{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":116.473,"endTime":120.561,"body":"I'm Judith, and this is the Starline"},{"startTime":116.473,"endTime":120.561,"body":"Equine Bodywork podcast."},{"startTime":120.769,"endTime":123.647,"body":"This is a podcast about all of the things"},{"startTime":120.769,"endTime":123.647,"body":"that I've learned"},{"startTime":123.647,"endTime":126.65,"body":"and continue to learn in my career"},{"startTime":123.647,"endTime":126.65,"body":"with horses."},{"startTime":126.859,"endTime":129.82,"body":"For the better part of a decade,"},{"startTime":126.859,"endTime":129.82,"body":"I've been a full time equine"},{"startTime":129.82,"endTime":132.906,"body":"bodywork"},{"startTime":129.82,"endTime":132.906,"body":"practitioner, educator, and author."},{"startTime":133.24,"endTime":138.787,"body":"My obsession how horses really work"},{"startTime":133.24,"endTime":138.787,"body":"and how to get the most"},{"startTime":138.912,"endTime":142.124,"body":"from our relationship"},{"startTime":138.912,"endTime":142.124,"body":"with them in training and in sport."},{"startTime":142.708,"endTime":146.044,"body":"My passion"},{"startTime":142.708,"endTime":146.044,"body":"helping horse owners and body workers"},{"startTime":146.044,"endTime":149.089,"body":"and aspiring body workers get going."},{"startTime":149.381,"endTime":154.219,"body":"Unpack the latest science,"},{"startTime":149.381,"endTime":154.219,"body":"research and experiences behind what we do"},{"startTime":154.219,"endTime":157.89,"body":"with horses to support their potential"},{"startTime":154.219,"endTime":157.89,"body":"and optimize"},{"startTime":157.89,"endTime":160.893,"body":"their performance."},{"startTime":161.226,"endTime":164.27100000000002,"body":"Have you ever palpated a horse's back"},{"startTime":164.60500000000002,"endTime":167.816,"body":"and seen an odd muscle twitch?"},{"startTime":168.066,"endTime":171.653,"body":"Well,"},{"startTime":168.066,"endTime":171.653,"body":"these are muscle for circulations now."},{"startTime":172.362,"endTime":176.15800000000002,"body":"This is an involuntary localized"},{"startTime":176.15800000000002,"endTime":181.57999999999998,"body":"twitch of the skeletal muscle fibers"},{"startTime":176.15800000000002,"endTime":181.57999999999998,"body":"that are visible under the skin"},{"startTime":181.747,"endTime":186.83499999999998,"body":"as small sort of rapid contract"},{"startTime":181.747,"endTime":186.83499999999998,"body":"contractions."},{"startTime":186.83499999999998,"endTime":188.003,"body":"Excuse me."},{"startTime":188.003,"endTime":190.547,"body":"They occur when there is"},{"startTime":190.547,"endTime":195.09300000000002,"body":"a spontaneous depolarize"},{"startTime":190.547,"endTime":195.09300000000002,"body":"ation of motor neurons or muscle fibers,"},{"startTime":195.26,"endTime":200.18200000000002,"body":"and they often originate at the motor"},{"startTime":195.26,"endTime":200.18200000000002,"body":"unit level."},{"startTime":200.349,"endTime":205.39499999999998,"body":"So a motor neuron"},{"startTime":200.349,"endTime":205.39499999999998,"body":"and the muscle fibers that it innervates."},{"startTime":205.812,"endTime":208.774,"body":"So a motor unit in a muscle"},{"startTime":208.774,"endTime":213.946,"body":"is like a tiny little team"},{"startTime":208.774,"endTime":213.946,"body":"that helps move the muscle."},{"startTime":213.987,"endTime":217.99099999999999,"body":"It consists of a single motor neuron"},{"startTime":213.987,"endTime":217.99099999999999,"body":"or a nerve cell"},{"startTime":218.28300000000002,"endTime":222.329,"body":"and the muscle fibers"},{"startTime":218.28300000000002,"endTime":222.329,"body":"it connects to and controls."},{"startTime":222.74599999999998,"endTime":227.793,"body":"Now when the brain sends a signal"},{"startTime":222.74599999999998,"endTime":227.793,"body":"through the motor neuron,"},{"startTime":227.793,"endTime":233.34,"body":"it tells those muscle fibers to contract,"},{"startTime":227.793,"endTime":233.34,"body":"creating movement or force."},{"startTime":233.548,"endTime":238.22,"body":"And depending on the job,"},{"startTime":233.548,"endTime":238.22,"body":"whether it's, in a human example,"},{"startTime":238.553,"endTime":243.684,"body":"if you're going to lift, let's say,"},{"startTime":238.553,"endTime":243.684,"body":"a feather versus something heavy, like,"},{"startTime":243.767,"endTime":249.106,"body":"a weight or a dumbbell,"},{"startTime":243.767,"endTime":249.106,"body":"your body recruits a different number"},{"startTime":249.106,"endTime":254.82,"body":"of these motor units"},{"startTime":249.106,"endTime":254.82,"body":"with small ones for precision and big ones"},{"startTime":254.82,"endTime":258.74,"body":"for those more powerful thrusts"},{"startTime":254.82,"endTime":258.74,"body":"that are required."},{"startTime":259.491,"endTime":263.412,"body":"So it's pretty cool"},{"startTime":259.491,"endTime":263.412,"body":"how the body works together."},{"startTime":263.87,"endTime":267.708,"body":"Now, in horses"},{"startTime":263.87,"endTime":267.708,"body":"specifically these situations"},{"startTime":267.791,"endTime":273.547,"body":"that occur really often"},{"startTime":267.791,"endTime":273.547,"body":"when we are palpating, I see it a lot in,"},{"startTime":273.714,"endTime":278.427,"body":"the long Decimus dorsi in the back"},{"startTime":273.714,"endTime":278.427,"body":"muscles of horses."},{"startTime":278.719,"endTime":282.055,"body":"What, they often signal."},{"startTime":282.472,"endTime":285.1,"body":"Is something going on?"},{"startTime":285.1,"endTime":289.479,"body":"A hyper excitability"},{"startTime":285.1,"endTime":289.479,"body":"in the neuromuscular system."},{"startTime":289.73,"endTime":292.941,"body":"And it can often be linked to stress,"},{"startTime":293.525,"endTime":296.236,"body":"fatigue of the muscle"},{"startTime":296.236,"endTime":299.281,"body":"or underlying chronic tension"},{"startTime":299.406,"endTime":303.201,"body":"in the muscle tissue itself. So"},{"startTime":304.244,"endTime":305.579,"body":"why do they happen"},{"startTime":305.579,"endTime":309.499,"body":"when we are palpating has a lot to do"},{"startTime":309.499,"endTime":314.004,"body":"with the sensory input"},{"startTime":309.499,"endTime":314.004,"body":"and the reflex loops that result."},{"startTime":314.755,"endTime":319.551,"body":"So when we palpate a horse,"},{"startTime":314.755,"endTime":319.551,"body":"we're stimulating mechanical receptors."},{"startTime":319.551,"endTime":321.428,"body":"And I talk about that a lot."},{"startTime":321.428,"endTime":326.725,"body":"They are nerve receptors"},{"startTime":321.428,"endTime":326.725,"body":"that are in the skin and in the muscle,"},{"startTime":326.975,"endTime":332.356,"body":"and they send signals"},{"startTime":326.975,"endTime":332.356,"body":"via afferent nerves to the spinal cord."},{"startTime":332.397,"endTime":336.526,"body":"Now, this can trigger"},{"startTime":332.397,"endTime":336.526,"body":"this exaggerated reflex,"},{"startTime":337.277,"endTime":340.614,"body":"as a response in these muscles"},{"startTime":337.277,"endTime":340.614,"body":"that are already sort of"},{"startTime":340.614,"endTime":346.244,"body":"in a heightened state of irritability"},{"startTime":340.614,"endTime":346.244,"body":"or already hyper excited."},{"startTime":347.454,"endTime":350.791,"body":"Now, the role of calcium ions in,"},{"startTime":351.083,"endTime":354.127,"body":"muscle contractions is really important"},{"startTime":354.127,"endTime":359.633,"body":"for simulations may actually be happening"},{"startTime":354.127,"endTime":359.633,"body":"because there are disruptions"},{"startTime":359.633,"endTime":363.804,"body":"in calcium regulation"},{"startTime":359.633,"endTime":363.804,"body":"within the muscle cells."},{"startTime":364.096,"endTime":367.557,"body":"So this gives sort of an overload or"},{"startTime":367.557,"endTime":371.186,"body":"a sensitivity, often due to overuse,"},{"startTime":371.52,"endTime":374.815,"body":"dehydration, or electrolyte imbalances"},{"startTime":374.981,"endTime":378.652,"body":"that are common in equine athletes."},{"startTime":378.652,"endTime":380.02799999999996,"body":"Specifically."},{"startTime":381.113,"endTime":384.116,"body":"Now, stress and pain can also"},{"startTime":384.116,"endTime":388.495,"body":"activate that sympathetic nervous system"},{"startTime":384.116,"endTime":388.495,"body":"and body workers."},{"startTime":388.495,"endTime":392.416,"body":"We are all too familiar"},{"startTime":388.495,"endTime":392.416,"body":"with that response."},{"startTime":392.791,"endTime":396.79499999999996,"body":"What happens then is we're getting"},{"startTime":392.791,"endTime":396.79499999999996,"body":"an increase in muscle tone,"},{"startTime":397.37899999999996,"endTime":401.007,"body":"and it predisposes these fibers to twitch"},{"startTime":401.216,"endTime":404.05199999999996,"body":"when they are mechanically stimulated"},{"startTime":404.05199999999996,"endTime":407.18,"body":"during our palpation exam."},{"startTime":408.014,"endTime":413.437,"body":"So one of the things I think is"},{"startTime":408.014,"endTime":413.437,"body":"really important is to put it into context"},{"startTime":413.437,"endTime":417.35699999999997,"body":"of what they mean"},{"startTime":413.437,"endTime":417.35699999999997,"body":"specifically to the horses."},{"startTime":417.774,"endTime":421.361,"body":"They are a really good indicator."},{"startTime":421.361,"endTime":425.323,"body":"And I think we all need"},{"startTime":421.361,"endTime":425.323,"body":"to take a lot of notes when we see them,"},{"startTime":425.615,"endTime":430.162,"body":"because they're an indicator of the health"},{"startTime":425.615,"endTime":430.162,"body":"of the horse's muscles."},{"startTime":430.537,"endTime":433.78999999999996,"body":"So for those of you"},{"startTime":430.537,"endTime":433.78999999999996,"body":"who are science minded,"},{"startTime":434.916,"endTime":439.12899999999996,"body":"I think of these four circulations"},{"startTime":434.916,"endTime":439.12899999999996,"body":"as a clue."},{"startTime":439.62899999999996,"endTime":442.924,"body":"They might be relevant to, let's say,"},{"startTime":442.924,"endTime":446.01099999999997,"body":"localized muscle fatigue or compensatory,"},{"startTime":446.76099999999997,"endTime":450.89099999999996,"body":"compensatory tension"},{"startTime":446.76099999999997,"endTime":450.89099999999996,"body":"from injuries elsewhere in the body"},{"startTime":451.224,"endTime":454.978,"body":"or the early sign"},{"startTime":451.224,"endTime":454.978,"body":"of a neuromuscular disorder."},{"startTime":455.687,"endTime":458.27299999999997,"body":"So while they're rare, it is important"},{"startTime":458.27299999999997,"endTime":462.527,"body":"to take note of them and discuss them"},{"startTime":462.527,"endTime":468.074,"body":"with the client's veterinarian"},{"startTime":462.527,"endTime":468.074,"body":"when we see them sort of chronically."},{"startTime":468.40799999999996,"endTime":471.24399999999997,"body":"Now, I don't want you to be,"},{"startTime":468.40799999999996,"endTime":471.24399999999997,"body":"you know, fearful when you see them"},{"startTime":471.24399999999997,"endTime":474.664,"body":"because the circulations"},{"startTime":471.24399999999997,"endTime":474.664,"body":"are not always pathological."},{"startTime":474.873,"endTime":480.50399999999996,"body":"So, you know, it's very common"},{"startTime":474.873,"endTime":480.50399999999996,"body":"and very normal to see them"},{"startTime":480.50399999999996,"endTime":485.675,"body":"post exercise, but with persistent"},{"startTime":480.50399999999996,"endTime":485.675,"body":"and widespread twitching."},{"startTime":485.842,"endTime":490.222,"body":"This is sort of"},{"startTime":485.842,"endTime":490.222,"body":"what would warrant a deeper investigation."},{"startTime":490.347,"endTime":494.726,"body":"So whether it's nerve irritation,"},{"startTime":490.347,"endTime":494.726,"body":"a myofascial restriction,"},{"startTime":494.726,"endTime":499.18899999999996,"body":"a hydration issue or one of those,"},{"startTime":499.31399999999996,"endTime":504.11,"body":"you know, an equine motor neuron disease,"},{"startTime":499.31399999999996,"endTime":504.11,"body":"a neuromuscular disorder,"},{"startTime":504.11,"endTime":508.698,"body":"those things, you know, do require,"},{"startTime":504.11,"endTime":508.698,"body":"looking into a little bit better."},{"startTime":509.574,"endTime":514.371,"body":"Now, like I said, it's important"},{"startTime":509.574,"endTime":514.371,"body":"for people who are bodywork"},{"startTime":514.371,"endTime":519.626,"body":"practitioners to really note"},{"startTime":514.371,"endTime":519.626,"body":"where in the horse's body this occurs"},{"startTime":519.918,"endTime":522.921,"body":"and correlate it with the horse's"},{"startTime":519.918,"endTime":522.921,"body":"workload,"},{"startTime":523.463,"endTime":529.344,"body":"their posture, their history,"},{"startTime":523.463,"endTime":529.344,"body":"their health, history, and where"},{"startTime":529.344,"endTime":534.391,"body":"they've had traumas in their life,"},{"startTime":529.344,"endTime":534.391,"body":"actual physical blows and traumas."},{"startTime":534.641,"endTime":540.105,"body":"Because it can be the answer to"},{"startTime":534.641,"endTime":540.105,"body":"what is going on."},{"startTime":540.272,"endTime":544.859,"body":"Like I said, I commonly see this"},{"startTime":540.272,"endTime":544.859,"body":"in the low back of horses."},{"startTime":545.0260000000001,"endTime":549.4060000000001,"body":"Often when you go in and mechanically"},{"startTime":545.0260000000001,"endTime":549.4060000000001,"body":"stimulate in the lumbar, you can see"},{"startTime":549.4060000000001,"endTime":553.493,"body":"physical lesions actually going up"},{"startTime":549.4060000000001,"endTime":553.493,"body":"into the thoracic region of the horse,"},{"startTime":553.827,"endTime":558.164,"body":"and it is an indication of muscle fatigue,"},{"startTime":553.827,"endTime":558.164,"body":"strain and chronic tension."},{"startTime":558.164,"endTime":562.3770000000001,"body":"In a lot of those cases and not pathology."},{"startTime":564.254,"endTime":568.133,"body":"So, there is a science,"},{"startTime":568.4250000000001,"endTime":573.5550000000001,"body":"I'm going to say to putting touch based"},{"startTime":568.4250000000001,"endTime":573.5550000000001,"body":"inputs into horses and"},{"startTime":573.5550000000001,"endTime":578.727,"body":"restoring muscle tone, and that science"},{"startTime":573.5550000000001,"endTime":578.727,"body":"is, you know, the basis of bodywork."},{"startTime":578.727,"endTime":581.938,"body":"That's the basis of what we do."},{"startTime":582.272,"endTime":586.067,"body":"So controlled palpation, massage,"},{"startTime":582.272,"endTime":586.067,"body":"all of these things"},{"startTime":586.067,"endTime":589.487,"body":"that activate mechanical receptors"},{"startTime":586.067,"endTime":589.487,"body":"in the body,"},{"startTime":589.863,"endTime":595.076,"body":"they can send inhibitory"},{"startTime":589.863,"endTime":595.076,"body":"signals to the spinal cord."},{"startTime":595.327,"endTime":599.4970000000001,"body":"And this reduces that motor"},{"startTime":595.327,"endTime":599.4970000000001,"body":"neuron excitability"},{"startTime":599.748,"endTime":602.542,"body":"and calms those for circulations."},{"startTime":602.542,"endTime":605.545,"body":"I've talked a lot about the gait"},{"startTime":602.542,"endTime":605.545,"body":"control theory"},{"startTime":605.545,"endTime":609.758,"body":"of pain when,"},{"startTime":605.545,"endTime":609.758,"body":"I've spoken about kinesiology taping."},{"startTime":609.758,"endTime":613.053,"body":"If you're a long time"},{"startTime":609.758,"endTime":613.053,"body":"listener of the show, you'll know that,"},{"startTime":613.053,"endTime":616.056,"body":"I'm a big believer in that gait"},{"startTime":613.053,"endTime":616.056,"body":"control theory."},{"startTime":616.306,"endTime":621.394,"body":"But the idea is that very gentle touch."},{"startTime":621.394,"endTime":626.9,"body":"So not necessarily a deep tissue approach,"},{"startTime":621.394,"endTime":626.9,"body":"but a very gentle light touch body work."},{"startTime":627.567,"endTime":632.989,"body":"Can actually gait pain"},{"startTime":627.567,"endTime":632.989,"body":"or these hyperactive signals"},{"startTime":632.989,"endTime":639.079,"body":"in the nervous system, and help"},{"startTime":632.989,"endTime":639.079,"body":"to normalize muscle responses over time."},{"startTime":640.205,"endTime":642.832,"body":"I am the type"},{"startTime":642.832,"endTime":645.835,"body":"of bodywork that I specialize in."},{"startTime":645.835,"endTime":650.215,"body":"I am, doing a type of bodywork"},{"startTime":645.835,"endTime":650.215,"body":"that is bone based."},{"startTime":650.465,"endTime":653.468,"body":"It is, fascia sensitive."},{"startTime":653.5509999999999,"endTime":654.928,"body":"I will call it."},{"startTime":654.928,"endTime":658.765,"body":"And, what's interesting"},{"startTime":654.928,"endTime":658.765,"body":"is the role of myofascial"},{"startTime":658.765,"endTime":662.185,"body":"release in these cases in particular."},{"startTime":662.56,"endTime":665.73,"body":"Now, when you have sustained pressure,"},{"startTime":665.73,"endTime":668.9,"body":"very light touch pressure,"},{"startTime":668.942,"endTime":674.489,"body":"as you do in a bone move"},{"startTime":668.942,"endTime":674.489,"body":"or in a lot of myofascial release"},{"startTime":674.489,"endTime":680.495,"body":"when you have to create that,"},{"startTime":674.489,"endTime":680.495,"body":"relative tissue motion between the layers,"},{"startTime":680.745,"endTime":683.8729999999999,"body":"what can happen is your improving blood"},{"startTime":683.8729999999999,"endTime":687.335,"body":"flow, reducing lactic acid buildup,"},{"startTime":683.8729999999999,"endTime":687.335,"body":"all of those things we know,"},{"startTime":687.711,"endTime":693.216,"body":"but it actually resets"},{"startTime":687.711,"endTime":693.216,"body":"muscle spindle sensitivity and all of that"},{"startTime":693.216,"endTime":698.179,"body":"will help, to restore that healthy tone"},{"startTime":698.93,"endTime":702.809,"body":"for our practitioner listeners."},{"startTime":703.56,"endTime":706.855,"body":"It's important to have consistent,"},{"startTime":707.313,"endTime":712.2769999999999,"body":"intentional touch with the horses,"},{"startTime":707.313,"endTime":712.2769999999999,"body":"and this can help to actually retrain"},{"startTime":712.2769999999999,"endTime":717.198,"body":"the horse's nervous system,"},{"startTime":712.2769999999999,"endTime":717.198,"body":"reducing that chronic tension pattern"},{"startTime":717.198,"endTime":722.662,"body":"and hypersensitivity"},{"startTime":717.198,"endTime":722.662,"body":"that leads to the Ans in the first place."},{"startTime":723.204,"endTime":726.9159999999999,"body":"So I'm going to encourage"},{"startTime":723.204,"endTime":726.9159999999999,"body":"all of our practitioners to map"},{"startTime":726.9159999999999,"endTime":728.376,"body":"their physical locations."},{"startTime":728.376,"endTime":731.379,"body":"The patterns that you see"},{"startTime":728.376,"endTime":731.379,"body":"during the sessions"},{"startTime":731.4209999999999,"endTime":734.966,"body":"where they occur,"},{"startTime":731.4209999999999,"endTime":734.966,"body":"how they change with pressure,"},{"startTime":735.383,"endTime":741.473,"body":"and what might indicate,"},{"startTime":735.383,"endTime":741.473,"body":"underlying issues during your session."},{"startTime":741.473,"endTime":746.019,"body":"Ans and be able to adjust your techniques."},{"startTime":746.186,"endTime":751.399,"body":"So varying pressure or speed"},{"startTime":746.186,"endTime":751.399,"body":"when you are doing a palpation exam."},{"startTime":751.399,"endTime":756.237,"body":"To differentiate between what seems to be"},{"startTime":751.399,"endTime":756.237,"body":"a superficial twitch,"},{"startTime":756.237,"endTime":760.867,"body":"like at a cutaneous level,"},{"startTime":756.237,"endTime":760.867,"body":"that sly response when a fly lands on them"},{"startTime":760.867,"endTime":766.331,"body":"and they twitch or a deeper muscular"},{"startTime":760.867,"endTime":766.331,"body":"response like a true, motor"},{"startTime":766.331,"endTime":769.584,"body":"unit response in that muscle,"},{"startTime":769.584,"endTime":773.129,"body":"that we're seeing underneath the skin."},{"startTime":773.463,"endTime":777.133,"body":"And I want you to be able to tailor"},{"startTime":773.463,"endTime":777.133,"body":"your manual"},{"startTime":777.133,"endTime":781.179,"body":"inputs, your interventions, accordingly."},{"startTime":781.846,"endTime":785.016,"body":"Now, it's really important"},{"startTime":785.308,"endTime":791.105,"body":"that we collaborate with veterinarians"},{"startTime":785.308,"endTime":791.105,"body":"if physical actions are persistent,"},{"startTime":791.105,"endTime":794.692,"body":"as they could be a signal of electrolyte"},{"startTime":791.105,"endTime":794.692,"body":"imbalances,"},{"startTime":794.692,"endTime":798.4879999999999,"body":"nerve damages, or, underlying conditions."},{"startTime":798.4879999999999,"endTime":801.574,"body":"One of the things being exertional."},{"startTime":801.574,"endTime":805.411,"body":"PSM so all of these things need"},{"startTime":805.411,"endTime":808.9979999999999,"body":"to be looked at by a veterinarian."},{"startTime":809.207,"endTime":812.21,"body":"The body is so connected."},{"startTime":812.21,"endTime":817.799,"body":"And what I really love is how,"},{"startTime":812.21,"endTime":817.799,"body":"when you think about it, this single motor"},{"startTime":817.799,"endTime":822.637,"body":"unit in a horse can actually innervate"},{"startTime":817.799,"endTime":822.637,"body":"hundreds of muscle fibers"},{"startTime":822.804,"endTime":826.182,"body":"and amplify small neural signals,"},{"startTime":826.182,"endTime":830.103,"body":"into these visible circulations."},{"startTime":830.478,"endTime":834.1899999999999,"body":"And yet there is so much as body workers"},{"startTime":830.478,"endTime":834.1899999999999,"body":"we can do."},{"startTime":834.232,"endTime":838.9449999999999,"body":"It's important just to know exactly"},{"startTime":834.232,"endTime":838.9449999999999,"body":"what's happening on that"},{"startTime":838.9449999999999,"endTime":842.824,"body":"physiological level, so that we can adjust"},{"startTime":838.9449999999999,"endTime":842.824,"body":"our techniques accordingly."}]}