From Tehran To Silicon Valley: Payam Zamani Story

He crossed one of the hottest deserts on Earth at 16 because his faith left him with no legal way out, then landed in San Francisco with $75 and barely any English. That’s where Payam Zamani’s story starts, and it quickly becomes a masterclass in resilience, immigration, and what it really takes to build a life when the stakes are real.

We talk through Payam’s early years growing up Baha’i in Iran, the constant pressure and discrimination, and the moment he realises survival means leaving everything behind. From Pakistan to the US Embassy in Islamabad, he describes his first direct experience of human rights and why the United States still represents “hope to the world”, even while wrestling with its contradictions. It’s an unfiltered conversation about gratitude, complexity, and refusing to let hardship become an excuse.

From there we move into entrepreneurship and the Silicon Valley ecosystem: why contract law matters, why failure is treated as experience, and why venture capital and reinvestment create momentum that’s hard to copy elsewhere. Payam shares how he and his brother built AutoWeb.com, an early internet pioneer in online car buying, and how that journey leads to a public company valued at around $1.2bn. We also dig into the darker side of capitalism: greed, excessive materialism, and the hollow feeling that can follow “winning”.

Finally, Payam lays out his idea of spiritual capitalism: building companies that serve people, changing hearts not just rules, and aiming for a coherent life where work and values cannot be separated. If you care about startups, leadership, immigrant success, purpose-led business, or building wealth without losing yourself, you’ll get a lot from this one. Subscribe, share it with a friend, and leave us a review with your biggest takeaway.

Transcript

Welcome And Guest Introduction

SPEAKER_00 0:00

Welcome to Successful Iranians the podcast. We've had a bit of time out lately, but uh we've got a special incredible guest on the podcast, and it's the one and only Payam Zamani. How are you, sir?

SPEAKER_01 0:17

I'm good, Johnny. I think I should hang up because you just said this is for successful Iranians. Why did you call me?

SPEAKER_00 0:23

Yeah, well, I think you're one of the most successful Iranians. He's very modest, is our Payam. So if you're if you don't know much about Payam, I'm gonna give you a little overview and Payam will soon, I'm sure, correct me if I'm wrong. So Payam Zamani is an Iranian American entrepreneur, philanthropist, investor, internet pioneer. He currently serves as a founder, chairman, and CEO of One Planet Group of hybrid tech and private equity firm folks dedicated to operating, investing, and empowering early stage technology and media businesses. So, in terms of early life and payam, he was born in Tehran, belongs to the Baha'i faith. He has a very interesting story from my research. In 1987, at the age of 16, he fled to Pakistan by an audacious route across the Loot Desert with his brother. He then emigrated to the United States in 1988, arriving in San Francisco with just $75 between them. He's also had recognition in terms of UC Davis Award of Distinction 2018, SCEO for Diversity 2020. He's also an author, Crossing the Desert, The Power of Embracing Life's Difficult Journeys. But he's not just that, he's also a family man married to Goya Zamani, who he met at an ethics conference. Together, they have two wonderful daughters and are active proponents of combining business with social good. Did I do a service there, sir? You know, you're doing amazing. Keep going. I'll be I'll be there. We we have a promoter called Eddie Hearn. He does a lot of the uh uh boxing called matrons. I'll be a promoter, pay among it was fascinating reading that. So was that correct in terms of the backdrop of your story in terms uh from going to Tehran, Pakistan, and then the United States? Tell us more about that.

SPEAKER_01 2:24

Yeah,

Growing Up Baha’i In Iran

SPEAKER_01 2:25

so you know, I've lived in a lot of different places in Iran. But you know, some of you know, those who have lived in Iran, there's a there's a street called these days, they've changed the name, but when I lived in Iran, well, back in the Shah's regime, it was called the Eisenhower Boulevard. If you lived north of Eisenhower, typically you did well. If you lived south of Eisenhower, typically you did not do very well. I did not belong to the north of Eisenhower. And I did not live in Iran, in Tehran a whole, you know, for a long time either. In fact, when I left Iran, I lived in Shiraz. And but we lived in a lot of different places in Iran. I mean, we moved almost every year or every other year. And part of the reason for it was that my dad, who had become a Baha'i himself, he was born in a Muslim family, he really felt that the progressive message of the Baha'i faith was something that was worth sharing. So he wanted to live in places that he thought could benefit from that message, the equality of men and women, you know, uh that science and religion should agree, and on and on and on. And so we lived in places that frankly were not necessarily very hospitable to Baha'is, and uh, which is a part of uh the experiences I had growing up. Um, you know, I talk about in my book uh that at the age of 11, I there was an incident uh that I that uh was instigated by the faculty of the middle school I went to, and I did not think I'm gonna survive that experience alive. And um and that was because of the fact I was a Baha'i. So we were used to living in places that were very different than living north of Eisenhower Boulevard in Tehran.

SPEAKER_00 4:08

Fascinating. Um Baha'is is so capable that I've seen and come across, you know, very talented, incredibly loyal as well, from my accounts, especially in uh uh, for example, in the Shah's regime, you know, it was very loyal, Baha'is, amongst the most loyal to the Shah back then as well. So you went through a lot of adversity, which probably gave you the resilience to enter the world of entrepreneurism. But not everybody crosses a desert, Payan. Tell us more about that.

SPEAKER_01 4:36

You know,

Crossing The Loot Desert To Escape

SPEAKER_01 4:37

of course the name of my book, Crossing the Desert, was both figurative and it was literal. I did cross the desert. I crossed the emptiness desert, or as the Iranians call it, Dashalut, which NASA has rated it as uh the hottest place on the planet, reaching temperatures of almost 160 degrees Fahrenheit. And I crossed that desert on March 8th, 1987. A hot day in the middle of summer. You know, crossing the desert was the only choice that uh Baha'is had back in the 90s if they wanted to leave Iran, because the government of Iran not only took many rights away, killed many Baha'is and so on, but they also took our passports away. So Baha'is did not have the right to leave the country either. So that was the only path. And I was 16. My parents wanted me to have a life uh that allowed me to make progress, allowed me to get educated, and Baha'is were not allowed to attend universities in Iran either. Uh, still don't, after all these years. And uh so uh that was my path to leave the country. You know, I left the country, I was smuggled out uh against all odds, I survived that uh that as a child, made it to the other side and lived in Pakistan for a year, became stateless, I was able to get my asylum from the US. And it always brings tears to my eyes when I think about the fact that the first time ever I experienced human rights was by going to the US Embassy in uh Islamabad and feeling that there is a country halfway across the world that cared about my future, that gave me a second chance and gave me citizenship. I mean, I always thought, and that's one of the reasons I wrote the book, because I feel like the United States represents hope to the world. And uh, that is something that I think us as Americans often take for granted. We don't appreciate that as almost a spiritual destiny for this country, something truly special, that we are the hope to the world. Let's face it, even if today I am a child in Gaza, American bombs are dropping on me. But do I think Saudi Arabia is gonna save me? Do I think China or Russia will save me? If there is a hope, that hope is in the US. Because guess what? At the end of the day, the US does give citizenship to Palestinians, Saudi Arabia doesn't, Qatar doesn't, Dubai doesn't, Russia doesn't, China doesn't. So this country does represent hope, but despite all the challenges that we have. And I experienced that for a second.

SPEAKER_00 7:05

Yeah, I mean, you know, two.

SPEAKER_01 7:07

But I mean that taken away from you British people. You British people are very represent a lot of hope too.

SPEAKER_00 7:12

Yeah, well, we're a skeptical bunch as well, to be fair. And the Brits. There's not everybody knows about the American dream. And yes, there is no coincidence that um there is no coincidence that the American dream and the biggest companies in the world tend to come from the United States, and so many people, not so many people, there are so many success stories of people that have emigrated and gone to the United States and made such a success of themselves.

Learning English And Surviving America

SPEAKER_00 7:47

But to arrive in a new country, and I take it, did you speak good enough in good English at the time?

SPEAKER_01 7:53

Or I wish I did. I did not. I did not take those English classes very seriously before I so I remember vividly, I was walking with my cousin during my first month in the US. And he passed by someone that he knew. He said something. I'm like, what did you say? His name was Jack Roman. So what did you say? He said, I don't know what you're talking about. I said, okay, next time I save immediately. He said it to someone again. I said, What did you say? He said, I said, how are you doing? What I had learned was, How are you doing? That's what I had learned. Persian accent, not how you doing. So there was a lot for me to learn. I would watch Johnny Carson with him at night and he would laugh. I mean, it took me years to understand Johnny Carson's sarcasm.

SPEAKER_00 8:34

But yeah, no, I did not speak English. So look, it's so hard, right? New culture, new language, $75 between you both. How did you manage? How did you do it in those early days?

SPEAKER_01 8:44

So, you know, I remember when I arrived in the US, um, we arrived at San Francisco Airport. And one of the first things I experienced was seeing the homeless in San Francisco. And I had fear that many Americans who spoke perfect English, they ended up like that. What's gonna make me think that I can survive in this country? I was still under 18. I didn't know really anyone but my cousin in this country, and I had nothing. I had not even finished high school. And so I was afraid. I was really afraid. But what I also realized was I was in a country that while, and this is what I always remind my fellow Americans who act like a victim sometimes, that I cannot do this because corporations, I cannot do this because the white man, I cannot do this because of this and that. In the US, there are obstacles along the way, but the road is never blocked. Think about those openings, take advantage of those openings, and they're always openings. So for me, it was getting a job immediately, being in charge of my own destiny, having income, cash flow. And so within 20 days, I had a job. I was making money, and of course I had to finish high school. But I had no choice but work very hard. I mean, I within 20 days of arriving in the US, I had a full-time job, and I've had a full-time job ever since. Going to high school did not stop me from a full-time job, going to university did not stop me because I had no choice. I had to have that income. And frankly, nothing seemed too difficult when I compared it to almost getting killed twice before arriving in the US. But the jobs would not have killed me. It just meant that I had to spend hours working rather than hanging out with friends or going to Lake Havasu during spring break in California. Well, Lake Havasu is in Arizona, but you know, most Californian kids go there. But that's just what it meant. That was my sacrifice. Was it worth it? I think so. Frankly, I wish that more young people would do that because that was character.

SPEAKER_00 10:44

Yeah, because there is a saying that in America that they'll give you a chance, you know, um, and they can let you in quicker. Whereas in UK and Europe, they it's much more difficult to break in. Um when you are in, they stick with you longer in that sense. But and and and and that's why when you look at Iranians as well, who are so resourceful, got such great adaptability and survival instincts, and that's because of history and everything that's happened and throughout the times, they have been, I would say, more successful in the United States than, say, in the United Kingdom in Europe. Yes, there are examples like eBay, etc., and and others, but just generally speaking, when I've seen on this podcast and everyone I've seen, why do you think that is? Is that because the United States has a just a different environment for individuals and it was born out, it was an is a new country and everybody emigrated there and it created this special kind of mix?

Why The US Startup System Works

SPEAKER_01 11:44

Yeah, you know, I've I've talked about this quite a bit. There's an ecosystem and there's a culture. So, you know, I used to be on the board of a company in Lausanne, uh, Switzerland, and I would remember I would go to these board meetings and I would hear from people saying that Lausanne will become the new Silicon Valley. I thought that no, that's not gonna happen. I love the the the the Swiss and you know many of the companies that they have built, but there's an ecosystem in this in the US that promotes entrepreneurship, and that starts with contract law. That starts with the way that people embrace failure, that failure is okay, that if you fail, they say, Oh, okay, now you have more experience. Whereas in Europe, often in Iran, certainly not the case. If you have failed, it's like, you know, it's it's a uh it affects your honor, it affects who you are in society. And the fact that people invest in startups, being comfortable with the fact that 90% will go out of business. You know, I know that in Iran, if you give someone $10,000 to start a business, you wait and see when your $10,000 grows. Well, it probably won't. And in the US, people are fundamentally okay with that. The fact that many entrepreneurs, once they do well, they start investing in other entrepreneurs. That's just how it is in the US. The fact that people do make money, but a lot of them want to give it away. It is also a fundamental characteristic of the US entrepreneurship. So I just think that there is something to be said about the culture. And of course, you know, as part of the ecosystem, you've got the VCs, private equity, and so on, that they're designed, uh designed to support startups. So I think that that ecosystem, now you on top of that, you add the culture, you add the history, you had the fact that you've got, you know, people from all over the globe who want to be entrepreneurs and they come here. It's very hard to repeat that elsewhere. Now, I think the pandemic partly changed that because I think the concept of Silicon Valley changed. That it was no longer a location, but it was a way of doing things. It became a way of doing things. It became an idea, but still that idea flourishes much better in the US than elsewhere because of that ecosystem.

SPEAKER_00 13:52

Yeah, and and their attitude to risk. Yes. Whereas I think generally UK and Europe are more risk-averse. So, for example, there are start UK does pretty well with startups, not so good with scale-ups. Um so it's quite interesting that. And you talk about getting your first job, and you came from a backdrop where everything was so hard, so difficult, and that inner resilience is built in, which are one of the key qualities of an entrepreneur, a successful one. What what was your first big break into entrepreneurialism?

AutoWeb And The Billion Dollar IPO

SPEAKER_01 14:28

You know, um, I I feel like I was at the right place at the right time, and I had the right partner, my brother, and the right ecosystem. I was in the right country. So my brother and I in 1994, we both graduated, even though my brother is six years older than me, we came to the US at the same time. So we both graduated from university at the same time, and we co-founded a company called AutoWeb.com, the first online car buying service. We frankly never thought that that would become a big business. We had a passion. I'm I was 23 and I loved cars. And uh a website about cars seemed you know something that would be a lot of fun. So we started that business, but we just again happened to be at the right place, right time, right idea, and we were willing to work hard. We had nothing. We had no money, we had credit cards, uh, with not a very high limit. But we started that business and we bootstrapped it for a long time. And uh then you fast forward to five years later, uh, March 23rd, 1999, uh, there we are in Manhattan. Um, and we took that company public for a billion two. And uh so there is no question that that can only happen in the US. No examples about it. It could not have happened elsewhere because that ecosystem existed in the US. Now, did we do that? I mean, I I I want to be very careful, and I'm always careful about this. That did we do that on our own? No. A lot of people have come before us to build a foundation to make that kind of a thing possible. And I also want to be honest about the fact that this country in many ways was built in an unjust manner. I mean, we know what happened to African Americans and so on. So we need to be cognizant of that too. And we want to make sure we are not complacent about both the ills of a society and the problems of a society, but also the great things that also that society, that country, that system can offer. And also the same system that allowed us to do what we did also had a lot of flaws. Flaws of capitalism are well known. I talked about this in my book. The flaws of greed and excessive materialism uh are also very known, and uh we experience that too. So you can have highs and lows, but the bottom line is that you want to be careful about that because also in the US it's very easy to gain high from that, from material success, and just chasing that at any cost, and many do, and that could also leave you very empty. So we did have success. We did have success, not at the level that it looked like on that day, March 23rd, 1999, but we still uh managed to do something that was very meaningful for a 27-year-old and 33-year-old Lehman Brother.

SPEAKER_00 17:05

Yeah, I remember I think it was the CEO of Lehman Brothers during the subprime mortgage crisis, and I think there's a video of him saying, Greed is good. Right? And I think he got Wall Street. Yeah, and we had the equivalent, a different character called Fred Goodwin at Royal Bank of Scotland, which at one point was the biggest bank in the world, took over AB and Emerald. And he had a nickname called Fred the Shred. And basically, wherever he went, he used to fire people. So there isn't allegedly a story of him at a place where someone's serving him some biscuits, gets him the wrong biscuits, and he tells one of the managers or whatever it was, who was that person? And they told him, and then he said, Well, fire, get rid of her. Anyhow, he got uh outed. There was a lot of hate to banks, you know. The banks were seen as as the devil, as like the nasty people. There was all this indulgence that you'd see traders and bankers going to clubs with lots of champagne and fireworks and leaving tips of 50 grand or stuff like that, really kind of flaunted and everything else. And it it left a bad taste in a lot of people's mouths with with the banks, and especially because they were rescued. And then when small business or entrepreneurs wanted to be rescued in crises, they were not there for a lot of individuals.

Spiritual Capitalism And Service Through Work

SPEAKER_00 18:32

It was like, for example, COVID, it had to be government that that got these banks to lend because they weren't going to do it. So I know you believe in capitalism, spiritual capitalism, that you're an advocate of that, and and capitalism for good. So we had a well-known business figure. I don't know if you've come across him, but a guy who was on this podcast called Hadi Partovi, and he was an investor Airbnb, Uber, yeah, etc.

SPEAKER_01 19:01

Yes.

SPEAKER_00 19:01

Yeah. And they have a social philanthropy thing that they do in terms of code and and giving access to computer science, etc. And I asked him a question are you a better investor or an entrepreneur? And um, he said, although I like entrepreneurial things, I have to be honest, I'm a better investor. And I'm gonna ask you the same question because I know you're an investor and you're an entrepreneur. Which do you enjoy more? What do you think you're better at? Entrepreneurship, 100%.

SPEAKER_01 19:30

I love building, I love building a culture, I love building a team, I love uh, you know, just uh taking something from nothing to something. I love turnarounds, something that's not doing very well, fixing it. So, yeah, there is there's a lot to be said about that. I I want I think my next book is gonna be The Art of Fixing Broken Companies. And because I I love that because there is, you know, you find a foundation in business that others work hard to build it. It's not doing exactly what it should, it's not doing well, but fixing that. But I want to go back to that whole idea of capitalism for a moment because I think that there's a lot of good that capitalism has to offer. Um, but I don't like this idea of the polarization that we're always we see in society. Is socialism good or capitalism? Why should I have those two choices? Is there something more humane than both that, you know, basically, you know, in a sense touches human heart and takes care of humanity in a meaningful way? Because I mean, when you think about capitalism as it is practiced now, it views me as a token of economic value. Nothing more. That's it. You know, the more money, the better. Whatever I can do to maximize my finances, then that's a good thing. So if you have been have been able to gain a lot from the system and they have left the crumbs for the masses, well, there is something wrong with that. And how do we fix that? And that is where the idea of spiritual capitalism, which I fundamentally believe in, is that you cannot do that by by force. Because if you do it by taxation, well, guess what? The wealthy, they have more loopholes than anyone else. The wealthy have more I mean, think about California. They tax more the wealthy leave California. The others don't have that luxury of leaving. They have to be where they are, they cannot just afford to get up and go. So I think that the only thing that we're gonna be able to change people and change the way they treat other people is by changing their heart and the way they look at the world, the way they look at humanity, and that is through spiritual evolution, revolution, whatever you want to call it. And to me, that is spiritual capitalism. I want to do good because that's good for me. It's good for my soul, it's good for my well-being. That will make me more fulfilled. That's why I want to do it. Not because the government forced me. The government with laws cannot make me less racist. It means my heart has to change. And I think that materialism and capitalism is real different.

SPEAKER_00 21:47

Yeah, I mean, uh, and what you're saying is this whole kind of purpose mission led capitalism where look, a lot of entrepreneurs they start a company because they think, all right, I'll do this. And I'll exit and I'll make a load of money and I'll be able to live this life. I'll be good. Yeah, and then I'll be great. And there are very successful entrepreneurs that say don't think of it like that because if the more those entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs that think like that tend to not succeed more often than not. There are obviously exceptions, but the ones that are just they're an entrepreneur through and through. Like, you know, what makes Elon Musk keep going and doing stuff all of the time? You know, it's it's just in his DNA, it's in his fabric, you know, he's a disruptive change pin. And those entrepreneurs that tend to be like incredibly successful, they're almost addicted to it, where it's the next bin, and it's the next spin. And it's not like where they say, right, I've made this ton of money, I'm just gonna enjoy my life and leave it as that. It's still in them. They they love the whole game of it, you know, going still being having their hand in it and doing stuff and disrupting. Yeah, does that does that uh resonate with you?

SPEAKER_01 22:57

Yeah, no, I I totally see that. I mean, I'm not, I don't view myself as a serial entrepreneur. I like to build, you know, I feel like I'm a farmer, you know, not a buccaneer that I want to keep building something and see the fruits of it. So, you know, you look at a company like Bayer, I've run it for the past 20 years, and I love it. You know, I will keep doing it for a long time to come. I think that my advice to entrepreneurs is make the journey meaningful. So kind of like your values and what brings fulfillment to you and your everyday life has to be coherent. Like milk and honey, they gotta be so mixed up that you cannot separate them. And, you know, there's a there's a Baha'i teaching that says that work offered in a spirit of service is the same as worship. And I love that because it's telling me that if I don't look at you as just a token of economic value, but through my work, through my everyday uh professional presence, I want to serve you. That by itself is worship. I don't have to go to a mosque or a synagogue or a church to do worship. That means it's very empowering because I can show up at my work and I'm worshiping, if I'm offering that in the spirit of service to you. So I think that's beautiful, and I think that something like that can elevate all of us to think that how can we be in service to our fellow humans.

SPEAKER_00 24:19

Yeah, and do you think it's easier now or harder to be an entrepreneur?

SPEAKER_01 24:23

That's a good question. I think that if I were to start a company from scratch at the age of 54 that I am today, it would be very difficult for me.

SPEAKER_00 24:32

Because he's still Pam, though. He's buff. When you see on the YouTube guys, he's he's definitely looking after himself.

SPEAKER_01 24:39

The reason for it is that maybe if a 54-year-old back in the early 90s wanted to start otherwise, that would have been difficult for him. Because I did not grow up with many of the things that the younger generation are growing up with. So I think that for a 20-some-year-old who's a first-time entrepreneur, it's probably no more difficult than it was for me back in the 90s. For me to be a first-time entrepreneur at this age today, it is more difficult because many of the technologies, many of the things that need to be developed today and are the new, new thing, are not as inherently obvious to me as they are to a recent brad who's 26, 27 years old.

SPEAKER_00 25:20

Yeah, I mean, I spoke to one successful entrepreneur and I asked him the same question. And he said, Johnny, because there's more the opportunity means there's less opportunity. And what he meant by that is that because for like everybody now could just be an entrepreneur, you can use a website called Lovable, you can do a website, you can use AI age, you could do all these kinds of things. But his argument was because there's so much opportunity, means that there's less opportunity by consequence. Uh, as whereas before, he I don't believe that, that's an excuse. I love that. Uh different perspectives.

What Success Means And Advice

SPEAKER_00 25:53

And as we're coming towards more the end of the podcast, um, what is the dream?

SPEAKER_01 25:58

That's a good question. You know, I want to live a coherent life. To me, the spiritual values that are frankly timeless. You know, they've come, but we don't have to be religious. You know, a lot of us aren't, and that's okay. But many of those timeless values have come through spiritual teachings over the years. To me, success looks like if I'm able to stay coherent to those values, that when it is all said and done, years from now, I'm gone, but that my existence, the companies I build, people feel that ever so slightly it did make the world a little bit better. That would be success.

SPEAKER_00 26:33

Yeah, it's it's beautiful. Is there, you know, people for young people listening to this or budding entrepreneurs or people that want to become an entrepreneur? You know, fear always is there for everybody. Uh I always say you've got to punch it in the face. But is a successful entrepreneur someone who's really good with the detail and more of an operator, or is a successful entrepreneur someone who's a bit of a maverick, instigator, an idea person that then surrounds him or herself with people that do other stuff better than him or her in terms of processes, systems. What's the secret of the source?

SPEAKER_01 27:13

I think entrepreneurs come from many different backgrounds. I mean, you look at uh Silicon Valley, some entrepreneurs were great engineers, some entrepreneurs were great marketing people, some were great idea people. I think successful entrepreneurs are the ones who understand what they're not good at. So as a result, they're able to partner with people, hire people, or find founders, co-founders, that they augment them, they complement them. So beyond that, I think they can come from any walk of life, any background. But one thing that I do have learned over the years, you cannot force yourself to be an entrepreneur, and it's okay. If you're doing it for financial gain, don't do it. Because in many ways, entrepreneurs are not necessarily happy. Because entrepreneurs have a level of stress that stays with them day in, day out, seven days a week, and 365 days out of a year, 24 hours a day. So, you know, sometimes it's better to take a different route and bring joy to yourself and those around you by not forcing something that is not you.

SPEAKER_00 28:12

That's beautiful advice because there's that debate entrepreneur versus entrepreneur. And one of the most successful entrepreneurs is Tim Cook, Apple, you know, he earns 99.6% uh more than everybody else. In

Where To Find Payam And Closing

SPEAKER_00 28:24

terms of socials and your book, where can people get that? How can they discover more of the payam gold?

SPEAKER_01 28:31

All right, but let's call it bronze, not gold. Um and hey, so you can find me on Instagram at PyMs the Money, no hyper, no dash, no dot. Uh on LinkedIn in the same manner, same thing on Twitter. And my book, Crossing the Desert, is anywhere books are sold. Amazon, the easiest place. Great. Well, thank you so much, Pam.

SPEAKER_00 28:53

Uh, this has been successful Iranians.

SPEAKER_01 28:56

Thank you, Johnny. Really appreciate the time.