{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":0.12,"endTime":7.92,"body":"I will never, uh, I guess escape the lack"},{"startTime":0.12,"endTime":7.92,"body":"of knowledge people have for indigenous"},{"startTime":7.92,"endTime":17.49,"body":"people, and I will never be able to"},{"startTime":7.92,"endTime":17.49,"body":"understand why I am the person that."},{"startTime":18.57,"endTime":20.58,"body":"Ends up being the one people go to."},{"startTime":24.6,"endTime":28.35,"body":"Welcome to Reconsider Everything,"},{"startTime":24.6,"endTime":28.35,"body":"a podcast that dives into the"},{"startTime":28.35,"endTime":32.31,"body":"impact of how American history"},{"startTime":28.35,"endTime":32.31,"body":"is and isn't taught in the us."},{"startTime":32.91,"endTime":35.79,"body":"The lack of multicultural history"},{"startTime":32.91,"endTime":35.79,"body":"taught in schools has been brought"},{"startTime":35.795,"endTime":39.12,"body":"up more and more the past few"},{"startTime":35.795,"endTime":39.12,"body":"years in mainstream conversations."},{"startTime":39.565,"endTime":42.595,"body":"But have you ever thought about what that"},{"startTime":39.565,"endTime":42.595,"body":"means for those whose history has not"},{"startTime":42.595,"endTime":44.515,"body":"been told or celebrated for centuries?"},{"startTime":45.114,"endTime":49.555,"body":"This season, every week you will hear"},{"startTime":45.114,"endTime":49.555,"body":"stories from people of various backgrounds"},{"startTime":49.555,"endTime":53.394,"body":"who answer that question and gain"},{"startTime":49.555,"endTime":53.394,"body":"insight from those working in education."},{"startTime":54.175,"endTime":57.775,"body":"I'm your host, Maris Nichol, and"},{"startTime":54.175,"endTime":57.775,"body":"this is just the beginning of what"},{"startTime":57.775,"endTime":59.905,"body":"I call the American History Project."},{"startTime":60.325,"endTime":63.565,"body":"Hopefully you'll learn a lot of new"},{"startTime":60.325,"endTime":63.565,"body":"history that will make you reconsider"},{"startTime":63.565,"endTime":67.075,"body":"everything you know and the empathy"},{"startTime":63.565,"endTime":67.075,"body":"you have for the people around you."},{"startTime":71.339,"endTime":75.03,"body":"Hello and welcome back to part two"},{"startTime":71.339,"endTime":75.03,"body":"of the Indigenous History episode."},{"startTime":75.869,"endTime":80.039,"body":"I'm back with Lyric Kuo and Joshua"},{"startTime":75.869,"endTime":80.039,"body":"Aay, the President and CEO of"},{"startTime":80.039,"endTime":83.31,"body":"partnership with Native Americans"},{"startTime":80.039,"endTime":83.31,"body":"who continue to share their insight"},{"startTime":83.31,"endTime":84.81,"body":"on indigenous history and culture."},{"startTime":84.81,"endTime":88.649,"body":"In this episode, I would like to"},{"startTime":84.81,"endTime":88.649,"body":"add a content warning here that this"},{"startTime":88.649,"endTime":92.31,"body":"episode does talk about sexual assault"},{"startTime":88.649,"endTime":92.31,"body":"and abuse, and I will give a trigger"},{"startTime":92.31,"endTime":95.58,"body":"warning later in the episode before"},{"startTime":92.31,"endTime":95.58,"body":"we begin speaking about those topics."},{"startTime":96.179,"endTime":98.369,"body":"So I wanna talk a little more about how."},{"startTime":99.165,"endTime":101.355,"body":"Difficult to even get that history."},{"startTime":101.355,"endTime":105.615,"body":"And I mean, so for you, like if"},{"startTime":101.355,"endTime":105.615,"body":"you wanna research something,"},{"startTime":105.615,"endTime":107.415,"body":"what is your method of doing that?"},{"startTime":107.685,"endTime":108.105,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":108.735,"endTime":114.585,"body":"So do you mean that particularly in my,"},{"startTime":108.735,"endTime":114.585,"body":"like for my tribe or for just in general?"},{"startTime":114.705,"endTime":116.445,"body":"Um, I would say for both."},{"startTime":116.535,"endTime":116.745,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":116.745,"endTime":116.835,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":117.195,"endTime":123.315,"body":"So in general, I try to go to other"},{"startTime":117.195,"endTime":123.315,"body":"indigenous, a network of other"},{"startTime":123.315,"endTime":124.455,"body":"indigenous people that I've met."},{"startTime":124.455,"endTime":124.485,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":124.725,"endTime":127.215,"body":"So that's something that"},{"startTime":124.725,"endTime":127.215,"body":"has really helped me."},{"startTime":127.575,"endTime":131.655,"body":"Um, I really don't know what I would"},{"startTime":127.575,"endTime":131.655,"body":"do without these conferences and"},{"startTime":131.655,"endTime":135.375,"body":"indigenous people that I've met over"},{"startTime":131.655,"endTime":135.375,"body":"social media who can tell me a little"},{"startTime":135.38,"endTime":140.955,"body":"bit about their culture and their"},{"startTime":135.38,"endTime":140.955,"body":"tribes because I mean, without that"},{"startTime":140.955,"endTime":143.235,"body":"access, it, it's kind of really hard."},{"startTime":143.235,"endTime":148.695,"body":"I mean, when I look at text,"},{"startTime":143.235,"endTime":148.695,"body":"They just rub me the wrong way"},{"startTime":148.725,"endTime":150.525,"body":"because they're so inaccurate."},{"startTime":151.065,"endTime":153.045,"body":"Um, how can you expand on that?"},{"startTime":153.045,"endTime":155.745,"body":"When you say they rub you the"},{"startTime":153.045,"endTime":155.745,"body":"wrong way, Like is it, Yeah, so the"},{"startTime":155.745,"endTime":159.525,"body":"depictions are really sad looking."},{"startTime":159.645,"endTime":165.675,"body":"Um, it's usually like indigenous people"},{"startTime":159.645,"endTime":165.675,"body":"like spirit on a spike or like just."},{"startTime":166.575,"endTime":170.385,"body":"Always like a white man somehow in the"},{"startTime":166.575,"endTime":170.385,"body":"picture because it's always like war"},{"startTime":170.445,"endTime":177.285,"body":"images or it's, uh, particularly like a"},{"startTime":170.445,"endTime":177.285,"body":"Plains Indian who is like in pants and"},{"startTime":177.285,"endTime":181.395,"body":"moccasins and then has like an eagle"},{"startTime":177.285,"endTime":181.395,"body":"feather or is wearing a headdress."},{"startTime":181.4,"endTime":184.875,"body":"And you know, those are all done on"},{"startTime":181.4,"endTime":184.875,"body":"different circumstances, but that"},{"startTime":184.875,"endTime":186.645,"body":"is like the average depiction Yeah."},{"startTime":186.645,"endTime":188.835,"body":"Of an indigenous person"},{"startTime":186.645,"endTime":188.835,"body":"in these textbooks."},{"startTime":188.835,"endTime":189.915,"body":"So it's just like, okay."},{"startTime":189.915,"endTime":193.155,"body":"Once again, like I am not"},{"startTime":189.915,"endTime":193.155,"body":"being represented here."},{"startTime":193.16,"endTime":193.385,"body":"Mm."},{"startTime":194.265,"endTime":195.435,"body":"And it's really unfortunate."},{"startTime":195.795,"endTime":198.825,"body":"Now, when I'm researching for"},{"startTime":195.795,"endTime":198.825,"body":"my own tribe, I would say that"},{"startTime":198.825,"endTime":203.085,"body":"I talk to, um, elders within"},{"startTime":198.825,"endTime":203.085,"body":"my tribe who are still around."},{"startTime":203.144,"endTime":206.445,"body":"Um, my, that the recently"},{"startTime":203.144,"endTime":206.445,"body":"passed in July and it was really"},{"startTime":206.445,"endTime":207.585,"body":"devastating for our community."},{"startTime":207.585,"endTime":208.845,"body":"He was a tribal elder."},{"startTime":208.995,"endTime":211.484,"body":"He was our last, uh, World War II veteran."},{"startTime":211.845,"endTime":213.715,"body":"Um, and he was one of."},{"startTime":214.025,"endTime":217.055,"body":"Oldest and last, uh, Tay was"},{"startTime":214.025,"endTime":217.055,"body":"speaking members, uh, who"},{"startTime":217.055,"endTime":218.495,"body":"spoke at flu at Lisa's birth."},{"startTime":218.585,"endTime":218.885,"body":"Wow."},{"startTime":218.945,"endTime":224.585,"body":"So, um, they do have language restoration"},{"startTime":218.945,"endTime":224.585,"body":"programs going on, but, um, he was"},{"startTime":224.585,"endTime":226.565,"body":"like one of our oldest speakers."},{"startTime":226.775,"endTime":230.345,"body":"So it, it definitely, I feel like"},{"startTime":226.775,"endTime":230.345,"body":"it took a hit, but I would go to him"},{"startTime":230.345,"endTime":234.095,"body":"for knowledge and I go to my grandma"},{"startTime":230.345,"endTime":234.095,"body":"who does remember, you know, she"},{"startTime":234.095,"endTime":236.765,"body":"remembers a lot about the traditions"},{"startTime":234.095,"endTime":236.765,"body":"and stuff, and she's more willing"},{"startTime":236.765,"endTime":238.235,"body":"to talk about it now that I'm older."},{"startTime":238.265,"endTime":238.355,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":238.655,"endTime":243.275,"body":", um, So I, I go to her, I talk to"},{"startTime":238.655,"endTime":243.275,"body":"her nine brothers and sisters."},{"startTime":243.575,"endTime":245.885,"body":"Um, so there's, there's a lot about that."},{"startTime":245.885,"endTime":250.175,"body":"But, you know, one thing that I will"},{"startTime":245.885,"endTime":250.175,"body":"say is that in my tribe, if they"},{"startTime":250.175,"endTime":253.685,"body":"don't know an answer, one of my family"},{"startTime":250.175,"endTime":253.685,"body":"members is gonna go to someone who does."},{"startTime":253.925,"endTime":254.315,"body":"You know?"},{"startTime":254.345,"endTime":254.405,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":254.405,"endTime":256.355,"body":"And that's just how it works."},{"startTime":256.415,"endTime":263.96,"body":"I mean, you know, they'll text a cousin,"},{"startTime":256.415,"endTime":263.96,"body":"Distant cousin, or they'll text or, um,"},{"startTime":264.02,"endTime":268.25,"body":"run into someone at the store and kind of"},{"startTime":264.02,"endTime":268.25,"body":"ask them, you know, different questions"},{"startTime":268.25,"endTime":271.85,"body":"and then they'll end up relaying it back"},{"startTime":268.25,"endTime":271.85,"body":"to me in a really long phone conversation."},{"startTime":271.91,"endTime":272.0,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":272.245,"endTime":276.77,"body":", or sometimes there are documents"},{"startTime":272.245,"endTime":276.77,"body":"that, uh, we actually have, um, that"},{"startTime":276.775,"endTime":278.93,"body":"can provide that information for me."},{"startTime":279.05,"endTime":279.25,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":279.32,"endTime":281.48,"body":"So it's, it's really hard."},{"startTime":282.08,"endTime":286.86,"body":"I, every time I look something up,"},{"startTime":282.08,"endTime":286.86,"body":"like for example, Did indigenous people"},{"startTime":286.86,"endTime":289.2,"body":"have horses before the Europeans came?"},{"startTime":289.2,"endTime":293.19,"body":"That's something that if you just, let's"},{"startTime":289.2,"endTime":293.19,"body":"say if I Google it, there's like debates"},{"startTime":293.19,"endTime":296.43,"body":"over it and for me I'm like, either"},{"startTime":293.19,"endTime":296.43,"body":"something happened or didn't happen."},{"startTime":297.09,"endTime":300.36,"body":"I know , and it just seems"},{"startTime":297.09,"endTime":300.36,"body":"like it's really hard to find."},{"startTime":300.48,"endTime":302.94,"body":"It's actually, uh, that's the thing."},{"startTime":302.945,"endTime":306.719,"body":"So I mean, I will say we, if"},{"startTime":302.945,"endTime":306.719,"body":"it's something like that, the"},{"startTime":306.719,"endTime":309.3,"body":"general rule is that we don't"},{"startTime":306.719,"endTime":309.3,"body":"go by the colonizer's record."},{"startTime":309.69,"endTime":310.94,"body":"Um, at least."},{"startTime":313.215,"endTime":314.414,"body":"A lot of that information."},{"startTime":314.474,"endTime":314.565,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":314.565,"endTime":319.664,"body":"I know my friend Sarah, who is in"},{"startTime":314.565,"endTime":319.664,"body":"an article that I'm, uh, writing."},{"startTime":320.22,"endTime":326.19,"body":"Studies that she studies, um, the lineage"},{"startTime":320.22,"endTime":326.19,"body":"of horses, and we had horses before"},{"startTime":326.19,"endTime":328.23,"body":"Europeans came because of our trade route."},{"startTime":328.23,"endTime":330.27,"body":"But people once again like to deny that."},{"startTime":330.57,"endTime":333.66,"body":"So it's one of those things where"},{"startTime":330.57,"endTime":333.66,"body":"like indigenous people have been"},{"startTime":333.66,"endTime":337.26,"body":"saying this for such a long time,"},{"startTime":333.66,"endTime":337.26,"body":"and I'll believe the word over."},{"startTime":337.67,"endTime":343.025,"body":"Um, Orally passed down traditional stories"},{"startTime":337.67,"endTime":343.025,"body":"than a colonizer's history any day."},{"startTime":343.025,"endTime":343.325,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":343.325,"endTime":346.865,"body":"Because I've been double wiped"},{"startTime":343.325,"endTime":346.865,"body":"out as a triple wiped out."},{"startTime":346.87,"endTime":347.215,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":347.3,"endTime":350.045,"body":"as a bisexual black, indigenous woman."},{"startTime":350.075,"endTime":350.165,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":350.17,"endTime":352.475,"body":"I mean, where do I exist in these books?"},{"startTime":352.685,"endTime":353.375,"body":"Nowhere."},{"startTime":353.375,"endTime":354.175,"body":"Yeah, Nowhere."},{"startTime":354.635,"endTime":355.775,"body":"So did you sense that?"},{"startTime":356.534,"endTime":358.784,"body":"Lack of representation from a young age."},{"startTime":358.965,"endTime":363.195,"body":"My whole life, I, I, this is gonna"},{"startTime":358.965,"endTime":363.195,"body":"sound dramatic, but like, I mean, I"},{"startTime":363.195,"endTime":366.585,"body":"think going to a school with a lot"},{"startTime":363.195,"endTime":366.585,"body":"of white people and also just not"},{"startTime":366.585,"endTime":370.364,"body":"seeing, you know, representation of my"},{"startTime":366.585,"endTime":370.364,"body":"indigenous culture and black culture"},{"startTime":370.364,"endTime":374.145,"body":"and like, it was just really hard for"},{"startTime":370.364,"endTime":374.145,"body":"me because at times I felt like I just"},{"startTime":374.145,"endTime":375.854,"body":"wanted to be white to be more normal."},{"startTime":375.854,"endTime":379.065,"body":"And like that thought kind of like"},{"startTime":375.854,"endTime":379.065,"body":"sickens me that I was in an environment"},{"startTime":379.275,"endTime":381.705,"body":"where like I was happy, like it wasn."},{"startTime":382.44,"endTime":386.43,"body":"Anything, you know, like with my"},{"startTime":382.44,"endTime":386.43,"body":"parents or like anything like that."},{"startTime":386.43,"endTime":386.49,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":386.49,"endTime":391.44,"body":"But it was just like,"},{"startTime":386.49,"endTime":391.44,"body":"okay, I feel so different."},{"startTime":391.44,"endTime":391.97,"body":"Like mm-hmm."},{"startTime":392.055,"endTime":394.29,"body":", I just kind of wish and on so"},{"startTime":392.055,"endTime":394.29,"body":"many different levels as well."},{"startTime":394.29,"endTime":395.16,"body":"Yeah, yeah."},{"startTime":395.7,"endTime":400.35,"body":"But then even though like I always"},{"startTime":395.7,"endTime":400.35,"body":"wanted to be like more white"},{"startTime":400.355,"endTime":402.09,"body":"passing and still be indigenous."},{"startTime":402.09,"endTime":404.22,"body":"Like I wanted to look like a"},{"startTime":402.09,"endTime":404.22,"body":"white girl, but be indigenous."},{"startTime":404.28,"endTime":407.4,"body":"And I think that's just because"},{"startTime":404.28,"endTime":407.4,"body":"I felt like my life would."},{"startTime":408.36,"endTime":410.19,"body":"Easier at that point."},{"startTime":410.22,"endTime":410.31,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":410.55,"endTime":415.83,"body":". So I, I would say that, What was"},{"startTime":410.55,"endTime":415.83,"body":"the question, ? I asked, Um, like"},{"startTime":416.34,"endTime":419.13,"body":"how you felt like that lack of"},{"startTime":416.34,"endTime":419.13,"body":"representation from a young age."},{"startTime":419.135,"endTime":419.58,"body":"Shitty."},{"startTime":419.73,"endTime":420.09,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":420.27,"endTime":423.39,"body":"So it was really, really, Yeah,"},{"startTime":420.27,"endTime":423.39,"body":"it was really, really awful."},{"startTime":423.39,"endTime":423.45,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":423.45,"endTime":427.26,"body":"And then when I would get semblance of"},{"startTime":423.45,"endTime":427.26,"body":"representation, I would clinging to it."},{"startTime":427.35,"endTime":429.42,"body":"I would clinging to it so hard."},{"startTime":429.75,"endTime":432.63,"body":"So like even with Pocahontas on Disney."},{"startTime":433.77,"endTime":436.41,"body":"Terrible, terrible representation."},{"startTime":436.89,"endTime":437.88,"body":"Absolutely terrible."},{"startTime":437.88,"endTime":439.65,"body":"First of all, they aged her up."},{"startTime":439.68,"endTime":441.03,"body":"She was 12 mm."},{"startTime":441.15,"endTime":445.35,"body":"Um, Pocahontas also wasn't her name,"},{"startTime":441.15,"endTime":445.35,"body":"but I can't pronounce because I"},{"startTime":445.35,"endTime":446.49,"body":"don't speak her tribe's language."},{"startTime":446.49,"endTime":447.21,"body":"Yeah, another thing."},{"startTime":447.6,"endTime":448.62,"body":"Hundreds of languages."},{"startTime":448.68,"endTime":448.86,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":448.92,"endTime":453.12,"body":"But so, um, that was a terrible"},{"startTime":448.92,"endTime":453.12,"body":"representation of indigenous people"},{"startTime":453.12,"endTime":456.18,"body":"because they made it seem like"},{"startTime":453.12,"endTime":456.18,"body":"she fell in love with John Smith."},{"startTime":456.42,"endTime":456.72,"body":"She."},{"startTime":457.035,"endTime":462.345,"body":"Stolen at the age of 12 and was"},{"startTime":457.035,"endTime":462.345,"body":"raped and kidnapped and forced to"},{"startTime":462.35,"endTime":467.635,"body":"go to England, but I was like, Wow,"},{"startTime":462.35,"endTime":467.635,"body":"you know, she is a Disney princess."},{"startTime":467.635,"endTime":467.636,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":467.865,"endTime":470.025,"body":", that makes me feel so good."},{"startTime":470.385,"endTime":473.955,"body":"And so it's just so sad looking back to"},{"startTime":470.385,"endTime":473.955,"body":"realize like, I was her for Halloween"},{"startTime":473.955,"endTime":475.595,"body":"one year because I was like, this is."},{"startTime":476.235,"endTime":477.495,"body":"Great representation."},{"startTime":477.585,"endTime":477.735,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":478.034,"endTime":481.455,"body":". And so it just, it really"},{"startTime":478.034,"endTime":481.455,"body":"wasn't, and so I remember Yeah."},{"startTime":481.455,"endTime":484.215,"body":"But sad of the fact that there's only"},{"startTime":481.455,"endTime":484.215,"body":"was like one figure at that time."},{"startTime":484.215,"endTime":484.495,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":484.5,"endTime":486.855,"body":"I was clinging to"},{"startTime":484.5,"endTime":486.855,"body":"everything I could mm-hmm."},{"startTime":486.935,"endTime":487.735,"body":"everything I could."},{"startTime":488.205,"endTime":493.664,"body":"And it was something that, looking"},{"startTime":488.205,"endTime":493.664,"body":"back is really sad and I just"},{"startTime":493.664,"endTime":496.815,"body":"hope that my kids never have to"},{"startTime":493.664,"endTime":496.815,"body":"go through that and you know, they"},{"startTime":496.815,"endTime":498.344,"body":"will never have to go through that."},{"startTime":498.344,"endTime":502.034,"body":"I will say, have you learned about people"},{"startTime":498.344,"endTime":502.034,"body":"indigenous history that you feel like if"},{"startTime":502.034,"endTime":505.034,"body":"you had known about them at a younger age,"},{"startTime":502.034,"endTime":505.034,"body":"like that would've helped you in some."},{"startTime":506.294,"endTime":507.945,"body":"I definitely think so."},{"startTime":508.215,"endTime":516.525,"body":"Um, I think just in general more about,"},{"startTime":508.215,"endTime":516.525,"body":"that's, that's an interesting question"},{"startTime":516.525,"endTime":521.475,"body":"because I, I can't particularly pinpoint"},{"startTime":516.525,"endTime":521.475,"body":"right now who I would be thinking"},{"startTime":521.475,"endTime":526.574,"body":"of, but I think if there was that"},{"startTime":521.475,"endTime":526.574,"body":"indigenous representation of artists"},{"startTime":526.905,"endTime":529.66,"body":"and of people in general, Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":529.709,"endTime":530.88,"body":"it could have done nothing but help, so."},{"startTime":531.14,"endTime":531.459,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":532.02,"endTime":535.47,"body":". So I know something else that we"},{"startTime":532.02,"endTime":535.47,"body":"talked about before was how Catholicism"},{"startTime":535.47,"endTime":538.23,"body":"was forced onto indigenous people."},{"startTime":539.31,"endTime":540.839,"body":"just reading by your face."},{"startTime":541.14,"endTime":543.12,"body":"I can't tell if you really"},{"startTime":541.14,"endTime":543.12,"body":"wanna talk about that or not."},{"startTime":543.12,"endTime":546.51,"body":"No, I definitely do bring it up."},{"startTime":546.51,"endTime":546.54,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":547.8,"endTime":552.839,"body":", well, can you explain, um, just"},{"startTime":547.8,"endTime":552.839,"body":"from your knowledge of how."},{"startTime":553.5,"endTime":556.05,"body":"That has impacted just your tribe?"},{"startTime":556.65,"endTime":561.87,"body":"This is one of my favorite topics"},{"startTime":556.65,"endTime":561.87,"body":"because it actually irritates me so much."},{"startTime":561.875,"endTime":562.06,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":562.145,"endTime":565.89,"body":". So, um, I was born and raised Catholic."},{"startTime":566.04,"endTime":569.25,"body":"Um, I was so religious as a child."},{"startTime":569.25,"endTime":571.199,"body":"My mother thought I was going to be a nun."},{"startTime":571.56,"endTime":573.21,"body":"Um, not the lyric."},{"startTime":573.21,"endTime":574.22,"body":"I know . Yes."},{"startTime":575.43,"endTime":575.819,"body":". Yeah."},{"startTime":575.819,"endTime":578.22,"body":"She likes to bring that back"},{"startTime":575.819,"endTime":578.22,"body":"and was like, I don't know."},{"startTime":578.22,"endTime":581.939,"body":"What I was thinking wasn't"},{"startTime":578.22,"endTime":581.939,"body":"me , I don't know who she was."},{"startTime":582.24,"endTime":584.64,"body":"And so it's so funny because."},{"startTime":585.209,"endTime":588.6,"body":"When I was little, I used to"},{"startTime":585.209,"endTime":588.6,"body":"get in trouble at Catholic"},{"startTime":588.6,"endTime":591.12,"body":"school for questioning things."},{"startTime":591.54,"endTime":595.439,"body":"Um, I remember questioning if"},{"startTime":591.54,"endTime":595.439,"body":"Adam and Eve were here first,"},{"startTime":595.74,"endTime":597.42,"body":"then why were there dinosaurs?"},{"startTime":597.78,"endTime":600.18,"body":"Um, and my mom was like,"},{"startTime":597.78,"endTime":600.18,"body":"Why is she in trouble?"},{"startTime":600.18,"endTime":600.839,"body":"She's right."},{"startTime":600.87,"endTime":602.67,"body":"Like she, I mean, she has a point."},{"startTime":602.699,"endTime":602.969,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":603.03,"endTime":609.66,"body":"And so from there it just kind"},{"startTime":603.03,"endTime":609.66,"body":"of always led me to be like, , Is"},{"startTime":609.75,"endTime":611.52,"body":"this what I should be doing?"},{"startTime":611.79,"endTime":611.88,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":612.335,"endTime":615.06,"body":", it just didn't, It's frustrating that I"},{"startTime":612.335,"endTime":615.06,"body":"think just for someone to tell a child"},{"startTime":615.06,"endTime":616.53,"body":"like you shouldn't be asking questions."},{"startTime":616.56,"endTime":617.61,"body":"Yeah, exactly."},{"startTime":617.61,"endTime":618.36,"body":"Exactly."},{"startTime":618.72,"endTime":622.26,"body":"And so one way I will say this has"},{"startTime":618.72,"endTime":622.26,"body":"affected my tribe is because we"},{"startTime":622.26,"endTime":626.21,"body":"actually have one of the oldest"},{"startTime":622.26,"endTime":626.21,"body":"churches in the United States on our"},{"startTime":626.46,"endTime":630.48,"body":"reservation, and it's like made out of"},{"startTime":626.46,"endTime":630.48,"body":"wood and it's dusty, it's beautiful."},{"startTime":631.425,"endTime":633.855,"body":"For this, I'm just gonna say"},{"startTime":631.425,"endTime":633.855,"body":"Dusty, because like it is a"},{"startTime":633.855,"endTime":635.295,"body":"Catholic church on a reservation."},{"startTime":635.3,"endTime":635.435,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":635.515,"endTime":636.395,"body":"where it was literally forced."},{"startTime":636.395,"endTime":636.995,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":637.035,"endTime":641.475,"body":". So, um, one thing that's really"},{"startTime":637.035,"endTime":641.475,"body":"interesting is that my family"},{"startTime":641.475,"endTime":645.944,"body":"is very Catholic and that's"},{"startTime":641.475,"endTime":645.944,"body":"because we were forced to be."},{"startTime":646.334,"endTime":649.905,"body":"And so on My reservation, not only"},{"startTime":646.334,"endTime":649.905,"body":"do we have that old church that is no"},{"startTime":649.905,"endTime":653.505,"body":"longer in use, we have another church"},{"startTime":649.905,"endTime":653.505,"body":"that was newly built and in this"},{"startTime":653.505,"endTime":660.645,"body":"church they incorporate, um,  typical"},{"startTime":653.505,"endTime":660.645,"body":"traditions of OK Winge and Catholicism."},{"startTime":660.855,"endTime":663.375,"body":"So during church we have tribal drums."},{"startTime":663.675,"endTime":669.765,"body":"We say prayers in Spanish, a little"},{"startTime":663.675,"endTime":669.765,"body":"bit in Tawa and also English."},{"startTime":670.155,"endTime":677.295,"body":"And then, um, funerals are also Catholic"},{"startTime":670.155,"endTime":677.295,"body":"funerals mixed with traditional elements."},{"startTime":677.505,"endTime":682.305,"body":"So it's, it's something where they"},{"startTime":677.505,"endTime":682.305,"body":"try to blend the culture mm-hmm."},{"startTime":682.58,"endTime":683.955,"body":"to, to keep it alive."},{"startTime":684.645,"endTime":686.745,"body":"It feels watered down to me."},{"startTime":686.745,"endTime":691.845,"body":"Do you feel like funerals are a"},{"startTime":686.745,"endTime":691.845,"body":"big part of your tribe's culture?"},{"startTime":691.845,"endTime":693.555,"body":"Like you do it a very specific way Yes."},{"startTime":693.56,"endTime":696.855,"body":"Compared to how Catholics"},{"startTime":693.56,"endTime":696.855,"body":"would Yes, very much so."},{"startTime":696.855,"endTime":701.295,"body":"I'm one night that that"},{"startTime":696.855,"endTime":701.295,"body":"passed in, um, July."},{"startTime":701.835,"endTime":703.275,"body":"I think I said June,"},{"startTime":701.835,"endTime":703.275,"body":"but it was definitely."},{"startTime":706.185,"endTime":713.205,"body":"The summer, um, , he, we definitely"},{"startTime":706.185,"endTime":713.205,"body":"had, uh, a lot of traditions that"},{"startTime":713.205,"endTime":716.595,"body":"are purely rooted in, um, Okay."},{"startTime":716.595,"endTime":717.555,"body":"Wayne Gay fashion."},{"startTime":717.555,"endTime":721.905,"body":"And that funeral and everything"},{"startTime":717.555,"endTime":721.905,"body":"that happened lasted eight days."},{"startTime":721.905,"endTime":721.965,"body":"Wow."},{"startTime":721.995,"endTime":724.875,"body":"And we still have not"},{"startTime":721.995,"endTime":724.875,"body":"finished it completely."},{"startTime":724.875,"endTime":729.585,"body":"My grandma is actually going back,"},{"startTime":724.875,"endTime":729.585,"body":"um, at the end of June to finish."},{"startTime":729.949,"endTime":730.43,"body":"The funeral."},{"startTime":730.43,"endTime":731.3,"body":"So a whole year later?"},{"startTime":731.329,"endTime":732.41,"body":"Yeah, a whole year later."},{"startTime":732.41,"endTime":736.28,"body":"So, and then in there we also"},{"startTime":732.41,"endTime":736.28,"body":"have Catholic elements too."},{"startTime":736.31,"endTime":739.849,"body":"So it's really, it's really"},{"startTime":736.31,"endTime":739.849,"body":"difficult, I would say, to keep"},{"startTime":739.849,"endTime":741.439,"body":"it all, to keep it all balanced."},{"startTime":741.469,"endTime":745.28,"body":"And so one thing that I noticed was"},{"startTime":741.469,"endTime":745.28,"body":"that this was far less depressing"},{"startTime":745.28,"endTime":747.525,"body":"and it was, Way more communal."},{"startTime":747.795,"endTime":752.925,"body":"And it was def, it was also the first,"},{"startTime":747.795,"endTime":752.925,"body":"um, funeral I've been able to attend"},{"startTime":752.925,"endTime":755.655,"body":"back home on the reservation just"},{"startTime":752.925,"endTime":755.655,"body":"because flights are really expensive"},{"startTime":755.655,"endTime":757.005,"body":"and I come from a poor family."},{"startTime":757.064,"endTime":760.635,"body":"Um, so it's really hard to get back"},{"startTime":757.064,"endTime":760.635,"body":"there, especially if it's all of us."},{"startTime":760.635,"endTime":763.245,"body":"I actually, um, bought"},{"startTime":760.635,"endTime":763.245,"body":"my own plane ticket home."},{"startTime":763.245,"endTime":766.995,"body":"I was working my first real"},{"startTime":763.245,"endTime":766.995,"body":"reporting job and I was saving money."},{"startTime":767.065,"endTime":771.835,"body":"Since I started it because I knew my was"},{"startTime":767.065,"endTime":771.835,"body":"old, I knew, I just felt like I have to"},{"startTime":771.835,"endTime":775.585,"body":"start saving because I know my mom won't"},{"startTime":771.835,"endTime":775.585,"body":"be able to afford to take me and her, or"},{"startTime":775.585,"endTime":778.375,"body":"like my brothers and sisters down there,"},{"startTime":775.585,"endTime":778.375,"body":"and I wanna make sure I can get there."},{"startTime":778.555,"endTime":781.525,"body":"So I've been saving money, I've"},{"startTime":778.555,"endTime":781.525,"body":"been saving money, and I went."},{"startTime":781.945,"endTime":784.975,"body":"Um, so it's one of those things"},{"startTime":781.945,"endTime":784.975,"body":"where like every experience I have"},{"startTime":784.975,"endTime":790.405,"body":"there is really important and rich"},{"startTime":784.975,"endTime":790.405,"body":"because it's difficult to get there."},{"startTime":790.465,"endTime":790.705,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":791.245,"endTime":796.92,"body":", uh, for me anyways, but, Catholicism"},{"startTime":791.245,"endTime":796.92,"body":"has affected us in, in every aspect."},{"startTime":796.98,"endTime":801.27,"body":"Um, we have a traditional feast"},{"startTime":796.98,"endTime":801.27,"body":"day coming up where we, um,"},{"startTime":801.36,"endTime":802.8,"body":"do dances in the play blow."},{"startTime":802.8,"endTime":805.95,"body":"We do the buffalo dance and the"},{"startTime":802.8,"endTime":805.95,"body":"command she dance and everyone on"},{"startTime":805.95,"endTime":809.13,"body":"the reservation who's able to and"},{"startTime":805.95,"endTime":809.13,"body":"has received water, which is, um,"},{"startTime":809.189,"endTime":811.77,"body":"an initiation, uh, is able to dance."},{"startTime":811.77,"endTime":815.01,"body":"And you dance in the s and you the, I"},{"startTime":811.77,"endTime":815.01,"body":"mean, throughout the streets, the play,"},{"startTime":815.49,"endTime":821.07,"body":"and you feast in each other's houses and"},{"startTime":815.49,"endTime":821.07,"body":"it's the most wonderful time of year."},{"startTime":821.07,"endTime":822.03,"body":"It's amazing."},{"startTime":822.03,"endTime":822.689,"body":"It actually."},{"startTime":823.66,"endTime":824.11,"body":"Wow."},{"startTime":824.23,"endTime":825.1,"body":"It's the best."},{"startTime":825.16,"endTime":832.36,"body":"And I think something that really"},{"startTime":825.16,"endTime":832.36,"body":"bugged me and still does is that when"},{"startTime":832.81,"endTime":838.39,"body":"you're feasting and you have this rich"},{"startTime":832.81,"endTime":838.39,"body":"indigenous culture, Catholicism is just"},{"startTime":838.48,"endTime":843.43,"body":"wiggling its way into there because"},{"startTime":838.48,"endTime":843.43,"body":"they take a saint, like a statue of"},{"startTime":843.43,"endTime":847.3,"body":"a saint and bring it from house to"},{"startTime":843.43,"endTime":847.3,"body":"house and everyone like pins money to"},{"startTime":847.3,"endTime":848.8,"body":"the saint and it goes to the church."},{"startTime":849.555,"endTime":850.815,"body":"I don't want you here."},{"startTime":850.995,"endTime":851.535,"body":"like, Yeah."},{"startTime":851.535,"endTime":855.375,"body":"It just, it's something that, you"},{"startTime":851.535,"endTime":855.375,"body":"know, the Catholic church once again"},{"startTime":855.375,"endTime":860.235,"body":"did to raise money for the church,"},{"startTime":855.375,"endTime":860.235,"body":"like on our land, and it's just so"},{"startTime":860.235,"endTime":863.775,"body":"frustrating because you can't even"},{"startTime":860.235,"endTime":863.775,"body":"have a single holiday without it."},{"startTime":863.955,"endTime":864.015,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":864.375,"endTime":868.995,"body":"So at what age did you, cuz you said"},{"startTime":864.375,"endTime":868.995,"body":"you were very religious and into that."},{"startTime":868.995,"endTime":869.195,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":869.2,"endTime":870.855,"body":"So at what age did that change?"},{"startTime":871.995,"endTime":872.655,"body":"Ooh."},{"startTime":872.955,"endTime":878.595,"body":"I would probably say around,"},{"startTime":872.955,"endTime":878.595,"body":". Ooh, that's really hard."},{"startTime":878.595,"endTime":880.605,"body":"I feel like I always have"},{"startTime":878.595,"endTime":880.605,"body":"this internal battle, right?"},{"startTime":880.605,"endTime":880.695,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":881.175,"endTime":884.835,"body":", and I think going to Catholic school"},{"startTime":881.175,"endTime":884.835,"body":"perpetuated it for so much longer."},{"startTime":884.895,"endTime":886.815,"body":"I definitely feel like when"},{"startTime":884.895,"endTime":886.815,"body":"I got to public school, I"},{"startTime":886.82,"endTime":888.135,"body":"was like, This isn't for me."},{"startTime":888.165,"endTime":888.255,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":888.495,"endTime":891.465,"body":", And I felt free of the grips of"},{"startTime":888.495,"endTime":891.465,"body":"Catholicism because I wasn't."},{"startTime":891.505,"endTime":893.575,"body":"Forced to go to church two times a week."},{"startTime":893.575,"endTime":893.665,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":893.905,"endTime":897.775,"body":", I wasn't forced to have a religion"},{"startTime":893.905,"endTime":897.775,"body":"class and pray all the time."},{"startTime":897.78,"endTime":901.525,"body":"You know, I could kind of like"},{"startTime":897.78,"endTime":901.525,"body":"really think for myself mm-hmm."},{"startTime":901.77,"endTime":904.195,"body":", um, I really feel like Catholic"},{"startTime":901.77,"endTime":904.195,"body":"school doesn't allow you to do that."},{"startTime":904.195,"endTime":908.635,"body":"And so I would say I really started"},{"startTime":904.195,"endTime":908.635,"body":"having my doubts pretty young."},{"startTime":908.665,"endTime":908.755,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":909.0,"endTime":915.235,"body":", but I don't think I really"},{"startTime":909.0,"endTime":915.235,"body":"started until freshman year."},{"startTime":916.875,"endTime":917.595,"body":"High school."},{"startTime":917.655,"endTime":917.685,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":917.685,"endTime":922.425,"body":"And I would say that's because in about"},{"startTime":917.685,"endTime":922.425,"body":"sixth or seventh grade, I still have"},{"startTime":922.425,"endTime":925.965,"body":"those thoughts, but eighth grade's your"},{"startTime":922.425,"endTime":925.965,"body":"big year, eighth grade is where you make"},{"startTime":925.965,"endTime":930.225,"body":"your confirmation and you choose whether"},{"startTime":925.965,"endTime":930.225,"body":"or not you wanna go to a Catholic school."},{"startTime":930.465,"endTime":934.245,"body":"Eighth grade was the year where my"},{"startTime":930.465,"endTime":934.245,"body":"family told me that my chaya's favorite"},{"startTime":934.25,"endTime":936.885,"body":"saint was an indigenous saint named St."},{"startTime":936.885,"endTime":938.115,"body":"Catherine Teca Witha."},{"startTime":938.415,"endTime":940.905,"body":"And she, you know, I should take her name."},{"startTime":940.905,"endTime":942.584,"body":"She was an indigenous patron saint."},{"startTime":943.98,"endTime":947.34,"body":"You know, I was like, Wow, like this"},{"startTime":943.98,"endTime":947.34,"body":"would make my say yeah, really happy."},{"startTime":947.4,"endTime":947.819,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":947.85,"endTime":951.6,"body":"And so, you know, it,"},{"startTime":947.85,"endTime":951.6,"body":"I got sucked back in."},{"startTime":951.6,"endTime":954.99,"body":"So does it get, Was it confusing"},{"startTime":951.6,"endTime":954.99,"body":"then, and does it still get confusing"},{"startTime":954.99,"endTime":959.189,"body":"about how much you participate really"},{"startTime":954.99,"endTime":959.189,"body":"in Catholicism because it's still"},{"startTime":959.189,"endTime":961.319,"body":"kind of embedded in your culture?"},{"startTime":961.53,"endTime":963.36,"body":"Yeah, no, it definitely does."},{"startTime":963.36,"endTime":968.76,"body":"I know there are aspects of my grandpa's"},{"startTime":963.36,"endTime":968.76,"body":"funeral and of the days leading up to"},{"startTime":968.76,"endTime":973.26,"body":"it where I did not want to really be."},{"startTime":973.725,"endTime":976.365,"body":"Associated with what was going on."},{"startTime":976.365,"endTime":979.005,"body":"But I knew it would make him happy"},{"startTime":976.365,"endTime":979.005,"body":"because he was a devout Catholic."},{"startTime":979.005,"endTime":979.215,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":979.405,"endTime":983.085,"body":"mys a devout Catholic, my mom Catholic."},{"startTime":983.595,"endTime":987.105,"body":"So it was just one of those things"},{"startTime":983.595,"endTime":987.105,"body":"where I feel like I'm always gonna"},{"startTime":987.105,"endTime":993.645,"body":"be teetering just because my family"},{"startTime":987.105,"endTime":993.645,"body":"is in the clutches of Catholicism."},{"startTime":993.645,"endTime":993.735,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":994.245,"endTime":996.795,"body":". And you know, while I think it."},{"startTime":997.86,"endTime":1000.65,"body":"A religion that everyone"},{"startTime":997.86,"endTime":1000.65,"body":"has the right to practice."},{"startTime":1000.65,"endTime":1003.26,"body":"I think it's done so"},{"startTime":1000.65,"endTime":1003.26,"body":"much damage to my people."},{"startTime":1003.65,"endTime":1004.64,"body":"Um mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1005.99,"endTime":1009.71,"body":"of okay, Awan gay, but also just my"},{"startTime":1005.99,"endTime":1009.71,"body":"brothers and sisters and like other"},{"startTime":1009.71,"endTime":1012.92,"body":"indigenous people that I just can't"},{"startTime":1009.71,"endTime":1012.92,"body":"get behind a religion that just"},{"startTime":1012.92,"endTime":1016.31,"body":"refuses to discuss what they've done."},{"startTime":1016.34,"endTime":1021.17,"body":"I mean, we hear about the residential"},{"startTime":1016.34,"endTime":1021.17,"body":"schools, Those were all Catholic schools."},{"startTime":1021.62,"endTime":1025.28,"body":"Um, so imagine my grandma"},{"startTime":1021.62,"endTime":1025.28,"body":"getting beaten, right?"},{"startTime":1025.579,"endTime":1030.005,"body":"But she, you know, Say she wasn't"},{"startTime":1025.579,"endTime":1030.005,"body":"able to go home like she did"},{"startTime":1030.005,"endTime":1031.355,"body":"every night to my grandparents."},{"startTime":1031.359,"endTime":1031.535,"body":"Right, Right."},{"startTime":1031.535,"endTime":1034.325,"body":"Like she, if she was stuck at a"},{"startTime":1031.535,"endTime":1034.325,"body":"residential school, she would've been"},{"startTime":1035.075,"endTime":1037.025,"body":"and could have been beaten to death."},{"startTime":1037.505,"endTime":1040.835,"body":"So, and this is something else too,"},{"startTime":1037.505,"endTime":1040.835,"body":"where I feel like if I look that up,"},{"startTime":1041.165,"endTime":1042.694,"body":"they all say Indian boarding schools."},{"startTime":1042.694,"endTime":1043.444,"body":"Is that what you're referring to?"},{"startTime":1043.444,"endTime":1045.444,"body":"Is that It's another thing where, Yep."},{"startTime":1045.605,"endTime":1049.565,"body":"Indian boarding schools and residential"},{"startTime":1045.605,"endTime":1049.565,"body":"schools really decimated culture."},{"startTime":1049.939,"endTime":1053.21,"body":"I asked Joshua about the history of"},{"startTime":1049.939,"endTime":1053.21,"body":"what occurred at these boarding schools."},{"startTime":1053.54,"endTime":1057.86,"body":"So essentially what had happened was,"},{"startTime":1053.54,"endTime":1057.86,"body":"you know, early on and, and we're"},{"startTime":1057.86,"endTime":1064.04,"body":"talking about the 1880s, um, and part"},{"startTime":1057.86,"endTime":1064.04,"body":"of that, uh, you know, um, assimilation"},{"startTime":1064.04,"endTime":1069.5,"body":"process, children were removed from"},{"startTime":1064.04,"endTime":1069.5,"body":"their homes to go to boarding school."},{"startTime":1069.889,"endTime":1073.79,"body":"And so one of the things that"},{"startTime":1069.889,"endTime":1073.79,"body":"I talked about earlier was, um,"},{"startTime":1073.939,"endTime":1079.399,"body":"some of those families in order"},{"startTime":1073.939,"endTime":1079.399,"body":"to get the, uh, uh, bureau."},{"startTime":1079.82,"endTime":1082.91,"body":"Of Indian Affairs to"},{"startTime":1079.82,"endTime":1082.91,"body":"release the rations to them."},{"startTime":1082.94,"endTime":1088.1,"body":"They had to send their kids to boarding"},{"startTime":1082.94,"endTime":1088.1,"body":"school so they couldn't get the food."},{"startTime":1088.73,"endTime":1090.68,"body":"If they didn't send their"},{"startTime":1088.73,"endTime":1090.68,"body":"kids to boarding school."},{"startTime":1090.68,"endTime":1092.63,"body":"So you're gonna hear"},{"startTime":1090.68,"endTime":1092.63,"body":"more stories about that."},{"startTime":1092.63,"endTime":1096.86,"body":"And this was a, that period"},{"startTime":1092.63,"endTime":1096.86,"body":"between the 1880s, um, and,"},{"startTime":1096.89,"endTime":1099.8,"body":"you know, 1920s, 1930s mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1100.13,"endTime":1101.3,"body":", um, where they were."},{"startTime":1101.36,"endTime":1103.16,"body":"And some of them were forcibly removed."},{"startTime":1103.58,"endTime":1108.38,"body":"Um, but there was a, uh, you know,"},{"startTime":1103.58,"endTime":1108.38,"body":"uh, deculturalization process."},{"startTime":1108.905,"endTime":1112.895,"body":"Uh, brutalize, brutalizing, um,"},{"startTime":1108.905,"endTime":1112.895,"body":"stories that are going to come out."},{"startTime":1113.315,"endTime":1118.625,"body":"Um, and just, you know, some of the"},{"startTime":1113.315,"endTime":1118.625,"body":"darkest, probably times for Indian people."},{"startTime":1118.895,"endTime":1122.795,"body":"Um, um, a a lot of stories"},{"startTime":1118.895,"endTime":1122.795,"body":"of, um, probably torture."},{"startTime":1122.915,"endTime":1123.004,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1123.25,"endTime":1126.155,"body":", you know, of, of, of, of physical abuse."},{"startTime":1126.764,"endTime":1130.355,"body":"The mental abuse, the psychological"},{"startTime":1126.764,"endTime":1130.355,"body":"abuse, cuz we're talking about kids"},{"startTime":1130.355,"endTime":1134.705,"body":"as young as four or five and six years"},{"startTime":1130.355,"endTime":1134.705,"body":"old being sent hundreds of miles away."},{"startTime":1135.035,"endTime":1137.945,"body":"From their parents for months at a time."},{"startTime":1137.975,"endTime":1138.065,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1138.305,"endTime":1141.635,"body":", you know, and forced into"},{"startTime":1138.305,"endTime":1141.635,"body":"these boarding school programs."},{"startTime":1141.845,"endTime":1143.495,"body":"Um, so I wanted to go back really quickly."},{"startTime":1143.495,"endTime":1146.795,"body":"One thing you said stood out to me"},{"startTime":1143.495,"endTime":1146.795,"body":"with the boarding schools, as you"},{"startTime":1146.795,"endTime":1149.465,"body":"said, the deculturalization process."},{"startTime":1149.465,"endTime":1153.065,"body":"Can you tell me what that really means?"},{"startTime":1153.605,"endTime":1154.115,"body":"Sure."},{"startTime":1154.415,"endTime":1159.515,"body":"So, um, when these, uh, these kids"},{"startTime":1154.415,"endTime":1159.515,"body":"were moved to their new, to, uh, the"},{"startTime":1159.515,"endTime":1163.475,"body":"boarding school, um, they weren't"},{"startTime":1159.515,"endTime":1163.475,"body":"allowed to speak their language."},{"startTime":1164.27,"endTime":1169.879,"body":"Um, oftentimes they had their haircut,"},{"startTime":1164.27,"endTime":1169.879,"body":"um, and they were, uh, dressed."},{"startTime":1170.254,"endTime":1173.014,"body":"You know, they were, they were stripped"},{"startTime":1170.254,"endTime":1173.014,"body":"of their clothing and they were"},{"startTime":1173.014,"endTime":1177.935,"body":"dressed in more, um, uh, you know,"},{"startTime":1173.014,"endTime":1177.935,"body":"of the school's fatigues, whether"},{"startTime":1177.935,"endTime":1182.495,"body":"you know, and, and if you look up,"},{"startTime":1177.935,"endTime":1182.495,"body":"um, boarding school pictures, you'll"},{"startTime":1182.495,"endTime":1184.774,"body":"start to see some side by side photos."},{"startTime":1185.355,"endTime":1190.305,"body":"Of what the child looked like when they"},{"startTime":1185.355,"endTime":1190.305,"body":"arrived versus, uh, when they left."},{"startTime":1190.515,"endTime":1194.385,"body":"And, you know, and, and it's a stark"},{"startTime":1190.515,"endTime":1194.385,"body":"contrast because, uh, language,"},{"startTime":1194.445,"endTime":1197.385,"body":"you know, is one of your first"},{"startTime":1194.445,"endTime":1197.385,"body":"things you learn as a kid, right?"},{"startTime":1197.775,"endTime":1201.945,"body":"Um, so some of these kids that"},{"startTime":1197.775,"endTime":1201.945,"body":"weren't allowed to speak their"},{"startTime":1201.945,"endTime":1207.735,"body":"language, if they did, they were"},{"startTime":1201.945,"endTime":1207.735,"body":"beaten, you know, they were tortured."},{"startTime":1207.855,"endTime":1213.585,"body":"Um, there are stories about kids getting"},{"startTime":1207.855,"endTime":1213.585,"body":"their, uh, tongues pierced with Reed."},{"startTime":1214.685,"endTime":1217.055,"body":"Um, because they were"},{"startTime":1214.685,"endTime":1217.055,"body":"speaking their language."},{"startTime":1217.535,"endTime":1221.525,"body":"And I can tell you, uh, personally,"},{"startTime":1217.535,"endTime":1221.525,"body":"um, when I was younger, you know,"},{"startTime":1221.525,"endTime":1225.125,"body":"in my early twenties, I had my"},{"startTime":1221.525,"endTime":1225.125,"body":"tongue pierced, you know, and it"},{"startTime":1225.125,"endTime":1229.205,"body":"was, you know, probably largely,"},{"startTime":1225.125,"endTime":1229.205,"body":"uh, for a vanity, um, type of deal."},{"startTime":1229.205,"endTime":1234.245,"body":"But I will never forget the"},{"startTime":1229.205,"endTime":1234.245,"body":"pain that, that I had for that."},{"startTime":1234.365,"endTime":1236.825,"body":"And that was just one"},{"startTime":1234.365,"endTime":1236.825,"body":"professional piercing."},{"startTime":1237.8,"endTime":1242.84,"body":"And the pain that I had for days"},{"startTime":1237.8,"endTime":1242.84,"body":"afterwards with my tongue swollen, the"},{"startTime":1242.84,"endTime":1248.0,"body":"inability to eat food, um, inability"},{"startTime":1242.84,"endTime":1248.0,"body":"to talk, you know, the discomfort that"},{"startTime":1248.0,"endTime":1250.43,"body":"I had from that one single piercing."},{"startTime":1251.09,"endTime":1255.98,"body":"And the stories about native"},{"startTime":1251.09,"endTime":1255.98,"body":"kids that were, had their tongues"},{"startTime":1255.98,"endTime":1261.2,"body":"pierced involuntary, voluntarily,"},{"startTime":1255.98,"endTime":1261.2,"body":"multiple times, and they were"},{"startTime":1262.01,"endTime":1264.53,"body":"so young, you know, so little."},{"startTime":1265.415,"endTime":1270.155,"body":"You can imagine how much they"},{"startTime":1265.415,"endTime":1270.155,"body":"would start to resent themselves."},{"startTime":1270.425,"endTime":1270.515,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1270.754,"endTime":1275.615,"body":"their language, who they were and"},{"startTime":1270.754,"endTime":1275.615,"body":"question everything about themselves."},{"startTime":1275.645,"endTime":1275.735,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1276.065,"endTime":1280.775,"body":". Um, and so these kids weren't allowed"},{"startTime":1276.065,"endTime":1280.775,"body":"to speak with their peers that were,"},{"startTime":1280.78,"endTime":1284.405,"body":"if they might have had a brother and"},{"startTime":1280.78,"endTime":1284.405,"body":"sister at the school, if they did,"},{"startTime":1284.525,"endTime":1289.025,"body":"um, they could get in a huge amount"},{"startTime":1284.525,"endTime":1289.025,"body":"of trouble, um, and be a beaten star."},{"startTime":1289.85,"endTime":1290.99,"body":"Those types of things."},{"startTime":1290.99,"endTime":1296.84,"body":"And so it was really brutal, you know, for"},{"startTime":1290.99,"endTime":1296.84,"body":"that to happen because that's a, that's"},{"startTime":1296.84,"endTime":1301.19,"body":"not how you treat kids, but b, that's"},{"startTime":1296.84,"endTime":1301.19,"body":"not how they would ever have been treated"},{"startTime":1301.43,"endTime":1303.23,"body":"if they were at home with their family."},{"startTime":1303.32,"endTime":1303.41,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1303.74,"endTime":1307.48,"body":", you know, So that part of, of stripping"},{"startTime":1303.74,"endTime":1307.48,"body":"away the culture, everything, you know."},{"startTime":1308.175,"endTime":1313.064,"body":"Changes everybody, you know, changes"},{"startTime":1308.175,"endTime":1313.064,"body":"the rules, change your day to"},{"startTime":1313.064,"endTime":1317.445,"body":"day processes, change what you're"},{"startTime":1313.064,"endTime":1317.445,"body":"being required to learn changes."},{"startTime":1317.564,"endTime":1317.655,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1318.044,"endTime":1322.064,"body":". And then you have, you're in school for,"},{"startTime":1318.044,"endTime":1322.064,"body":"you know, your semester, your three, four"},{"startTime":1322.07,"endTime":1327.975,"body":"months, and maybe you get to go home,"},{"startTime":1322.07,"endTime":1327.975,"body":"you know, you, you become very lost."},{"startTime":1328.455,"endTime":1331.91,"body":"You know, because when you get"},{"startTime":1328.455,"endTime":1331.91,"body":"back, You've been away from that"},{"startTime":1331.91,"endTime":1334.82,"body":"and you've almost been taught"},{"startTime":1331.91,"endTime":1334.82,"body":"to hate that or to resent that."},{"startTime":1334.85,"endTime":1335.46,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1335.545,"endTime":1340.22,"body":", it's hard to, you know, get"},{"startTime":1335.545,"endTime":1340.22,"body":"back into the groove of that."},{"startTime":1340.58,"endTime":1342.95,"body":"Um, that it's a loving society."},{"startTime":1343.22,"endTime":1346.52,"body":"You know that your family loves"},{"startTime":1343.22,"endTime":1346.52,"body":"you, they wanna protect you."},{"startTime":1346.7,"endTime":1348.82,"body":"Well then why are you"},{"startTime":1346.7,"endTime":1348.82,"body":"sending me away to school?"},{"startTime":1349.47,"endTime":1353.16,"body":"You know, why are you sending me to"},{"startTime":1349.47,"endTime":1353.16,"body":"a place that does these things to me?"},{"startTime":1353.61,"endTime":1359.7,"body":"And so it's really this, um, you know, a"},{"startTime":1353.61,"endTime":1359.7,"body":"mental, uh, uh, you know, beat down, uh,"},{"startTime":1359.705,"endTime":1361.56,"body":"that the kids would've experienced too."},{"startTime":1361.56,"endTime":1366.09,"body":"And that's, that's deculturalization,"},{"startTime":1361.56,"endTime":1366.09,"body":"you know, that stripping away everything,"},{"startTime":1366.75,"endTime":1373.02,"body":"um, you know, new have known as in,"},{"startTime":1366.75,"endTime":1373.02,"body":"in inherently, you know, in your dna."},{"startTime":1373.5,"endTime":1376.44,"body":"And, um, trying to"},{"startTime":1373.5,"endTime":1376.44,"body":"replace it and assimilate."},{"startTime":1377.149,"endTime":1379.129,"body":"Into something completely foreign."},{"startTime":1379.31,"endTime":1380.78,"body":"Let's fast forward to today."},{"startTime":1381.71,"endTime":1386.27,"body":"You talk about, um, ACEs like,"},{"startTime":1381.71,"endTime":1386.27,"body":"um, adverse childhood experience."},{"startTime":1386.72,"endTime":1391.1,"body":"There are these, there's a new, uh,"},{"startTime":1386.72,"endTime":1391.1,"body":"newer test that was developed and you"},{"startTime":1391.1,"endTime":1397.22,"body":"can score, uh, based on, uh, you know,"},{"startTime":1391.1,"endTime":1397.22,"body":"one to 10 in your questions based on your"},{"startTime":1397.22,"endTime":1401.72,"body":"experience with these, Uh, you know, read"},{"startTime":1397.22,"endTime":1401.72,"body":"the questions, yes or no, you get a point."},{"startTime":1402.905,"endTime":1410.225,"body":"If you, if you replaced some of those"},{"startTime":1402.905,"endTime":1410.225,"body":"questions and applied them to, Indian"},{"startTime":1410.225,"endTime":1413.945,"body":"country went through what natives went"},{"startTime":1410.225,"endTime":1413.945,"body":"through with the boarding school era."},{"startTime":1414.485,"endTime":1416.845,"body":"It is highly a traumatic experience."},{"startTime":1417.515,"endTime":1423.395,"body":"And from that, ACEs have shown higher"},{"startTime":1417.515,"endTime":1423.395,"body":"rates of unemployment, higher rates"},{"startTime":1423.395,"endTime":1428.945,"body":"of health problems, higher rates"},{"startTime":1423.395,"endTime":1428.945,"body":"of, of, of anything you can imagine"},{"startTime":1429.095,"endTime":1435.095,"body":"joblessness, you know, of, uh, uh, you"},{"startTime":1429.095,"endTime":1435.095,"body":"know, uh, uh, uh, alcoholism, you know,"},{"startTime":1435.365,"endTime":1438.335,"body":"everything that is damaging to society."},{"startTime":1438.92,"endTime":1443.56,"body":"Are rated very high with those ACEs"},{"startTime":1438.92,"endTime":1443.56,"body":"score, I think they would be mirrored."},{"startTime":1444.23,"endTime":1447.86,"body":"With a score from people that"},{"startTime":1444.23,"endTime":1447.86,"body":"had attended boarding schools."},{"startTime":1448.22,"endTime":1452.51,"body":"And so then it's an intergenerational"},{"startTime":1448.22,"endTime":1452.51,"body":"experience where it's not just that"},{"startTime":1452.51,"endTime":1457.34,"body":"person, you know, because then that"},{"startTime":1452.51,"endTime":1457.34,"body":"person goes and has a family and, and"},{"startTime":1457.34,"endTime":1459.71,"body":"then they have, uh, more family members."},{"startTime":1460.04,"endTime":1462.23,"body":"And so it's intergenerational trauma."},{"startTime":1462.235,"endTime":1462.32,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1462.71,"endTime":1463.99,"body":"that gets passed down."},{"startTime":1464.455,"endTime":1468.295,"body":"And now that's, That's why we"},{"startTime":1464.455,"endTime":1468.295,"body":"have this, a new generation now"},{"startTime":1468.295,"endTime":1470.125,"body":"that's full of hope, you know?"},{"startTime":1470.125,"endTime":1475.405,"body":"And there's full of resiliency that"},{"startTime":1470.125,"endTime":1475.405,"body":"we still have and food reclamation,"},{"startTime":1475.675,"endTime":1478.885,"body":"you know, And being able to say,"},{"startTime":1475.675,"endTime":1478.885,"body":"You know, that's not our way."},{"startTime":1479.155,"endTime":1480.595,"body":"Our violence isn't our way."},{"startTime":1480.595,"endTime":1482.365,"body":"We're going to do this differently."},{"startTime":1482.37,"endTime":1486.625,"body":"Joshua also told me about the Indian"},{"startTime":1482.37,"endTime":1486.625,"body":"Child Welfare Act, which was put"},{"startTime":1486.625,"endTime":1490.015,"body":"in place in the 1970s to address"},{"startTime":1486.625,"endTime":1490.015,"body":"an issue current to that time."},{"startTime":1490.805,"endTime":1498.215,"body":"So at the time, um, uh, tribal kids,"},{"startTime":1490.805,"endTime":1498.215,"body":"native kids were being removed from"},{"startTime":1498.22,"endTime":1502.534,"body":"their home by state social services"},{"startTime":1498.22,"endTime":1502.534,"body":"agencies and placed with non-native"},{"startTime":1502.534,"endTime":1508.475,"body":"foster families at a rate higher"},{"startTime":1502.534,"endTime":1508.475,"body":"than any other, uh, race at the time."},{"startTime":1508.925,"endTime":1514.49,"body":"And part of it was, um, Part of it was"},{"startTime":1508.925,"endTime":1514.49,"body":"due to, uh, largely, uh, you know, a"},{"startTime":1514.49,"endTime":1519.56,"body":"bias, probably some apathy or prejudice"},{"startTime":1514.49,"endTime":1519.56,"body":"towards native communities, you know?"},{"startTime":1519.59,"endTime":1524.51,"body":"Uh, and so what Indian Child Welfare"},{"startTime":1519.59,"endTime":1524.51,"body":"was designed to do was to protect the"},{"startTime":1524.51,"endTime":1526.459,"body":"children from being removed from the home."},{"startTime":1526.79,"endTime":1526.879,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1527.12,"endTime":1532.01,"body":", because, um, they might have been removed"},{"startTime":1527.12,"endTime":1532.01,"body":"because, um, the living conditions"},{"startTime":1532.34,"endTime":1536.3,"body":"and, and so the living conditions"},{"startTime":1532.34,"endTime":1536.3,"body":"were, were maybe the best that the,"},{"startTime":1536.36,"endTime":1539.51,"body":"the Indian family could do, but to the."},{"startTime":1540.5,"endTime":1546.29,"body":"Uh, SRS worker, DCF worker, um, they"},{"startTime":1540.5,"endTime":1546.29,"body":"might have thought it was inferior,"},{"startTime":1546.29,"endTime":1548.09,"body":"and so they removed them from the home."},{"startTime":1548.36,"endTime":1548.54,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1548.78,"endTime":1552.92,"body":". Um, and so, you know, it was, um, you"},{"startTime":1548.78,"endTime":1552.92,"body":"know, to protect the native family, the"},{"startTime":1552.925,"endTime":1556.35,"body":"nucleus, to keep them together, um, or."},{"startTime":1557.429,"endTime":1560.699,"body":"If that child went out of the home"},{"startTime":1557.429,"endTime":1560.699,"body":"because there was proven to be"},{"startTime":1560.969,"endTime":1565.919,"body":"a neglect, abuse, or harm, maybe"},{"startTime":1560.969,"endTime":1565.919,"body":"it goes to a relative me member."},{"startTime":1566.01,"endTime":1566.1,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1566.34,"endTime":1571.53,"body":", maybe they go to a, um, a, a tribal"},{"startTime":1566.34,"endTime":1571.53,"body":"member so it stays within the tribal"},{"startTime":1571.53,"endTime":1574.199,"body":"community or it goes to another tribe."},{"startTime":1574.679,"endTime":1577.479,"body":"Uh, family Lyric said"},{"startTime":1574.679,"endTime":1577.479,"body":"she thinks it's crazy."},{"startTime":1577.479,"endTime":1580.649,"body":"We don't talk about the boarding"},{"startTime":1577.479,"endTime":1580.649,"body":"schools in the education system at all."},{"startTime":1581.225,"endTime":1587.795,"body":"It's such a big part of, you know,"},{"startTime":1581.225,"endTime":1587.795,"body":"history that's just completely wiped away."},{"startTime":1587.825,"endTime":1587.915,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1588.155,"endTime":1591.635,"body":", and now we're seeing all of these"},{"startTime":1588.155,"endTime":1591.635,"body":"bodies being dug up of these small"},{"startTime":1591.635,"endTime":1598.355,"body":"indigenous children and it's really"},{"startTime":1591.635,"endTime":1598.355,"body":"emotional to think about how, I mean,"},{"startTime":1598.36,"endTime":1604.115,"body":"these were done by Catholic priests"},{"startTime":1598.36,"endTime":1604.115,"body":"and nus and so I just, I know it's"},{"startTime":1604.115,"endTime":1605.435,"body":"not the whole religion's fault."},{"startTime":1606.59,"endTime":1609.439,"body":"But I can't think of a one"},{"startTime":1606.59,"endTime":1609.439,"body":"good thing Catholicism has"},{"startTime":1609.439,"endTime":1610.55,"body":"done for indigenous people."},{"startTime":1610.55,"endTime":1610.639,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":1610.879,"endTime":1613.28,"body":"And I know my family may disagree,"},{"startTime":1610.879,"endTime":1613.28,"body":"the ones who are devout mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1613.52,"endTime":1616.55,"body":", you know, but I just"},{"startTime":1613.52,"endTime":1616.55,"body":"don't see a benefit to it."},{"startTime":1616.729,"endTime":1616.79,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":1616.794,"endTime":1622.25,"body":"How do you feel about that being in the"},{"startTime":1616.794,"endTime":1622.25,"body":"news now and people learning about it now?"},{"startTime":1622.52,"endTime":1625.01,"body":"I am personally happy."},{"startTime":1625.31,"endTime":1627.979,"body":"Um, I think it's really"},{"startTime":1625.31,"endTime":1627.979,"body":"going to be something that"},{"startTime":1627.979,"endTime":1629.36,"body":"people can't look away from."},{"startTime":1629.659,"endTime":1636.35,"body":"And as unfortunate as it is that it"},{"startTime":1629.659,"endTime":1636.35,"body":"happened, I mean, it, it, it is the truth."},{"startTime":1636.35,"endTime":1640.67,"body":"And I think maybe people will"},{"startTime":1636.35,"endTime":1640.67,"body":"realize that what it was like to be"},{"startTime":1640.67,"endTime":1643.13,"body":"indigenous, um, in America mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1643.37,"endTime":1649.25,"body":", because those schools, some of them didn't"},{"startTime":1643.37,"endTime":1649.25,"body":"close till like the late 19 hundreds."},{"startTime":1649.28,"endTime":1649.31,"body":"Mm."},{"startTime":1649.64,"endTime":1653.09,"body":"And so I know that like maybe they"},{"startTime":1649.64,"endTime":1653.09,"body":"weren't as bad as they were in like"},{"startTime":1653.095,"endTime":1656.06,"body":"the 18 hundreds, but they still"},{"startTime":1653.095,"endTime":1656.06,"body":"were not being treated properly."},{"startTime":1656.065,"endTime":1656.38,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1657.425,"endTime":1662.135,"body":". It's really painful, I will"},{"startTime":1657.425,"endTime":1662.135,"body":"say, to see all of these bodies"},{"startTime":1662.135,"endTime":1663.635,"body":"of children being dug up."},{"startTime":1663.635,"endTime":1668.495,"body":"I mean, they would've been SaaS and"},{"startTime":1663.635,"endTime":1668.495,"body":"they would've been elders, and yeah,"},{"startTime":1668.495,"endTime":1671.585,"body":"maybe some of them would've passed"},{"startTime":1668.495,"endTime":1671.585,"body":"away due to old age, but they didn't."},{"startTime":1671.615,"endTime":1672.754,"body":"They died at."},{"startTime":1672.85,"endTime":1679.389,"body":"4, 6, 9, 11 in the most brutal way"},{"startTime":1672.85,"endTime":1679.389,"body":"possible, their names were forgotten,"},{"startTime":1679.389,"endTime":1684.07,"body":"their names weren't on tombstones,"},{"startTime":1679.389,"endTime":1684.07,"body":"their bodies were thrown on top"},{"startTime":1684.074,"endTime":1685.689,"body":"of each other and left to decay."},{"startTime":1685.959,"endTime":1686.08,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1686.324,"endTime":1690.939,"body":", and people didn't know about it, and"},{"startTime":1686.324,"endTime":1690.939,"body":"it's simply because they didn't want"},{"startTime":1690.939,"endTime":1693.76,"body":"indigenous people to exist and mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1694.12,"endTime":1698.25,"body":", it's something we are not taught about"},{"startTime":1694.12,"endTime":1698.25,"body":"because I guarantee you, if we learned"},{"startTime":1698.25,"endTime":1705.395,"body":"as children, Grown adults in the United"},{"startTime":1698.25,"endTime":1705.395,"body":"States, your beloved priests and nuns and"},{"startTime":1705.515,"endTime":1710.255,"body":"teachers were out here murdering young"},{"startTime":1705.515,"endTime":1710.255,"body":"indigenous children by the thousands."},{"startTime":1711.02,"endTime":1714.889,"body":"it would have affected people way"},{"startTime":1711.02,"endTime":1714.889,"body":"more than, And what do you think the"},{"startTime":1714.889,"endTime":1716.87,"body":"impact of not learning about it is?"},{"startTime":1717.2,"endTime":1721.4,"body":"I think it definitely"},{"startTime":1717.2,"endTime":1721.4,"body":"leads to misinformation."},{"startTime":1721.79,"endTime":1726.35,"body":"Um, I think it leads to people"},{"startTime":1721.79,"endTime":1726.35,"body":"not understanding why, um, we"},{"startTime":1726.35,"endTime":1729.87,"body":"kind of face the issues that we"},{"startTime":1726.35,"endTime":1729.87,"body":"do in terms of trauma, addiction,"},{"startTime":1730.4,"endTime":1732.87,"body":"um, perpetuated cycles of abuse."},{"startTime":1732.889,"endTime":1734.69,"body":"I mean, that doesn't always happen, but."},{"startTime":1735.71,"endTime":1739.01,"body":". In some cases it does, like, yes there"},{"startTime":1735.71,"endTime":1739.01,"body":"are indigenous people that are thriving,"},{"startTime":1739.22,"endTime":1742.7,"body":"but there are also indigenous people that"},{"startTime":1739.22,"endTime":1742.7,"body":"are really hurt and traumatized by this."},{"startTime":1743.03,"endTime":1745.01,"body":"And, you know, cycles perpetuate."},{"startTime":1745.16,"endTime":1748.85,"body":"And I just think it's something"},{"startTime":1745.16,"endTime":1748.85,"body":"that, you know, where there are"},{"startTime":1748.85,"endTime":1753.29,"body":"survivors of residential schools"},{"startTime":1748.85,"endTime":1753.29,"body":"and like they've perpetuated this"},{"startTime":1753.35,"endTime":1755.09,"body":"trauma that they faced onto others."},{"startTime":1755.21,"endTime":1755.3,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1755.54,"endTime":1757.97,"body":". So it's one thing, you"},{"startTime":1755.54,"endTime":1757.97,"body":"know, to really think."},{"startTime":1758.72,"endTime":1761.48,"body":"About, I guess just like"},{"startTime":1758.72,"endTime":1761.48,"body":"this endless cycle, and some"},{"startTime":1761.48,"endTime":1762.68,"body":"people have broken the cycle."},{"startTime":1762.68,"endTime":1766.25,"body":"Of course, you know, some people have,"},{"startTime":1762.68,"endTime":1766.25,"body":"but it's just one of those things where"},{"startTime":1766.25,"endTime":1767.75,"body":"you never know what could have happened."},{"startTime":1767.9,"endTime":1767.96,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":1767.96,"endTime":1772.4,"body":"I mean, some of these children, if"},{"startTime":1767.96,"endTime":1772.4,"body":"anything, could have changed the world."},{"startTime":1772.405,"endTime":1773.6,"body":"Could have shaped the world."},{"startTime":1773.6,"endTime":1779.09,"body":"I mean, people always say what"},{"startTime":1773.6,"endTime":1779.09,"body":"one little Zago could have done?"},{"startTime":1779.18,"endTime":1782.93,"body":"What could these indigenous"},{"startTime":1779.18,"endTime":1782.93,"body":"children have done for everyone?"},{"startTime":1782.96,"endTime":1783.05,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1783.29,"endTime":1789.26,"body":". And I think the difference it could have"},{"startTime":1783.29,"endTime":1789.26,"body":"made, I mean, Could have been grand."},{"startTime":1789.26,"endTime":1793.46,"body":"I mean, we could have had more"},{"startTime":1789.26,"endTime":1793.46,"body":"language, um, restoration."},{"startTime":1793.46,"endTime":1799.04,"body":"We could have had more ceremonies and"},{"startTime":1793.46,"endTime":1799.04,"body":"dancing and, you know, traditional"},{"startTime":1799.07,"endTime":1800.99,"body":"medicines and things being passed down."},{"startTime":1801.5,"endTime":1801.85,"body":"We."},{"startTime":1802.235,"endTime":1804.514,"body":"Would've had way more indigenous people."},{"startTime":1804.514,"endTime":1809.344,"body":"I mean, I would argue that these children"},{"startTime":1804.514,"endTime":1809.344,"body":"by the thousands, like maybe it may"},{"startTime":1809.344,"endTime":1813.485,"body":"sound like kind of, I don't know, I"},{"startTime":1809.344,"endTime":1813.485,"body":"guess a little twisted to think that they"},{"startTime":1813.485,"endTime":1817.115,"body":"would've went on to have families, but"},{"startTime":1813.485,"endTime":1817.115,"body":"like they could've and they would've."},{"startTime":1817.115,"endTime":1820.264,"body":"And so maybe it just would've increased"},{"startTime":1817.115,"endTime":1820.264,"body":"to a growing population, like a stronger"},{"startTime":1820.27,"endTime":1821.824,"body":"population of indigenous people."},{"startTime":1822.95,"endTime":1824.42,"body":"It's just, you never know."},{"startTime":1824.42,"endTime":1827.51,"body":"And I hope that this impact of"},{"startTime":1824.42,"endTime":1827.51,"body":"people hearing about residential"},{"startTime":1827.51,"endTime":1831.47,"body":"schools really makes them think"},{"startTime":1827.51,"endTime":1831.47,"body":"that their American history is"},{"startTime":1831.47,"endTime":1835.31,"body":"wrong and it leaves so much out."},{"startTime":1835.34,"endTime":1839.12,"body":"And there is so much more to learn"},{"startTime":1835.34,"endTime":1839.12,"body":"because I really want people to start"},{"startTime":1839.125,"endTime":1844.4,"body":"questioning what we're being taught and"},{"startTime":1839.125,"endTime":1844.4,"body":"hopefully this massive, massive issue"},{"startTime":1844.4,"endTime":1848.75,"body":"that we're seeing in the media is going"},{"startTime":1844.4,"endTime":1848.75,"body":"to encourage people to rewrite some"},{"startTime":1848.755,"endTime":1850.4,"body":"textbooks, rewrite their curriculum."},{"startTime":1850.405,"endTime":1850.61,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1850.69,"endTime":1852.13,"body":", I don't know what, I just feel."},{"startTime":1853.235,"endTime":1853.565,"body":"? Not really."},{"startTime":1853.565,"endTime":1855.035,"body":"I feel like, I mean, it's the way it is."},{"startTime":1855.035,"endTime":1859.235,"body":"Like our education system has a way of"},{"startTime":1855.035,"endTime":1859.235,"body":"talking about something terrible that"},{"startTime":1859.235,"endTime":1862.475,"body":"happened, but then acting like America"},{"startTime":1859.235,"endTime":1862.475,"body":"stopped doing it at a certain year."},{"startTime":1862.715,"endTime":1868.145,"body":"So you talk about, well, slavery ended and"},{"startTime":1862.715,"endTime":1868.145,"body":"then not talking about really how slavery"},{"startTime":1868.145,"endTime":1872.205,"body":"actually was carried out in different ways"},{"startTime":1868.145,"endTime":1872.205,"body":"or the civil rights movement happened."},{"startTime":1872.235,"endTime":1872.845,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1873.485,"endTime":1875.705,"body":", there were still communities segregated."},{"startTime":1875.735,"endTime":1876.005,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":1876.035,"endTime":1877.925,"body":"After it was illegal."},{"startTime":1878.015,"endTime":1878.225,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1878.575,"endTime":1880.245,"body":". Um, so I think that's just."},{"startTime":1881.42,"endTime":1885.26,"body":"and even, you know, it's just another"},{"startTime":1881.42,"endTime":1885.26,"body":"example of that, but it's really sad."},{"startTime":1886.04,"endTime":1890.3,"body":"Um, and no, it definitely really"},{"startTime":1886.04,"endTime":1890.3,"body":"is, and I think it just bothers me"},{"startTime":1890.66,"endTime":1894.89,"body":"that a lot of this stuff is lost."},{"startTime":1894.89,"endTime":1900.51,"body":"Not only because it wasn't"},{"startTime":1894.89,"endTime":1900.51,"body":"taught in schools, but."},{"startTime":1901.595,"endTime":1906.305,"body":"It is hidden by the Catholic Church"},{"startTime":1901.595,"endTime":1906.305,"body":"who refuses to acknowledge it."},{"startTime":1906.395,"endTime":1909.695,"body":"And I know it sounds like I'm really"},{"startTime":1906.395,"endTime":1909.695,"body":"going after the Catholic church here,"},{"startTime":1909.695,"endTime":1913.565,"body":"but it's something, you know, that"},{"startTime":1909.695,"endTime":1913.565,"body":"is extremely powerful, that has done"},{"startTime":1913.565,"endTime":1917.765,"body":"so many, uh, injustices and like, has"},{"startTime":1913.565,"endTime":1917.765,"body":"harmed indigenous people in so many"},{"startTime":1917.765,"endTime":1919.325,"body":"way and refuses to acknowledge it."},{"startTime":1919.33,"endTime":1919.555,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1919.775,"endTime":1922.535,"body":", I, um, one thing that I did"},{"startTime":1919.775,"endTime":1922.535,"body":"wanna talk about, I forgot"},{"startTime":1922.535,"endTime":1925.085,"body":"to, is, um, two Spirit people."},{"startTime":1925.469,"endTime":1929.31,"body":"Um, something that is within,"},{"startTime":1925.469,"endTime":1929.31,"body":"uh, indigenous culture."},{"startTime":1929.55,"endTime":1933.149,"body":"Uh, people who body, both the masculine"},{"startTime":1929.55,"endTime":1933.149,"body":"and feminine spirit can be used"},{"startTime":1933.149,"endTime":1936.54,"body":"for, uh, trans q i a plus people."},{"startTime":1936.81,"endTime":1942.629,"body":"Um, and it's something that also was,"},{"startTime":1936.81,"endTime":1942.629,"body":"uh, in my tribe, like known in my tribe."},{"startTime":1942.689,"endTime":1948.51,"body":"And now there are people, uh, within"},{"startTime":1942.689,"endTime":1948.51,"body":"my tribe who don't support, um, LGBTQ"},{"startTime":1948.51,"endTime":1950.04,"body":"people because it goes against the Bible."},{"startTime":1950.1,"endTime":1955.07,"body":"And so the thing is, It goes against"},{"startTime":1950.1,"endTime":1955.07,"body":"the Bible, but it doesn't go against"},{"startTime":1955.07,"endTime":1958.46,"body":"who we were before the Bible because"},{"startTime":1955.07,"endTime":1958.46,"body":"we had two spirit people, right?"},{"startTime":1959.03,"endTime":1963.8,"body":"So it's just like who, like who"},{"startTime":1959.03,"endTime":1963.8,"body":"you have to, It makes you face"},{"startTime":1963.8,"endTime":1966.38,"body":"this, um, part of your identity."},{"startTime":1966.38,"endTime":1968.96,"body":"You have to pick and choose"},{"startTime":1966.38,"endTime":1968.96,"body":"who you are and what you think."},{"startTime":1969.17,"endTime":1972.59,"body":"Because if you truly think you're gonna go"},{"startTime":1969.17,"endTime":1972.59,"body":"to hell for supporting these people or for"},{"startTime":1972.59,"endTime":1976.43,"body":"supporting something that doesn't align"},{"startTime":1972.59,"endTime":1976.43,"body":"with the Bible, then how can you truly."},{"startTime":1977.17,"endTime":1979.42,"body":"In the spirits and the spirit world."},{"startTime":1979.42,"endTime":1979.48,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":1979.54,"endTime":1981.73,"body":"Which makes it really hard"},{"startTime":1979.54,"endTime":1981.73,"body":"because like I believe in the"},{"startTime":1981.73,"endTime":1982.9,"body":"spirits and the spirit world."},{"startTime":1983.139,"endTime":1985.78,"body":"I know some of our traditions rely"},{"startTime":1983.139,"endTime":1985.78,"body":"on the spirits and the spirit world."},{"startTime":1985.78,"endTime":1985.84,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":1986.02,"endTime":1989.05,"body":"But like that's supposed to be"},{"startTime":1986.02,"endTime":1989.05,"body":"different from heaven, so what is it?"},{"startTime":1989.05,"endTime":1989.53,"body":"You know?"},{"startTime":1989.71,"endTime":1992.74,"body":"And that's where I feel like I've"},{"startTime":1989.71,"endTime":1992.74,"body":"just kind of like had this thing"},{"startTime":1992.745,"endTime":1996.49,"body":"where sometimes I feel guilty for"},{"startTime":1992.745,"endTime":1996.49,"body":"not wanting to think of like heaven"},{"startTime":1996.49,"endTime":1997.96,"body":"and say like the spirit world."},{"startTime":1997.96,"endTime":1998.53,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":1998.77,"endTime":2000.379,"body":". And you know, I feel."},{"startTime":2001.165,"endTime":2004.705,"body":". It's it, but once again, I feel like"},{"startTime":2001.165,"endTime":2004.705,"body":"that's something that is specific"},{"startTime":2004.705,"endTime":2009.505,"body":"to me as a play person, because"},{"startTime":2004.705,"endTime":2009.505,"body":"a lot of plains, uh, indigenous"},{"startTime":2009.505,"endTime":2011.605,"body":"people have reclaimed that mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2011.85,"endTime":2015.715,"body":"and they talk about the great spirits"},{"startTime":2011.85,"endTime":2015.715,"body":"and they talk about, you know, the, the"},{"startTime":2015.715,"endTime":2018.865,"body":"spirit world and the spirits and what"},{"startTime":2015.715,"endTime":2018.865,"body":"they believe in, who is traditional"},{"startTime":2018.87,"endTime":2022.825,"body":"to their tribe, because they took"},{"startTime":2018.87,"endTime":2022.825,"body":"it back as a form of reclamation."},{"startTime":2023.98,"endTime":2026.7,"body":"Because of the Trail of"},{"startTime":2023.98,"endTime":2026.7,"body":"Cheers, because of mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2026.78,"endTime":2030.01,"body":", all of these like mass, uh,"},{"startTime":2026.78,"endTime":2030.01,"body":"issues of destruction that were"},{"startTime":2030.01,"endTime":2031.54,"body":"put on their, people play blue."},{"startTime":2031.545,"endTime":2034.27,"body":"People haven't, I mean, I know"},{"startTime":2031.545,"endTime":2034.27,"body":"we had the play Blue Revolt from"},{"startTime":2034.27,"endTime":2036.66,"body":"Spanish rule, but we, we haven't."},{"startTime":2037.104,"endTime":2039.715,"body":"Revolted against the, the Catholic Ways."},{"startTime":2039.715,"endTime":2043.735,"body":"And I would say that one thing that"},{"startTime":2039.715,"endTime":2043.735,"body":"I, um, do think is really important is"},{"startTime":2043.735,"endTime":2047.155,"body":"that the Plains people have, because"},{"startTime":2043.735,"endTime":2047.155,"body":"it's allowed them to reclaim their"},{"startTime":2047.155,"endTime":2050.264,"body":"culture in a way that I feel like us"},{"startTime":2047.155,"endTime":2050.264,"body":"as playable people haven't mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2050.344,"endTime":2053.214,"body":"And that's something that once again,"},{"startTime":2050.344,"endTime":2053.214,"body":"you don't, you don't learn about."},{"startTime":2053.275,"endTime":2053.424,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":2053.455,"endTime":2055.795,"body":"I have some family members"},{"startTime":2053.455,"endTime":2055.795,"body":"who identify as Two Spirit."},{"startTime":2055.824,"endTime":2057.174,"body":"I have some friends."},{"startTime":2057.565,"endTime":2059.694,"body":"Um, and for me, while I."},{"startTime":2060.595,"endTime":2063.535,"body":"Uh, for me, I'm bisexual and or queer."},{"startTime":2063.865,"endTime":2068.785,"body":"It's, it's something that makes me"},{"startTime":2063.865,"endTime":2068.785,"body":"feel more accepted and, and more normal"},{"startTime":2068.785,"endTime":2074.875,"body":"and it makes me really feel like,"},{"startTime":2068.785,"endTime":2074.875,"body":"you know, the creator kind of knows"},{"startTime":2075.325,"endTime":2077.095,"body":"what they were doing and I mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2077.445,"endTime":2079.015,"body":"in reference to the creator."},{"startTime":2079.02,"endTime":2082.555,"body":"I guess that would kind of be like"},{"startTime":2079.02,"endTime":2082.555,"body":"God, but like, I feel like the term"},{"startTime":2082.555,"endTime":2087.835,"body":"the is kind of more comfy and I"},{"startTime":2082.555,"endTime":2087.835,"body":"think seeing people, um, from tribes."},{"startTime":2088.96,"endTime":2090.85,"body":"Where Two-Spirit just really"},{"startTime":2088.96,"endTime":2090.85,"body":"made all the difference for me."},{"startTime":2090.85,"endTime":2090.94,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2091.18,"endTime":2094.45,"body":". And I think that's something"},{"startTime":2091.18,"endTime":2094.45,"body":"that indigenous children"},{"startTime":2094.63,"endTime":2095.65,"body":"also really need to see."},{"startTime":2095.65,"endTime":2102.46,"body":"Not just lgbtq um, representation,"},{"startTime":2095.65,"endTime":2102.46,"body":"but really that two spirit, because"},{"startTime":2102.46,"endTime":2105.13,"body":"that embodiment feels different."},{"startTime":2105.135,"endTime":2107.99,"body":"It, it feels different because"},{"startTime":2105.135,"endTime":2107.99,"body":"it just feels like, okay."},{"startTime":2108.745,"endTime":2113.905,"body":"It's, it's something else that is rooted"},{"startTime":2108.745,"endTime":2113.905,"body":"in our culture and it's something that"},{"startTime":2113.905,"endTime":2119.725,"body":"has another meaning and more comfort,"},{"startTime":2113.905,"endTime":2119.725,"body":"and it's not another label that like"},{"startTime":2119.845,"endTime":2121.825,"body":"a white person is putting on us."},{"startTime":2121.855,"endTime":2121.945,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":2122.575,"endTime":2130.305,"body":"I think just learning about different"},{"startTime":2122.575,"endTime":2130.305,"body":"ideologies of different cultures."},{"startTime":2131.065,"endTime":2133.794,"body":"Of people living in our country is"},{"startTime":2131.065,"endTime":2133.794,"body":"important because there's a lot of laws"},{"startTime":2133.794,"endTime":2135.924,"body":"that are made based on Catholicism."},{"startTime":2135.984,"endTime":2136.134,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2136.375,"endTime":2141.835,"body":", whether it was before same"},{"startTime":2136.375,"endTime":2141.835,"body":"sex marriage was legal or now"},{"startTime":2142.254,"endTime":2146.274,"body":"abortion, getting abortion is"},{"startTime":2142.254,"endTime":2146.274,"body":"becoming illegal in more states."},{"startTime":2146.335,"endTime":2150.294,"body":"And that's based on"},{"startTime":2146.335,"endTime":2150.294,"body":"Christianity and Catholicism."},{"startTime":2150.355,"endTime":2150.475,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":2150.475,"endTime":2151.165,"body":"Ideology."},{"startTime":2151.524,"endTime":2157.075,"body":"Um, and I just feel like if people"},{"startTime":2151.524,"endTime":2157.075,"body":"were just aware that there's just"},{"startTime":2157.075,"endTime":2161.95,"body":"different, I guess, ideologies,"},{"startTime":2157.075,"endTime":2161.95,"body":"The way people live their life."},{"startTime":2161.95,"endTime":2166.03,"body":"Like I feel like there would be more"},{"startTime":2161.95,"endTime":2166.03,"body":"understanding as to why maybe laws"},{"startTime":2166.03,"endTime":2167.11,"body":"in our country shouldn't be in place."},{"startTime":2167.11,"endTime":2169.0,"body":"Cuz they go against"},{"startTime":2167.11,"endTime":2169.0,"body":"maybe someone's religion."},{"startTime":2169.09,"endTime":2169.15,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":2169.15,"endTime":2170.11,"body":"Or someone's culture."},{"startTime":2170.32,"endTime":2170.92,"body":"Definitely."},{"startTime":2170.92,"endTime":2172.0,"body":"I definitely agree."},{"startTime":2172.45,"endTime":2178.27,"body":"Um, I feel like, I feel like that's a"},{"startTime":2172.45,"endTime":2178.27,"body":"really important point you made there."},{"startTime":2178.33,"endTime":2182.2,"body":"I wanted to mention too was Catholicism,"},{"startTime":2178.33,"endTime":2182.2,"body":"the effect it has on our country."},{"startTime":2182.95,"endTime":2185.86,"body":"I just remember always over and"},{"startTime":2182.95,"endTime":2185.86,"body":"over growing up, learning about"},{"startTime":2185.86,"endTime":2187.839,"body":"how we have freedom of religion."},{"startTime":2187.839,"endTime":2190.15,"body":"We've had freedom of religion"},{"startTime":2187.839,"endTime":2190.15,"body":"in the constitutions."},{"startTime":2190.21,"endTime":2192.13,"body":"You know, the Constitution was written."},{"startTime":2192.67,"endTime":2197.62,"body":"But I think the reason we need that"},{"startTime":2192.67,"endTime":2197.62,"body":"history in the context of before the"},{"startTime":2197.62,"endTime":2201.19,"body":"Constitution, before Christopher Columbus,"},{"startTime":2197.62,"endTime":2201.19,"body":"is that that has lasting effects."},{"startTime":2201.19,"endTime":2204.94,"body":"That just because a law is put in place,"},{"startTime":2201.19,"endTime":2204.94,"body":"or something's written and a piece of"},{"startTime":2204.94,"endTime":2210.64,"body":"paper, doesn't mean people are used"},{"startTime":2204.94,"endTime":2210.64,"body":"to not forcing Catholicism on people"},{"startTime":2210.64,"endTime":2212.11,"body":"or treating people a certain way."},{"startTime":2212.41,"endTime":2216.49,"body":"And I feel like we're still seeing that"},{"startTime":2212.41,"endTime":2216.49,"body":"with just last week, um, this interview"},{"startTime":2216.49,"endTime":2220.51,"body":"we did, we were talking about the book"},{"startTime":2216.49,"endTime":2220.51,"body":"bands going on, um, and banning LGBTQ"},{"startTime":2220.51,"endTime":2225.97,"body":"related books, like whether that goes"},{"startTime":2220.51,"endTime":2225.97,"body":"away at some point, that's still enabling"},{"startTime":2225.97,"endTime":2230.41,"body":"people to shun the LGBTQ community."},{"startTime":2230.41,"endTime":2233.74,"body":"And so that's all, that's just the note I"},{"startTime":2230.41,"endTime":2233.74,"body":"wanted to make on Catholicism in general."},{"startTime":2233.74,"endTime":2236.23,"body":"I just think it's ironic that we were"},{"startTime":2233.74,"endTime":2236.23,"body":"learn, you know, learning about it."},{"startTime":2236.23,"endTime":2237.7,"body":"Like America's the greatest"},{"startTime":2236.23,"endTime":2237.7,"body":"country in the world."},{"startTime":2237.7,"endTime":2240.76,"body":"We have all this freedom, but at"},{"startTime":2237.7,"endTime":2240.76,"body":"the same time we're not learning."},{"startTime":2241.509,"endTime":2244.87,"body":"All the ways that that was"},{"startTime":2241.509,"endTime":2244.87,"body":"contradicted in our history."},{"startTime":2245.08,"endTime":2249.069,"body":"No, and you know, that is a very"},{"startTime":2245.08,"endTime":2249.069,"body":"good point, and I'd like to just"},{"startTime":2249.069,"endTime":2250.54,"body":"kind of add to that a little bit."},{"startTime":2250.544,"endTime":2250.74,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2250.825,"endTime":2254.44,"body":", um, I love how, once again, we're"},{"startTime":2250.825,"endTime":2254.44,"body":"supposed to have freedom of religion,"},{"startTime":2254.44,"endTime":2258.19,"body":"but indigenous people were persecuted"},{"startTime":2254.44,"endTime":2258.19,"body":"for their religion, literally after the"},{"startTime":2258.19,"endTime":2259.66,"body":"Declaration of Independence was written."},{"startTime":2259.66,"endTime":2259.94,"body":"Mm."},{"startTime":2260.109,"endTime":2263.02,"body":"Um, I would still say even to now."},{"startTime":2263.319,"endTime":2265.689,"body":"Um, so it's something"},{"startTime":2263.319,"endTime":2265.689,"body":"that's never went away."},{"startTime":2265.99,"endTime":2270.279,"body":"And yeah, we have freedom of religion"},{"startTime":2265.99,"endTime":2270.279,"body":"in the Declaration of Independence."},{"startTime":2270.64,"endTime":2276.819,"body":"Um, and it's written that we are"},{"startTime":2270.64,"endTime":2276.819,"body":"merciless Indian savages in there."},{"startTime":2276.819,"endTime":2281.049,"body":"So do we really have freedom of"},{"startTime":2276.819,"endTime":2281.049,"body":"religion if you only view us as savages"},{"startTime":2281.049,"endTime":2282.339,"body":"or viewed us as savages at the time?"},{"startTime":2282.58,"endTime":2282.939,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2283.02,"endTime":2286.6,"body":", when this was written, I, I"},{"startTime":2283.02,"endTime":2286.6,"body":"highly doubt it because, quote,"},{"startTime":2286.66,"endTime":2289.02,"body":"we weren't civilized enough, You."},{"startTime":2289.87,"endTime":2293.9,"body":"Harvard Law Review published a book review"},{"startTime":2289.87,"endTime":2293.9,"body":"of Defend the Sacred Native American"},{"startTime":2293.905,"endTime":2298.3,"body":"Religious Freedom Beyond the First"},{"startTime":2293.905,"endTime":2298.3,"body":"Amendment by Michael d McNally, The Review"},{"startTime":2298.3,"endTime":2302.86,"body":"by Kristen a Carpenter states indigenous"},{"startTime":2298.3,"endTime":2302.86,"body":"peoples are not seeking to impose their"},{"startTime":2302.86,"endTime":2304.63,"body":"religious beliefs or values on others."},{"startTime":2305.26,"endTime":2309.7,"body":"Rather they seek the space to recover and"},{"startTime":2305.26,"endTime":2309.7,"body":"revitalize their own religions following"},{"startTime":2309.7,"endTime":2311.5,"body":"hundreds of years of suppression."},{"startTime":2312.46,"endTime":2316.42,"body":"It also states, even though our"},{"startTime":2312.46,"endTime":2316.42,"body":"country was ostensibly founded on"},{"startTime":2316.42,"endTime":2320.05,"body":"a promise of religious freedom, it"},{"startTime":2316.42,"endTime":2320.05,"body":"quite frequently denies that promise"},{"startTime":2320.05,"endTime":2323.41,"body":"to American Indians in early 2021."},{"startTime":2323.415,"endTime":2328.15,"body":"For example, a federal district court"},{"startTime":2323.415,"endTime":2328.15,"body":"denied temporary injunctive relief to"},{"startTime":2328.15,"endTime":2331.45,"body":"Apache plaintiffs seeking to stop the"},{"startTime":2328.15,"endTime":2331.45,"body":"federal government from transferring"},{"startTime":2331.45,"endTime":2333.4,"body":"sacred lands to a foreign mining company."},{"startTime":2334.12,"endTime":2336.46,"body":"On the grounds that it would"},{"startTime":2334.12,"endTime":2336.46,"body":"violate the First Amendment"},{"startTime":2336.73,"endTime":2339.16,"body":"and RF RA among other laws."},{"startTime":2340.03,"endTime":2343.78,"body":"I'd like to pause reading here to state"},{"startTime":2340.03,"endTime":2343.78,"body":"that RF RA is the Religious Freedom"},{"startTime":2343.78,"endTime":2348.61,"body":"Restoration Act of 1993, which prohibits"},{"startTime":2343.78,"endTime":2348.61,"body":"any official department or agency of"},{"startTime":2348.615,"endTime":2352.54,"body":"the US from substantially burdening"},{"startTime":2348.615,"endTime":2352.54,"body":"a person's exercise of religion."},{"startTime":2353.41,"endTime":2357.97,"body":"The review continues, although the federal"},{"startTime":2353.41,"endTime":2357.97,"body":"government claims to own and manage"},{"startTime":2357.97,"endTime":2359.65,"body":"the land as part of the Tonto National."},{"startTime":2360.535,"endTime":2363.565,"body":"The land is within Apache"},{"startTime":2360.535,"endTime":2363.565,"body":"traditional territory and is"},{"startTime":2363.565,"endTime":2365.155,"body":"arguably recognized as such."},{"startTime":2365.215,"endTime":2366.115,"body":"Under treaties."},{"startTime":2366.655,"endTime":2369.385,"body":"Critics of the court's establishment"},{"startTime":2366.655,"endTime":2369.385,"body":"cases argue that religion should"},{"startTime":2369.385,"endTime":2370.735,"body":"stay out of the public sphere."},{"startTime":2371.305,"endTime":2375.115,"body":"They perhaps do not realize that many"},{"startTime":2371.305,"endTime":2375.115,"body":"indigenous sacred sites are now located"},{"startTime":2375.115,"endTime":2378.595,"body":"on federal public lands because the"},{"startTime":2375.115,"endTime":2378.595,"body":"United States took those sites from"},{"startTime":2378.595,"endTime":2383.905,"body":"Indian tribes long ago, there is no"},{"startTime":2378.595,"endTime":2383.905,"body":"private place for those religions to go."},{"startTime":2386.575,"endTime":2390.115,"body":"In my conversation with Joshua more"},{"startTime":2386.575,"endTime":2390.115,"body":"generally speaking, he said one of"},{"startTime":2390.115,"endTime":2393.085,"body":"the big things that we'll see going"},{"startTime":2390.115,"endTime":2393.085,"body":"on with indigenous people in the US"},{"startTime":2393.415,"endTime":2394.995,"body":"is recent Supreme Court decision."},{"startTime":2395.335,"endTime":2400.175,"body":"You gotta understand there is a"},{"startTime":2395.335,"endTime":2400.175,"body":"huge tie between, um, Native peoples"},{"startTime":2400.535,"endTime":2402.245,"body":"and the United States politically."},{"startTime":2402.515,"endTime":2405.695,"body":"You know, we're not just"},{"startTime":2402.515,"endTime":2405.695,"body":"a race or an ethnicity."},{"startTime":2406.055,"endTime":2409.385,"body":"We have a political relationship"},{"startTime":2406.055,"endTime":2409.385,"body":"with the federal government, and"},{"startTime":2409.385,"endTime":2414.785,"body":"so it makes our, um, situation"},{"startTime":2409.385,"endTime":2414.785,"body":"different than many other communities."},{"startTime":2415.175,"endTime":2420.695,"body":"So anytime a case rises through,"},{"startTime":2415.175,"endTime":2420.695,"body":"um, the ju uh, judicial system"},{"startTime":2420.875,"endTime":2423.755,"body":"and ends up at the Supreme Court"},{"startTime":2420.875,"endTime":2423.755,"body":"level, it's pretty significant."},{"startTime":2428.965,"endTime":2433.105,"body":"Going back to what you're saying about"},{"startTime":2428.965,"endTime":2433.105,"body":"trauma, I think it, I learned about"},{"startTime":2433.11,"endTime":2436.975,"body":"trauma cause I took a childhood trauma"},{"startTime":2433.11,"endTime":2436.975,"body":"course in college in my senior year,"},{"startTime":2437.455,"endTime":2440.905,"body":"and every time I mentioned that, I"},{"startTime":2437.455,"endTime":2440.905,"body":"wanna point out that I was privileged"},{"startTime":2440.905,"endTime":2442.405,"body":"to have gone that far in college."},{"startTime":2442.405,"endTime":2444.325,"body":"That's not something"},{"startTime":2442.405,"endTime":2444.325,"body":"everybody's learning about."},{"startTime":2444.655,"endTime":2448.315,"body":"Um, I think trauma in general is so"},{"startTime":2444.655,"endTime":2448.315,"body":"important for people to learn about"},{"startTime":2448.315,"endTime":2450.445,"body":"because I didn't know until that class."},{"startTime":2451.45,"endTime":2453.59,"body":", it was, It's a cycle that it, mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2453.67,"endTime":2454.9,"body":"goes generation to generation."},{"startTime":2454.9,"endTime":2459.43,"body":"Learning about specific examples of"},{"startTime":2454.9,"endTime":2459.43,"body":"how that continues, because Americans"},{"startTime":2459.94,"endTime":2463.99,"body":"will very much look at groups of people"},{"startTime":2459.94,"endTime":2463.99,"body":"and say, Well, if they're poor, you"},{"startTime":2463.99,"endTime":2465.16,"body":"know, they're doing it to themselves."},{"startTime":2465.16,"endTime":2468.64,"body":"They could just do this like, , just"},{"startTime":2465.16,"endTime":2468.64,"body":"learning about trauma in general"},{"startTime":2468.64,"endTime":2472.48,"body":"could open up people's eyes to why"},{"startTime":2468.64,"endTime":2472.48,"body":"people are in certain situations."},{"startTime":2472.54,"endTime":2473.32,"body":"Exactly."},{"startTime":2473.35,"endTime":2477.64,"body":"I, I really think that would help people"},{"startTime":2473.35,"endTime":2477.64,"body":"understand that indigenous people,"},{"startTime":2477.7,"endTime":2481.72,"body":"um, especially Plains natives, were"},{"startTime":2477.7,"endTime":2481.72,"body":"pushed onto the worst land possible."},{"startTime":2481.78,"endTime":2481.87,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2482.11,"endTime":2485.53,"body":". And even with like southwestern"},{"startTime":2482.11,"endTime":2485.53,"body":"natives, I mean, we were pushed onto"},{"startTime":2485.53,"endTime":2490.81,"body":"the worst land at times where crops"},{"startTime":2485.53,"endTime":2490.81,"body":"were literally unable to kill us off."},{"startTime":2490.84,"endTime":2490.96,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2491.2,"endTime":2493.51,"body":". So we literally never had a surplus."},{"startTime":2493.69,"endTime":2495.94,"body":"And if you know, you were."},{"startTime":2496.285,"endTime":2499.915,"body":"Privileged enough to know, or, you"},{"startTime":2496.285,"endTime":2499.915,"body":"know, have been educated on this"},{"startTime":2499.915,"endTime":2506.125,"body":"surplus is how we literally were"},{"startTime":2499.915,"endTime":2506.125,"body":"able to, um, as a society, uh, kind"},{"startTime":2506.13,"endTime":2513.865,"body":"of gain, um, other resources and"},{"startTime":2506.13,"endTime":2513.865,"body":"then inherit wealth, um mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2513.95,"endTime":2514.645,"body":"and things like that."},{"startTime":2514.645,"endTime":2515.995,"body":"We were never able to have surplus."},{"startTime":2516.085,"endTime":2516.175,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":2516.175,"endTime":2518.095,"body":"Because we were just trying"},{"startTime":2516.175,"endTime":2518.095,"body":"to survive at this point."},{"startTime":2518.185,"endTime":2518.275,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2518.545,"endTime":2524.185,"body":", um, do you feel like if people knew"},{"startTime":2518.545,"endTime":2524.185,"body":"more history of indigenous tribes,"},{"startTime":2524.185,"endTime":2525.445,"body":"anything that we discussed today?"},{"startTime":2526.63,"endTime":2530.05,"body":"indigenous people would be treated"},{"startTime":2526.63,"endTime":2530.05,"body":"different in this country or that"},{"startTime":2530.05,"endTime":2533.35,"body":"there would be, you know, not"},{"startTime":2530.05,"endTime":2533.35,"body":"as many maybe misconceptions."},{"startTime":2534.01,"endTime":2535.0,"body":"I hope so."},{"startTime":2535.15,"endTime":2538.96,"body":"I really don't know."},{"startTime":2539.32,"endTime":2541.84,"body":"It's something that I wanna"},{"startTime":2539.32,"endTime":2541.84,"body":"have a lot of faith in."},{"startTime":2542.23,"endTime":2548.95,"body":"I just really cannot picture that"},{"startTime":2542.23,"endTime":2548.95,"body":"you, US education system, writing"},{"startTime":2548.95,"endTime":2550.42,"body":"something comprehensive enough."},{"startTime":2550.48,"endTime":2550.57,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2550.81,"endTime":2551.71,"body":"to make a change."},{"startTime":2551.715,"endTime":2552.02,"body":"Mm."},{"startTime":2552.52,"endTime":2555.31,"body":"And I think you would have to have"},{"startTime":2552.52,"endTime":2555.31,"body":"a lot of indigenous people on board,"},{"startTime":2555.67,"endTime":2559.75,"body":"um, with writing a textbook or even"},{"startTime":2555.67,"endTime":2559.75,"body":"a couple chapters of a textbook."},{"startTime":2559.779,"endTime":2559.87,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2560.14,"endTime":2563.17,"body":". Cause I doubt it would be a"},{"startTime":2560.14,"endTime":2563.17,"body":"whole year's lesson worth."},{"startTime":2563.17,"endTime":2563.259,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2564.58,"endTime":2565.45,"body":". That would be great."},{"startTime":2565.87,"endTime":2568.06,"body":"But I, I really don't see that happening."},{"startTime":2568.06,"endTime":2568.339,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2568.419,"endTime":2570.58,"body":", and I hate to sound so bleak about"},{"startTime":2568.419,"endTime":2570.58,"body":"it, but I just really don't know if"},{"startTime":2570.58,"endTime":2573.009,"body":"it would make a difference because"},{"startTime":2570.58,"endTime":2573.009,"body":"I feel like people don't care."},{"startTime":2573.279,"endTime":2573.49,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":2573.52,"endTime":2578.529,"body":"Um, I do know a lot of people who"},{"startTime":2573.52,"endTime":2578.529,"body":"say things like, indigenous people"},{"startTime":2578.535,"endTime":2580.839,"body":"were, you know, they were a conquest."},{"startTime":2580.87,"endTime":2583.089,"body":"They lost like you are American."},{"startTime":2583.095,"endTime":2583.87,"body":"Get over it."},{"startTime":2584.259,"endTime":2587.62,"body":"And so I don't think anything will"},{"startTime":2584.259,"endTime":2587.62,"body":"ever change that for those people."},{"startTime":2587.625,"endTime":2588.02,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2588.2,"endTime":2590.169,"body":"and, you know, I really hope."},{"startTime":2591.04,"endTime":2594.37,"body":"Maybe if they did learn that we have"},{"startTime":2591.04,"endTime":2594.37,"body":"all of these different tribes and"},{"startTime":2594.37,"endTime":2599.83,"body":"different cultures, people would stop"},{"startTime":2594.37,"endTime":2599.83,"body":"asking, you know, what it, it's like"},{"startTime":2599.83,"endTime":2603.79,"body":"for me, or, you know, what I think about"},{"startTime":2599.83,"endTime":2603.79,"body":"something that's completely different."},{"startTime":2603.819,"endTime":2603.91,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2604.359,"endTime":2609.1,"body":", um, you know, so it's one of"},{"startTime":2604.359,"endTime":2609.1,"body":"those things where I, I hope for"},{"startTime":2609.16,"endTime":2611.049,"body":"the best, but I'm not quite sure."},{"startTime":2611.859,"endTime":2614.259,"body":"I'd like to pause here to"},{"startTime":2611.859,"endTime":2614.259,"body":"provide a trigger warning."},{"startTime":2615.1,"endTime":2617.95,"body":"This part of the conversation"},{"startTime":2615.1,"endTime":2617.95,"body":"does get into details of sexual"},{"startTime":2617.95,"endTime":2619.899,"body":"assault, violence, and abuse."},{"startTime":2621.055,"endTime":2624.145,"body":"One topic lyric brought up that"},{"startTime":2621.055,"endTime":2624.145,"body":"has never talked about or taught"},{"startTime":2624.145,"endTime":2629.125,"body":"is the epidemic of missing and"},{"startTime":2624.145,"endTime":2629.125,"body":"murdered indigenous women in America."},{"startTime":2629.154,"endTime":2632.545,"body":"More than four and five American"},{"startTime":2629.154,"endTime":2632.545,"body":"Native and Alaskan native women have"},{"startTime":2632.545,"endTime":2637.285,"body":"experienced violence and more than one"},{"startTime":2632.545,"endTime":2637.285,"body":"and two have experienced sexual violence."},{"startTime":2637.975,"endTime":2641.755,"body":"Murder is a third leading cause"},{"startTime":2637.975,"endTime":2641.755,"body":"of death for indigenous women who"},{"startTime":2641.755,"endTime":2644.755,"body":"are murdered at a rate 10 times"},{"startTime":2641.755,"endTime":2644.755,"body":"higher than all other ethnic."},{"startTime":2646.3,"endTime":2650.2,"body":"It's actually really crazy to think"},{"startTime":2646.3,"endTime":2650.2,"body":"that like, yeah, I've had a great life."},{"startTime":2650.53,"endTime":2655.36,"body":"Um, you know, my mom and my grandma"},{"startTime":2650.53,"endTime":2655.36,"body":"have all had a, a great life, but"},{"startTime":2655.365,"endTime":2660.4,"body":"even with just us, um, we've all"},{"startTime":2655.365,"endTime":2660.4,"body":"experienced some type of sexual violence."},{"startTime":2660.4,"endTime":2660.49,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2660.76,"endTime":2665.29,"body":". So it's one of those things"},{"startTime":2660.76,"endTime":2665.29,"body":"where we, I would say we are"},{"startTime":2666.58,"endTime":2667.96,"body":"more privileged than most."},{"startTime":2667.96,"endTime":2668.17,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2668.41,"endTime":2672.58,"body":", Um, still really difficult,"},{"startTime":2668.41,"endTime":2672.58,"body":"I would say lives, but it."},{"startTime":2673.299,"endTime":2676.75,"body":"It's a really, really terrible"},{"startTime":2673.299,"endTime":2676.75,"body":"thing indigenous women are facing."},{"startTime":2676.899,"endTime":2676.99,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2677.29,"endTime":2683.799,"body":". Um, my mom's sister was actually murdered,"},{"startTime":2677.29,"endTime":2683.799,"body":"um, due to gang violence, um, because,"},{"startTime":2684.279,"endTime":2690.459,"body":"uh, on her reservation she, she was"},{"startTime":2684.279,"endTime":2690.459,"body":"kind of just beaten, um, and she never"},{"startTime":2690.459,"endTime":2692.859,"body":"really recovered and died from that."},{"startTime":2692.859,"endTime":2697.36,"body":"And it's one of those things where,"},{"startTime":2692.859,"endTime":2697.36,"body":"Just violence against native women is"},{"startTime":2697.36,"endTime":2703.45,"body":"so prominent and so strong, and it's"},{"startTime":2697.36,"endTime":2703.45,"body":"done by officers off the reservation"},{"startTime":2703.45,"endTime":2705.67,"body":"and officers on the reservation a lot."},{"startTime":2705.67,"endTime":2707.11,"body":"And just, just people in general."},{"startTime":2707.11,"endTime":2711.58,"body":"And it's really, really tragic to"},{"startTime":2707.11,"endTime":2711.58,"body":"see and know that a lot of my family"},{"startTime":2711.58,"endTime":2715.33,"body":"members and a lot of women in general,"},{"startTime":2711.58,"endTime":2715.33,"body":"um, are, are going through this."},{"startTime":2715.33,"endTime":2717.73,"body":"And it's kind of something that's"},{"startTime":2715.33,"endTime":2717.73,"body":"really unspoken and I feel like"},{"startTime":2717.73,"endTime":2721.36,"body":"it doesn't really, um, get brought"},{"startTime":2717.73,"endTime":2721.36,"body":"up when we talk about domestic"},{"startTime":2721.36,"endTime":2723.34,"body":"violence or sexual violence ever."},{"startTime":2723.625,"endTime":2728.065,"body":"But it's something that indigenous"},{"startTime":2723.625,"endTime":2728.065,"body":"women are taking, uh, really seriously."},{"startTime":2728.395,"endTime":2733.375,"body":"And it's something that I know that"},{"startTime":2728.395,"endTime":2733.375,"body":"I'm really proud to see, like my"},{"startTime":2733.375,"endTime":2734.575,"body":"brothers and sisters working on."},{"startTime":2734.635,"endTime":2737.545,"body":"So is that something that you often talk"},{"startTime":2734.635,"endTime":2737.545,"body":"about when you meet other indigenous"},{"startTime":2737.545,"endTime":2739.465,"body":"people or amongst your family?"},{"startTime":2739.885,"endTime":2743.755,"body":"I would definitely say amongst"},{"startTime":2739.885,"endTime":2743.755,"body":"my family, uh, yes, because."},{"startTime":2744.58,"endTime":2748.15,"body":"Sadly, I would say a surprising amount"},{"startTime":2744.58,"endTime":2748.15,"body":"of people in my family have experienced,"},{"startTime":2748.15,"endTime":2751.24,"body":"like, so I mean, the women in my"},{"startTime":2748.15,"endTime":2751.24,"body":"family have experienced some type of,"},{"startTime":2751.75,"endTime":2756.52,"body":"uh, domestic and or sexual abuse, um,"},{"startTime":2751.75,"endTime":2756.52,"body":"whether we were children and unknowing"},{"startTime":2756.52,"endTime":2759.76,"body":"or um, maybe even into adulthood."},{"startTime":2759.76,"endTime":2761.89,"body":"So I would say it's, it's really sad."},{"startTime":2761.98,"endTime":2768.22,"body":"Um,  and it's something that I think"},{"startTime":2761.98,"endTime":2768.22,"body":"has helped me personally process the"},{"startTime":2768.22,"endTime":2770.89,"body":"abuse that I went through as a child."},{"startTime":2771.22,"endTime":2774.009,"body":"Um, it's something that I'm"},{"startTime":2771.22,"endTime":2774.009,"body":"still kind of working out."},{"startTime":2774.009,"endTime":2775.93,"body":"I really don't know who it was."},{"startTime":2775.93,"endTime":2777.31,"body":"I just have vague memories."},{"startTime":2777.339,"endTime":2781.9,"body":"Um, my doctor and my therapist both"},{"startTime":2777.339,"endTime":2781.9,"body":"think, um, it's something that I can"},{"startTime":2781.9,"endTime":2787.975,"body":"work on with my family to kind of, uh,"},{"startTime":2781.9,"endTime":2787.975,"body":". I, I mean, just work through mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2788.215,"endTime":2793.165,"body":"and so like talking to my mom and like"},{"startTime":2788.215,"endTime":2793.165,"body":"a similar thing happening to my n when"},{"startTime":2793.165,"endTime":2797.125,"body":"she was little, It somehow has let me"},{"startTime":2793.165,"endTime":2797.125,"body":"know that I might be able to have like"},{"startTime":2797.13,"endTime":2800.455,"body":"a normal life and I might be able to."},{"startTime":2800.83,"endTime":2802.03,"body":"Be happy."},{"startTime":2802.36,"endTime":2802.45,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2802.96,"endTime":2807.07,"body":". But like, it's also really sad because"},{"startTime":2802.96,"endTime":2807.07,"body":"then my grandma's trying to relate to"},{"startTime":2807.07,"endTime":2809.32,"body":"me and tell me that it's gonna be okay."},{"startTime":2809.35,"endTime":2812.8,"body":"But the sexual violence, like"},{"startTime":2809.35,"endTime":2812.8,"body":"among indigenous women, like"},{"startTime":2812.8,"endTime":2814.57,"body":"didn't leave her unscathed."},{"startTime":2814.6,"endTime":2814.69,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2814.93,"endTime":2815.2,"body":"either."},{"startTime":2815.2,"endTime":2816.85,"body":"The fact that she could"},{"startTime":2815.2,"endTime":2816.85,"body":"relate to me mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2816.85,"endTime":2818.65,"body":"Actually makes me, like, wanna cry."},{"startTime":2818.68,"endTime":2819.61,"body":"And same with my mom."},{"startTime":2819.64,"endTime":2819.76,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2820.0,"endTime":2822.07,"body":", I wish they didn't relate to me."},{"startTime":2822.19,"endTime":2822.49,"body":"Mm."},{"startTime":2822.52,"endTime":2824.65,"body":"So do you wanna talk about."},{"startTime":2825.505,"endTime":2829.405,"body":"How that's affected you just"},{"startTime":2825.505,"endTime":2829.405,"body":"in your life as an adult?"},{"startTime":2829.495,"endTime":2837.25,"body":"Yeah, so I, um, , it's really,"},{"startTime":2829.495,"endTime":2837.25,"body":"um, Disgusting to see like the"},{"startTime":2837.25,"endTime":2839.08,"body":"sexualization of indigenous women."},{"startTime":2839.08,"endTime":2842.5,"body":"I mean, we see it in costumes,"},{"startTime":2839.08,"endTime":2842.5,"body":"we see it in people celebrating."},{"startTime":2842.5,"endTime":2844.57,"body":"We kind of see it in cartoons"},{"startTime":2842.5,"endTime":2844.57,"body":"and things like that."},{"startTime":2844.575,"endTime":2846.7,"body":"I mean, even Pocahontas was sexualized."},{"startTime":2847.06,"endTime":2852.13,"body":"Um, I will say in my adulthood it's"},{"startTime":2847.06,"endTime":2852.13,"body":"become like, I've seen it, um, become"},{"startTime":2852.13,"endTime":2854.05,"body":"kind of like a fetish for a lot of men."},{"startTime":2854.5,"endTime":2858.73,"body":"Um, and I will say I have not,"},{"startTime":2854.5,"endTime":2858.73,"body":"um, had this issue with women"},{"startTime":2858.73,"endTime":2859.72,"body":"that I've been interested in."},{"startTime":2859.75,"endTime":2865.075,"body":"I mean, I will say, . It's, it's been"},{"startTime":2859.75,"endTime":2865.075,"body":"primarily men who have hypersexualized"},{"startTime":2865.075,"endTime":2869.485,"body":"me because I've been indigenous, have,"},{"startTime":2865.075,"endTime":2869.485,"body":"um, like, have made comments to my"},{"startTime":2869.485,"endTime":2872.785,"body":"boyfriend because, um, I'm indigenous."},{"startTime":2872.875,"endTime":2875.575,"body":"Uh, my boyfriend came home from"},{"startTime":2872.875,"endTime":2875.575,"body":"work one day telling me how pissed"},{"startTime":2875.58,"endTime":2881.125,"body":"he was because, um, he was talking"},{"startTime":2875.58,"endTime":2881.125,"body":"about, uh, how I was indigenous to"},{"startTime":2881.125,"endTime":2886.615,"body":"his coworkers because I was, uh,"},{"startTime":2881.125,"endTime":2886.615,"body":"participating in, um, a tribal activity."},{"startTime":2886.705,"endTime":2890.995,"body":"And his coworker was like, Oh, I dated a"},{"startTime":2886.705,"endTime":2890.995,"body":"Cherokee woman, and all she wanted to do."},{"startTime":2891.67,"endTime":2892.36,"body":"Have sex."},{"startTime":2892.69,"endTime":2894.49,"body":"And he was like, So I know"},{"startTime":2892.69,"endTime":2894.49,"body":"you must be getting it."},{"startTime":2894.88,"endTime":2896.59,"body":"And he was like, It was disgusting."},{"startTime":2896.62,"endTime":2899.83,"body":"Yeah, it was actually, it was so foul."},{"startTime":2899.95,"endTime":2900.07,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2900.315,"endTime":2903.31,"body":". And it's something that he was"},{"startTime":2900.315,"endTime":2903.31,"body":"really pissed about, something"},{"startTime":2903.315,"endTime":2904.75,"body":"I was really pissed about."},{"startTime":2905.11,"endTime":2907.72,"body":"And it's one of those things where"},{"startTime":2905.11,"endTime":2907.72,"body":"like, he would've been risking"},{"startTime":2907.72,"endTime":2911.14,"body":"his job if he were to act out,"},{"startTime":2907.72,"endTime":2911.14,"body":"especially because he's an apprentice."},{"startTime":2911.2,"endTime":2914.2,"body":"So like, I just think it's one of those"},{"startTime":2911.2,"endTime":2914.2,"body":"things where like, I mean, he didn't"},{"startTime":2914.2,"endTime":2917.17,"body":"necessarily let it go, but I wouldn't"},{"startTime":2914.2,"endTime":2917.17,"body":"have wanted it to go any farther."},{"startTime":2917.2,"endTime":2917.5,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":2917.5,"endTime":2923.68,"body":"And so, Even in general when it hasn't"},{"startTime":2917.5,"endTime":2923.68,"body":"been, um, with my boyfriend, people"},{"startTime":2923.68,"endTime":2925.96,"body":"have just sexualized me in general,"},{"startTime":2923.68,"endTime":2925.96,"body":"saying that they've never been with an"},{"startTime":2925.96,"endTime":2929.86,"body":"indigenous woman or that they want to"},{"startTime":2925.96,"endTime":2929.86,"body":"be with an indigenous woman and like,"},{"startTime":2930.22,"endTime":2932.56,"body":"Oh, your hair is so long and black."},{"startTime":2932.56,"endTime":2935.05,"body":"Like, you know, native women just"},{"startTime":2932.56,"endTime":2935.05,"body":"have the most beautiful hair."},{"startTime":2935.05,"endTime":2935.89,"body":"I wanna pull it."},{"startTime":2935.95,"endTime":2941.11,"body":"And it's just like, why would you think"},{"startTime":2935.95,"endTime":2941.11,"body":"that's okay to say to someone mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2941.35,"endTime":2944.17,"body":". And then just thinking on top of that."},{"startTime":2944.17,"endTime":2947.92,"body":"But like, not only am I just"},{"startTime":2944.17,"endTime":2947.92,"body":"a body, but like, I wonder."},{"startTime":2949.675,"endTime":2951.475,"body":"to whoever assaulted"},{"startTime":2949.675,"endTime":2951.475,"body":"me when I was a child."},{"startTime":2951.475,"endTime":2954.145,"body":"If I was like just a body, then"},{"startTime":2951.475,"endTime":2954.145,"body":"like if indigenous children are"},{"startTime":2954.145,"endTime":2958.345,"body":"just, I mean, always sex, indigenous"},{"startTime":2954.145,"endTime":2958.345,"body":"women are always sexualized."},{"startTime":2958.375,"endTime":2958.465,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2958.71,"endTime":2959.755,"body":"and I, I mean, I really think we are."},{"startTime":2959.935,"endTime":2960.175,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2960.415,"endTime":2962.904,"body":". Um, and it's, it's really, really sad."},{"startTime":2962.935,"endTime":2963.025,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2963.475,"endTime":2969.955,"body":", um, I will say even when, um, , we"},{"startTime":2963.475,"endTime":2969.955,"body":"learn about indigenous women in history"},{"startTime":2970.015,"endTime":2975.145,"body":"and when I learn about women in my"},{"startTime":2970.015,"endTime":2975.145,"body":"tribe, I mean they were like raped by"},{"startTime":2975.15,"endTime":2979.465,"body":"Conta doors and you know, indigenous"},{"startTime":2975.15,"endTime":2979.465,"body":"women were raped throughout history"},{"startTime":2979.465,"endTime":2980.935,"body":"and taken us slaves and sex slaves."},{"startTime":2980.935,"endTime":2984.205,"body":"So it's something that has never"},{"startTime":2980.935,"endTime":2984.205,"body":"been able to really escape us."},{"startTime":2984.235,"endTime":2984.475,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":2985.195,"endTime":2990.085,"body":". Yeah, I think that just a take away I"},{"startTime":2985.195,"endTime":2990.085,"body":"have just from listening to that and never"},{"startTime":2990.085,"endTime":2995.065,"body":"hearing about that experience before,"},{"startTime":2990.085,"endTime":2995.065,"body":"just gives a show that there's so many."},{"startTime":2995.59,"endTime":2999.4,"body":"Different things going on that,"},{"startTime":2995.59,"endTime":2999.4,"body":"you know, you face that people of"},{"startTime":3000.24,"endTime":3004.2,"body":"different backgrounds face that"},{"startTime":3000.24,"endTime":3004.2,"body":"people like me who are white, like,"},{"startTime":3004.2,"endTime":3006.06,"body":"don't see that, don't hear that ever."},{"startTime":3006.12,"endTime":3008.85,"body":"Mm-hmm . And I just feel like that's"},{"startTime":3006.12,"endTime":3008.85,"body":"really important too, cuz I feel like."},{"startTime":3009.42,"endTime":3013.23,"body":"I mean, white people in general in our"},{"startTime":3009.42,"endTime":3013.23,"body":"country like to think that they know"},{"startTime":3013.23,"endTime":3015.72,"body":"everything that people are going through,"},{"startTime":3013.23,"endTime":3015.72,"body":"but there's just so many things that"},{"startTime":3015.72,"endTime":3018.66,"body":"we don't even see that you have to deal"},{"startTime":3015.72,"endTime":3018.66,"body":"with just because of where you come from."},{"startTime":3018.87,"endTime":3019.35,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":3019.5,"endTime":3020.22,"body":"No, definitely."},{"startTime":3020.22,"endTime":3021.51,"body":"I, I definitely agree."},{"startTime":3022.86,"endTime":3026.64,"body":"As a grad student lyric spoke a little"},{"startTime":3022.86,"endTime":3026.64,"body":"bit about if she still faces being the"},{"startTime":3026.645,"endTime":3028.21,"body":"indigenous expert in the classroom."},{"startTime":3029.029,"endTime":3033.109,"body":"Now in, she like, I'm so grateful"},{"startTime":3029.029,"endTime":3033.109,"body":"for this opportunity and you know,"},{"startTime":3033.109,"endTime":3037.129,"body":"if anyone from NYU ever listens,"},{"startTime":3033.109,"endTime":3037.129,"body":"like I really do love this program."},{"startTime":3037.19,"endTime":3038.96,"body":"I just wanna clarify, that's"},{"startTime":3037.19,"endTime":3038.96,"body":"the name of your program?"},{"startTime":3038.99,"endTime":3039.259,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":3039.259,"endTime":3040.7,"body":"Science, Health and"},{"startTime":3039.259,"endTime":3040.7,"body":"Environmental Reporting."},{"startTime":3041.029,"endTime":3044.33,"body":"Sherp . So I'm a she 40, which"},{"startTime":3041.029,"endTime":3044.33,"body":"means I'm the 40th class, but"},{"startTime":3044.69,"endTime":3047.75,"body":"I'm the first indigenous person"},{"startTime":3044.69,"endTime":3047.75,"body":"graduating from this program."},{"startTime":3048.08,"endTime":3048.589,"body":"Um, in."},{"startTime":3049.44,"endTime":3050.25,"body":"40 years."},{"startTime":3050.31,"endTime":3050.549,"body":"Wow."},{"startTime":3050.549,"endTime":3053.22,"body":"And so it's one of those things where"},{"startTime":3050.549,"endTime":3053.22,"body":"even now, I feel like with some of my"},{"startTime":3053.22,"endTime":3059.64,"body":"professors, like they don't necessarily"},{"startTime":3053.22,"endTime":3059.64,"body":"ask me questions anymore, but I am the"},{"startTime":3059.64,"endTime":3064.17,"body":"person who is bringing up like indigenous"},{"startTime":3059.64,"endTime":3064.17,"body":"topics, like in science and in house."},{"startTime":3064.18,"endTime":3064.42,"body":"Right?"},{"startTime":3064.424,"endTime":3064.5,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":3064.5,"endTime":3067.799,"body":"Because people aren't, and it's"},{"startTime":3064.5,"endTime":3067.799,"body":"not necessarily because they don't"},{"startTime":3067.799,"endTime":3069.859,"body":"care, but they don't know like I do."},{"startTime":3069.859,"endTime":3070.42,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3070.504,"endTime":3076.62,"body":". And so it's one of those things where"},{"startTime":3070.504,"endTime":3076.62,"body":"I feel like I will never escape the."},{"startTime":3079.965,"endTime":3080.715,"body":"What's the right word?"},{"startTime":3080.805,"endTime":3085.335,"body":"Not necessarily ignorance, , but"},{"startTime":3080.805,"endTime":3085.335,"body":"I will never, uh, I guess escape"},{"startTime":3085.815,"endTime":3091.155,"body":"the lack of knowledge people"},{"startTime":3085.815,"endTime":3091.155,"body":"have for indigenous people."},{"startTime":3091.455,"endTime":3100.305,"body":"And I will never be able to"},{"startTime":3091.455,"endTime":3100.305,"body":"understand why I am the person that"},{"startTime":3101.205,"endTime":3102.945,"body":"ends up being the one people go to."},{"startTime":3103.165,"endTime":3103.485,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3103.845,"endTime":3105.845,"body":", I mean, I feel like."},{"startTime":3106.259,"endTime":3110.31,"body":"Because I'm outspoken, but it's just"},{"startTime":3106.259,"endTime":3110.31,"body":"one of those things where like, okay,"},{"startTime":3110.58,"endTime":3113.549,"body":"I, I feel like at this point you need"},{"startTime":3110.58,"endTime":3113.549,"body":"to just kind of educate yourselves."},{"startTime":3113.609,"endTime":3113.879,"body":"I don't know."},{"startTime":3114.029,"endTime":3114.27,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3114.274,"endTime":3114.45,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3114.45,"endTime":3116.79,"body":"Do you feel like people's lack of know."},{"startTime":3117.255,"endTime":3119.025,"body":"Part of what drew you"},{"startTime":3117.255,"endTime":3119.025,"body":"to being a journalist?"},{"startTime":3119.295,"endTime":3122.444,"body":"I definitely think so, just"},{"startTime":3119.295,"endTime":3122.444,"body":"because like, I am passionate about"},{"startTime":3122.444,"endTime":3123.855,"body":"indigenous topics, as you know."},{"startTime":3123.855,"endTime":3123.944,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3124.245,"endTime":3128.444,"body":"Um, so I really do want to"},{"startTime":3124.245,"endTime":3128.444,"body":"tell more indigenous stories"},{"startTime":3128.444,"endTime":3130.005,"body":"and people stories in general."},{"startTime":3130.275,"endTime":3133.605,"body":"And I think sharing, you know,"},{"startTime":3130.275,"endTime":3133.605,"body":"these stories with people will"},{"startTime":3133.605,"endTime":3138.705,"body":"really, really allow me to help kind"},{"startTime":3133.605,"endTime":3138.705,"body":"of bridge that gap in education."},{"startTime":3138.875,"endTime":3139.154,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3139.235,"endTime":3140.475,"body":"to the best of my abilities."},{"startTime":3140.505,"endTime":3140.595,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3140.835,"endTime":3142.845,"body":". So I, I think that's something"},{"startTime":3140.835,"endTime":3142.845,"body":"that I'm really passionate about."},{"startTime":3142.845,"endTime":3142.904,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3142.935,"endTime":3145.77,"body":"Well, one thing I hope that people"},{"startTime":3142.935,"endTime":3145.77,"body":"take away from listening, Any"},{"startTime":3145.77,"endTime":3149.04,"body":"part of this podcast is to just go"},{"startTime":3145.77,"endTime":3149.04,"body":"look stuff up and teach yourself"},{"startTime":3149.04,"endTime":3150.24,"body":"after you listen to all of this."},{"startTime":3150.54,"endTime":3154.98,"body":"Like, there can't be, there's"},{"startTime":3150.54,"endTime":3154.98,"body":"just so many things to learn."},{"startTime":3155.04,"endTime":3158.97,"body":"Um, is there anything else that"},{"startTime":3155.04,"endTime":3158.97,"body":"you want to mention just about"},{"startTime":3160.23,"endTime":3162.6,"body":"history, education in the us?"},{"startTime":3163.35,"endTime":3165.81,"body":"Um, I, I really think."},{"startTime":3166.305,"endTime":3171.464,"body":"That it is unfair and unbalanced,"},{"startTime":3166.305,"endTime":3171.464,"body":"not just within, of course, um,"},{"startTime":3172.095,"endTime":3176.174,"body":"indigenous culture, but as someone"},{"startTime":3172.095,"endTime":3176.174,"body":"who's also black and bisexual."},{"startTime":3176.174,"endTime":3179.444,"body":"I feel like those topics are lacking"},{"startTime":3176.174,"endTime":3179.444,"body":"in education as well, and I know you"},{"startTime":3179.45,"endTime":3182.595,"body":"have other episodes about those, but"},{"startTime":3179.45,"endTime":3182.595,"body":"it's something that I'm really excited"},{"startTime":3182.6,"endTime":3186.615,"body":"that you're putting together because I"},{"startTime":3182.6,"endTime":3186.615,"body":"think it's really, really important and."},{"startTime":3187.575,"endTime":3189.885,"body":"I'm running for this"},{"startTime":3187.575,"endTime":3189.885,"body":"Indian world next year."},{"startTime":3189.885,"endTime":3194.115,"body":"So I think one of the things that I"},{"startTime":3189.885,"endTime":3194.115,"body":"really want to talk about during my,"},{"startTime":3194.175,"endTime":3199.965,"body":"um, running process and possibly rain"},{"startTime":3194.175,"endTime":3199.965,"body":"if I'm elected, is the lack of, um,"},{"startTime":3200.025,"endTime":3202.155,"body":"education on indigenous topics, Uh mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3202.605,"endTime":3204.045,"body":"in the US education system."},{"startTime":3204.105,"endTime":3204.195,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3204.435,"endTime":3208.815,"body":". So hopefully, you know, um, if it's"},{"startTime":3204.435,"endTime":3208.815,"body":"not this podcast, if it's not just"},{"startTime":3208.815,"endTime":3212.685,"body":"this podcast that I'm able to make a"},{"startTime":3208.815,"endTime":3212.685,"body":"difference with, it will be that as well."},{"startTime":3212.69,"endTime":3212.995,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3212.995,"endTime":3213.435,"body":"That's awesome."},{"startTime":3213.485,"endTime":3214.115,"body":"Do you feel."},{"startTime":3215.325,"endTime":3219.674,"body":", you know, being indigenous, black,"},{"startTime":3215.325,"endTime":3219.674,"body":"bisexual, that depending on what"},{"startTime":3219.674,"endTime":3225.225,"body":"space you're in, people like kind"},{"startTime":3219.674,"endTime":3225.225,"body":"of label you as one of those things."},{"startTime":3225.345,"endTime":3227.174,"body":"Definitely, definitely, Definitely."},{"startTime":3227.775,"endTime":3232.005,"body":"I feel like in um,  a lot of spaces."},{"startTime":3232.005,"endTime":3234.765,"body":"That's, I feel like, especially, I"},{"startTime":3232.005,"endTime":3234.765,"body":"don't know, when I'm on my reservation,"},{"startTime":3234.765,"endTime":3236.955,"body":"like I'm more indigenous, you know?"},{"startTime":3236.955,"endTime":3237.195,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3237.355,"endTime":3241.695,"body":"and then, I mean, you know, at certain"},{"startTime":3237.355,"endTime":3241.695,"body":"gatherings with like my black side"},{"startTime":3241.695,"endTime":3244.875,"body":"of the family, I feel like, you know,"},{"startTime":3241.695,"endTime":3244.875,"body":"that day like, you know, I'm more black"},{"startTime":3245.295,"endTime":3247.425,"body":", just, I really, it just really depends."},{"startTime":3247.425,"endTime":3250.695,"body":"Like I know I am who I am, but I"},{"startTime":3247.425,"endTime":3250.695,"body":"feel like different facets of me."},{"startTime":3252.285,"endTime":3257.805,"body":"are kind of opened up in these spaces"},{"startTime":3252.285,"endTime":3257.805,"body":"kind of based on people's expectations."},{"startTime":3257.835,"endTime":3258.105,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3258.105,"endTime":3260.505,"body":"And I feel like I kind of"},{"startTime":3258.105,"endTime":3260.505,"body":"code switched my personality."},{"startTime":3260.535,"endTime":3260.655,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3261.225,"endTime":3264.465,"body":"and it's not, So do you feel like"},{"startTime":3261.225,"endTime":3264.465,"body":"you have a pressure to do that?"},{"startTime":3265.035,"endTime":3265.845,"body":"Sometimes I do."},{"startTime":3265.875,"endTime":3266.625,"body":"Yeah, sometimes."},{"startTime":3266.63,"endTime":3267.615,"body":"I definitely do."},{"startTime":3267.915,"endTime":3272.355,"body":"Um, I think in academic situations I kind"},{"startTime":3267.915,"endTime":3272.355,"body":"of try to go for my neutral at first until"},{"startTime":3272.355,"endTime":3277.365,"body":"I figure out what the situation is like,"},{"startTime":3272.355,"endTime":3277.365,"body":"and then I can just be, um, me freely."},{"startTime":3277.365,"endTime":3277.455,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":3278.565,"endTime":3282.075,"body":"But one thing, I mean, I can never"},{"startTime":3278.565,"endTime":3282.075,"body":"hide, and I mean I don't want to hide"},{"startTime":3282.075,"endTime":3283.815,"body":"it, is that I am a person of color."},{"startTime":3283.875,"endTime":3289.275,"body":"So regardless, I mean, that is always"},{"startTime":3283.875,"endTime":3289.275,"body":"something that is going to kind of change"},{"startTime":3289.275,"endTime":3290.955,"body":"my interactions on a day to day basis."},{"startTime":3290.984,"endTime":3291.075,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3291.375,"endTime":3295.484,"body":". But if people, and I have been in"},{"startTime":3291.375,"endTime":3295.484,"body":"situations where people have said"},{"startTime":3295.484,"endTime":3298.095,"body":"ignorant things about indigenous"},{"startTime":3295.484,"endTime":3298.095,"body":"people, and I'm like, Huh, you thought"},{"startTime":3298.095,"endTime":3300.615,"body":"I was just black, but I'm indigenous"},{"startTime":3298.095,"endTime":3300.615,"body":"and I'm gonna correct you as mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3300.855,"endTime":3301.665,"body":"to why you're wrong."},{"startTime":3302.055,"endTime":3306.315,"body":"So I think it's one of those"},{"startTime":3302.055,"endTime":3306.315,"body":"things where, um, kind of."},{"startTime":3306.965,"endTime":3309.945,"body":"Uh, revealing different parts"},{"startTime":3306.965,"endTime":3309.945,"body":"of my personality when I can."},{"startTime":3310.154,"endTime":3310.305,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3310.365,"endTime":3312.735,"body":"Um, can be used in like a helpful way."},{"startTime":3312.825,"endTime":3312.975,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3313.005,"endTime":3319.125,"body":"Do you feel like the way that, you know,"},{"startTime":3313.005,"endTime":3319.125,"body":"we learn about different groups of people."},{"startTime":3319.935,"endTime":3322.065,"body":"For example, if we're learning about"},{"startTime":3319.935,"endTime":3322.065,"body":"the history of black people in our"},{"startTime":3322.065,"endTime":3325.075,"body":"country, if we're learning about"},{"startTime":3322.065,"endTime":3325.075,"body":"the history of indigenous people in"},{"startTime":3325.075,"endTime":3329.955,"body":"our country, that that has an effect"},{"startTime":3325.075,"endTime":3329.955,"body":"of people think maybe they know"},{"startTime":3329.955,"endTime":3331.275,"body":"these groups of people because of."},{"startTime":3332.49,"endTime":3335.73,"body":"Symbolic things that are put into"},{"startTime":3332.49,"endTime":3335.73,"body":"our, like American history, education."},{"startTime":3335.76,"endTime":3335.85,"body":"Mm-hmm."},{"startTime":3336.095,"endTime":3339.0,"body":", that, that kind of correlates into"},{"startTime":3336.095,"endTime":3339.0,"body":"the way I guess people in America."},{"startTime":3339.66,"endTime":3341.28,"body":"Tell somebody who they are?"},{"startTime":3341.64,"endTime":3343.17,"body":"Oh, I definitely think so."},{"startTime":3343.26,"endTime":3345.03,"body":"I definitely, definitely think so."},{"startTime":3345.03,"endTime":3346.44,"body":"Not just in terms of racism."},{"startTime":3346.44,"endTime":3349.86,"body":"I feel like a lot of people use that"},{"startTime":3346.44,"endTime":3349.86,"body":"rhetoric, um, to be racist, but I think"},{"startTime":3349.86,"endTime":3354.69,"body":"in general, uh, people have preconceived"},{"startTime":3349.86,"endTime":3354.69,"body":"notions about your intelligence, about"},{"startTime":3354.69,"endTime":3358.62,"body":"what you're able to achieve or who"},{"startTime":3354.69,"endTime":3358.62,"body":"you are and where you came from based"},{"startTime":3358.62,"endTime":3361.5,"body":"off of these, um, based off of these."},{"startTime":3362.37,"endTime":3363.33,"body":"Uh, yeah."},{"startTime":3363.41,"endTime":3363.65,"body":"Thanks."},{"startTime":3363.65,"endTime":3364.01,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3364.47,"endTime":3366.78,"body":"Well, thank you for sharing"},{"startTime":3364.47,"endTime":3366.78,"body":"everything that you did with us today."},{"startTime":3366.785,"endTime":3370.14,"body":"I, One thing I didn't wanna do,"},{"startTime":3366.785,"endTime":3370.14,"body":"going into this was like making"},{"startTime":3370.14,"endTime":3373.11,"body":"you be like a spokesperson of"},{"startTime":3370.14,"endTime":3373.11,"body":"like, explaining these topics."},{"startTime":3373.115,"endTime":3374.49,"body":"Like I really just wanted you to share."},{"startTime":3374.97,"endTime":3375.96,"body":"Your personal experience."},{"startTime":3375.96,"endTime":3378.54,"body":"So I hope that that's, Yeah,"},{"startTime":3375.96,"endTime":3378.54,"body":"no, definitely what you felt."},{"startTime":3378.569,"endTime":3380.129,"body":"Yeah, I didn't feel any pressure at all."},{"startTime":3380.129,"endTime":3380.7,"body":"It was really great."},{"startTime":3380.879,"endTime":3381.569,"body":"Okay, good."},{"startTime":3381.81,"endTime":3385.14,"body":"Um, do you wanna like plug your socials,"},{"startTime":3381.81,"endTime":3385.14,"body":"I mean, you're working journalist Yeah."},{"startTime":3385.14,"endTime":3387.029,"body":"I wanna make sure people like,"},{"startTime":3385.14,"endTime":3387.029,"body":"know where to find you if they"},{"startTime":3387.029,"endTime":3388.35,"body":"wanna hire you for something."},{"startTime":3388.41,"endTime":3389.759,"body":"Oh my gosh, yeah, that would be great."},{"startTime":3389.765,"endTime":3396.24,"body":"So my Twitter is at Wonderland Lyric and"},{"startTime":3389.765,"endTime":3396.24,"body":"then my Instagram is lyric nine seven."},{"startTime":3396.31,"endTime":3396.67,"body":"Three."},{"startTime":3396.67,"endTime":3397.21,"body":"Three."},{"startTime":3397.48,"endTime":3399.88,"body":"And then I'm on LinkedIn as Lyrica Aquino."},{"startTime":3399.94,"endTime":3404.14,"body":"And if you have any questions,"},{"startTime":3399.94,"endTime":3404.14,"body":"comments, or concerns, you can email"},{"startTime":3404.14,"endTime":3413.56,"body":"me, um, at aquino a q u i n o gmail.com"},{"startTime":3404.14,"endTime":3413.56,"body":"or visit my website aquino.com."},{"startTime":3414.279,"endTime":3414.61,"body":"Awesome."},{"startTime":3414.61,"endTime":3415.12,"body":"Thank you."},{"startTime":3415.12,"endTime":3415.68,"body":"Thanks."},{"startTime":3421.395,"endTime":3424.815,"body":"Thanks for listening to this week's"},{"startTime":3421.395,"endTime":3424.815,"body":"episode of Reconsider Everything."},{"startTime":3425.355,"endTime":3428.055,"body":"If you enjoyed the conversation"},{"startTime":3425.355,"endTime":3428.055,"body":"today, subscribe for more"},{"startTime":3428.055,"endTime":3429.465,"body":"episodes and lever review."},{"startTime":3430.305,"endTime":3431.955,"body":"I'm your host, Marissa Nichol."},{"startTime":3432.465,"endTime":3434.525,"body":"All sound design is done by Tim Perk."},{"startTime":3434.985,"endTime":3437.365,"body":"All music was composed by Alex Waki."},{"startTime":3437.709,"endTime":3441.37,"body":"And Cover Art was created by"},{"startTime":3437.709,"endTime":3441.37,"body":"Olivia Nichol for this episode."},{"startTime":3441.399,"endTime":3445.12,"body":"The Cross-Cultural Design Class at"},{"startTime":3441.399,"endTime":3445.12,"body":"Heron School of Art and Design created"},{"startTime":3445.12,"endTime":3448.779,"body":"artwork specifically based on what we"},{"startTime":3445.12,"endTime":3448.779,"body":"discussed today, which you can find"},{"startTime":3448.785,"endTime":3451.839,"body":"featured on our social media handles"},{"startTime":3448.785,"endTime":3451.839,"body":"in the description below, along with"},{"startTime":3451.839,"endTime":3453.759,"body":"resources to continue your education."},{"startTime":3454.24,"endTime":3456.669,"body":"Join us every Tuesday for another episode."}]}