When Does Discipline Begin?

Parents often wonder when it’s appropriate to start disciplining a child. In this episode, we talk about the earliest age discipline becomes effective, what discipline should look like at different stages, and how to guide children with both wisdom and love.

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Transcript

SPEAKER_02 0:00

Hello everyone and welcome to Famology. We're John and Amy Clausen, and we're delighted to answer your questions about family, marriage, and parenting. And uh we kind of missed last week. Yeah. So we're a little tardy, so I'm sorry about that. Uh a few things happening in our life. The most monumental being uh that my father, uh Don Clausen, passed away last week. So um we're mourning the loss of him. Yeah. Um uh although we're also rejoicing in his legacy and uh and knowing that he is someplace right now where he is probably not missing us. You know, I mean he uh he has he lived a wonderful life. Um I had a wonderful father, and uh I I was telling Amy the other day, I don't think I ever really took that for granted. I probably did uh at moments in my life, but um certainly lately, um never did take that for granted. So um, so it was a life well lived, and uh his legacy lives on. Um and this is a five famology podcast, and my dad was all about family and and actually established the foundation of family. In fact, it was said about him that he would actually father a family movement, and so I think we're just part of that.

SPEAKER_04 1:16

Yeah.

SPEAKER_02 1:17

So that's delightful. And uh we have GoFam Ministries, and and in no small way, um, that was part of him and his legacy. So so as we release this podcast and we go on in ministry, um, even in politics and some of the things the Lord is calling us into, um, it's all because of him, all because of Jesus, but it's all because of my father too, and what he stewarded for us. So um, so I just want to honor him in this podcast and um and just say thank you to all of you who supported us over this last couple weeks. Yeah. And uh forgive us for missing last podcast, but we're up and running now, and we want to make sure that we honor him with continuing to move forward in ministering to families because that's what he was all about.

SPEAKER_04 1:58

So yeah. My if you if you ever ask any questions on this podcast, how to handle um in-laws that are tricky, I'm gonna have no personal experience with that because my father-in-law was one of the kindest man men you'll ever meet in your life.

SPEAKER_03 2:18

Yeah.

SPEAKER_04 2:18

And he just was genuinely funny and kind and gentle and compassionate. And um I have I have stories stewarded in my heart of how he uh changed my life and the words that he spoke over me just as his daughter-in-law, and yeah, yogi and papa, what treasures. So when you think about yoges, she's on the his pot, we call them pot yogi and papa bears. It's uh it's a long family story, but yogi and papa bear were inseparable for years and years and years and years and years and decades and decades. And so Papa's on the glorious end of being in the presence of Jesus, and and yogi is on the I miss you, Papa end. Yeah, but knowing knowing the good God that she serves and all the hope that's before her. But yes. Anyway, it has been quite a couple of weeks.

SPEAKER_02 3:12

So and then on top of that, so we're doing a memorial service for him on Monday, March Is it the 16th, yes, uh, 11 o'clock at Bethel's Rock Church in Farmington, Minnesota. Did I do that right?

SPEAKER_03 3:26

Yes, you did. Emailed that.

SPEAKER_02 3:27

So if if you know Papa and you're connected to us or our family, uh, we certainly invite you to do that and lunch afterwards. So uh come celebrate his life with us.

SPEAKER_04 3:36

Yeah, yeah. A life worth celebrating.

SPEAKER_02 3:39

For sure.

SPEAKER_04 3:40

And this week, our uh two teenagers, so our two youngest kids, Silas and Sadie, had the beautiful opportunity to go on a missions trip with a youth group from our church. And boy, the reports that are coming in, the Lord is moving and they're excitedly being used of the Lord. Sadie said yesterday she they were doing some food distribution and she had the honor of praying over 15 plus people uh just and some in Spanish and helping translate both of them. Just it's just a neat opportunity for them. Um, and then so our daughter and her husband, who are youth pastors at our church, are also on the trip. And then my our son-in-a-son-in-law is a youth pastor at church, and they're all on the trip. So our house now is just our daughter, Lydia, who is very pregnant with our next grandchild, and Nova, who's 18 months, and Milo, who's 20 months. We are holding down the Ford at home. And so we've got a we are in submerged in Toddlerville at our house.

SPEAKER_02 4:43

I turned to Amy and I said, you know, taking care of little kids is like riding a bike, and she said, It is. And I said, No. Actually, I don't think it is.

SPEAKER_04 4:51

And they're a little bit like twins because they're just exactly the same age, which it it's it's so funny and so cute, and then it adds a little dynamic to it. This morning, it was so funny because just the word no was just coming fast and furious from both mouths, you know, just like setting the boundaries for the other one, you know, exactly where you can towards each other. Yeah, yeah, they were it wasn't for me, it was just each other.

SPEAKER_02 5:15

So anyway, and they leave this trail of debris, like like a like a tornado that comes through your house, yeah, and it's nothing wrong or bad, it's just that you can tell exactly where they've been.

SPEAKER_04 5:26

Yeah, and we remember, you know, we do remember. Yeah, so we've been we've swept our floor more in the last yeah two days, or haven't gotten to sweep it every step, it's just crunching more, really.

SPEAKER_02 5:37

Yeah, so we're we're gonna be fine.

SPEAKER_04 5:39

Yeah, it's just it's a delight.

SPEAKER_02 5:41

It is delightful.

SPEAKER_04 5:42

They're they're so much fun.

SPEAKER_02 5:43

So, speaking of younger children, yeah, that's our question for the day.

SPEAKER_04 5:47

All right.

SPEAKER_02 5:47

So the short question is what is the earliest age to discipline a child? And let me just read a little bit of the longer question. Parents often wonder when it's appropriate to start disciplining a child. In this episode, we'll talk about the earliest age discipline becomes effective and what discipline should look like at different stages, and how to guide children with both wisdom and love. That's actually a much bigger question.

SPEAKER_04 6:08

That is a wow, you have to put that in the middle because we'll tackle the first one, I think.

SPEAKER_02 6:12

What is the earliest age to discipline a child? Yeah. And um, I think I'm gonna do more listening than speaking as I as I as I introduce my wife to answer this question. Amy?

SPEAKER_04 6:23

So as soon as a child can understand the word no, you have to begin teaching them what happens when you say no and then they do it again. And when you've got a, you know, little little kids, even before they're one year of age, they can go towards an outlet and you say no to them. And if you let them then to go touch the outlet, no loses its meaning for your kiddo because you you didn't actually set up a boundary, you just let them proceed and you just gave a verbal something that meant nothing to them. And so, in order for your little ones to learn um what no means and the value of that word from you, it's very important that whenever you choose to use that word and you say no, that you redirect the little ones so that they cannot do the thing again because you want them to know that that's a boundary, that that is something that you will not allow them to do. And as you establish that boundary, that means that every time they walk towards the outlet, you say no and you redirect them. And you just you are consistent in doing that because teaching your kiddos the value of the word no is very important.

SPEAKER_02 7:39

And I think in our society too, there's a there's a push for unparenting, and it drives me crazy, as you know, uh, because we're parents and we're supposed to be powerful and we're supposed to, you know, really inject our lives into their lives so that we can steer and guide and direct them. That's what we do. Yeah, and so there's this there's this trend, and you'll see it online to try to minimize how often we say no. Yeah, and uh, and it kind of makes me want to gag a little bit, you know what I mean? And it's really about us, it's about it's about trying to bring more comfort to us because we get tired of saying no. Yeah, and so let's just try to remove no from the human language so that the kids aren't always feeling like there's negativity.

SPEAKER_04 8:19

Yeah, and I I agree that we don't want to devalue no in a parent's life, however, with an asterisk to that, I think that we need to use that word no only when we truly mean no, because sometimes it means that's not convenient for a mom. You know what I mean? We use the word no, can I do this or can I right now do that? And because it's not convenient for us, we say no, and then they they ask or push the boundary a little bit, and we just cave because we realize, hey, I guess it really doesn't matter.

SPEAKER_02 8:53

And I think I think the better question often or or the better comment is is that we want we want to make our no's and our yeses more equal. And I think that's okay because they're still learning boundaries. So they're they're they're checking things out, and so they're they're you know, they're going here and we're like, that's a no, that's a yes. Yeah, that's a no, that's yes, and that's because they're trying to figure out their world because they're little kids. Yeah, and so they need us to do that. And so if we just eliminate no's, well, then guess what? When they're older, they also eliminate no's, and that becomes a bigger problem. Yeah, um, and not a bigger problem, but it becomes more of a prevalent problem and becomes part of their cultural lifestyle of living outside of boundaries, and that's not good for them. No, um, and so so no, that's good. Um but so so the issue is that we're the ones that form those places, and so so yes, we have to. What do you mean by places? Well, they're their boundaries that where that's that's one of that word to that that safe place to live, the the place where there's health and there's wholeness, that's called a boundary, yeah, and that's what we provide for them. And so there is going to have to be times when we say no because that we don't want them to live there, uh it's because we love them, that's why. Yeah, and so no isn't a big ugly word, and so I just want to empower our listeners that no is okay because you have to have a home that operates with some assemblance of order and peace and absence of chaos. Yeah, there's gonna be some chaos. We've experienced that as we, yeah. But you know what I mean? But that's okay, there's there's grace for that, but it's it's it's our job to establish the boundaries.

SPEAKER_04 10:22

Yes. Good. Good. I I was just gonna finish what I was uh saying about I totally agree, and I know you're wanting to hit the value of no. I just I just want to make the equal point that say no when you mean no.

SPEAKER_03 10:41

Yes.

SPEAKER_04 10:42

And if you if you say no, then you have to follow through with your no. If you mean it's not convenient, then just take a second to think about it before you say no. That's good. That's just all I, you know, because I as a a mom of 29 years, there's been so many times that I think to myself, after why did I just like knee-jerk, react, and say no when really I just needed to take two seconds and think about it and go past my own convenience and realize, hey, whatever's happening here is not that big of a deal. Maybe it's okay for the mud puddle to be jumped in. You know what I mean? And I do actually have time to clean them up afterwards, and it doesn't have to be a no today. And so when you say it, you just have to follow through.

unknown 11:23

Yeah.

SPEAKER_04 11:23

And and really mean it. And so when you've got little tiny children and you're trying to establish that boundary, uh, if you said have said no, then then there's a follow-through that's expected. And if it's a a little one, like you've got a one-year-old, and they're you know, I've had much experience with this this week, you know, tossing food off the high chair and you say no to them, but continue to let them throw food off the high chair, that's confusing because no has to be a boundary word. And if you're using at a as a flexible, like, hey, I don't really want you to do that kind of word, your kids are learning what no means to you. And you're teaching them in the flexibility of that boundary what no means. And so if you want your no to mean no, then if your child starts throwing food off the high chair, then they need to be either taken out of the high chair and then you can put them back in, you know, three minutes later and say, okay, we're gonna try it again. You may not throw food off your high chair, and if they do again, then you can remove them, but you have to um set the boundary line where no is said. It does that make sense.

SPEAKER_02 12:31

So, what would you say to somebody who responds to that and says, Well, what's the big deal? Like, you know, so either what's the big deal that they throw food off the high chair, or what's the big deal that you said no and they did it anyway? Yeah, they're just little kids. How would you respond to that?

SPEAKER_04 12:44

You can decide that you don't care about picking up food off the hot floor. I mean, as a family, you get to decide that. Um, I uh I was just using that as a random boundary. So if it's not a big deal to you, you don't need to say no about it. If it's a safety issue or if it's an obedience issue, then I would just ask you to reconsider. Throwing food off the high chair is an example of childish behavior that you can you can train. And it actually helps them and you in the long run to train childishness. But if you have a child who is going to hurt someone else with because they're kids and they do those things, and they're approaching someone and you say the word no, and no is an ambiguous word to them, and you have not established that boundary, you're gonna say no, and it's gonna be fluid. And so, what matters if you if they stop before or after they hit with the thing? You know, and so that's where it matters. Those boundaries, realizing that the word no is a stopping word, not a flexible word, is very important.

SPEAKER_02 13:46

So, to be clear, if they're on the high chair and you've said no to throwing food and they look you right in the face and do it anyway, yeah, that needs to be disciplined disciplined and addressed as a parent. Yes. Uh, because that's that you crossed a boundary, that's not just childish behavior anymore. No, right? So that's I'm just trying to clarify.

SPEAKER_04 14:03

Yeah, yeah, yeah. And so, but if you've never said no and you're letting them throw it off, that's I mean, live it up, kid. You know what I mean? They're gonna, they'll be messy. And you, as parents, we get to choose where those boundaries lie for our kids. And for me, I when we started having a family, our firstborn had some severe health complications. And we spent a lot of time in and out of the hospital, hospital, sometimes in crisis mode, a lot of times in crisis mode. And and so for me, I had to really simplify parenting because we had kids fairly close together, you know, all two years or younger uh under. And um, and so I needed parenting to be simple for me because if I had to think through, okay, do is this sometime that I would spank a child for this? Do I not spank a child? How do, you know, trying to figure out like how I handle every situation was too confusing. And so for us, the boundaries were if they've disobeyed mom or dad, that would be something we would give our kiddos once, uh, we called them reminders on the behinders. And and if they would hurt somebody else, themselves or somebody else, that would be something that we would give them a reminder on the behinder. Anything outside of that, we would just distract, curtail, you know, redirect all the other things that you do. And so, um, but the first thing and the most the priority thing is to establish the value of the word no, and that that actually means something and it's a boundary that cannot be crossed. And that can start being established when they are 10 months old and you are, you know, redirecting them so that every time they do something, when it's a no situation at 10 months of age, that they get redirected and moved away and not allowed to do that thing again. So they begin to understand the connection that no has a valuable meaning in their life and it's something they don't cross.

SPEAKER_02 15:57

So just address to address the issue of spanking, um, because people are probably gonna ask, do we at FAMology, yeah, uh, do we support spanking? Yeah, and the answer is yes. And the reason there's a there's a very good reason for that. It's because how do you communicate a boundary to a one or two-year-old or two-year-old, let's just say, let's use a two-year-old as an example. Yeah, okay. So we can try to reason with them, we can try to say, oh, you crossed a boundary. You know, so good luck. And so a lot of other parenting styles, and certainly the anti-spanking movement, would say, just don't deal with that. Wait until they're old enough to be reasoned with. Yeah. Well, the problem with that is by the time they're old enough to be reasoned with, um, they have already blown up boundaries. There just isn't any. And so to try to reel that back in and then try to put boundaries around kids at a certain age, whatever age that would be, the age of reason. Yeah, when is that? Yeah. I'm I'm 56. I still don't know if I'm there yet. The age of reason. Um, but but but here's the deal, and then this is just the phrase that's come to me is there needs to be a consciousness of boundaries. And I believe a consciousness of boundaries can happen at a very young age because they know that that the whole world, they don't have access to the whole world because the whole world can is harmful. And so we as good parents put boundaries around kids. And here's the deal: I still have consciousness of boundaries, speaking of my father. Yeah, you know, I mean, we're we're honoring my dad in this podcast, but my parents raised me in a consciousness of boundaries so that when I got even older, started dating, started doing work, started taking care of other people. Um, when those things happened, that consciousness of boundaries was always there. And I still have it, I still have it within my marriage, I still have it how I parent my children. There's still boundaries around me that I'm conscious of that I believe started when I was two years old. Yeah, maybe even younger, um, because my parents cared enough about me to say, this is what's healthy and this is what's good for you. Yeah, and so there may be a temptation to say, Oh, I can just wait, or we'll deal with this down the road. Yeah, I won't make a big issue of the I won't make a big issue of throwing the food off the high chair now because that's just not that big a deal. Later on, when they're they become bigger deals, we'll deal with it then.

SPEAKER_04 18:02

When they're and when it's a bigger deal, it's a really bigger deal.

SPEAKER_02 18:05

And and they have no value for it. So you have to instill value, consciousness, and their behavior, all those things you have to take care of later. Yeah, and so uh a spanking done in love, not with anger or with malice or trying to hurt, um, those are just it's a physical signal that they've crossed a boundary and then they know that they've gone too far. Yeah, so that next time we hope that things would change a little bit differently, but they may need to be parented again. Yeah, but that's the beauty of it. Yeah, and I think I think you have to, if anybody tells you otherwise, you have to ask them what about a two-year-old?

SPEAKER_01 18:36

Yeah.

SPEAKER_02 18:36

Because most of the time they're gonna go, yeah, we just wait for later. Yeah. And I just don't think that has that works, and historically it doesn't work, and sociologically it doesn't work.

SPEAKER_04 18:47

Yeah. And the effort that you put in when your kids are under the age of five, where you're where it's just you're continually re-establishing the boundaries with them. The effort that you put in those years, you are gonna reap the benefits the rest, and they will reap those benefits the rest of their lives. And it's an intense, it's an intense time of parenting where it just feels very continual because they're just figuring out their world and how they function in it. It is completely normal for our kids to want to figure out where their boundaries are and to want to cross them. So it, I mean, don't feel like your kids uniquely broken because they're you know, because sometimes we take it personally as a parent, they're just trying to figure out where they are safe to live. And but those the efforts that you put in there, you're gonna reap the benefit for in the teen years, guys. I'm telling you, I've loved raising our teenagers, it has been delightful 90% of the time because of the investment into their character and those boundaries when they're younger. There's new stuff to deal with in teens, but it wasn't those things like you have to obey mom. That had been established when they were three. They learned that they need to obey mom. So when they're 15, and as a homeschool mom, I'm saying, here's your algebra lesson. I wasn't dealing with them obeying at that level. There's other stretching parts of teen years that are there to negate navigate, but not the stuff that was taught when they were young that didn't have to be revisited.

SPEAKER_02 20:15

So we have a hot tub. The hot tub's gonna come up very frequently in this podcast, it just is because it's my happy place, and you know, a lot of the Lord speaks to me in the hot tub. Anyway, I was in there with Milo the other day. Yes, and and we have a control panel on the hot tub that is kind of the one boundary on the hot tub because if he starts pushing buttons, the all the heater thing gets all messed up. And so that's that's been the one thing. They kind of have access to the full hot tub, they can do whatever they want to with all the other dials, but that one I usually say no to. Um, so the other day he was in the hot tub yesterday, actually, and he had his little pudgy finger and he went toward the panel and he stopped two inches and then looked at me. Yeah, oh cute, it was very cute, and I said, No, I just I didn't even, it was even it wasn't bad. Like, nope, that's a no. Yes. He took his hand back and went back and played. But he was just checking to see if it was still there. That's so cute. And I love that because it already was established in him. So I do want to answer this question very specifically, or have you answer this question very specifically. So, what is the earliest age that you would quote unquote discipline a child? Um, because Milo's already getting it. Yeah, you know, I mean discipline and also getting the boundaries. He's also he's he has consciousness of a boundary, which I think is super cool. Um, but practically speaking, for a new parent, like when would you say that time is generally speaking?

SPEAKER_04 21:30

Yeah, as soon as they as soon as they begin understanding, and I think that we have to redefine discipline because it's disciple. We're we're discipling our our children. That's what we do. And so if you have uh an eight month old crawler and they are heading over to, I mean, outlets are the earliest thing that's kind of a serious boundary for kids, you know, and you begin to say no, you're not gonna let them continue going. So you disciple your kids, you're disciplining your kids by redirection. And I but I feel like what they're maybe asking is at what age do you would you physically discipline your child? Or is that what your assumption is?

SPEAKER_02 22:09

I think so. You know, so let's just say spanking is is a legitimate option. And people people think, okay, that's there's gonna be some issues that pop up that may require a spank.

SPEAKER_04 22:18

Yeah.

SPEAKER_02 22:19

Um what generally is the age group for that, Jennifer?

SPEAKER_04 22:21

Yeah, I think as soon as your kiddo you've said no, and they they absolutely look you in the face and they do it again. You kind of know and you know, and you can look in your eyes, and I think that it's not an age, it's it's a developmental stage.

SPEAKER_03 22:37

Yeah.

SPEAKER_04 22:38

And so every child develops at a different stage. And I think moms, we tend to give our kids extra grace, you know, like, well, maybe they didn't quite understand. Chances are they did, but if you're feeling you're still feeling like I'm not sure they understood, you can do just continue to redirect them. However, you as soon as you admit to yourself, hey, I I they knew that and they are directly going against what I've said, and it's important, then it's okay to begin um doing one spank. And now I'm just gonna explain our process for spanking because I think it gets so misrepresented by our society because people use spanking as a last resort. And I feel like when you do last resort spanking, it's done inappropriately. I don't, it's spanking is never a last resort for me. In fact, if I get to feeling like we're at last resort, spanking will not be my option because last resort usually means I'm upset as a mom. Like they have just continued to cross the boundary. And I and I do not spank when I'm upset. Spanking in our home was matter of fact. And when a kiddo knew that that something was a boundary and they deliberately crossed it, then I would take them and I would take them into a different room because we had lots of kids, and so it was never done in public. And I would, I would, I would say it, you know, for my 15, 16 month-old, mommy said no, and you may not touch that, or you may not, whatever the boundary was, I would tell them, even though they can't verbally say it back to me, I would tell them what they did. Mommy said no. I'm going to give you one spanking, and then you can go play. And so then I just give them one spank on their diaper. It is not about spanking hard. It's literally the process of a little reminder on the behinder. And and then they get up on my lap and I look them in the eye and I say, and I would say this verse with them every time. Children, obey your parents, and then we do big stretchy arms, big wide circle in everything. For this pleases the Lord. And my kids began saying that back to me. And the little ones would do the hand motions right away, and the the older ones, you know, could say the entire verse. And then I would take them back out to whatever the situation was, and we would practice obeying mom. And so they would go out and I'd say, okay, you may not throw food from your high chair. And I'd put them in their high chair and set them in there, and then then they would be able to sit there and successfully eat until you know they didn't, they didn't toss their food on the floor. And you can just repeat the process. Matter of fact, kids are going to want to find out your boundary. And so don't get upset. If you don't remind and be like, oh, I said it four times. You're not supposed to throw the food off the high chair. Then we start getting upset. Just matter of fact. It's just you, you can't do that. This is why I love you very much. And then they're often playing.

SPEAKER_02 25:39

It's never about shame or guilt, it's never about our own anger or alleviating our anger. No, if it's never about those kind of things, that's wrong. That's called punishment, and that's a different thing.

SPEAKER_01 25:48

Yeah.

SPEAKER_02 25:48

Um, and and and the goal is to bring children restoration back into the boundary as fast as possible. Yeah, it's fast as possible. That's the goal because that's what good parents do. And we we want we love our kids enough to put those boundaries around them. And so that's that's the goal. It's not big and ugly and scary. No, it should never be scary. Um, in fact, in fact, it's a good work, it's it's discipling your children. And so I think that's the most beautiful part of the whole thing. So so we can we can do that if if you're concerned about spanking, if you feel like you know there's some generational things going on, if you feel like you were spanked and it wasn't a good experience, start asking some of those questions for FAMology and we'll talk about those more because we have more to talk about there. Yeah. Um, so if those are some things that you're concerned about or you want some more clarification, you can go to our website, which is gofam.org. Gofam.org. And uh and check in with us, ask those questions, but also submit these questions because we want to talk about this more. Yeah. Um, certainly have more to say about that as well. Um, but at the end of the day, it's about loving our kids the best way as possible. And uh and it starts early. Yeah, it starts early.

SPEAKER_04 26:53

And parenting from a place of joy, yeah. You know, and it's not inconvenient to have to discipline our kids, right? These are these are actually holy.

SPEAKER_02 27:02

It doesn't happen at convenient times.

SPEAKER_04 27:04

No, however, but if we but if we view it as an inconvenience, yeah, then it is an inconvenience. It's you know the Lord said to me when I was a mom with tons of young kids, he said, Amy, I want you to see this as a holy opportunity. And that phrase from the Lord really changed my whole perspective on when I had a holy opportunity to discipline my kids because what a great thing. I actually love it when the Lord disciplines me too. I don't want to act recklessly outside of my boundaries at 52. I welcome his correction. And so having a healthy attitude towards the correction and boundaries of a parent and of the Lord is fruitful in all of our lives.

SPEAKER_02 27:49

And when the Lord disciplines us, it's also not scary. No, and it's also never about shame or guilt, it's always about restoring us as fast as possible. And so his ways are higher than our ways, and so we need to connect with his heart for all of those things. Yeah, yeah. So, do you want to pray?

SPEAKER_04 28:03

Sure. So, Lord Jesus, we are thankful for all the beautiful children in our lives. Father, we're thankful for uh the generational nature of family. And I just feel that so deeply in this season. And I just thank you that as one generation is faithful to you, the next generation rises up and takes its place. And so, Father, let us as moms and dads walk in great wisdom before you. We thank you that you are great at being a parent. You are unending in the wisdom that you hold for us. And every question and every need we have, we know that we can come to you. We thank you that you've given us great peace, great joy as we set boundaries in our homes that will be fruitfulness for the generations to come. We love you. Love you, love. Amen.

SPEAKER_01 29:04

Amen.

SPEAKER_00 29:08

If you would like to submit a question for Johnny and Amy to answer on a future episode, head over to the FAMology page on our website at gofam.org or simply click the link in the caption below. And if you're enjoying the show, be sure to leave a review or a comment wherever you listen or watch. It really helps us out. Thanks for tuning in, and we'll see you next week.