Beyond the Walls with Jeremy Thomas
Jeremy approaches Bible teaching with a passion for getting the basic doctrines explained so that the individual can understand them and then apply them to circumstances in their life. These basic and important lessons are nestled in a framework of history and progression of revelation from the Bible so the whole of Scripture can be applied to your physical and spiritual life.
Beyond the Walls with Jeremy Thomas
NT Framework - Spirit Poured Forth
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Joel didn't predict it but Peter and the apostles knew it was a fulfillment. And what we learn is that there are many ways for a prophecy to be fulfilled.
More information about Beyond the Walls, including additional resources can be found at www.beyondthewalls-ministry.com
This series included graphics to illustrate what is being taught, if you would like to watch the teachings you can do so on Rumble (https://rumble.com/user/SpokaneBibleChurch) or on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtV_KhFVZ_waBcnuywiRKIyEcDkiujRqP).
Jeremy Thomas is the pastor at Spokane Bible Church in Spokane, Washington and a professor at Chafer Theological Seminary. He has been teaching the Bible for over 20 years, always seeking to present its truths in a clear and understandable manner.
Welcome And Lesson Setup
SPEAKER_00Welcome to Beyond the Walls with Jeremy Thomas and our series on the New Testament framework. Today, a smaller, bite-sized piece from the larger lesson. We hope you enjoy it.
Four Ways The New Testament Quotes
SPEAKER_02There are four ways the New Testament authors quote the Old Testament. And actually, next week when we get into Matthew 2, the story of the wise men and all that, all this is a prep for that, all four types of usages are found in Matthew chapter 2, which is what we'll study. So just real quick, there's the four different ways. First of all, direct fulfillment. This means there's a straightforward prophecy and fulfillment. And an example would be the prophets said that Jesus would be born in Bethlehem, and guess where Jesus was born? Bethlehem. That is the easiest type, and that is what most people think of when they think of Bible prophecy being fulfilled. But there are other ways that the New Testament authors quoted the Old Testament. We would ask ourselves, first of all, before we move past direct fulfillment, is Peter quoting Joel because Joel was directly fulfilled on the day of Pentecost? Well, I mean, no. Most of the things that Joel predicted did not happen on that day. So but this will be directly fulfilled in the future with Israel, just as Joel said. So that's to be expected. But the question still is, well, why did he quote it then? Not as a direct fulfillment.
Direct Fulfillment And Its Limits
SPEAKER_02Secondly, there's typological fulfillment. That means that in the Old Testament, a type is established, and then later, in the New Testament, you find an anti-type. For example, Hosea says that Israel went down to Egypt. We know the story, right? It's all there in the book of Genesis. You know, they went down to Egypt and they were there for 400 years, and then they came out of Egypt. You had the intricus to Egypt. Later you had the Exodus from Egypt. Well, guess what? The Messiah was the antity to that, to the nation. And just as the nation went down to Egypt and later came out, so the Messiah went down to Egypt, and when Herod was dead, he came out. So that's a typological fulfillment in that Israel was the type, the Messiah was the antitype. So as goes the nation,
Typological Fulfillment And The Exodus Pattern
SPEAKER_02so went the Messiah. The nation Israel is to say, hey, look, the same path that our nation walked is the same path that the Messiah would walk. And therefore, when Jesus walks that path, that must mean that Jesus is the Messiah. That again isn't probably that's not what is happening in Joel chapter 2, but it's interesting to know that they quote it
Applicational Fulfillment And Matthew 2
SPEAKER_02in this way. The third type of way New Testament authors quote the Old Testament is called applicational fulfillment. And this is just like a pastor making an application of a passage, maybe in the Old Testament, that refers to Israel, and uh I make an application to us, something like that, because of similarities between Israel and what we face in the church, right? So this is what it basically is. It means that there's some historical or prophetic event in the Old Testament that is quoted in the New Testament because some current event is so similar to it that it comes to mind. For example, again, Jewish women wept when their sons and husbands were taken captive to Babylon. Of course they wept. And then in the New Testament, in Matthew 2, guess what happens? Jewish women weep because their baby boys around Bethlehem are murdered by Herod. So because this new current event is similar to the old one that happened in the days of Jeremiah, the author in the New Testament picks up that passage from Jeremiah and he says, Hey, it's been fulfilled. In many cases, they're not even prophecies, they're just historic events. But the point is that there's something similar, and so the author quotes it and says it's fulfilled. And that's not how we use fulfilled, but this is the way they used it. So we're trying to understand that.
Why Peter Quotes Joel At Pentecost
SPEAKER_02That's exactly what Peter's doing when he quotes Joel too. So it's this third type of quotation that Peter is using on the day of Pentecost. There is one point of similarity between what happened on the day of Pentecost and what Joel predicted would happen. And we just read Joel, so we can glance here as we're still in Joel. Verse 28 says it, I will pour out my spirit on all mankind. There had been on the day of Pentecost a what? A pouring out of the Spirit. That's the explanation for tongues. They said, How can these this be? Well, well, because the Holy Spirit had been poured out, and he was the one that Acts 2.4 says was giving them utterance. The Spirit was giving them utterance. So that's why he quoted the Joel passage.
Why Long Quotes And No Verse Numbers
SPEAKER_02You say, Well, why did he quote so much of it? It's like five verses. Well, because Jews, first of all, didn't memorize verses. Because guess what?
SPEAKER_01They didn't have verse divisions. Neither did they have chapter divisions. Those things didn't even come until the church, church history.
SPEAKER_02Okay. I mean, the chapter divisions, what? 1260 Stephen Langton, something like that? Uh verse divisions. First Bible to show up with verse divisions was 1560. The Geneva Study Bible. The first Bible in all of history to have uh chapter and verse divisions was only, what, not even 500 years ago. So uh most people in history didn't have that. So if you don't have verses to memorize, because there are no such things as verses, what do you think you memorize? Sections. That's what the Jews memorized, sections of Scripture. So when we come to Acts chapter 2 and we see him quoting five verses from Joel 2, what do we know?
SPEAKER_01He's quoting what he had memorized in his sermon.
SPEAKER_02So that's the first thing to understand about uh the you know, the meaning of Acts 2 is that he quoted Joel to show that the explanation of tongues was that a pouring out of the Spirit had taken place.
Tongues Explained As Spirit Outpouring
SPEAKER_02That's mentioned in verse 2.17 and also in 2.18. I will in those days pour forth of my spirit. And what had Jesus predicted in Acts 1.5? What did he predict in Acts 1.5? John baptized with water, but you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now. So obviously the Holy Spirit was the prediction, and Peter agrees with that. What does Peter further say a little farther on in his sermon, verse 33? Therefore, having been exalted to the right hand of God, this is the exaltation of Christ, to the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he, that is, the Messiah, Jesus Christ, has poured forth this which you both see and hear. Remember, it's a miracle that is a sight and sound phenomena. And the explanation of it is in this verse also the Holy Spirit.
Wrap Up And Where To Find Visuals
SPEAKER_00Thank you for joining us on Beyond the Walls with Jeremy Thomas. If you would like to see the visuals that went along with today's sermon, you can find those on Rumble and on YouTube under Spokane Bible Church. That is where Jeremy is the pastor and teacher. We hope you found today's lesson productive and useful in growing closer to God and walking more obediently with Him. If you found this podcast to be useful and helpful, then please consider rating us in your favorite podcast app. And until next time, we hope you have a blessed and wonderful day.