The Enola Low Grade: Iron, Blood, and Engineering Glory

This episode traces the dramatic rise—and lasting legacy—of the Enola Low Grade, one of the most ambitious railroad engineering projects ever undertaken in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Constructed between 1903 and 1906 by the Pennsylvania Railroad, the Low Grade was designed as a nearly level freight bypass, allowing massive trains to move efficiently along the Susquehanna corridor without the punishing climbs common to earlier rail lines.

Achieving that vision came at an enormous cost. Millions of cubic yards of earth were moved, and the project’s price tag—equivalent to roughly half a billion dollars today—was matched by a devastating human toll. More than 200 laborers, many of them recent immigrants, lost their lives amid hazardous working conditions, frequent dynamite blasts, and relentless industrial pressure. Their stories are an often-overlooked chapter in the triumphalist narrative of American engineering.

For decades, the Enola Low Grade served as a vital electric freight corridor, drawing power from the nearby Safe Harbor Dam and helping fuel the industrial economy of the region. By the late 1980s, however, changes in rail operations rendered the line obsolete, and it was ultimately abandoned.

Today, the route lives on as a 29-mile rail trail, inviting hikers and cyclists to move through a landscape once shaped by iron, blood, and ambition. This episode explores how the Enola Low Grade evolved from an industrial-age marvel into a modern public space—while asking what it means to remember both the engineering glory and the human sacrifice that made it possible.

To read more, visit UnchartedLancaster.com.

Learn about other unique people and places like this when you step off the beaten path with Uncharted Lancaster: Field Guide to the Strange, Storied, and Hidden Places of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania by Adam Zurn. This one-of-a-kind 239-page guidebook uncovers 56 fascinating sites, from the county’s very own fountain of youth to the oldest continuously operating short-line railroad in the western hemisphere. Order your copy here.