EP10 : Sentence Structure Part 2

💗 The series where you will go from absolute beginner to fluent in Cantonese. This is episode 10, and we are learning sentence structure ( part 2 )

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Transcript

SPEAKER_00 0:00

Hi everyone, welcome back to Fuller Medical, the series that takes you from absolute beginner to fuller in Cantonese. This is lesson 10. Today we'll learn how to ask questions. When you want to ask a question, the sentence structure stays the same. We just need to use the correct interrogative pronoun. Let's use the same sentence from last lesson.

SPEAKER_01 0:21

Do you remember what it means? I am learning Cantonese at school today.

SPEAKER_00 0:27

Let's just say I know that you are learning Cantonese at school, but I don't know when. Do you remember how to say when as in date in Cantonese?

SPEAKER_01 0:38

Gay C that's when as in date. But do you remember what the center structure looks like when there is time and location?

SPEAKER_00 0:47

The answer is subject, time, location, verb object. Obviously the subject is going to change from no to ne because I'm asking you a question. Ne Gai Si Hai Ho Guang Dong Hua When are you learning Cantonese at school? Please repeat after me. Nei Gei Si hai ho ha ho Guang Dong Hua When are you learning Cantonese at school?

SPEAKER_01 1:20

Let's look at another example. Do you remember what it means?

SPEAKER_00 1:30

I ate ice cream at the restaurant yesterday.

SPEAKER_01 1:32

I know that you had ice cream yesterday, but I don't know where. Do you remember how to say where in Cantonese? Binto, that's where. Could you give it a try? How do you ask this question? Where did you have ice cream yesterday? It just sounds like Nate Hamyat.

SPEAKER_00 1:56

Where did you have ice cream yesterday? Please repeat after me.

SPEAKER_01 1:59

Nate humyat hai pinto sick sho. Where did you have ice cream yesterday?

SPEAKER_00 2:10

Now let's move on to asking a yes or no question. The sentence structure is as follows Subject Verb mm verb object. For example, nay sick. Mm sick. Should go to eat ice cream. Let's break it down. Ne means you, that's the subject. Sick means to eat. That's the verb. Sick mm sick eat or not eat. Should go means ice cream. That's the object. When you're answering a yes or no question, in most cases we are using the verb itself. We don't usually answer with high or m hai. Unless the question asks directly about being something. For example, are you a teacher? Then answering with high or m hai. It's natural. But when asking with action verbs such as sick to eat, sh to want, ho to go, you should answer using the verb sick to eat. So I eat ice cream should be no sick should go.

SPEAKER_01 3:10

Please repeat after me. No sick should go. I eat ice cream. If you do not eat ice cream, no mm sick should go, please repeat after me. No mm sick sho I do not eat ice cream. Let's try another example.

SPEAKER_00 3:31

Ne shen mm shen hoon tong h do you want to learn Cantonese? Ne X means do you want?

SPEAKER_01 3:42

How would you answer if you want to learn Cantonese? I want to learn Cantonese. What about if you do not want to learn Cantonese? I do not want to learn Cantonese.

SPEAKER_00 4:25

Next, let's talk about Yao Mo. If you want to talk about is there or plural are there, the central structure is as follows Subject, Yao Mo Object. Yao means to have. Mo means do not have. Yao Mo means have or do not have. For example, Nito Yao Mo Tizo is there washroom here. Nito means here. Si so means washroom. If the answer is yes, it should be Nito Yao Tsio, please repeat after me.

SPEAKER_01 5:03

Nito yao tizo. There's a washroom here. What about if there isn't a washroom?

SPEAKER_00 5:12

It should be Nito Mo Tizo, please repeat after me.

SPEAKER_01 5:17

Nito mo tizo. There isn't a washroom here. Let's try another example.

SPEAKER_00 5:25

Okay yao mo shugo. Is there any ice cream at home? Okay means home.

SPEAKER_01 5:32

Do you remember what is shuggou? It means ice cream. If the answer is yes, how do you say it? Okay, yao shuggle, please repeat after me. Okay, yao should go. There is ice cream at home. What about there isn't any ice cream at home? Okay, mo shuggo, please repeat after me. Okay mo shuggo. There isn't ice cream at home.

SPEAKER_00 6:11

Yao mo other than is there, it also mean did you? The sentence structure goes like this Subject Yao Mo Verb Object. Let's take a look at an example. Ne Yao Mo Sikshu Go. Did you eat ice cream? If the answer is yes, it should be no yao sick shuggo. Please repeat after me.

SPEAKER_01 6:35

Gao sick shu go. I had ice cream. What if you did not? Please repeat after me. Ga mo sixh go. I did not eat ice cream. Another example. Ne yao mo se cho san. Did you eat breakfast? If you have breakfast, what do you say? Please repeat after me. Gao yao sean. I had breakfast. If you did not have breakfast, g mo sean, please repeat after me.

SPEAKER_00 7:29

Ga mo Sigjothan. I did not eat breakfast. Before we wrap up, let's go over what we learned today. When you are asking a yes or no question, the sentence structure is subject, verb, mm, verb, object. Please remember that when you are asking a yes or no question, you should answer with the verb. When you want to ask is there or are there question, the sentence structure is subject, yao mo object. When you want to ask did you, the sentence structure should be subject, yao mo verb, object. Now let's go over the sentences we learned today. Please repeat after me. Nei gei si hai ho hao ho guang dong wa are you learning Cantonese at school?

SPEAKER_01 8:19

Need some yat hai pinto sick shigou Where did you have ice cream yesterday? Ne sick m sick shrew? Ne Xion M Guang Dongwa Do you want to learn Cantonese? Ni thong Yao Mo Ziang Is there a washroom here? Okay Yao Mo Shikko Is there any ice cream at home? Nei Yao Mo Sik Shikou. Did you eat ice cream? Nei Yao Mo Sik Jotan. Did you eat breakfast?

SPEAKER_00 9:18

That's a wrap for lesson of Fulaminico. Don't forget to download the notes I have prepared so you can study along. If you found this lesson helpful, make sure to subscribe so you won't miss the next lesson. Thanks for tuning in and I'll see you next time. Bye bye!