Michelo Moono on Driving Digital Transformation Through National Connectivity

In this episode of Humanise, Michelo Moono, Chief Commercial Officer at Fibrecom, shares his insights on the critical role of high-speed fibre infrastructure in accelerating digital transformation and enabling economic growth across Zambia.

He explores how reliable connectivity is empowering businesses, public institutions, and communities to embrace innovation, improve operational efficiency, and access new opportunities in an increasingly digital economy. He also discusses the importance of strategic infrastructure investment, collaboration across the ICT ecosystem, and customer-centric solutions in expanding digital access and supporting Zambia's vision of a connected, inclusive, and digitally enabled future.

Transcript

SPEAKER_01 0:21

Hello there. Welcome to yet another episode on the humanized digital transformation powered by Infractor. My name is Rosemary Kaluani. On this episode, we are looking at building the networks that power Zambia. We have the Chief Commercial Officer from Fibercom, Mr. Migello Mono. Mr. Mono, welcome to the conversation.

SPEAKER_00 0:52

Thank you so much for having me. It's a pleasure to be on this podcast today.

SPEAKER_01 0:56

Thank you.

SPEAKER_00 0:57

Thank you.

SPEAKER_01 0:58

On this special episode, we focus on the critical role of digital infrastructure in enabling connectivity, innovation, and resilience in an increasing connected world. As Zambia advances its digital transformation agenda, robust fiber networks continue to serve as the foundation upon which digital services, businesses, institutions, and communities rely. Mr. Mono, we will address first things. We would like to hear from you what initially excited you or encouraged you to focus on technology and telecommunication?

SPEAKER_00 1:49

Thank you so much for that question. I remember when I was growing up, I had an inquisitive mind. I could ask a lot of questions, trying to understand what was happening around me. And I remember vividly when I was growing up, my dad had a big radiogram in those days, and it had some record players in it. So I ended up actually dismantling that radiogram just to understand how the records were playing. And that I think continued in my life, whereby everything that I saw, I noticed, and I observed, I wanted to have an explanation to the reason why. Further also, I did realize my growth in that uh of the passion to try to sort out problems that uh the community, that the family, that the surroundings are facing. So, with that, I think I ended up associating myself with technology because I thought for a while that uh this field will help me to bring out who I am. Right? So it was at that point that now I developed that interest in technology and telecoms and specifically trying to see to it that uh we have solutions that actually solve and benefit the whole humanity at large.

SPEAKER_01 3:29

All right, interesting. As you're explaining, I was thinking of how we are always stopping um boys in the house when you buy a toy car for them, they want to dismantle it. Yes. We should leave them.

SPEAKER_00 3:43

Please, you should leave them. Secure as mind, secure minds.

SPEAKER_01 3:46

Okay. So in your journey as you were progressing, who has had the greatest influence on your leadership journey and what lessons do you continue to learn that guide you today?

SPEAKER_00 4:00

Well, as I was growing up, I think my father, my late dad had a very big impact in terms of my leadership. You know, most of the time he could sit me down whenever we argue with my brother and my friend, and also even as I was growing up into my career, he taught me that in every situation, the first thing that you need to do, you need to be aware of yourself, your surroundings, and solutions that you are looking for are within your reach. And most of the time, we tend to actually neglect the person sitting next to you. Maybe you just look at them as though they are a nobody, and yet they could have the solution to your uh to your problem. So he taught me to be self-aware, and even as I've grown up, as I've been leading teams, I think that has been critical to my success. But uh I know he did not mention it directly. What he was telling me is that they need to be emotionally intelligent. Yeah, and that has actually helped me. Thank you.

SPEAKER_01 5:06

Okay, so let's move into the field now. Fiber infrastructure is often unseen by the public, yet it powers so much of the digital lives. Why is fiber connectivity so important in today's economy?

SPEAKER_00 5:24

Well, fiber connectivity, as you rightly said, I think very few people they see it, and yet it plays a pivotal role in today's modern digital economy. Now, if you are to look, maybe if you are to allow me, if you are to look at where we are coming from, uh I remember for a fact that uh some companies had backbones connecting different towns between Osaka and Kitue, and the capacity that they had was only about two megabits per second. And this was about 10 years ago, right? But with time, what has happened is that there's been a growth in terms of data consumption. With the growth in data consumption, it requires technologies that are able to carry this capacity. So now, optical fiber is one of the technologies and which is foundational modern technology because it's able to provide high bandwidth to be able to carry traffic for what organizations are actually generating. If you are to see what is happening in most of organizations right now, everywhere, every department is creating data which is supposed to be transmitted. Now, where we are at Zambia, we find that we are a land-locked country, and this data is supposed to be transmitted to the outside world, and most of the time we are downloading and using the interconnects that we have. So for us to bring this huge data, we need high bandwidth, and optic fiber is one such technology. So it should bring in the capacity, the speed that uh we need to uh bring this data, and also for those who are actually uh in gaming, because no, when you're doing gaming, we can be playing with somebody who is in the USA, somebody who is in Australia. So you need the huge pipe with low latency, and fiber just does it. So you find that this is a critical infrastructure that we need to ensure that uh we are able to deliver what customers are looking for.

SPEAKER_01 7:48

Interesting. So over the decade, how have you seen demand for digital services evolve across Zambia?

SPEAKER_00 7:59

Well, I think as I said earlier, over the decade there's been a change and shift with respect to the way human beings are consuming data. There is a move towards what they are calling age computing. There is also a move where uh consumers are generating content. Now, as they generate this content, they need to transmit this content to some to some place, to some server somewhere. So, with this content that is being generated, there are age devices that are being used to actually to create this content, which requires high bandwidth. I can mention we're having here the podcast, right? Yes. And you are using high definition cameras for you to be able to get that crystal clear picture. And that crystal clear picture will demand high bandwidth. And that's where fiber comes in. It's able to ensure that it's able to transmit this picture without even having uh missing out on any pixel. And if you are to look at the gaming world, I think that's another area where we need actually to have this bandwidth. So, with this, there's been a lot of growth in terms of data that is being actually generated, which will require to be transmitted. And fiber is the key technology that should be needed to ensure that it achieves that objective.

SPEAKER_01 9:30

So I see that when we're looking at the big data, the content creation is one of the major trends that is um shaping the future of connectivity and digital infrastructure in Zambia. Is there anything else that you can have to learn?

SPEAKER_00 9:49

Exactly. If you are to look at the digital payment system, uh one thing that we need to know is that um with the what has been happening in the economy as we are integrating different uh technologies. Digital payment is one such uh areas where we need this because we are doing transactions and these transactions are supposed to connect to some server somewhere for authentication. And also we are talking of virtual reality. We're now in the entertainment world, yeah, people are there now on social media, yeah, trying to create content. So all these actually are avenues where we need this fast connectivity to be actually to be realized. Also, if you you are to think of also in the rural areas, I know most of the time we tend to not pay attention to the people in the rural areas. They also need this. The challenge that has been there, they just don't have the means. And also, it is critical that uh enablers are there to ensure that even our grandmothers in Shangonbo, in all the remotest parts of this country, have this reliable connectivity for them to be able to upload the information that they are creating. And once the content creation goes, the movie industry, all those are opportunities where we'll be able to use this high-speed connectivity.

SPEAKER_01 11:15

It's um it's been a bit of technical explanation and everything, but your mentioning the rural areas brings me to the next question where we would want to explain digital transformation from a human perspective and how it is changing the way people live, the way people work, learn, or access opportunities. So, how do we explain digital transformation?

SPEAKER_00 11:43

I know, yeah, geotransformation is a technical buzz actually, which came in especially during the COVID time, if you may remember very well. And uh basically what it is, it's uh it's a strategy that businesses are using to ensure that uh there is productivity, you are able to do things online, and furthermore, also we try to improve efficiencies, right? So, for instance, I want to apply for a loan and uh I'm in the rural area. How do I do that? Should I drive all the way to Lusaka for me to be able to uh uh make that application? Now, if the businesses have just their processes, all that I will need is an application, right? On an app where I can scan all the information that I have, upload it, they can validate, and I can apply for that law. So to just a person, an audience person, digital transformation, the major objective is to try to ease in the day-to-day operation. And this should actually happen in all the industries, all the vehicles that we have. It could be somebody who is at the market, it could be somebody who is working for a corporate organization, it could be somebody who is a content creator. All those things that they are doing can be digitized to ensure that they are able to do things smoothly and also it brings in efficiency and innovation. Because one thing for a fact is that at the end of the day, I want things to be done, isn't it? Yeah, and how do I do it? And transformation is a thing. So for it to be done, obviously, there are key components which are supposed to be what uh to be considered for us to be able to achieve that objective. Yes, please.

SPEAKER_01 13:43

I'm just thinking, so how do I in a simple way explain to my my grandmother in digital transformation?

SPEAKER_00 13:55

Well, if you're speaking to uh your grandmother can say, grandmother in Pataoka, what is your transformation? Well, what I can explain it in simpler terms, and this is it is a process. I know I'm using English, and and I hope your grandmother understands English, right? Yeah, and you can translate. Yeah, so it is the process that we actually uh adopt to ensure that the day-to-day activities that we are doing, it could be like maybe we've got a farm, right? And we want to get information about maybe a specific uh disease, right, that is maybe affecting their crops. So with digital transformation, what it could do that they can even get like maybe a camera, get a photo, right? And that photo that they have, you capture it, upload it to a system which will now interpret and be able to give them the information of what the issue is. So it is a way of using actually technology to better their lives and be able to understand with respect to what is happening, leveraging onto the technology that we have.

SPEAKER_01 15:20

That's a mouthful, but I will see how I can explain it. Um, let's see if you can share examples of how improved connectivity has transformed lives or created opportunities for individuals or could be businesses or communities.

SPEAKER_00 15:40

Right. So uh first, if we look at uh improved connectivity, what are we talking about? For a business, they've got uh things that they do to offer a product and services to their customers, and most of these things that they do are mostly on the internet, right? Now you log into your you can have a tablet, you log into your phone, and you want to maybe submit some return to ZRI, right? Then you try to open their page, it is buffering, it's taking 10 minutes just for it to open again. So that 10 minutes that you have uh wasted waiting for a page to open could be as a result that maybe the the connectivity that that website is sitting on is not even what it's not working. Or two, maybe it could be in the area where this customer is, that there's an issue, maybe this the the tower, the site that is connected is maybe it's congested or there's no bandwidth. So now what interconnected or connected uh systems brings to the human uh to businesses, it's once brings in efficiency and productivity. And if you are to look at the way Zambia is, most of the companies, and if you are to look at where they get their data, they can have it hosted in the data center. Now, I have my servers there where customers are making queries. Now, how is the connectivity to that data center? Some customers might use microwave. It might have limitations in terms of what is the bandwidth that we're there, or there might be more users actually trying to access that server. And because of that, you'll find that customers will have challenges in accessing those services. And yet, it will also create a problem where you'll not be able to do the thing that you are supposed to do in the shortest possible time. Then further, also, it will bring you innovation. You could want to do some research on certain uh topics with improved connectivity. Things are going to be browsed and you'll be able to have access in the shortest possible time. It will create you to have the uh uh the access to other learners who are in the outside world. If you talk of universities, in universities, most students they do research, right? With improved connectivity, a student is going to ensure that he does his research in the shortest possible term. Now, we're talking of online learning. A lot of people now are conducting uh lessons online. Now, if there is no improved connectivity, what is going to happen? That person will not have access to that. Now, improved connectivity will bring in all this ecosystem of things together and ensure that people have got improved life. And also uh drive for us to ensure that we work together in achieving this objective and also looking at the bottlenecks which could be there in the process of us including this connected.

SPEAKER_01 19:19

I see there we are having uh delivering of services that are thank you. Let's now look at building resilience in a connected world. In this year's world of telecommunications today, we have the theme speaking about digital lifelines. From your perspective, how does digital infrastructure strengthen resilience of people community and education?

SPEAKER_00 19:54

Well, um, I think one key thing that is there, we're talking about digital lifelines, right? And one thing that comes to my mind is that uh for you to have a reliable connectivity, you need business continuity. Right? That is key because without business continuity, whenever uh uh one of maybe your offices, one of your servers is down, it will affect your business operation. So it is critical to ensure that we have reliable digital infrastructure which are going to create business continuity. Then the second one is that we need to support the community during emergencies, because this is key because of the fact that these communities are in different geographical locations. And in these geographical locations where these communities are, they need connectivity almost all the time. And uh one thing that I've observed is that uh we haven't put much focus and emphasis in trying to drive and take these solutions to the people who are in the remote. Mostly, and if we're talking with Zambia, it has been the Ryan of Leo, right? But otherwise, there are a lot of opportunities that can be leveraged. Once the people everywhere are able to buy in, then it's going to ensure that we begin to support communities in those locations. Further, we'll promote economic resilience. We know for a fact that we're not an island, even as a nation. And we are interconnected to some extent. And in this interconnected, we share information. So digital lifelines are critical. For Zambia, I know we've got eight neighbors, right? And these eight neighbors want to have access either on the eastern side, western side, southern side to other countries. So if we've got that built in reserve. Resiliency will be able actually to champion and be a career that is able to support all this. And this is actually going to result into our economic development. And I you know when people are productive, then the resultant will be that our GDP is going to grow. And I think in one of the papers that was published, I think telecoms ICT is contributing more to the GDP of this nation now because it has brought in efficiency, brought in controls, fraud are being managed, all that is due to the digital infrastructure that is available.

SPEAKER_01 22:36

Awesome. So if we look at all that, I'm sure it also comes with a challenge. What are some of the key challenges that are facing infrastructure? Maybe particularly the undersaved area.

SPEAKER_00 22:58

Well, if I look at the undersaved area, one of the biggest challenges which I've um noticed is that for a business who wants to establish uh maybe I can give an example, it's the commission tower, maybe in a specific location. They want to look at uh first of all, what should be the return on investment, right? Because I'm working for a company, the shareholders demand that I need to bring profitability for every investment. So I'll look at my return of investment. Now, it's an area is far away, I'll need maybe to lay close to maybe 200 kilometers of fiber. So I'm putting all those costs together. And now, if I look at opportunity, there are fewer people in the rural areas. And I do my business modeling, it's not, I'm not breaking even. So, what will I do? I will not be able to take my connectivity in that location. So, number one, it's a distance that is there for especially uh uh for people in the remote. So there we need collaboration for us to ensure that we bring digital, uh actually we break that digital divide in the sense that uh the government, the private sector, the community should work together in finding a solution. If it means subsidizing some connectivity cost, that has to be done. Yeah. Then also sometimes we find that there could be legratory barriers. Yeah, in that you find in a certain location, as we want to take connectivity, uh I look at my costs, and due to some legratory issues that could be there, I'll be impeded for me to take care of connectivity in those areas. Then also the aspect of I mean cyber uh security concerns that are there because most people in the rural areas they are, I can use it term where they are not techie savvy, and also they're scared of if we can use that term of technology. Yeah. So because of that, that like act as a hindrance. Then also there is the cost of maintenance. Imagine you've put up this infrastructure to uh to connect a place that is in the remote, and you look at the cost that is going to take you to maintain that. So because the cost is high, it will affect your bottom line. And as a business investor who is ready to take that connectivity, you're going to think twice before you take there. So there is a need and a requirement for cooperation. This is among the government, telecommunication providers, uh, development partners, local communities to ensure that everyone participates in this digital economy and achieve the objective. Because once that is done, then no one is going to be left behind.

SPEAKER_01 26:07

We move to the future of connectivity. How can Zambia accelerate its digital transformation journey and ensure that no one is left behind?

SPEAKER_00 26:20

So to accelerate the future of digital connectivity, the first thing we have to be deliberate about uh uh this agenda with regard to ensuring that every town, every city have got infrastructure in place. And when I mean of infrastructure, there are different segments of the networks that we need to look at. We've got data centers. These data centers need to have high-speed fiber connectivity to interlink them. Then when we go to the actually to the access size to the users, we need to support the users to have the devices that are supposed to give access to that. So for Zambia to accelerate that there's supposed to be collaboration because it is important for us to have this broadband access. Two, we're supposed to ensure that we're building on digital literacy, that everyone understands the importance of digital literacy. Then further, they support innovation and you have to be deliberate about this. We are talking about the AI bubble that has been happening. What is it that as a country that we are doing? Because most of the data that AI, I mean, uh press on is supposed to be collected somewhere. And if you are to do some query writing using the AI tools, most of the results that we are getting are coming from the internet. Why don't we localize that data such that we can have some use cases for specific locations? It could be in agriculture. The issues that we are facing at Zambia, I think for me, we've got an opportunity there that we can leverage on. Let's try to find solutions that actually improve productivity for uh for ourselves. Further, we need to expand on the digital infrastructure. This will be in the areas of the same fiber backbone. We need to have more data centers. Power is critical because for this data center to operate the consumer of power. So that has to ensure that we have deliberate about that. Further, also, we need to have networks installed with all different technologies that are going to improve the lives of the people that we have. Further, let's look at leveraging of digital solutions. What I mean by this is that wherever you go, there are challenges that people are facing. But can we find solutions using the digital solution that we have and sort it out? Once we are able to sort that issue, it could be in education, right? It could be in healthcare. Now, if you want to do uh like an operation or somebody who've got an expert who is maybe uh outside this country, sometimes we're not able to do that because we are scared that in the midst of an operation, the fiber is going to cut, then you lose the connectivity. But once you have interconnectedness, then you'll be assured the service is going to be up most of the time. So what we need to do is at least have the backbone interconnected. Every area should have at least two, three, four connections which were there such that at every point you can be assured. When I click on the website, it will come. When I click on this, it will come. We are now in the election time. And most of the media houses right now, they're having news on the goal. There's a campaign happening, right? So you want to ensure that you get that uh clip, you post it. But what will happen? There's no connectivity. Then you lose out on that opportunity. Yeah, so all those things are critical. And for me, fiber connectivity should be should not be an afterthought, no. It should be part of every company strategy, government strategy to ensure that we are able to have uptime and connectivity are done for most of our location.

SPEAKER_01 30:29

Wow, that's that's very interesting, yeah. And we see that uh looking at what you have outlined, yes, it does give us a picture that we can have everyone um connected. Are you able to share other opportunities that you see that are emerging for businesses and young innovators in an increasingly connected economy?

SPEAKER_00 30:57

Okay, yeah, so I think the other opportunity that I can think of right now is one if you've got an interconnected uh uh uh network, the aspect of access to larger markets. So I'm here, I'm an entrepreneur with this brilliant idea, and I want my products and services to be sold worldwide. So I can have my product and services maybe uh where uh yeah, I'm talking about e-commerce, where I'm able to uh market my products and services to the outside world. So the growth of e-commerce also will lead to the fact that entrepreneurs, young entrepreneurs now, uh they will be able to ensure that they have actually some marketplaces that they can create to be able to market this product. Further, also, if you look at the graphic designers, video creators, content creators, social media managers, all these are opportunities that entrepreneurs can leverage on once we have got a connected digital uh uh network. Then further, also we look at uh remote working freelancing. Yeah, so we are here, uh we're having this podcast. Yeah, I can go home. They could be working in the middle of Australia, they will need me to work on certain reports. Now, for me to ensure that I upload those reports, they could be huge files. We'd find that if my connectivity is not there to be challenged. Yeah, I think Asia specifically would find that uh most of the businesses are having their headquarters there. Why? Because you've got connectivity. You have this video that you've created, and it's a huge file. Using the limited bandwidth that we have, it will take you the whole day to upload that. Yeah. So I think that has to change. And rather, in addition to that, I think we need to change now where we and this is what fiber actually uh brings in terms of benefit. For 5 bar, you have symmetric bandwidth. What I mean is that your upward speeds, right, and downward speed are the same. So which means that uh if you want to download, be able to download as short as possible time. Even downloading will be the same. So with this infrastructure, it will enable us to be uploading. Now that people are creating this content, it will actually give them this enabler for them to actually do all those things. So those are the opportunities and innovation is key. As you have access to this, as an innovative mind, you'll be able to see, okay, why can't I do this? Then it will give you as an enabler for you to be able to achieve that.

SPEAKER_01 33:45

Awesome. Thank you so much. If fiber networks are the roads of digital economy, where do you see Zambia's digital highways aiding over the next 10 years?

SPEAKER_00 34:04

Well, in the next 10 years, I'm looking forward to seeing a Zambia that is interconnected everywhere. Doesn't matter where I am, provided there are people, those people need connectivity. And that will not be achieved obviously by a single player. Obviously, I think as we have discussed earlier on, we need collaboration to be to achieve that. Because we need to bring in a mix of technologies, yeah, to ensure that uh we are able to cover that. Further, once the uh Zambia is the connected, I think there's no telling to what we can do because of the fact that we have information at our fingertips. And when we have information at our fingertips, we'll ensure that we are able to resolve, come up with the homemade solution using the same infrastructure that we have to be able to deliver solutions that our mother Zambia has been facing. So this has to do with obviously uh there will be some diversity in terms of our economy, look at the innovation in the education sector and look at the healthcare. And you might be surprised in that uh in most of the developed countries, innovations happen for under people who innovate, most of them, they do undergraduate. Yeah, that's where they know because at that point the youth they are very fresh, they can try, and you can give them the tools, then you see brilliant innovation happening within this uh this country. All that we need is to support them.

SPEAKER_01 35:44

We support those curious minds.

SPEAKER_00 35:47

Exactly.

SPEAKER_01 35:48

All right, thank you so much. We've been looking at digital infrastructure and the future of connectivity. Now, when you look back on your career, what has been the most exciting innovation or technological advancement you have witnessed?

SPEAKER_00 36:07

Well, there are a couple of them. I think I can list a list, but uh I think one thing that you well that comes to my mind, uh this has to do with the robotics and the automation. Right? I know during that time when robots were introduced, there was a scare that it's going to take away our jobs, but it did not take. All that it did, it brought in productivity, efficiency, and if you had to go to most of these industries, see how they're able to do the task. You know, for a fact that a human being will get tired, but a robot, once you program it to a certain way, it will operate that. I think that was one of the interesting. And also, uh, I can think of also the Internet of Things. Yeah. Internet of Things now is resulting in us being connected. Wherever you go, your fridge can be connected, your sensors, you're able to monitor your house, cameras. And now we are now talking of artificial intelligence, and that is uh another innovation that is happening. So all these things I think for me have been amazing and interesting in that uh they just show that there is no limitation to what a human mind can do. Once you put yourself to there, you can do anything.

SPEAKER_01 37:29

Yes, I was going to add a question on artificial intelligence, but that will be a topic for another time. Okay. Hopefully, you'll be available. Sure. Okay, as we wind up our conversation, as Zambia continues its digital transformation journey, what one action should we collectively take to ensure that digital technologies become true lifelines that strengthen resilience and improve lives of the people?

SPEAKER_00 38:00

Well, I think the first thing is for us just to appreciate the benefit that uh this is bringing to our country. And uh I think what is critical for me with regard to that question is to ensure that uh one we've got a buy-in of all the stakeholders. If you are to sell this and everyone appreciates that technology, connectivity will bring in productivity, will bring in efficiency, then all that will now happen now is just try to see is that how do we now leverage onto this to ensure that it gives us the benefit. Because for the fact that I think you you've observed sometimes whereby if I want to bring in a digital solution in an organization, sometimes people are afraid, right? It should take my job. It's not taking your job, no. The objective is just to bring in efficiency and it should bring another opportunity. Yeah. And you have to look at from that perspective. So the actions which we should take, let's embrace and agree that indeed we need technology for us to advance to go to the next stage of our economy, the next stage of our life as a country. And technology is going to help us as it will bring in the efficiency, it will ensure that all those loopholes that could be there are closed. And with that, then even when it comes now to investment, we'll know that we are investing in the right areas. And the returns will come. And once the retains come, there will be some market opportunities that are going to bring. Because with every technology, with every innovation, there are other opportunities which we are not seeing now, which ones we are to think it critically, they will be able to have to happen. So for me, the critical thing, the first thing we need to embrace in all our day-to-day life and see if I can apply this technology to this, then this is a benefit that it's going to bring to me.

SPEAKER_01 40:19

Technology has to be our everyday friend.

SPEAKER_00 40:22

Definitely.

SPEAKER_01 40:24

As we close, what could you leave or what message would you leave a young Zambian out there as regards innovation and well as I leave, um, I think to the young Zambian, the innovators, please continue asking questions, continue being curious because it's through that curiosity mind that we are going to make innovation that are going to change Land.

SPEAKER_00 41:00

Then further, the challenges that we are facing today are an opportunity for us to come up with solutions to resolve those. So whenever there's a challenge, please don't look at it from the negative side. Look at it from the positive perspective, in that once I sort out this challenge using technology, it will create a better life. Further, also, the digital age that we have right now is preparing us to ensure that this nation moves to the next level. We're in a global village, right? And for us to be able to compete with the first world, I think for me, what is critical is to leverage on these technologies. Yeah. And the young people are key and they should help us to take care because our generation is going to pass. Then they're supposed to take the mantle from us. And it's a process. That's why they say that the Rome was not built in one day. So I have to do my part to ensure that I empower the young people, and the young people also need to do their part. So to the young people, please let's go innovate, think outside the box, and resolve the current issues that we are facing, from the one at home to the one in the businesses, to the one in the market, wherever we are. Then once we're able to resolve these issues, then we are on the right track to becoming a great nation.

SPEAKER_01 42:34

Thank you so much, Mr. Moss.

SPEAKER_00 42:36

Thank you so much, Rosen, for having me. It's been a pleasure.

SPEAKER_01 42:39

So there we are. The young ones have to be made curious so that they can create more ideas. And I take it they have to get a double portion when they get the mantle.

SPEAKER_00 42:51

Definitely.

SPEAKER_01 42:53

And for the rest of us, we have to invest technology and be always ready to create a solution after solution. This has been Rosemary Kalwani on the Humanize podcast. Until the next conversation.