
H2Know
๐ง๐ต๐ฒ ๐๐ฎ๐๐ป๐ผ๐: ๐ช๐ต๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฒ ๐ช๐ฎ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ ๐ฆ๐ฐ๐ถ๐ฒ๐ป๐ฐ๐ฒ๐ ๐ ๐ฎ๐ธ๐ฒ ๐ฎ ๐๐ถ๐ด ๐ฆ๐ต๐ผ๐!
Welcome to H2Know! A journey towards ๐ฑ๐ฒ๐ฒ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ป๐ถ๐ป๐ด ๐๐ผ๐๐ฟ ๐๐ป๐ฑ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐๐๐ฎ๐ป๐ฑ๐ถ๐ป๐ด ๐ผ๐ณ ๐๐ฎ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ ๐ฐ๐๐น๐๐๐ฟ๐ฒ๐!
In our very first series, we explore water education from a new lens.. that allows us all to be advocates for this life-giving resource - not through conventional ways, but through ones that ๐ด๐ฟ๐ฎ๐ฏ ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐๐ผ๐ป๐ฒ'๐ ๐ฎ๐๐๐ฒ๐ป๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป!
Then, we find our way into our second series, meeting journalists and storytellers who craft ๐ฝ๐ผ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ณ๐๐น ๐ป๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ฟ๐ฎ๐๐ถ๐๐ฒ๐ about this precious resource.
Next, we explore waterโs global impact on international relations through our ๐ช๐ฎ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ & ๐๐ถ๐ฝ๐น๐ผ๐บ๐ฎ๐ฐ๐ ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ถ๐ฒ๐.
Our next stop? ๐ช๐ฎ๐๐ฒ๐ฟ ๐ ๐๐๐ฒ๐๐บ๐! We'll explore real case studies and discover the secrets of building a museum that brings water's cultural significance to life.
This inspiring journey of the ๐๐ฎ๐๐ป๐ผ๐ is part of the ๐๐ค๐จ๐๐ ๐จ๐ฆ๐ project, which aims to facilitate just and sustainable water futures through Water Museums, Digital Media, and the Arts. This project is supported by the Water and Development Partnership Program at IHE-Delft Institute.
Excited to join the journey? Follow ๐๐ฎ๐๐ป๐ผ๐ Now on your favorite podcast platforms; Buzzsprout, Apple Podcasts, Amazon Music, Spotify, and SoundCloud!
H2Know
Water Diplomacy in the Public Eye
Water doesnโt stop at borders, and neither should the stories we tell about it!
In this episode, we explore how media coverage can influence not just policies but public perception and global cooperation around shared waters.
Featuring real stories from journalists on the ground, this episode reveals why whatโs reported and how it is reported can make all the difference.
๐ง Tune in to discover how journalism is changing the flow of water diplomacy.
Note: The host on this episode is Abebe Yirga
Transcription is available in English and Arabic.
For Arabic swipe down.
- English
Water Diplomacy in the Public Eye
Abebe: Welcome back to the H2Know Podcast! I'm your host, Abebe Yirga, and I'm thrilled to be your guide through this third series focusing on a deeply human perspective of a topic thatโs too often reduced to policies and politics: Water Diplomacy.
Abebe: We often think of water diplomacy as something that happens far away, at high-level meetings or government roundtables.
But for most people, their window into these decisions isnโt a policy brief; itโs a headline.
To unpack these questions, we spoke with journalists across the Nile Basin and beyond who have reported on the intersections of water, power, identity, and politics. Letโs begin with Joy Ify Onyekwere, an esteemed environmental multimedia journalist. Sheโs the publisher of The Development Report and hosts climate-centered programming on Peopleโs 105.5 FM in Abuja. Hereโs Ify.
Joy Ify Onyekwere: Thank you for the privilege to be part of this conversation. When I report water conflicts, I've often noticed that it reshapes how people perceive the issue.
In some communities I engage with, especially rural communities, people see water as just a basic need, not a political or diplomatic issue. Now, this is a challenge. Many people misunderstand what water diplomacy actually means.
Now, when it's reported in the news or we're having a conversation about this for a news story, it's often reduced to an allied conversation between nations or an expert trying to give data. A bulk of the people see it as a conversation for the allies. But water diplomacy is actually much more than that.
It's also about the everyday dialogue between farmers and fishers, between city dwellers and those upstream, and even between government agencies and vulnerable communities. Now, to be honest, for people to really understand what water issues are and become more informed, I personally believe that the news has to be local and relatable. Now, when water stories are too technical and just focused on international policies or even national policies, regular people lose interest, and they feel like it doesn't concern them.
But if we begin to tell the story of how probably a broken ball hole is affecting a nearby school or how, when a woman walks for hours to fetch water under the extreme heat, it could have an effect on her, and something like that, it will be more relatable to them. Now, I say this, break the big stories down to know how they affect people's daily life. Break these water stories to make it relatable.
We use real voices from the community and let the people see themselves in the story. So that way, they are not just listeners, they become active. They see themselves as critical thinkers.
They begin to ask questions and demand change, and also take part in the conversation. Now, one of the stories that I really will not forget in a rush was the 2022 flooding in Lokoja, Nigeria. It really opened my eyes to a different side of water diplomacy.
Now, what drew me in was not just about the flood. It was how it affected girls and women. Now, many of these girls and women were actually stuck in the middle of the flood, and it was quite heartbreaking because at a point some of them were on their periods, and before intervention came, they were not able to take care of themselves at that point.
Now, the striking thing for this was that the cost of the flood was complex. Heavy rainfall and the release of water from a dam in Cameroon, a neighboring country, right, and also the effects of climate change. But what stood out to me was how a decision in another country had such a direct impact on communities in Nigeria.
It made me see how connected we are and how water issues can cross borders. So, it also showed me that diplomacy must include the voices of those who suffer the most because they live with the consequences and almost every day. So, in the end, water diplomacy is a whole lot.
It's a narrative that we need to talk about, and when we begin to talk about this, we can prevent the next water war before it starts.
Abebe: Thank you, Ify, for that insightful and moving reflection. Your words remind us that water diplomacy is not abstract; itโs local, itโs lived, and it demands storytelling that brings policy down to the people.
Your example of the Lokoja floods shows how decisions made far away can affect everyday life, especially for women and marginalized communities. And your call to make water stories relatable is a powerful reminder of the journalistโs role in empowering the public.
Now, letโs hear from Fredrick Mugira, a National Geographic Explorer and one of the leading voices in African environmental journalism. Heโs the founder of Water Journalists Africa and the InfoNile project, both of which are reshaping how water stories are told and shared across the continent.
Frederick Mujira: Yeah, so I've been writing about water conflicts, and I have seen and realized how my stories influence the public perception.
At the beginning, 20 years ago, there were no stories in the media about water. You'd find that these stories are buried deep inside the newspaper, or I mean, there's nothing in the newspaper about water. So, people would see water as just a resource.
They wouldn't link it to identity, to security, to power, you know, to politics. As we continue to write about water, the story came from the tap, not just the water you access from the tap. But rather the whole picture, the story of water is not just the flowing water, but also all issues around it, like identity, like I said, security, power.
So, I see now, as we write about water, people come to understand it, they look at it in a broader perspective. There are several things that people, you know, get wrong about water diplomacy. The first one is when we talk about water diplomacy, they think it is a thing of water diplomats, those people in offices, in courts, and in ties with frogs, behind them, countries negotiating about transboundary water resources.
They forget that they are actually part of this. Water diplomacy can also start at the local level, the local dynamics, the cultural factors, the grassroots movements, all of this.
To become more informed and critical consumers of water-related news, where I believe individuals should actively seek diverse sources of information and consider the broader context of water issues, not looking at water as the water that comes from the tap or the flowing river, you know, but looking at the broader perspective of water issues.
You know, if it is a transboundary resource, what does it mean for all the countries that it passes through? For example, the River Nile, what does this river mean for the people, the culture, the biodiversity, not just looking at the water that flows in this river?
We have done different stories under Water Journalists Africa, specifically under Info Nile, we have done different stories. Since 2017, we have been doing collaborative projects that bring together journalists from different countries in the Nile basin.
One of them, a project that we did that has been winning awards is called Sucked Dry, like, you know, sucking River Nile dry. So we brought different journalists together, almost 10 journalists from the Nile basin. We did a transboundary collaborative project to investigate how foreign investors come to the Nile basin, grab land, and what they do with it, and also what they do with the profits.
And so they investigated foreign investors from different areas, from different countries, from different continents, Europe, the USA, Asia, who come into the Nile basin, grab land. Now, grabbing land does not mean that you forcefully take land, you know. Some of these investors worked with the governments to access land that originally had communities living on it.
So they displaced communities, they grew different crops, for example, flowers in Ethiopia, alfalfa in Sudan and Egypt, and different other crops. Also, the withdrawal of water from the River Nile to irrigate crops, if you withdraw and you don't repress, it means that at one time, you will overwithdraw water from the river, and it could reduce the water of the Nile.
What that means is that the indigenous communities now become enemies of the resources they once protected on the land they once owned. We found out different things, we realized that we need more investigative stories, collaborative stories that would expose such issues to a bigger audience and call for different interventions to come in and help.
Abebe: Thank you, Fredrick. Your work is a powerful reminder that journalism can go beyond raising awareness; it can expose harm, build solidarity, and drive change. Your emphasis on collaboration across countries shows how essential it is to transcend borders when telling the story of shared rivers like the Nile.
Now we turn to Annonciata Byukusenge, a multi-award-winning journalist and communications expert. She is the Managing Editor of The Forefront Magazine and has been InfoNileโs Coordinator. Hereโs her perspective.
Annonciata Byukusenge: Reporting on water conflict has a unique power to shift how people see the world. Water is so fundamental and personal that when stories highlight its sickness or politicization, people respond with both elegance and empathy. I have seen leaders express surprise when they learn that water, something they take for granted, can become a source of attention or even violence.
Others are moved to reflect on the consumption, habit, or support caused by conservation and cooperation. The emotional weight of water stories often leads to more engagement than I see with many other environmental issues. One of the most common misconceptions I account about water diplomacy is the assumption that it is always about countries fighting over rivers.
In reality, diplomacy often unfolds quietly through long-standing negotiations, shared technical committees, and trust-building over decades. People miss the collaboration aspect, the joint monitoring, the streets that hold even through political shifts, the scientific cooperation that bridges national divides.
From many perspectives, individuals can become more informed and critical consumers of water-related news by asking a few key questions: Who are the stakeholders involved? What historical context shapes the current dynamics? Are local voices and indigenous knowledge included in narratives? It also helps to flow journalists or outlets that specialize in environmental or international reporting. Water diplomacy sits at the intersection of science, policy, and culture.
It demands nuance and social reporting. One story that changed the way I saw water diplomacy was a report I did on the Kagira River and Mvumba catchment. Unlike many transboundary water cases that are framed by competition, the countries in the Nile Basin have a long history of cooperation.
I visited a shared resume hydropower phase managed by the Nile Equatorial Exchange Program, which functions on the principle of equitable benefit sharing, not just water allocation. Speaking with engineers, farmers, and diplomats, I saw how trust and independence can turn a potential source of conflict into a tool for regional stability. It challenges many assumptions and reminds me that water can be a unifying force when managed with vision and mutual respect.
Abebe: Thank you, Annonciata. Your message is clear: when journalism centers grassroots leadership, especially from women, it brings dignity and power back to those most affected.
And finally, we hear from Tobias Schmitz, the Editor-in-Chief of The Water Diplomat, a monthly media and intelligence resource on international cooperation in the water sector. Tobias brings extensive expertise in international water cooperation and river basin management. With a Ph.D. focused on water scarcity responses in South Africa and years of hands-on experience shaping water policy across the continent.
Tobias Schmitz: So, why do I think that it's important for water diplomacy to stay in the news even when it's not making headlines? Well, I think in general, water tends to be taken for granted for the economy, at the level of people's daily lives, as well as in the environment. So there is not a single economic activity, whether it's in mining, industry, agriculture, tourism, or other sectors, which do not use water on a daily basis.
So water is absolutely essential to all our economic activity. Even though it's in the background, we do have the expectation that the water is always flowing, that it is of the right quality, and that we can use it to clean, as an input in our processes, etc. The second thing is that at the level of our day-to-day use of water, we depend on water for our personal hygiene.
And in the background, we are protected because 80% of all communicable diseases are communicated through water. And if water is not of sufficient quality, then that leads to the spread of disease. And in fact, it's because of the access to safely managed water that global disease has been brought down to acceptable levels, although there's still a lot to be done in extending this access across the world.
So water is absolutely essential to public health, and in fact, to life itself. And if I take it one level deeper, of course, when we look for life on other planets, the presence of water, and the fact that water is so abundant on Earth is associated with life itself. And of course, we are facing a lot of challenges environmentally across the world.
Biodiversity is declining. We have the climate change emergency. And water is absolutely fundamental to all of these.
And if we look deeper, actually, water is fundamental to all of the Sustainable Development Goals. So it underlies a lot of biodiversity issues, a lot of climate change issues, a lot of our urban issues, a lot of our rural issues. And so water is very, very central to this.
And I think this awareness is important. And therefore, I am committed via the Water Diplomats to make sure that people know about it.
Now, in terms of influencing water negotiation or raising public pressure around negotiations, I'd like to speak about the role of the Water Diplomats in covering the COP 27, which is the negotiations on the United Nations Framework for Climate Change.
COP 27 took place in Egypt. And for many, many years, people have been trying to get simply the word water included in climate negotiations and have failed to do that. Although it is clear that water is the public face, let's say, of climate change, whether it be droughts or floods, we associate that with climate change.
And so it's fairly obvious that water should be included in climate negotiations. And I had the opportunity in 2022 to interview Dr. Iman Suleiman, a representative of the government of Egypt who was preparing COP 27, which was to take place in Sharm el-Sheikh in Egypt. And they took a number of initiatives during the climate negotiations.
They had a dedicated water day, which meant that all the delegates in the climate space were given an agenda in which they had to discuss water issues for an entire day. They had a separate water and adaptation initiative looking at how we can adapt to a changing climate from a water perspective. They also had a water pavilion at COP 27, where there were ongoing discussions on water and climate.
And finally, and most importantly, they simply put water into the negotiating text of COP 27. And since then, it has been accepted. It has been an integral part of the UN climate change negotiations.
And water is actually moving forward very, very fast in that space. So water has now become part of the climate negotiations. And I think the media coverage in general has helped to accelerate that process.
And I hope that the water diplomat has contributed to it in its own way.
So I think there's a lot of hope, there's a lot of forward movement, and there are many organizations working on positive solutions for the future. So this gives me hope to see these large-scale movements, and I try to make sure that we get a lot of attention for that in our magazine.
Abebe: Thank you, Tobias. Your insights remind us that journalism doesnโt just reflect water diplomacy, it actively shapes it.
As we wrap up, one thing is clear: the story of water diplomacy isnโt complete without the storytellers.
From Ifyโs call to make water issues local and human, to Fredrickโs cross-border investigations, to Annonciataโs grassroots empowerment, and Tobiasโ regional lens, we see that how we tell the story matters just as much as the story itself.
Thank you to all our incredible guests for sharing your reflections and your work.
To our listeners, remember, every time you read, watch, or share a water story, you are participating in shaping the future of water diplomacy.
Abebe: Thanks for tuning in to the H2Know podcast, brought to you by SciComm X as part of the AQUAMUSE Project, supported by the IHE Delft Water and Development Partnership Program.
Stay tuned for our next exciting series. Can you guess what water story weโll explore next?
- Arabic
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ูููู ูุฐุง ุงูู ูุถูุน ุจุดูู ุฃุนู ูุ ุชุญุฏุซูุง ู ุน ุตุญูููู ู ู ุญูุถ ุงูููู ูุฎุงุฑุฌูุ ู ู ู ุบุทููุง ูุถุงูุง ุชุชูุงุทุน ูููุง ุงูู ูุงู ูุงูุณูุทุฉ ูุงููููุฉ ูุงูุณูุงุณุฉ. ุฏุนููุง ูุจุฏุฃ ู ุน ุฌูู ุฅููู ุฃูููููููุฑูุ ุตุญููุฉ ุจูุฆูุฉ ุจุงุฑุฒุฉ ู ุชุนุฏุฏุฉ ุงููุณุงุฆุทุ ูู ููุฏููู ุฉ ุจุฑุงู ุฌ ุฅุฐุงุนูุฉ ุญูู ุงูู ูุงุฎ ุนูู ุฅุฐุงุนุฉ Peopleโs 105.5 FM ูู ุฃุจูุฌุง. ุฅูููู ุฅููู!
ุฌูู ุฅููู ุฃูููููููุฑู: ุดูุฑูุง ุนูู ู ูุญู ูุฐู ุงููุฑุตุฉ ููู ุดุงุฑูุฉ ูู ูุฐุง ุงูููุงุด. ุนูุฏู ุง ุฃูุนุฏู ุชูุงุฑูุฑ ุนู ุงููุฒุงุนุงุช ุงูู ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจุงูู ูุงูุ ุฃููุงุญูุธ ุฏุงุฆู ูุง ุฃููุง ุชุบููุฑ ุงูุทุฑููุฉ ุงูุชู ููุธุฑ ุจูุง ุงููุงุณ ุฅูู ูุฐู ุงููุถูุฉ.
ูู ุจุนุถ ุงูู ุฌุชู ุนุงุช ุงูุชู ุฃุนู ู ู ุนูุงุ ุฎุงุตุฉู ุงูู ุฌุชู ุนุงุช ุงูุฑูููุฉุ ููุธุฑ ุงููุงุณ ุฅูู ุงูู ุงุก ุนูู ุฃูู ู ุฌุฑุฏ ู ูุฑูุฏุ ูููุณ ู ุณุฃูุฉ ุณูุงุณูุฉ ุฃู ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ. ููุฐู ุจุญุฏ ุฐุงุชูุง ู ุดููุฉ. ุงููุซูุฑ ู ู ุงููุงุณ ูุณูุฆูู ููู ู ุง ุชุนููู ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู ูุนููุง. ุนูุฏู ุง ูุชู ุชูุงูู ูุฐู ุงูู ูุงุถูุน ูู ุงูุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ุฃู ูู ููุงุด ุตุญููุ ุบุงูุจูุง ู ุง ูุชู ุงุฎุชุฒุงููุง ูู ููุงุด ุจูู ุฏูู ุฃู ุจูุงูุงุช ููุฏู ูุง ุฎุจูุฑ ู ุงุ ููุธู ุบุงูุจูุฉ ุงููุงุณ ุฃู ุงูุญุฏูุซ ูุฏูุฑ ุจูู ุงูุญููู ุงุชุ ูููุณ ูู ุนูุงูุฉ ุจุญูุงุชูู . ููู ุงูุญูููุฉ ุฃู ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู ุฃูุณุน ุจูุซูุฑ ู ู ุฐูู. ุฅููุง ุฃูุถูุง ุญูุงุฑ ููู ู ุจูู ุงูู ุฒุงุฑุนูู ูุงูุตูุงุฏููุ ููุฐูู ุจูู ุณูุงู ุงูู ุฏู ูุฃููุฆู ุงูุฐูู ูุนูุดูู ุนูู ุถูุงู ุงูุฃููุงุฑ ูุงูู ุฌุชู ุนุงุช ุงูู ูู ุดุฉ.
ูููู ูููู ุงููุงุณ ูุถุงูุง ุงูู ูุงู ุจุดูู ุญูููู ููููููุง ุฃูุซุฑ ูุนููุงุ ุฃุคู ู ุดุฎุตููุง ุฃู ุงูุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ูุฌุจ ุฃู ุชููู ู ุญููุฉ ููุฑูุจุฉ ู ู ุงููุงูุน. ุนูุฏู ุง ุชููู ุงููุตุต ุนู ุงูู ูุงู ุชูููุฉ ุฌุฏูุง ุฃู ุชูุฑูููุฒ ููุท ุนูู ุงูุณูุงุณุงุช ุงูุฏูููุฉุ ูููุฏ ุงููุงุณ ุงูุชู ุงู ูู ุ ููุดุนุฑูู ุฃููุง ูุง ุชุนูููู .
ููู ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏุฃูุง ูู ุณุฑุฏ ูุตุต ู
ุซู ุชุฃุซูุฑ ุชุนุทู ุจุฆุฑ ู
ูุงู ุนูู ู
ุฏุฑุณุฉ ูุฑูุจุฉุ ุฃู ููู ุฃู ุงู
ุฑุฃุฉ ุชุถุทุฑ ููู
ุดู ูุณุงุนุงุช ุชุญุช ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงูุดู
ุณ ุงูุดุฏูุฏุฉ ูุฌูุจ ุงูู
ุงุกุ ููุฐุง ูุฌุนู ุงููุตุฉ ุฃูุซุฑ ูุงูุนูุฉ ููุฑุจูุง ููู
. ูุฐููุ ุฃููู: ููููุจุณููุท ุงููุตุต ุงูู
ูุนูููุฏุฉ ูููุธููุฑ ููู ุชูุคุซููุฑ ุนูู ุงูุญูุงุฉ ุงูููู
ูุฉ ูููุงุณ. ุงุฌุนููุง ูุตุต ุงูู
ูุงู ู
ูู
ูุณุฉุ ูุงุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ุฃุตูุงุช ุงููุงุณ ุงูุญููููุฉ ู
ู ุงูู
ุฌุชู
ุนุ ูุฏุนููู
ูุฑูู ุฃููุณูู
ุฏุงุฎู ุงููุตุฉ. ุจูุฐู ุงูุทุฑููุฉุ ูุง ูููููู ู
ุฌุฑุฏ ู
ูุณุชู
ุนููุ ุจู ูุตุจุญูู ูุงุนูููุ ููุฑูู ุฃููุณูู
ูู
ููุฑูู ูุงูุฏูู.
ูุจุฏุคูู ูู ุทุฑุญ ุงูุฃุณุฆูุฉุ ูุงูู
ุทุงูุจุฉ ุจุงูุชุบููุฑุ ูุงูู
ุดุงุฑูุฉ ูู ุงูุญูุงุฑ.
ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู ู ุงููุตุต ุงูุชู ูู ุฃูุณุงูุง ุฃุจุฏูุง ูุงูุช ุงูููุถุงูุงุช ุงูุชู ุถุฑุจุช ู ุฏููุฉ ููููุฌุง ูู ููุฌูุฑูุง ุนุงู 2022. ูุฐู ุงูุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ูุชุญุช ุนููู ุนูู ุฌุงูุจ ู ุฎุชูู ู ู ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู. ู ุง ุฌุฐุจูู ูู ููู ุงูููุถุงูุงุช ุจุญุฏ ุฐุงุชูุงุ ุจู ุชุฃุซูุฑูุง ุนูู ุงููุชูุงุช ูุงููุณุงุกุ ูุงููุซูุฑ ู ููู ูุฌุฏู ุฃููุณูู ู ูุญุงุตูุฑุงุช ูุณุท ุงูู ูุงูุ ููุงู ุงููุถุน ู ุคูู ูุง ููุบุงูุฉุ ุฎุงุตุฉู ุฃู ุจุนุถูู ููู ูู ูุชุฑุฉ ุงูุญูุถุ ููู ูุชู ููู ู ู ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ุจุฃููุณูู ูุจู ูุตูู ุงูู ุณุงุนุฏุงุช.
ุงูุฃู ุฑ ุงููุงูุช ูู ูุฐู ุงูุญุงุฏุซุฉ ุฃู ุณุจุจ ุงูููุถุงู ูุงู ู ูุนูุฏูุง: ุฃู ุทุงุฑ ุบุฒูุฑุฉุ ูุฅุทูุงู ู ูุงู ู ู ุณุฏ ูู ุงููุงู ูุฑููุ ููู ุฏููุฉ ู ุฌุงูุฑุฉุ ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅูู ุชุฃุซูุฑุงุช ุชุบููุฑ ุงูู ูุงุฎ. ููู ู ุง ุฃุซุงุฑ ุงูุชุจุงูู ุญููุง ูู ููู ุฃู ูุฑุงุฑูุง ุงุชูุฎุฐ ูู ุฏููุฉ ุฃุฎุฑูุ ูุงูุช ูู ุชุจุนุงุช ู ูุจุงุดูุฑุฉ ุนูู ู ุฌุชู ุนุงุช ุฏุงุฎู ููุฌูุฑูุง. ูุฐุง ุฌุนููู ุฃูุฏุฑู ู ุฏู ุชุฑุงุจุทูุงุ ูุฃู ูุถุงูุง ุงูู ูุงู ูุง ุชุนุชุฑู ุจุงูุญุฏูุฏ. ูู ุง ุนููู ูู ุฃู ุงูุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ูุฌุจ ุฃู ุชุดู ู ุฃุตูุงุช ู ู ูุนุงููู ุจุดูู ู ุจุงุดุฑ ู ู ุชุจุนุงุช ูุฐู ุงูุณูุงุณุงุชุ ูุฃููู ูุนูุดูู ุขุซุงุฑูุง ูู ููู ุชูุฑูุจูุง.
ูู ุงูููุงูุฉุ ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู ููุณุช ู ุฌุฑุฏ ู ุตุทูุญ ุณูุงุณู. ุฅููุง ูุตุฉ ูุญุชุงุฌ ุฅูู ุฑูุงูุชูุงุ ูุนูุฏู ุง ูุชุญุฏุซ ุนููุงุ ูุฏ ูู ูุน ูุดูุจ ุงูุญุฑุจ ุงููุงุฏู ุฉ ุญูู ุงูู ูุงู ูุจู ุฃู ุชุจุฏุฃ.
ุฃุจูุจู: ุดูุฑูุง ูููุ ุฅูููุ ุนูู ูุฐู ุงูุชุฃู ูุงุช ุงูุนู ููุฉ ูุงูู ูุคุซููุฑุฉ. ุชูุฐูููุฑูุง ููู ุงุชู ุจุฃู ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู ููุณุช ุฃู ุฑูุง ูุธุฑููุง ุฃู ู ุฌุฑุฏูุงุ ุจู ุฅููุง ุชุชุทูุจ ุฑูุงูุฉ ูุตุต ุชููุฑูุจ ุงูุณูุงุณุงุช ู ู ุงููุงุณ.
ููุธููุฑ ู ุซุงูู ุนู ููุถุงูุงุช ููููุฌุง ููู ุฃู ูุฑุงุฑุงุช ุชูุชุฎุฐ ูู ุฃู ุงูู ุจุนูุฏุฉ ูู ูู ุฃู ุชุคุซุฑ ุจุดูู ู ุจุงุดุฑ ุนูู ุงูุญูุงุฉ ุงูููู ูุฉุ ุฎุตูุตูุง ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ูููุณุงุก ูุงูู ุฌุชู ุนุงุช ุงูู ููู ููุดุฉ. ูุฏุนูุชู ูุฌุนู ูุตุต ุงูู ูุงู ุฃูุซุฑ ุงุฑุชุจุงุทูุง ุจุญูุงุฉ ุงููุงุณ ุชุฐููุฑ ููู ุจุงูุฏูุฑ ุงูู ุญูุฑู ููุตุญูููู ูู ุชู ููู ุงูุฌู ููุฑ.
ูุงูุขูุ ุฏุนููุง ูุณุชู ุน ุฅูู ูุฑูุฏุฑูู ู ูุฌูุฑุงุ ู ูุณุชูุดูู ูุงุดูููุงู ุฌููุบุฑุงููู ูุฃุญุฏ ุฃุจุฑุฒ ุงูุฃุตูุงุช ูู ุงูุตุญุงูุฉ ุงูุจูุฆูุฉ ุงูุฅูุฑูููุฉ. ูู ู ุคุณุณ ุดุจูุฉ ุตุญููู ุงูู ูุงู ูู ุฅูุฑูููุงุ ูู ุดุฑูุน "ุฅููู ูุงูู"ุ ูููุงูู ุง ููุบูููุฑ ุทุฑููุฉ ุณุฑุฏ ูู ุดุงุฑูุฉ ูุตุต ุงูู ูุงู ูู ุงููุงุฑุฉ.
ูุฑูุฏุฑูู ู ูุฌูุฑุง: ููุฏ ูุชุจุช ูุซูุฑูุง ุนู ุงููุฒุงุนุงุช ุงูู ุงุฆูุฉุ ููุฏ ูุงุญุธุช ู ุฏู ุชุฃุซูุฑ ุงูุชูุงุฑูุฑ ุงูุตุญููุฉ ุนูู ูุนู ุงููุงุณ.
ูู ุงูุจุฏุงูุฉุ ูุจู ุนุดุฑูู ุนุงู ูุงุ ูู ุชูู ููุงู ูุตุต ุนู ุงูู ูุงู ูู ูุณุงุฆู ุงูุฅุนูุงู . ูุงูุช ูุฐู ุงููุตุต โ ุฅู ูุฌุฏุช โ ู ุฏูููุฉ ูู ุฃุนู ุงู ุงูุตุญูุ ุฃู ุฑุจู ุง ูู ุชูู ู ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุฃุตููุง. ูุงู ุงููุงุณ ูุฑูู ุงูู ูุงู ูู ูุฑุฏ ููุทุ ุฏูู ุฑุจุทูุง ุจุงููููุฉุ ุฃู ุงูุฃู ูุ ุฃู ุงูุณูุทุฉุ ุฃู ุงูุณูุงุณุฉ. ูููู ู ุน ู ุฑูุฑ ุงูููุชุ ูู ุน ุงุณุชู ุฑุงุฑูุง ูู ุงููุชุงุจุฉ ุนู ุงูู ูุงูุ ุชุบููุฑ ุงูู ูููู . ูู ุชุนุฏ ุงููุตุฉ ููุท ุนู ุงูู ูุงู ุงูุชู ุชุตู ุฅูู ุจูุชูุ ุจู ุฃุตุจุญุช ุงููุตุฉ ุนู ุงูุตูุฑุฉ ุงููุงู ูุฉุ ุนู ูู ู ุง ูุญูุท ุจุงูู ูุงู: ุงููููุฉุ ูุงูุฃู ูุ ูุงูุณูุทุฉ. ุงูุขู ุฃูุงุญุธ ุฃู ุงููุงุณ ุจุฏุฃูุง ููุธุฑูู ุฅูู ุงูู ูุงู ุจู ูุธูุฑ ุฃูุณุน.
ููุงู ุงููุซูุฑ ู ู ุงูู ูุงููู ุงูุฎุงุทุฆุฉ ุญูู ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงูุ ุฃูููุง ุฃู ุงูุจุนุถ ูุนุชูุฏ ุฃููุง ุดุฃู ูุฎุต "ุฏุจููู ุงุณูู ุงูู ูุงู" ููุทุ ูุคูุงุก ุงูุฐูู ูุฌูุณูู ูู ุงูู ูุงุชุจุ ููุฑุชุฏูู ุฑุจุทุงุช ุงูุนููุ ููู ุซููู ุงูุฏูู ูู ู ูุงูุถุงุช ุงูู ูุงู ุงูุนุงุจุฑุฉ ููุญุฏูุฏ.
ููููู ููุณูู ุฃููู ุฃููุณูู ุฌุฒุก ู ู ูุฐู ุงูุนู ููุฉ. ุชุจุฏุฃ ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู ุฃูุถูุง ุนูู ุงูู ุณุชูู ุงูู ุญูู: ูู ุงูุซูุงูุงุช ุงูู ุญููุฉุ ูุงูุญุฑูุงุช ุงูุดุนุจูุฉุ ูุงูุนูุงูุงุช ุงูู ุฌุชู ุนูุฉ.
ููู ูุตุจุญ ู ูุณุชู ุนููู ูููุฑููุงุก ุฃูุซุฑ ูุนููุง ูุงูุชูุงุฏูุง ูุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ุงูู ูุงูุ ุฃุนุชูุฏ ุฃู ุนูู ุงูุฃูุฑุงุฏ ุฃู ูุจุญุซูุง ุนู ู ุตุงุฏุฑ ู ุชููุนุฉ ููู ุนููู ุงุชุ ูููุธุฑูุง ูููุถูุฉ ู ู ู ูุธูุฑ ุฃูุณุน. ููุณ ููุท ูู ูุงู ุชุชุฏูู ูู ููุฑุ ุจู ููุถูุฉ ุดุงู ูุฉ ุชุฑุชุจุท ุจุงูุจูุฆุฉุ ูุงููุงุณ.
ุนูู ุณุจูู ุงูู ุซุงูุ ููุฑ ุงููููุ ู ุงุฐุง ูุนูู ูุฐุง ุงูููุฑ ููุดุนูุจ ูุงูุซูุงูุงุช ูุงูุชููุน ุงูุจููููุฌูุ ูุง ููุจุบู ุฃู ูุฑุงู ููุท ูู ุฌุฑู ู ุงุฆูุ ุจู ููุตุฉ ู ุชุนุฏุฏุฉ ุงูุฃุจุนุงุฏ.
ูู ุฅุทุงุฑ ุดุจูุฉ ุตุญููู ุงูู ูุงู ูู ุฅูุฑูููุงุ ูู ู ุฎูุงู ู ุดุฑูุน "ุฅููู ูุงูู"ุ ูู ูุง ุจุฅุนุฏุงุฏ ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู ู ุงููุตุต ู ูุฐ ุนุงู 2017ุ ุญูุซ ููุฐูุง ู ุดุงุฑูุน ุชุนุงูููุฉ ุจูู ุตุญูููู ู ู ู ุฎุชูู ุฏูู ุญูุถ ุงูููู.
ุฃุญุฏ ุงูู ุดุงุฑูุน ุงูุชู ูุงูุช ุฌูุงุฆุฒ ุนุฏูุฏุฉ ูุญู ู ุนููุงู "Sucked Dry" โ ุฃู "ุชู ุงู ุชุตุงุตู ุญุชู ุงูุฌูุงู"ุ ูู ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฅูู ููุฑ ุงูููู. ุฌู ุนูุง ูุญู 10 ุตุญูููู ู ู ุฏูู ุงูุญูุถ ูุชูููุฐ ุชุญููู ุนุงุจุฑ ููุญุฏูุฏุ ูุดููุง ููู ููู ูุฃุชู ู ุณุชุซู ุฑูู ุฃุฌุงูุจ ุฅูู ุงูู ูุทูุฉุ ููุณุชุญูุฐูู ุนูู ุงูุฃุฑุงุถูุ ููุณุชุฎุฏู ูููุง ูู ุตุงูุญูู .
ุงูุงุณุชุญูุงุฐ ููุง ูุง ูุนูู ุฏุงุฆู ูุง ุงูุงุณุชุญูุงุฐ ุจุงูููุฉุ ุจู ูู ูุซูุฑ ู ู ุงูุฃุญูุงู ูุชู ุจุงูุชุนุงูู ู ุน ุงูุญููู ุงุชุ ููููุชุฒูุน ู ู ุงูู ุฌุชู ุนุงุช ุฃุฑุงุถู ูุงูุช ุชุนูุด ุนูููุง ูุณููุงุช ุทูููุฉ. ูุคูุงุก ุงูู ุณุชุซู ุฑูู ูุฒุฑุนูู ุฃููุงุนูุง ู ุฎุชููุฉ ู ู ุงูู ุญุงุตููุ ูุงูุฒููุฑ ูู ุฅุซููุจูุงุ ูุงูุจุฑุณูู ูู ุงูุณูุฏุงู ูู ุตุฑ. ูู ุง ุฃููู ูุณุญุจูู ูู ูุงุช ูุจูุฑุฉ ู ู ู ูุงู ุงูููู ูุฑู ู ุญุงุตูููู ุ ููุฐุง ูุคุฏู ู ุน ุงูููุช ุฅูู ุณุญุจ ู ูุฑุท ู ู ู ูุงู ุงูููุฑุ ููุคุซุฑ ุณูุจูุง ุนูู ุชููุฑ ุงูู ูุงู. ููู ุงูููุงูุฉุ ูุตุจุญ ุงูุณูุงู ุงูุฃุตูููู ููุฃููู ุฃุนุฏุงุก ููู ูุงุฑุฏ ุงูุชู ูุงููุง ูุญู ูููุง ููู ูุง ู ุง.
ู ู ุฎูุงู ูุฐู ุงูุชุญูููุงุชุ ุฃุฏุฑููุง ุฃููุง ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅูู ุงูู ุฒูุฏ ู ู ุงููุตุต ุงูุงุณุชูุตุงุฆูุฉุ ูุงูู ุดุงุฑูุน ุงูุชุนุงูููุฉุ ุงูุชู ุชูุดู ูุฐู ุงููุถุงูุง ูุฌู ููุฑ ุฃูุณุนุ ูุชุฏุนู ุฅูู ุชุฏุฎูุงุช ุนุงุฌูุฉ ูู ุนุงูุฌุชูุง.
ุฃุจูุจู: ุดูุฑูุง ููุ ูุฑูุฏุฑูู. ูุฐููุฑูุง ุนู ูู ุจููุฉ ุงูุตุญุงูุฉ ูู ุชุฌุงูุฒ ูุฏู ุงูุชูุนูุฉุ ูุชูุตุจูุญ ุฃุฏุงุฉ ููุดู ุงูุฃุถุฑุงุฑุ ูุจูุงุก ุงูุชุถุงู ูุ ูุฏูุน ุนุฌูุฉ ุงูุชุบููุฑ.
ููุธููุฑ ููุง ุชุฑููุฒู ุนูู ุงูุชุนุงูู ุจูู ุงูุฏูู ู ุฏู ุฃูู ูุฉ ุชุฌุงูุฒ ุงูุญุฏูุฏ ุนูุฏ ุงูุญุฏูุซ ุนู ููุฑ ู ุดุชุฑูุ ู ุซู ููุฑ ุงูููู.
ูุงูุขูุ ููุชูู ุฅูู ุฃูููุณููุงุชุง ุจููููุณููุฌูุ ุตุญููุฉ ุญุงุฆุฒุฉ ุนูู ุนุฏุฉ ุฌูุงุฆุฒ ูุฎุจูุฑุฉ ูู ู ุฌุงู ุงูุชูุงุตูุ ุชุดุบู ู ูุตุจ ุฑุฆูุณุฉ ุชุญุฑูุฑ ู ุฌูุฉ The Forefrontุ ูู ููุณูููุฉ ู ุดุฑูุน InfoNile. ุฅูููู ุฑุคูุชูุง!
ุฃูููุณููุงุชุง ุจููููุณููุฌู: ุชู ุชูู ุชุบุทูุฉ ุงููุฒุงุนุงุช ุงูู ุงุฆูุฉ ูุฏุฑุฉ ูุฑูุฏุฉ ุนูู ุชุบููุฑ ูุธุฑุฉ ุงููุงุณ ููุนุงูู . ูุงูู ุงุก ุฃุณุงุณู ูู ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงูุญูุงุฉ ูุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุฃู ุงููุตุต ุงูุชู ุชูุธูุฑ "ู ุฑุถู" ุชูุญุฑููู ุงููุงุณ ุจู ุฒูุฌ ู ู ุงูุฑููู ูุงูุชุนุงุทู.
ููุฏ ุดุงูุฏุช ูุงุฏุฉ ูุชูุงุฌุคูู ุญูู ููุชุดููู ุฃู ุงูู
ุงุกุ ุงูุฐู ูุนุชุจุฑููู ุฃู
ุฑูุง ู
ูุฑูุบูุง ู
ููุ ูู
ูู ุฃู ูููู ู
ุตุฏุฑูุง ููุตุฑุงุน ุฃู ุญุชู ุงูุนูู. ูู ุงูู
ูุงุจูุ ูุชุฃุซุฑ ุขุฎุฑูู ููุฏูุนูู
ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ููุชูููุฑ ูู ุงุณุชููุงููู
ูุนุงุฏุงุชูู
ุ ููู ููู
ุฉ ุงูุชุนุงูู ูุงูุญูุงุธ ุนูู ุงูู
ูุงู.
ุชุญู
ู ุงููุตุต ุงูู
ุงุฆูุฉ ุซูููุง ุนุงุทูููุง ูุฏูุน ุงูุฌู
ููุฑ ููุชูุงุนู ุจุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุฃูุจุฑ ู
ู ูุถุงูุง ุจูุฆูุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู.
ู ู ุฃูุซุฑ ุงูู ูุงููู ุงูุฎุงุทุฆุฉ ุงูุชู ุฃูุงุฌููุง ุนู ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู ูู ุงูุงุนุชูุงุฏ ุจุฃููุง ุตุฑุงุน ุฏุงุฆู ุจูู ุงูุฏูู ุนูู ุงูุฃููุงุฑ.
ูู ุงูุญูููุฉุ ุงูุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุบุงูุจูุง ู ุง ุชุชุฌููู ูู ุฃุดูุงู ูุงุฏุฆุฉ: ู ูุงูุถุงุช ุทูููุฉ ุงูุฃู ุฏุ ูุฌุงู ูููุฉ ู ุดุชุฑูุฉุ ูุจูุงุก ุซูุฉ ูู ุชุฏ ูุนููุฏ. ูุซูุฑูู ูุง ูุฑูู ุฌุงูุจ ุงูุชุนุงูู ุงูู ุดุชุฑูุ ูุงูุนูุงูุงุช ุงูุชู ุชุณุชู ุฑ ุฑุบู ุงูุชุญููุงุช ุงูุณูุงุณูุฉุ ูุงูุชุนุงูู ุงูุนูู ู ุงูุฐู ูุชุฌุงูุฒ ุงูุญุฏูุฏ.
ูู ูู ูุฃู ุดุฎุต ุฃู ููุตุจุญ ุฃูุซุฑ ูุนููุง ุนูุฏ ุงุณุชููุงู ุฃุฎุจุงุฑ ุงูู ูุงู ุจุทุฑุญ ุฃุณุฆูุฉ ุจุณูุทุฉ: ู ู ูู ุฃุตุญุงุจ ุงูู ุตูุญุฉุ ู ุง ุงูุณูุงู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎู ููุตุฑุงุน ุฃู ุงูุชุนุงููุ ููู ูุชู ุชุถู ูู ุงูุฃุตูุงุช ุงูู ุญููุฉ ูู ุงูุณุฑุฏุ
ู ู ุงูู ููุฏ ุฃูุถูุง ู ุชุงุจุนุฉ ุตุญูููู ูู ูุตุงุช ู ุชุฎุตุตุฉ ูู ุงูุตุญุงูุฉ ุงูุจูุฆูุฉ ุฃู ุงูุนูุงูุงุช ุงูุฏูููุฉ. ุชูุน ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู ุนูุฏ ุชูุงุทุน ุงูุนูู ุ ูุงูุณูุงุณุงุชุ ูุงูุซูุงูุฉุ ูุชุชุทูุจ ููู ูุง ุฏููููุง ูุชุบุทูุฉ ุงุฌุชู ุงุนูุฉ ุนู ููุฉ.
ู ู ุฃูุซุฑ ุงููุตุต ุงูุชู ุบููุฑุช ุฑุคูุชู ููุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ุงุฆูุฉ ูุงู ุชูุฑูุฑูุง ุฃุนุฏุฏุชู ุนู ููุฑ ูุงุฌูุฑุง ูู ูุทูุฉ ููุฑ ูุงุฌูุฑุง ุจุนูุณ ุงููุซูุฑ ู ู ุงููุตุต ุงูุชู ุชูุฑูู ู ู ู ูุธูุฑ ุงูุชูุงูุณุ ููุงู ุชุงุฑูุฎ ุทููู ู ู ุงูุชุนุงูู ุจูู ุงูุฏูู ูู ุญูุถ ุงูููู.
ุฒุฑุช ู ุญุทุฉ ุทุงูุฉ ููุฑูู ุงุฆูุฉ ู ุดุชุฑูุฉ ุชูุฏุงุฑ ุถู ู ุจุฑูุงู ุฌ ุงูุชุจุงุฏู ุงูุงุณุชูุงุฆู ูููููุ ููู ุชุนู ู ุจู ุจุฏุฃ ุชูุงุณู ุงูููุงุฆุฏ ุงูุนุงุฏูุฉุ ูููุณ ู ุฌุฑุฏ ุชูุงุณู ุงูู ูุงู.
ุชุญุฏุซุช ุฅูู ู ููุฏุณููุ ูู ุฒุงุฑุนููุ ูุฏุจููู ุงุณูููุ ูุดุงูุฏุช ููู ูู ูู ููุซูุฉ ูุงูุงุณุชููุงููุฉ ุฃู ุชุญููู ุงูู ูุงู ู ู ู ุตุฏุฑ ุฎูุงู ุฅูู ุฃุฏุงุฉ ููุงุณุชูุฑุงุฑ ุงูุฅูููู ู. ูุฐู ุงูุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุชุญุฏูุช ุงููุซูุฑ ู ู ุงูุงูุชุฑุงุถุงุชุ ูุฐููุฑุชูู ุฃู ุงูู ุงุก ูุฏ ูููู ููุฉ ู ูุญููุฏุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุฃูุฏูุฑ ุจุฑุคูุฉ ูุงุญุชุฑุงู ู ุชุจุงุฏู.
ุฃุจูุจู: ุดูุฑูุง ูููุ ุฃูููุณููุงุชุง. ุฑุณุงูุชู ูุงุถุญุฉ: ุนูุฏู ุง ุชูุฑููุฒ ุงูุตุญุงูุฉ ุนูู ุงูููุงุฏุฉ ุงูู ุญููุฉุ ูุฅููุง ุชูุนูุฏ ุงููุฑุงู ุฉ ูุงูููุฉ ูุฃููุฆู ุงูุฃูุซุฑ ุชุถุฑุฑูุง.
ูุงูุขูุ ูุฎุชู ู ุน ุชูุจูุงุฒ ุดู ูุชุฒุ ุฑุฆูุณ ุชุญุฑูุฑ ู ุฌูุฉ The Water Diplomatุ ู ูุตุฉ ุดูุฑูุฉ ู ุชุฎุตุตุฉ ูู ุงูุชุนุงูู ุงูุฏููู ูู ูุทุงุน ุงูู ูุงู. ูู ุชูู ุชูุจูุงุฒ ุฎุจุฑุฉ ูุงุณุนุฉ ูู ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุฃุญูุงุถ ุงูุฃููุงุฑุ ู ุน ุฏูุชูุฑุงู ุญูู ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุงุช ููุต ุงูู ูุงู ูู ุฌููุจ ุฅูุฑูููุงุ ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅูู ุณููุงุช ู ู ุงูุนู ู ูู ุตูุงุบุฉ ุงูุณูุงุณุงุช ุงูู ุงุฆูุฉ ูู ุงููุงุฑุฉ ุงูุฅูุฑูููุฉ.
ุชูุจูุงุฒ ุดู
ูุชุฒ: ูู
ุงุฐุง ุฃุนุชูุฏ ุฃู ู
ู ุงูู
ูู
ุฃู ุชุธู ุฏุจููู
ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู
ูุงู ูู ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ุงูุถูุก ุญุชู ุนูุฏู
ุง ูุง ุชููู ูู ุงูุนูุงููู ุงูุฑุฆูุณูุฉุ
ุจุจุณุงุทุฉุ ูุฃู ุงููุงุณ ุนุงุฏุฉ ู
ุง ูุนุชุจุฑูู ุงูู
ูุงู ุฃู
ุฑูุง ู
ูุฑูุบูุง ู
ููุ ุณูุงุก ูู ุงูุงูุชุตุงุฏุ ุฃู ูู ุญูุงุชูู
ุงูููู
ูุฉุ ุฃู ุญุชู ูู ูุถุงูุง ุงูุจูุฆุฉ.
ูุง ููุฌุฏ ูุดุงุท ุงูุชุตุงุฏู ูุงุญุฏุ ุณูุงุก ุงูุชุนุฏููุ ุฃู ุงูุตูุงุนุฉุ ุฃู ุงูุฒุฑุงุนุฉุ ุฃู ุงูุณูุงุญุฉุ ูุง ูุนุชู ุฏ ุนูู ุงูู ูุงู ููู ููุง.
ูุชููุน ุฏุงุฆู ูุง ุฃู ุงูู ูุงู ุชุชุฏููุ ูุจุงูุฌูุฏุฉ ุงูู ูุงุณุจุฉุ ูููู ูููุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู ูุง ูู ูู ุดูุฆุ ุนูู ู ุณุชูู ุญูุงุชูุง ุงูููู ูุฉุ ูุนุชู ุฏ ุนูู ุงูู ูุงู ููุธุงูุชูุง ุงูุดุฎุตูุฉ. ููู ูุฐููุ ุชุญู ููุง ู ู ุงูุฃู ุฑุงุถุ ุฅุฐ ุฅู 80% ู ู ุงูุฃู ุฑุงุถ ุงูู ูุนุฏููุฉ ุชูููู ุนุจุฑ ุงูู ูุงู. ูุงููุตูู ุฅูู ู ูุงู ุขู ูุฉ ูู ู ุง ุณุงุนุฏ ุนูู ุชูููู ุงูุฃู ุฑุงุถ ุนุงูู ููุง. ูุฐุงุ ูุงูู ุงุก ุถุฑูุฑู ููุตุญุฉ ุงูุนุงู ุฉุ ูููุญูุงุฉ ููุณูุง.
ูุนูู ู ุณุชูู ุฃุนู ูุ ุญูู ูุจุญุซ ุนู ุงูุญูุงุฉ ูู ุงูููุงูุจ ุงูุฃุฎุฑูุ ูุฅููุง ูุจุฏุฃ ุจุงูุจุญุซ ุนู ุงูู ุงุกุ ูููุฑุฉ ุงูู ูุงู ุนูู ูููุจ ุงูุฃุฑุถ ู ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจุงูุญูุงุฉ ุฐุงุชูุง.
ููุงุฌู ุงูููู ุชุญุฏูุงุช ุจูุฆูุฉ ูุงุฆูุฉุ ู ุซู ุชุฏููุฑ ุงูุชููุน ุงูุจููููุฌูุ ูุฃุฒู ุฉ ุชุบููุฑ ุงูู ูุงุฎุ ูุงูู ุงุก ูู ููุจ ูุฐู ุงููุถุงูุง. ูู ุงููุงูุนุ ุงูู ุงุก ุนูุตุฑ ุฃุณุงุณู ูู ุฌู ูุน ุฃูุฏุงู ุงูุชูู ูุฉ ุงูู ุณุชุฏุงู ุฉ. ุฅูู ู ุญูุฑ ูุถุงูุง ุงูู ูุงุฎุ ูุงูุญูุงุฉ ุงูุญุถุฑูุฉุ ูุงูุฑููุ ูุงูุจูุฆุฉุ ูุฃูุซุฑ ู ู ุฐูู.
ูููุง ูุฃุชู ุฏูุฑ ุงูุชูุนูุฉุ ูู ู ููุง ุฌุงุก ุงูุชุฒุงู ู ู ู ุฎูุงู ู ุฌูุฉ The Water Diplomat ุจุถู ุงู ุจูุงุก ูุฐู ุงููุถุงูุง ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ูู ุงูููุงุด ุงูุนุงู .
ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ูุฏูุฑ ุงูุตุญุงูุฉ ูู ุงูุชุฃุซูุฑ ุนูู ุงูู ูุงูุถุงุช ุงูู ุงุฆูุฉุ ุฃุฐูุฑ ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุชุบุทูุชูุง ูู ุคุชู ุฑ ุงูุฃุทุฑุงู COP27 ูู ุดุฑู ุงูุดูุฎ.
ูุณููุงุช ุทูููุฉุ ุญุงูู ูุซูุฑูู ุฅุฏุฑุงุฌ "ุงูู ุงุก" ุถู ู ูุตูุต ู ูุงูุถุงุช ุงูู ูุงุฎุ ููู ุฏูู ุฌุฏููุ ุฑุบู ุฃู ุงูุฌูุงู ูุงูููุถุงูุงุชุ ููู ุฃุจุฑุฒ ุธูุงูุฑ ุชุบูุฑ ุงูู ูุงุฎุ ูููุง ู ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจุงูู ูุงู.
ููู ูู COP27ุ ุฃูุฏุฑุฌุช ุงูู ูุงู ุฃุฎูุฑูุง ูู ุงููุตูุต ุงูุชูุงูุถูุฉ. ูุงู ููุงู ููู ู ุฎุตุต ุจุงููุงู ู ููุถุงูุง ุงูู ูุงูุ ูู ุจุงุฏุฑุงุช ููุชูููู ุงูู ูุงุฎู ู ู ู ูุธูุฑ ู ุงุฆูุ ูุฌูุงุญ ุฎุงุต ุจุงูู ูุงู ุถู ู ุงูู ุคุชู ุฑ. ุฃุนุชูุฏ ุฃู ุงูุชุบุทูุฉ ุงูุฅุนูุงู ูุฉ ุณุงุนุฏุช ูู ูุฐุง ุงูุชุญูู ุจุดูู ูุจูุฑ. ุขู ู ุฃู ู ุฌูุฉ The Water Diplomat ุณุงูู ุช ุจุฏูุฑูุง ูู ูุฐุง ุงูุฅูุฌุงุฒ.
ููุงู ุงููุซูุฑ ู ู ุงูุฃู ูุ ูุญุฑูุงุช ูุจูุฑุฉ ุชุนู ู ูุฅูุฌุงุฏ ุญูููุ ูุฃูุง ุจุฏูุฑู ุฃุญุฑุต ุนูู ุชุณููุท ุงูุถูุก ุนูููุง ุจุงุณุชู ุฑุงุฑ.
ุฃุจูุจู: ุดูุฑูุง ููุ ุชูุจูุงุฒ. ุชูุฐูููุฑูุง ุฑุคูุชู ุฃู ุงูุตุญุงูุฉ ูุง ุชูุชูู ุจุชูุซูู ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงูุ ุจู ุชูุณุงููู ูุนูููุง ูู ุชุดููููุง.
ููุง ูุญู ูุตู ุฅูู ุฎุชุงู ูุฐู ุงูุญููุฉ ู ุน ุฃู ุฑ ุฑุฆูุณู ุฃุตุจุญ ูุงุถุญูุง: ูุง ูู ูู ุฃู ูุฑูู ูุตุต ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู ุฏูู ุฃู ููุณููุท ุงูุถูุก ุนูู ู ู ูุฑูููุง.
ู ู ุฏุนูุฉ ุฅููู ูุฌุนู ูุถุงูุง ุงูู ูุงู ุฅูุณุงููุฉุ ุฅูู ุชุญูููุงุช ูุฑูุฏุฑูู ุงูุนุงุจุฑุฉ ููุญุฏูุฏุ ุฅูู ุชู ููู ุงูู ุฌุชู ุนุงุช ุงูู ุญููุฉ ู ุน ุฃูููุณููุงุชุงุ ุซู ุฑุคูุฉ ุชูุจูุงุฒ ุงูุดุงู ูุฉุ ููุฏุฑูู ุฃู ุทุฑููุฉ ุณุฑุฏ ุงููุตุฉ ูุง ุชูู ุฃูู ูุฉ ุนู ุงููุตุฉ ููุณูุง.
ุดูุฑูุง ูุถููููุง ุงูุฑุงุฆุนูู ุนูู ู ุดุงุฑูุชูู ูุชุฌุงุฑุจูู ูุฃููุงุฑูู .
ูููู ุฃูุชู ุ ู ุณุชู ุนููุง ุงูุฃุนุฒุงุกุ ุชุฐูููุฑูุง ุฃู ูู ูู ู ุฑุฉ ุชูุฑุฃูู ุฃู ุชุดุงูุฏูู ุฃู ุชูุดุงุฑูููู ูุตุฉ ุนู ุงูู ูุงูุ ูุชูุณุงููู ูู ูู ุฑุณู ู ุณุชูุจู ุฏุจููู ุงุณูุฉ ุงูู ูุงู.
ุฃุจูุจู: ุฃุจูุจู:
ุดูุฑูุง ูุงุณุชู
ุงุนูู
ุฅูู ุจูุฏูุงุณุช H2Knowุ ุงูุฐู ุชูุฏู
ู SciComm Xุ ูุฌุฒุก ู
ู ู
ุดุฑูุน AQUAMUSEุ ุงูู
ู
ูู ู
ู ุจุฑูุงู
ุฌ ุดุฑุงูุฉ ุงูู
ูุงู ูุงูุชูู
ูุฉ ูู IHE ุฏูููุช.
ุฅุฐุง ุฃุซุงุฑุช ูุฐู ุงูุญููุฉ ูุฏูู ููุฑุฉ ุฃู ุณุคุงู ุฌุฏูุฏุ ุดุงุฑูููุง ุฅูุงู ุนูู ูุณุงุฆู ุงูุชูุงุตู ุงูุงุฌุชู ุงุนูุ ูุงูุชุธุฑููุง ูู ุณูุณูุฉ ุฌุฏูุฏุฉ ูู ุซูุฑุฉ!
ูู ุชุณุชุทูุนูู ุชุฎู ูู ุงูู ูุงุถูุน ุงููุงุฏู ุฉ ุงูุชู ุณูุณุชูุดููุง ุณููุงุ