{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":0.27,"endTime":2.34,"body":"What is"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":0.27,"endTime":2.34,"body":"Post-Secondary Transition?"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2.76,"endTime":6.33,"body":"Consider the question, what do"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2.76,"endTime":6.33,"body":"you want for your child after"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":6.33,"endTime":10.26,"body":"they leave school? This will"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":6.33,"endTime":10.26,"body":"include research using resources"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":10.26,"endTime":13.86,"body":"and setting goals. It's a lot of"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":10.26,"endTime":13.86,"body":"information, and there's a lot"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":13.86,"endTime":17.58,"body":"to consider. So trying to do it"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":13.86,"endTime":17.58,"body":"all at once can really feel"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":17.58,"endTime":21.69,"body":"consuming. It will be a unique"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":17.58,"endTime":21.69,"body":"experience. But there are other"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":21.69,"endTime":24.12,"body":"families who are going through"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":21.69,"endTime":24.12,"body":"this at the same time you are."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":24.69,"endTime":27.12,"body":"So we're here having"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":24.69,"endTime":27.12,"body":"conversations that will ask"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":27.12,"endTime":30.69,"body":"parents to think long term."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":27.12,"endTime":30.69,"body":"Welcome. This is the Post"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":30.69,"endTime":34.14,"body":"Secondary Transition podcast. We"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":30.69,"endTime":34.14,"body":"have conversations around the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":34.14,"endTime":37.47,"body":"process for families of students"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":34.14,"endTime":37.47,"body":"with disabilities. I'm one of"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":37.47,"endTime":39.87,"body":"the hosts My name is Meghan"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":37.47,"endTime":39.87,"body":"Smallwood, and I'm a public"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":39.87,"endTime":42.75,"body":"school transition coordinator."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":39.87,"endTime":42.75,"body":"And my co host is?"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":42.81,"endTime":45.24,"body":"I'm Patrick"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":42.81,"endTime":45.24,"body":"Cadigan. I am a public school"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":45.27,"endTime":50.22,"body":"special education teacher. And"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":45.27,"endTime":50.22,"body":"today we get to jump back into"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":50.22,"endTime":54.21,"body":"our interview format. Ms."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":50.22,"endTime":54.21,"body":"Meghan, do you want to set us"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":54.21,"endTime":54.54,"body":"up?"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":54.6,"endTime":57.36,"body":"Sure thing."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":54.6,"endTime":57.36,"body":"All right. Well, today we are"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":57.39,"endTime":62.13,"body":"with Laura Karp, who is a public"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":57.39,"endTime":62.13,"body":"day school Occupational"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":62.13,"endTime":65.58,"body":"Therapist, and we are fortunate"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":62.13,"endTime":65.58,"body":"to have her to talk about some"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":65.58,"endTime":69.78,"body":"of those functional IEP goals"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":65.58,"endTime":69.78,"body":"that I'm sure you as parents"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":69.9,"endTime":73.11,"body":"have heard about many times in"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":69.9,"endTime":73.11,"body":"an IEP meeting. But thank you,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":73.11,"endTime":74.37,"body":"Laura, for joining us."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":74.67,"endTime":76.11,"body":"Of course. Thanks"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":74.67,"endTime":76.11,"body":"for having me."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":76.29,"endTime":78.09,"body":"We'll just"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":76.29,"endTime":78.09,"body":"start by, do you mind telling us"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":78.12,"endTime":80.58,"body":"a little bit about your"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":78.12,"endTime":80.58,"body":"background and how you got into"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":80.58,"endTime":82.17,"body":"being an occupational therapist?"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":82.36,"endTime":86.14,"body":"Yeah, so my name is"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":82.36,"endTime":86.14,"body":"Laura. And as you said, I'm an"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":86.14,"endTime":89.8,"body":"occupational therapist in a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":86.14,"endTime":89.8,"body":"public separate day school in"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":89.8,"endTime":94.78,"body":"Maryland. I first learned about"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":89.8,"endTime":94.78,"body":"occupational therapy when I was"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":94.78,"endTime":98.74,"body":"in elementary school. My school"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":94.78,"endTime":98.74,"body":"had an inclusive preschool"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":98.74,"endTime":102.85,"body":"program. And one day a lady came"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":98.74,"endTime":102.85,"body":"in to play with kids, she had a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":102.85,"endTime":106.09,"body":"trampoline in one hand and a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":102.85,"endTime":106.09,"body":"bucket of playdough in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":106.09,"endTime":109.63,"body":"other. And I thought to myself,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":106.09,"endTime":109.63,"body":"Wow, that lady gets to play all"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":109.63,"endTime":113.98,"body":"day, I want her. When I was in"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":109.63,"endTime":113.98,"body":"high school, I started a Best"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":113.98,"endTime":117.58,"body":"Buddies chapter, and ended up"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":113.98,"endTime":117.58,"body":"volunteering in that same"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":118.03,"endTime":122.62,"body":"special ed preschool classroom"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":118.03,"endTime":122.62,"body":"where I first saw the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":122.71,"endTime":126.91,"body":"occupational therapist. And then"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":122.71,"endTime":126.91,"body":"after college, I taught high"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":126.91,"endTime":130.99,"body":"school biology for a couple"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":126.91,"endTime":130.99,"body":"years and then went to grad"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":130.99,"endTime":136.66,"body":"school to become an occupational"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":130.99,"endTime":136.66,"body":"therapist or OT. And for the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":136.66,"endTime":140.71,"body":"last two decades, I've been"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":136.66,"endTime":140.71,"body":"directing summer camps and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":140.71,"endTime":143.86,"body":"overnight life skills programs"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":140.71,"endTime":143.86,"body":"for people with disabilities,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":144.13,"endTime":149.32,"body":"and have been really interested"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":144.13,"endTime":149.32,"body":"in kind of the process of as"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":149.32,"endTime":153.49,"body":"they age out of school. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":149.32,"endTime":153.49,"body":"several years ago, I went back"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":153.49,"endTime":156.91,"body":"to school for my doctorate and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":153.49,"endTime":156.91,"body":"wrote my dissertation on that"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":156.91,"endTime":161.05,"body":"transition into adulthood for"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":156.91,"endTime":161.05,"body":"young adults with disabilities"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":161.92,"endTime":163.54,"body":"Comment in"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":161.92,"endTime":163.54,"body":"about the last summer piece,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":163.57,"endTime":164.2,"body":"what's this?"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":164.47,"endTime":169.99,"body":"Oh, um, last summer,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":164.47,"endTime":169.99,"body":"I became a master IEP coach,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":169.99,"endTime":174.22,"body":"after completing a course by"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":169.99,"endTime":174.22,"body":"Katherine Witcher. She has 25"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":174.25,"endTime":178.54,"body":"years of IEP experience. And"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":174.25,"endTime":178.54,"body":"part of the course was really"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":178.96,"endTime":188.02,"body":"like re-looking at IDEA law, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":178.96,"endTime":188.02,"body":"rethinking how we look at and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":188.02,"endTime":193.93,"body":"how we implement IEPs. So some"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":188.02,"endTime":193.93,"body":"of the most important things"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":193.93,"endTime":198.04,"body":"that I learned from that course"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":193.93,"endTime":198.04,"body":"are that an IEP should always be"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":198.04,"endTime":202.06,"body":"focused on preparing the child"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":198.04,"endTime":202.06,"body":"for further education,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":202.06,"endTime":206.32,"body":"employment and independent"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":202.06,"endTime":206.32,"body":"living. And that we should think"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":206.32,"endTime":211.09,"body":"about tossing out old fashioned"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":206.32,"endTime":211.09,"body":"IEP goals that don't make sense"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":211.09,"endTime":215.35,"body":"for a child's future. And the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":211.09,"endTime":215.35,"body":"third lesson was that effective"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":215.35,"endTime":219.13,"body":"IEPs don't have more things,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":215.35,"endTime":219.13,"body":"they have the right things. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":219.13,"endTime":223.42,"body":"I'm often in meetings where a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":219.13,"endTime":223.42,"body":"child has 10 different goals,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":223.42,"endTime":227.08,"body":"and I can't, I can't even"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":223.42,"endTime":227.08,"body":"imagine going into work and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":227.08,"endTime":232.0,"body":"being expected, you know, to do"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":227.08,"endTime":232.0,"body":"30 or 40 different tasks,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":232.75,"endTime":236.89,"body":"especially if they don't have"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":232.75,"endTime":236.89,"body":"meaning or purpose to me, as a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":236.89,"endTime":237.37,"body":"student."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":237.99,"endTime":241.14,"body":"I can totally"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":237.99,"endTime":241.14,"body":"think of a student I had in"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":241.14,"endTime":243.75,"body":"eighth grade, my top middle"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":241.14,"endTime":243.75,"body":"school getting ready to go to"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":243.75,"endTime":246.15,"body":"high school, and the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":243.75,"endTime":246.15,"body":"transitional high school"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":246.15,"endTime":250.5,"body":"meeting, the mom was so nervous"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":246.15,"endTime":250.5,"body":"about what he was going to need"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":250.5,"endTime":254.19,"body":"to accomplish in high school."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":250.5,"endTime":254.19,"body":"They had at least 20 math"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":254.19,"endTime":257.25,"body":"objectives, no joke, like, and I"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":254.19,"endTime":257.25,"body":"remember looking at it thinking,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":257.52,"endTime":260.13,"body":"\"Oh, my goodness, like how are"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":257.52,"endTime":260.13,"body":"they going to tackle all this?\""},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":260.13,"endTime":265.26,"body":"But there was the mom was just"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":260.13,"endTime":265.26,"body":"so focused on more, more, more"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":265.26,"endTime":269.07,"body":"means it's a better IEP, right,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":265.26,"endTime":269.07,"body":"but it wasn't and it was it was"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":269.07,"endTime":271.8,"body":"tied to the curriculum, which"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":269.07,"endTime":271.8,"body":"you know, we great, we want that"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":271.98,"endTime":276.57,"body":"exploration and exposure, but in"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":271.98,"endTime":276.57,"body":"retrospect it would have been"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":276.57,"endTime":279.54,"body":"great to have more of those"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":276.57,"endTime":279.54,"body":"functional goals on there"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":279.54,"endTime":280.08,"body":"instead."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":280.56,"endTime":284.04,"body":"Yes, I think it's a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":280.56,"endTime":284.04,"body":"common misconception that more"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":284.07,"endTime":290.67,"body":"is better, when in reality,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":284.07,"endTime":290.67,"body":"there's a limited time in which"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":290.67,"endTime":294.87,"body":"these goals can be targeted. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":290.67,"endTime":294.87,"body":"the more goals and the more"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":295.05,"endTime":299.19,"body":"objectives the less time the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":295.05,"endTime":299.19,"body":"student has to practice each"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":299.19,"endTime":299.52,"body":"one."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":299.94,"endTime":303.99,"body":"I am sensing a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":299.94,"endTime":303.99,"body":"whole can of worms with that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":303.99,"endTime":307.98,"body":"type of discussion. However,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":303.99,"endTime":307.98,"body":"however, before we dive into"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":307.98,"endTime":310.59,"body":"that discussion, one of the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":307.98,"endTime":310.59,"body":"things that I think would be"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":310.59,"endTime":314.4,"body":"really helpful, Laura is, okay,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":310.59,"endTime":314.4,"body":"obviously, you're passionate"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":314.43,"endTime":319.08,"body":"about functional goals. But for"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":314.43,"endTime":319.08,"body":"those who are uninitiated, how"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":319.08,"endTime":322.83,"body":"would you define functional"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":319.08,"endTime":322.83,"body":"goals for an IEP?"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":323.4,"endTime":327.12,"body":"To me a functional"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":323.4,"endTime":327.12,"body":"goal targets a skill that is"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":327.6,"endTime":333.45,"body":"useful and practical outside the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":327.6,"endTime":333.45,"body":"four walls of a classroom. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":333.45,"endTime":337.35,"body":"for instance, I consider knowing"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":333.45,"endTime":337.35,"body":"what to wear when it's snowing"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":337.35,"endTime":343.2,"body":"outside, how to prepare a simple"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":337.35,"endTime":343.2,"body":"meal, when you're hungry, or"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":343.2,"endTime":347.94,"body":"what various science in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":343.2,"endTime":347.94,"body":"community mean to be functional"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":347.97,"endTime":353.37,"body":"goals, because all students will"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":347.97,"endTime":353.37,"body":"need to use these skills once"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":353.37,"endTime":354.66,"body":"they leave school."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":355.92,"endTime":359.01,"body":"So then, in"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":355.92,"endTime":359.01,"body":"that regard, why are these"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":359.01,"endTime":362.61,"body":"functional goals so important to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":359.01,"endTime":362.61,"body":"have on an IEP?"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":362.91,"endTime":368.7,"body":"So research shows us"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":362.91,"endTime":368.7,"body":"that transition age youth, so"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":368.94,"endTime":376.17,"body":"people with disabilities from"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":368.94,"endTime":376.17,"body":"ages 12 to 24, are falling far"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":376.17,"endTime":380.7,"body":"behind their same age peers,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":376.17,"endTime":380.7,"body":"when it comes to post secondary"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":380.7,"endTime":387.66,"body":"education, employment, and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":380.7,"endTime":387.66,"body":"independent living. Focusing on"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":387.75,"endTime":390.99,"body":"interpersonal skills, so those"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":387.75,"endTime":390.99,"body":"communication skills, those"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":390.99,"endTime":394.86,"body":"social skills and functional"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":390.99,"endTime":394.86,"body":"life skills early on in a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":394.86,"endTime":398.91,"body":"student's educational career can"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":394.86,"endTime":398.91,"body":"lead to more successful"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":398.91,"endTime":400.32,"body":"transition outcomes."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":400.75,"endTime":402.28,"body":"It's"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":400.75,"endTime":402.28,"body":"interesting to hear you say that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":402.28,"endTime":405.94,"body":"talking about interpersonal and"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":402.28,"endTime":405.94,"body":"functional skills, there is a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":405.94,"endTime":412.0,"body":"student that I am working with,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":405.94,"endTime":412.0,"body":"and very recently, we there were"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":412.0,"endTime":415.99,"body":"some struggles around him"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":412.0,"endTime":415.99,"body":"focusing on his computer. And it"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":415.99,"endTime":418.84,"body":"had actually gotten to the point"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":415.99,"endTime":418.84,"body":"where I consulted with the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":418.84,"endTime":421.96,"body":"family. And I said, \"Look, I'm"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":418.84,"endTime":421.96,"body":"really thinking that the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":421.96,"endTime":427.24,"body":"computer needs to take a hike.\""},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":421.96,"endTime":427.24,"body":"And they agreed, and you know,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":427.24,"endTime":431.17,"body":"kind of like in an interim"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":427.24,"endTime":431.17,"body":"capacity. And I will tell you"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":431.17,"endTime":435.1,"body":"that the team made that decision"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":431.17,"endTime":435.1,"body":"on a Friday and I was really"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":435.31,"endTime":438.34,"body":"nervous about it. I lost sleep"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":435.31,"endTime":438.34,"body":"over the weekend, because I just"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":438.34,"endTime":440.92,"body":"had no idea what was going to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":438.34,"endTime":440.92,"body":"happen. And we've been going on"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":440.92,"endTime":442.9,"body":"a couple of weeks now. And I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":440.92,"endTime":442.9,"body":"will tell you that this student"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":442.9,"endTime":446.05,"body":"has blossomed inter-personally,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":442.9,"endTime":446.05,"body":"I've had teachers that I know"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":446.05,"endTime":450.07,"body":"come to me and be like, \"Oh, my"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":446.05,"endTime":450.07,"body":"gosh, said student said Hi to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":450.07,"endTime":454.87,"body":"me.\" I'm like, okay, yeah, I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":450.07,"endTime":454.87,"body":"mean, again, this is a student"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":454.87,"endTime":459.88,"body":"who historically not"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":454.87,"endTime":459.88,"body":"communicated very well. So it's,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":459.94,"endTime":465.4,"body":"again, it is very precient to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":459.94,"endTime":465.4,"body":"hear about functional goals and"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":465.4,"endTime":470.08,"body":"those interpersonal skills"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":465.4,"endTime":470.08,"body":"because, yeah, it's it's become"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":470.08,"endTime":473.56,"body":"forefront to me, probably this"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":470.08,"endTime":473.56,"body":"school year more than any other"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":473.56,"endTime":474.31,"body":"up to this point."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":474.839,"endTime":476.309,"body":"Well, I think"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":474.839,"endTime":476.309,"body":"you really hit the nail on the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":476.309,"endTime":480.479,"body":"head, it's a partnership between"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":476.309,"endTime":480.479,"body":"the family and the buy up team"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":480.509,"endTime":483.599,"body":"in the school, right? I mean,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":480.509,"endTime":483.599,"body":"there's a lot of families that I"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":483.599,"endTime":487.019,"body":"work with that I feel like they"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":483.599,"endTime":487.019,"body":"want to push off a lot of the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":487.019,"endTime":489.959,"body":"functional, like, let me give"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":487.019,"endTime":489.959,"body":"them their four years in high"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":489.959,"endTime":493.199,"body":"school first, and then we'll"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":489.959,"endTime":493.199,"body":"talk about it. And there's a lot"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":493.199,"endTime":495.119,"body":"of questions, well, why do they"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":493.199,"endTime":495.119,"body":"need to worry about this so"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":495.119,"endTime":500.369,"body":"early, you know, when their same"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":495.119,"endTime":500.369,"body":"age peers are just focused on"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":500.399,"endTime":504.299,"body":"other things. So I think it's"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":500.399,"endTime":504.299,"body":"just that conversation, it's a"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":504.299,"endTime":508.169,"body":"hard conversation to to have,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":504.299,"endTime":508.169,"body":"but it's an important one needs"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":508.169,"endTime":508.709,"body":"to happen."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":509.41,"endTime":513.52,"body":"I was gonna say it's"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":509.41,"endTime":513.52,"body":"hard to because neurotypical"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":513.61,"endTime":519.79,"body":"peers are getting a lot of"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":513.61,"endTime":519.79,"body":"practice opportunities with the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":519.82,"endTime":523.57,"body":"functional skills, you know, a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":519.82,"endTime":523.57,"body":"lot of high school students have"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":523.57,"endTime":528.7,"body":"a part time job or, you know, do"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":523.57,"endTime":528.7,"body":"chores around the house might be"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":528.7,"endTime":534.73,"body":"responsible for younger"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":528.7,"endTime":534.73,"body":"siblings. So there might be"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":534.73,"endTime":538.0,"body":"trusted to go out in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":534.73,"endTime":538.0,"body":"community, go to shopping mall"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":538.0,"endTime":541.66,"body":"and buy things, go grocery"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":538.0,"endTime":541.66,"body":"shopping. And not all students"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":541.66,"endTime":547.72,"body":"with IEPs get those same"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":541.66,"endTime":547.72,"body":"opportunities to practice those"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":547.72,"endTime":553.36,"body":"life skills in a very, like,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":547.72,"endTime":553.36,"body":"practical setting where, you"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":553.36,"endTime":557.98,"body":"know, it's not on purpose,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":553.36,"endTime":557.98,"body":"necessarily, but I think, you"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":557.98,"endTime":561.22,"body":"know, most parents and families"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":557.98,"endTime":561.22,"body":"alike want to prepare their"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":561.4,"endTime":566.35,"body":"children for the future. And so"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":561.4,"endTime":566.35,"body":"for many students, it's embedded"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":566.53,"endTime":570.67,"body":"for students with IEPs, we"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":566.53,"endTime":570.67,"body":"sometimes forget that, you know,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":570.67,"endTime":573.37,"body":"those life skills are incredibly"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":570.67,"endTime":573.37,"body":"important."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":573.49,"endTime":574.93,"body":"Yeah, totally"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":573.49,"endTime":574.93,"body":"agree."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":575.26,"endTime":577.81,"body":"Well, okay. So"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":575.26,"endTime":577.81,"body":"as we're continuing to lay the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":577.81,"endTime":581.05,"body":"foundation for these functional"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":577.81,"endTime":581.05,"body":"goals that we're talking about,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":581.05,"endTime":585.37,"body":"could you start with as I'm"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":581.05,"endTime":585.37,"body":"listening to you talk, I'm going"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":585.37,"endTime":588.28,"body":"to a whole host of other"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":585.37,"endTime":588.28,"body":"questions that I have, but I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":588.28,"endTime":591.34,"body":"want to make sure that we're"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":588.28,"endTime":591.34,"body":"very clear about what it is that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":591.34,"endTime":595.78,"body":"we're doing. So could you give"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":591.34,"endTime":595.78,"body":"us some examples of functional"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":595.78,"endTime":597.16,"body":"goals in different areas?"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":597.3,"endTime":600.99,"body":"Of course. One thing"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":597.3,"endTime":600.99,"body":"that I see in IEPs is there are"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":600.99,"endTime":604.56,"body":"many middle and high school"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":600.99,"endTime":604.56,"body":"students with reading and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":604.56,"endTime":609.63,"body":"writing IEP goals for skills"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":604.56,"endTime":609.63,"body":"like identifying the main idea"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":609.66,"endTime":614.67,"body":"characters or setting and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":609.66,"endTime":614.67,"body":"developing a paragraph. These"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":614.67,"endTime":618.06,"body":"are often skills that students"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":614.67,"endTime":618.06,"body":"have been working on since"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":618.06,"endTime":622.2,"body":"elementary school. Functional"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":618.06,"endTime":622.2,"body":"IEP goals, on the other hand,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":622.59,"endTime":627.18,"body":"tie mastered academic concepts"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":622.59,"endTime":627.18,"body":"and students strengths into"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":627.18,"endTime":630.57,"body":"skills that will help them in"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":627.18,"endTime":630.57,"body":"the future. For instance,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":630.78,"endTime":635.07,"body":"functional reading goals might"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":630.78,"endTime":635.07,"body":"include reading a calendar, a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":635.07,"endTime":640.2,"body":"schedule, or a weather forecast"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":635.07,"endTime":640.2,"body":"to gain needed information, like"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":640.26,"endTime":643.86,"body":"what to wear that day, or what"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":640.26,"endTime":643.86,"body":"to pack in your backpack. And"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":643.86,"endTime":647.85,"body":"functional writing goals would"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":643.86,"endTime":647.85,"body":"include things like making a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":647.85,"endTime":653.16,"body":"grocery list, filling out forms"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":647.85,"endTime":653.16,"body":"or taking inventory. Similarly,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":653.16,"endTime":657.3,"body":"with math, a lot of students"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":653.16,"endTime":657.3,"body":"have IEP goals for calculation,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":657.69,"endTime":661.98,"body":"addition, subtraction,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":657.69,"endTime":661.98,"body":"multiplication, division, or"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":661.98,"endTime":667.14,"body":"identifying coins and bills, I"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":661.98,"endTime":667.14,"body":"was recently at an IEP for a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":667.14,"endTime":671.94,"body":"student who had objectives like"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":667.14,"endTime":671.94,"body":"that, and the parent pointed"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":671.94,"endTime":677.7,"body":"out, but we, my daughter doesn't"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":671.94,"endTime":677.7,"body":"know that, you know, five is"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":677.7,"endTime":682.71,"body":"bigger than one that you know, a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":677.7,"endTime":682.71,"body":"$5 bill is, is worth more than a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":682.71,"endTime":687.99,"body":"one. So while these math and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":682.71,"endTime":687.99,"body":"calculation skills are"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":687.99,"endTime":691.65,"body":"important, tying them into an"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":687.99,"endTime":691.65,"body":"area of interest, so for the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":691.65,"endTime":695.61,"body":"Student It was shopping, or"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":691.65,"endTime":695.61,"body":"other interests, like cooking or"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":695.61,"endTime":699.33,"body":"leaving a tip at a restaurant"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":695.61,"endTime":699.33,"body":"can add meaning and engagement"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":699.33,"endTime":703.2,"body":"for students, while also helping"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":699.33,"endTime":703.2,"body":"them to prepare for the future."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":703.74,"endTime":705.87,"body":"Yeah and I"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":703.74,"endTime":705.87,"body":"love giving out the the parent"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":705.87,"endTime":710.19,"body":"questionnaire every year for to"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":705.87,"endTime":710.19,"body":"kind of gauge like, what kind of"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":710.19,"endTime":713.76,"body":"chores are they helping out with"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":710.19,"endTime":713.76,"body":"at home? You know, what are"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":713.76,"endTime":716.07,"body":"their interests? And then I"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":713.76,"endTime":716.07,"body":"always use that like as a"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":716.07,"endTime":718.71,"body":"jumping off point, like, oh, you"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":716.07,"endTime":718.71,"body":"said that they load the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":718.71,"endTime":722.28,"body":"dishwasher? Can they unload the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":718.71,"endTime":722.28,"body":"dishwasher or laundry. Laundry's"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":722.31,"endTime":725.52,"body":"a huge one! Like, you know,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":722.31,"endTime":725.52,"body":"okay, they can put the stuff in"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":725.52,"endTime":728.1,"body":"the machine, but you have them"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":725.52,"endTime":728.1,"body":"transfer it? Can they match it?"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":728.1,"endTime":730.65,"body":"Like there's so many skills, and"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":728.1,"endTime":730.65,"body":"that's something like that's a"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":730.65,"endTime":734.4,"body":"multi-step, you know, task, like"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":730.65,"endTime":734.4,"body":"there's so many ways to tie it"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":734.4,"endTime":737.58,"body":"back to the IEP, so that it's"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":734.4,"endTime":737.58,"body":"something that will carry on"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":737.58,"endTime":738.93,"body":"with them and is meaningful."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":739.32,"endTime":742.65,"body":"So then how do"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":739.32,"endTime":742.65,"body":"you know what subject areas to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":742.65,"endTime":746.49,"body":"write goals for? Who, who helps"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":742.65,"endTime":746.49,"body":"with that type of input?"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":746.64,"endTime":750.03,"body":"So I think Meghan"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":746.64,"endTime":750.03,"body":"just said it best, the best way"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":750.03,"endTime":755.85,"body":"to determine those areas is by"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":750.03,"endTime":755.85,"body":"seeking input from the student,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":756.06,"endTime":760.98,"body":"from the family and from the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":756.06,"endTime":760.98,"body":"transition coordinator. The IEP"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":760.98,"endTime":764.73,"body":"team should be asking, what are"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":760.98,"endTime":764.73,"body":"the student's strengths? What"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":764.73,"endTime":769.77,"body":"are their preferences? What did"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":764.73,"endTime":769.77,"body":"they like to do? And what are"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":769.77,"endTime":774.9,"body":"the students and families goal"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":769.77,"endTime":774.9,"body":"for the future? So in my county,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":775.83,"endTime":781.95,"body":"the two areas of the IEP that"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":775.83,"endTime":781.95,"body":"may assist with these questions"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":782.16,"endTime":785.76,"body":"are like the present levels and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":782.16,"endTime":785.76,"body":"the transition planning pages."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":785.91,"endTime":789.48,"body":"So I find those to be a great"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":785.91,"endTime":789.48,"body":"resource and starting point when"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":789.48,"endTime":794.19,"body":"developing new goals or"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":789.48,"endTime":794.19,"body":"determining other areas."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":795.17,"endTime":797.06,"body":"Yeah, I think"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":795.17,"endTime":797.06,"body":"that's a good point, like"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":797.09,"endTime":800.12,"body":"talking to the family and the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":797.09,"endTime":800.12,"body":"student of what their goal is,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":800.12,"endTime":804.47,"body":"because a lot of times we kind"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":800.12,"endTime":804.47,"body":"of assume they all want the same"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":804.47,"endTime":809.6,"body":"thing after 21. You know, like,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":804.47,"endTime":809.6,"body":"I know, for my one school, or"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":809.63,"endTime":812.75,"body":"they're all going to be"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":809.63,"endTime":812.75,"body":"employed, but that's if you talk"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":812.75,"endTime":815.93,"body":"to the family, that might not be"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":812.75,"endTime":815.93,"body":"what they're hoping for. So I"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":815.93,"endTime":820.88,"body":"think that kind of ties into"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":815.93,"endTime":820.88,"body":"another question that I had; how"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":820.88,"endTime":825.2,"body":"would you communicate functional"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":820.88,"endTime":825.2,"body":"goals to those families who are"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":825.2,"endTime":826.91,"body":"focused more on academics?"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":827.67,"endTime":831.36,"body":"This piece is really"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":827.67,"endTime":831.36,"body":"tricky. Personally, I think we"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":831.36,"endTime":835.02,"body":"do a disservice to students and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":831.36,"endTime":835.02,"body":"families by not bringing up the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":835.02,"endTime":839.1,"body":"topic of transition and pushing"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":835.02,"endTime":839.1,"body":"for functional goals earlier in"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":839.1,"endTime":844.44,"body":"a student's academic career."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":839.1,"endTime":844.44,"body":"Current research shows that less"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":844.44,"endTime":850.2,"body":"than one in five, less than 20%"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":844.44,"endTime":850.2,"body":"of people with disabilities are"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":850.2,"endTime":856.53,"body":"employed, and less than 25%, or"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":850.2,"endTime":856.53,"body":"one in four people with"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":856.53,"endTime":860.19,"body":"disabilities live on their own."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":856.53,"endTime":860.19,"body":"So to me what these statistics"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":860.19,"endTime":864.84,"body":"mean is that our education"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":860.19,"endTime":864.84,"body":"system is not adequately"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":864.84,"endTime":869.31,"body":"preparing children with"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":864.84,"endTime":869.31,"body":"disabilities for that transition"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":869.34,"endTime":873.81,"body":"to adulthood. And when a parent"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":869.34,"endTime":873.81,"body":"or teacher is focused solely on"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":873.81,"endTime":877.56,"body":"academics, I try really hard to"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":873.81,"endTime":877.56,"body":"hone in on the student's"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":877.56,"endTime":882.09,"body":"strengths, preferences and goals"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":877.56,"endTime":882.09,"body":"for the future, and guide the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":882.09,"endTime":887.16,"body":"IEP team towards embedding goals"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":882.09,"endTime":887.16,"body":"that are both meaningful and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":887.16,"endTime":891.12,"body":"functional for the student."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":887.16,"endTime":891.12,"body":"Sometimes families aren't ready,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":891.21,"endTime":896.28,"body":"and that's okay. But as members"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":891.21,"endTime":896.28,"body":"of an IEP team, I think it's"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":896.37,"endTime":900.21,"body":"really important to remind"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":896.37,"endTime":900.21,"body":"families of how many more For"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":900.21,"endTime":904.35,"body":"years of special education and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":900.21,"endTime":904.35,"body":"related services, the student"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":904.35,"endTime":909.9,"body":"has that unfortunately, many of"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":904.35,"endTime":909.9,"body":"those services drop off after"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":909.9,"endTime":915.0,"body":"graduation, and the number of"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":909.9,"endTime":915.0,"body":"young adults with disabilities"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":915.0,"endTime":921.18,"body":"that end up sitting at home with"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":915.0,"endTime":921.18,"body":"nothing to do. So, I think, you"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":921.18,"endTime":925.47,"body":"know, the reality is"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":921.18,"endTime":925.47,"body":"heartbreaking for many, and it"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":925.5,"endTime":930.06,"body":"makes sense that people aren't"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":925.5,"endTime":930.06,"body":"ready to see it or acknowledge"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":930.06,"endTime":933.78,"body":"it. But as a member of an IEP"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":930.06,"endTime":933.78,"body":"team, I do feel that it's"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":933.78,"endTime":939.45,"body":"important to always advocate for"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":933.78,"endTime":939.45,"body":"IEP goals that will help to best"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":939.45,"endTime":941.43,"body":"prepare our students for the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":939.45,"endTime":941.43,"body":"future."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":941.0,"endTime":943.4,"body":"It is"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":941.0,"endTime":943.4,"body":"interesting to hear you talk"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":943.4,"endTime":947.93,"body":"about this because I am the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":943.4,"endTime":947.93,"body":"eighth grade teacher. So for my"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":947.93,"endTime":950.54,"body":"students this year transition"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":947.93,"endTime":950.54,"body":"has started. And then of course,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":950.66,"endTime":953.72,"body":"in our county, we're making the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":950.66,"endTime":953.72,"body":"bigger push towards focusing"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":953.72,"endTime":957.83,"body":"more on the transition piece"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":953.72,"endTime":957.83,"body":"within the IEP. So this year was"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":957.83,"endTime":960.5,"body":"the first year and then of"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":957.83,"endTime":960.5,"body":"course, you know, playing off of"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":960.5,"endTime":963.71,"body":"what we're doing with all these"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":960.5,"endTime":963.71,"body":"different conversations and the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":963.71,"endTime":969.56,"body":"websites that we've done to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":963.71,"endTime":969.56,"body":"wanting to be in the forefront"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":969.74,"endTime":973.79,"body":"of having that discussion. But"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":969.74,"endTime":973.79,"body":"just going through it and kind"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":973.79,"endTime":976.64,"body":"of like, as I'm hearing you"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":973.79,"endTime":976.64,"body":"talk, I'm like, hey, you know,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":976.64,"endTime":982.31,"body":"what, this year, when I sat down"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":976.64,"endTime":982.31,"body":"and did my student interviews,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":982.34,"endTime":986.06,"body":"and when I did my career"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":982.34,"endTime":986.06,"body":"preference interest forms, and"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":986.06,"endTime":988.73,"body":"making sure to reach out to the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":986.06,"endTime":988.73,"body":"families and then asking them"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":988.73,"endTime":992.06,"body":"what they thought. And then when"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":988.73,"endTime":992.06,"body":"it came to writing those present"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":992.06,"endTime":996.68,"body":"levels, like kind of weaving it"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":992.06,"endTime":996.68,"body":"all in and making it somewhat of"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":996.68,"endTime":1000.82,"body":"a narrative. And, you know, it"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":996.68,"endTime":1000.82,"body":"seemed to me to be a really good"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1000.82,"endTime":1001.63,"body":"idea, but..."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1001.75,"endTime":1004.33,"body":"No, I agree,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1001.75,"endTime":1004.33,"body":"though, I think, you know, it's"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1004.33,"endTime":1008.47,"body":"so important. And I know, it's"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1004.33,"endTime":1008.47,"body":"hard when it's the younger age,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1008.5,"endTime":1011.44,"body":"they might not be ready, but I"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1008.5,"endTime":1011.44,"body":"think we just have to keep"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1011.44,"endTime":1016.69,"body":"exposing it and every family, it"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1011.44,"endTime":1016.69,"body":"clicks for them at different"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1016.69,"endTime":1021.52,"body":"times. So I think just as long"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1016.69,"endTime":1021.52,"body":"as all members of the team and"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1021.94,"endTime":1025.75,"body":"you know, everyone involved is"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1021.94,"endTime":1025.75,"body":"expressing the importance of it"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1025.75,"endTime":1029.08,"body":"and coming from different"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1025.75,"endTime":1029.08,"body":"perspectives on how it'll help."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1029.62,"endTime":1033.16,"body":"Ultimately, the family will,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1029.62,"endTime":1033.16,"body":"we'll see it before hopefully"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1033.16,"endTime":1036.13,"body":"not too late before the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1033.16,"endTime":1036.13,"body":"graduate. But you're right, the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1036.13,"endTime":1039.61,"body":"time is so limited, it's better"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1036.13,"endTime":1039.61,"body":"to work on an hour they can. So"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1039.61,"endTime":1043.39,"body":"that kind of goes into my next"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1039.61,"endTime":1043.39,"body":"question, how can the functional"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1043.39,"endTime":1046.33,"body":"goals help to prepare our"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1043.39,"endTime":1046.33,"body":"students for transition? Why are"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1046.33,"endTime":1048.97,"body":"they what are they going to do"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1046.33,"endTime":1048.97,"body":"to help us?"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1050.45,"endTime":1053.45,"body":"So functional goals"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1050.45,"endTime":1053.45,"body":"can help prepare students for"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1053.45,"endTime":1058.1,"body":"transition by focusing on skills"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1053.45,"endTime":1058.1,"body":"that students will need once as"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1058.1,"endTime":1061.7,"body":"you guys say, the school bus"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1058.1,"endTime":1061.7,"body":"stops coming, every student is"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1061.7,"endTime":1066.26,"body":"different, and their strengths"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1061.7,"endTime":1066.26,"body":"and their needs vary widely. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1066.26,"endTime":1071.51,"body":"this might look different for"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1066.26,"endTime":1071.51,"body":"every single student, like on"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1071.51,"endTime":1075.8,"body":"someone's caseload, but outside"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1071.51,"endTime":1075.8,"body":"of academics. So outside of the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1075.8,"endTime":1081.38,"body":"reading, writing and math"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1075.8,"endTime":1081.38,"body":"related functional goals I spoke"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1081.38,"endTime":1085.91,"body":"about earlier, functional IEP"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1081.38,"endTime":1085.91,"body":"goals can be included in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1085.91,"endTime":1089.81,"body":"area of independent community"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1085.91,"endTime":1089.81,"body":"living. And so these types of"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1089.81,"endTime":1097.37,"body":"goals can be based on the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1089.81,"endTime":1097.37,"body":"community on work, or recreation"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1097.37,"endTime":1102.68,"body":"and leisure skills. For example,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1097.37,"endTime":1102.68,"body":"if the family wants to"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1102.68,"endTime":1108.29,"body":"prioritize community safety,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1102.68,"endTime":1108.29,"body":"cleaning, tidying, organizing,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1108.32,"endTime":1113.9,"body":"or making a meal, this type of"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1108.32,"endTime":1113.9,"body":"functional IEP goal would be"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1113.93,"endTime":1119.0,"body":"most appropriate, and helping to"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1113.93,"endTime":1119.0,"body":"prepare the student for the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1119.0,"endTime":1122.69,"body":"transition from high school to"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1119.0,"endTime":1122.69,"body":"adulthood."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1122.0,"endTime":1125.9,"body":"I will say one"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1122.0,"endTime":1125.9,"body":"thing I've learned over the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1125.9,"endTime":1130.07,"body":"years when we go to visit like"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1125.9,"endTime":1130.07,"body":"day programs, the big one of the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1130.07,"endTime":1135.02,"body":"big things that they really look"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1130.07,"endTime":1135.02,"body":"for our behaviors, you know, do"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1135.02,"endTime":1137.54,"body":"the is there some self"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1135.02,"endTime":1137.54,"body":"regulation strategies for the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1137.54,"endTime":1140.51,"body":"student that they've learned,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1137.54,"endTime":1140.51,"body":"but also the personal hygiene"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1140.51,"endTime":1144.71,"body":"and the safety? So how are they"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1140.51,"endTime":1144.71,"body":"you know, handling all those"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1144.71,"endTime":1147.38,"body":"activities of daily living? And"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1144.71,"endTime":1147.38,"body":"if they take them in the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1147.38,"endTime":1150.26,"body":"community? Are they going to"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1147.38,"endTime":1150.26,"body":"recognize community signs? Are"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1150.26,"endTime":1152.69,"body":"they going to be safe? Well,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1150.26,"endTime":1152.69,"body":"they look both ways before they"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1152.69,"endTime":1155.69,"body":"cross the street. So those"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1152.69,"endTime":1155.69,"body":"functional things are just so"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1155.69,"endTime":1158.96,"body":"embedded in what life could be"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1155.69,"endTime":1158.96,"body":"like if they go to a day program"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1158.96,"endTime":1159.71,"body":"after the fact."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1159.95,"endTime":1165.86,"body":"Right and I think"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1159.95,"endTime":1165.86,"body":"that because many IEPs are so"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1165.86,"endTime":1172.7,"body":"focused on those academic skills"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1165.86,"endTime":1172.7,"body":"of ABCs and one, two threes. We"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1172.7,"endTime":1178.73,"body":"give students who longterm,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1172.7,"endTime":1178.73,"body":"maybe going to a day program, we"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1178.73,"endTime":1185.21,"body":"don't give them the time, the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1178.73,"endTime":1185.21,"body":"opportunities to practice and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1185.21,"endTime":1190.01,"body":"that direct instruction in those"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1185.21,"endTime":1190.01,"body":"community signs and the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1190.04,"endTime":1191.51,"body":"activities of daily living."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1191.87,"endTime":1193.52,"body":"I also feel"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1191.87,"endTime":1193.52,"body":"like and I'm sure you see this"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1193.52,"endTime":1199.79,"body":"too, by doing our jobs so well,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1193.52,"endTime":1199.79,"body":"we're over prompting a lot of"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1199.79,"endTime":1201.62,"body":"the time. times, you know,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1199.79,"endTime":1201.62,"body":"because we want to make sure"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1201.62,"endTime":1204.8,"body":"they get it right. But we don't"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1201.62,"endTime":1204.8,"body":"necessarily give them time for"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1204.8,"endTime":1208.31,"body":"trial and error to make a"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1204.8,"endTime":1208.31,"body":"mistake and learn. So I know"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1208.31,"endTime":1212.51,"body":"it's like this fine line of we"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1208.31,"endTime":1212.51,"body":"want you to do it, but we want"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1212.51,"endTime":1215.42,"body":"you to do it right. And, yeah,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1212.51,"endTime":1215.42,"body":"there's just, there's a lot of"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1215.42,"endTime":1216.23,"body":"pieces to it."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1216.83,"endTime":1219.56,"body":"Again, my brain"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1216.83,"endTime":1219.56,"body":"always kind of goes to that,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1219.8,"endTime":1222.32,"body":"we're talking essentially about"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1219.8,"endTime":1222.32,"body":"two different tracks of"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1222.32,"endTime":1226.07,"body":"students, right? You have"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1222.32,"endTime":1226.07,"body":"students who we know, who are"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1226.07,"endTime":1229.91,"body":"working towards graduating with"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1226.07,"endTime":1229.91,"body":"a diploma, and then those"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1229.91,"endTime":1234.08,"body":"students who are not, and those"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1229.91,"endTime":1234.08,"body":"level of needs can be different."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1234.47,"endTime":1236.9,"body":"And in some cases, like"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1234.47,"endTime":1236.9,"body":"significantly different,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1236.93,"endTime":1241.22,"body":"significantly varying. That is"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1236.93,"endTime":1241.22,"body":"something that I am constantly"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1241.43,"endTime":1245.0,"body":"thinking about. So but again, I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1241.43,"endTime":1245.0,"body":"can appreciate this discussion"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1245.0,"endTime":1248.93,"body":"around having functional goals,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1245.0,"endTime":1248.93,"body":"because, again, there are"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1248.93,"endTime":1252.44,"body":"students who I'm working with a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1248.93,"endTime":1252.44,"body":"genuinely struggle to have"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1252.44,"endTime":1255.35,"body":"interpersonal relationships or"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1252.44,"endTime":1255.35,"body":"interpersonal communication, or"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1255.38,"endTime":1256.4,"body":"you know, just things like that."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1256.67,"endTime":1259.43,"body":"Yeah, that's"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1256.67,"endTime":1259.43,"body":"also very hard to I know,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1259.49,"endTime":1261.71,"body":"because Laura, I know you're at"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1259.49,"endTime":1261.71,"body":"a comprehensive school, and"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1261.71,"endTime":1265.7,"body":"you're at the separate day"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1261.71,"endTime":1265.7,"body":"school. So you see a lot of the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1265.7,"endTime":1269.03,"body":"mix. And I know, at my"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1265.7,"endTime":1269.03,"body":"comprehensive school, there's"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1269.03,"endTime":1273.11,"body":"very little time in the day, to"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1269.03,"endTime":1273.11,"body":"focus on these important"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1273.11,"endTime":1275.54,"body":"functional things. And I always"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1273.11,"endTime":1275.54,"body":"had an IEP meeting where we"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1275.54,"endTime":1277.79,"body":"recognize the need for it,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1275.54,"endTime":1277.79,"body":"because you see those glimmers"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1277.79,"endTime":1282.35,"body":"during the day, but the parent,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1277.79,"endTime":1282.35,"body":"many times in situation dive in"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1282.35,"endTime":1285.77,"body":"and kind of dismiss it like oh,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1282.35,"endTime":1285.77,"body":"no, we will help them at home,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1285.77,"endTime":1289.4,"body":"we'll take care of it at home,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1285.77,"endTime":1289.4,"body":"it's not seen as an important"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1289.52,"endTime":1290.9,"body":"thing to to work on."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1291.23,"endTime":1295.94,"body":"And one thing that I"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1291.23,"endTime":1295.94,"body":"have started doing in some of"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1295.94,"endTime":1302.48,"body":"those instances, is meeting with"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1295.94,"endTime":1302.48,"body":"the IEP team about ways that we"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1302.48,"endTime":1307.64,"body":"can embed it into the IEP"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1302.48,"endTime":1307.64,"body":"without making it a goal or an"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1307.64,"endTime":1311.72,"body":"objective. For instance, you"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1307.64,"endTime":1311.72,"body":"know, I've had families that you"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1311.72,"endTime":1315.59,"body":"know, want their child to be"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1311.72,"endTime":1315.59,"body":"able to wipe their face or their"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1315.59,"endTime":1319.91,"body":"clothing after a meal. And so"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1315.59,"endTime":1319.91,"body":"adding that rather as a goal and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1319.91,"endTime":1323.66,"body":"objective, but as a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1319.91,"endTime":1323.66,"body":"supplementary aid and service."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1323.66,"endTime":1328.85,"body":"So providing a social story, or"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1323.66,"endTime":1328.85,"body":"some visuals, like a mirror and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1328.85,"endTime":1334.1,"body":"wipes to help the student learn"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1328.85,"endTime":1334.1,"body":"the skill, and then adding into"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1334.13,"endTime":1339.56,"body":"the IEP, like, encourage"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1334.13,"endTime":1339.56,"body":"students to like check and wash"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1339.56,"endTime":1343.82,"body":"face after a meal. So it's not"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1339.56,"endTime":1343.82,"body":"necessarily a goal, something"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1343.82,"endTime":1346.55,"body":"that you know, data is being"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1343.82,"endTime":1346.55,"body":"collected on. But it's still"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1346.55,"endTime":1350.51,"body":"something that we're able to"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1346.55,"endTime":1350.51,"body":"embed in practice, because the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1350.51,"endTime":1354.26,"body":"student will be eating at school"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1350.51,"endTime":1354.26,"body":"every day. And that way the team"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1354.26,"endTime":1358.1,"body":"is able to monitor and, you"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1354.26,"endTime":1358.1,"body":"know, report how they're doing,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1358.1,"endTime":1362.0,"body":"if that's an area of concern for"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1358.1,"endTime":1362.0,"body":"the teacher or the family."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1362.18,"endTime":1364.94,"body":"That's a great"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1362.18,"endTime":1364.94,"body":"idea on how to track it and keep"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1364.94,"endTime":1368.72,"body":"it accountable to, but it also"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1364.94,"endTime":1368.72,"body":"highlights the importance of it."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1369.71,"endTime":1372.5,"body":"I have to admit"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1369.71,"endTime":1372.5,"body":"that as we were, as we've had"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1372.5,"endTime":1375.29,"body":"this discussion, I was also"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1372.5,"endTime":1375.29,"body":"thinking about that, but then"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1375.32,"endTime":1377.84,"body":"again, thinking about it in"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1375.32,"endTime":1377.84,"body":"terms of like, Hey, is that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1377.84,"endTime":1381.38,"body":"really something that I could"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1377.84,"endTime":1381.38,"body":"throw in to supplemental aid or"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1381.38,"endTime":1383.63,"body":"something? So it's nice to hear"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1381.38,"endTime":1383.63,"body":"you say that and be like, okay,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1383.63,"endTime":1384.83,"body":"yeah, yes, I can thank you"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1384.86,"endTime":1387.56,"body":"Confirmed."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1384.86,"endTime":1387.56,"body":"Totally possible."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1387.0,"endTime":1390.6,"body":"Especially, um, as"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1387.0,"endTime":1390.6,"body":"you were just saying, Meghan, if"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1390.6,"endTime":1394.86,"body":"that is the type of skills that"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1390.6,"endTime":1394.86,"body":"the day programs are looking"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1394.86,"endTime":1400.29,"body":"for, like, it's so important for"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1394.86,"endTime":1400.29,"body":"us to prepare our students for"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1400.29,"endTime":1404.64,"body":"what comes next. And I think,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1400.29,"endTime":1404.64,"body":"you know, that's a simple way to"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1404.64,"endTime":1408.69,"body":"add it in exactly. Just, you"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1404.64,"endTime":1408.69,"body":"know, it's, it's something that"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1408.69,"endTime":1413.7,"body":"classroom staff can easily like,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1408.69,"endTime":1413.7,"body":"learn and help with, it's a good"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1413.7,"endTime":1415.71,"body":"skill for all students, you"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1413.7,"endTime":1415.71,"body":"know..."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1416.01,"endTime":1416.58,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1416.58,"endTime":1419.7,"body":"...even if it's only"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1416.58,"endTime":1419.7,"body":"on a couple of their IEPs."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1421.22,"endTime":1426.74,"body":"one, I mean,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1421.22,"endTime":1426.74,"body":"they're going to look at those"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1426.86,"endTime":1434.15,"body":"kinds of skills, well, who's"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1426.86,"endTime":1434.15,"body":"going to require less assistance"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1434.15,"endTime":1440.99,"body":"from a staff who has five or six"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1434.15,"endTime":1440.99,"body":"in a group, you know. Individual"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1440.99,"endTime":1444.14,"body":"kid, and who can wipe their face"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1440.99,"endTime":1444.14,"body":"off who might go to the bathroom"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1444.14,"endTime":1446.66,"body":"by themselves, you might be able"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1444.14,"endTime":1446.66,"body":"to, you know, be a little more"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1446.66,"endTime":1451.13,"body":"safe. So it's just it's so"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1446.66,"endTime":1451.13,"body":"important. And something like"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1451.13,"endTime":1455.36,"body":"you said, all school staff could"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1451.13,"endTime":1455.36,"body":"easily try out with the whole"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1455.36,"endTime":1458.45,"body":"class. Obviously, there's gonna"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1455.36,"endTime":1458.45,"body":"be different levels of it, but"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1458.45,"endTime":1461.18,"body":"at least giving them that"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1458.45,"endTime":1461.18,"body":"opportunity to attempt."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1461.66,"endTime":1463.22,"body":"And again,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1461.66,"endTime":1463.22,"body":"playing off of that, I mean,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1463.22,"endTime":1466.4,"body":"we've had conversations with"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1463.22,"endTime":1466.4,"body":"people who run programs and they"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1466.4,"endTime":1471.11,"body":"have said that they they are"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1466.4,"endTime":1471.11,"body":"looking for people who have a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1471.11,"endTime":1473.99,"body":"certain set of skills so that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1471.11,"endTime":1473.99,"body":"you know, can kind of fit into"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1473.99,"endTime":1476.96,"body":"the overall program and, you"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1473.99,"endTime":1476.96,"body":"know, sometimes, you know, a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1476.96,"endTime":1479.21,"body":"higher level of need presents..."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1479.45,"endTime":1479.72,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1479.72,"endTime":1481.22,"body":"...a different"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1479.72,"endTime":1481.22,"body":"set of challenges."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1482.36,"endTime":1484.1,"body":"So then, you"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1482.36,"endTime":1484.1,"body":"know, thinking of the different"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1484.1,"endTime":1486.68,"body":"levels of our students, is it"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1484.1,"endTime":1486.68,"body":"possible to change these"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1486.68,"endTime":1488.96,"body":"functional goals for our"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1486.68,"endTime":1488.96,"body":"students, whether it be"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1488.96,"endTime":1492.02,"body":"simplifying them or making them"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1488.96,"endTime":1492.02,"body":"more difficult or complex?"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1492.26,"endTime":1495.65,"body":"Of course. Like all"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1492.26,"endTime":1495.65,"body":"IEP goals, functional goals"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1495.65,"endTime":1500.36,"body":"should be individualized to the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1495.65,"endTime":1500.36,"body":"unique needs of each student. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1500.36,"endTime":1504.74,"body":"once that goal area, whether"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1500.36,"endTime":1504.74,"body":"it's academic community or work"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1504.74,"endTime":1508.73,"body":"is determined, then the team"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1504.74,"endTime":1508.73,"body":"needs to get a measurable"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1508.73,"endTime":1512.27,"body":"baseline, you know, what can the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1508.73,"endTime":1512.27,"body":"student do on their own"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1512.3,"endTime":1515.96,"body":"completely independently, if"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1512.3,"endTime":1515.96,"body":"they're requiring support, how"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1515.96,"endTime":1520.13,"body":"many prompts you know what types"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1515.96,"endTime":1520.13,"body":"of prompts are required, and how"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1520.13,"endTime":1523.67,"body":"accurate is the student, you"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1520.13,"endTime":1523.67,"body":"know, given the prompts and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1523.67,"endTime":1528.08,"body":"supports, and then we can modify"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1523.67,"endTime":1528.08,"body":"the goal. So for instance, let's"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1528.08,"endTime":1532.52,"body":"say a family wants their child"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1528.08,"endTime":1532.52,"body":"to be able to prepare a meal. A"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1532.52,"endTime":1538.13,"body":"simplified goal might be to mix"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1532.52,"endTime":1538.13,"body":"pre measured items in a bowl. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1538.13,"endTime":1543.98,"body":"maybe like making a salad where"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1538.13,"endTime":1543.98,"body":"all the ingredients from a bag"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1543.98,"endTime":1547.55,"body":"or all the ingredients are"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1543.98,"endTime":1547.55,"body":"already measured out, or to heat"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1547.55,"endTime":1551.21,"body":"up a prepared meal in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1547.55,"endTime":1551.21,"body":"microwave, a more challenging"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1551.21,"endTime":1556.04,"body":"goal would be to have a student"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1551.21,"endTime":1556.04,"body":"prepare a meal that requires"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1556.07,"endTime":1563.18,"body":"measuring, mixing, baking, or"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1556.07,"endTime":1563.18,"body":"boiling, depending on their"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1563.36,"endTime":1568.34,"body":"safety awareness, of course. And"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1563.36,"endTime":1568.34,"body":"either way, the IEP team would"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1568.37,"endTime":1574.25,"body":"split up the functional goal"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1568.37,"endTime":1574.25,"body":"into measurable and achievable"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1574.28,"endTime":1577.94,"body":"pieces, which we call objectives"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1574.28,"endTime":1577.94,"body":"that the student can work on"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1577.97,"endTime":1583.22,"body":"throughout the course of the IEP"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1577.97,"endTime":1583.22,"body":"in order to achieve that overall"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1583.37,"endTime":1585.86,"body":"skill of preparing a meal."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1587.09,"endTime":1590.12,"body":"And going back"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1587.09,"endTime":1590.12,"body":"to what you were saying before"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1590.12,"endTime":1593.6,"body":"about those functional areas,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1590.12,"endTime":1593.6,"body":"like as if they were related to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1593.6,"endTime":1597.29,"body":"reading or writing my thinking"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1593.6,"endTime":1597.29,"body":"goes to filling out a job"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1597.29,"endTime":1600.59,"body":"application, you know, being"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1597.29,"endTime":1600.59,"body":"able to sit down and knowing"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1600.59,"endTime":1604.13,"body":"what information to put in the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1600.59,"endTime":1604.13,"body":"job application, recognizing"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1604.4,"endTime":1606.98,"body":"what information that they don't"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1604.4,"endTime":1606.98,"body":"have, and that they'll have to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1606.98,"endTime":1611.39,"body":"ask, they will have to ask help"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1606.98,"endTime":1611.39,"body":"for in order to figure it out."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1611.57,"endTime":1613.34,"body":"So yeah, that's really"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1611.57,"endTime":1613.34,"body":"interesting."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1613.66,"endTime":1615.52,"body":"Well, I think"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1613.66,"endTime":1615.52,"body":"of that, and I think of all the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1615.52,"endTime":1618.1,"body":"levels that come with it, like"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1615.52,"endTime":1618.1,"body":"it could just be recognizing"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1618.1,"endTime":1621.76,"body":"their name and print, or"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1618.1,"endTime":1621.76,"body":"carrying a card that they know"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1621.76,"endTime":1625.0,"body":"to hand to someone if they're"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1621.76,"endTime":1625.0,"body":"asked what their information is."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1625.69,"endTime":1628.03,"body":"So yeah, like Laura said,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1625.69,"endTime":1628.03,"body":"there's so many different ways"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1628.03,"endTime":1631.93,"body":"to customize it. And then I like"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1628.03,"endTime":1631.93,"body":"when you're talking about, you"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1631.93,"endTime":1635.53,"body":"know, preparing for a meal,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1631.93,"endTime":1635.53,"body":"like, it's a great way for"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1635.53,"endTime":1639.37,"body":"families to practice to, you"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1635.53,"endTime":1639.37,"body":"know, and it could be something"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1639.4,"endTime":1642.52,"body":"as simple as having them put"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1639.4,"endTime":1642.52,"body":"their bowl in the sink when"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1642.52,"endTime":1646.57,"body":"they're done. I think a student"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1642.52,"endTime":1646.57,"body":"can do at least one part of it,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1646.6,"endTime":1648.64,"body":"you know, because I know so many"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1646.6,"endTime":1648.64,"body":"times I hear family say, Well,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1648.67,"endTime":1651.37,"body":"no, they're not capable. No,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1648.67,"endTime":1651.37,"body":"there's there's a part that they"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1651.37,"endTime":1653.17,"body":"are capable of, we just have to"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1651.37,"endTime":1653.17,"body":"find it."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1653.56,"endTime":1657.04,"body":"Right. And I think"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1653.56,"endTime":1657.04,"body":"that is part of the beauty of"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1657.04,"endTime":1659.95,"body":"both special education and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1657.04,"endTime":1659.95,"body":"occupational therapy, that we"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1659.95,"endTime":1664.3,"body":"both have that strength, space"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1659.95,"endTime":1664.3,"body":"focus, let's figure out what the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1664.51,"endTime":1670.51,"body":"child the student can do and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1664.51,"endTime":1670.51,"body":"kind of base the learning on"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1670.51,"endTime":1673.27,"body":"that. Like, can we can we"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1670.51,"endTime":1673.27,"body":"stretch it a little more, they"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1673.27,"endTime":1676.63,"body":"can do one step by the end of"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1673.27,"endTime":1676.63,"body":"the year, can they do two steps,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1676.63,"endTime":1681.55,"body":"right? They can do the five"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1676.63,"endTime":1681.55,"body":"steps of handwashing, by the end"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1681.55,"endTime":1685.78,"body":"of the year, can they you know,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1681.55,"endTime":1685.78,"body":"also wash their face, whatever"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1686.02,"endTime":1686.74,"body":"it might be."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1687.19,"endTime":1689.11,"body":"Right. And"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1687.19,"endTime":1689.11,"body":"then I love hearing the success"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1689.11,"endTime":1692.05,"body":"stories from the families when"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1689.11,"endTime":1692.05,"body":"they actually do see it come to"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1692.05,"endTime":1694.3,"body":"fruition. And they're like, oh,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1692.05,"endTime":1694.3,"body":"my gosh, they're doing it"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1694.3,"endTime":1696.49,"body":"independently now. So it just"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1694.3,"endTime":1696.49,"body":"makes it all worth it."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1696.81,"endTime":1698.34,"body":"One of the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1696.81,"endTime":1698.34,"body":"things that I don't think that I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1699.93,"endTime":1703.83,"body":"appreciated lor, is the fact"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1699.93,"endTime":1703.83,"body":"that you do you do have a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1703.83,"endTime":1708.9,"body":"doctorate. So you first you came"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1703.83,"endTime":1708.9,"body":"into it, looking from the school"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1708.9,"endTime":1713.34,"body":"system, looking at the practical"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1708.9,"endTime":1713.34,"body":"application, right? Like, this"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1713.34,"endTime":1715.56,"body":"is what we're doing like this is"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1713.34,"endTime":1715.56,"body":"the way that the school system"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1715.56,"endTime":1720.75,"body":"does it. But then through your"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1715.56,"endTime":1720.75,"body":"doctoral program, hearing you"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1720.75,"endTime":1725.19,"body":"bring that level of information"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1720.75,"endTime":1725.19,"body":"to it, like the statistics and"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1725.19,"endTime":1727.68,"body":"the things that you had"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1725.19,"endTime":1727.68,"body":"mentioned earlier. It just,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1728.01,"endTime":1732.27,"body":"again, it kind of makes me think"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1728.01,"endTime":1732.27,"body":"about it on a level that I had"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1732.27,"endTime":1737.07,"body":"not thought about it before. As"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1732.27,"endTime":1737.07,"body":"it relates to the introduction"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1737.1,"endTime":1743.31,"body":"of transition. Yeah, it's, it's,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1737.1,"endTime":1743.31,"body":"it's interesting. It's"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1743.31,"endTime":1744.48,"body":"interesting to me."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1744.81,"endTime":1746.46,"body":"Well it's just"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1744.81,"endTime":1746.46,"body":"amazing to see how it all ties"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1746.46,"endTime":1747.15,"body":"in together."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1747.18,"endTime":1748.62,"body":"Yeah, I was"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1747.18,"endTime":1748.62,"body":"gonna do that make sense? Did I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1748.62,"endTime":1749.52,"body":"just sound like a dork?"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1751.41,"endTime":1753.21,"body":"I could see"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1751.41,"endTime":1753.21,"body":"the wheels turning."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1753.6,"endTime":1756.42,"body":"Yeah. I know"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1753.6,"endTime":1756.42,"body":"the direction that I wanted to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1756.42,"endTime":1758.82,"body":"go. Yeah, I don't know if I got"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1756.42,"endTime":1758.82,"body":"there. But it...it..."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1759.83,"endTime":1763.79,"body":"I mean, I think it's"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1759.83,"endTime":1763.79,"body":"challenging because in any post"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1763.85,"endTime":1767.75,"body":"secondary program, you know,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1763.85,"endTime":1767.75,"body":"they're focused on Alright,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1767.75,"endTime":1769.64,"body":"we're teaching from the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1767.75,"endTime":1769.64,"body":"evidence, like we're teaching"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1769.64,"endTime":1776.27,"body":"these best practices. And there"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1769.64,"endTime":1776.27,"body":"are best practices in special"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1776.27,"endTime":1782.81,"body":"education. But in reviewing"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1776.27,"endTime":1782.81,"body":"literally thousands of articles"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1782.81,"endTime":1787.61,"body":"in the transition literature,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1782.81,"endTime":1787.61,"body":"like some of those best"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1787.61,"endTime":1793.55,"body":"practices are missing. And so"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1787.61,"endTime":1793.55,"body":"while like diving deep into that"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1794.27,"endTime":1799.82,"body":"literature of that transition,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1794.27,"endTime":1799.82,"body":"it's, it was disheartening to"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1799.82,"endTime":1804.89,"body":"see Eat that a big part of the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1799.82,"endTime":1804.89,"body":"problem is that lack of evidence"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1807.14,"endTime":1811.55,"body":"that, you know, there are"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1807.14,"endTime":1811.55,"body":"practices that will help. And"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1811.55,"endTime":1816.38,"body":"because of that, I really focus"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1811.55,"endTime":1816.38,"body":"my research on okay, what is"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1816.38,"endTime":1821.87,"body":"evidence based. So peer support"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1816.38,"endTime":1821.87,"body":"is evidence based, starting"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1821.9,"endTime":1825.38,"body":"early. So working on these"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1821.9,"endTime":1825.38,"body":"functional skills early and"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1825.41,"endTime":1830.93,"body":"earlier and earlier is evidence"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1825.41,"endTime":1830.93,"body":"based, using visuals and social"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1830.93,"endTime":1835.04,"body":"stories is evidence based. But"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1830.93,"endTime":1835.04,"body":"there's there's nothing that,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1835.46,"endTime":1840.29,"body":"you know, points to okay, this"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1835.46,"endTime":1840.29,"body":"is the key to success. Do this"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1840.29,"endTime":1844.16,"body":"and everything will be magic. So"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1840.29,"endTime":1844.16,"body":"school where you're in the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1844.16,"endTime":1847.82,"body":"ideal. And you know, we're we're"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1844.16,"endTime":1847.82,"body":"all working in that public"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1847.82,"endTime":1849.74,"body":"education, that practical"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1847.82,"endTime":1849.74,"body":"setting."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1850.4,"endTime":1853.22,"body":"Well in playing"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1850.4,"endTime":1853.22,"body":"off of that, I recently had a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1853.22,"endTime":1856.13,"body":"conversation with some friends"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1853.22,"endTime":1856.13,"body":"that Megan and I made in"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1856.13,"endTime":1860.06,"body":"Wisconsin, and that is a future"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1856.13,"endTime":1860.06,"body":"discussion that we're going to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1860.06,"endTime":1862.88,"body":"have, where we'll have a chance"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1860.06,"endTime":1862.88,"body":"to sit down and talk with them."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1862.88,"endTime":1867.05,"body":"But through the course of that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1862.88,"endTime":1867.05,"body":"conversation, one thing that I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1867.05,"endTime":1870.92,"body":"thought was really interesting"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1867.05,"endTime":1870.92,"body":"was that they were able to break"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1870.92,"endTime":1876.74,"body":"down transition within their"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1870.92,"endTime":1876.74,"body":"state based on geolocation,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1876.74,"endTime":1880.52,"body":"because the way that they"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1876.74,"endTime":1880.52,"body":"described it was is that if you"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1880.52,"endTime":1885.17,"body":"were in southern Wisconsin, then"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1880.52,"endTime":1885.17,"body":"the transition skills that they"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1885.17,"endTime":1889.25,"body":"were going to navigate you"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1885.17,"endTime":1889.25,"body":"towards were different than the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1889.25,"endTime":1892.19,"body":"ones that if you were in"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1889.25,"endTime":1892.19,"body":"northern Wisconsin, just based"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1892.22,"endTime":1897.47,"body":"on their economy, and what they"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1892.22,"endTime":1897.47,"body":"do, and in the different areas."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1897.47,"endTime":1901.1,"body":"And again, it was something that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1897.47,"endTime":1901.1,"body":"I had not thought of before,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1901.28,"endTime":1905.99,"body":"even though many times we say"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1901.28,"endTime":1905.99,"body":"that transition itself is very"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1905.99,"endTime":1910.61,"body":"individualized. So it was just a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1905.99,"endTime":1910.61,"body":"very, it was a very enlightening"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1910.61,"endTime":1913.04,"body":"conversation to have. And I was"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1910.61,"endTime":1913.04,"body":"fascinated to hear those"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1913.04,"endTime":1913.85,"body":"differences."},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1914.3,"endTime":1916.7,"body":"Makes sense,"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1914.3,"endTime":1916.7,"body":"especially considering the"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1916.73,"endTime":1921.47,"body":"community supports that teachers"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1916.73,"endTime":1921.47,"body":"or families or transition"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1921.47,"endTime":1925.13,"body":"coordinators, you know, might be"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1921.47,"endTime":1925.13,"body":"utilizing to help get students"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1925.13,"endTime":1928.7,"body":"out into the community, you're"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1925.13,"endTime":1928.7,"body":"going to use whatever's around"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1928.7,"endTime":1933.05,"body":"you that that's, that's"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1928.7,"endTime":1933.05,"body":"fascinating that, you know, they"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1933.35,"endTime":1936.08,"body":"were able to mark such a"},{"speaker":"Laura Karp","startTime":1933.35,"endTime":1936.08,"body":"difference based on geography."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":1936.11,"endTime":1936.59,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1937.46,"endTime":1939.68,"body":"Yeah, I'm"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1937.46,"endTime":1939.68,"body":"looking forward to talking with"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1939.68,"endTime":1943.04,"body":"them. And kind of delving a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1939.68,"endTime":1943.04,"body":"little bit deeper into it,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1943.04,"endTime":1945.08,"body":"because one of the things that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1943.04,"endTime":1945.08,"body":"had also come up in that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1945.08,"endTime":1948.98,"body":"conversation, Meghan, and I had"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1945.08,"endTime":1948.98,"body":"just finished having our"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1948.98,"endTime":1954.77,"body":"discussion around health care"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1948.98,"endTime":1954.77,"body":"transition. And just know, I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1954.77,"endTime":1959.69,"body":"didn't prompt, the I didn't"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1954.77,"endTime":1959.69,"body":"prompt the conversation. But as"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1959.69,"endTime":1964.4,"body":"I met with this group, they the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1959.69,"endTime":1964.4,"body":"first thing out of their mouth"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1964.4,"endTime":1968.66,"body":"was health care transition. And"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1964.4,"endTime":1968.66,"body":"I was like, okay, so, and I was"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1968.66,"endTime":1972.41,"body":"worried because if they were in"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1968.66,"endTime":1972.41,"body":"Wisconsin, that I wasn't going"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1972.41,"endTime":1975.14,"body":"to know what they were talking"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1972.41,"endTime":1975.14,"body":"about. But as it turns out, as"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1975.14,"endTime":1977.75,"body":"the conversation progressed,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1975.14,"endTime":1977.75,"body":"there's a lot of common language"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1977.75,"endTime":1981.8,"body":"which made it very helpful, and,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1977.75,"endTime":1981.8,"body":"and again, in being able to dive"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1981.8,"endTime":1985.01,"body":"into the differences, and then,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1981.8,"endTime":1985.01,"body":"you know, figuring out who does"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1985.01,"endTime":1988.07,"body":"what differently, and why did"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1985.01,"endTime":1988.07,"body":"they do it that way. And when"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1988.07,"endTime":1989.93,"body":"they talked about their"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1988.07,"endTime":1989.93,"body":"interactions with the school"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1989.93,"endTime":1993.53,"body":"system, it again, it sounded"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1989.93,"endTime":1993.53,"body":"very different than the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1993.53,"endTime":1997.28,"body":"interactions in the school"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1993.53,"endTime":1997.28,"body":"system that, you know, we, I, we"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1997.28,"endTime":1999.02,"body":"have gotten used to."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1999.69,"endTime":2003.23,"body":"And speaking of the differences"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":1999.69,"endTime":2003.23,"body":"from state to state, let me use"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2003.26,"endTime":2007.58,"body":"this as a segue very quickly to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2003.26,"endTime":2007.58,"body":"throw out our Well That's"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2007.58,"endTime":2011.51,"body":"Helpful resource for this week."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2007.58,"endTime":2011.51,"body":"Now, we're going to highlight a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2011.51,"endTime":2014.69,"body":"discussion that I recently came"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2011.51,"endTime":2014.69,"body":"across from Disability Rights"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2014.69,"endTime":2018.11,"body":"Florida, the most recent"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2014.69,"endTime":2018.11,"body":"conversation on their podcast,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2018.14,"endTime":2022.73,"body":"You First has two parent"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2018.14,"endTime":2022.73,"body":"advocates, and they discuss the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2022.73,"endTime":2027.62,"body":"nuances of the IEP process. But"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2022.73,"endTime":2027.62,"body":"my ears really perked up when"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2027.62,"endTime":2030.29,"body":"they started a discussion on"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2027.62,"endTime":2030.29,"body":"transition, and more"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2030.29,"endTime":2033.38,"body":"specifically, what it looks like"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2030.29,"endTime":2033.38,"body":"in the state of Florida. So"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2033.41,"endTime":2035.87,"body":"there will be a link in the show"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2033.41,"endTime":2035.87,"body":"notes to that specific"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2035.87,"endTime":2039.59,"body":"discussion. But in general,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2035.87,"endTime":2039.59,"body":"Disability Rights Florida has"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2039.59,"endTime":2042.5,"body":"done a really nice job on their"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2039.59,"endTime":2042.5,"body":"You First podcast, and I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2042.5,"endTime":2046.7,"body":"champion anyone to subscribe to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2042.5,"endTime":2046.7,"body":"it. They have a lot of"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2046.7,"endTime":2050.03,"body":"thoughtful discussions that I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2046.7,"endTime":2050.03,"body":"personally have found useful. So"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2050.27,"endTime":2054.44,"body":"look them up either at their"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2050.27,"endTime":2054.44,"body":"website or on your podcast"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2054.44,"endTime":2057.53,"body":"platform of choice. And like I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2054.44,"endTime":2057.53,"body":"said, there will be a link in"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2057.53,"endTime":2062.9,"body":"the show notes. And once again,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2057.53,"endTime":2062.9,"body":"another outside the state"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2062.9,"endTime":2063.68,"body":"resource."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2064.22,"endTime":2066.14,"body":"Yeah, I find"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2064.22,"endTime":2066.14,"body":"that so interesting to hear how"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2066.14,"endTime":2069.14,"body":"it differs from state to state."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2066.14,"endTime":2069.14,"body":"And I think it's handy for"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2069.14,"endTime":2072.14,"body":"parents here too, because I know"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2069.14,"endTime":2072.14,"body":"you know, when you're thinking"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2072.14,"endTime":2075.38,"body":"of long term goals, and maybe"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2072.14,"endTime":2075.38,"body":"you want to retire a different"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2075.38,"endTime":2078.14,"body":"state, well, you really have to"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2075.38,"endTime":2078.14,"body":"become familiar with what is"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2078.14,"endTime":2081.92,"body":"available there. And what would"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2078.14,"endTime":2081.92,"body":"work for your family. But you"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2081.92,"endTime":2086.12,"body":"know, what would work functional"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2081.92,"endTime":2086.12,"body":"IEP goals? Just tying it back"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2086.12,"endTime":2086.42,"body":"there."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2087.65,"endTime":2089.99,"body":"All right, so"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2087.65,"endTime":2089.99,"body":"we were on a divergent"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2089.99,"endTime":2093.29,"body":"conversation. The ole' fork in"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2089.99,"endTime":2093.29,"body":"the road, but then Meghan"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2093.29,"endTime":2094.79,"body":"brought it right back."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2093.29,"endTime":2094.79,"body":"Brilliant."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2095.03,"endTime":2095.33,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2095.51,"endTime":2097.94,"body":"Brilliant. All"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2095.51,"endTime":2097.94,"body":"right. Meghan, do you have"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2097.94,"endTime":2098.84,"body":"anything else?"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2098.99,"endTime":2100.73,"body":"No, I think"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2098.99,"endTime":2100.73,"body":"that was..."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2101.6,"endTime":2103.58,"body":"Brilliant."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2101.6,"endTime":2103.58,"body":"Well, I will tell you what I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2103.58,"endTime":2106.7,"body":"would say that that was a, that"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2103.58,"endTime":2106.7,"body":"was a full conversation."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2106.7,"endTime":2107.6,"body":"That was good."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2107.6,"endTime":2107.72,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2107.69,"endTime":2108.98,"body":"Thank you so"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2107.69,"endTime":2108.98,"body":"much, Laura."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2109.01,"endTime":2109.7,"body":"Yeah, thank"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2109.01,"endTime":2109.7,"body":"you."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2109.76,"endTime":2110.36,"body":"Appreciate it."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2110.39,"endTime":2112.34,"body":"That definitely"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2110.39,"endTime":2112.34,"body":"got me thinking about it in a"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2112.34,"endTime":2113.15,"body":"different way."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2113.45,"endTime":2116.0,"body":"No it was"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2113.45,"endTime":2116.0,"body":"perfect tie in. And like the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2116.0,"endTime":2119.69,"body":"focus, I think, this year,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2116.0,"endTime":2119.69,"body":"especially is really been, how"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2119.69,"endTime":2122.12,"body":"can we start earlier? What can"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2119.69,"endTime":2122.12,"body":"we do to get families in"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2122.12,"endTime":2125.3,"body":"earlier, especially with the"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2122.12,"endTime":2125.3,"body":"middle school, you know, push,"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2125.42,"endTime":2127.1,"body":"so I think this is perfect."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2135.34,"endTime":2137.98,"body":"Well, that was,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2135.34,"endTime":2137.98,"body":"that was a very cool"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2137.98,"endTime":2141.88,"body":"conversation. It's nice to be"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2137.98,"endTime":2141.88,"body":"back in and talking, talking"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2141.88,"endTime":2142.48,"body":"with people."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2143.26,"endTime":2145.48,"body":"Agree and I"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2143.26,"endTime":2145.48,"body":"love hearing the real life"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2145.48,"endTime":2150.01,"body":"stories and how it really can"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2145.48,"endTime":2150.01,"body":"fit in and it all ties together."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2150.25,"endTime":2152.62,"body":"It does all tie"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2150.25,"endTime":2152.62,"body":"together. All right. Well, with"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2152.62,"endTime":2156.58,"body":"all of that being said, follow"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2152.62,"endTime":2156.58,"body":"the information from this"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2156.58,"endTime":2160.72,"body":"conversation in our show notes."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2156.58,"endTime":2160.72,"body":"Like, Follow and please share"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2160.72,"endTime":2163.51,"body":"out the podcast, we are looking"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2160.72,"endTime":2163.51,"body":"to spread the word to as many"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2163.51,"endTime":2167.77,"body":"families that are going through"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2163.51,"endTime":2167.77,"body":"this process as we can. Visit"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2167.77,"endTime":2170.92,"body":"our YouTube channel, we've"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2167.77,"endTime":2170.92,"body":"posted videos of all of our all"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2170.92,"endTime":2173.44,"body":"of our conversations, including"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2170.92,"endTime":2173.44,"body":"doing some of the legwork for"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2173.44,"endTime":2176.38,"body":"you. We've curated videos of"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2173.44,"endTime":2176.38,"body":"topics that revolve around"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2176.38,"endTime":2179.53,"body":"transition that include"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2176.38,"endTime":2179.53,"body":"playlists, they cover"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2179.53,"endTime":2182.65,"body":"guardianship, alternatives to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2179.53,"endTime":2182.65,"body":"guardianship, ABLE accounts. And"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2182.65,"endTime":2186.04,"body":"there is always more to come,"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2182.65,"endTime":2186.04,"body":"the more videos we find. So be"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2186.04,"endTime":2189.01,"body":"sure to subscribe there as well."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2186.04,"endTime":2189.01,"body":"And then finally, check out our"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2189.01,"endTime":2191.26,"body":"website, which is chock full of"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2189.01,"endTime":2191.26,"body":"information around the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2191.26,"endTime":2194.62,"body":"transition process. At this"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2191.26,"endTime":2194.62,"body":"time, I am very comfortable to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2194.62,"endTime":2197.83,"body":"say that we have now officially"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2194.62,"endTime":2197.83,"body":"moved over to what would be"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2197.83,"endTime":2202.9,"body":"considered version 2.0 of the"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2197.83,"endTime":2202.9,"body":"website. It has been refreshed"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2202.9,"endTime":2205.21,"body":"and rewritten from the ground"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2202.9,"endTime":2205.21,"body":"up. So go check it out."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2205.24,"endTime":2211.84,"body":"www.postsecondarytransition.com."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2205.24,"endTime":2211.84,"body":"And we are looking forward to"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2212.2,"endTime":2216.46,"body":"more pages and more"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2212.2,"endTime":2216.46,"body":"conversations in the future. All"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2216.46,"endTime":2222.61,"body":"right. Well, there we go. And we"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2216.46,"endTime":2222.61,"body":"have I believe that the we have"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2222.61,"endTime":2224.41,"body":"another conversation coming up"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2222.61,"endTime":2224.41,"body":"very soon."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2224.57,"endTime":2226.4,"body":"We do, I'm"},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2224.57,"endTime":2226.4,"body":"excited it for."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2226.46,"endTime":2228.11,"body":"I'm sorry. I"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2226.46,"endTime":2228.11,"body":"shouldn't say conversation"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2228.11,"endTime":2229.91,"body":"because we're always having"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2228.11,"endTime":2229.91,"body":"conversations; another"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2229.97,"endTime":2230.99,"body":"interview."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2231.56,"endTime":2232.19,"body":"Yes."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2232.37,"endTime":2233.81,"body":"All right."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2232.37,"endTime":2233.81,"body":"Well, then we're looking forward"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2233.81,"endTime":2238.4,"body":"to that. So then please come"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2233.81,"endTime":2238.4,"body":"back and listen to us anytime."},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2238.4,"endTime":2240.71,"body":"We really appreciate it and"},{"speaker":"Patrick Cadigan","startTime":2238.4,"endTime":2240.71,"body":"we'll talk with you soon."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2241.43,"endTime":2242.45,"body":"All right."},{"speaker":"Meghan Smallwood","startTime":2241.43,"endTime":2242.45,"body":"Thanks, everyone."}]}