{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Sound Effect","startTime":0.0,"endTime":0.18,"body":"[music]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":0.42,"endTime":2.7,"body":"Welcome to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":0.42,"endTime":2.7,"body":"Cultivating Curiosity where we"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":2.7,"endTime":5.88,"body":"get down and dirty with the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":2.7,"endTime":5.88,"body":"experts on all the ways science"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":5.88,"endTime":9.54,"body":"and agriculture touch our lives,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":5.88,"endTime":9.54,"body":"from what we eat to how we live."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":10.98,"endTime":12.18,"body":"I'm Jordan Powers."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":12.36,"endTime":14.28,"body":"And I'm Emily"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":12.36,"endTime":14.28,"body":"Cabrera. We're from the"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":14.28,"endTime":16.86,"body":"University of Georgia's College"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":14.28,"endTime":16.86,"body":"of Agricultural and"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":16.86,"endTime":18.12,"body":"Environmental Sciences."},{"speaker":"Sound Effect","startTime":18.42,"endTime":18.6,"body":"[chime]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":20.64,"endTime":22.74,"body":"June marks the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":20.64,"endTime":22.74,"body":"beginning of the six month"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":22.74,"endTime":25.425,"body":"hurricane season in Georgia. To"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":22.74,"endTime":25.425,"body":"help us get a baseline"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":25.425,"endTime":28.605,"body":"understanding of what hurricane"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":25.425,"endTime":28.605,"body":"season truly means and how to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":28.605,"endTime":32.445,"body":"prepare, we invited Pam Knox,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":28.605,"endTime":32.445,"body":"agricultural climatologist and"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":32.445,"endTime":35.385,"body":"director of the UGA Weather"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":32.445,"endTime":35.385,"body":"Network, to join us on the show."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":35.565,"endTime":37.485,"body":"Pam, thank you so much for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":35.565,"endTime":37.485,"body":"coming in this morning."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":37.485,"endTime":38.565,"body":"Oh, it's great to be"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":37.485,"endTime":38.565,"body":"here."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":38.0,"endTime":41.24,"body":"Before we dive"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":38.0,"endTime":41.24,"body":"into this very timely topic. I"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":41.24,"endTime":43.82,"body":"think some of our listeners"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":41.24,"endTime":43.82,"body":"might be hearing the term"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":43.88,"endTime":47.06,"body":"agricultural climatologist for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":43.88,"endTime":47.06,"body":"the first time. Can you walk us"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":47.06,"endTime":50.12,"body":"through what that role involves"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":47.06,"endTime":50.12,"body":"and why it is so important,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":50.12,"endTime":51.62,"body":"especially at this time of the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":50.12,"endTime":51.62,"body":"year?"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":51.0,"endTime":53.76,"body":"First of all, you have"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":51.0,"endTime":53.76,"body":"to understand that my degree is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":53.76,"endTime":57.42,"body":"actually in meteorology, so"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":53.76,"endTime":57.42,"body":"weather forecasting and so on,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":57.42,"endTime":60.78,"body":"but I've spent almost my entire"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":57.42,"endTime":60.78,"body":"career looking at climate, and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":60.78,"endTime":63.24,"body":"if you're interested in what the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":60.78,"endTime":63.24,"body":"difference between weather and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":63.24,"endTime":66.42,"body":"climate is, there's really a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":63.24,"endTime":66.42,"body":"simple explanation that I heard"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":66.42,"endTime":69.72,"body":"from a third grader once, and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":66.42,"endTime":69.72,"body":"that is, climate is the clothes"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":69.72,"endTime":72.24,"body":"in your closet, and weather is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":69.72,"endTime":72.24,"body":"what you wear today."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":72.24,"endTime":73.62,"body":"That is"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":72.24,"endTime":73.62,"body":"brilliant!"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":73.66,"endTime":76.06,"body":"Which is an amazing"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":73.66,"endTime":76.06,"body":"statement, and you can all"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":76.06,"endTime":78.58,"body":"relate to that, because when I"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":76.06,"endTime":78.58,"body":"look in my closet, you know,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":78.58,"endTime":81.82,"body":"I've got winter coats, I've got"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":78.58,"endTime":81.82,"body":"boots, sweaters and so on. And"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":81.82,"endTime":84.28,"body":"then we've got all the shorts"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":81.82,"endTime":84.28,"body":"and the T shirts and everything"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":84.28,"endTime":88.54,"body":"for summer. And so climate has"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":84.28,"endTime":88.54,"body":"to really cover the whole gamut"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":88.54,"endTime":92.32,"body":"from, you know, the coldest"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":88.54,"endTime":92.32,"body":"colds to the hottest hots and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":92.32,"endTime":95.5,"body":"the daily average weather and so"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":92.32,"endTime":95.5,"body":"on. So what I spend most of my"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":95.5,"endTime":99.445,"body":"time doing as a climatologist is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":95.5,"endTime":99.445,"body":"to look at the large scale"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":99.445,"endTime":101.785,"body":"weather patterns that are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":99.445,"endTime":101.785,"body":"happening, how it's affecting"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":101.785,"endTime":104.005,"body":"the weather that we see today."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":101.785,"endTime":104.005,"body":"Of course, you know, a lot of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":104.005,"endTime":106.165,"body":"the farmers are more interested"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":104.005,"endTime":106.165,"body":"in weather than they are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":106.165,"endTime":110.785,"body":"climate. So as a climatologist,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":106.165,"endTime":110.785,"body":"I work with looking at what has"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":110.785,"endTime":113.545,"body":"happened already, because that's"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":110.785,"endTime":113.545,"body":"part of the growing season, and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":113.545,"endTime":115.945,"body":"then look towards what we're"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":113.545,"endTime":115.945,"body":"going to expect for the next few"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":115.945,"endTime":119.065,"body":"weeks and even the next few"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":115.945,"endTime":119.065,"body":"months. And I have to keep all"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":119.065,"endTime":121.99,"body":"of that in mind when I'm looking"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":119.065,"endTime":121.99,"body":"at particular weather stations,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":121.99,"endTime":124.87,"body":"or if I'm looking at the state"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":121.99,"endTime":124.87,"body":"as a whole, or sometimes looking"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":124.87,"endTime":127.63,"body":"at it in terms of global weather"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":124.87,"endTime":127.63,"body":"patterns, because, of course,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":127.63,"endTime":130.69,"body":"the wind comes to us from other"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":127.63,"endTime":130.69,"body":"parts of the world. It's not all"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":130.69,"endTime":133.75,"body":"just local to Georgia. The"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":130.69,"endTime":133.75,"body":"agricultural part of it is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":133.75,"endTime":137.53,"body":"because my primary audience is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":133.75,"endTime":137.53,"body":"the agricultural community, so"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":137.53,"endTime":141.19,"body":"that's Extension agents and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":137.53,"endTime":141.19,"body":"farmers and people who work with"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":141.19,"endTime":141.37,"body":"them."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":141.73,"endTime":143.875,"body":"And you mentioned"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":141.73,"endTime":143.875,"body":"the weather stations just now in"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":143.875,"endTime":146.455,"body":"that response, tell us a little"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":143.875,"endTime":146.455,"body":"bit, that ties into your work"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":146.455,"endTime":149.155,"body":"with UGA Weather Network. Can"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":146.455,"endTime":149.155,"body":"you give us, like the 30-second"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":149.155,"endTime":151.993,"body":"snippet on what that is, and we"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":149.155,"endTime":151.993,"body":"will be sure to link to more in"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":151.993,"endTime":152.0,"body":"the show notes as well."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":152.0,"endTime":154.46,"body":"Okay, well, the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":152.0,"endTime":154.46,"body":"University of Georgia has a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":154.46,"endTime":157.22,"body":"weather network that's different"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":154.46,"endTime":157.22,"body":"than the National Weather"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":157.22,"endTime":160.22,"body":"Service Network, but it measures"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":157.22,"endTime":160.22,"body":"the same kind of information. It"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":160.22,"endTime":163.88,"body":"measures temperature and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":160.22,"endTime":163.88,"body":"rainfall and humidity and wind"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":163.88,"endTime":166.58,"body":"and so on. It also measures soil"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":163.88,"endTime":166.58,"body":"temperature and soil moisture,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":166.58,"endTime":170.36,"body":"which is important for growing"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":166.58,"endTime":170.36,"body":"crops, but is not taken by other"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":170.36,"endTime":173.78,"body":"groups. We have 90 stations"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":170.36,"endTime":173.78,"body":"across the state. The weather"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":173.78,"endTime":176.465,"body":"stations record all this"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":173.78,"endTime":176.465,"body":"information. It's used by"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":176.465,"endTime":179.525,"body":"farmers to do things like"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":176.465,"endTime":179.525,"body":"schedule irrigation. If it's"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":179.525,"endTime":182.705,"body":"been dry, they need to know how"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":179.525,"endTime":182.705,"body":"dry, and so they will look to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":182.705,"endTime":185.765,"body":"see how much moisture there is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":182.705,"endTime":185.765,"body":"in the soil, and use that. They"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":185.765,"endTime":189.065,"body":"also use the information of soil"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":185.765,"endTime":189.065,"body":"temperatures for figuring out"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":189.065,"endTime":192.545,"body":"when to plant. You can plant"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":189.065,"endTime":192.545,"body":"corn when it's about 50 degrees"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":192.545,"endTime":195.245,"body":"Fahrenheit, but you really don't"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":192.545,"endTime":195.245,"body":"want to plant peanuts or cotton"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":195.305,"endTime":198.605,"body":"until it's closer to 65 degrees,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":195.305,"endTime":198.605,"body":"and that's the soil temperature,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":198.605,"endTime":201.59,"body":"that's not the air temperature."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":198.605,"endTime":201.59,"body":"So you have to have that kind of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":201.59,"endTime":204.95,"body":"information. Wind will tell you"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":201.59,"endTime":204.95,"body":"things like insects, especially"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":204.95,"endTime":208.55,"body":"pests, that are affecting the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":204.95,"endTime":208.55,"body":"plants. Where are those pests"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":208.55,"endTime":211.49,"body":"coming from, and when are they"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":208.55,"endTime":211.49,"body":"likely to get here? That's also"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":211.49,"endTime":214.97,"body":"useful for diseases like"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":211.49,"endTime":214.97,"body":"Southern rust on corn. And so"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":214.97,"endTime":218.33,"body":"all of that is just collected so"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":214.97,"endTime":218.33,"body":"that people can compare what"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":218.33,"endTime":221.27,"body":"they actually saw growing this"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":218.33,"endTime":221.27,"body":"year to the weather. Because the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":221.27,"endTime":224.255,"body":"weather, obviously is one of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":221.27,"endTime":224.255,"body":"biggest influencers of how the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":224.255,"endTime":225.215,"body":"crop is growing."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":225.24,"endTime":228.42,"body":"Absolutely, so a"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":225.24,"endTime":228.42,"body":"huge amount of data that's being"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":228.48,"endTime":232.08,"body":"collected and processed and a"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":228.48,"endTime":232.08,"body":"huge resource for especially"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":232.08,"endTime":234.66,"body":"that agricultural community here"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":232.08,"endTime":234.66,"body":"in the state. Even as a lay"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":234.66,"endTime":237.36,"body":"person, it's fun to kind of poke"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":234.66,"endTime":237.36,"body":"around on there and see that"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":237.36,"endTime":240.24,"body":"amount of data and how much of a"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":237.36,"endTime":240.24,"body":"resource it really is."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":240.3,"endTime":242.7,"body":"You mentioned the"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":240.3,"endTime":242.7,"body":"difference between weather and"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":242.7,"endTime":245.7,"body":"climate. I think sometimes these"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":242.7,"endTime":245.7,"body":"terms can get used"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":245.7,"endTime":247.86,"body":"interchangeably, but they are"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":245.7,"endTime":247.86,"body":"different. Can you kind of"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":247.86,"endTime":250.965,"body":"quickly touch on what makes"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":247.86,"endTime":250.965,"body":"weather, weather and climate,"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":250.965,"endTime":251.325,"body":"climate?"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":251.325,"endTime":254.385,"body":"The first thing I"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":251.325,"endTime":254.385,"body":"usually use as a difference is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":254.385,"endTime":257.445,"body":"that I think of weather as being"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":254.385,"endTime":257.445,"body":"more forward looking in time."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":257.625,"endTime":260.325,"body":"You're starting with what the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":257.625,"endTime":260.325,"body":"current conditions are, you're"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":260.325,"endTime":262.605,"body":"looking towards forecasts. Are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":260.325,"endTime":262.605,"body":"we going to get rain this"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":262.605,"endTime":265.365,"body":"afternoon, you know, are we"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":262.605,"endTime":265.365,"body":"going to get a frost in a week?"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":265.545,"endTime":269.085,"body":"So I think of weather as short"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":265.545,"endTime":269.085,"body":"term events and things that are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":269.085,"endTime":272.37,"body":"looking forward in time or"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":269.085,"endTime":272.37,"body":"forecast. For climate, I think"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":272.37,"endTime":275.37,"body":"of things that tend to be"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":272.37,"endTime":275.37,"body":"longer, that averages over three"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":275.37,"endTime":278.61,"body":"months or a year, or something"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":275.37,"endTime":278.61,"body":"like that, looking at past"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":278.61,"endTime":282.99,"body":"events, so past hurricanes or"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":278.61,"endTime":282.99,"body":"past wind storms, or, you know,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":282.99,"endTime":285.21,"body":"just past droughts, because"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":282.99,"endTime":285.21,"body":"droughts, of course, are very"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":285.21,"endTime":288.33,"body":"important for agriculture, so"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":285.21,"endTime":288.33,"body":"it's a difference of time scale,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":288.33,"endTime":290.55,"body":"and it's a difference of which"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":288.33,"endTime":290.55,"body":"direction you're looking."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":290.78,"endTime":293.42,"body":"During hurricane"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":290.78,"endTime":293.42,"body":"season. Residents will likely"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":293.42,"endTime":297.8,"body":"hear terms like La Niña, El Niño"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":293.42,"endTime":297.8,"body":"and ENSO referenced often. Can"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":297.8,"endTime":300.38,"body":"you break down what each of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":297.8,"endTime":300.38,"body":"these terms actually mean?"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":299.92,"endTime":302.761,"body":"The atmosphere of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":299.92,"endTime":302.761,"body":"globe as a whole can be thought"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":302.815,"endTime":306.193,"body":"of as a giant jiggling bowl of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":302.815,"endTime":306.193,"body":"jelly. So there's lots of little"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":306.247,"endTime":309.572,"body":"waves and ripples that are going"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":306.247,"endTime":309.572,"body":"through the atmosphere at any"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":309.625,"endTime":312.682,"body":"one time. Some of them are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":309.625,"endTime":312.682,"body":"small, some of them are large."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":312.735,"endTime":315.685,"body":"And one of the largest is what"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":312.735,"endTime":315.685,"body":"we call El Niño-Southern"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":315.738,"endTime":319.009,"body":"Oscillation, or we call it ENSO"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":315.738,"endTime":319.009,"body":"for short. And that comprises"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":319.063,"endTime":322.066,"body":"both El Niño and La Niña,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":319.063,"endTime":322.066,"body":"they're two opposite phases of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":322.119,"endTime":325.015,"body":"the same oscillation. And so"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":322.119,"endTime":325.015,"body":"when we're in an El Niño,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":325.068,"endTime":328.339,"body":"usually the water in the eastern"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":325.068,"endTime":328.339,"body":"Pacific Ocean is warmer than"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":328.393,"endTime":331.664,"body":"usual. When the El Niño is the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":328.393,"endTime":331.664,"body":"strongest, which is usually in"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":331.718,"endTime":334.828,"body":"the winter, that will have"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":331.718,"endTime":334.828,"body":"really unusually warm water, it"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":334.881,"endTime":338.206,"body":"affects people locally there,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":334.881,"endTime":338.206,"body":"because that warm water cuts off"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":338.26,"endTime":341.691,"body":"upwelling of nutrients for fish."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":338.26,"endTime":341.691,"body":"So a lot of the fish harvest is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":341.745,"endTime":344.855,"body":"really poor during that time."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":341.745,"endTime":344.855,"body":"Also affects people that are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":344.909,"endTime":348.18,"body":"growing potatoes in the uplands"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":344.909,"endTime":348.18,"body":"of Peru. It was named El Niño"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":348.233,"endTime":351.29,"body":"because it came around Christmas"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":348.233,"endTime":351.29,"body":"time. Usually it was the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":351.343,"endTime":354.614,"body":"strongest around Christmas time"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":351.343,"endTime":354.614,"body":"associated with the coming of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":354.668,"endTime":357.939,"body":"the Christ child. Of course,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":354.668,"endTime":357.939,"body":"there they speak Spanish, and so"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":357.993,"endTime":361.424,"body":"it was named that way. And then"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":357.993,"endTime":361.424,"body":"the opposite of that is when the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":361.478,"endTime":364.588,"body":"ocean temperatures in the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":361.478,"endTime":364.588,"body":"eastern Pacific Ocean are colder"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":364.642,"endTime":367.591,"body":"than usual. And that's the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":364.642,"endTime":367.591,"body":"opposite La Niña, the little"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":367.645,"endTime":370.755,"body":"girl in Spanish, that also"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":367.645,"endTime":370.755,"body":"usually is the strongest in the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":370.808,"endTime":373.811,"body":"winter. And so it oscillates"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":370.808,"endTime":373.811,"body":"back and forth, just like a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":373.865,"endTime":376.868,"body":"seesaw. So you get this"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":373.865,"endTime":376.868,"body":"oscillation back and forth. It's"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":376.921,"endTime":380.246,"body":"not as regular as a heartbeat."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":376.921,"endTime":380.246,"body":"It does oscillate on, you know,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":380.3,"endTime":383.624,"body":"a quasi regular pattern. So we"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":380.3,"endTime":383.624,"body":"switch back and forth. Usually,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":383.678,"endTime":387.163,"body":"an El Niño will last for no more"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":383.678,"endTime":387.163,"body":"than a year. Sometimes a La Niña"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":387.217,"endTime":390.541,"body":"will last for several years. And"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":387.217,"endTime":390.541,"body":"if you're in between, we call"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":390.595,"endTime":393.491,"body":"that neutral. So the ocean"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":390.595,"endTime":393.491,"body":"temperatures in the eastern"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":393.544,"endTime":396.601,"body":"Pacific Ocean are close to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":393.544,"endTime":396.601,"body":"normal. You might not think it"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":396.654,"endTime":399.818,"body":"would affect things here in the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":396.654,"endTime":399.818,"body":"Southeast, but actually the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":399.872,"endTime":402.767,"body":"climate signal of ENSO in the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":399.872,"endTime":402.767,"body":"southeast is very strong"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":402.821,"endTime":406.146,"body":"compared to most parts of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":402.821,"endTime":406.146,"body":"country, and so we can use it as"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":406.199,"endTime":408.934,"body":"a tool to predict what the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":406.199,"endTime":408.934,"body":"weather is likely to be,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":408.988,"endTime":412.312,"body":"especially in the winter, but it"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":408.988,"endTime":412.312,"body":"does have some impacts in the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":412.366,"endTime":415.315,"body":"summer as well. There's all"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":412.366,"endTime":415.315,"body":"these other things that are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":415.369,"endTime":418.747,"body":"going on at the same time. Like"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":415.369,"endTime":418.747,"body":"I said, it's the bowl of Jell-O"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":418.801,"endTime":421.857,"body":"so you're having lots of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":418.801,"endTime":421.857,"body":"different kinds of interactions,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":421.911,"endTime":425.235,"body":"all happening from just a few"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":421.911,"endTime":425.235,"body":"hours in scale, from some of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":425.289,"endTime":427.702,"body":"really short term waves to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":425.289,"endTime":427.702,"body":"things that can be"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":427.755,"endTime":431.134,"body":"multi-decadal, some of the ocean"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":427.755,"endTime":431.134,"body":"oscillations, if you bring the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":431.187,"endTime":434.297,"body":"ocean and ocean works on a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":431.187,"endTime":434.297,"body":"slower timescale. So that makes"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":434.351,"endTime":437.247,"body":"it a very interesting thing,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":434.351,"endTime":437.247,"body":"because you got to really"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":437.3,"endTime":440.41,"body":"consider all these different"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":437.3,"endTime":440.41,"body":"things when you're looking at"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":440.464,"endTime":443.574,"body":"changes in the short term,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":440.464,"endTime":443.574,"body":"weather patterns. The impact of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":443.628,"endTime":446.952,"body":"having either neutral conditions"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":443.628,"endTime":446.952,"body":"or La Niña conditions is that"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":447.006,"endTime":450.331,"body":"the jet stream that's high up in"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":447.006,"endTime":450.331,"body":"the atmosphere, so it's about"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":450.384,"endTime":453.602,"body":"the level that jets fly at, is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":450.384,"endTime":453.602,"body":"weaker than usual, and that's"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":453.655,"endTime":457.141,"body":"because of temperature patterns."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":453.655,"endTime":457.141,"body":"And so when it's weaker, we have"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":457.194,"endTime":460.519,"body":"these storms that come off of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":457.194,"endTime":460.519,"body":"Africa. They develop as tropical"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":460.572,"endTime":463.629,"body":"waves, they get stronger and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":460.572,"endTime":463.629,"body":"stronger as they go over the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":463.683,"endTime":466.846,"body":"warm ocean, and they develop a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":463.683,"endTime":466.846,"body":"vertical circulation. If you"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":466.9,"endTime":470.01,"body":"don't have a jet stream on top"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":466.9,"endTime":470.01,"body":"that, that development goes"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":470.064,"endTime":473.335,"body":"really well. So a lot of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":470.064,"endTime":473.335,"body":"waves develop into named storms."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":473.388,"endTime":476.391,"body":"When we're in the opposite"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":473.388,"endTime":476.391,"body":"phase, when we're in El Niño,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":476.445,"endTime":479.93,"body":"that jet stream is stronger than"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":476.445,"endTime":479.93,"body":"usual. So if you get these waves"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":479.984,"endTime":483.201,"body":"that try to develop, the jet"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":479.984,"endTime":483.201,"body":"stream would just come and blow"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":483.255,"endTime":486.472,"body":"the top off of these developing"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":483.255,"endTime":486.472,"body":"systems, and they just don't"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":486.526,"endTime":489.904,"body":"develop as much. And so really,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":486.526,"endTime":489.904,"body":"I mean, the reason that El Niño"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":489.958,"endTime":493.014,"body":"and La Niña can affect the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":489.958,"endTime":493.014,"body":"hurricane season is because of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":493.068,"endTime":496.5,"body":"the way it's affecting the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":493.068,"endTime":496.5,"body":"vertical development of those storms."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":496.5,"endTime":499.5,"body":"Wow, that is so"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":496.5,"endTime":499.5,"body":"cool. And according to the"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":499.56,"endTime":503.42,"body":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":499.56,"endTime":503.42,"body":"Administration, or NOAA, for"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":503.42,"endTime":507.44,"body":"short, they're predicting that"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":503.42,"endTime":507.44,"body":"this year, this season, will be"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":507.44,"endTime":511.4,"body":"an above average Atlantic"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":507.44,"endTime":511.4,"body":"hurricane season. What does that"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":511.4,"endTime":515.36,"body":"actually mean? And how should we"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":511.4,"endTime":515.36,"body":"be prepared when there's higher"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":515.36,"endTime":517.16,"body":"than normal hurricane activity?"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":517.48,"endTime":520.12,"body":"Yeah, hurricane"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":517.48,"endTime":520.12,"body":"forecasting for the season is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":520.12,"endTime":524.32,"body":"strictly forecasting the likely"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":520.12,"endTime":524.32,"body":"number of named storms. It does"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":524.32,"endTime":527.26,"body":"not say anything about where"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":524.32,"endTime":527.26,"body":"they're going to go, how strong"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":527.26,"endTime":529.96,"body":"they're going to be, or if"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":527.26,"endTime":529.96,"body":"they're going to make landfall."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":530.14,"endTime":533.08,"body":"Obviously, all critical things"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":530.14,"endTime":533.08,"body":"if you're worried about impacts"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":533.08,"endTime":535.48,"body":"from the hurricanes. This year,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":533.08,"endTime":535.48,"body":"because we're in neutral"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":535.48,"endTime":538.9,"body":"conditions, we don't have that"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":535.48,"endTime":538.9,"body":"jet stream aloft, which means"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":538.9,"endTime":541.78,"body":"more of the waves that develop"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":538.9,"endTime":541.78,"body":"are going to be able to grow to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":541.825,"endTime":545.245,"body":"name status. And we know that"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":541.825,"endTime":545.245,"body":"it's likely to be a little bit"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":545.245,"endTime":547.705,"body":"more than the average. Now, last"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":545.245,"endTime":547.705,"body":"year was definitely above"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":547.705,"endTime":551.365,"body":"normal. It was La Nina and then"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":547.705,"endTime":551.365,"body":"neutral conditions for a lot of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":551.365,"endTime":554.725,"body":"last summer. And we had more"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":551.365,"endTime":554.725,"body":"than usual named storms. I think"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":554.725,"endTime":558.865,"body":"we had 18 last year. The average"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":554.725,"endTime":558.865,"body":"is around 12. We're going to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":558.925,"endTime":562.345,"body":"probably see more named storms"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":558.925,"endTime":562.345,"body":"than usual, but we don't know"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":562.345,"endTime":565.27,"body":"where they're going to go. It's"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":562.345,"endTime":565.27,"body":"very unlikely that we would have"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":565.27,"endTime":567.85,"body":"another season that looked"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":565.27,"endTime":567.85,"body":"exactly the same as last year."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":567.85,"endTime":570.37,"body":"We could have most of them stay"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":567.85,"endTime":570.37,"body":"out to sea. We call those fish"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":570.37,"endTime":574.15,"body":"storms, because all they really"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":570.37,"endTime":574.15,"body":"affect are fish hurricanes are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":574.15,"endTime":577.93,"body":"steered by the position of what"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":574.15,"endTime":577.93,"body":"we call the Bermuda high, or the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":577.93,"endTime":581.05,"body":"Atlantic high, which is located"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":577.93,"endTime":581.05,"body":"over the ocean and has a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":581.05,"endTime":585.07,"body":"clockwise circulation around it."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":581.05,"endTime":585.07,"body":"That wind pattern around the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":585.07,"endTime":588.775,"body":"high pressure really pushes the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":585.07,"endTime":588.775,"body":"storms around. The storms don't"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":588.775,"endTime":591.955,"body":"just move themselves. They're"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":588.775,"endTime":591.955,"body":"blown around by the large scale"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":591.955,"endTime":594.955,"body":"weather patterns, and that's why"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":591.955,"endTime":594.955,"body":"it's really important when we"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":594.955,"endTime":597.955,"body":"get into tropical season, that"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":594.955,"endTime":597.955,"body":"you keep an eye on how those are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":597.955,"endTime":601.915,"body":"changing over time, because when"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":597.955,"endTime":601.915,"body":"a hurricane does develop, we"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":601.915,"endTime":604.855,"body":"really are going to be dependent"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":601.915,"endTime":604.855,"body":"on the forecast from the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":604.855,"endTime":608.335,"body":"National Weather Service, or"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":604.855,"endTime":608.335,"body":"other aspects of NOAA, or the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":608.335,"endTime":611.14,"body":"Europeans have models that they"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":608.335,"endTime":611.14,"body":"use, and all of those come in"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":611.14,"endTime":613.96,"body":"together to try to figure out"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":611.14,"endTime":613.96,"body":"where that storm is going to go"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":613.96,"endTime":617.02,"body":"and how fast it's going to go."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":613.96,"endTime":617.02,"body":"The fastness will affect how"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":617.02,"endTime":620.08,"body":"strong it gets, because if it's"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":617.02,"endTime":620.08,"body":"going really slow and it's going"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":620.08,"endTime":623.74,"body":"over really warm water, usually"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":620.08,"endTime":623.74,"body":"it has to be at least 30 degrees"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":623.74,"endTime":627.58,"body":"centigrade or higher to really"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":623.74,"endTime":627.58,"body":"be good fuel for the hurricanes."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":627.82,"endTime":630.64,"body":"And so if that happens, and it"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":627.82,"endTime":630.64,"body":"stays over that warm water for a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":630.64,"endTime":633.385,"body":"long time period, the storm"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":630.64,"endTime":633.385,"body":"could get bigger. One of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":633.385,"endTime":636.445,"body":"things we've noticed in the last"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":633.385,"endTime":636.445,"body":"few years is that the Gulf of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":636.445,"endTime":639.685,"body":"Mexico has been really unusually"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":636.445,"endTime":639.685,"body":"warm, and it is now. So we have"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":639.685,"endTime":642.565,"body":"these storms that come over this"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":639.685,"endTime":642.565,"body":"really warm water, and they just"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":642.565,"endTime":645.865,"body":"suck up that energy from the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":642.565,"endTime":645.865,"body":"water and develop into really"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":645.865,"endTime":647.905,"body":"strong storms. And we've had"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":645.865,"endTime":647.905,"body":"some storms that have"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":647.905,"endTime":651.805,"body":"intensified very fast. Michael"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":647.905,"endTime":651.805,"body":"did that in 2018 some of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":651.805,"endTime":654.865,"body":"other storms that have hit"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":651.805,"endTime":654.865,"body":"Florida, and even Helene really"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":654.865,"endTime":658.45,"body":"got intense quickly because of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":654.865,"endTime":658.45,"body":"that warm water serving as fuel."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":658.57,"endTime":661.63,"body":"And so that is something that we"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":658.57,"endTime":661.63,"body":"really watch for but you can't"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":661.63,"endTime":664.45,"body":"really predict that very far"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":661.63,"endTime":664.45,"body":"ahead. That's why, if you're if"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":664.45,"endTime":666.55,"body":"you know there's a hurricane out"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":664.45,"endTime":666.55,"body":"there, you got to keep up with"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":666.55,"endTime":669.49,"body":"your forecast. And I don't even"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":666.55,"endTime":669.49,"body":"encourage people to really use"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":669.49,"endTime":672.85,"body":"their regular weather apps,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":669.49,"endTime":672.85,"body":"because just a small difference"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":672.85,"endTime":676.03,"body":"in the path of that storm can"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":672.85,"endTime":676.03,"body":"have a huge difference on what"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":676.03,"endTime":678.835,"body":"the impacts are. You know, if"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":676.03,"endTime":678.835,"body":"it's 100 miles farther east,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":678.835,"endTime":681.535,"body":"then you're probably going to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":678.835,"endTime":681.535,"body":"see sunshine and maybe some"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":681.535,"endTime":684.655,"body":"winds, but probably not much"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":681.535,"endTime":684.655,"body":"rain. If it's 100 miles to the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":684.655,"endTime":686.995,"body":"west, and you're going to be"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":684.655,"endTime":686.995,"body":"right in the thick of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":686.995,"endTime":690.955,"body":"heaviest rain and the winds that"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":686.995,"endTime":690.955,"body":"are the strongest, and so that"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":690.955,"endTime":693.835,"body":"is something that people need to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":690.955,"endTime":693.835,"body":"be aware of. The apps only, a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":693.835,"endTime":697.135,"body":"lot of the apps only update once"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":693.835,"endTime":697.135,"body":"or twice a day, and that's not"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":697.135,"endTime":700.075,"body":"fast enough if you've got a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":697.135,"endTime":700.075,"body":"hurricane, because things can"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":700.075,"endTime":700.975,"body":"change so fast."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":700.975,"endTime":704.38,"body":"With the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":700.975,"endTime":704.38,"body":"unpredictability of these storms"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":704.38,"endTime":707.14,"body":"and how quickly they can develop"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":704.38,"endTime":707.14,"body":"and how the paths change, we"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":707.14,"endTime":710.44,"body":"have a wealth of resources on"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":707.14,"endTime":710.44,"body":"hurricane preparedness and"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":710.44,"endTime":713.02,"body":"tropical storm preparedness"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":710.44,"endTime":713.02,"body":"through UGA Extension, because"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":713.02,"endTime":716.5,"body":"that preparedness is key when"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":713.02,"endTime":716.5,"body":"there's something that you can't"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":716.5,"endTime":719.14,"body":"predict, right? You just need to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":716.5,"endTime":719.14,"body":"be prepared in the season. And"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":719.14,"endTime":721.72,"body":"we will be sure to link to all"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":719.14,"endTime":721.72,"body":"of those resources in the show"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":721.72,"endTime":724.42,"body":"notes. But as someone who deals"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":721.72,"endTime":724.42,"body":"with this day in and day out,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":724.42,"endTime":729.085,"body":"365 days a year, can you share"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":724.42,"endTime":729.085,"body":"your top three tasks that"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":729.085,"endTime":731.785,"body":"Georgia residents should have on"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":729.085,"endTime":731.785,"body":"their to do lists as we enter"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":731.785,"endTime":732.685,"body":"hurricane season?"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":732.84,"endTime":736.08,"body":"Almost all the really"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":732.84,"endTime":736.08,"body":"strong hurricanes we've had,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":736.08,"endTime":738.96,"body":"major hurricanes, categories"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":736.08,"endTime":738.96,"body":"three to five hurricanes, were a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":738.96,"endTime":742.62,"body":"tropical storm three days ahead"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":738.96,"endTime":742.62,"body":"of time. That's why you have to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":742.62,"endTime":745.92,"body":"be on top of things. That's why"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":742.62,"endTime":745.92,"body":"you have to be prepared ahead of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":745.92,"endTime":749.34,"body":"time. And so you cannot wait"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":745.92,"endTime":749.34,"body":"until the storm is already"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":749.34,"endTime":752.64,"body":"named. You have to be prepared."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":749.34,"endTime":752.64,"body":"I usually like to tell farmers"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":752.64,"endTime":755.16,"body":"that at the beginning of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":752.64,"endTime":755.16,"body":"tropical season, they need to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":755.16,"endTime":758.085,"body":"make sure they have inventories"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":755.16,"endTime":758.085,"body":"of their equipment. They need to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":758.085,"endTime":761.205,"body":"make sure that if they need"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":758.085,"endTime":761.205,"body":"power for water pumps, or if"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":761.205,"endTime":763.185,"body":"they're a dairy or something"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":761.205,"endTime":763.185,"body":"like that, or if they need"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":763.185,"endTime":766.665,"body":"cooling, they need to make sure"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":763.185,"endTime":766.665,"body":"they have a generator, they have"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":766.665,"endTime":769.845,"body":"access to fuel, and they need to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":766.665,"endTime":769.845,"body":"have a plan for how they're"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":769.845,"endTime":772.425,"body":"going to take care of their"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":769.845,"endTime":772.425,"body":"animals. You know, how are they"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":772.425,"endTime":775.365,"body":"going to feed them if there's"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":772.425,"endTime":775.365,"body":"flooding, or if there's no power"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":775.365,"endTime":778.305,"body":"or something like that? Even for"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":775.365,"endTime":778.305,"body":"the average Georgian, you need"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":778.305,"endTime":780.81,"body":"to be prepared, just like you"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":778.305,"endTime":780.81,"body":"would for severe weather, right?"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":780.81,"endTime":783.69,"body":"You need to make sure you know"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":780.81,"endTime":783.69,"body":"how you're going to survive the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":783.69,"endTime":786.87,"body":"storm. Now, with a hurricane,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":783.69,"endTime":786.87,"body":"usually you have enough time in"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":786.87,"endTime":790.23,"body":"advance that you can drive out"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":786.87,"endTime":790.23,"body":"away from the storm, but people"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":790.23,"endTime":792.69,"body":"need to think about that. How"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":790.23,"endTime":792.69,"body":"are they going to contact their"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":792.69,"endTime":795.39,"body":"family? If they're all at work,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":792.69,"endTime":795.39,"body":"where are they going to go? I"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":795.39,"endTime":798.15,"body":"mean, you can drive out and hope"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":795.39,"endTime":798.15,"body":"that you can find a hotel, but"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":798.15,"endTime":800.55,"body":"you need to have an idea of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":798.15,"endTime":800.55,"body":"where you're going to go, and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":800.55,"endTime":802.875,"body":"that might be dependent on where"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":800.55,"endTime":802.875,"body":"you think the hurricane is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":802.875,"endTime":805.755,"body":"likely to go. So you need to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":802.875,"endTime":805.755,"body":"have a plan ahead of time. If"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":805.755,"endTime":808.035,"body":"you're going to stay in your"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":805.755,"endTime":808.035,"body":"house, if it doesn't look like"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":808.035,"endTime":810.675,"body":"it's going to be a strong one,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":808.035,"endTime":810.675,"body":"then you need to figure out how"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":810.675,"endTime":813.675,"body":"you're going to make yourself"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":810.675,"endTime":813.675,"body":"safe. So you got to find an area"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":813.675,"endTime":816.975,"body":"that's protected from winds,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":813.675,"endTime":816.975,"body":"kind of away from windows, not"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":816.975,"endTime":820.155,"body":"too low in case of flooding. And"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":816.975,"endTime":820.155,"body":"so you need to think about all"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":820.155,"endTime":822.735,"body":"that ahead of time. But from an"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":820.155,"endTime":822.735,"body":"insurance standpoint, it's"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":822.735,"endTime":825.54,"body":"always a good idea to make sure"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":822.735,"endTime":825.54,"body":"you've got an inventory, even if"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":825.54,"endTime":828.6,"body":"you just take a video camera"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":825.54,"endTime":828.6,"body":"around, or your phone even, and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":828.6,"endTime":831.0,"body":"just take pictures of what's in"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":828.6,"endTime":831.0,"body":"your house. You know, there's"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":831.0,"endTime":833.46,"body":"just no way you're going to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":831.0,"endTime":833.46,"body":"remember all that. So you really"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":833.52,"endTime":837.06,"body":"need to document way ahead of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":833.52,"endTime":837.06,"body":"time. For farmers, I usually"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":837.06,"endTime":840.12,"body":"like to tell them, you know when"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":837.06,"endTime":840.12,"body":"a hurricane is expected to come"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":840.12,"endTime":842.7,"body":"go out and take pictures of your"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":840.12,"endTime":842.7,"body":"fields, because you're going to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":842.7,"endTime":846.42,"body":"have to document the before and"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":842.7,"endTime":846.42,"body":"after of that particular crop,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":846.42,"endTime":849.105,"body":"because that's going to tell you"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":846.42,"endTime":849.105,"body":"how much money you're likely to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":849.105,"endTime":851.745,"body":"get in payment. But to do that,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":849.105,"endTime":851.745,"body":"you have to have pictures. It"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":851.745,"endTime":854.265,"body":"really helps to be able to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":851.745,"endTime":854.265,"body":"document that. Some people use"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":854.265,"endTime":857.265,"body":"drones. Some people just go out"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":854.265,"endTime":857.265,"body":"with their tractor and they take"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":857.265,"endTime":860.145,"body":"pictures. So you need to be able"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":857.265,"endTime":860.145,"body":"to do that. Always helps to have"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":860.145,"endTime":862.785,"body":"things written down, because"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":860.145,"endTime":862.785,"body":"otherwise you're going to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":862.785,"endTime":865.545,"body":"forget. You need to make sure"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":862.785,"endTime":865.545,"body":"you practice it. If you've got"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":865.545,"endTime":868.965,"body":"kids talk to them ahead of time"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":865.545,"endTime":868.965,"body":"about this is what we're going"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":868.965,"endTime":871.95,"body":"to do. That's true for severe"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":868.965,"endTime":871.95,"body":"weather or for hurricanes, which"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":871.95,"endTime":874.95,"body":"are a little longer, ahead of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":871.95,"endTime":874.95,"body":"time. You can't just tell them"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":874.95,"endTime":877.47,"body":"at the last minute, you know, we"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":874.95,"endTime":877.47,"body":"need to get in the basement now,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":877.47,"endTime":879.75,"body":"they need to know why. Because"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":877.47,"endTime":879.75,"body":"you don't want the kids to be"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":879.75,"endTime":881.97,"body":"scared. You want them to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":879.75,"endTime":881.97,"body":"understand why you're doing what"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":881.97,"endTime":886.65,"body":"you're doing. So I'd say number"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":881.97,"endTime":886.65,"body":"one is have a plan. Number two"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":886.65,"endTime":890.07,"body":"is make sure you have all your"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":886.65,"endTime":890.07,"body":"documents in order, and you"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":890.13,"endTime":893.154,"body":"probably need to put those in"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":890.13,"endTime":893.154,"body":"multiple places too. You don't"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":893.154,"endTime":894.675,"body":"want to have paper copies at"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":893.154,"endTime":894.675,"body":"home, but maybe put them online"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":894.675,"endTime":898.095,"body":"somewhere, or store them at a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":894.675,"endTime":898.095,"body":"friend's house or something"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":898.095,"endTime":901.935,"body":"that's in a different place. And"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":898.095,"endTime":901.935,"body":"the third is keep watching for"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":901.935,"endTime":905.475,"body":"updates, because things are"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":901.935,"endTime":905.475,"body":"going to change, the path of the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":905.475,"endTime":907.995,"body":"storm is going to change, the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":905.475,"endTime":907.995,"body":"intensity is going to change,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":907.995,"endTime":910.755,"body":"the amount of rain is going to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":907.995,"endTime":910.755,"body":"change, and so you need to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":910.755,"endTime":913.995,"body":"update at regular intervals to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":910.755,"endTime":913.995,"body":"make sure you've got the most"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":913.995,"endTime":915.015,"body":"recent information."},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":915.36,"endTime":917.76,"body":"Something I read"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":915.36,"endTime":917.76,"body":"recently from an academic peer"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":917.76,"endTime":920.64,"body":"at the University of Florida"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":917.76,"endTime":920.64,"body":"said that the best time to"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":920.64,"endTime":924.18,"body":"prepare for a storm is a sunny"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":920.64,"endTime":924.18,"body":"day. And I just really like that"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":924.18,"endTime":928.02,"body":"sentiment, because it's so much"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":924.18,"endTime":928.02,"body":"easier to think clearly through"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":928.02,"endTime":931.32,"body":"all of the things you just"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":928.02,"endTime":931.32,"body":"listed out now, instead of when"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":931.32,"endTime":934.92,"body":"a storm is imminent, or even"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":931.32,"endTime":934.92,"body":"three days out, we can kind of"},{"speaker":"Emily Cabrera","startTime":934.92,"endTime":936.78,"body":"become scrambled and fearful."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":936.84,"endTime":939.0,"body":"When the storm is"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":936.84,"endTime":939.0,"body":"imminent, then you're starting"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":939.0,"endTime":941.76,"body":"to think about, how am I going"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":939.0,"endTime":941.76,"body":"to actually do this. And if you"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":941.76,"endTime":945.48,"body":"already have a list of this"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":941.76,"endTime":945.48,"body":"needs to be done, that stuff, if"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":945.48,"endTime":948.12,"body":"you can identify it ahead of"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":945.48,"endTime":948.12,"body":"time, it's going to save you a"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":948.12,"endTime":951.24,"body":"lot of panic thinking at the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":948.12,"endTime":951.24,"body":"last minute, of trying to deal"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":951.24,"endTime":953.76,"body":"with it and then competing with"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":951.24,"endTime":953.76,"body":"everybody else that hasn't"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":953.76,"endTime":956.7,"body":"thought about it ahead of time."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":953.76,"endTime":956.7,"body":"I think most people think"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":956.7,"endTime":959.34,"body":"better, at least I'm a list"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":956.7,"endTime":959.34,"body":"maker, and so I always want to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":959.34,"endTime":962.505,"body":"have a list of what I need to do"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":959.34,"endTime":962.505,"body":"ahead of time so I don't have to"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":962.505,"endTime":964.845,"body":"worry about it when the time"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":962.505,"endTime":964.845,"body":"comes to actually use it."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":964.845,"endTime":968.085,"body":"Preparedness,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":964.845,"endTime":968.085,"body":"lists, have that plan set in"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":968.085,"endTime":971.505,"body":"place, and like we mentioned, we"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":968.085,"endTime":971.505,"body":"will include so many references"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":971.505,"endTime":974.925,"body":"in the show notes, both on the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":971.505,"endTime":974.925,"body":"Weather Network and the Climate"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":974.925,"endTime":977.685,"body":"Blog. We have a whole residents"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":974.925,"endTime":977.685,"body":"handbook on how to prepare for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":977.685,"endTime":980.505,"body":"those natural hazards in"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":977.685,"endTime":980.505,"body":"Georgia, as well as an entire"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":980.505,"endTime":983.205,"body":"UGA Cooperative Extension"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":980.505,"endTime":983.205,"body":"Weather Emergency Resources"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":983.205,"endTime":986.49,"body":"page, so all of that will be"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":983.205,"endTime":986.49,"body":"linked in the show notes for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":986.49,"endTime":990.69,"body":"residents and farmers in the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":986.49,"endTime":990.69,"body":"state to prepare and be on top"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":990.69,"endTime":993.03,"body":"of it as we enter this hurricane"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":990.69,"endTime":993.03,"body":"season in Georgia."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":993.03,"endTime":995.61,"body":"I think it's important"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":993.03,"endTime":995.61,"body":"to keep in mind too, the first"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":995.61,"endTime":998.07,"body":"people that are going to help"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":995.61,"endTime":998.07,"body":"you are your neighbors. It"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":998.07,"endTime":1000.95,"body":"usually takes at least three"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":998.07,"endTime":1000.95,"body":"days before you get any real"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1000.95,"endTime":1004.01,"body":"government action. As soon as"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1000.95,"endTime":1004.01,"body":"you make sure that your own"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1004.01,"endTime":1007.175,"body":"family is safe and your own farm"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1004.01,"endTime":1007.175,"body":"is safe, you need to think about"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1007.175,"endTime":1009.755,"body":"helping your neighbors too,"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1007.175,"endTime":1009.755,"body":"because that's going to be the"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1009.755,"endTime":1012.755,"body":"first source of help that they"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1009.755,"endTime":1012.755,"body":"are likely to get."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1013.02,"endTime":1015.6,"body":"Look out for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1013.02,"endTime":1015.6,"body":"ourselves, but also look out for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1015.6,"endTime":1018.48,"body":"our communities. And you know,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1015.6,"endTime":1018.48,"body":"you saw that a lot last season,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1018.48,"endTime":1020.64,"body":"with the tropical storms and"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1018.48,"endTime":1020.64,"body":"with the hurricanes of"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1020.64,"endTime":1023.16,"body":"communities coming together, and"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1020.64,"endTime":1023.16,"body":"that's something really"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1023.16,"endTime":1027.06,"body":"important. Well, on that note,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1023.16,"endTime":1027.06,"body":"Pam, we know you are busy this"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1027.06,"endTime":1030.24,"body":"time of year, especially, so we"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1027.06,"endTime":1030.24,"body":"don't want to keep you too long,"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1030.24,"endTime":1032.82,"body":"but we just want to say thank"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1030.24,"endTime":1032.82,"body":"you for coming in and taking the"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1032.82,"endTime":1036.165,"body":"time to talk to us about this"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1032.82,"endTime":1036.165,"body":"incredibly important topic. It's"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1036.165,"endTime":1038.805,"body":"something that we hear a lot"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1036.165,"endTime":1038.805,"body":"about each season, but I think"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1038.805,"endTime":1041.565,"body":"few people have had a chance to"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1038.805,"endTime":1041.565,"body":"really dive into what exactly it"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1041.565,"endTime":1044.205,"body":"is we're talking about when we"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1041.565,"endTime":1044.205,"body":"talk about tropical storm and"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1044.205,"endTime":1045.945,"body":"hurricane season. So thank you"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1044.205,"endTime":1045.945,"body":"for your time."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1046.005,"endTime":1048.165,"body":"Oh, you're welcome."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1046.005,"endTime":1048.165,"body":"It's good to talk to you when we"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1048.165,"endTime":1050.805,"body":"don't have a hurricane bearing"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1048.165,"endTime":1050.805,"body":"down on us right now, we have"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1050.805,"endTime":1053.145,"body":"time to think about it a little"},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1050.805,"endTime":1053.145,"body":"bit ahead of time."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1053.145,"endTime":1054.885,"body":"Exactly we can"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1053.145,"endTime":1054.885,"body":"even plan this [laughter]."},{"speaker":"Pam Knox","startTime":1054.885,"endTime":1056.445,"body":"Sounds great."},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1056.445,"endTime":1057.285,"body":"Thanks again."},{"speaker":"Sound Effect","startTime":1057.285,"endTime":1057.645,"body":"[music]"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1058.065,"endTime":1059.685,"body":"Thanks for"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1058.065,"endTime":1059.685,"body":"listening to Cultivating"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1059.685,"endTime":1063.75,"body":"Curiosity, a podcast produced by"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1059.685,"endTime":1063.75,"body":"the UGA College of Agricultural"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1063.75,"endTime":1066.69,"body":"and Environmental Sciences. A"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1063.75,"endTime":1066.69,"body":"special thanks to Mason"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1066.69,"endTime":1069.63,"body":"McClintock for our music and"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1066.69,"endTime":1069.63,"body":"sound effects. Find more"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1069.63,"endTime":1071.73,"body":"episodes wherever you get your"},{"speaker":"Jordan Powers","startTime":1069.63,"endTime":1071.73,"body":"podcasts."}]}