National Home Inspector Exam Prep Podcast

10 - DECKS (PART 3) AND GARAGE DOORS

Charles Bellefontaine Season 8 Episode 10

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Our final episode covers deck stairs, handrails, guards, plus a complete examination of garage vehicle doors and operators.

Deck stairs and landings:
- Stringer attachment (hangers preferred; nails common but may withdraw)
- Cut stringers from 2x12 lumber (2x10 acceptable if reinforced)
- Maximum 6' span between stringer supports
- Drop header concerns (bolt attachment acceptable; screws/nails not recommended)
- Riser height (7¾" maximum) and tread depth (10" minimum)
- Maximum ⅜" variation between risers or between treads
- Open riser spacing (4" sphere test)
- Landing requirements (36" minimum width, 36" minimum depth, solid surface)

Deck handrails (4+ risers):
- Height: 34-38" above sloped line connecting treads
- Returns or posts at beginning/end
- Approved graspable sizes/shapes (common 2x4 NOT acceptable)
- Baluster spacing (4" sphere test)
- Attachment (two ring-shank nails or screws per baluster)

Deck guards:
- Required when walking surface >30" above surface below
- Minimum 36" height (42" in some jurisdictions)
- Posts minimum 4x4 unnotched, maximum 6' on center
- Post attachment to joists (not just rim joists)
- Must resist 200 psf concentrated load
- Baluster spacing (4" sphere test—different from stairs!)
- Special considerations for cable/horizontal fills (climbing hazard)

Garage vehicle doors:
- Types (sectional, single panel, roller) and materials (wood, steel, aluminum)
- Weight considerations (100-400+ pounds)
- Spring types (torsion vs. extension with containment cables)
- Installation requirements (attach to solid framing, not drywall)
- Spring adjustment (door should stay open at ~4' height)

Garage door operators (openers):
- Motor sizes (⅓, ½, ¾ HP) and drive types (chain, belt, screw, jackshaft)
- Installation (cross-bracing, proper attachment)
- Safety features: reverse sensors (≤6" above floor), wall switch (≥60" high), manual release (≥72" high)
- Testing controversy (pressure reverse using 2x4 vs. hand-stopping)
- Safety label near wall switch

This comprehensive finale emphasizes that deck defects cause more injuries/deaths than any other home system, making thorough inspection absolutely critical.

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