School Talk: UAE
Welcome to "School Talk: UAE," your go-to podcast for all things education in the United Arab Emirates.
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Each episode provides valuable insights and perspectives from those directly involved in shaping the educational experience.
Whether you're a parent, an educator, or simply curious about the state of education in the UAE, "School Talk: UAE" is your window into the dynamic world of learning in this region.
School Talk: UAE
Unmasking the Vaping Epidemic in Schools with Scott Brown
Discover the often-overlooked hazards of vaping as we sit down with Scott Brown, Deputy Head Teacher at Jebel Ali School, who discusses this growing epidemic in schools. Our in-depth conversation uncovers the stealthy nature of vaping, the allure of its marketing to teens, and the urgent necessity for comprehensive education on its risks. Scott brings to light the deceptive appeal of vaping as a "healthier" alternative to traditional smoking, and stresses the importance of empowering students with the truth about their targeted role in vape companies' marketing strategies.
Prepare to be surprised as we discuss the addictive grip of salt-based nicotine and the cunningly enticing flavours designed to hook young users. Scott shares the significant struggles parents face in detecting their children's vaping habits and the profound importance of fostering open dialogue at home. We also tackle the controversial topic of how best to support students grappling with addiction, advocating for a compassionate approach that prioritizes education and mentorship over punitive measures. Join us for a compelling look at how educators and communities can unite to turn the tide against teen vaping.
Hello, Mr Scott Brown. Thank you so much for coming on School Talk. I am here today at Jebel Ali School with Scott Brown, who is one of the assistant principals.
Speaker 2:Deputy head teacher.
Speaker 1:I'm here with Scott Brown, the deputy head teacher at Jebel Ali School, and a slightly different topic. Today. We're going to kind of educate people on vaping very different to the first few episodes. So, scott, why vaping? Why do you want to talk about this today?
Speaker 2:thanks, chris.
Speaker 2:I think, um this is a subject.
Speaker 2:When I talk to my colleagues across dubai in the uk, all over the world international teachers it seems to be something that is becoming more and more prevalent, and I think any school that claims that there is absolutely no vaping on its campus are probably hiding themselves from the truth a little bit.
Speaker 2:It's not necessarily something that we have a massive problem with, but we have noticed over the last five, eight years that vaping is becoming more and more of a problem. It's worth. It's one of those things where it's worth us as educators getting together, speaking to other schools, finding out what they're doing, what works, any particular issues there are some really scary stories that I've heard from other schools in dubai and trying to make sure that we are aware of what is going on there, how students are using them, how they're hiding them, how we can support them and kind of having that open conversation that we don't necessarily want to have and not shine away from. This is something that students in schools are unfortunately perhaps going to be offered, whether that's here, whether that's another school, whether that's in the park, whether that's at a party, wherever else.
Speaker 1:It's something that does seem to be quite unavoidable right now yeah, lots of things there that will kind of jump to and go through during the show.
Speaker 2:So slightly different topic, but a very important topic nonetheless when I started teaching, um, you'd have students that would be smoking cigarettes. Same in my school days. There would be a kind of group that would hide behind the wall at the end of the field. I remember mr peachy would find ingenious ways of getting to that wall without them seeing him, and you'd always see the kind of puffs behind the wall there and then I kind of, as time went on, the smoking ban came in.
Speaker 2:Uh, we'd see less and less students smoking in school. Uh, the culture changed massively and there was kind of this this period where it wasn't perhaps that big a problem in schools. And, um, something that I've definitely noticed and my colleagues across Dubai, in the UK, all over the world more and more in the last 10 years, is the increase in vaping, the number of students in schools that have access to vapes and the real problems that they're causing for schools in terms of educating students, educating parents and trying to prevent vaping from happening in schools all across Dubai, the UK and the rest of the world.
Speaker 1:What would you say? Main contributing factors are to vaping.
Speaker 2:I'd say one of the reasons it's such a problem is how easy it is for students to conceal. Again, I came back. I spoke about smoking at the start. It was so obvious to everyone in a school who was a smoker. They had the aroma discolouration. There was normally a perfume trying to cover up that smell of cigarettes.
Speaker 2:Very easy to kind of know, whereas now this is such a discrete device and the the danger is that it's very, very accessible. Students can get hold of it, but they're not really aware of the dangers. I mean, we were talking just before, before we started the podcast. It's still a lot of people conceive of vape as a healthier alternative to smoking and there's more and more information coming out, more and more data, more and more studies that show that that isn't actually true and there are different dangers to smoking. It might not be the same dangers obviously there are lower levels of tar but the nicotine levels in particular and some of the consequences of that.
Speaker 1:We're really still only just finding out what's happening there I would say in terms of that point there about the, the dangers, I would say at the moment, students don't mind about the dangers that you could educate them on. In 15, 20 years time, if you tell them, okay, you might get lung cancer. They don't care about 20 years down the line. So what can we do now in terms of educating them to see how, how serious this is the impact it's having at the moment?
Speaker 2:yeah, and that's that's a really good point. That is something that you know. Young people are very, very aware of something like smoking and the dangers that come off of that, but aren't particularly bothered right now. That's a problem for another day. So it's really in terms of talking to students it's an education stance.
Speaker 2:Firstly, making them understand why companies are targeting them. If you look at the design of a vape I mean traditionally they began as kind of metal objects and they've transformed over the last few years. They're very bright packaging. Quite often they look like a suite or they're even designed as a suites package. They are targeting teenagers. They know that that is their target audience.
Speaker 2:Now you've got to ask students why are they targeting you? They know that's not the legal market. They know that, depending where you are in the world, the age for buying those products is going to be between 18 and 21. So why on earth are they creating a product that is going to be particularly successful with teenagers? And the answer there is kind of twofold. One, the vaping is less popular of that generation that kind of learned the dangers of smoking. But the scary and more morbid answer is a lot of the people that were their market are getting sick and perhaps even passing away from these habits. So they need the replacements, they need the next generation. And how do you do that? Well, you make a product that is vibrant. That is something they're going to be interested in, and that's the only reason that packaging is designed that way. So that's the first thing is to make them understand that they are being targeted.
Speaker 2:Whatever these companies say oh no, it's just a bit of fun, it's harmless. No, there will be people sat in a room marketing agencies. They will be doing their research and going. How do we get this product into the hands of teenagers? The danger that comes with that is, once it's in the hands of teenagers, they are way, way more susceptible to getting hooked on these. And if you look at the research and the neuroplasticity, when you're under 25, nicotine affects your brain completely differently and it changes those pathways to create an addiction.
Speaker 2:The delivery method is a high nicotine spike, but also the volumes of nicotine that they're putting into these products to make them addictive. Again, these are chemists. These aren't people messing around here. There are people going how do we make this product as addictive as possible?
Speaker 2:If you look in the UK, there's regulation. It's 1.7 milligrams of nicotine per unit In the US. There's no real limit there, but it's roughly around 5 milligrams there In Dubai. We are perhaps in an even more unregulated market in that a lot of the products that we're seeing here, unless they are being brought from the shops, we don't even know the levels of nicotine that are being bought in these products. If they're being imported from kind of china, from from the east of here again the regulation is even less. The nicotine levels could be even higher, even more addictive, and there is a real danger here that something that seems like a harmless vice you try once or twice at a party, a friend hands to you, can very, very quickly get you hooked and start forming a lifetime habit so let's go back and break down that a few ways.
Speaker 1:If we initially compare a vape to a cigarette, so just before we came on I went on the nhs website and the nhs recommends to start doesn't recommend to start vaping, but it suggests vaping is a good alternative to smoking. So if we compare the nicotine in a pack of 20 cigarettes compared to a vape, what kind of similarities. What's the comparison there?
Speaker 2:I guess the easiest comparison. Looking at a mainstream brand like a Jewel Bar or an Elf Bar, they are normally the nicotine of 40 to 50 cigarettes in one single bar. Obviously those last longer than a single cigarette, but the nicotine levels are significantly higher. Now you see the NHS and kind of the adverts like that. Yes, there isn't the tar and those kind of things, but there are other chemicals in there and that changes from brand to brand. They're all in the hydride family. Now formal hydride is obviously quite big in the news at the moment.
Speaker 2:It's not a good drug to be taken. But the the level of research on tar on tobacco is high. We're talking about a habit that is over a hundred years old. There's a lot of research on cigarettes. But if you look at companies like Marlborough here in the 1950s with dr vacuum were telling you that a cigarette a day was good for you. That was just lack of research at the time and that's what we're seeing here.
Speaker 2:We're seeing a, a view that doesn't perhaps have the level of background understanding that is needed to give those opinions. To say that one is safer than the other when you don't truly know the effects or the long-term outcomes of one of these products is just reckless in my opinion, and it's becoming more and more apparent as we get a bigger body of evidence of the effects of vaping that they aren't a safer alternative to smoking and that view. That was the initial kind of selling the initial USP when they were trying to get adults to vape come off your cigarettes, take the vape instead. That seems to have gone on the back burner for a lot of companies and they've gone right. That's not our market anymore. Which brings me back to what we were saying let's get these into kids to teenagers and let's find a packaging that gets this new market.
Speaker 1:Yeah, completely agree there in terms of the length of time in which we've had the evidence, compared to what we do with a cigarette, compared to now what we do with a vape. When I was teaching year six a couple of months ago, a lot of the kids would say, yep, my parent vapes, but now they don't smoke. So it's just that preconceived notion that it's just healthier without that length of research. So one way or another a student has access to a vape, again doing some research before. There's vapes now that look like highlighters. The highlighters work as they would a normal highlighter, but also vapes as well, so super easy to conceal and, on the flip side of that, from a parent perspective or a teacher perspective, really difficult to manage. Once they've started, why do you think they continue doing it?
Speaker 2:yeah, I mean, if you go back to to the design, to start with the highlighters, I mean that that is the tip of the iceberg. The concealment methods are becoming more and more extreme. We're talking the centre tube of a water bottle can be an alternative vape storage place. There are hoodies where the toggle is a vape. And again, if you talk back the education and kids trying to understand why the companies are doing this, why would a legitimate company create a concealed device? There is no reason, no legitimate reason to do that. If you are selling to people, to adults, that don't need to be discreet, don't need to hide their habit, then there is no need for these devices. These companies are quite clearly trying to create a highlighter pen that can go in a pencil case and look completely and absolutely normal. So they know what they're doing, they know who their market is.
Speaker 2:The addiction levels. Again, this comes down to a few things the the nicotine in a vape is a salt based nicotine. If you've ever tried a cigarette and definitely don't condone that, but your initial cigarette is probably not a pleasant experience. I mean, it's a really harsh taste. It hurts your mouth, hurts back of your throat. Come at your eyes water. It could be not something that a kid's gonna try once and go yeah, that was great, I want to do that again. You have a va, salt-based nicotine that doesn't taste particularly bad. You then have a flavor added to that which is normally a candy-based flavor. It's something sweet, it's kind of like a Haribo, and then they get the little buzz that comes with that, the concentration, the upside, the nicotine high that comes from there, and they go. This is great. They don't have the negatives that come with the traditional smoking method and that makes it so easy to go back and to try again and try again.
Speaker 2:Then you look at the elevated nicotine levels, you look at the concentration and the nicotine is what forms these pathways, what creates the addiction, and it's so much higher the actual chemicals.
Speaker 2:They're vaporizedized, which is a quicker delivery method than the smoking inhalation, so it gets into your bloodstream quicker. It's very easy for them to get peer pressured into trying it for the first time, but then it's so much more addictive and that's the danger that you have here and I really see students, children, as the victim of this product and, um, whilst as a school and all schools, you do have a duty, you need to sanction and try and prevent these things as a personal kind of stance on this and, in a way, I think that we have to tackle it. We have to see kids of victims. We have to stick to, as schools, our stance that this is about education and supporting, helping those that have been duped into this and want to get help, want to get support, want to have honest, open conversations on how they can get away from these habits and look after their health in the long term yeah, 100, I think.
Speaker 1:Two parts to that. One, you've got the education side of it. So not just telling students no, you shouldn't do this, or they're going to get in trouble for doing it. Why are they doing it? What is the root cause of that? And then, as you say, how can we educate them? Not just them, the whole kind of community, parents, their friends, all of them around them? What education things can we put in place to stop that happening?
Speaker 1:The second thing that you said there was about students who continuously do it. They get that high and then there's no real downside to that. But as it's concealed again, going back to when we you were comparing it to smoking, you couldn't smoke in a classroom, you couldn't go to the toilet and smoke, you couldn't wake up in the middle of night without other people knowing, whereas a vape now you can do that pretty much anywhere without anyone finding out, specifically parents or teachers, probably the people you're hiding it from. Then it gets to the stage where they become dependent on it and obviously they're doing it more and more to get that higher.
Speaker 1:But then so their baseline changes which isn't going to be a good thing.
Speaker 2:I'll tell you one question. I get asked a lot yeah is from parents. What should we do?
Speaker 2:yeah okay, because I think it's a. It's a really a really fair question. I have parents who suspect that their son or daughter is vaping, not just in school, kind of friends who have kids as well, who suspect their child's like what do I do? And it's one of those things where it's really really tricky because it's so much harder to actually detect if you're a parent. Yeah, you know you. They're very, very small, they're very easy to conceal. Bags these days have hidden pockets, things like that. The designs aren't obvious and there aren't the telltale odors that there were with cigarettes.
Speaker 2:I think the the main thing we can say to parents is, firstly, to have really honest, open conversations. Talk to your kids about vapes. Are you aware of them? Do you know people that do them? Don't make it this thing where, if I find out that this has been happening, you're going to be in loads of trouble. Obviously you want to do that as a deterrent. I totally understand that.
Speaker 2:But by closing down that conversation, we are stopping kids from being able to talk to the mum and dad and go. I've got a problem here and I need help because expecting them to be able to kick this if we, if we, spoke to an adult who is over 25 who'd started smoking and we expected them to quit just because they know it's a bad thing, you'd say that was unreasonable. Adults really struggle to give up habits like smoking, other things that are bad for them. Yet we're expecting children who have social pressure, they have stresses in life, exams, all of those things. They have a brain that is far, far more susceptible to addiction and then they have this gateway drug with far higher levels of nicotine than we were ever exposed to when we were young and that brain that's still developing as well. Exactly, and they're you know, their brain is developing these pathways and these pathways are gonna set lifetime habits. And we're saying no, now that you've started that habit.
Speaker 2:If you don't stop this immediately, you're gonna be grounded for six months and expecting that to work and whilst it might do in some circumstances, I think the reality there is you're pushing further levels of kind of hiding and dishonesty between yourself and your kids Rather than going. Let's be honest, the this is something you're going to struggle with. They they say that once you get hooked on them, you need your kind of. Your body starts needing the next fix of nicotine roughly four hours later. There are stories of kids hiding them under their pillows to wake up in the night, get another dose and then go back to sleep.
Speaker 2:So by saying, you know, we're just going to deal with this, you know, by by punishing, by checking bags every day, all of these things, that on its own is not going to work. Yeah, it's brilliant to be on it as a parent, to be checking things, to be trying to make sure that they, those items, aren't there, but then if you do find them, again it's got to be about helping those students. As I said, I very much see children as the victim of this and they're going to need support. If we think that an adult would struggle to give up these habits, it's going to be so much harder for a kid and we have to understand that and we have to try and find ways to support them with it with all behaviors in school.
Speaker 1:You would have a collaborative approach from the school, from the parents. So that was what parents can do. What does Jebel Ali do? What should a school do in terms of support, in terms of educating, to try and reduce this, prevent this?
Speaker 2:Yeah, I think you always have to start with your stance as education, and one thing that we've tried to be proactive on is doing information sessions for all the students and that kind of that data, that information, sharing that with students, but trying to do that in a way that they understand what's going on, trying to explain to them that there are companies out there targeting them and making them understand that this is a marketing game. They are seen as money. To these people it's not a habit or a. It's not something they should try because of peer pressure. These are people trying to get you hooked on something to make them richer, and the first thing that we're doing the education is to try and make them understand that what these companies are doing here.
Speaker 2:The second side of it, and perhaps the less successful side, is the health side and sharing some, some pretty gory stories. I mean, uh, popcorn lung was definitely one thing that that became quite big in the news for a while, but we keep going back to. You can go on youtube and and hear stories from people that have survived some pretty serious lung conditions or from parents who unfortunately have lost their son or daughter to a vape related illness and the body of those stories and videos on platforms like youtube or news news channels is getting is getting bigger and bigger. It's um, it's not coincidence, you know. The more and more mainstream that vaping has become, the more stories there are out there of some pretty serious repercussions. Also, educating them on the low level, the instant things that they will see if they start vaping the effects to their cardiovascular system.
Speaker 2:We live in an extremely sporty country. We have very outdoorsy, very active kids. They're going to start seeing, within the first few weeks of using this, effects on their athletic performance. And again, it's it's trying to think what might work for you or me hearing about the long-term effects on our health. That seems to resonate less with kids and it's more about understanding how that's going to affect them in the short term and also the feeling of being duped. They don't want to feel like someone is tricking them into doing this. It's trying to get that message across, along with the more shocking stories of kind of the, the potential things that could happen to them yeah, I guess if you compare it to an adult asking them about their pension, that's 25 years away.
Speaker 1:How concerned are they about that? And again, someone who's 10, 15 years younger thinking about their health. They want that a little higher now. They want to succeed in their, their social bubbles and things like that. So, yeah, yeah, completely agree with a transparent approach from a school that you need to educate them on, kind of a three-pronged attack you're saying there about the scare stories, but then also short-term all of it yeah, and then of course there is the other side of it.
Speaker 2:You know we are a school. We can't tolerate that kind of behavior. Much as I say, I see students as victims and they we also have a duty to prevent as much as possible that from happening on the school grounds. And I think any school that tells you there is no vaping happening in their school right now I think they're perhaps burying their head in the sand a little bit. We do catch students doing it, but it is incredibly difficult for a school to kind of manage that with how discreet and how easy those devices are to hide, manage that with how discreet and how easy those devices are to hide.
Speaker 2:In terms of what we've been doing, we have a very, very strict no tolerance to it. Students that are found vaping would automatically get one of the higher level sanctions some kind of exclusion from lessons, warning letters that would go out to parents about future conduct and putting their place in school in danger, and that's really about protecting the community. If one student brings a vapour to school and shares that with five other students, there's obviously a danger there. I've spoken already about how addictive they may be. In terms of being proactive and catching the students. We have experimented with vapour alarms, with mixed success. That's definitely a technology that's still in its infancy and improving are speaking with companies to try and find better models of that, but they do pose the same problem. If you like, predominantly, vaping occurs in in the bathrooms. Where aren't teachers?
Speaker 1:there aren't cameras.
Speaker 2:Students know that and take advantage of it. So if the alarms are placed in those areas, you just know that it happened at a certain time and there were certain students in there. Again, it's very, very difficult for schools to police. You need support from the community. You really really do so. It is really really difficult and you know we are. I find myself quite often at the weekend trying to do research on this. You were talking about podcasts before, but I also try and do research on prevention, like what is the most up-to-date, what are the most cutting-edge methods to kind of detect and prevent vapes? There will be more technologies coming out. There are tests that parents can do at home with kids and things like that. But again, I'm not suggesting that that's a good route to go down, but we are just watching that market with the hope that something better comes up.
Speaker 1:You do wish that those students that do vape would put that much energy and analysis of where vape alarms are and things like that into their actual work. They did that much in trying to evade teachers and parents. There'd be a lot of benefits, but hey, it's just. I guess teenagers of a certain age will happen.
Speaker 2:Yeah, and, as I said, you've got to see them here as the victims of this. You know, it's very easy for us to kind of look at them and chastise them and go what on earth are you doing? But there comes a certain point when you think, if you see a repeated behavior and you go, this isn't a one-off. You know there are. There are certain groups of students that seem to be going to the bathroom a lot more and aren't needing a visit to the doctor. Yeah right, you obviously don't want to be here anymore. You're fed up of me telling you to get out of bathrooms. You're fed up of trying to scurry around school and it comes down to here. They probably didn't realize how addictive this would be and now they're caught in that yeah.
Speaker 1:So I think, to round up, as scott said there, there's so many different avenues in which educators, parents, can help students overcome vaping. The big thing that comes from this is that there'll be students probably in every school in Dubai, across the world, where students are vaping and again, punishing them is never going to deter them. I would say, if you tell a student not to do something, there's always that inkling to carry on doing it. So the education side of it is definitely there. Be transparent with them, be open with them to have those conversations, and then that's when the changes, the differences, will take place. Um, moving slightly away from vaping, at the last podcast we did, they posed the question for you to answer. Oh really, so nothing to do.
Speaker 1:They didn't know who you to answer. Oh really, so nothing to do? They didn't know who you were. Okay, it was just kind of an open-ended education question. Their question was what has been your one key moment in education that you were like yes, this is why I became a teacher.
Speaker 2:Oh, that's a tough question.
Speaker 1:That's like a real interview question. Yeah, there you go.
Speaker 2:Yeah, that's tough, it's that's like a real interview question. Um, yeah, um, that's tough, it's like an interview question. Um, I had one quite early in my teaching career. Um, I taught at a state school in the uk, um, and it was a really interesting school. It was huge and, uh, 12 or 13 classes per year group and you would go from teaching kids that were going off to Oxbridge one lesson to the next lesson, set 13 and some some really tricky and some really troubled kids, and in my first year I had a GCSE group and they were hard work. They were really really hard work but they were bright enough. They and they, they tested me and you know yourself, when you start your teaching career in the UK it's a really tough environment and I'd worked in law before. I was wondering if I made the right decision and I was dreading this class at the start. By the time I saw them through their GCSEs, they were one of my favorite classes.
Speaker 2:But there was one student in particular. His name was Ben and um he, he caused me absolute hell for two years. So he was, he was always doing something, always had something to say. Um was on the phone to his parents most weeks just constantly just trying to get him to do better, because he was so bright he could quite easily get a top grade, go on and do anything, but he just loved messing around. And it was um, at his uh, his year 11s kind of uh graduation ceremony when they had their their results the following november. He came up to me, the end and he shook my hand and he went. I am so sorry. Thank you so much for getting me through that course, for getting me the.
Speaker 2:It was back when we had a star to get me the a star, and now I'm off to my a levels and hopefully go on to medicine afterwards on there. So that was that. That was a real moment where I kind of realized I was doing the right thing. Um, more recently there's been, there's been a few moments here. There's one I always talk about, um, when we we came to jebel ali and um, we had our, our head teacher, the original head teacher who sadly passed away this year clet doughty. She, um, she always talked about the jazz magic and she talks about this community school and she sold us all the original kind of eight staff that began here. She, she sold us this and we were her dream team, as she always told us.
Speaker 2:And, um, I kept hearing this from our colleagues in primary about the, the jebali magic, and then, if only we could bottle it. And you guys, you got, you got to make sure it carries on. In secondary, and it was our um, our first data sports sports day. So they went down to sports city and they, they did the athletics, and we were getting them to sign up and clare was like come on, guys, make sure you give it a go. And got back to our former room and I was like okay, so who signed up for what? And um, we had this one, chap, shakti. Um, and shack was like I'm doing the 800 meters.
Speaker 2:Sir shakti was not an 800 meter runner, okay, um. So I said to him oh, you know, good for you, though, for signing up. You saw a gap. You'd go for it. Um, just just watch out on the day, though, because you'll you'll probably see some of the kids going off quite, quite fast and you know pace yourself on that first lap. So you've got something left for the second lap. At which point he said there's two laps.
Speaker 2:So I was like yeah yeah, so um dream big yeah it came to the race day and um, shaq didn't pace himself, went out and obviously you had all these these kids zooming off. They're finishing their second lap, just as shaq. He finishes the first and he's stumbling his head's, swaying arms, going everywhere and the um the race. The race coordinator comes out and goes. You know you can stop there if you want.
Speaker 2:He went, I don't know I'm gonna finish, so he kept going and um, there's this, this moment, this kind of magical natural moment where there was only 34 students in the secondary school at that point. They all got up in unison and ran the lap within. Oh lovely, it was amazing. And they're all cheering and waving, shouting and the celebrations. They cross line. We've actually got it on video somewhere. We um someone recorded it at the time and like that was the biggest cheer of the day. He was on the news that evening being interviewed, the kind of local news channel and all those things. Actually, his mum, his mum, emailed him the other day. He's off at university now in the in the US. But it was just one of those moments where you felt like, oh, I'm really part of something here, this is something we've built and it's just a great, great moment.
Speaker 1:Yeah, there are so many memories you look back on. Yeah, that was fantastic. Moving on from that, a question for the next guest. Again, you don't know who it is. It will be in education, some sort of capacity.
Speaker 2:Okay, oof, do I want to give them like a big interview question or something as you like. What one thing would you change about education and why?
Speaker 1:Okay, whoever our next guest is will answer that We'll go from there. Scott Brown, thank you so much for coming on. School Talk, really informative. Probably one of those topics you could keep talking about, and in a few weeks there'll be more information about it.
Speaker 2:Yeah, as I said, it's constantly evolving. We find out more and more, and that's part of the reason why it's so dangerous is we don't know everything about it.
Speaker 1:Yet this has been School Talk. Thank you so much for listening. My name's Chris Shrub, so see you again soon.