{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Sound Effect","startTime":0.09,"endTime":0.12,"body":"[music]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":0.42,"endTime":2.7,"body":"Welcome to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":0.42,"endTime":2.7,"body":"Cultivating Curiosity where we"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":2.7,"endTime":5.88,"body":"get down and dirty with the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":2.7,"endTime":5.88,"body":"experts on all the ways science"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":5.88,"endTime":9.51,"body":"and agriculture touch our lives,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":5.88,"endTime":9.51,"body":"from what we eat to how we live."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":10.95,"endTime":12.12,"body":"I'm Jordan Powers."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":12.36,"endTime":14.31,"body":"And I'm Emily"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":12.36,"endTime":14.31,"body":"Cabrera. We're from the"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":14.31,"endTime":16.86,"body":"University of Georgia's College"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":14.31,"endTime":16.86,"body":"of Agricultural and"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":16.86,"endTime":18.12,"body":"Environmental Sciences."},{"speaker":"Sound Effect","startTime":19.92,"endTime":19.95,"body":"[chime]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":20.55,"endTime":22.2,"body":"Earlier this"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":20.55,"endTime":22.2,"body":"month, we celebrated"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":22.2,"endTime":25.08,"body":"International Compost Awareness"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":22.2,"endTime":25.08,"body":"Week, and we're gearing up for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":25.08,"endTime":28.89,"body":"National Learn About Composting"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":25.08,"endTime":28.89,"body":"Day on May 29, which focuses on"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":28.89,"endTime":31.8,"body":"educating people about the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":28.89,"endTime":31.8,"body":"benefits and processes of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":31.8,"endTime":35.4,"body":"composting, a natural way to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":31.8,"endTime":35.4,"body":"recycle organic waste and create"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":35.4,"endTime":38.76,"body":"valuable soil amendments. We're"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":35.4,"endTime":38.76,"body":"in the studio today with Josh"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":38.76,"endTime":42.3,"body":"Fuder and Laura Ney, Agriculture"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":38.76,"endTime":42.3,"body":"and Natural Resource Extension"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":42.3,"endTime":44.7,"body":"agents for Cherokee and"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":42.3,"endTime":44.7,"body":"Athens-Clark counties,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":44.7,"endTime":45.39,"body":"respectively."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":45.75,"endTime":48.15,"body":"Josh, Laura,"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":45.75,"endTime":48.15,"body":"thanks so much for coming in"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":48.15,"endTime":52.08,"body":"today. Before we get into the"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":48.15,"endTime":52.08,"body":"nuts and bolts or the banana"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":52.08,"endTime":55.92,"body":"peels and coffee filters. What"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":52.08,"endTime":55.92,"body":"is compost?"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":55.95,"endTime":60.03,"body":"Compost is a"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":55.95,"endTime":60.03,"body":"valuable soil amendment; is the"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":60.03,"endTime":63.12,"body":"way I would use it as say, a"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":60.03,"endTime":63.12,"body":"gardener, a great form of slow"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":63.12,"endTime":66.81,"body":"release nutrients and a great"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":63.12,"endTime":66.81,"body":"way to add organic matter to our"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":66.81,"endTime":67.35,"body":"soil."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":67.44,"endTime":70.65,"body":"So you mentioned"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":67.44,"endTime":70.65,"body":"that this is an amendment. Can"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":70.65,"endTime":75.09,"body":"you get into that a little bit?"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":70.65,"endTime":75.09,"body":"Can I plant all of my spring and"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":75.09,"endTime":76.86,"body":"summer vegetables in compost?"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":76.0,"endTime":79.69,"body":"Yeah, I think that's"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":76.0,"endTime":79.69,"body":"a great question. And something"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":79.69,"endTime":83.47,"body":"we see in county offices all the"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":79.69,"endTime":83.47,"body":"time is folks will build the"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":83.47,"endTime":87.01,"body":"raised bed garden in the"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":83.47,"endTime":87.01,"body":"backyard, and it gets filled"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":87.01,"endTime":91.09,"body":"with essentially 100% compost,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":87.01,"endTime":91.09,"body":"or, you know, something similar."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":91.12,"endTime":95.59,"body":"And they will usually call us"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":91.12,"endTime":95.59,"body":"after that first half year or"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":95.62,"endTime":98.86,"body":"first year of unsuccessful"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":95.62,"endTime":98.86,"body":"gardening. You know, we've done"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":98.86,"endTime":102.13,"body":"enough testing with these folks"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":98.86,"endTime":102.13,"body":"over the years, and realize"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":102.16,"endTime":105.49,"body":"typically in those raised bed"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":102.16,"endTime":105.49,"body":"situations with just that,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":105.52,"endTime":109.33,"body":"oftentimes the pH is quite high."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":105.52,"endTime":109.33,"body":"I've tested some materials that"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":109.33,"endTime":112.15,"body":"are well above eight which on"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":109.33,"endTime":112.15,"body":"the pH scale, most vegetables"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":112.15,"endTime":115.18,"body":"don't want to be that high, and"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":112.15,"endTime":115.18,"body":"oftentimes the nutrients are"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":115.18,"endTime":118.0,"body":"still really, really high. Not"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":115.18,"endTime":118.0,"body":"to say that that was bad"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":118.0,"endTime":122.23,"body":"compost, but again, the goal of"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":118.0,"endTime":122.23,"body":"that material is really meant to"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":122.26,"endTime":125.77,"body":"be an amendment, couple inches"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":122.26,"endTime":125.77,"body":"tilled into, say, a mineral soil"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":125.77,"endTime":129.55,"body":"or a native soil, and then we're"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":125.77,"endTime":129.55,"body":"improving that native soil, both"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":129.55,"endTime":132.7,"body":"in South Georgia in sand, and in"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":129.55,"endTime":132.7,"body":"North Georgia in clay."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":132.81,"endTime":134.94,"body":"It's important to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":132.81,"endTime":134.94,"body":"keep in mind too, that just"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":134.94,"endTime":138.09,"body":"because it looks like compost or"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":134.94,"endTime":138.09,"body":"is an amendment or looks like"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":138.09,"endTime":141.6,"body":"good dirt, what makes compost"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":138.09,"endTime":141.6,"body":"compost are the processes that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":141.6,"endTime":145.17,"body":"we use to manage the waste that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":141.6,"endTime":145.17,"body":"we're putting into those piles."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":145.17,"endTime":147.6,"body":"And so, if we reach certain"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":145.17,"endTime":147.6,"body":"temperatures and get certain"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":147.6,"endTime":151.17,"body":"microbial communities activated,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":147.6,"endTime":151.17,"body":"then the physical and chemical"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":151.17,"endTime":154.14,"body":"reactions happening to that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":151.17,"endTime":154.14,"body":"product is what makes the really"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":154.14,"endTime":156.93,"body":"special end product, which we"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":154.14,"endTime":156.93,"body":"call compost."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":156.96,"endTime":158.1,"body":"It's alive."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":158.1,"endTime":160.35,"body":"It's alive"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":158.1,"endTime":160.35,"body":"[laughter]. We were just talking"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":160.35,"endTime":162.15,"body":"about this the other day, and I"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":160.35,"endTime":162.15,"body":"love that the science of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":162.15,"endTime":165.54,"body":"compost, because it is! I think"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":162.15,"endTime":165.54,"body":"it's easy to think, oh, I go to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":165.54,"endTime":168.96,"body":"my local hardware store and I"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":165.54,"endTime":168.96,"body":"grab the bag. But realizing that"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":168.96,"endTime":171.72,"body":"there are so many processes that"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":168.96,"endTime":171.72,"body":"come there, and we will"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":171.75,"endTime":174.3,"body":"acknowledge, right off the bat"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":171.75,"endTime":174.3,"body":"for this episode that we are"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":174.3,"endTime":177.48,"body":"just barely scratching the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":174.3,"endTime":177.48,"body":"surface of compost and the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":177.48,"endTime":180.33,"body":"processes, and we will be sure"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":177.48,"endTime":180.33,"body":"to include a wealth of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":180.33,"endTime":183.33,"body":"information and resources in the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":180.33,"endTime":183.33,"body":"show notes for our listeners who"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":183.33,"endTime":185.52,"body":"may hear this and say, \"Okay,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":183.33,"endTime":185.52,"body":"now I want to know more. Let's"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":185.52,"endTime":188.64,"body":"dig deeper.\" In the meantime,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":185.52,"endTime":188.64,"body":"we've all heard composting is a"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":188.64,"endTime":192.18,"body":"good thing, but why should"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":188.64,"endTime":192.18,"body":"someone consider taking on this"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":192.18,"endTime":192.69,"body":"endeavor?"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":192.75,"endTime":194.88,"body":"It's interesting. You"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":192.75,"endTime":194.88,"body":"would think it's pretty"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":194.88,"endTime":197.73,"body":"straightforward. So, I always"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":194.88,"endTime":197.73,"body":"composted because I like"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":197.73,"endTime":201.39,"body":"gardening, and my obvious answer"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":197.73,"endTime":201.39,"body":"to that was, I want something"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":201.39,"endTime":204.27,"body":"really beneficial to put into my"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":201.39,"endTime":204.27,"body":"garden, and I never even thought"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":204.27,"endTime":206.73,"body":"about other reasons for"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":204.27,"endTime":206.73,"body":"composting. But as I've worked"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":206.76,"endTime":209.25,"body":"with the county and Extension"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":206.76,"endTime":209.25,"body":"role, and we've worked with"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":209.25,"endTime":212.43,"body":"Master Composters, I've learned"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":209.25,"endTime":212.43,"body":"a lot more about other reasons."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":212.43,"endTime":214.53,"body":"So even if you don't have a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":212.43,"endTime":214.53,"body":"garden, or you're not that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":214.53,"endTime":216.99,"body":"interested in gardening, or you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":214.53,"endTime":216.99,"body":"don't have space, there's great"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":216.99,"endTime":221.19,"body":"reasons to compost; one of which"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":216.99,"endTime":221.19,"body":"is just keeping organic material"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":221.19,"endTime":224.22,"body":"out of the landfill; and that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":221.19,"endTime":224.22,"body":"can help your city or your"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":224.22,"endTime":227.25,"body":"municipality, because it's"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":224.22,"endTime":227.25,"body":"expensive to manage organic"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":227.25,"endTime":229.92,"body":"waste in the landfill. But also"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":227.25,"endTime":229.92,"body":"because organic waste in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":229.92,"endTime":232.62,"body":"landfill creates a lot of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":229.92,"endTime":232.62,"body":"methane gas, which is a huge"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":232.62,"endTime":236.73,"body":"contributor to global warming"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":232.62,"endTime":236.73,"body":"and ozone depletion, is actually"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":236.73,"endTime":239.7,"body":"comes out of our landfills, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":236.73,"endTime":239.7,"body":"specifically the organic matter"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":239.7,"endTime":243.45,"body":"that we put into it. So by"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":239.7,"endTime":243.45,"body":"composting, if you care not at"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":243.45,"endTime":246.69,"body":"all about plants [laughter], you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":243.45,"endTime":246.69,"body":"can actually be doing a little"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":246.72,"endTime":249.27,"body":"kind of mini blessing for the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":246.72,"endTime":249.27,"body":"environment there."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":249.27,"endTime":252.96,"body":"Maybe, a kind of pie"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":249.27,"endTime":252.96,"body":"in the sky reason that I enjoy"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":252.96,"endTime":256.44,"body":"composting is really I think"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":252.96,"endTime":256.44,"body":"about the global food system and"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":256.44,"endTime":260.34,"body":"the bananas and the coffee and"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":256.44,"endTime":260.34,"body":"the things that I eat or use."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":260.4,"endTime":263.19,"body":"And then, you know, that may be"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":260.4,"endTime":263.19,"body":"something that was grown in"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":263.22,"endTime":265.47,"body":"another part of the world or"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":263.22,"endTime":265.47,"body":"another part of the country by"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":265.47,"endTime":268.83,"body":"people I'll never meet, and"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":265.47,"endTime":268.83,"body":"those are nutrients or sources"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":268.83,"endTime":272.46,"body":"of carbon that I now get to use,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":268.83,"endTime":272.46,"body":"that grew something in"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":272.46,"endTime":275.22,"body":"California or Honduras or"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":272.46,"endTime":275.22,"body":"something like that. So that is"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":275.25,"endTime":278.46,"body":"something that in my composting"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":275.25,"endTime":278.46,"body":"at home, I do try to consider"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":278.46,"endTime":281.16,"body":"and think about too, is now I"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":278.46,"endTime":281.16,"body":"can grow, hopefully healthier"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":281.16,"endTime":284.13,"body":"plants with some of these"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":281.16,"endTime":284.13,"body":"sunlight, water and nutrients"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":284.13,"endTime":285.75,"body":"that came from somewhere else in"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":284.13,"endTime":285.75,"body":"the world."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":285.78,"endTime":287.49,"body":"I love that so"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":285.78,"endTime":287.49,"body":"much [laughter]."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":287.49,"endTime":287.52,"body":"[laughter]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":287.52,"endTime":289.35,"body":"I don't even have"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":287.52,"endTime":289.35,"body":"words for how much I love that."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":289.35,"endTime":291.57,"body":"I mean really talking about"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":289.35,"endTime":291.57,"body":"global gardening."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":291.6,"endTime":292.05,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":292.08,"endTime":293.7,"body":"Right here at"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":292.08,"endTime":293.7,"body":"home, which is really, that's"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":293.7,"endTime":294.36,"body":"really special."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":294.45,"endTime":297.33,"body":"So we've covered"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":294.45,"endTime":297.33,"body":"the what and why. Now let's get"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":297.33,"endTime":300.87,"body":"into how to compost. We know the"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":297.33,"endTime":300.87,"body":"amount of space listeners may"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":300.87,"endTime":304.32,"body":"have to take up composting will"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":300.87,"endTime":304.32,"body":"vary. Is there a composting"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":304.32,"endTime":305.34,"body":"method for everyone?"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":305.36,"endTime":307.79,"body":"I certainly believe"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":305.36,"endTime":307.79,"body":"there is. There's a lot of ways"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":307.79,"endTime":311.33,"body":"to compost, and there's a number"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":307.79,"endTime":311.33,"body":"of ways to kind of"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":311.39,"endTime":315.02,"body":"unsuccessfully compost, and"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":311.39,"endTime":315.02,"body":"that's kind of a journey I've"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":315.02,"endTime":320.21,"body":"gone on. And it took me, one"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":315.02,"endTime":320.21,"body":"adopting some worms about 10"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":320.21,"endTime":322.76,"body":"years ago, and going to a"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":320.21,"endTime":322.76,"body":"training actually here in"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":322.76,"endTime":326.69,"body":"Athens. It was a multi day"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":322.76,"endTime":326.69,"body":"compost operation, like large"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":326.69,"endTime":331.37,"body":"scale composting, and we got to"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":326.69,"endTime":331.37,"body":"tour the Athens facility. And my"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":331.37,"endTime":334.37,"body":"world had changed after that;"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":331.37,"endTime":334.37,"body":"thought of it differently,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":334.4,"endTime":338.06,"body":"because I was very much like a"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":334.4,"endTime":338.06,"body":"lot of composters, an organic"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":338.06,"endTime":342.02,"body":"trash heap. It wasn't really an"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":338.06,"endTime":342.02,"body":"involved process. It broke down,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":342.05,"endTime":346.13,"body":"it decomposed, but it wasn't"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":342.05,"endTime":346.13,"body":"really composting. I mean, the"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":346.13,"endTime":348.65,"body":"goal with composting is,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":346.13,"endTime":348.65,"body":"hopefully, we're making it"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":348.68,"endTime":352.4,"body":"faster. We're speeding up that"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":348.68,"endTime":352.4,"body":"decomposition process, or maybe"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":352.4,"endTime":355.43,"body":"making something that's a little"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":352.4,"endTime":355.43,"body":"bit higher quality that is"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":355.43,"endTime":359.0,"body":"usable, and not just, you know,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":355.43,"endTime":359.0,"body":"stuff that still has pine cones"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":359.0,"endTime":361.61,"body":"in it. Sure it's decomposed"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":359.0,"endTime":361.61,"body":"organic matter, but it's"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":361.61,"endTime":366.95,"body":"probably not compost. So a lot"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":361.61,"endTime":366.95,"body":"of ways to compost worm bins to"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":366.95,"endTime":371.99,"body":"tumblers to just a heap. There's"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":366.95,"endTime":371.99,"body":"many ways, and I think there is"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":372.02,"endTime":375.89,"body":"something out there that can fit"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":372.02,"endTime":375.89,"body":"even for somebody with a small"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":375.89,"endTime":379.07,"body":"yard or even in an apartment or"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":375.89,"endTime":379.07,"body":"a school classroom."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":379.11,"endTime":382.08,"body":"Absolutely, I myself"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":379.11,"endTime":382.08,"body":"have also failed at composting"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":382.08,"endTime":385.98,"body":"many times, and a lot of times"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":382.08,"endTime":385.98,"body":"I'll just do my sort of lazy"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":385.98,"endTime":388.77,"body":"man's compost in the backyard,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":385.98,"endTime":388.77,"body":"which is really just my"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":388.77,"endTime":391.08,"body":"decomposition pile, which is"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":388.77,"endTime":391.08,"body":"perfectly fine."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":391.23,"endTime":392.16,"body":"Organic trash heap."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":392.16,"endTime":392.34,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":392.34,"endTime":392.88,"body":"Those are organic"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":392.34,"endTime":392.88,"body":"trash heap."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":392.88,"endTime":393.12,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":393.12,"endTime":393.15,"body":"[laughter]"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":394.29,"endTime":395.61,"body":"No judgment. Those"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":394.29,"endTime":395.61,"body":"are great."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":395.0,"endTime":397.88,"body":"We can talk a little"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":395.0,"endTime":397.88,"body":"bit later about maybe what the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":397.88,"endTime":400.97,"body":"differences are between your end"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":397.88,"endTime":400.97,"body":"product doing that and doing"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":400.97,"endTime":404.57,"body":"compost. But in terms of how to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":400.97,"endTime":404.57,"body":"compost, I have found that you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":404.57,"endTime":407.63,"body":"can do a heap, but having some"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":404.57,"endTime":407.63,"body":"sort of wall or structure to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":407.63,"endTime":410.6,"body":"keep that heap together can be"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":407.63,"endTime":410.6,"body":"really helpful. You'll notice"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":410.63,"endTime":413.75,"body":"that, especially as your pile"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":410.63,"endTime":413.75,"body":"breaks down, the heaps will get"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":413.75,"endTime":416.45,"body":"flatter and flatter and will"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":413.75,"endTime":416.45,"body":"spread out. And the problem with"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":416.45,"endTime":419.24,"body":"that is, an important part of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":416.45,"endTime":419.24,"body":"composting is building up the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":419.24,"endTime":423.5,"body":"temperature inside of your pile;"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":419.24,"endTime":423.5,"body":"and as your pile disperses and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":423.5,"endTime":426.83,"body":"becomes flatter and doesn't have"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":423.5,"endTime":426.83,"body":"the cubic dimensions that it"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":426.83,"endTime":429.89,"body":"should, you can't build up that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":426.83,"endTime":429.89,"body":"heat. And so whether or not you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":429.89,"endTime":434.12,"body":"use chicken wire or cattle panel"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":429.89,"endTime":434.12,"body":"or some pallets or a few boards,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":434.15,"endTime":437.12,"body":"you can use whatever you want,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":434.15,"endTime":437.12,"body":"but having some walls or"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":437.12,"endTime":439.25,"body":"structures around your heap can"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":437.12,"endTime":439.25,"body":"be really helpful."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":439.31,"endTime":443.51,"body":"And I would add"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":439.31,"endTime":443.51,"body":"multiple either bins for worms."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":443.51,"endTime":447.98,"body":"Multiple bins outside is usually"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":443.51,"endTime":447.98,"body":"a good thing, so we have one"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":447.98,"endTime":450.65,"body":"that we're in that process, as"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":447.98,"endTime":450.65,"body":"Laura described, of building,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":450.68,"endTime":453.83,"body":"and then hopefully we have one"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":450.68,"endTime":453.83,"body":"that's finishing, and maybe"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":453.83,"endTime":456.98,"body":"we're starting to use. That's"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":453.83,"endTime":456.98,"body":"one way I was failing, and I see"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":456.98,"endTime":459.86,"body":"it a lot in, you know, even"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":456.98,"endTime":459.86,"body":"community gardens and other"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":459.86,"endTime":464.3,"body":"places, is they have one big"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":459.86,"endTime":464.3,"body":"pile, and it's never at a stage"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":464.3,"endTime":467.84,"body":"where we're starting to actually"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":464.3,"endTime":467.84,"body":"maybe get to use and apply some"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":467.84,"endTime":470.66,"body":"of that compost. So I think one"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":467.84,"endTime":470.66,"body":"of the easier things is just"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":470.66,"endTime":473.27,"body":"maybe add a second bin or a"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":470.66,"endTime":473.27,"body":"third bin."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":473.43,"endTime":476.07,"body":"I will absolutely"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":473.43,"endTime":476.07,"body":"admit I have done this too,"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":476.07,"endTime":479.49,"body":"where I just kept adding and"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":476.07,"endTime":479.49,"body":"adding to the same pile, and did"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":479.49,"endTime":482.97,"body":"not think about having multiple"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":479.49,"endTime":482.97,"body":"piles, and I ended up with an"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":482.97,"endTime":485.85,"body":"organic trash heap that was also"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":482.97,"endTime":485.85,"body":"liquefying."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":486.72,"endTime":487.05,"body":"Oh no."},{"speaker":"Everyone","startTime":487.05,"endTime":487.08,"body":"[laughter]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":487.87,"endTime":490.36,"body":"So having kind of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":487.87,"endTime":490.36,"body":"that cyclical nature of one you"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":490.36,"endTime":493.39,"body":"can currently use, one you're"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":490.36,"endTime":493.39,"body":"currently feeding. And for those"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":493.39,"endTime":496.24,"body":"of our listeners who don't have"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":493.39,"endTime":496.24,"body":"space to do any of this, our"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":496.24,"endTime":498.97,"body":"friends over at UGArden actually"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":496.24,"endTime":498.97,"body":"have an amazing service that you"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":498.97,"endTime":502.51,"body":"can drop off your compost to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":498.97,"endTime":502.51,"body":"them for free, so we will be"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":502.51,"endTime":504.85,"body":"sure to link that in the show"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":502.51,"endTime":504.85,"body":"notes as well, because for some"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":504.85,"endTime":508.06,"body":"of us, we may not have any space"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":504.85,"endTime":508.06,"body":"or the time or the energy or the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":508.06,"endTime":510.88,"body":"interest, but we hope that"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":508.06,"endTime":510.88,"body":"listeners at least consider this"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":510.88,"endTime":514.18,"body":"as we kind of dive deeper. And"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":510.88,"endTime":514.18,"body":"if UGArden is kind of outside of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":514.18,"endTime":516.94,"body":"your range, where it's easy"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":514.18,"endTime":516.94,"body":"enough or convenient enough to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":516.94,"endTime":520.45,"body":"drop off, certainly check or"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":516.94,"endTime":520.45,"body":"google your local municipality"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":520.45,"endTime":522.76,"body":"or any private companies that"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":520.45,"endTime":522.76,"body":"might be in your area that offer"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":522.76,"endTime":526.69,"body":"similar services. Now let's"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":522.76,"endTime":526.69,"body":"pivot to the do's and don'ts of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":526.69,"endTime":529.3,"body":"composting, right? We just heard"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":526.69,"endTime":529.3,"body":"I'm talking about a liquefied"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":529.33,"endTime":532.21,"body":"pile [laughter], so we certainly"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":529.33,"endTime":532.21,"body":"want to make sure that we're not"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":532.21,"endTime":534.28,"body":"doing that. I think we've all"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":532.21,"endTime":534.28,"body":"been there, that we've gone, \"I"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":534.28,"endTime":536.71,"body":"don't know if we're supposed to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":534.28,"endTime":536.71,"body":"throw this in, but here we go.\""},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":536.74,"endTime":540.43,"body":"So Josh, what are the kinds of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":536.74,"endTime":540.43,"body":"things that we should make sure"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":540.43,"endTime":541.87,"body":"we're adding to our compost"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":540.43,"endTime":541.87,"body":"piles?"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":541.93,"endTime":543.91,"body":"A lot of this is"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":541.93,"endTime":543.91,"body":"dependent on if we have a"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":543.91,"endTime":547.72,"body":"contained system, say a tumbler"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":543.91,"endTime":547.72,"body":"or a nice, clean things on the"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":547.72,"endTime":550.63,"body":"market, like the plastic bins"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":547.72,"endTime":550.63,"body":"that might keep rodents, 'cause"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":550.66,"endTime":553.48,"body":"a lot of the rules that we say"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":550.66,"endTime":553.48,"body":"don't compost this is because,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":553.48,"endTime":556.75,"body":"well, it may draw vermin or it"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":553.48,"endTime":556.75,"body":"may create a nuisance. Greens"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":556.75,"endTime":559.72,"body":"and browns are usually how we"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":556.75,"endTime":559.72,"body":"define compost ingredients."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":559.72,"endTime":564.52,"body":"Either they are, say, at 25 to 1"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":559.72,"endTime":564.52,"body":"carbon to nitrogen ratio, or"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":564.52,"endTime":567.64,"body":"they're above that, and they're"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":564.52,"endTime":567.64,"body":"a brown more of a carbon source."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":567.67,"endTime":572.29,"body":"At our house, it's usually just"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":567.67,"endTime":572.29,"body":"the uncooked portions, the fruit"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":572.29,"endTime":576.13,"body":"skins, the bottom of the"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":572.29,"endTime":576.13,"body":"broccoli and things like that,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":576.13,"endTime":579.13,"body":"coffee grounds, those are kind"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":576.13,"endTime":579.13,"body":"of the common ingredients that"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":579.13,"endTime":581.23,"body":"go into ours, egg shells and"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":579.13,"endTime":581.23,"body":"whatnot."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":581.25,"endTime":583.2,"body":"Like Josh said, like"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":581.25,"endTime":583.2,"body":"greens and browns is how you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":583.2,"endTime":585.96,"body":"usually hear it if you're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":583.2,"endTime":585.96,"body":"creating your own compost bin at"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":585.96,"endTime":589.74,"body":"home. That's just a really nice"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":585.96,"endTime":589.74,"body":"way of explaining stuff that has"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":589.77,"endTime":592.65,"body":"nitrogen, that's sort of the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":589.77,"endTime":592.65,"body":"fuel of the composting process"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":592.65,"endTime":595.8,"body":"and the microbes, but then the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":592.65,"endTime":595.8,"body":"carbon is the actual organic"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":595.8,"endTime":599.07,"body":"matter that we're composting,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":595.8,"endTime":599.07,"body":"and the living things in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":599.07,"endTime":602.43,"body":"compost need a ratio like Josh"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":599.07,"endTime":602.43,"body":"was mentioning, and they need a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":602.43,"endTime":606.78,"body":"specific ratio. So when we talk"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":602.43,"endTime":606.78,"body":"about doing maybe 1/3 greens or"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":606.78,"endTime":609.75,"body":"nitrogen heavy stuff and 2/3"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":606.78,"endTime":609.75,"body":"browns, it's because we're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":609.75,"endTime":612.81,"body":"trying to reach that kind of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":609.75,"endTime":612.81,"body":"Goldilocks ratio for the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":612.81,"endTime":615.9,"body":"microbes. And so if you hear"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":612.81,"endTime":615.9,"body":"about those recipes, we're just"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":615.9,"endTime":618.48,"body":"trying to get the ratio right"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":615.9,"endTime":618.48,"body":"for the living things that are"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":618.51,"endTime":621.21,"body":"eating all of that stuff and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":618.51,"endTime":621.21,"body":"processing it. It's tricky when"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":621.21,"endTime":622.59,"body":"you say greens and browns,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":621.21,"endTime":622.59,"body":"'cause our greens are in our"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":622.59,"endTime":625.38,"body":"greens are not all green, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":622.59,"endTime":625.38,"body":"our browns are brownish,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":625.41,"endTime":628.23,"body":"usually, but banana peels not"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":625.41,"endTime":628.23,"body":"really green, but that would"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":628.23,"endTime":630.93,"body":"definitely be a green. A tomato"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":628.23,"endTime":630.93,"body":"is still considered our green."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":630.96,"endTime":634.38,"body":"It's the wetter stuff."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":630.96,"endTime":634.38,"body":"Typically, a fresher item would"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":634.38,"endTime":637.89,"body":"be considered a green, and an"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":634.38,"endTime":637.89,"body":"older kind of drier item would"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":637.89,"endTime":640.86,"body":"be a brown. So for instance,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":637.89,"endTime":640.86,"body":"freshly cut grass would be a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":640.86,"endTime":643.5,"body":"green because it still has all"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":640.86,"endTime":643.5,"body":"the nitrogen in it, but older"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":643.53,"endTime":645.9,"body":"leaves or grass clippings that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":643.53,"endTime":645.9,"body":"have been sitting for a long"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":645.9,"endTime":648.93,"body":"time that are essentially straw,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":645.9,"endTime":648.93,"body":"that would be a brown. In"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":648.93,"endTime":652.05,"body":"addition to just that general"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":648.93,"endTime":652.05,"body":"ratio of trying to make the pile"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":652.05,"endTime":654.78,"body":"happy. Then you also have to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":652.05,"endTime":654.78,"body":"consider what you have around"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":654.78,"endTime":657.45,"body":"the house, and I guess we're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":654.78,"endTime":657.45,"body":"kind of pivoting into our"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":657.45,"endTime":657.9,"body":"don'ts."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":657.93,"endTime":659.13,"body":"I was just gonna"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":657.93,"endTime":659.13,"body":"say."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":659.13,"endTime":660.96,"body":"It's hard to talk"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":659.13,"endTime":660.96,"body":"about your do's without your"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":660.96,"endTime":664.47,"body":"don'ts. An easy way to think"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":660.96,"endTime":664.47,"body":"about, it is the raw stuff is"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":664.47,"endTime":667.89,"body":"typically good, and just don't"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":664.47,"endTime":667.89,"body":"get too complicated in your"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":667.89,"endTime":670.17,"body":"head. If it's cooked and coming"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":667.89,"endTime":670.17,"body":"off of your plate, you usually"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":670.17,"endTime":673.62,"body":"don't want that in your backyard"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":670.17,"endTime":673.62,"body":"compost. The municipal compost,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":673.62,"endTime":675.96,"body":"they get really really hot, can"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":673.62,"endTime":675.96,"body":"handle that stuff. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":675.99,"endTime":678.48,"body":"Athens-Clark County is an"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":675.99,"endTime":678.48,"body":"example of that, where they"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":678.48,"endTime":683.19,"body":"accept everything besides feces"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":678.48,"endTime":683.19,"body":"and dead things and whatever,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":683.19,"endTime":685.53,"body":"but like almost everything,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":683.19,"endTime":685.53,"body":"because it gets so hot, but"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":685.53,"endTime":687.69,"body":"you're just not gonna reach"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":685.53,"endTime":687.69,"body":"those temperatures. And then"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":687.69,"endTime":690.84,"body":"there's safety issues and pest"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":687.69,"endTime":690.84,"body":"issues in your backyard bin that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":690.84,"endTime":693.54,"body":"you don't wanna mess with. We"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":690.84,"endTime":693.54,"body":"also tend to stay away from the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":693.54,"endTime":698.58,"body":"breads and the oils, and a lot"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":693.54,"endTime":698.58,"body":"of us have maybe chicken or"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":698.58,"endTime":702.24,"body":"rabbits or something, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":698.58,"endTime":702.24,"body":"they're excrement, for radio"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":702.24,"endTime":706.68,"body":"appropriate term [laughter] can"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":702.24,"endTime":706.68,"body":"be used, and those are great"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":706.68,"endTime":709.59,"body":"sources of nutrients for your"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":706.68,"endTime":709.59,"body":"compost. You just want to keep"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":709.59,"endTime":713.16,"body":"in mind, if you're ever doing an"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":709.59,"endTime":713.16,"body":"animal waste, there are kind of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":713.16,"endTime":715.92,"body":"limits on what you want to use"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":713.16,"endTime":715.92,"body":"that compost on. I mean, it's"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":715.92,"endTime":720.78,"body":"great for ornamentals. Shouldn't"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":715.92,"endTime":720.78,"body":"be a problem if it's like a corn"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":720.78,"endTime":723.6,"body":"or something that's not really"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":720.78,"endTime":723.6,"body":"touching the ground directly,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":723.6,"endTime":726.3,"body":"there aren't problems. But"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":723.6,"endTime":726.3,"body":"unless you're really good about"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":726.3,"endTime":729.54,"body":"monitoring your temperatures and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":726.3,"endTime":729.54,"body":"things, it's advised totally you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":729.54,"endTime":732.18,"body":"can use that compost, but don't"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":729.54,"endTime":732.18,"body":"use it on certain things that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":732.18,"endTime":734.31,"body":"are going to come into ground"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":732.18,"endTime":734.31,"body":"contact, 'cause you just don't"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":734.31,"endTime":738.09,"body":"know if you're killing off the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":734.31,"endTime":738.09,"body":"potential bacteria and things in"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":738.09,"endTime":738.36,"body":"there."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":738.45,"endTime":741.78,"body":"And I think that's"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":738.45,"endTime":741.78,"body":"why a lot of folks end up being"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":741.81,"endTime":745.95,"body":"unsuccessful composters or more"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":741.81,"endTime":745.95,"body":"organic trash heapers. Again, no"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":745.95,"endTime":749.55,"body":"judgment. But it's when they"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":745.95,"endTime":749.55,"body":"have the volume of greens"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":749.82,"endTime":753.09,"body":"doesn't match when they might"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":749.82,"endTime":753.09,"body":"have the volume of browns, which"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":753.09,"endTime":757.23,"body":"is, for most people, fall"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":753.09,"endTime":757.23,"body":"leaves. We don't have a lot of"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":757.68,"endTime":762.6,"body":"extra greens or nitrogen source"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":757.68,"endTime":762.6,"body":"to blend with that higher carbon"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":762.63,"endTime":766.35,"body":"input, which is typically just"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":762.63,"endTime":766.35,"body":"fall leaves for most people in"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":766.35,"endTime":769.32,"body":"the backyard. It's once a year,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":766.35,"endTime":769.32,"body":"they have a lot of browns, and"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":769.32,"endTime":772.05,"body":"then they don't really have all"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":769.32,"endTime":772.05,"body":"the kitchen scraps or the grass"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":772.05,"endTime":774.66,"body":"clippings to mix in and help"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":772.05,"endTime":774.66,"body":"break it down."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":774.0,"endTime":777.96,"body":"I think that's a top"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":774.0,"endTime":777.96,"body":"five barriers to successful"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":777.96,"endTime":781.89,"body":"compost is just having what you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":777.96,"endTime":781.89,"body":"need for that ratio all at the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":781.89,"endTime":784.32,"body":"same time. It's pretty easy to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":781.89,"endTime":784.32,"body":"stockpile browns, because they"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":784.32,"endTime":786.54,"body":"don't go bad or really go"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":784.32,"endTime":786.54,"body":"anywhere. You can just literally"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":786.54,"endTime":790.2,"body":"have a pile of wood chips or"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":786.54,"endTime":790.2,"body":"fall leaves or grass clippings."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":790.23,"endTime":792.69,"body":"It's really hard to stockpile"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":790.23,"endTime":792.69,"body":"the greens because they get"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":792.69,"endTime":795.87,"body":"gross. I've seen people they're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":792.69,"endTime":795.87,"body":"interested in composting."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":795.9,"endTime":799.17,"body":"They'll have their friends or"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":795.9,"endTime":799.17,"body":"neighbors collect their kitchen"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":799.17,"endTime":801.69,"body":"scraps, and then adding it all"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":799.17,"endTime":801.69,"body":"together can really make a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":801.69,"endTime":802.38,"body":"difference."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":803.04,"endTime":805.71,"body":"All right, so now"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":803.04,"endTime":805.71,"body":"we know what to include, and"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":805.71,"endTime":810.12,"body":"maybe more importantly, what not"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":805.71,"endTime":810.12,"body":"to include. Do we set it and"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":810.12,"endTime":810.66,"body":"forget it?"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":810.93,"endTime":813.87,"body":"Not if we want to"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":810.93,"endTime":813.87,"body":"actually be composting."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":813.87,"endTime":813.99,"body":"[laughter] Okay."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":814.2,"endTime":817.08,"body":"No, we would"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":814.2,"endTime":817.08,"body":"hopefully be turning it to"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":817.08,"endTime":820.71,"body":"maintain that heat, that"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":817.08,"endTime":820.71,"body":"thermophilic stage, if we truly"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":820.74,"endTime":823.86,"body":"built a batch, which ideally"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":820.74,"endTime":823.86,"body":"would be, you know, a critical"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":823.86,"endTime":828.48,"body":"mass of maybe about a yard, 3 ft"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":823.86,"endTime":828.48,"body":"× 3 ft × 3 ft. That's usually"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":828.48,"endTime":831.96,"body":"about what you need to hopefully"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":828.48,"endTime":831.96,"body":"reach temperature stages. And"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":831.96,"endTime":834.87,"body":"then, yes, we're very much"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":831.96,"endTime":834.87,"body":"involved. Every four or five"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":834.87,"endTime":838.56,"body":"days, hopefully, we're aerating"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":834.87,"endTime":838.56,"body":"or turning it somehow so that we"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":838.56,"endTime":842.07,"body":"can kind of maintain that"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":838.56,"endTime":842.07,"body":"critical temperature fully. Then"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":842.07,"endTime":846.21,"body":"we're sterilizing weed seeds,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":842.07,"endTime":846.21,"body":"even pepper seeds and cantaloupe"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":846.21,"endTime":848.61,"body":"seeds, all the stuff that may be"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":846.21,"endTime":848.61,"body":"in there. Otherwise, you're"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":848.61,"endTime":851.76,"body":"going to be growing the best"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":848.61,"endTime":851.76,"body":"volunteer plants all across your"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":851.76,"endTime":855.81,"body":"landscape when you go to use"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":851.76,"endTime":855.81,"body":"this compost that should then"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":855.81,"endTime":859.8,"body":"hopefully be neutralizing of"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":855.81,"endTime":859.8,"body":"pathogens, but also, you know,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":859.8,"endTime":862.86,"body":"seeds. Those thermophilic"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":859.8,"endTime":862.86,"body":"stages, ideally, would be in"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":862.86,"endTime":867.36,"body":"that 130 to 160 degree range."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":862.86,"endTime":867.36,"body":"I've had a batch make it up to"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":867.36,"endTime":870.96,"body":"about 170, that's a little hot."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":867.36,"endTime":870.96,"body":"At a certain stage, if it gets"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":870.96,"endTime":874.77,"body":"too hot, it can actually then"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":870.96,"endTime":874.77,"body":"sterilize your good bacteria"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":874.77,"endTime":878.52,"body":"that are doing the work. So,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":874.77,"endTime":878.52,"body":"aeration hopefully will then"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":878.58,"endTime":882.0,"body":"bring that down, kind of cool,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":878.58,"endTime":882.0,"body":"that powerhouse that's going on,"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":882.03,"endTime":884.22,"body":"generating all that heat. But"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":882.03,"endTime":884.22,"body":"even in the summertime, I'll"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":884.22,"endTime":887.49,"body":"have a pile that, I mean is hot"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":884.22,"endTime":887.49,"body":"to touch, and that's just the"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":887.85,"endTime":891.66,"body":"biological activity going on."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":887.85,"endTime":891.66,"body":"Yeah, yeah. That is all based on"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":891.66,"endTime":895.56,"body":"having a good ratio, too, and"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":891.66,"endTime":895.56,"body":"moisture, right? Those bacteria"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":895.59,"endTime":899.43,"body":"live on films of water. So we"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":895.59,"endTime":899.43,"body":"usually want that material about"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":899.43,"endTime":900.66,"body":"like a rung out sponge."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":900.69,"endTime":903.87,"body":"So would there be"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":900.69,"endTime":903.87,"body":"any need to put shade over a"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":903.87,"endTime":907.44,"body":"compost pile if it's getting"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":903.87,"endTime":907.44,"body":"hot, or water it if it's getting"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":907.44,"endTime":907.98,"body":"too dry?"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":908.04,"endTime":910.41,"body":"That's a great"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":908.04,"endTime":910.41,"body":"question. So the shade is not"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":910.41,"endTime":913.29,"body":"really necessary. Typically,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":910.41,"endTime":913.29,"body":"it's not that it could get too"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":913.29,"endTime":916.44,"body":"hot, because we usually get it"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":913.29,"endTime":916.44,"body":"uncomfortably hot to the touch,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":916.44,"endTime":919.83,"body":"so the sun's not a problem, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":916.44,"endTime":919.83,"body":"it could actually, in cooler"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":919.83,"endTime":922.98,"body":"weather, help you. Drying out"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":919.83,"endTime":922.98,"body":"could be potentially an issue,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":922.98,"endTime":925.23,"body":"if we're not getting a lot of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":922.98,"endTime":925.23,"body":"rain. If you have it under"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":925.23,"endTime":928.23,"body":"cover, it may stay moist longer."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":925.23,"endTime":928.23,"body":"So it depends on what you're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":928.23,"endTime":928.8,"body":"struggling."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":928.8,"endTime":929.64,"body":"Or it may get too"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":928.8,"endTime":929.64,"body":"wet."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":929.64,"endTime":929.7,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":929.7,"endTime":930.15,"body":"If it doesn't have"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":929.7,"endTime":930.15,"body":"cover."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":930.15,"endTime":931.47,"body":"But it can get too"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":930.15,"endTime":931.47,"body":"wet."},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":932.07,"endTime":933.84,"body":"And then it could"},{"speaker":"Josh Fuder","startTime":932.07,"endTime":933.84,"body":"get gross."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":933.93,"endTime":937.2,"body":"So if you're you have"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":933.93,"endTime":937.2,"body":"a lot of rain, and your piles"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":937.2,"endTime":940.41,"body":"getting too wet, a cover could"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":937.2,"endTime":940.41,"body":"help you manage that moisture."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":940.41,"endTime":942.84,"body":"If you know you're not getting"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":940.41,"endTime":942.84,"body":"out there and watering it and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":942.84,"endTime":946.26,"body":"it's getting too dry, you may"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":942.84,"endTime":946.26,"body":"wanna have it rained on or give"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":946.26,"endTime":949.86,"body":"it some shade. It's sort of like"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":946.26,"endTime":949.86,"body":"anything else; depending on what"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":949.86,"endTime":952.5,"body":"you're struggling with, you can"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":949.86,"endTime":952.5,"body":"kind of troubleshoot with how"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":952.5,"endTime":956.34,"body":"you place it. The whole recipe"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":952.5,"endTime":956.34,"body":"for compost is, like a lot of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":956.34,"endTime":959.31,"body":"things, it's gonna be those two,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":956.34,"endTime":959.31,"body":"the carbon and nitrogen, which"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":959.31,"endTime":962.97,"body":"is sort of like the energy for"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":959.31,"endTime":962.97,"body":"the microbes. And then when we"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":962.97,"endTime":965.73,"body":"talk about moisture, you're also"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":962.97,"endTime":965.73,"body":"always really talking about"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":965.73,"endTime":969.66,"body":"oxygen as well. So you just need"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":965.73,"endTime":969.66,"body":"the carbon, nitrogen, some"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":969.66,"endTime":973.05,"body":"moisture, like will repeat the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":969.66,"endTime":973.05,"body":"rung out sponge is a good sort"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":973.05,"endTime":975.78,"body":"of indicator you don't want it"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":973.05,"endTime":975.78,"body":"dripping out of your fist if you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":975.78,"endTime":978.66,"body":"took a handful of it, 'cause"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":975.78,"endTime":978.66,"body":"that means it's saturated, so"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":978.66,"endTime":981.63,"body":"there's not enough air in it."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":978.66,"endTime":981.63,"body":"And that can sometimes our piles"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":981.63,"endTime":984.21,"body":"turn into what we call like a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":981.63,"endTime":984.21,"body":"goopy mess, and it can start to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":984.21,"endTime":986.88,"body":"smell it's a really common"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":984.21,"endTime":986.88,"body":"troubleshooting issue, and it"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":986.88,"endTime":989.79,"body":"may have just gotten rained on"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":986.88,"endTime":989.79,"body":"too much, or there's not good"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":989.79,"endTime":992.64,"body":"drainage under where it is."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":989.79,"endTime":992.64,"body":"Sometimes having it on like a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":992.64,"endTime":995.4,"body":"little bit of a slope can help,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":992.64,"endTime":995.4,"body":"because then excess water will"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":995.4,"endTime":998.52,"body":"run away from it, instead of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":995.4,"endTime":998.52,"body":"just sitting under the pile, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":998.52,"endTime":1001.94,"body":"then the turning introduces more"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":998.52,"endTime":1001.94,"body":"of that oxygen as well. So the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1001.94,"endTime":1005.54,"body":"recipe is both complicated and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1001.94,"endTime":1005.54,"body":"really simple. It's just carbon,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1005.54,"endTime":1008.87,"body":"nitrogen, oxygen, water, and you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1005.54,"endTime":1008.87,"body":"just kind of play with it until"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1008.87,"endTime":1009.89,"body":"you figure it out."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1010.22,"endTime":1013.16,"body":"It sounds like it"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1010.22,"endTime":1013.16,"body":"is kind of a low risk for people"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1013.16,"endTime":1015.95,"body":"who may be getting into it that"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1013.16,"endTime":1015.95,"body":"don't need the compost for the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1015.95,"endTime":1018.95,"body":"survival of their plants or for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1015.95,"endTime":1018.95,"body":"their garden. It's kind of a low"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1018.95,"endTime":1022.25,"body":"risk, fun way to experiment with"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1018.95,"endTime":1022.25,"body":"the science of our soil."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1022.28,"endTime":1024.65,"body":"Absolutely. In my"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1022.28,"endTime":1024.65,"body":"opinion, going back to the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1024.65,"endTime":1028.04,"body":"question of, can you set it and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1024.65,"endTime":1028.04,"body":"forget it? Really, the answer is"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1028.04,"endTime":1030.68,"body":"no. If you want to be"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1028.04,"endTime":1030.68,"body":"composting, it is, by"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1030.68,"endTime":1035.18,"body":"definition, a human-managed,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1030.68,"endTime":1035.18,"body":"like highly managed system. You"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1035.18,"endTime":1038.27,"body":"are supposed to actively be"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1035.18,"endTime":1038.27,"body":"composting it. It's not going to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1038.27,"endTime":1041.12,"body":"compost on its own. It'll"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1038.27,"endTime":1041.12,"body":"decompose on its own, but you're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1041.12,"endTime":1042.98,"body":"not going to be reaching those"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1041.12,"endTime":1042.98,"body":"temperatures. You're not going"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1042.98,"endTime":1045.65,"body":"to have the physical and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1042.98,"endTime":1045.65,"body":"chemical reactions and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1045.65,"endTime":1048.71,"body":"properties going on within that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1045.65,"endTime":1048.71,"body":"organic matter if you're not"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1048.71,"endTime":1051.59,"body":"turning it, which is introducing"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1048.71,"endTime":1051.59,"body":"oxygen, which is essentially"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1051.59,"endTime":1054.59,"body":"fanning the flames of the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1051.59,"endTime":1054.59,"body":"microbial activity they breathe,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1054.59,"endTime":1057.29,"body":"just like we do. So you're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1054.59,"endTime":1057.29,"body":"building populations as you get"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1057.29,"endTime":1061.01,"body":"oxygen in there. You could also"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1057.29,"endTime":1061.01,"body":"potentially be buffering too"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1061.01,"endTime":1063.41,"body":"high of a temperature when you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1061.01,"endTime":1063.41,"body":"turn it, you're mixing in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1063.41,"endTime":1066.8,"body":"outsides into the insides. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1063.41,"endTime":1066.8,"body":"the turning and keeping an eye"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1066.8,"endTime":1070.1,"body":"on the temperature to see what"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1066.8,"endTime":1070.1,"body":"stage it's in, and if you should"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1070.1,"endTime":1073.73,"body":"be turning more or less, is very"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1070.1,"endTime":1073.73,"body":"important to composting, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1073.73,"endTime":1076.7,"body":"it's fun. You're talking about"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1073.73,"endTime":1076.7,"body":"banana peels. I mean, you know,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1076.73,"endTime":1079.67,"body":"if you mess it up, it's not a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1076.73,"endTime":1079.67,"body":"big deal, and it's definitely a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1079.67,"endTime":1083.75,"body":"cool scientific process, and to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1079.67,"endTime":1083.75,"body":"go from your kitchen scraps and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1083.75,"endTime":1086.78,"body":"then at the end of however many"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1083.75,"endTime":1086.78,"body":"weeks or a few months, and to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1086.78,"endTime":1090.02,"body":"hold it in your hand and smell"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1086.78,"endTime":1090.02,"body":"it and look at it and it's not"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1090.02,"endTime":1092.15,"body":"the same thing is pretty cool."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1092.18,"endTime":1094.85,"body":"So we have dealt"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1092.18,"endTime":1094.85,"body":"with our carbon and our nitrogen"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1094.88,"endTime":1098.72,"body":"and our water and our oxygen,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1094.88,"endTime":1098.72,"body":"we've turned our compost. Now,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1098.72,"endTime":1102.17,"body":"can we throw it right into our"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1098.72,"endTime":1102.17,"body":"garden beds? What's next?"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1102.2,"endTime":1104.21,"body":"I'm glad you asked"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1102.2,"endTime":1104.21,"body":"that, and a lot of times we"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1104.21,"endTime":1107.45,"body":"haven't even touched on one of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1104.21,"endTime":1107.45,"body":"the trickiest parts is maybe"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1107.45,"endTime":1109.58,"body":"you're doing everything you're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1107.45,"endTime":1109.58,"body":"supposed to do with your compost"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1109.58,"endTime":1112.13,"body":"pile, and it's looking great."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1109.58,"endTime":1112.13,"body":"But how do you know it's ready?"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1112.25,"endTime":1114.95,"body":"If you have a thermometer, I"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1112.25,"endTime":1114.95,"body":"would highly recommend, if you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1114.95,"endTime":1116.66,"body":"really want to get into this,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1114.95,"endTime":1116.66,"body":"you can get some pretty"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1116.66,"endTime":1120.29,"body":"affordable compost thermometers;"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1116.66,"endTime":1120.29,"body":"that would be a great way to go."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1120.32,"endTime":1122.69,"body":"If you don't have a thermometer,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1120.32,"endTime":1122.69,"body":"you can just kind of check on"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1122.69,"endTime":1125.66,"body":"how hot or steamy the pile is"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1122.69,"endTime":1125.66,"body":"when you turn it. You want to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1125.66,"endTime":1128.39,"body":"continue your turning process"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1125.66,"endTime":1128.39,"body":"and getting up to that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1128.39,"endTime":1131.72,"body":"temperature that you want to get"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1128.39,"endTime":1131.72,"body":"to until it just won't heat up"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1131.72,"endTime":1134.36,"body":"anymore. And you know, if you've"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1131.72,"endTime":1134.36,"body":"been heating it up, and it's not"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1134.36,"endTime":1136.4,"body":"just because you've done"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1134.36,"endTime":1136.4,"body":"something wrong, but it's been"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1136.4,"endTime":1139.79,"body":"working well, and then it just"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1136.4,"endTime":1139.79,"body":"kind of peters out, and it stops"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1139.79,"endTime":1142.88,"body":"heating up as much. That's a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1139.79,"endTime":1142.88,"body":"sign that a lot of your material"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1142.88,"endTime":1146.15,"body":"has been broken down and kind of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1142.88,"endTime":1146.15,"body":"transformed the way we want it"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1146.15,"endTime":1149.66,"body":"to be. But even then, there's a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1146.15,"endTime":1149.66,"body":"process called curing, and I'm"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1149.66,"endTime":1153.47,"body":"not gonna lie, it's sort of a"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1149.66,"endTime":1153.47,"body":"mysterious concept. We've been"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1153.5,"endTime":1156.47,"body":"heating up the pile and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1153.5,"endTime":1156.47,"body":"encouraging all of these, what"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1156.47,"endTime":1159.14,"body":"are called thermophilic"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1156.47,"endTime":1159.14,"body":"microbes, because they like high"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1159.14,"endTime":1163.04,"body":"temperatures to do their job in"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1159.14,"endTime":1163.04,"body":"the compost. But over years and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1163.04,"endTime":1165.89,"body":"years and years of people"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1163.04,"endTime":1165.89,"body":"creating compost, we've realized"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1165.92,"endTime":1169.43,"body":"that the curing phase is very"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1165.92,"endTime":1169.43,"body":"important, and that's letting"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1169.46,"endTime":1173.99,"body":"those normal temperature microbe"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1169.46,"endTime":1173.99,"body":"populations recolonize the piles"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1174.02,"endTime":1178.16,"body":"and continue to process it and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1174.02,"endTime":1178.16,"body":"do their own processes, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1178.16,"endTime":1181.58,"body":"essentially, they just sort of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1178.16,"endTime":1181.58,"body":"even out the compost. Josh"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1181.58,"endTime":1185.27,"body":"mentioned something called being"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1181.58,"endTime":1185.27,"body":"hot, and that can be, if there's"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1185.3,"endTime":1189.26,"body":"minerals and nitrogens in"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1185.3,"endTime":1189.26,"body":"certain forms in the compost, it"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1189.26,"endTime":1193.1,"body":"can be sometimes detrimental to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1189.26,"endTime":1193.1,"body":"planting directly into that. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1193.1,"endTime":1195.92,"body":"they're just sort of finishing"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1193.1,"endTime":1195.92,"body":"the process and breaking"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1195.92,"endTime":1198.98,"body":"everything down to where it's"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1195.92,"endTime":1198.98,"body":"stable, and that's called"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1198.98,"endTime":1201.92,"body":"curing. And there's no exact"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1198.98,"endTime":1201.92,"body":"time for that, but I would"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1201.92,"endTime":1205.22,"body":"recommend, once your pile stops"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1201.92,"endTime":1205.22,"body":"heating up, to leave it for at"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1205.22,"endTime":1208.64,"body":"least several weeks of just"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1205.22,"endTime":1208.64,"body":"letting it sit there and breathe"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1208.67,"endTime":1209.57,"body":"and then using it."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1209.6,"endTime":1211.91,"body":"So that begs the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1209.6,"endTime":1211.91,"body":"question, we've talked about"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1211.91,"endTime":1215.78,"body":"organic matter and those organic"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1211.91,"endTime":1215.78,"body":"heaps and compost. What is the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1215.78,"endTime":1219.59,"body":"difference between compost and"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1215.78,"endTime":1219.59,"body":"this decomposed organic matter"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1219.59,"endTime":1220.31,"body":"we're talking about?"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1220.34,"endTime":1222.8,"body":"So most people don't"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1220.34,"endTime":1222.8,"body":"ever think about this. So this"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1222.8,"endTime":1225.17,"body":"is a fun question or thing to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1222.8,"endTime":1225.17,"body":"talk about this. A lot of people"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1225.17,"endTime":1228.35,"body":"who use compost for years have"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1225.17,"endTime":1228.35,"body":"never really thought about the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1228.35,"endTime":1231.5,"body":"difference. And it really"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1228.35,"endTime":1231.5,"body":"sometimes it looks very similar,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1231.53,"endTime":1234.92,"body":"and both can have great effects"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1231.53,"endTime":1234.92,"body":"on your garden and be good"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1234.95,"endTime":1237.74,"body":"amendments. But when you get"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1234.95,"endTime":1237.74,"body":"down into the sort of soil"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1237.74,"endTime":1241.58,"body":"science of it, basically the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1237.74,"endTime":1241.58,"body":"composting process, one Josh"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1241.58,"endTime":1244.19,"body":"mentioned, on a practical scale,"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1241.58,"endTime":1244.19,"body":"is you're just getting it much"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1244.19,"endTime":1246.74,"body":"faster. You're breaking that"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1244.19,"endTime":1246.74,"body":"stuff down. I mean, you're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1246.74,"endTime":1250.19,"body":"talking about sometimes close to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1246.74,"endTime":1250.19,"body":"10 times faster, as if you just"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1250.19,"endTime":1253.88,"body":"left it to its own devices to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1250.19,"endTime":1253.88,"body":"break down. But in addition to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1253.88,"endTime":1257.96,"body":"that, you're transforming those"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1253.88,"endTime":1257.96,"body":"really simple organic molecules"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1257.96,"endTime":1260.75,"body":"where get just a tiny bit"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1257.96,"endTime":1260.75,"body":"chemistry in here, but sugars"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1260.75,"endTime":1263.0,"body":"and carbohydrates, like the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1260.75,"endTime":1263.0,"body":"things that we eat that would be"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1263.03,"endTime":1265.4,"body":"in our plant refuse that we're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1263.03,"endTime":1265.4,"body":"putting in there. And you're"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1265.4,"endTime":1268.76,"body":"transforming it with all those"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1265.4,"endTime":1268.76,"body":"microbial communities, and even"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1268.76,"endTime":1272.75,"body":"sometimes the actual physical"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1268.76,"endTime":1272.75,"body":"heat, into really complex"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1272.75,"endTime":1275.51,"body":"organic molecules. And the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1272.75,"endTime":1275.51,"body":"reason that matters is those"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1275.51,"endTime":1278.57,"body":"molecules have all these cool"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1275.51,"endTime":1278.57,"body":"functions in the soil where they"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1278.57,"endTime":1282.2,"body":"don't just evaporate off of the"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1278.57,"endTime":1282.2,"body":"surface of your garden when you"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1282.2,"endTime":1285.23,"body":"till it, or when it's broken"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1282.2,"endTime":1285.23,"body":"down further, it can hold on to"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1285.23,"endTime":1288.23,"body":"nutrients, because it's a really"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1285.23,"endTime":1288.23,"body":"complex molecule with all these"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1288.23,"endTime":1291.38,"body":"little edges, just like our"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1288.23,"endTime":1291.38,"body":"clays and things that can has"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1291.38,"endTime":1295.49,"body":"buffering capacity to affect our"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1291.38,"endTime":1295.49,"body":"pH and keep it in a stable"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1295.49,"endTime":1298.01,"body":"range. It does all sorts of"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1295.49,"endTime":1298.01,"body":"really cool things, just because"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1298.01,"endTime":1300.62,"body":"those molecules have been turned"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1298.01,"endTime":1300.62,"body":"into something much more"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1300.62,"endTime":1302.9,"body":"complicated than they were when"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1300.62,"endTime":1302.9,"body":"they went in the pile."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1302.93,"endTime":1303.92,"body":"That's so cool."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1302.93,"endTime":1303.92,"body":"[laughter]"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":1304.88,"endTime":1307.97,"body":"I'm convinced"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":1304.88,"endTime":1307.97,"body":"this summer is gonna be hot"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":1307.97,"endTime":1308.81,"body":"compost summer."},{"speaker":"Everyone","startTime":1308.81,"endTime":1308.84,"body":"[laughter]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1308.84,"endTime":1310.73,"body":"Hot compost"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1308.84,"endTime":1310.73,"body":"summer. [laughter]"},{"speaker":"Everyone","startTime":1310.73,"endTime":1310.76,"body":"[laughter]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1310.76,"endTime":1311.84,"body":"But not too hot."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1310.76,"endTime":1311.84,"body":"[laughter]"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":1311.84,"endTime":1312.92,"body":"Not too hot, not"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":1311.84,"endTime":1312.92,"body":"too hot."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1313.4,"endTime":1317.09,"body":"A complicated yet"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1313.4,"endTime":1317.09,"body":"not an all around us, very fun"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1317.12,"endTime":1320.72,"body":"process, a low risk thing for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1317.12,"endTime":1320.72,"body":"listeners to dive into. I've"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1320.72,"endTime":1324.29,"body":"learned a ton. I know I've"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1320.72,"endTime":1324.29,"body":"started a few failed compost"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1324.29,"endTime":1327.29,"body":"piles or organic matter heaps,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1324.29,"endTime":1327.29,"body":"is what I'm now learning. I"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1327.29,"endTime":1328.28,"body":"should have been calling."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":1328.31,"endTime":1328.88,"body":"Goopy messes."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1328.91,"endTime":1330.44,"body":"Goopy messes."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1330.44,"endTime":1330.47,"body":"[laughter]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1330.84,"endTime":1332.25,"body":"We were so"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1330.84,"endTime":1332.25,"body":"excited to have this"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1332.25,"endTime":1335.07,"body":"conversation, hopefully get"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1332.25,"endTime":1335.07,"body":"listeners a little snippet of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1335.07,"endTime":1337.59,"body":"how they can get started. As I"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1335.07,"endTime":1337.59,"body":"mentioned earlier, we will"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1337.59,"endTime":1340.86,"body":"absolutely include a ton of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1337.59,"endTime":1340.86,"body":"resources from UGA Cooperative"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1340.86,"endTime":1344.16,"body":"Extension and beyond in the show"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1340.86,"endTime":1344.16,"body":"notes, including an article that"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1344.16,"endTime":1347.91,"body":"Laura wrote for our college on"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1344.16,"endTime":1347.91,"body":"composting tips. And of course,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1347.91,"endTime":1350.01,"body":"we couldn't have you all in"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1347.91,"endTime":1350.01,"body":"without putting a shameless plug"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1350.01,"endTime":1353.16,"body":"in. If you have questions, find"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1350.01,"endTime":1353.16,"body":"your local county Extension"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1353.16,"endTime":1355.35,"body":"agent through UGA Cooperative"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1353.16,"endTime":1355.35,"body":"Extension, and we'll put that"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1355.35,"endTime":1357.78,"body":"link in the show notes. If you"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1355.35,"endTime":1357.78,"body":"don't know who your local agent"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1357.81,"endTime":1360.81,"body":"is. To find them, we have a"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1357.81,"endTime":1360.81,"body":"great resource to do that,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1360.81,"endTime":1363.84,"body":"because they will happily point"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1360.81,"endTime":1363.84,"body":"you in the right direction to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1363.84,"endTime":1366.18,"body":"get started on your own"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1363.84,"endTime":1366.18,"body":"composting journey. But in the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1366.18,"endTime":1369.54,"body":"meantime, Laura, Josh, thank you"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1366.18,"endTime":1369.54,"body":"so much for coming in today. We"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1369.54,"endTime":1370.14,"body":"had a blast."},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1370.16,"endTime":1371.6,"body":"Thank you so much for"},{"speaker":"Laura Ney","startTime":1370.16,"endTime":1371.6,"body":"having us."},{"speaker":"Sound Effect","startTime":1371.6,"endTime":1371.63,"body":"[music]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1372.71,"endTime":1374.06,"body":"Thanks for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1372.71,"endTime":1374.06,"body":"listening to Cultivating"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1374.06,"endTime":1378.14,"body":"Curiosity, a podcast produced by"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1374.06,"endTime":1378.14,"body":"the UGA College of Agricultural"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1378.14,"endTime":1381.11,"body":"and Environmental Sciences. A"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1378.14,"endTime":1381.11,"body":"special thanks to Mason"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1381.11,"endTime":1383.96,"body":"McClintock for our music and"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1381.11,"endTime":1383.96,"body":"sound effects. Find more"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1383.96,"endTime":1386.12,"body":"episodes wherever you get your"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1383.96,"endTime":1386.12,"body":"podcasts."}]}