ONE Health Live
Examining the issues of importance to animals, humans and the environment to help those across the food production system better understand the issues from a science-based perspective.
ONE Health Live
How ASEAN trade pressure is rewriting animal health policy
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One Health sounds simple until you try to run it across 11 countries, multiple ministries, and a food system that feeds a huge share of the planet. We sit down with Pushpanathan Sundram (Nathan), CEO of PublicPolicyAsia Advisors and former ASEAN deputy secretary general, to unpack why Asia’s One Health challenge has shifted from awareness to governance, financing, and real implementation. When half of humanity lives in the region and Asia dominates global aquaculture and livestock numbers, weak prevention and weak coordination don’t stay local for long.
In this episode, we explore what ASEAN can and cannot do as a consensus-based intergovernmental organization, and why frameworks and guidelines only matter when countries fund them, set measurable targets, and connect the dots across health, agriculture, and the environment. Nathan breaks down the AMR reality: many national action plans exist, but too often they are siloed, under-costed, and light on accountability. We also dig into outbreak lessons from avian influenza and African swine fever, how disease pressure can drive routine antibiotic use, and why smallholder-heavy production makes surveillance, veterinary services, and biosecurity harder but even more necessary.
Trade brings a sharp edge to the conversation. Tightening food safety standards in key markets can turn One Health into “trade survival”, pushing faster action on antimicrobial stewardship, lab capacity, and prevention. We also look at food security and urbanization, shifting protein demand, and the role of culture and religion, including the fast-growing halal market where trust and hygiene shape consumer choices.
If you care about One Health, AMR, animal health policy, and resilient food systems in ASEAN and the Asia Pacific, this is a practical roadmap for what to fund and how to partner. Hosts of ONE Health Live are Sarah Muirhead of Feedstuffs and Dennis Erpelding of Global Farm View. Subscribe, share this episode with a colleague, and leave a review with one idea you want governments and industry to implement next.
Welcome And Guest Introduction
SPEAKER_01Welcome to One Health Live, where we examine the topics of importance to animals, humans, and the environment to help those across the food production system better understand the issues from a science-based perspective. We strive to be thought-provoking and fact-based in our efforts to bring you the latest news and information. I'm Sarah Muirhead, and with me today is One Health Live co-host Dennis Urpling, founder of Global Farmview. Dennis, why don't you take the honors and introduce our guest here today?
SPEAKER_02Sarah, thanks and delighted to be with you today as and have the opportunity to have a discussion with our special guest, Kushpinathan Sundram. Called by friends is Nathan. He's the Chief Executive Officer of Public Policy Advisors. Nathan's a statesman, diplomat, and a scholar, having served as a deputy secretary general of ASEAN, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. He served in the Ministry of Defense for Singapore and more recently actually got a PhD, graduate degree in public policy from the School of Public Policy, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. Nathan consults in agriculture, animal health, and economic areas in ASEAN, Greater Asia Pacific, and globally. So Nathan, welcome. We're delighted to have you join us today.
SPEAKER_00Thank you, Dennis and Sarah. It's a pleasure to join your
One Health Becomes A Governance Test
SPEAKER_00One Health Live. Just uh wanted to mention at the start that my central argument today is going to be very simple. One Health is no longer just an awareness issue, but it's in Asia it's it's a challenge uh in terms of governance and implementation. So we'll talk about it more, yes.
SPEAKER_02Nathan, I think that really leads to our first question. Um as we look at Asia as a very dynamic area. Uh, can you provide maybe a highlight to overview of the Asia Pacific, uh, specifically ASEAN? As you think about food, think about production, economic impact, trade, and sustainability, just a high-level um overview of the ASEAN area.
SPEAKER_00Dennis, I would
Asia’s Scale In People And Livestock
SPEAKER_00say when you look at Asia, we need to look at scale because scale matters. Now, let me just give you some uh facts here. East Asia and the Pacific, there's 2.39 billion people. And if you add on South Asia, that's uh 1.68 billion. So roughly half of humanity lives in Asia. Now, Asia also accounts for about 90% of uh global aquaculture production and about 40% of the world's cattle, pigs, and poultry population. So uh you can see why Asia is going to be very important for one health. Now, specifically for ASEAN, uh agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sector is valued around $355 billion USD, which uh employs about 28% of the workforce, which is uh nearly about 95 million people. Uh, and if you look at the total merchandise trade in this part of the region for ASEAN, it's about 3.5 million uh trillion in 2024. Now, interestingly, the food sector is one of the major sectors uh is and is projected to grow about 7% through 2029. So I think here when you look at this overall uh perspective, uh sustainability becomes a very important issue, and especially for looking at uh, you know, let's say aquaculture or livestock. So healthier animals will need less feed, less water, and produce less waste and lower emissions. So uh that's why I think one health is so important uh for Asia.
SPEAKER_01Nathan, many here of ASEAN,
What ASEAN Can Influence
SPEAKER_01the regional intergovernmental organization. Uh, help us understand its role and the areas of engagement and impact.
SPEAKER_00Uh thank you, Sarah. I think you are right. I mean, ASEAN is different from, say, the European Union in the sense that it's an intergovernmental organization, as you mentioned. So uh ASEAN has a population of about 680 million people in a combined GDP, around $3 trillion. And recently, last uh October, we admitted Timo Leste as the 11th member of ASEAN. So it's quite a big uh uh coming together of 11 countries. Now ASEAN is different from the EU because ASEAN works on consensus, so it doesn't have uh legislative uh legislation or impose binding rules on its members. So its strength is actually norm setting, policy setting, and policy harmonization. So countries are expected to uh come out with their own national policies based on what uh ASEAN has uh kind of said. So mostly it's about frameworks. So there is on the food side, there's a food security framework. Uh, there's several guidelines on uh antimicrobial use in agriculture, livestock, a framework for veterinary medicine, and so on. So countries are encouraged to use that to come up with their own uh policies and legislation. Now, in fact, uh one of the areas uh is actually national action plans. They actually uh many of the countries adopt ASEAN guidelines when they when they develop their national action plans. So ASEAN also has formal engagement with the quadrupied uh partite as one health uh as part of one health implementation. So uh so these are some of the key things that uh the organization is made up of. But I think another important aspect is ASEAN is also about trade because uh this particular region is a trading region. So the biggest trading partner is actually China. So it's uh the trade is around $420 billion. Now, US is also a significant player because US
Trade Standards Drive One Health Action
SPEAKER_00exports about nearly $4 billion uh in terms of uh processed food uh to Southeast Asia, and EU is a major importer of ASEAN seafood and agricultural commodities. So, with the situation in the US and EU in terms of tightening food safety standards as conditions of market, as especially EU, um ASEAN countries see the importance of one health more because they see it as a matter of trade survival. So if you look at Thailand or Vietnam, you can see that they're taking a lot of uh interest and effort in terms of uh making sure they work on reducing antimicrobial resistant targets, uh, looking at surveillance and so on, so that uh they will have a better trade deal with uh especially the European Union.
SPEAKER_01Today we're touching on one health. How does ASEAN engage and influence in the areas of animal disease, food security, and trade? I know you mentioned trade a little bit. Is there anything more you can highlight there for us?
SPEAKER_00So on the One Health side, ASEAN has a one health uh network actually established. And as I mentioned, that all the member states have now an AMR action plan, which is based on ASEAN guidelines, actually. So I would say that's a real progress. Uh but in terms of uh implementation or governance structure, they all operate, most of them operate as uh silos. I mean, there's the Ministry of the Health Agency, the agriculture, and the environment agency. Sometimes they operate in silos. So they're not integrated. Now, interestingly, I would say about three ASEAN countries out of the 11 have a more integrated surveillance plan uh that links human, animal, and environmental data. I would say I would mention here Singapore, for example, is has an integrated uh system, Thailand is also has one. So it's not all the countries now, even so uh when it comes to costing for the AMR action plans, uh not all countries have uh defined budgets and targets, actually. So I would see as unfunded plans as uh not delivering any outcome. So that's one of the biggest problems we have. I would say only about half the ASEAN countries have costed AMR action plan. Also, on the uh outbreak side, the outbreak response is basically national, it's not regional. So at the regional level, um they have warning systems, but they're very underdeveloped, right? So, in a sense, I think the regional system is not capable enough to assist countries in terms of managing outbreaks, actually, or pre you know, uh signaling,
AMR Plans Meet Funding And Silo Gaps
SPEAKER_00you know, there is certain developments and that you need to take action. That that early warning system is not fully developed. So that are some of the problems that the region faces on one health. I think the main most important part I would say is the the gaps in governance and also the gaps in funding and implementation.
SPEAKER_02So, Nathan, as we think the Asia area and as you've kind of referenced, we've had some of the animal diseases, whether it be avian influenza, um African swine fever, um, foot and mouth disease. What learnings can we share as we reflect on the role of governments, institutions, and the private sectors, noting, like you said, some funding and maybe structural issues. What observations would you have there?
SPEAKER_00Yeah, okay, let's uh let's look at the avian influenza. I would say, I mean, I mean globally, I mean, we had so many outbreaks, I think about 2,000 HPAI outbreaks over across 60 over countries, I think, in 2025-2026, and about lost about 140 billion uh poultry. Now, H5N1 and H5N6 persist in Asia. And basically, the outbreak uh pressures drive routine antibiotic use. That is the main issue we're facing. So there's a direct link to AMR because they're unable to handle uh these outbreaks. The tendency is farmers to use uh antibiotics as a way, and and most of these farms are small farms. Smallholder farms make about 80% of all the farms in uh in Asia itself. So that is a problem because there's no proper control, enforcement, surveillance, right? Except in those countries that are looking seriously at the exports like Thailand and uh and increasingly Vietnam. Now then we have the uh African swine fever, as I think we all know, uh Asia lost more than 200 million pigs. I mean, Vietnam was one of the big ones. Uh so now they are repopulating the population. Um there is still no commercial vaccine. There are a lot of vaccines out there, but not, I won't say there's any viable commercial vaccine yet that Asia is using. So prevention is everything. And uh most of the smallholders, they do they wouldn't have the budget or finance to actually look at prevention like animal husbandry and um hygiene and so on. So the biosecurity control is not there. Then we have also in this region uh FMD and the posine, respiratory, and reproductive syndrome. That's endemic actually, because of the low biosecurity systems that we have. So I think the my takeaway is actually we need stronger action from the governments, and this cannot be just done by the governments. I think the industry, the veterinary institutions uh should be part of any solution, right? Because the system is so fragmented, uh, disease continue to spread, and there need to be proper financing and proper coordination among the various agencies if you want to see progress.
SPEAKER_01Yeah, cooperation is always key. Um Asia has a growing
Outbreak Lessons From HPAI And ASF
SPEAKER_01population overall. How does how does one look at food security from a production and a consumption perspective?
SPEAKER_00Right. I think I've mentioned, I think Dennis also has uh mentioned this, over 60% of humanity is in one region, right? So there's uh so I won't say there's one single story. Asia is so diverse, even ASEAN 11 countries are so diverse. So I would say it's several very different uh stories uh together. Now, China and Japan, as you know, aging population, uh shrinking population, and growing dependence on food imports, actually. Um, so that's one story there. Then we have India, Indonesia, uh, Philippines, and Vietnam growing and urbanizing population. So by 2030, 55% of Asia's population will be urban, actually. So that's quite uh a challenge, actually. So urbanization also drives protein transition. So more demand for meat, dairy, and processed food, uh putting pressure on the uh supply chain. And the supply chain, as you know, is fragmented, so the vulnerability is always there. So countries like Vietnam, for example, I mean, Vietnam is not known to consume dairy as much, but if you go to Vietnam now, there are more and more consumption of dairy because of the urbanization and higher income uh middle income uh group. Now, on the production side, as I mentioned earlier, mostly small producers uh and they lack access to veterinary services, quality uh inputs and markets. So the problem persists in this part of the world. I mean, even though um the production is there, but because of the capacity, um so these countries are still uh undernourished now. If you look at Asia Pacific as a whole, in 2021, I have a figure of about 396 million people were uh undernourished in uh in uh Asia Pacific. Uh and over 1 billion people face moderate to severe food insecurity. This FAO data actually. So uh even though the region is growing, they still have to manage this food insecurity issue in this part of the world. So I think the uh issue is basically how to produce more safely, sustainability, and with within a more resilient supply chain. So this is why I think one health is so indispensable to this part of the world. So we have a lot of issues in this part of the world, and we need to really look at it in a systematic way in terms of tackling them, and also take into account that we have diverse uh population or diverse stories among the various uh groups of countries in this part of the world.
SPEAKER_02Nathan, you've really kind of touched on this as we think about that population in Asia. You know, India and China both have over 1.4 billion people. Then we think of the other countries with major populations, Indonesia, 288 million decks say, Pakistan, 259 million, Bangladesh, 179, Japan, 122, Philippines, you have 118, Vietnam at 102. So over that 60% that you've mentioned globally, you've noted the population, some are growing, some are shrinking. You've also noted the count in the past about how many are small farmers, but also you have the aging population. So, how do as you put all those things together? What does that really mean as we think about domestic production versus trade? How do you look at that might affect both imports and exports as we look at domestic production capabilities and the need for trade?
SPEAKER_00So the interesting part of uh Southeast Asia is the domestic production doesn't go into exports in most of the countries, like Indonesia is a big country, but exports very little actually. In fact, on the livestock side, uh no exports actually. So it's more mostly imports. But for countries like Thailand and Vietnam, uh on the aquaculture side, poultry, swine, uh they're doing more and more exports. So that drives them actually to
Food Security Under Urban Growth
SPEAKER_00really seriously look at one health, antimicrobial reduction targets, and so on. So uh that's why one of the um the theory I have is that when it becomes a trade issue, when uh one health becomes a trade issue, then you can see more compliance from many of the countries in Southeast Asia. So uh, like for example, uh Vietnam, uh sorry, I mean Thailand has reduced uh antibiotic use by about 65% through their national action plan. That's actually a very significant uh reduction in the in the antimicrobial use. And how they need it is to focus more on animal husbandry, biosecurity, and so on. Because they see a value in that, because as you know, uh Thailand is the kitchen of the world basically. So that's that's one of the reasons why uh it's working. So Vietnam is following the same because they want to do more export, especially in poultry to Japan and the EU and so on. So they're also following the Vietnam model. In fact, they have put out some figures saying that they have uh now reduced antibiotic use use for uh in their farms by about 66% or so. But I need to verify those figures. Uh, but they still lack things like you know capacity uh in terms of their lab and surveillance and so on. So I think domestic production in in Southeast Asia and ASEAN is more for domestic consumption, so it's somewhat less stringent actually when it comes to looking at uh the various issues, but when it comes to export, then it's a totally different picture.
SPEAKER_01So, Nathan, Asia has many cultures and religion. How does uh that impact how one looks at uh consumers?
SPEAKER_00Yeah, I think this is an area that is not given much attention, I would say, because Asia is not one market, so it's composed of overlapping markets, I would say shaped by religion, culture, and income. Right? If you look at uh Indonesia, I think uh Dennis mentioned this the population of Indonesia is around 231 million Muslims. Then you have a big pocket of Muslim countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, Malaysia. Uh so that is one group actually. So the Asia-Pacific halal food here, I need to mention this that uh it grew, it was about 1.35 trillion in 2025, and it's expected to see $3 trillion by 2035, which is which is around 9% growth uh rate. So a disease event in the halal industry uh of say poultry or meat supply chain carries both not only public health but also a trust dimension. So um so for exporters is so important because there's increasingly trust in halal food because they see it also as hygienic. Um it looks at other aspects like antimicrobial
Domestic Markets Versus Export Discipline
SPEAKER_00resistance and so on. So more and more people, even the the non-Muslims are buying halal food because of that dimension, the trust dimension. So if anything happens in terms of uh say contamination on halal products, I think it has a big impact on this part of the region. So I think religion is one aspect. Now, if you look at other countries like uh China and Korea, they're more Buddhist. So, and China, for example, is a pork-eating country, same like Vietnam. So uh so it's a bit different from say the Muslim countries and India, which is more and Indonesia, which is more poultry consumption. So I would say the market is segmented by you know race, religion, uh religion, culture, and income. So the practical lesson I would say when someone is looking at Southeast Asia or even Asia, the front and center uh in terms of food design, uh, food systems, and consumer communication will take will have to take on board all these considerations so that you know you as an exporter can actually uh get access to the markets.
SPEAKER_01Let's circle back to One Health. What do you see as the biggest challenge for the Asia Pacific area?
SPEAKER_00Um, I think the main challenge for me is uh not just awareness, yeah, but it's also the governance and the implementation part. As I mentioned, most almost all ASEAN countries have national action plans on AMR. But because of the fragmented coordination or institutions, insufficient financing, lack of accountability, uh many of the action plans never get implemented fully. So what I see most of them implementing is some awareness activities and then stops there. It doesn't really go into looking at surveillance, building the capacity, uh, building uh good labs in terms of doing testing and so on. So there is a lot of gaps. Uh so that's one big area I would say, but I must also qualify that you know this doesn't mean that the whole of Asia is fragmented, like Japan, uh South Korea, and Singapore has a more mature uh system, I would say, in terms of effective uh stewardship for AMR. China is what we call as uh China, which monitors about I think about 50,000 bacterial isolates, and India has a similar institution that has about 100,000 isolates. But implementation is uh uneven even in those countries because when it goes down from the central to the provinces and states, uh the implementation implementation is much weaker. So that's one of the I would say the main area. So as I mentioned just now, Thailand has shown it it is able to reduce
Culture Religion And Halal Trust
SPEAKER_00around 60 60.5 percent in terms of antimicrobial reduction. I I have figures for Vietnam also about 66% lower antimicrobial use, uh, 40% lower mortality, and so on. So I think uh there needs to be greater involvement of the industry, I would say, in here, because industry is investing about $10 billion annually in RD and has helped to train about 64, 64,000 professionals globally. I think. So I think industry, I would say, has a role in terms of helping to build the capacity of countries in this part of the world so that the latest innovations can get into the market. Sometimes the latest innovations don't get into the market because regulators don't understand the product or the science behind it. So that's where I think um a lot of help is needed from the industry, I would say.
SPEAKER_02So, Nathan, you've just touched as we think about the One Health people talk about capacity and capability, specifically in your veterinary and laboratory, laboratory infrastructure. You've touched on some of the actions, but if I'm hearing listening to you right, it's really going to come down to collaborative effort between governments and private sector property to make it happen. Do you see specific actions or mechanisms of trying to facilitate that in countries now?
SPEAKER_00Um, so I would say generally, I think most countries have uh basically accepted that they will have to work with other stakeholders. Government alone cannot do this. And the examples of Thailand and Vietnam show that, I mean, if you look at Thailand and Vietnam, they have uh more uh effective engagement with the industry. I mean, even the local industry as well as the multinational companies. So that's where things uh work, I would say. But there are some practical advice I can I mean share here in terms of how uh national governments and the other stakeholders can work together. So um so one is to come up with evidence. I mean, say, for example, for industry peer review data, case studies, not just marketing materials. Sometimes industry goes into engagement with the governments, and governments see this as more like marketing their products rather than coming up with uh data and case studies to show that why this particular innovation or you know system is so important. Um, so the other second one I would say is framing engagement around national policy objectives. So for a bureaucrat, I think that is so important. I mean, so if you go, if the industry wants to engage them, then they would like to know, you know, so how are you going to support my policy objectives? Right, so that is one. And then instead of just the third point I want to make is in instead of just going in and saying that you know you need to improve your surveillance data, training programs, lab capacity, if the industry can help to co-host or co-invest in some of these um uh activity like surveillance data or training programs, or even uh test methods, lab capacity, I think this will build trust
Capacity Labs And Uneven Implementation
SPEAKER_00between the industry and and and the government. And I think industry also will need to work with uh various channels, you know, like veterinary association, academic institutions, not just regulatory agencies. So the tendencies for industry to just approach regulatory agencies, but sometimes there are other stakeholders you need to really align with, like the veterinary associations, right? So, and of course, working in the Southeast Asia, I would say patience is so important, so you cannot get things done overnight. So there's a policy cycle, so you need to, it takes time for uh any effort to work. So the patience part is so important.
SPEAKER_01So so Nathan, we often talk about collaboration and roles for government and the private sector. Your your thoughts on how best to engage. How should we go about that?
SPEAKER_00I think, I think, you know, I mean, uh, as I mentioned just now, I think industry will have to work closely with governments. I mean, uh, don't see governments as just uh trying to block any market access, but actually sometimes you need to provide those kinds of information, uh not just marketing materials, but more about science behind it and case studies in other countries, how it has really helped. You need to really look at how your product or your innovation fit into the overall national objective. So governments are very uh you know conservative, I would say. They will not look at any innovation unless they have all the information and they are very concerned about the health uh consequences. So I think we need to really address that. Um, so working with ASEAN will be it's one way. I mean, you can actually, I think I would say it's a two-track kind of uh engagement. At the ASEAN level, you can engage the ASEAN institutions, uh like the One Health Network, uh, the ASEAN ministers of agriculture and forestry, and so on. But more importantly, I would think at the national level, you also need to engage them. So you can't engage at the ASEAN level and then forget the national level. You need two-tier kind of engagement at the country level too, because the countries are the ones implementing the policies and regulations and so on. So uh if industry can take a two-tier kind of approach, then I think it will be more successful. More successful, yeah.
SPEAKER_02So, Nathan, as I listen to that, um, one point that I did not mention at the front of our opening is the fact that you're actually an author. Um, your first book was called The Transformative ASEAN, an insider's reflection. And obviously, full disclosure, I've read the book. I think it's an awesome book on that one. But can you share your ideas
How Industry And Government Build Trust
SPEAKER_02on how one can learn more in depth about ASEAN and maybe even your reference your book that talks about it in the process.
SPEAKER_00Well, so why I wrote this particular book, I mean, I've spent 16 years in ASEAN, so I've kind of worked in I think almost all aspects of ASEAN work from I was initially a political officer. I worked on the political side in ASEAN and then external relations, then economic. Uh, and then after that, I mean I I had the front seat, I would say, as a deputy secretary general, because I could see from my own eyes and how actually at the highest level regional cooperation works. So you will see a lot of formal communiques from ASEAN, documents from ASEAN, but the actual negotiation is a bit totally different. How countries come together, they compromise, and where there is breakthrough. Uh so I wanted to capture this in a book because I've seen a lot of literature out there saying looking at ASEAN as one single entity, that means it's a one single block and they they are so unified in all decisions. It's not the case actually. There are so much of divisions when it comes to making uh taking a position. So uh, and as I mentioned, ASEAN is not an organization like the EU, uh, which has uh you know legislative enforcement authority, ASEAN doesn't have any of those, so it moves differently and it it's based on consensus building. So there is a tendency, I think, especially in the West, to misread ASEAN signals and misjudge the timeline. So that's one of the main reasons I wrote the book because uh for you to understand how ASEAN takes, you need to understand how it operates and the organization, the institutions, how they work together. So uh that's why I wrote that particular book to dispel the myth, I would say, that ASEAN is such a solid single entity deciding on anything like a single uh unified entity. So, and on top of that, I I did I also wrote another book called Advocacy That Works, actually, to talk about for H this is more for industry leaders and how you know how basically can you influence policy in Asia, right? Because it's gonna be very different, like unlike the EU, where you uh where you have lobbies in Southeast Asia, if you say you are a lobbyist, then it's actually uh very uh, you know, people will avoid you, I guess. So, how do you really engage governments and institutions? So Advocacy Thatworks was uh the book that I wrote, and I have even about probably about five or six uh case studies actually in that book covering ASEAN and Asian countries. So both are available on the publisher's website.
SPEAKER_01Nathan, any closing thoughts, calls for action related to governments or industry as we look at one health?
SPEAKER_00Yeah, I I would say Asia is the opportunity and the responsibility to, I mean, there's opportunity to really work on one health, but they have a responsibility because of the scale, as mentioned, right? I mean, they will
Books Advocacy And Closing Message
SPEAKER_00have to take the lead in the next phase of global one health. Because the stakes are high, actually. If you look at AMR alone, uh about 1.27 million deaths globally in 2019, I think. Uh, and it is more than HIV AIDS or malaria that yeah. So, based on projections, I mean, I'm not sure how good these projections are. I've seen projections uh that AMR will cause about 39 million deaths between 2025 to 2050, and South Asia alone will uh will be about 11.8 million of these deaths. So it's quite an alarming figure, actually. So the stakes are high. So I would say for the government they should stop treating One Health as a strategy document exercise. Now that's what I see sometimes, you know, like it's it's an exercise. So every country is having it, so I need to have it. So but I think this we should move towards funding, measurable targets, accountability, building integrated surveillance, uh, prioritizing prevention. I think this is uh something OHA is talking about a lot. Prevention before outbreak. I think that's an important area to really look at. Now, for the industry, is bring evidence to the table, just not marketing, you know, align with national objectives. And then you need to co-invest in system capacity, training veterinarians and so on. That will really, really help to build trust. So industry can be seen not as a problem but as a solution. So my closing message is very simple. I would say healthy animals, healthy people, a healthy environment, as all we know, will lead to resilient Asia. And these goals are not separate. I would say these are the same goals that we should pursue together. So that's that's probably what I like to sum up uh my kind of chat with uh both of you today, that um we need to really work together on this particular One Health
Subscribe And Final Thanks
SPEAKER_00strategy.
SPEAKER_01Our thanks to Nathan Sundrum, Chief Executive Officer of Public Policy Asia Advisors, for the excellent insight. As noted, One Health is important as we looked at some of the most challenging issues of today. Don't miss the One Health Live podcast. Subscribe to this podcast on your favorite podcast channel. Thank you for listening.