25,"body":"with electrification and then automation."},{"startTime":728.25,"endTime":732.75,"body":"I think with automation, what we will see"},{"startTime":728.25,"endTime":732.75,"body":"in the next 5 to 7 years is increased"},{"startTime":732.75,"endTime":738.125,"body":"adoption of automation in areas"},{"startTime":732.75,"endTime":738.125,"body":"where there is, repetitive tasks,"},{"startTime":738.333,"endTime":743.291,"body":"there is drudgery of,"},{"startTime":738.333,"endTime":743.291,"body":"you know, due to repetitive tasks like in"},{"startTime":743.291,"endTime":746.958,"body":"in industrial environments, warehouses,"},{"startTime":747.583,"endTime":750.125,"body":"luggage handling, things like that."},{"startTime":750.125,"endTime":752.416,"body":"Those will be automated first."},{"startTime":752.416,"endTime":754.708,"body":"Then we will see as,"},{"startTime":754.708,"endTime":758.833,"body":"as automation"},{"startTime":754.708,"endTime":758.833,"body":"becomes more accepted on public roads,"},{"startTime":759.375,"endTime":762.666,"body":"I think we will see a bit more adoption"},{"startTime":759.375,"endTime":762.666,"body":"of automation on public roads as well,"},{"startTime":763.083,"endTime":764.375,"body":"but proper,"},{"startTime":764.375,"endTime":768.875,"body":"no guardrails around it in terms of"},{"startTime":764.375,"endTime":768.875,"body":"what can be done and what cannot be done."},{"startTime":769.958,"endTime":771.791,"body":"So automation in my"},{"startTime":771.791,"endTime":775.375,"body":"mind has a much longer arc at the moment"},{"startTime":771.791,"endTime":775.375,"body":"in terms of adoption."},{"startTime":775.708,"endTime":777.791,"body":"Electrification will come first."},{"startTime":777.791,"endTime":781.541,"body":"you know, urban safety"},{"startTime":777.791,"endTime":781.541,"body":"and then finally automation."},{"startTime":781.791,"endTime":783.875,"body":"That's how I see it."},{"startTime":783.875,"endTime":785.708,"body":"Okay, that's good."},{"startTime":785.708,"endTime":788.25,"body":"Well, let's dive"},{"startTime":785.708,"endTime":788.25,"body":"a little bit into the software, right?"},{"startTime":788.25,"endTime":790.291,"body":"I mean, fundamentally,"},{"startTime":788.25,"endTime":790.291,"body":"I always look at software."},{"startTime":790.291,"endTime":794.5,"body":"You have the low level software,"},{"startTime":790.291,"endTime":794.5,"body":"what you mentioned before, that interfaces"},{"startTime":794.5,"endTime":796.541,"body":"directly with with the chip. Right."},{"startTime":796.541,"endTime":799.541,"body":"And you have to middlelayer"},{"startTime":796.541,"endTime":799.541,"body":"that you guys are working on."},{"startTime":799.791,"endTime":802.916,"body":"And then you have what I would say,"},{"startTime":799.791,"endTime":802.916,"body":"what the customer can touch or"},{"startTime":802.916,"endTime":807.666,"body":"at least feel and or see to some degree,"},{"startTime":802.916,"endTime":807.666,"body":"which is the application layer."},{"startTime":807.666,"endTime":807.875,"body":"Right?"},{"startTime":807.875,"endTime":810.958,"body":"And that's also when you talk"},{"startTime":807.875,"endTime":810.958,"body":"to a software guy a whole lot more."},{"startTime":810.958,"endTime":813.458,"body":"But yeah, he's three layers."},{"startTime":813.458,"endTime":814.708,"body":"When we look at this, right?"},{"startTime":814.708,"endTime":815.75,"body":"We have a lot of companies"},{"startTime":815.75,"endTime":819.375,"body":"that talk about software"},{"startTime":815.75,"endTime":819.375,"body":"and a really mean application layer."},{"startTime":819.875,"endTime":822.958,"body":"We have more and more companies"},{"startTime":819.875,"endTime":822.958,"body":"that are talking about the importance"},{"startTime":822.958,"endTime":824.0,"body":"of the middle layer."},{"startTime":824.0,"endTime":827.833,"body":"I would say there's few"},{"startTime":824.0,"endTime":827.833,"body":"that really talk about the base"},{"startTime":827.833,"endTime":829.625,"body":"layer software, as I call it, right?"},{"startTime":829.625,"endTime":832.625,"body":"But this is certainly the critical piece"},{"startTime":829.625,"endTime":832.625,"body":"to make things work."},{"startTime":832.958,"endTime":836.0,"body":"But when you look at it, when we when we"},{"startTime":832.958,"endTime":836.0,"body":"when we look at the future"},{"startTime":836.0,"endTime":839.0,"body":"and you mention it,"},{"startTime":836.0,"endTime":839.0,"body":"the software defined vehicle, right?"},{"startTime":839.416,"endTime":842.458,"body":"Dependent if it's for an electric vehicle,"},{"startTime":839.416,"endTime":842.458,"body":"if it's for a"},{"startTime":842.5,"endTime":843.875,"body":"for a vehicle, specifically"},{"startTime":843.875,"endTime":847.0,"body":"a two 8 hours or a level four,"},{"startTime":843.875,"endTime":847.0,"body":"maybe level five in the future."},{"startTime":847.0,"endTime":850.083,"body":"Software. What is the most important"},{"startTime":850.5,"endTime":854.041,"body":"layer of the software"},{"startTime":850.5,"endTime":854.041,"body":"and why for from your perspective?"},{"startTime":855.458,"endTime":855.75,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":855.75,"endTime":860.708,"body":"So I think the best analogy here"},{"startTime":855.75,"endTime":860.708,"body":"is our mobile device, right?"},{"startTime":860.708,"endTime":866.041,"body":"So you can see on a mobile device,"},{"startTime":860.708,"endTime":866.041,"body":"you get an underlying piece of hardware"},{"startTime":866.25,"endTime":867.625,"body":"that you purchase."},{"startTime":867.625,"endTime":871.083,"body":"But obviously in there"},{"startTime":867.625,"endTime":871.083,"body":"you have an operating system"},{"startTime":871.083,"endTime":874.833,"body":"that you know, you don't see,"},{"startTime":871.083,"endTime":874.833,"body":"but it's there, it makes things happen."},{"startTime":875.25,"endTime":877.958,"body":"It, you know, is sort of the,"},{"startTime":877.958,"endTime":880.958,"body":"the network behind everything else."},{"startTime":881.458,"endTime":883.291,"body":"And then you have the apps on top, right?"},{"startTime":883.291,"endTime":886.5,"body":"Apps are the ones that you download"},{"startTime":883.291,"endTime":886.5,"body":"based on your needs"},{"startTime":886.5,"endTime":889.958,"body":"and you personalize"},{"startTime":886.5,"endTime":889.958,"body":"the device to your needs based on that."},{"startTime":890.5,"endTime":893.5,"body":"So something similar is happening"},{"startTime":890.5,"endTime":893.5,"body":"in the automotive industry."},{"startTime":893.583,"endTime":896.583,"body":"the only challenge today is"},{"startTime":893.583,"endTime":896.583,"body":"there is a variety"},{"startTime":896.583,"endTime":901.291,"body":"of operating systems in place"},{"startTime":896.583,"endTime":901.291,"body":"and there is a variety of hardware,"},{"startTime":903.0,"endTime":905.75,"body":"technologies,"},{"startTime":903.0,"endTime":905.75,"body":"hardware architectures in place,"},{"startTime":905.75,"endTime":911.708,"body":"which is all good,"},{"startTime":905.75,"endTime":911.708,"body":"you know, for up and on top of that,"},{"startTime":911.708,"endTime":915.125,"body":"we have additional requirements"},{"startTime":911.708,"endTime":915.125,"body":"for safety."},{"startTime":915.125,"endTime":918.666,"body":"So your mobile device can be rebooted"},{"startTime":915.125,"endTime":918.666,"body":"with if it, if it freezes, but a car"},{"startTime":919.0,"endTime":923.458,"body":"has to have a safe operating system,"},{"startTime":919.0,"endTime":923.458,"body":"has to be robust and you can't afford"},{"startTime":923.458,"endTime":929.0,"body":"to reboot it every every day or every"},{"startTime":923.458,"endTime":929.0,"body":"second, second hour because of a problem."},{"startTime":929.166,"endTime":932.875,"body":"So there's strict safety requirements"},{"startTime":929.166,"endTime":932.875,"body":"for for mobility applications."},{"startTime":933.583,"endTime":937.625,"body":"So, what we are trying to do at"},{"startTime":937.625,"endTime":942.125,"body":"Apex.AI is making that middle layer,"},{"startTime":937.625,"endTime":942.125,"body":"which is in between"},{"startTime":942.125,"endTime":946.875,"body":"the top level applications that,"},{"startTime":942.125,"endTime":946.875,"body":"make your life convenient on the road"},{"startTime":947.5,"endTime":951.333,"body":"and the underlying hardware"},{"startTime":947.5,"endTime":951.333,"body":"and the base levels are for the base level"},{"startTime":951.333,"endTime":956.916,"body":"software is provided by companies like"},{"startTime":951.333,"endTime":956.916,"body":"BlackBerry, QNX, Greenhills and others."},{"startTime":956.916,"endTime":959.833,"body":"Those are the Real-Time Operating System."},{"startTime":959.833,"endTime":963.833,"body":"and on top of that is a communication"},{"startTime":959.833,"endTime":963.833,"body":"layer that essentially,"},{"startTime":964.333,"endTime":967.083,"body":"allows these"},{"startTime":967.083,"endTime":970.75,"body":"large amounts of data"},{"startTime":967.083,"endTime":970.75,"body":"coming from different sensors to be"},{"startTime":970.916,"endTime":974.791,"body":"to be transported"},{"startTime":970.916,"endTime":974.791,"body":"across the, the, the, the chip"},{"startTime":975.125,"endTime":978.416,"body":"chip architecture to be to be"},{"startTime":978.416,"endTime":981.958,"body":"sent to the, to the sensors"},{"startTime":978.416,"endTime":981.958,"body":"or from the sensors to their traders."},{"startTime":982.291,"endTime":986.083,"body":"And then on top of that is this framework"},{"startTime":982.291,"endTime":986.083,"body":"that you provide Apex.Grace."},{"startTime":986.75,"endTime":990.791,"body":"Which essentially abstracts all the lower"},{"startTime":986.75,"endTime":990.791,"body":"levels of the application layer."},{"startTime":992.083,"endTime":993.75,"body":"software can be written,"},{"startTime":993.75,"endTime":997.5,"body":"without much concern"},{"startTime":993.75,"endTime":997.5,"body":"about what's underneath."},{"startTime":997.958,"endTime":1000.75,"body":"And that's what we see in the,"},{"startTime":1000.75,"endTime":1003.166,"body":"in the Android ecosystem, for example."},{"startTime":1003.166,"endTime":1006.166,"body":"So you have multiple hardware providers"},{"startTime":1003.166,"endTime":1006.166,"body":"for the Android phones,"},{"startTime":1006.416,"endTime":1009.541,"body":"but a common operating system"},{"startTime":1006.416,"endTime":1009.541,"body":"and framework sitting on top."},{"startTime":1009.958,"endTime":1013.041,"body":"And then you have personalization"},{"startTime":1009.958,"endTime":1013.041,"body":"by the OEMs on top"},{"startTime":1013.041,"endTime":1016.041,"body":"in terms of the look"},{"startTime":1013.041,"endTime":1016.041,"body":"and feel of, of the Android device."},{"startTime":1016.625,"endTime":1021.083,"body":"So Apex.AI’s goal is to sort of"},{"startTime":1016.625,"endTime":1021.083,"body":"become the standard framework"},{"startTime":1021.5,"endTime":1024.25,"body":"for automotive applications"},{"startTime":1024.25,"endTime":1027.25,"body":"going forward"},{"startTime":1024.25,"endTime":1027.25,"body":"following that particular model,"},{"startTime":1027.458,"endTime":1030.916,"body":"and that will make it much easier"},{"startTime":1027.458,"endTime":1030.916,"body":"for app developers."},{"startTime":1031.583,"endTime":1036.291,"body":"for your convenience features like yours,"},{"startTime":1031.583,"endTime":1036.291,"body":"you'll seat, your rearview mirror."},{"startTime":1036.708,"endTime":1040.125,"body":"All the other applications"},{"startTime":1036.708,"endTime":1040.125,"body":"that you will have in the vehicle"},{"startTime":1040.708,"endTime":1044.083,"body":"will be coming across,"},{"startTime":1040.708,"endTime":1044.083,"body":"across different platforms,"},{"startTime":1044.458,"endTime":1047.458,"body":"but they'll be personalized"},{"startTime":1044.458,"endTime":1047.458,"body":"according to the OEM preference."},{"startTime":1047.458,"endTime":1051.333,"body":"So OEMs can differentiate their vehicles"},{"startTime":1047.458,"endTime":1051.333,"body":"based on the applications,"},{"startTime":1051.958,"endTime":1055.208,"body":"regardless of the underlying hardware"},{"startTime":1051.958,"endTime":1055.208,"body":"and operating system being used"},{"startTime":1055.208,"endTime":1057.416,"body":"based on the Apex middle layer."},{"startTime":1055.208,"endTime":1057.416,"body":"that's the idea."},{"startTime":1057.416,"endTime":1061.416,"body":"So we are trying to make sure"},{"startTime":1057.416,"endTime":1061.416,"body":"that we have that robust,"},{"startTime":1062.0,"endTime":1065.416,"body":"so the safety certified middleware"},{"startTime":1062.0,"endTime":1065.416,"body":"framework available,"},{"startTime":1066.208,"endTime":1069.583,"body":"which companies can rely on"},{"startTime":1066.208,"endTime":1069.583,"body":"and they can build their applications"},{"startTime":1069.583,"endTime":1072.333,"body":"on top to differentiate. Okay."},{"startTime":1072.333,"endTime":1075.916,"body":"So as we, as we again here together"},{"startTime":1072.333,"endTime":1075.916,"body":"re-imagine mobility,"},{"startTime":1075.958,"endTime":1081.458,"body":"what are the two or three things"},{"startTime":1075.958,"endTime":1081.458,"body":"that you and your company"},{"startTime":1081.458,"endTime":1086.583,"body":"see in the market"},{"startTime":1081.458,"endTime":1086.583,"body":"that you would say needs to change?"},{"startTime":1086.625,"endTime":1086.958,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":1086.958,"endTime":1091.166,"body":"And I'm talking"},{"startTime":1086.958,"endTime":1091.166,"body":"maybe the supply base is not focused"},{"startTime":1091.166,"endTime":1094.666,"body":"enough on the on the middleware"},{"startTime":1091.166,"endTime":1094.666,"body":"that you just explained and the ability"},{"startTime":1094.666,"endTime":1099.291,"body":"that allows you to"},{"startTime":1094.666,"endTime":1099.291,"body":"put software onto any hardware"},{"startTime":1099.291,"endTime":1102.708,"body":"device independent of what the"},{"startTime":1099.291,"endTime":1102.708,"body":"what the OS is, so to speak."},{"startTime":1103.333,"endTime":1105.625,"body":"Again, similar to the app, right?"},{"startTime":1105.625,"endTime":1109.333,"body":"An app I can download on"},{"startTime":1105.625,"endTime":1109.333,"body":"almost any platform because the software"},{"startTime":1109.333,"endTime":1115.875,"body":"infrastructure is there, or maybe again,"},{"startTime":1109.333,"endTime":1115.875,"body":"what do you guys see that you're saying?"},{"startTime":1115.875,"endTime":1118.875,"body":"I wish I could change"},{"startTime":1115.875,"endTime":1118.875,"body":"maybe the mindset of the OEMs"},{"startTime":1118.875,"endTime":1121.875,"body":"to be more focused on A versus B?"},{"startTime":1121.958,"endTime":1125.291,"body":"And as it relates to, again, everything is"},{"startTime":1121.958,"endTime":1125.291,"body":"related to software and safety."},{"startTime":1125.291,"endTime":1129.166,"body":"Let's keep that theme here from from"},{"startTime":1125.291,"endTime":1129.166,"body":"your history and in the automotive space."},{"startTime":1129.166,"endTime":1132.541,"body":"But what do you see are the two or three"},{"startTime":1129.166,"endTime":1132.541,"body":"things that if you could change today,"},{"startTime":1133.041,"endTime":1134.0,"body":"you would change, right?"},{"startTime":1134.0,"endTime":1138.125,"body":"A perspective of direction, focus,"},{"startTime":1134.0,"endTime":1138.125,"body":"share a little bit."},{"startTime":1139.0,"endTime":1140.125,"body":"Sure."},{"startTime":1140.125,"endTime":1144.083,"body":"So what we see, I think this is a standard"},{"startTime":1140.125,"endTime":1144.083,"body":"challenge in the automotive industry"},{"startTime":1144.083,"endTime":1149.958,"body":"that we see today, is essentially"},{"startTime":1144.083,"endTime":1149.958,"body":"adopting a modern vehicle architecture"},{"startTime":1150.416,"endTime":1155.0,"body":"and for the, for the layperson,"},{"startTime":1150.416,"endTime":1155.0,"body":"the meaning of architecture"},{"startTime":1155.0,"endTime":1159.291,"body":"is essentially how information"},{"startTime":1155.0,"endTime":1159.291,"body":"within the vehicle flows, right?"},{"startTime":1159.291,"endTime":1163.333,"body":"It comes from, sensors like you have"},{"startTime":1163.333,"endTime":1166.916,"body":"cameras and other, sensors in the vehicle"},{"startTime":1167.208,"endTime":1171.75,"body":"and it goes to a certain central brain"},{"startTime":1167.208,"endTime":1171.75,"body":"in the, in the vehicle."},{"startTime":1172.125,"endTime":1175.041,"body":"Currently there is no central brain"},{"startTime":1172.125,"endTime":1175.041,"body":"in most vehicles,"},{"startTime":1175.041,"endTime":1178.75,"body":"and so the brain is sort of distributed"},{"startTime":1175.041,"endTime":1178.75,"body":"and that has an impact"},{"startTime":1178.75,"endTime":1182.333,"body":"on how data flows, how,"},{"startTime":1178.75,"endTime":1182.333,"body":"how much latency is there,"},{"startTime":1182.75,"endTime":1187.333,"body":"how information is secured in the vehicle"},{"startTime":1182.75,"endTime":1187.333,"body":"and as impact and all of those."},{"startTime":1187.333,"endTime":1190.583,"body":"And then there's a patchwork of solutions"},{"startTime":1187.333,"endTime":1190.583,"body":"to address each of those requirements."},{"startTime":1191.291,"endTime":1195.083,"body":"So that particular challenge"},{"startTime":1191.291,"endTime":1195.083,"body":"is being addressed by RE"},{"startTime":1195.625,"endTime":1198.416,"body":"but taking a clean sheet approach, right?"},{"startTime":1198.416,"endTime":1201.5,"body":"Having one central compute"},{"startTime":1198.416,"endTime":1201.5,"body":"that everything comes in there"},{"startTime":1201.708,"endTime":1204.666,"body":"so that you can harden it for security,"},{"startTime":1201.708,"endTime":1204.666,"body":"you can make it"},{"startTime":1204.666,"endTime":1208.125,"body":"robust, you can have"},{"startTime":1204.666,"endTime":1208.125,"body":"you can upgrade it in one go."},{"startTime":1208.125,"endTime":1208.791,"body":"For example."},{"startTime":1210.458,"endTime":1212.958,"body":"and then you have the software"},{"startTime":1210.458,"endTime":1212.958,"body":"development challenge."},{"startTime":1212.958,"endTime":1217.583,"body":"Most of the current challenges around"},{"startTime":1212.958,"endTime":1217.583,"body":"software are related to,"},{"startTime":1218.041,"endTime":1222.541,"body":"you know, the way"},{"startTime":1218.041,"endTime":1222.541,"body":"software is defined in the OEM"},{"startTime":1222.916,"endTime":1226.791,"body":"and then developed at a tier one"},{"startTime":1222.916,"endTime":1226.791,"body":"and then brought back into the OEM"},{"startTime":1226.791,"endTime":1231.583,"body":"for integration and then you find issues"},{"startTime":1226.791,"endTime":1231.583,"body":"and bugs and then you have to send it"},{"startTime":1231.583,"endTime":1235.958,"body":"back to the Tier one for, for, for fixing"},{"startTime":1231.583,"endTime":1235.958,"body":"and then you have a delay."},{"startTime":1236.208,"endTime":1240.916,"body":"So that introduces a lot of delay"},{"startTime":1236.208,"endTime":1240.916,"body":"in the overall, release of the vehicle."},{"startTime":1241.5,"endTime":1245.5,"body":"And then in service you find bugs"},{"startTime":1241.5,"endTime":1245.5,"body":"and then you have to go back and fix them"},{"startTime":1245.5,"endTime":1247.75,"body":"and then you have to get the vehicle back"},{"startTime":1245.5,"endTime":1247.75,"body":"into the,"},{"startTime":1247.75,"endTime":1250.75,"body":"into the shop for a software update"},{"startTime":1247.75,"endTime":1250.75,"body":"and things like that."},{"startTime":1251.083,"endTime":1255.375,"body":"So there are all these business"},{"startTime":1251.083,"endTime":1255.375,"body":"and technology related challenges."},{"startTime":1255.791,"endTime":1259.666,"body":"The way we propose"},{"startTime":1255.791,"endTime":1259.666,"body":"these can be solved is working"},{"startTime":1259.958,"endTime":1260.958,"body":"Tier Ones and OEMs"},{"startTime":1260.958,"endTime":1264.166,"body":"working more collaboratively"},{"startTime":1260.958,"endTime":1264.166,"body":"on a single repository, for example,"},{"startTime":1264.625,"endTime":1267.416,"body":"the way modern software"},{"startTime":1264.625,"endTime":1267.416,"body":"is built outside of automotive"},{"startTime":1267.416,"endTime":1270.416,"body":"today can be brought"},{"startTime":1267.416,"endTime":1270.416,"body":"into the automotive industry."},{"startTime":1270.625,"endTime":1271.958,"body":"They're working collaboratively."},{"startTime":1271.958,"endTime":1277.5,"body":"They are reducing their development"},{"startTime":1271.958,"endTime":1277.5,"body":"lifecycle by taking the same approach"},{"startTime":1277.5,"endTime":1281.333,"body":"in the prototype build as they were doing"},{"startTime":1277.5,"endTime":1281.333,"body":"the production build."},{"startTime":1281.708,"endTime":1284.625,"body":"So today"},{"startTime":1281.708,"endTime":1284.625,"body":"prototypes are built on a specific"},{"startTime":1284.625,"endTime":1286.875,"body":"platform using specific technologies."},{"startTime":1286.875,"endTime":1288.0,"body":"Then we go to production."},{"startTime":1288.0,"endTime":1292.041,"body":"You have safety certified software, which"},{"startTime":1288.0,"endTime":1292.041,"body":"is different from the prototype world."},{"startTime":1292.333,"endTime":1297.166,"body":"Now you go to re re rebuild"},{"startTime":1292.333,"endTime":1297.166,"body":"and entire application again tested again."},{"startTime":1297.916,"endTime":1301.833,"body":"So we reduce that dramatically"},{"startTime":1297.916,"endTime":1301.833,"body":"by using the ROS open standard"},{"startTime":1302.375,"endTime":1305.791,"body":"and we have sort of hardened it for"},{"startTime":1302.375,"endTime":1305.791,"body":"production and for safety."},{"startTime":1307.041,"endTime":1309.125,"body":"purposes for automotive."},{"startTime":1309.125,"endTime":1312.25,"body":"So you can do the prototyping,"},{"startTime":1309.125,"endTime":1312.25,"body":"you can do the development"},{"startTime":1312.5,"endTime":1316.583,"body":"all in one cycle and,"},{"startTime":1312.5,"endTime":1316.583,"body":"and you can see the newer,"},{"startTime":1316.958,"endTime":1321.916,"body":"OEMs are actually producing vehicles"},{"startTime":1316.958,"endTime":1321.916,"body":"at a much faster clip, two or three year"},{"startTime":1322.25,"endTime":1323.958,"body":"development timescales"},{"startTime":1323.958,"endTime":1326.958,"body":"than the traditional OEMs"},{"startTime":1323.958,"endTime":1326.958,"body":"because they have these processes in place"},{"startTime":1327.375,"endTime":1329.958,"body":"and we are sort of bringing"},{"startTime":1327.375,"endTime":1329.958,"body":"these new technologies"},{"startTime":1329.958,"endTime":1332.958,"body":"also to other OEMs who want to adopt them."},{"startTime":1333.416,"endTime":1336.416,"body":"So making the development more seamless,"},{"startTime":1336.708,"endTime":1339.708,"body":"making in production"},{"startTime":1336.708,"endTime":1339.708,"body":"updates more seamless"},{"startTime":1339.791,"endTime":1342.791,"body":"if you have the right"},{"startTime":1339.791,"endTime":1342.791,"body":"architecture in place"},{"startTime":1343.0,"endTime":1347.166,"body":"and so keeping"},{"startTime":1347.166,"endTime":1351.208,"body":"the entire vehicle lifecycle in mind,"},{"startTime":1347.166,"endTime":1351.208,"body":"making optimizing"},{"startTime":1351.208,"endTime":1354.208,"body":"all these different areas"},{"startTime":1351.208,"endTime":1354.208,"body":"of, of the development cycle."},{"startTime":1354.708,"endTime":1357.916,"body":"So those are the challenges"},{"startTime":1354.708,"endTime":1357.916,"body":"the industry faces and that's how we're"},{"startTime":1358.291,"endTime":1359.375,"body":"addressing them."},{"startTime":1359.375,"endTime":1362.458,"body":"Obviously there's a lot of collaboration"},{"startTime":1359.375,"endTime":1362.458,"body":"here that is key."},{"startTime":1362.75,"endTime":1363.708,"body":"We are not doing everything."},{"startTime":1363.708,"endTime":1367.833,"body":"We are only providing the middlelayer,"},{"startTime":1363.708,"endTime":1367.833,"body":"but we are advising our customers"},{"startTime":1367.833,"endTime":1371.541,"body":"on, on also the right approach"},{"startTime":1367.833,"endTime":1371.541,"body":"to the architecture"},{"startTime":1372.083,"endTime":1375.791,"body":"and the right approach to building"},{"startTime":1372.083,"endTime":1375.791,"body":"modern C++ based software."},{"startTime":1376.458,"endTime":1379.125,"body":"how to, how to do this in the cloud,"},{"startTime":1376.458,"endTime":1379.125,"body":"how to,"},{"startTime":1379.125,"endTime":1383.333,"body":"how to integrate everything together"},{"startTime":1379.125,"endTime":1383.333,"body":"so that you release the development cycle."},{"startTime":1384.083,"endTime":1385.583,"body":"That's what we're focused on."},{"startTime":1385.583,"endTime":1387.125,"body":"Okay, very good."},{"startTime":1387.125,"endTime":1388.125,"body":"Two more questions."},{"startTime":1388.125,"endTime":1390.375,"body":"The first, you brought it up, right?"},{"startTime":1390.375,"endTime":1395.583,"body":"The startups are sort of having challenged"},{"startTime":1390.375,"endTime":1395.583,"body":"and maybe shown the traditional guys"},{"startTime":1395.583,"endTime":1401.125,"body":"OEMs on how you can get software done"},{"startTime":1395.583,"endTime":1401.125,"body":"faster and can launch a vehicle faster"},{"startTime":1401.125,"endTime":1404.208,"body":"because software oftentimes"},{"startTime":1401.125,"endTime":1404.208,"body":"now is the long lead item"},{"startTime":1404.625,"endTime":1408.291,"body":"because it's taking over"},{"startTime":1404.625,"endTime":1408.291,"body":"a much bigger portion of the vehicle"},{"startTime":1408.625,"endTime":1411.375,"body":"function control or base ride."},{"startTime":1412.625,"endTime":1413.208,"body":"At the same"},{"startTime":1413.208,"endTime":1416.375,"body":"time, I'm hearing,"},{"startTime":1413.208,"endTime":1416.375,"body":"you know, people saying, Yeah,"},{"startTime":1416.375,"endTime":1419.833,"body":"that's great, but they don't understand"},{"startTime":1416.375,"endTime":1419.833,"body":"automotive as well."},{"startTime":1420.208,"endTime":1423.291,"body":"There's a lot of again, here's"},{"startTime":1420.208,"endTime":1423.291,"body":"the word again, safety implications."},{"startTime":1423.291,"endTime":1425.5,"body":"If you don't do the software right,"},{"startTime":1425.5,"endTime":1429.75,"body":"we see some OEMs talking about"},{"startTime":1425.5,"endTime":1429.75,"body":"bringing all software in-house."},{"startTime":1430.125,"endTime":1431.208,"body":"Certainly some U.S."},{"startTime":1431.208,"endTime":1432.875,"body":"OEMs have started doing it."},{"startTime":1432.875,"endTime":1436.833,"body":"And we see in Europe"},{"startTime":1432.875,"endTime":1436.833,"body":"there is one that has sort of found that"},{"startTime":1436.833,"endTime":1441.375,"body":"their own group, which they're struggling"},{"startTime":1436.833,"endTime":1441.375,"body":"with right now, what do you see?"},{"startTime":1441.416,"endTime":1445.125,"body":"How do you answer the safety concern"},{"startTime":1441.416,"endTime":1445.125,"body":"and what do you see where is this going?"},{"startTime":1445.125,"endTime":1446.541,"body":"Is it all going?"},{"startTime":1446.541,"endTime":1449.291,"body":"Everybody's going to bring it all in-house"},{"startTime":1446.541,"endTime":1449.291,"body":"or everybody"},{"startTime":1449.291,"endTime":1452.625,"body":"still using the traditional format"},{"startTime":1449.291,"endTime":1452.625,"body":"of outsourcing and more."},{"startTime":1453.0,"endTime":1455.333,"body":"This collaboration"},{"startTime":1453.0,"endTime":1455.333,"body":"that you just mentioned."},{"startTime":1455.333,"endTime":1458.541,"body":"But tell me a little bit what"},{"startTime":1455.333,"endTime":1458.541,"body":"what do you see from your perspective?"},{"startTime":1458.541,"endTime":1459.75,"body":"Where does this going?"},{"startTime":1459.75,"endTime":1463.291,"body":"Yeah, so I think this has been an issue"},{"startTime":1459.75,"endTime":1463.291,"body":"that,"},{"startTime":1463.291,"endTime":1466.875,"body":"we have sort of observed over the last 15,"},{"startTime":1463.291,"endTime":1466.875,"body":"20 years."},{"startTime":1467.166,"endTime":1470.333,"body":"It's also a little bit"},{"startTime":1467.166,"endTime":1470.333,"body":"of a cultural difference."},{"startTime":1470.333,"endTime":1473.5,"body":"And Europe,"},{"startTime":1470.333,"endTime":1473.5,"body":"most OEMs have been relying on tier ones"},{"startTime":1473.541,"endTime":1477.458,"body":"to build their software systems and to do"},{"startTime":1473.541,"endTime":1477.458,"body":"integration in-house in North America."},{"startTime":1477.5,"endTime":1479.708,"body":"Have seen OEMs build everything in-house,"},{"startTime":1480.916,"endTime":1483.916,"body":"just buying the hardware"},{"startTime":1480.916,"endTime":1483.916,"body":"and doing the entire software in-house."},{"startTime":1484.083,"endTime":1486.833,"body":"And that seems to be continuing"},{"startTime":1484.083,"endTime":1486.833,"body":"in North America."},{"startTime":1486.833,"endTime":1489.0,"body":"And there are advantages to that also."},{"startTime":1489.0,"endTime":1491.708,"body":"and then obviously OEMs,"},{"startTime":1491.708,"endTime":1496.458,"body":"as you said, building these small groups,"},{"startTime":1491.708,"endTime":1496.458,"body":"more agile technologies,"},{"startTime":1496.666,"endTime":1499.833,"body":"modern software practices in small groups"},{"startTime":1496.666,"endTime":1499.833,"body":"because you know,"},{"startTime":1499.958,"endTime":1502.958,"body":"they have their own cultural,"},{"startTime":1503.208,"endTime":1504.833,"body":"you know,"},{"startTime":1504.833,"endTime":1507.083,"body":"legacy to deal with"},{"startTime":1504.833,"endTime":1507.083,"body":"in the traditional environment."},{"startTime":1507.083,"endTime":1508.875,"body":"So that cannot be changed overnight."},{"startTime":1508.875,"endTime":1513.583,"body":"But they, they want to absorb all the new"},{"startTime":1508.875,"endTime":1513.583,"body":"methods in this, in the newer groups."},{"startTime":1514.0,"endTime":1517.5,"body":"So what I, what I imagine will happen"},{"startTime":1514.0,"endTime":1517.5,"body":"is that these technologies,"},{"startTime":1517.5,"endTime":1521.416,"body":"the new software development processes,"},{"startTime":1517.5,"endTime":1521.416,"body":"will become mainstream within the Williams"},{"startTime":1522.166,"endTime":1526.083,"body":"as, as we as you talk about,"},{"startTime":1522.166,"endTime":1526.083,"body":"making the architectures"},{"startTime":1526.083,"endTime":1529.625,"body":"more modern in the next five years,"},{"startTime":1526.083,"endTime":1529.625,"body":"it has to come together."},{"startTime":1529.666,"endTime":1531.875,"body":"You can't have two different groups"},{"startTime":1529.666,"endTime":1531.875,"body":"doing software."},{"startTime":1531.875,"endTime":1535.541,"body":"And when it comes together,"},{"startTime":1531.875,"endTime":1535.541,"body":"I think the entire, the"},{"startTime":1536.625,"endTime":1539.541,"body":"entire company will use a common software"},{"startTime":1536.625,"endTime":1539.541,"body":"methodology."},{"startTime":1539.541,"endTime":1540.458,"body":"It has to happen."},{"startTime":1540.458,"endTime":1542.541,"body":"You know,"},{"startTime":1540.458,"endTime":1542.541,"body":"if you have two different methodologies,"},{"startTime":1542.541,"endTime":1545.541,"body":"you will always have friction,"},{"startTime":1542.541,"endTime":1545.541,"body":"you'll have all of the problems,"},{"startTime":1545.583,"endTime":1548.583,"body":"so they will all come together."},{"startTime":1549.541,"endTime":1552.416,"body":"whether they all do the entire software"},{"startTime":1552.416,"endTime":1556.625,"body":"in-house or outsource"},{"startTime":1552.416,"endTime":1556.625,"body":"some of it remains to be seen."},{"startTime":1556.958,"endTime":1558.5,"body":"I think there'll be more collaboration"},{"startTime":1558.5,"endTime":1561.75,"body":"as a, as I mentioned earlier,"},{"startTime":1558.5,"endTime":1561.75,"body":"which means the core software"},{"startTime":1562.291,"endTime":1564.833,"body":"will, will not be developed by the OEMs"},{"startTime":1564.833,"endTime":1567.916,"body":"because there is no value"},{"startTime":1564.833,"endTime":1567.916,"body":"for the OEM to build."},{"startTime":1567.916,"endTime":1570.916,"body":"For example, that Android OS,"},{"startTime":1572.291,"endTime":1573.5,"body":"there is no relevance"},{"startTime":1573.5,"endTime":1577.541,"body":"for SoCs for, for a mobile OEM to build"},{"startTime":1573.5,"endTime":1577.541,"body":"the Android OS,"},{"startTime":1577.791,"endTime":1580.833,"body":"it comes from Google, it's standard,"},{"startTime":1577.791,"endTime":1580.833,"body":"they maintain it."},{"startTime":1581.208,"endTime":1584.333,"body":"You take it and you build"},{"startTime":1581.208,"endTime":1584.333,"body":"the entire ecosystem around it."},{"startTime":1584.541,"endTime":1588.291,"body":"That gives that, that makes it"},{"startTime":1584.541,"endTime":1588.291,"body":"looks like your phone, same thing."},{"startTime":1588.291,"endTime":1591.333,"body":"But for all the audience,"},{"startTime":1588.291,"endTime":1591.333,"body":"they will take a standard"},{"startTime":1591.333,"endTime":1596.333,"body":"operating system on the standard"},{"startTime":1591.333,"endTime":1596.333,"body":"hardware and build, the experience on top"},{"startTime":1596.375,"endTime":1600.166,"body":"that that makes it,"},{"startTime":1596.375,"endTime":1600.166,"body":"that particular OEMs vehicle."},{"startTime":1600.916,"endTime":1604.041,"body":"So that is the, I think the overall trend."},{"startTime":1604.541,"endTime":1607.208,"body":"I think both, OEMs"},{"startTime":1607.208,"endTime":1610.208,"body":"across the world"},{"startTime":1607.208,"endTime":1610.208,"body":"will eventually follow that trend."},{"startTime":1610.458,"endTime":1613.333,"body":"They'll probably be two or three,"},{"startTime":1614.5,"endTime":1617.166,"body":"market leading,"},{"startTime":1617.166,"endTime":1620.208,"body":"middlelayer platforms"},{"startTime":1617.166,"endTime":1620.208,"body":"like Apex in the market,"},{"startTime":1620.416,"endTime":1623.416,"body":"and they will,"},{"startTime":1620.416,"endTime":1623.416,"body":"they will choose which ones to use,"},{"startTime":1623.416,"endTime":1627.416,"body":"They will all be equally performant"},{"startTime":1623.416,"endTime":1627.416,"body":"in terms of, you know, data"},{"startTime":1627.416,"endTime":1631.666,"body":"transport, communication, safety, security"},{"startTime":1627.416,"endTime":1631.666,"body":"and all those things so people"},{"startTime":1631.666,"endTime":1635.416,"body":"don't have to worry about,"},{"startTime":1631.666,"endTime":1635.416,"body":"the integrity of the middlelayer."},{"startTime":1636.0,"endTime":1640.583,"body":"The user experience will determine"},{"startTime":1636.0,"endTime":1640.583,"body":"which body, which ones are more prevalent."},{"startTime":1641.083,"endTime":1643.583,"body":"So the in the end,"},{"startTime":1641.083,"endTime":1643.583,"body":"the software developers experience,"},{"startTime":1643.583,"endTime":1646.583,"body":"the user experience is"},{"startTime":1643.583,"endTime":1646.583,"body":"what matters the most."},{"startTime":1646.875,"endTime":1650.958,"body":"And that's where we think,"},{"startTime":1646.875,"endTime":1650.958,"body":"we will end up in a few years."},{"startTime":1651.375,"endTime":1653.125,"body":"Okay, good."},{"startTime":1653.125,"endTime":1654.708,"body":"Final question for you. Yeah."},{"startTime":1654.708,"endTime":1657.708,"body":"What's going to be the next vehicle"},{"startTime":1654.708,"endTime":1657.708,"body":"you buy and why"},{"startTime":1658.625,"endTime":1659.625,"body":"so? Good question."},{"startTime":1659.625,"endTime":1662.625,"body":"I mean, I currently have a Chevy Bolt"},{"startTime":1662.625,"endTime":1666.708,"body":"and I love it and I will probably continue"},{"startTime":1662.625,"endTime":1666.708,"body":"with the electric vehicle."},{"startTime":1667.791,"endTime":1668.875,"body":"I'm looking at the Bolt"},{"startTime":1668.875,"endTime":1672.916,"body":"EUV right now, which I like a lot"},{"startTime":1668.875,"endTime":1672.916,"body":"because the Bolt EV"},{"startTime":1672.916,"endTime":1676.125,"body":"is not available anymore,"},{"startTime":1672.916,"endTime":1676.125,"body":"but I'm a small car guy."},{"startTime":1676.125,"endTime":1677.416,"body":"I live in a small cities."},{"startTime":1677.416,"endTime":1681.333,"body":"I would prefer a small electric vehicle"},{"startTime":1677.416,"endTime":1681.333,"body":"which I can shuttle around"},{"startTime":1681.416,"endTime":1684.375,"body":"50 to 1 mile range in the city."},{"startTime":1684.375,"endTime":1690.416,"body":"I also have a standard icy vehicle"},{"startTime":1684.375,"endTime":1690.416,"body":"which I use for long distance driving."},{"startTime":1690.875,"endTime":1694.375,"body":"So that's,"},{"startTime":1690.875,"endTime":1694.375,"body":"you know, the whole thing about EV versus"},{"startTime":1694.375,"endTime":1697.375,"body":"hybrid,"},{"startTime":1694.375,"endTime":1697.375,"body":"I have a hybrid household is what I see"},{"startTime":1698.416,"endTime":1700.458,"body":"and I see. So I am a hybrid household."},{"startTime":1700.458,"endTime":1704.75,"body":"I use the AC for long distance"},{"startTime":1700.458,"endTime":1704.75,"body":"and the RV for my daily driving."},{"startTime":1706.25,"endTime":1710.416,"body":"So I think, the next one will be an EV."},{"startTime":1710.791,"endTime":1712.125,"body":"Which one? I don't know yet."},{"startTime":1712.125,"endTime":1714.666,"body":"My M I'll be up to replace my TV"},{"startTime":1714.666,"endTime":1717.333,"body":"in the next six months,"},{"startTime":1714.666,"endTime":1717.333,"body":"so I will make a decision then."},{"startTime":1717.333,"endTime":1719.75,"body":"Thank you. All right. Very good."},{"startTime":1719.75,"endTime":1720.416,"body":"Thank you so much."},{"startTime":1720.416,"endTime":1724.125,"body":"Later to help us here"},{"startTime":1720.416,"endTime":1724.125,"body":"reimagine mobility from the perspective"},{"startTime":1724.125,"endTime":1727.208,"body":"of what you have seen"},{"startTime":1724.125,"endTime":1727.208,"body":"and what you're working in."},{"startTime":1727.208,"endTime":1728.916,"body":"And it's been great. Thank you."},{"startTime":1728.916,"endTime":1731.375,"body":"Thanks for listening"},{"startTime":1728.916,"endTime":1731.375,"body":"to Reimagine Mobility Podcast."},{"startTime":1731.375,"endTime":1733.958,"body":"If you like this episode,"},{"startTime":1731.375,"endTime":1733.958,"body":"please subscribe and tell a friend."}]}