This week we discuss episodic and chronic migraines. Migraines are primary headaches that affect about a billion people globally each year. In this weeks episode, we discuss symptoms and the differences between episodic and chronic migraines.  Learn about risk factors, treatment options, and why accurate and appropriate treatment is critical to keep episodic migraines from getting worse.

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References:

Safiri, S., et al. (2022). Global, regional, and national burden of migraine in 204 countries and territories, 1990 to 2019. Pain, 163(2), e293-e309. https://oce.ovid.com/article/00006396-202202000-00028/HTML

International Headache Society. (2018). 1. Migraine. IHS Classification ICHD-3. https://ichd-3.org/1-migraine/

Koren, M.J. & Toenjes, S. (Hosts). (2024). Two docs talk: Migraines. [Podcast Episode]. In MedEvidence! Truth Behind the Data. MedEvidence. https://medevidence.com/two-docs-talk-migraines

May, A., & Schulte, L. H. (2016). Chronic migraine: risk factors, mechanisms and treatment. Nature Reviews Neurology, 12(8), 455-464. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrneurol.2016.93

Young, N. P., et al. (2019). Episodic and chronic migraine in primary care. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 59(7), 1042-1051. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.13543

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Amiri, P., et al. (2022). Migraine: a review on its history, global epidemiology, risk factors, and comorbidities. Frontiers in neurology, 12, 800605. https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.800605/full

Bigal, M. E., et al. (2008). Acute migraine medications and evolution from episodic to chronic migraine: A longitudinal population‐based study. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 48(8), 1157-1168. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2008.01217.x

Mathew, N. T., Kurman, R., & Perez, F. (1990). Drug induced refractory headache‐clinical features and management. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 30(10), 634-638. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.1990.hed3010634.x

Lipton, R. B., & Silberstein, S. D. (2015). Episodic and chronic migraine headache: breaking down barriers to optimal treatment and prevention. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 55, 103-122. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.12505_2