The Early Moorish Presence in the Americas Explained | Mauryell Smith El

Spain and Portugal didn’t build the Atlantic world from scratch. They inherited a powerful set of tools and habits from Moorish Spain and Sephardic communities: navigation science, ship design, multilingual translation, agricultural systems, and merchant networks that made expansion possible long before most of us ever heard the words Moriscos or conversos.

We talk with Morio Smith L about what “early Moorish presence in the Americas” really means when you look past simple timelines and national labels. We break down how Al-Andalus becomes a multicultural engine for learning, how Arabic and Islamic knowledge moves through Iberia into European empire-building, and why the fall of Granada in 1492 is less an ending than a transformation. Forced conversion, the Spanish Inquisition, and blood purity ideology push millions into crypto identity and survival through concealment, and that hidden reality follows people across the ocean.

From there, the conversation opens up into the Atlantic system beneath the system: Moriscos and conversos navigating colonial suspicion, African Muslims arriving with literacy and expertise, sailors and privateers living between empires, and maroon communities building new worlds on the margins. We also explore a surprising bridge between Moorish spirituality and Indigenous belief through shared symbolism, and we close with book recommendations for anyone ready to study the record for themselves.

If you got value from this, subscribe, share this with a friend, and leave a review. What’s one part of this history you want us to dig into next?

Transcript

Welcome And Guest Introduction

SPEAKER_00 0:11

Peace, peace, bro. How you doing? It's your brother Mikey Fever. Welcome to another episode of NYP Talk Show, the most coolest, coolest, realest platform within this conscious space. Don't forget to comment, like, share, and subscribe. We got super chats. We have merch. Join the family. Show your support. Tell a friend and tell a friend. And tonight we got a great show for you. Tonight we got Morio Smith L, who will be talking about the early Moorish presence in the Americas. How you doing, my brother?

SPEAKER_01 0:45

I'm doing good, brother. Always glad to be on you guys' show, New York Talk uh Perspective Podcast, correct? Yes, sir. Definitely, definitely. Yes, sir. Always glad to be on your uh you guys' podcast. I want to give uh honors and praises, uh honors to uh my father God. I mean, praises to my father God Allah, honest to Noble Joe Ali, the prophet, Marcus Garney, the harpinger, my leadership, Keith Dandy jail. So I just wanted to get that out the way so we can jump right into no down.

Why Moorish Networks Matter

SPEAKER_00 1:14

Hold on. Let's get let's get profit and let's light that up real quick. Definitely, brother. So with this show tonight, brother, I want you to just go right into it, man. Let us know, man. Tell us about the early Moorish presence in America, man.

SPEAKER_01 1:29

Yeah, so um before we even get to the PowerPoint, I just kind of want to just outline everything, why I can still, you know, see everything. Um the early Moorish presence in America, right? I mean, could be definitely talked about in pre-Islamic times, ancient times, etc. But we're mainly what we what we mainly want to focus on with this presentation is understanding that when the Spanish and the Portuguese got the opportunity to explore the Americas, discover the Americas, create that system of uh slavery and imperialism in the Americas. What basically was the um ghost or underlining the system of their empire was a Moorish slash Sephardic network. What do I mean by that? I mean the knowledge that it took as far as uh nautical and navigational tools, maps, uh, you know, just the skill of shipbuilding, um, with inventions like the caravel, um, just again, knowledge of the seas and things like that. A lot of that was based in um the culture of Moorish Spain.

SPEAKER_02 2:56

Yeah.

SPEAKER_01 2:57

So then, so how they got there underpin the network of Moorish knowledge. And then once they got there, right, the truth the translators who translated, um, it was also it was always known, it was a known thing that Moorish people were multilingual and knew several different languages. I heard that before. Trade and you know, just civilization, civilizational building. So language and translating was also a key thing. And then you also want to look at like the actual uh economic engine of the transatlantic slave trade, right? Yeah, what were the cash crops? Cotton, sugar, indigo, rice, right? These are basically the cash crops of the transatlantic slave trade, but again, it it was Moorish Iberian Sephardic agricultural knowledge that was the basically the backbone of the Spanish-Portuguese Iberian colonial project. So the logistics of how Spain and Portugal became empires, and then um the French, the English, and the Dutch, they would then basically take over this knowledge network for themselves, and you know, basically end up cutting uh Spain and Portugal out the pie. So this is kind of like the direction that I uh that the uh slideshow is gonna take. So I just wanted to clear that up before we jump into it because I know you know Moors be like, you know, we've been in America's forever. Like I understand that. Uh, but I just want to look at the importance of even us understanding uh Spanish, Portuguese, British, French, Dutch colonial expansionist history, understanding that a lot of what they did was born out of a Moorish network knowledge base.

SPEAKER_00 5:02

Got you. So, with that being said, from the year 700, 711 to 1492, correct me if I'm wrong, with the fall of Granada in Spain and everything else. Yes, the slave trade. That's something that happened to many when you're saying like that transatlantic slave trade, not every um African came from um Africa itself. We're not shifting from Africa, there's some of them came from Spain, and later, and correct me if I'm wrong, right? And they went from Spain to what we know as modern day Dominican Republic in Haiti, Hispaniola, right?

SPEAKER_01 5:36

Indeed, 100%. So a lot of people came directly straight from Spain to the Americas, um you know, unwillingly as well as willingly, yeah, understanding that, right? Like uh one of Christopher Columbus's pilot, um, I think his name is Alfonso Nino. He was basically uh what they call it called at the time of Mercum, but somebody who had converted to Catholicism with a Moorish blood lineage, right? So even him getting there before you even bring slaves over, the Moors were at the point of first contact for the Europeans discovered in America.

SPEAKER_00 6:19

Perfect, though. That's a fact because I man, many years, many moons ago, I did some research on that, and I was like, oh, that's that's crazy. Like, you know, um there were um the Hebrew-speaking Moors that came over with Columbus to translate, as they say, because we were very multilingual individuals, and that um when I went over to Puerto Rico, I know this is all made to go over the place, but I went to Puerto Rico and they had like a statue of the 12 tribes, and they were saying like many of them came here with you know something to pick um referencing the 12 tribes of Israel, but that's an old whole other conversation.

SPEAKER_01 6:55

Yeah, uh the translator who we're gonna talk about, Luis de Torre, I believe he has a synagogue named after him in the Caribbean.

SPEAKER_00 7:04

Oh, really?

SPEAKER_01 7:05

Um, yeah, if it's not in I don't remember the exact countries in, just off the top of my head, but I believe it's between either Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and maybe Barbados or something like that. But yeah, there is a synagogue named after him in the Caribbean.

SPEAKER_00 7:22

All right, that's peace. We'll get into that. So, brother, can you show us that presentation that you got that you're about to get into?

SPEAKER_02 7:29

Share my screen.

The Atlantic World Thesis

SPEAKER_00 7:32

And for those that that will be viewing this video, don't forget to comment, like, share, subscribe, keep it respectful, and enjoy. Take notes. You know, great dialogue in the chat in the comment section. All right, the brother got the presentation for us. Here we go. Yes, on. All right, go ahead.

SPEAKER_01 7:52

Yes, sir. Get my notes, sir. All right, so early Moorish presence in the Americas, a distributed Atlantic continuity. So today I'm gonna challenge how we typically understand the origins of the Atlantic world. We often think in knee boxes, Spanish colonies, British colonies, Portuguese territories, but history is messier and much more connected. I'm gonna argue that the foundation of the Atlantic world wasn't built by empires alone, but by pre-existent shared systems of knowledge that have been developing for centuries in the Iberian Peninsula, and that that system was carried across the ocean by people whose identities were complex, layered, and often hidden. All right, so thesis. What we're seeing in history is not separate imperial histories, but a shared Atlantic system built on overlapping knowledge networks, uh, from the Islamic, Iberian, African, and indigenous networks that shape everything from agriculture to social hierarchies. This system was operational before Columbus and continued to function beneath the official structures for empire of empire for centuries, right? So again, on the outside, it's looking like Spain is doing these things, Portugal is doing these things, the British are doing these things. But underground, right, is really still the knowledge base of these uh converted, forced converted Catholics who used to be Muslims and Jews, then enslaved African Muslims and enslaved traditional African uh religious following Africans as well.

SPEAKER_00 9:36

Gotcha. I have heard of that before.

SPEAKER_01 9:40

Yeah.

SPEAKER_00 9:41

A lot of like they were forced um religious um conversions were were were forced upon the people where where Islam, as we know it in the in the past, when the Moors had it, they were very accepting. But when the um Catholics came, it came with the rulership under, was it um I don't want to get it mixed up, but under a certain rulership of Pope was very further than uh the Queen of Spain. Yes, it was it was forcibly um put upon the people to convert, if not, they will face death. Yeah, they were taking away their land and resources and stuff like that, their riches, family emblems, and all that stuff. So yeah.

SPEAKER_01 10:20

Definitely. Um, so immediately after the capitulation of Groft Granada, um people who were of Jewish descent, so Sephardic descent, uh in uh Andalusia were immediately um expelled, right? So they either had to convert or be expelled, or like you said, faith run the risk of death. It wasn't until 10 years later, in 1502, that the kingdom of Castile enforced uh forced conversion to Catholicism for Muslims, and it wasn't until 1522 that her husband's territory, Aragon, um, they started to come uh force Muslims to convert as well. So immediately the Jews were expelled, and then 10 and uh 20 to 30 years afterwards, uh depending on the territory that you lived in, Muslims were forced to convert as well.

SPEAKER_00 11:19

I'm glad you put context to that. Thank you, brother.

SPEAKER_01 11:22

Of course. Um, so again, I was talking about knowledge networks, so systems that shaped these empires were agriculture, trade, navigation, and social organization, right? So agriculture, the hydraulic engineering, crop rotation, specific cultivation of rice, sugar, and citrus fruits, right? This knowledge came from more Spain, navigation, astrolabes, the caravel ship design, the knowledge of Atlantic currents and wind powers also came from more Spain. The commercial routes, the credit systems, the merchant networks spanning the Mediterranean and West Africa also came from more Spain. So when you look at uh there's a book called uh uh Africa versus America, and Africa versus America, it basically talks about how the elite of Spain and Portugal were hiding uh cartographical knowledge, basically hiding older maps that alluded to the Americas, uh, you know, for monopoly over the trade. Yeah, like this was this was like real important that you know they basically kept trade secrets, which also stems from Moorish culture as well, because you know, we kept trade secrets for centuries, uh depending on what what the trade was, and that's why a lot of trades have like initiations and rituals and things like that, because you know, all of that was see the economy, the religion, the social network, all of that was kind of seen as one, yeah, right from a more holistic perspective.

SPEAKER_00 13:03

Oh wow, yeah.

SPEAKER_01 13:05

So then you have language, right? Uh lingua francos like Sabir, a Mediterranean dialect, uh, Arabic-derived navigational terms, multilingual translators, like we talked about, which we're gonna get more into, and then social organization, social organization, so urban planning, legal frameworks like Islamic water rights adapted in the Americas, system slavery, many mission, etc. Right?

SPEAKER_00 13:31

So maritime law.

SPEAKER_01 13:33

Maritime law. So basically, like the logistics needed for these different European countries to sustain their empire, a lot of it was an inheritance from the Moorish Empire following Europe.

SPEAKER_00 13:47

But I believe that I know that because it was the Moors that civilized Europe.

SPEAKER_01 13:51

Exactly.

How Far Moorish Influence Reached

SPEAKER_00 13:52

Yeah, because they they were still in you know, barbaric way of living. They know um, you know, not to be disrespectful, but that they didn't understand the concept of proper hygiene and seasoning of food, and you know, we we brought over the mathematics to them, um, astrology, science of astrology and agriculture, even till the days of America with the Almanic, you know, was a Moorish person, Benjamin Bannico bought that for them. Yes, sir. Um, before we go further, I'd like to know how far did the Moorish Empire extend it in? Because we know about North Africa and Morocco, but how far did the Moorish Empire extend?

SPEAKER_01 14:28

Um, depending on what time, depending on depending on what time and error, and depending on which dynasty, right? So you're talking about like straight political control, right? You're talking about territorial control, you're talking about as far as Senegal, far south of Senegal, and as far south as Timbuktu and Mali. Right. You're talking about direct political control. Now, if you're talking about just the Moorish and then as far west to you know Egypt, right? But if you're talking about network, the network that the more meaning that like people that were directly a part of the Moorish administration administrative, you know, system, yeah, as far as like traders and things like that, that network extended all the way south into Ghana, Nigeria, um, Benin, Togo, uh, Ivory Coast, uh, all of those countries south in the Southwest Africa, even into the forest regions, these networks uh all connected back to um the Moorish Empire in the north.

SPEAKER_00 15:42

So yeah. I'm glad you answered that because you know, people always associate when they say more uh Moorish or Moore, they always say uh North Africa. They quickly say the region of North Africa, and they they they um rely upon a particular look, aesthetic look. You know, they they'd be like, you know, what they see today, like the Moors were not um dark as you know you're portraying as you, you know, as you present. And you know, I'm glad you put that in context, man, because you know, there are people out there that tend to if you tell them you're Moorish, American, they'd be like, but you have no ties to Morocco, they just thinking geographically, not understanding as you put it politically, based on dynasty and other concepts of that.

SPEAKER_01 16:25

Great networks, yeah, Sufi schools, yeah. Like all of the all of the you know, the Sufi brotherhoods and West Africa. You talk about Tijania, um, that comes from Morocco, the Kadria, that comes from like uh you know, Persia, Baghdad area, but it was all a part of again the same Islamic network.

SPEAKER_03 16:48

Gotcha.

SPEAKER_01 16:48

Modadia by um was started in Senegal, but again, all of these different Sufi networks tied, you know, the Sufi networks, the trade networks, the book exchange, and all of that, it tied the region together, right? And it was tied in layers. So, like on the surface, it may look like, right, you know, the Moors are these quote-unquote lighter skin North Africans. But when we get into like the actual tribal history and understand, okay, who were actually uh participating during these empires, like who ruled the Almordavid Empire? Well, if you ruled the Almordin Empire, you would know that it was the Lamtuna, who was a subtribe of the Sunhaja. The Sunhaja were always further south than other so-called Berber tribes. They were in uh southern, modern-day southern Mauritania and northern Senegal, right? And they had connections to right who we call today the Torag. The Torag has connections to the Fulani, the Fulani has connections with the Sonic, the Sonik has connections to all the other Mandai speaking peoples and the Khan peoples and uh the Hausa and Hausa has Zongo communities in Ghana. So it's just like if you look at it as a whole, you won't see it. So this is why like a lot of surface-level scholarship prevails. But when you go beneath the surface and look at it in layers, you you will see that each section of West Africa, there's a relationship with the previous layer as you go by regions. So you got uh the coastal areas of North Africa, then you got the mountainous regions, then from the mountainous regions, you get into the desert, then from the desert, you get into the sahill. So from the sahill to the savannah, from the savannah to the forest, it's a layers, it's layers to the different environments. So then now the local cultures starts to fit the environment, but the system of how, like, you know, their relationship with God and how they live off the land, and how they did architecture and all these different things, it's very similar.

SPEAKER_00 19:03

So the framework, the framework stays in place, it's just just the players change. That's basically it.

SPEAKER_01 19:07

The framework stays in place, but the the environment shapes the place and how they change.

Artifacts And Pre-Columbus Claims

SPEAKER_00 19:13

I got you, my brother. Thank you, man. You got um still you got more slides to yeah, but you guys question, we just we just go. We can go back and forth, yeah. Stay on stay on the slides, because PlayStation is dope. I like it. Yes, sir. Um, and that in the term of like artifacts and historical pieces, right?

SPEAKER_02 19:31

Uh-huh.

SPEAKER_00 19:31

Have any Moorish like coins or tools been discovered in the Americas?

SPEAKER_01 19:37

Okay, so that is an interesting question. We understand that you know there have been certain things that has been found in the Americas, allude into a Moorish presence, but because of you know Western's academia, Western academia's way of looking at the evidence, right? Certain things get classified as forgeries or fake, or that doesn't make sense, or you see what I'm saying? So uh there's a lot of you know lore and evidence if we look at it from outside of the Western academia's perspective. So things like what they call the Bat Creek inscription, um, things like the Bornstone, things like uh the Brazil tablets, or the uh or you know, Venezuelan rock art. Like there's a lot of different things that could point to the evidence of a prior to a Europe a Moorish presence in the Americas prior to European colonialism. However, they go against the narrative that mainstream Western academia uh is laying out. But what I will say is that what has been confirmed right by Western mainstream academia is right the Vikings in Newfoundland, okay, like um Canada's Canada area, and then um South American people trading sweet potato with people from Polynesian from the Polynesian Islands prior to Columbus. These are things that they have admitted. So even in their system, you have Vikings and Polynesians you know coming before Columbus. Right now, understanding that the biggest, you know, the the most famous example that people usually point to um as proof of you know Moors, Africans, Muslims in America before Columbus is uh you know the predecessor to Massa Musa. Right and how he Came with 2,000 ships and things like that. So, you know, Ivan Vencertima put a lot of work into like um bringing back up the connections to like the Mende language and the language in amongst the Maya and the Aztecs and things like that. There's also been just even understanding like the purpose of mound building. You have the cliff dwellings that is in like the four corner regions being similar to like Dogon cliff dwellings. Like there's a lot of um different things that we could point to. But that's like that's a whole nother that's a whole nother presentation that I I can we can do that I can go deeper on.

SPEAKER_00 22:47

No doubt, no doubt. And let yo let's give a shout-out to Ivan Van Serdimer, the elder.

unknown 22:52

Yes.

Maritime Science And The House Of Wisdom

SPEAKER_00 22:52

I bought a lot of information to our people, man, with some great books that he has written. And I don't think people understand how important these scholars were for our time, John Henry Clark, Ivan Van Sertimer, and Dr. Ben Yaakin. I'm saying it correctly. These people were very uh, these men were very vital and pivotal in our search for knowledge of self and knowing our history, controlling our narratives as well. So peace to them all. Um, how did the Moorish maritime knowledge develop, though?

SPEAKER_01 23:25

How did the Moorish maritime knowledge develop? Um well, because of trade, um understanding that so as we're looking at as it's shown on the screen, um within like the first 100 and 200 years of Islam spreading, you have in Baghdad what they call the house of wisdom. Yeah, and at the house of wisdom, you had basically um Muslims, Persians, people from India, um, Nestorian Christians, we were like uh basically Christians who weren't following the Roman church at that time. They all came uh and were basically uh translating books and stuff in Arabic and Baghdad, right? So again, what sparked the golden age of Islam was different cultures coming together to share knowledge. So then that created a basically the intellectual culture of Islam. So this is where you get the development of the astrolabe, right? The development of the quadrant. These are navigational tools that use the sun and the stars for navigators to you know locate their position and know what direction that they're going, right? And then that also uh played into cartographical, so maps, uh, which then that also played into sociological. So with the maps, right, the maps will have okay, who's where and what to trade with them, and what to and what you get back, and what you give them, right? So all of that knowledge became normalized in the Islamic world, right? Um, with that being said, you you you had a history of this now going on for again, you know, about 800 years. So as now the Spanish and the Portuguese, as they're now taking over the southern part of the peninsula, they now get access to the seas to now and then apply the knowledge that has been given to them through the transfer of power of the capitulation of Granada.

SPEAKER_00 25:48

Got you. That's that's piece right there. That's a lot of information right there. It's a lot to unpack, man. In an hour's not enough, yeah. You know, but but it's it's so layered, man, it's so intricate, and it's the little things that we don't pay attention to. We'd be like, oh man, that makes sense.

Al-Andalus And The Translation Engine

SPEAKER_01 26:02

It's the nuances, it's it's really it's really the nuances and the details that because it's like you know, and this is like studying over the years, right? You hear about the Moors, you hear how you know great they were, and you hear what they did, but we don't necessarily hear how it happened, what was needed for certain things to happen, and the details of how things you know were carried out, right? And I think that's the biggest inheritance that we've been given is that now we are now reconnected back to the intellectual property of our ancestors.

SPEAKER_00 26:41

Yeah, hold on to that. That that's piece right there. We're gonna hold on to that. Yes, sir, we'll get back on that because I I want to get more into what we see on the screen: the Iberian Crucible, a multicultural hub of knowledge and interaction in Al Abdullah's history.

SPEAKER_01 26:57

Yeah, our Andalus history.

SPEAKER_00 26:59

And Andalus, all right, gotcha.

SPEAKER_01 27:01

So in in our Andalus, during the Umayyad Caliphate, you have what they call the Lakovin Vencia, the great coexistence between Muslims, Jews, and Christians. This is a very peaceful time uh in Iberia, and even Muslim rulers were using Jews, Christians, and even some Muslims, to extend trade to the rest of Europe, into Germany, uh, into France, into you know, England and places like that. Yeah, so this period is a time period that we can look at in history and understand that hey uh Muslims, Jews, and Christians can work together and work together on something important as you know science, right? So this became uh you know, also during this time period, you have you know popes coming to our Andalus to be educated, right? So this is how deep, like again, like how people come to America, go to Harvard, go to Yale to get the best education in the world. Yeah, this is how more Spain was at that time. They would go to right, moving to the second point, to the schools in Cordoba in Toledo, right? And then this is now that hub became a hub for translating all of this stuff from Arabic back into Latin. Yep, that you get now the medieval Latin scholars like uh uh Roger Bacon and Thomas Aquinas and things like that, right? And then, of course, through this, right, you get a multilingual society. So I would say uh a thousand years ago, you probably would have had more Muslims who knew or understood the Bible than Christians.

SPEAKER_00 28:55

I believe so.

SPEAKER_01 28:56

Because of the the policy of the Catholic Church was to you know, reading was only for the priests, yep, right? So a lot of their population was illiterate, but in more civilizations, more cities and states, right? Education was encouraged, right? So, you know, having having books was the flex. Like it was one Morse uh caliph, the son of Abdul Rahman III, he had over half a million books. The brother had over half a million books, so it's just like that was the flex to them at that time, right? So all of that, you know, when I when we say the crucible, all of that was able to be because of the tolerance of the Moors, right? And it's honestly what eventually became their downfall due to some factors, right?

SPEAKER_00 30:01

But you know, repeat that again. I want I want people to understand that because it still shows to this day that we, no matter what you call yourself, whether Caribbean, African, so-called black American, FBA, more that compassion that we have, yeah, is a double-edged sword. You gotta you gotta go back and you're not for real, you gotta go back and repeat that again, man. You gotta go for it.

SPEAKER_01 30:28

Yes, sir. It was the tolerance, the tolerance of the covencia, the coexistence, right? To where you know we could all tolerate one another and everybody could practice their religion freely, is what made the golden age of Islam what it was. It wasn't until uh you know relations got hardened and distrustful, and honestly, uh like Muslim and Christians coming together to fight Christians, and Christians and Muslims coming together to fight Muslims. A lot of it was a lot of blurred lines after this um period of time that eventually led to the downfall of the Moors in Spain. So because tolerance started to erode, it made it difficult for uh Moors to sustain what they were building in under Lucia.

SPEAKER_00 31:19

Oh man, it sounds that sounds like the same story that we heard what took place in ancient Keman. Yeah, they they learned they were civilized, educated, because the Egypt Kemet had the best universities. Yeah, instructed them, guided them, showed them how to you know be civil, how to work with nature, and in return, what they did was burn down the library, so they say. You just it they just moved your book somewhere else. I don't think they just physically burnt it, but I think they got the books out, all the text and whatever they needed, and they just took it with them back home.

SPEAKER_01 31:53

You know, Nobu Jew Ali has a uh Moorish literal, Moorish literature article. It's called the Moore's the Moorish or Moore's Costume Ball. And then he talks about how you know it was the Moors who came in and saved the records when it was the norm for despisodic soldiers uh to basically you know burn down libraries, right? So this concept of George G.M. James talking about the Moors out of custodians of the ancient Egyptian knowledge, right? This is a real event that a lot of uh again, I think I talked about this on another show with uh brother Ron, but the last Pharaoh of Egypt daughter married the king of Mauritania. Cleopatra Selene married um King Juba, if I'm not mistaken. All right, so wow that that that's that's an actual marriage when we're talking about preserving Egyptian culture. So, like this isn't like something like George G. M. James is making up. The knowledge of ancient Egypt was preserved by Northwest and Southwest Africans.

SPEAKER_00 33:08

Got you, brother. Uh, do you have more in the slide to present?

SPEAKER_01 33:11

Or yeah, I got I got a couple slides. Now we would need to pause it too.

SPEAKER_00 33:17

No, no, no, we good, we good, man. I'm just I'm letting you, you know, do you I'm gonna ask questions here and there, but I'm just taking in all this information that you got, man. And it's it's always refreshing to hear something like different perspectives from you know, we had many more coming out shows, and you know, some deal with the law, some are civic mores, some are um quote unquote, you know, some are um I don't want to disrespect them, but you know, they say they're sovereign citizen more. Yeah, don't crucify me, people for saying this, forgive me. And um, you have your religious mores. Yeah, I just teach you the concept of self-cree, nationality, and sovereignty of self and X, Y, Z. So to hear you, you're you're you're touching on parts of history where some tend to overlook.

SPEAKER_02 34:01

Yeah.

SPEAKER_00 34:02

And it and you by you telling us the history, these little intricate things that we don't hear in our educational system, it it pinks the picture. So you know, you appreciate it for that, you make it to new brother.

SPEAKER_01 34:14

Thank you, brother. And I think it's important, and I think that what you're saying is a lot of differences within the conscious community in general are ideological, right? But when we start to really you know present our history in this way, now we can make the focus historical. You can't argue against the records, you can't you can't you can't really argue this is what happened, right? But theorizing on what should be, right, and arguing over you know, perspectives versus building on what's been left to us, exactly, and I think this is this is you know where things are headed, um, with the entire conscious community, because again, you know, more and more records are being uncovered each and every day.

SPEAKER_00 35:12

Definitely, definitely. And before you go any further, I'm gonna ask you just one question.

SPEAKER_01 35:17

Yes, sir.

SPEAKER_00 35:18

How does this this history ideology intersect with the um you know Afrocentric history? Because you may have some people that be like, all right, this sounds great, but I'm black. I hear more stuff like you know, aesthetically, yeah, you say they look like us, but I don't go by that. I I love being called black.

SPEAKER_01 35:38

Well, understanding that uh it's the source and historical case study of what pan-Africanism can be, right? So again, honestly, you know, prior to European the European colonial expansion, the best case study that we can look to for some semblance of pan-Africanism within the last a thousand years, right? It would be through the Islamic network, right? It would be through the Moorish Empire, it would be through the Moorish network because you you would have again, right? Sanhajra, Masmuda, uh uh uh Swonink, Mende, Fulani, Wolof, Yudaba, um, uh a Khan, right, Jukan, Nu, right? You typically wouldn't have a Dr. Jose Pimite Bay said this, right? You typically wouldn't have somebody that's Hausa join the Yoruba spiritual system, right? But you would have a Yoruba and House of a Muslim, and now through Islam, Islam becomes a third party to strengthen connections between two different parties, two different tribes, right? So the importance of understanding this history is to see like, okay, how did we work together prior to European colonialism? What connections did we have together prior to European colonialism? And especially important for us here in America is because each and every one of us do a DNA test, you're gonna get a varying degrees of different percentages from several different West African countries.

SPEAKER_00 37:31

That's a fact, right?

SPEAKER_01 37:33

So if we if we are the mosaic of several different West African countries, well, what were their connections prior to? These are the ones to reconstruct that because we are the ones who are descendants of that, everybody else are just like you know, hardline youtable, hardline mendate, hard. You see what I'm saying? Exactly. Hardline the home or fawn, right? Yeah, but it's us that is mixed with several different ethnic groups, so it is upon us to always find the civilizational continuity of where different tribes and cultures were in the melting pot.

SPEAKER_00 38:10

So that's why uh many groups cling um stick to that I um ideology of nationality over color. Like you have some people be like, no, I'm not black, man. Yeah, I'm I'm I'm I'm from I'm from the Bahamas, I'm Haitian, I'm Dominican, I'm from Uganda or whatsoever. I'm not black. And you know, some people would take would take it out of context as if you're being prejudiced or xenophobia because I'm black American, and and you know, I do study and I'm like, um, that doesn't necessarily mean that they're being prejudiced.

unknown 38:46

Right.

SPEAKER_00 38:46

Sorry about that. You good they're just taking pride in their nationality because nationality ties you back to a nation of sovereignty, land mass, culture, and identity. Right, not just calling me black, right?

SPEAKER_01 38:59

They're working with a different framework of identity itself.

SPEAKER_00 39:02

Got you.

1492 And The Birth Of Crypto Identity

SPEAKER_01 39:04

They know origins, right? And this is why this is the time for us as a people, is because prior to, if you really wanted to know the origins of who we are, gotta go to the library, you got to study for hours. We didn't have no internet, right? So, how many Asiatics, on top of trying to survive, how many Asiatics was going to the library doing all of this research? Well, it was your John Henry Clarks, it was your Ivan Certius, it was your host Mirta Bays, it was your Dr. Benz, right? Everything, everything, really everything that came from the conscious community in the 90s was built off of what they did in the 70s and the 80s and the 60s.

SPEAKER_00 39:44

That's just powerful. So, right now we at this slide of 1492, a new beginning. Right. Let's crack into that, brother.

SPEAKER_01 39:52

So, yeah, you know, again, we just gave a background on what was what was more Spain like, Moore Sandalucia like prior to 1492. So that was a that was a component of Lacovin Vince, Muslim, Jewish, Christian, um, connection and collaboration, right? Then we also had, of course, the network of agriculture, hydraulic technology, navigational tools, things like that. So all of that is the background, the foreground, the system for what was to come after 1492. So 1492, get the fall of Granada, the Alhambra decree, it's fell on the Jews, followed by forced conversion of the Muslims, right? So now Moors become Moriscos, Muslims forced to convert to Christianity. Jews become conversos or moranos, Jews forced to convert. Old Christians, those with no Jewish or Muslim ancestries, they hold the social power now, right? So this is when, and probably gonna say this in another slide, probably gonna talk more about it. This is where the Piazza de Sangre come from, pure bloodness, right? So back then, if you were poor-blooded, you were you had old Christian blood that was didn't have no admixture of Jewish or Muslim ancestry, right? Oh wow, so with that being said, uh that doesn't necessarily mean that it was like a straight down the line, darker skinned people versus lighter-skinned people, type of thing, right? Because what's not accounted for is that prior to um Moorish uh power declining the Iberian Peninsula, there were a lot of different marriages and stuff that were going on, right? So you would you would have old Christians, but their people married Moorish women, right? Or had a Moorish husband or something like that. So it doesn't necessarily mean old Christians themselves didn't have right, you know, melanated ancestry within them. But what it means is this is the start of where they're trying to separate people, right? These this is the this is where racism is the basically the soil from which racism grows out of.

SPEAKER_00 42:14

I got you. Yeah, I forgot what was the individual's name that started it. Um it came during the the the concrete con the Inquisition.

SPEAKER_01 42:24

Inquisition, yeah. Um, I believe, I believe it's Cardinal, his name is like Cardinal Jimenez or something like that. Yeah, yeah. Um the Inquisitor General. Yeah, yeah. So I tell people all the time if you want to understand uh the roots of racism, you have to understand the reconquista, yeah, the uh uh paper bulls and the inquisition. You have to understand these things in order to really get modern racism because it's it's it's it's the soil, it's the root from which racism grows out of.

SPEAKER_00 42:57

I got you. So this new world, this new beginning in 1492, it consists it consisted of what, like expelled Moors after they lost the whole of Granada, the last hole.

SPEAKER_01 43:07

So this is where this is where the split comes in the Moorish world, right? You have Moors that leave Andalusia, right? And they go to other places in Europe, they go to Africa, some come to the Americas. We're gonna get to that later. Then you have those who stay and just become Christians outwardly, but internally they're uh you know Muslim or Jewish. So then now, so these covert these covert Muslim and Jews, now they become the engine for the empire.

unknown 43:46

Okay.

SPEAKER_01 43:46

So this is what I so this is what I was saying, because they still had the technical, logistical knowledge that was needed for Spain and Portugal to expand. Yeah. 1492 isn't the end of Islamic Iberia. It's a transformation. The system didn't disappear, it went underground. Overnight, millions of people had to hide their heritage, their practices, and their beliefs. They became experts in a new skill, survival through concealment. Right? I think another slide is going to touch on this, but like this is like the origin of like code switching.

SPEAKER_00 44:24

Yeah, I see that. No one trusts me.

SPEAKER_01 44:26

I get it. You know, this is where we first, as a people, first started to really cold switch in the modern era.

SPEAKER_03 44:36

I got you.

SPEAKER_01 44:37

Right. So crypto identity. And this is this picture here, this is actually from a uh a real drawing, a real contemporary drawing of like the 16th century, I believe. Right. So uh crypto identity, the complex dynamics of identity preservation under social suspicion and scrutiny, outward expressions of Christianity, private customs and practice, social dynamics of suspicion, suspicion, adaptation for survival, mastery of clothes switching, resilience through layered identity. Right? So uh I believe it's called the Oran Fatwa. And it was basically a law ruling given by a you know a Morris Sultan from Morocco telling the newly converted, the forcibly newly converted Catholics who used to be Muslims in Spain, like, hey, you know, hourly do this, pray with your eyes, sickly go at night to do wudu. You feel what I'm saying? Like basically the laws on how to cold switch, exactly, and where they're at. So again, this crypto identity, right, basically becomes the uh depending on how much money you had prior to the fall, you either became a financier or a merchant, etc., under the new waves. So I think the next couple slides are gonna talk about that.

SPEAKER_00 46:05

I got you. Yo, that crypto that that concept idea that they had to live by to do practices, they had disguise their practices makes sense because now I'm looking at the African traditional spiritual practices. We had to hide every spirit under every Catholic um saint. Yes, this saint represent that. Yeah, oh my god, this thing is making so much more like we already know it, but now it's like wow, the to that point, right?

SPEAKER_01 46:33

So if the Moors were the first ones enslaved, these are the first ones to now put their religion under a guise, under Catholicism, right? How then do the other Africans you see learn how to do what they do? Because now they're coming into this, you see what I'm saying, into this network where the Moors are the first example of how to survive in this new world.

SPEAKER_00 46:57

Exactly.

SPEAKER_01 46:58

Exactly. So this is the connection. So to this point, class survival, economic disparities influence identities and survival strategies within the Atlantic system. So wealthy conversal merchants thrive in trade networks, skilled morisco artisans preserve cultural practices, and vulnerable poor converts face social exclusion and hardship, right? So, depending on how much money you have, determine what your status is gonna be now that Spain and Portugal is now ruling.

SPEAKER_00 47:30

Oh, the class system, the caste system, right? There it goes exactly.

SPEAKER_01 47:34

So it's like now on real time, we can see like, okay, why do some people stay and convert? Why do others leave? All right, so we know in real time. See, the thing is, it's like you know, there's this whole thing in the conscious community in the internet squirreling, like the more sold out, right? I heard that before, not really understanding the nuances and dynamics of what was going on because you did have more working for Spain and Portugal, and then you also have Morris who was jacking Spain and Portugal's boats, yeah. You feel what I'm saying? So it was on both ends, yeah.

SPEAKER_00 48:10

Yeah, we were the original pirates. I heard the stories about that, like the catching them intercepting those ships, yeah. All right, oh, that's crazy, man.

SPEAKER_01 48:20

So the contradiction now, right? Here's here's the contradiction. So the empire's policies of distrust versus its reliance on conversos and interpreters, right? The limp limpies of the sangre laws, reliance on conversos for administration, use of interpreters and trade and diplomacy, right? So on one end, right, they're trying to you know strip away as much as they can to these um newly converted Jews and Muslims, but on another end, they need them. There's a necessity for them to expand their empire. So Spain and Portugal is now stuck in a conundrum, right? So what we have is the image versus reality, where Spain claims to be a uh united, a unified Catholic monarchy. However, that's still Moorish influence, so they're still using Moorish architecture, music, art, agricultural techniques, and even the Spanish language are saturated with Arabic influence. I believe in the uh golden age of the Moor, they talk about how a song that a Moor made, like maybe in the 1100s or the 1200s, eventually became the national anthem for Spain.

SPEAKER_00 49:37

Oh man, right?

SPEAKER_01 49:39

So it's like you see what I'm saying? Well, I'm saying like it's it's the hidden network of the knowledge and the culture and the customs of the Moors just got transferred over to the rise of power of Spain and Portugal, and they just like you know, put it in their own way, but they're still using the core of the knowledge and the network.

SPEAKER_00 50:00

No, exactly, because I I know about the I know about the architecture like that they okay, they call cathedral or Catholic churches were actually mosques, they were Islamic mosques.

SPEAKER_01 50:10

Yeah, Islamic mosques, and they were built by what they call mudihars, which were basically Muslims that that were uh forced to convert or converted to Christianity prior to 1492, right? Um, so England, so England who opposed Spain, framed themselves as a Protestant anti-Spanish Empire, right? So they allied with Morocco, Queen Elizabeth and James IV first, they excuse me, forged alliances with Moroccan sultans, trading English arms and timber for Moroccan sugar and salt feeder. English privateers, like the Barbary Corsairs, operated with Moroccan support. Religion was branded, power was practical, Spain projected an image of Catholic purity, yet its culture was profoundly Moorish. England's identity was built on opposing Spain, yet it eagerly partnered with the very Moors Spain was trying to expel, right? So the Catholics can say we're this pure Catholic nation, however, a lot of that culture is still Moorish. Then Spain, then England is like, you know, we not Catholics. The Catholics, I mean, the Spain is basically still a Moorsh, you know, country, civilization, but whole time they're working with the Moors as well to get over on Spain. So they're trying to dog each other about working with Moors while still working with Moors.

SPEAKER_00 51:38

And then you they use our energy.

SPEAKER_01 51:40

Exactly.

SPEAKER_00 51:41

So I have heard this before. Like, you know, I mentioned this many moons ago on this on this platform that they say the American um legal system somehow has some Islamic influence on it.

SPEAKER_02 51:53

Yeah.

SPEAKER_00 51:54

And they even say something within the Capitol building that you see some Islamic insignias in certain parts that represents the law here. Like, you know, some like although they say America's a Christian-based country, yeah, some of the principles were based are built on Islamic structure. Is that true?

SPEAKER_01 52:11

So when we look at it from a pure like structure and similarity of idea, yes. Right? So, like I was just saying, right, during the Loc Holman Vincia era, Jews, Muslims, Christians were able to practice their religion freely. What's one of what's that's what's the first amendment? Freedom of religion here in America.

SPEAKER_00 52:35

Exactly.

SPEAKER_01 52:36

Right? So the ability to practice your religion freely in a country is something is a concept that goes back to more Spain. Right. So when we start to look at some of the concepts of American law, we can find that these same concepts existed uh when the Moors were ruling. So that's what they really mean when they're saying that.

SPEAKER_00 52:58

Gotcha. Gotcha. So I I only ask that because I see it, I find it like hypocritically confusing and alarming. Like whenever it's something that goes bump, it's an attack on Islam. They don't make the distinguishing the distinguish the distinguishment to say maybe it's fanatics of a particular group. They just automatically say Islam. You tell a black person that you're Muslim, it's like, ah, you know, you pull because you know they see the image of the militancy and all that, but they don't like some respect it, some don't. Like it's always some kind of backlash.

SPEAKER_01 53:32

I mean, that's and what and what we call that is a successful propaganda campaign. Exactly. Honestly, you know, to deter people from uh you know studying and looking more into Islam, but how successful really is it in this modern day? More and more of our people are becoming Muslim, even if they don't have no awareness of what the more size typical of America is. But it's like I'm seeing on my timeline more Muslims and more people talking about Islam than ever before. Right? People that I grew up with that's you know, Muslims now reaching out to me for you know advice on certain things. So it's just like even though they ran this propaganda against us as early as you know, as late as 2001, yeah, it's really not it really has you know working in some senses, you know.

SPEAKER_00 54:24

Exactly.

SPEAKER_01 54:24

Yeah.

Expulsions And The Hidden Atlantic Layer

SPEAKER_00 54:25

Oh man. Um, you want to continue with the slide, or you want me to ask another question?

SPEAKER_01 54:29

If you got another question, we we can go we can go there too.

SPEAKER_00 54:32

Oh, let's go into this, then we I ask a question, brother.

SPEAKER_01 54:37

So uh what we have here is the Morisco expulsion, the official expulsion led to continued movement and cultural assimilation in the Americas. So uh Moors were expelled. Nobu Drali talks about this all the time. I believe it's a Moore's historical message to America. He talks about uh the Moors being expelled from Spain in 1610, right? Um, and that once the Moors were expelled from Spain, a lot of industries in Spain went into decay. Right? Of course, right? Because we were the economic engine of agriculture, finance, and all the different things needed to sustain an empire. So from 1609 to 1614, expulsions occurred, forced migration to various colonies, assimilation into local cultures, persistence of knowledge systems despite expulsion, and continued influence and new environments. All right, so think about this time period, this time frame, 1609 or 1614, right? A lot of our people are familiar with the famous date of 1619, right? So around this time, the early 17th century, Spain is now, you know, after um expelling the Moors are now about to start their decline. And as these Moors who are being expelled from Spain now officially, as they start to go to other places, now you see the rise of these other European nations.

SPEAKER_00 56:15

Gotcha.

SPEAKER_01 56:16

First of all, we move to the next level.

SPEAKER_00 56:19

And do your thing, do your thing. Go ahead. I got a question now for let you do your thing, man. I'm enjoying this.

SPEAKER_01 56:25

Yeah. So this then creates the uh the hidden layer, right? The diverse crypto populations and communities within the Atlantic system, right? So crypto populations of Moriscos, Conversos, and their descendants navigating the Atlantic world. Then you have African Muslims, enslaved and free individuals from Sahill and West Africa bringing sophisticated Islam, literacy and Arabic and agriculture expertise. You have the traders and the settlers, a multi-ethnic class of maritime workers who operated in the spaces between empires. They have you know maroon uh villages and things like that, communities of escaped Africans who form independent societies, often incorporating indigenous and even European fugitives. And this is the system, this is the system beneath the system. So if you imagine an empire as a highway, this is the network of back roads, footpaths, underground tunnels that ran beneath it, connecting people across the very boundaries the empire is trying to enforce. Right? So between the crypto populations, the African Muslims, the traders, the sailors, and the marons, right? Again the last Ceminal War was like 1859, six years before the Civil War. Right. So depending on where you were at and which empire you were aligned with, right? Some of us weren't slaves, some of us were fighting back, some of us had our own autonomous communities, some of us were, you know, in the military for different colors. Like it depends, depending on your situation, you were in you were in a different circumstance, right? And but the because again, the knowledge, the network of knowledge that we've been discussing um prior to the rise of Spain and Portugal, that these African Muslims and crypto populations were still a commodity for the economic engine for these European uh empires. Charge on laptop real quick.

SPEAKER_00 58:32

No, you good, you good, brother. You may continue. Don't forget to comment, like, share, subscribe, my people. We got super chats, as I as I mentioned before. This is a great show. When you view it, run up the likes, share it. You know, pay respects to the brother because he's doing a great job with this presentation. There are a lot of things, information that he's dropping. And once you intake all this information, you will begin to connect the dots, and you will see that there's a story behind the story, behind the story. It's like a Russian doll. The deeper you, you know, the deeper you go, you get to the core of it. You'd be like, okay, this is why this this um this thing was put in place, why it functions that way. These these ideas and concepts. Go ahead, brother.

Indigenous Parallels And Book Recommendations

SPEAKER_01 59:16

Yes, sir. So the next point is um the maritime mix and zone. At sea, identities blended seamlessly as diverse skills and expertise became paramount. Multiple cultures interacted, creating a unique environment where collaboration shapes maritime practices and opportunities arise. So a hidden layer is that, like, um, of course, mixing happened on land, but a greater mixing and syncretism happen at sea. So, this is where you see like a lot of English people and Europeans, they start converting to becoming Muslims, like these uh privateer and pirate networks. A lot of them become Muslim, or some Muslims end up becoming Christian, like depending on again where you're at. A lot of secretism and mixing that was happening. But when you think about it, right, at sea, it's kind of more necessary because it's like y'all just got child on this boat, yeah, you know, in the middle of the ocean. So you start to see um on the ships, the laws that were enforced on the land didn't really carry over on the sea, right? So, you know, these people care less about the blood purity and more about whether you can handle a sail, navigate a coastline, translate a language. Skills mattered more than labels during this time, right? So a lot of crews would have West Africans, they would have crypto people, it would have Andalusians, it would have Portuguese people, it would even have some indigenous people. So, depending on you know your expertise, that was more valued than who you were, you know, what your quote unquote race were.

SPEAKER_00 1:01:04

Got you. One last question before we jump out of here about our indigenous family. Yes. Were there any parallels between Moorish spirituality and indigenous um belief?

SPEAKER_01 1:01:16

Yes, I would say, and I was talking to this about uh to my uh holiday to my mission, mission to me here in Denver, Colorado. Um, a big parallel is um religious symbology, right? So circle seven, right? Circle seven, symbol of the circle seven in Nobu Juali, uh, you know, it's given the morse, right? It's a symbol of perfected man, right? Perfected man, right? So just going through what the lessons say, perfected man is the uh human spirit made in the club, made uh human spirit clothed with soul made in the form of a law, right? That's the higher self. So the the Holy Quran and the more science to America says that right, the sun is not a law, but it is Allah's most noblest image. Then another chapter it talks about how our soul is this is the image of him who gave it. So right, man, basically that the circle seven, even though it's a symbol of the perfected man, it's really a symbol of the sun, right? And the sun being the light, being the purity, being the things that help things grow and bring warmth to the world, right? We as we as men and women should strive to you know be the image of light, right? So that's that uh circle and cross image is seen in Africa, in the Congo Cosmogram and the Tored Cross, uh, is seen throughout West Africa, and then you have the same uh circle and cross symbol in the Americas, but they just call it the medicine wheel, as well as you have uh different circle and cross symbols in the southeast of ceremonial complex, Itowat Mounds, Moundville's, and Alabama, and things like that. So I would say one of the biggest interesting connection of symbols and parallels is the Sun Cross symbol in Africa and in the Americas, which is symbolic of the circle Saturn.

SPEAKER_00 1:03:40

That's peace right there, brother. Yo, I want to say thank you very much, man. I appreciate you, man, for coming out, for dropping all this information. And again, people, you cannot get it in all in one sitting. It takes um time, as he says, and years of studying. Um give us three books before we check out of here that where people can start from to get their research.

SPEAKER_01 1:04:02

Based on this lecture, three books that I will want you to get. Uh it's let me let me pull it up. Actually, I would say you will want to get looking at me. I'm taking notes as well. Um, Jane Landers. So Jane Landers, she has a book. No, actually, Caroline Cook. Her book is called Forbidden Passages, Muslims and Moriscos and Colonial Spanish America. Caroline P. Cook, right? So in her book, she goes in on how you know uh Moors were passing as Christians to secretly come to the Americas, um, how the Mexican Inquisition were basically finding people who were either, you know, Muslim sizing or Judaizing, court cases that were brought upon people during the Inquisition of their Moorish identity or Jewish identity. So that's a good book. Forbidden Passages by Caroline Cook. Um, you also have um, I think it's called Muslims and Jews, Jews and Muslims in early British colonial America by Daniel uh Yotz or Gates. That's a popular book um in the community. Um another good book is if you want to look at um Servants of Allah by Sylvian Jolf. Servants of Allah is another good book because she breaks down uh the African Muslim perspective of the transatlantic slave trade, and she made some some beautiful discoveries on how blues and Jazz comes from the Islamic um imprint on so you know African American culture. Um, she even put a video I um I posted it on Facebook and Instagram before, but she plays a blues song that was used on a chain game called Levy Camp Holler, and she played the Don. Um she played these two things back to back, and the melodonic uh framework of the song Levy Cap Holler was the same melody of the Don. Like it literally sounds the exact same, right? So it's like she she's she put some she put some heat out there. So I'm gonna say those three books right there.

SPEAKER_00 1:06:42

I appreciate that. I'm definitely gonna check that out. I got so many books I'm still digesting right now. I'm more on the on the mental side, I'm taking things in and then some esoteric teachings as well. I like to have a show about the esoteric teachings of the Moors, what the Moors prescribed gave to Europe. You know, we we could get into the Templars history against Islam and everything else. We definitely gonna touch into that.

SPEAKER_01 1:07:02

Well, we can take it everywhere, man, because it's just like uh it's all connected. The history, esoteric, the application of today. Like it's it's all it's it's all definitely.

Final Thanks And Where To Support

SPEAKER_00 1:07:17

Your brother Maury L. Smith, Smith L, brother. I appreciate you, man. Much blessings to you and your family, man. Yes, sir. To our listeners, go out there and support what the brothers are doing. You know what I'm saying? Got a book, yeah. Go ahead. Tell them about the book, brother.

SPEAKER_01 1:07:32

Uh, it's called The Missing Piece to the Puzzle. Um Unbroken History and Prophecies for the Future for Moorish Americans.

SPEAKER_00 1:07:41

Do me a favor, brother. When we put this video up, you're gonna text me that link, man, so I can put it in the description for the people to find.

SPEAKER_02 1:07:48

We'll do. We'll do.

SPEAKER_00 1:07:50

Definitely, man. Uh, so our family out there, our listeners and our viewers, don't forget to comment, like, share, subscribe. We got super chats, show love, run up the likes on these videos. We got more coming out. Support us. We, you know, find our handles on Facebook, TikTok, Instagram. Show love to NYP. Show love to Maury Smith L. Morielle Smith L. Apologies for that. Thank you. Um that being said, family, we are out. Peace.

SPEAKER_02 1:08:20

Peace and love.

SPEAKER_00 1:08:21

Peace.