WEBVTT 00:00:10.080 --> 00:00:11.199 Paul says this. 00:00:11.839 --> 00:00:26.000 The point in what we are saying is this we have such a high priest, one who is seated at the right hand of the throne of the majesty in heaven, a minister in the holy places, in the true tent that the Lord set up, not man. 00:00:26.239 --> 00:00:29.440 For every high priest is appointed to offer gifts and sacrifices. 00:00:29.600 --> 00:00:33.679 Thus it is necessary for this priest also to have something to offer. 00:00:33.920 --> 00:00:39.520 Now, if he were on earth, he would not be a priest at all, since there are priests who offer gifts according to the law. 00:00:39.759 --> 00:00:42.079 They serve as a copy and shadow of the heavenly things. 00:00:42.240 --> 00:00:51.520 For when Moses was about to erect the tent, he was instructed by God, saying, See that ye make everything according to the pattern that was shown you on the mountain. 00:00:52.079 --> 00:01:03.359 But as it is, Christ has obtained a ministry that is as much more excellent than the old, as the covenant he mediates is better, since it is enacted on better promises. 00:01:03.759 --> 00:01:09.120 For if that first covenant had been faultless, there would have been no occasion for a second. 00:01:09.519 --> 00:01:23.920 For he finds fault with them when he says, Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will establish a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah, not like the covenant I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt. 00:01:24.079 --> 00:01:26.319 For they did not continue in my covenant. 00:01:26.480 --> 00:01:29.760 And so I showed no concern for them, declares the Lord. 00:01:30.079 --> 00:01:34.719 For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the Lord. 00:01:34.879 --> 00:01:41.920 I will put my laws into their minds, I will write them on their hearts, and I will be their God, and they shall be my people. 00:01:42.959 --> 00:01:55.760 They shall not teach each other, one his neighbor, and each one his brother, saying, Know the Lord, for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, for I will be merciful towards their iniquities, I will remember their sins no more. 00:01:56.000 --> 00:02:05.519 In speaking of a new covenant, he makes the first one obsolete, and what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away. 00:02:09.840 --> 00:02:14.960 The Greek language has three different words for new. 00:02:15.120 --> 00:02:17.199 They would all get translated into English new. 00:02:17.439 --> 00:02:20.560 And the three different words mean different things. 00:02:27.759 --> 00:02:33.120 And naos means new as in like a replacement for something. 00:02:33.680 --> 00:02:36.159 So I just opened this Coke Zero. 00:02:36.240 --> 00:02:38.240 It's not I have a chemical addiction to Coke Zero. 00:02:38.400 --> 00:02:42.319 I know the first stage of dealing with an addiction is recognizing what it is. 00:02:42.479 --> 00:02:49.039 So I recognize my dependency on Coke Zero, and I opened a new one tonight. 00:02:49.199 --> 00:02:53.439 It's new because it's a contrast with the one I had this afternoon. 00:02:53.599 --> 00:02:54.960 It's a totally different one. 00:02:55.759 --> 00:02:56.560 It's a new one. 00:02:56.879 --> 00:02:58.400 That's what the word new means here. 00:02:58.639 --> 00:03:12.719 When you find the word new in the New Testament in relationship to usually foods, new bread or new leaven in 2 Corinthians, new wine, even, that's that word, naos, new. 00:03:13.120 --> 00:03:21.120 It's not uh you know, new is out of the blue, it's new because it's you just opened it, it's brand new to you. 00:03:21.759 --> 00:03:24.159 That's one word for the word new. 00:03:24.719 --> 00:03:28.719 Another word for new in Greek is kinos. 00:03:29.120 --> 00:03:33.439 And kynos is new as in you haven't seen it before. 00:03:33.520 --> 00:03:35.199 It's a new in substance. 00:03:35.360 --> 00:03:46.479 So this Coke Zero is the new re-engineered Coke zero, which I think is a moral travesty, and I want a congressional investigation, but they have they've done it. 00:03:46.639 --> 00:03:49.520 Even says, now more delicious on the side. 00:03:49.599 --> 00:03:50.240 Do you see that? 00:03:50.479 --> 00:03:51.439 Now more delicious. 00:03:51.599 --> 00:03:55.199 I'm skeptical when something has to tell you that it tastes good. 00:03:55.360 --> 00:03:58.240 That's I'm skeptical about it. 00:03:58.560 --> 00:04:03.439 So this is a new design, new flavoring, new engineering to it. 00:04:03.599 --> 00:04:04.159 So it is new. 00:04:04.240 --> 00:04:06.080 This can is new in two ways. 00:04:06.800 --> 00:04:10.639 It's new because it is the replacement for the one earlier. 00:04:11.199 --> 00:04:15.840 It's also new because it is newly engineered. 00:04:16.079 --> 00:04:17.839 Hasn't been experienced before. 00:04:20.800 --> 00:04:22.959 Ah, that's a mediocre cook zero. 00:04:24.000 --> 00:04:29.040 I'm going to leave it there to remind me of those two words for new, or remind you as you look over my shoulder. 00:04:30.879 --> 00:04:34.480 There's a couple Bible passages that use both of those terms. 00:04:35.279 --> 00:04:46.800 So Jesus, for example, says nobody would take new wine, that's the word for naos, new wine, it's a new vintage of wine, and put it into old wineskins. 00:04:47.360 --> 00:04:53.519 Because the old wineskins, you know, the wineskins are elastic and they've absorbed and the pressure has been released from them. 00:04:53.600 --> 00:04:56.720 If you put new wineskins in it, it still's got to ferment and and change. 00:04:56.800 --> 00:05:02.079 It would burst an old wine if you put old wineskin if you put new wine into it. 00:05:02.240 --> 00:05:07.199 So rather you take a new wineskin, and that's the word kinos. 00:05:07.279 --> 00:05:09.759 You would invent a new wineskin, whole cloth. 00:05:10.319 --> 00:05:12.639 A brand new wineskin for new wine. 00:05:12.720 --> 00:05:18.399 Now it's the same word new in English in both of those places, but it's not at all the same kind of new. 00:05:18.560 --> 00:05:20.639 In English, we kind of lack that distinction. 00:05:20.720 --> 00:05:22.879 And so I have an analogy for you. 00:05:23.120 --> 00:05:28.639 If you upgrade your iPhone, you get like a newer, a newer model of iPhone. 00:05:28.800 --> 00:05:30.160 But it's just kind of the new iPhone. 00:05:30.319 --> 00:05:31.920 Like the camera is like 4% better. 00:05:32.079 --> 00:05:32.319 Great. 00:05:32.480 --> 00:05:34.399 Definitely worth a thousand bucks. 00:05:36.319 --> 00:05:41.279 You know, say you have a car that you drive into the ground, you know. 00:05:41.439 --> 00:05:43.519 I think of the car that I had when I was in seminary. 00:05:43.759 --> 00:05:47.279 This it was it was called Bob the Tomato because it looked like a tomato. 00:05:47.439 --> 00:05:58.079 And it was a car from the 70s, and it was a lovely car uh when I got it, but it was like my car for driving around LA all through seminary, and I drove that thing into the ground. 00:05:58.480 --> 00:06:00.879 Uh, it literally got hit by a flood. 00:06:00.959 --> 00:06:08.720 Uh a water retention uh dam broke and water flooded the street, and my car had water in its headlights and water in its engine. 00:06:08.959 --> 00:06:14.000 I got it towed to Grace Church and just sat in the parking lot with the hood open in Grace Church for like three weeks, drying out. 00:06:14.319 --> 00:06:17.040 Pastor MacArthur kept looking at it, just shaking his head. 00:06:18.240 --> 00:06:20.160 Eventually I drained the water from the headlights. 00:06:20.240 --> 00:06:22.079 That car never resurrected. 00:06:22.399 --> 00:06:26.480 And it was replaced with a new car. 00:06:27.279 --> 00:06:30.720 The first new car I ever had in my life. 00:06:30.879 --> 00:06:38.079 My dad works in the car business, and he uh was kind of against new cars, just on general principle, because of the way the value dropped. 00:06:38.160 --> 00:06:42.160 But he wanted me when I graduated seminary to have my first new car. 00:06:42.240 --> 00:06:44.480 And so he bought me a new car. 00:06:44.639 --> 00:06:46.399 It was new, not like the old one. 00:06:46.480 --> 00:06:48.480 It was not merely a replacement. 00:06:48.720 --> 00:06:55.040 It was new in kind, it was new in quantity, it like actually, or in quality, it actually got me places on time. 00:06:55.199 --> 00:06:57.279 It was new from the inside out. 00:06:57.920 --> 00:07:00.240 It was resurrected, kind of new. 00:07:00.800 --> 00:07:11.839 I want you to keep that distinction in your mind as we work ourselves through Hebrews chapter 8 tonight, because Hebrews chapter 8 is going to end with the word new down in verse 13 and speaking of a new covenant. 00:07:11.920 --> 00:07:20.959 And so it is worth you asking as we go through Hebrews chapter 8 tonight, working our way to verse 13, what kind of new are we talking about here? 00:07:21.759 --> 00:07:26.240 Are we talking merely about an upgrade from the old iPhone to the new iPhone? 00:07:26.560 --> 00:07:32.079 Are we talking merely about new, like you had a Coke Zero this afternoon, now there's a new one? 00:07:32.959 --> 00:07:39.519 Or are we talking about a fundamentally new covenant, like you got a new car to replace the broken down one? 00:07:39.600 --> 00:07:42.079 Or Coke Zero has been re-engineered kind of new. 00:07:42.480 --> 00:07:47.199 You want to think through as you're reading through this, what kind of new are we talking about? 00:07:47.600 --> 00:07:50.800 I'm gonna give you an outline as we go through this to help you see this. 00:07:51.279 --> 00:07:53.839 We have five improvements in the upgrade here. 00:07:54.319 --> 00:07:58.240 Five improvements in the upgrade that we're gonna see in Hebrews chapter eight. 00:07:58.399 --> 00:08:10.800 And the first of those improvements we find in verses one and two, the location of this new promise, this new covenant, the location is new between the new and the old. 00:08:11.199 --> 00:08:12.560 Hebrews 8, verse 1. 00:08:12.639 --> 00:08:16.319 The point in what we were saying is this, and Paul is summarizing all of chapter 7. 00:08:16.560 --> 00:08:26.959 When you talk about the priest Melchizedek, you can get stuck in the Melchizedekian swamp once you start going down Melchizedek theology, and there are people that fall into a swamp of Melchizedek and never emerge. 00:08:27.360 --> 00:08:32.240 And so Paul is summing up chapter 7 for us, with chapter 8, verse 1. 00:08:32.399 --> 00:08:42.399 The point of what he was saying in chapter 7 is this we have a high priest, one who's seated at the right hand of the throne of the majesty in heaven. 00:08:42.639 --> 00:08:52.799 He is describing a contrast between the Levitical priesthood that's given in the Torah and the Melchizedekian priesthood. 00:08:52.960 --> 00:08:57.440 And Jesus, Paul's point, is he is a priest like Melchizedek. 00:08:57.679 --> 00:09:00.240 He is in that sense a new kind of priest. 00:09:00.480 --> 00:09:06.080 He is not a priest like from the tribe of Levi, from the family of Aaron. 00:09:06.240 --> 00:09:08.960 He's not from that genealogy. 00:09:09.200 --> 00:09:10.559 He's different than that. 00:09:10.720 --> 00:09:20.240 And the point of that is he's different because, look at verse 8, chapter 8, verse 1, he is seated at the right hand of the throne in the majesty of the majesty in heaven. 00:09:20.559 --> 00:09:26.240 So Jesus right now, Paul's point is, is seated in heaven right now. 00:09:27.679 --> 00:09:32.399 This is a contrast between the priests of the old covenant. 00:09:32.879 --> 00:09:54.080 The old covenant, of course, is the law given by God through Moses to Israel to regulate the lives of the lives of the Israelites from the time they received the law at the beginning of the wilderness wanderings to the 40 years of the wilderness wanderings into Israel, and it was to be a schoolmaster that would watch over them until the Savior came. 00:09:54.639 --> 00:09:56.240 The law was the tutor. 00:09:56.320 --> 00:10:00.080 It was the law that was supposed to teach them their own sin, break them down, and lead them to Christ. 00:10:00.159 --> 00:10:02.000 That's the old covenant law. 00:10:02.720 --> 00:10:04.159 It regulated how they lived. 00:10:04.240 --> 00:10:06.960 It had the moral commands, the Ten Commandments, of course, are part of that. 00:10:07.279 --> 00:10:10.799 It was essentially the first five books of the Bible. 00:10:10.960 --> 00:10:13.600 That's the law that was given to Israel. 00:10:13.840 --> 00:10:26.320 That law describes the priesthood, making the tribe of Levi, one of the tribes of Israel, a priestly family, a priestly tribe, the high priest being Aaron, of course, and it would be his descendants that would function in that capacity. 00:10:26.480 --> 00:10:27.919 That's the old covenant law. 00:10:28.080 --> 00:10:34.799 When Jesus comes around and launches the New Testament, Jesus comes as the Messiah, the one sent from heaven to earth. 00:10:34.960 --> 00:10:40.240 When he comes, he comes with a newness to him, bringing a new covenant. 00:10:40.399 --> 00:10:48.159 So the question is, is this new covenant that Jesus brings, is it merely an upgrade of the old covenant or is a fundamental renewal of it? 00:10:48.320 --> 00:10:52.000 And the first place we see this distinction is right here. 00:10:53.120 --> 00:10:57.679 That Jesus is seated in heaven at the right hand of God. 00:10:57.840 --> 00:11:03.360 Now you are supposed to contrast in your mind what happened to the old covenant priests. 00:11:03.519 --> 00:11:06.399 Did any of them ever go into heaven? 00:11:08.320 --> 00:11:12.080 Not while they were priests, not while they were ministering, that's for sure. 00:11:12.960 --> 00:11:15.279 This is all described in detail in chapter 9. 00:11:15.360 --> 00:11:20.080 There's all these regulations in Hebrews 9 of what the high priest did. 00:11:20.399 --> 00:11:21.759 Look at Hebrews 9, verse 2. 00:11:21.840 --> 00:11:31.440 There was a tent that was prepared, and there's a lampstand, and there's a table, and there's a bread of the presence, and it's called the holy place, and there's a second curtain with a second section called the Most Holy Place. 00:11:31.600 --> 00:11:36.960 And verse 4 of Hebrews 9, there's the golden altar of incense, the ark of the covenant covered in all sides with gold. 00:11:37.039 --> 00:11:41.679 It's the golden urn, it's holding the manna, and Aaron's staff that budded, the tablets of the covenant. 00:11:41.840 --> 00:11:46.080 Above them, you got the angels looking down, all you know, angry, overshadowing the mercy seats. 00:11:46.159 --> 00:11:48.240 And I mean, of these things we can't speak in detail. 00:11:48.320 --> 00:11:50.480 I love it when Paul says that after describing things in detail. 00:11:50.559 --> 00:11:51.840 It's incredible. 00:11:52.639 --> 00:11:55.919 I mean, that's the imagery, the landscape there of the Holy of Holies. 00:11:56.000 --> 00:11:58.799 And you'll notice what is missing is a chair. 00:11:58.960 --> 00:12:00.399 There's no place to sit. 00:12:00.639 --> 00:12:02.639 The priest is not hanging out in there. 00:12:02.960 --> 00:12:08.399 The priest goes in, ministers, and gets out of town while he has his life with him. 00:12:10.080 --> 00:12:12.480 There's a sense of urgency to it. 00:12:12.720 --> 00:12:17.120 The priest did not have unfettered access to God's presence. 00:12:17.279 --> 00:12:17.919 He would walk. 00:12:18.240 --> 00:12:21.440 Originally, remember the law originally describes a tent. 00:12:22.240 --> 00:12:23.759 And the tent is a great translation. 00:12:23.840 --> 00:12:24.639 It was portable. 00:12:24.720 --> 00:12:29.440 People would break it down, pack it up, the priest would carry it, and they'd reset it up. 00:12:30.320 --> 00:12:32.240 Had flimsy sides to it. 00:12:32.399 --> 00:12:33.120 It's a tent. 00:12:33.279 --> 00:12:37.840 The tent of meeting was called the tent of meeting because Moses went in there to meet with Yahweh. 00:12:37.919 --> 00:12:43.759 The high priest could go in there, but once a year, eventually they make a temple which takes the place of the tent. 00:12:44.000 --> 00:12:47.279 But even the temple is on earth and it's got all these regulations to it. 00:12:47.440 --> 00:12:52.000 It is very much localized, and the priests don't have unfettered access to it. 00:12:52.080 --> 00:12:53.600 It's on earth. 00:12:54.639 --> 00:12:57.360 It gets destroyed, but you can get on an airplane. 00:12:57.440 --> 00:12:59.919 Some of you, I know, Pastor Steve's going this week. 00:13:00.240 --> 00:13:07.519 You can get on a plane and fly to the Middle East, get off in Tel Aviv, take your bus all the way up to Jerusalem and go to where the temple used to be. 00:13:07.600 --> 00:13:08.399 There's even a tunnel underground. 00:13:08.480 --> 00:13:10.080 You can find one of the old rocks. 00:13:10.399 --> 00:13:12.799 Cool cornerstone of the old temple sitting there. 00:13:12.960 --> 00:13:14.480 And you can go see it. 00:13:15.919 --> 00:13:19.519 That's the way the old covenant priests ministered. 00:13:19.679 --> 00:13:28.320 Very localized, transient, temporary, with no access to heaven. 00:13:29.039 --> 00:13:39.120 What a contrast with Jesus in chapter 8, verse 1, who is seated at the right hand of the throne of the majesty in heaven. 00:13:39.279 --> 00:13:40.240 He's already up there. 00:13:40.320 --> 00:13:41.840 Look at chapter 8, verse 2. 00:13:41.919 --> 00:13:46.399 He's a minister in the holy places in the true tent that the Lord set up, not man. 00:13:46.559 --> 00:13:51.759 So if Jesus is a high priest, that means he has access to the tent of meeting because he meets with God. 00:13:52.000 --> 00:14:01.120 Jesus doesn't just have access to the tent of meeting, he's got a way better tent in heaven where he sits down in God's presence always and forever. 00:14:01.279 --> 00:14:02.960 He's the eternally begotten Son of God. 00:14:03.120 --> 00:14:04.480 He's the very image of God. 00:14:04.639 --> 00:14:07.919 He has the fullness of deity dwells in him. 00:14:08.720 --> 00:14:10.320 He is the eternal Son of God. 00:14:10.399 --> 00:14:12.159 And so, of course, he has access to God. 00:14:12.320 --> 00:14:15.759 He doesn't need the code to get into the tent. 00:14:15.840 --> 00:14:16.799 It's his tent. 00:14:16.960 --> 00:14:20.639 Where God dwells, Jesus dwells because Jesus is God. 00:14:20.879 --> 00:14:21.759 That's the image here. 00:14:21.919 --> 00:14:27.600 Do you see just the fundamental distinction between this and the promises of the Old Covenant? 00:14:29.039 --> 00:14:32.240 The Old Covenant priests went to work every Sabbath. 00:14:32.639 --> 00:14:35.440 They sacrificed the Passover lambs every year. 00:14:35.679 --> 00:14:38.720 They separated the scapegoat every year. 00:14:38.879 --> 00:14:41.759 They did this, the same sacrifices over and over again. 00:14:41.919 --> 00:14:42.960 They never rested. 00:14:43.039 --> 00:14:44.879 There was no rest for these priests. 00:14:45.120 --> 00:14:46.159 It was constant work. 00:14:46.399 --> 00:14:50.000 Sabbath was the day of rest, and that was the busiest day for the priests. 00:14:50.799 --> 00:14:52.320 And Jesus says that in Matthew 12. 00:14:52.480 --> 00:14:54.799 The priests worked on the Sabbath, and yet they're faultless. 00:14:54.879 --> 00:15:02.000 What a contrast with Jesus who rests, who sits down in God's presence. 00:15:02.320 --> 00:15:07.679 Hebrews begins that way in Hebrews chapter 1, verse 3, describing Jesus as the very image of God. 00:15:08.000 --> 00:15:09.919 You don't need to flip there, I can read it for you. 00:15:10.000 --> 00:15:11.360 It's the very beginning of Hebrews. 00:15:11.519 --> 00:15:12.639 Hebrews 1 verse 3. 00:15:12.720 --> 00:15:16.080 He's the radiance of the glory of God, the exact imprint of his nature. 00:15:16.240 --> 00:15:18.720 He upholds the universe by the word of his power. 00:15:18.799 --> 00:15:20.000 I mean, that's lofty language. 00:15:20.080 --> 00:15:24.799 He's the very image of God, the radiance of his nature, and all things are held together by him. 00:15:26.240 --> 00:15:27.279 Next sentence. 00:15:32.080 --> 00:15:33.039 What a contrast. 00:15:33.200 --> 00:15:37.200 He's holding the whole universe together, but he's not sweating. 00:15:37.600 --> 00:15:48.320 He's holding all things together because he's the radiance of God, the image of God, and he's sitting down because his work is complete. 00:15:51.200 --> 00:15:54.399 It describes in verse 2 a tent made in heaven. 00:15:55.039 --> 00:15:58.559 The true tent that the Lord set up. 00:16:00.080 --> 00:16:02.080 It's an interesting turn of phrase there. 00:16:02.240 --> 00:16:03.519 The Lord set it up. 00:16:04.879 --> 00:16:06.559 Have you ever tried to set up a tent? 00:16:07.519 --> 00:16:08.960 Have you ever tried and quit? 00:16:09.200 --> 00:16:10.720 That's a very common experience. 00:16:12.399 --> 00:16:19.440 You're like halfway through and you're like, oh this is I have a bed, I have a mortgage, I don't need to camp, forget this. 00:16:20.480 --> 00:16:24.159 They were packing up the tent and moving it around the wilderness repeatedly. 00:16:26.080 --> 00:16:31.279 Whereas God sets up a tent that's his own very presence. 00:16:31.440 --> 00:16:33.519 He's talking about the throne room of heaven. 00:16:34.639 --> 00:16:36.000 Not made with hands. 00:16:36.799 --> 00:16:39.519 I mean, that's a pretty severe contrast. 00:16:39.840 --> 00:16:40.879 Look at verse 2. 00:16:41.200 --> 00:16:42.159 Not man. 00:16:42.320 --> 00:16:44.480 The Lord set it up the last phrase in verse 2. 00:16:44.720 --> 00:16:45.759 Not man. 00:16:46.799 --> 00:16:49.120 You don't get much more of a contrast than that. 00:16:49.279 --> 00:16:50.480 Here's another way of saying it. 00:16:50.639 --> 00:16:54.879 The tent that the high priest ministered in in the Old Testament was part of creation. 00:16:55.120 --> 00:16:59.440 The tent that Jesus ministers in is not part of creation. 00:17:01.039 --> 00:17:03.519 It's a very fundamental distinction. 00:17:04.240 --> 00:17:05.839 So, first of all, the location. 00:17:06.000 --> 00:17:07.920 Secondly, the sacrifice. 00:17:08.799 --> 00:17:10.400 The sacrifice is distinct. 00:17:10.720 --> 00:17:15.279 The sacrifice of the old covenant priests were external to themselves. 00:17:15.519 --> 00:17:16.400 Look at verse 3. 00:17:16.559 --> 00:17:20.000 Every high priest is appointed to offer gifts and sacrifices. 00:17:20.960 --> 00:17:24.799 Thus, it's necessary for the priest to also have something to offer. 00:17:24.960 --> 00:17:28.079 The priest has to have the sacrifice. 00:17:28.640 --> 00:17:36.799 If the priest shows up to work and there's no lamb or goat or ram or bull, that priest is what you would call unemployed. 00:17:37.279 --> 00:17:39.920 He's there for the purpose of offering the sacrifice. 00:17:40.079 --> 00:17:42.400 People have got to, the worshippers have got to bring the sacrifice. 00:17:42.559 --> 00:17:44.000 The priest has to receive it. 00:17:44.160 --> 00:17:45.839 The priest then offers the sacrifice. 00:17:46.000 --> 00:17:48.880 These old covenant priests were practically butchers. 00:17:49.039 --> 00:17:53.440 When you read the description of the sacrifices in Exodus and Leviticus, there is blood all over the place. 00:17:53.920 --> 00:17:56.000 They're cutting these animals open. 00:17:56.079 --> 00:17:59.200 They're taking out the kidneys and the entrails and all that. 00:17:59.279 --> 00:18:02.960 They're burning the guts in one dish and offering the ashes there. 00:18:03.039 --> 00:18:10.240 They're putting the kidney and the uh the livers and those kind of liver and the those kind of organs in another dish and they're burning those ashes there. 00:18:10.319 --> 00:18:15.839 They're taking the meat, they have the wave offering, you know, they take the the loin of the animal and they wave that above their head. 00:18:16.000 --> 00:18:18.640 I mean, this is there is blood everywhere in this. 00:18:18.799 --> 00:18:20.000 There's a lot of work. 00:18:20.160 --> 00:18:23.440 The point is that the priest is laboring at the sacrifice. 00:18:23.680 --> 00:18:25.920 The sacrifice is external to himself. 00:18:26.079 --> 00:18:29.759 Someone has to bring it to him, and they can't just bring anything. 00:18:30.559 --> 00:18:33.200 Can't show up with a rabbit as your sacrifice. 00:18:34.240 --> 00:18:37.839 You can't show up with a cat as your sacrifice, although some of you might be tempted to. 00:18:39.279 --> 00:18:41.440 It's very prescribed. 00:18:41.680 --> 00:18:45.920 You bring this animal or that animal for this sin or that sin. 00:18:48.640 --> 00:18:55.200 The point is, it's appointed, verse 3, for the priest to do this. 00:18:55.599 --> 00:18:57.599 It is necessary, verse 3 says. 00:18:57.839 --> 00:18:58.960 They have to do this. 00:18:59.279 --> 00:19:03.200 No sacrifice, no offering, no forgiveness of sin. 00:19:03.359 --> 00:19:11.200 Without the shedding of blood, it is impossible to have the forgiveness of sins, and so the priest is dependent upon somebody providing a sacrifice. 00:19:11.359 --> 00:19:12.720 And you want to go big picture here. 00:19:12.880 --> 00:19:19.200 The priest isn't just dependent upon the worshipper providing a sacrifice, the priest is dependent upon the existence of animals. 00:19:19.680 --> 00:19:21.839 I mean, just trace that logic out for a second. 00:19:22.000 --> 00:19:25.440 If God didn't make animals, there would be no sacrifices for sins. 00:19:26.799 --> 00:19:33.920 The very first animal death, of course, was an animal put to death by the Lord to cover Adam and Eve. 00:19:34.559 --> 00:19:37.680 They had tried fig leaves, God makes them animal skins. 00:19:37.839 --> 00:19:38.640 On the ark. 00:19:38.960 --> 00:19:44.559 You know, Noah didn't just bring pairs of animals, he brought groups of animals so that he could sacrifice them when he got off. 00:19:44.720 --> 00:19:48.400 Animals were designed by God for sacrifice for sin. 00:19:50.160 --> 00:19:57.200 So this is more than just like a semantic point here when I say the priests are dependent upon God making animals for sacrifices. 00:19:57.359 --> 00:19:59.680 It's a very real point that you should consider. 00:19:59.839 --> 00:20:03.680 That God had to actually make animals in order for the priests to make sacrifices. 00:20:04.000 --> 00:20:08.799 This is going to be in contrast with Jesus. 00:20:10.079 --> 00:20:13.119 He doesn't need an animal to sacrifice. 00:20:13.279 --> 00:20:16.480 Verse 4, if he were on earth, he wouldn't be a priest at all. 00:20:18.319 --> 00:20:21.759 Since there are priests who offer gifts according to the law. 00:20:22.400 --> 00:20:30.400 First of all, if Jesus was just confined to his human identity, his human nature, he wouldn't be a priest. 00:20:30.799 --> 00:20:32.240 Because he's from the wrong tribe. 00:20:32.480 --> 00:20:33.599 He's from the tribe of Judah. 00:20:33.680 --> 00:20:34.480 They weren't priests. 00:20:34.720 --> 00:20:49.200 So a part of verse 4 is just saying, listen, if we're just talking, if Jesus is a human, and that's all, just his human nature born to Joseph, there's no there's no priestly ministry for him. 00:20:49.279 --> 00:20:50.720 He's not a priest. 00:20:51.359 --> 00:21:00.480 But there's a more complicated part of this in that if his priesthood stretches back to Melchizedek, which is the point of chapter 7, it's before Aaron. 00:21:00.640 --> 00:21:07.759 Melchizedek was on the earth before Aaron, before Moses, before Levi was even born, Melchizedek was a priest. 00:21:07.839 --> 00:21:09.920 So where did Melchizedek's priesthood come from? 00:21:10.079 --> 00:21:11.119 Well, it comes from heaven. 00:21:11.279 --> 00:21:17.119 Jesus is like the Melchizedek priesthood in that his priesthood originates in heaven. 00:21:17.359 --> 00:21:18.720 When did it originate? 00:21:18.880 --> 00:21:20.559 This is a very important question. 00:21:20.720 --> 00:21:23.119 When did Jesus become a priest? 00:21:23.599 --> 00:21:29.359 He became a priest when he was appointed by God, and this happens before creation. 00:21:29.519 --> 00:21:31.599 Psalm 110, verse 4. 00:21:32.160 --> 00:21:38.480 Yahweh declares to the Savior, you are a priest forever, in accordance with Melchizedek. 00:21:38.960 --> 00:21:47.599 So there is a declaration by God before time, the Father to the Son, the Son will be a priest forever. 00:21:49.200 --> 00:21:54.160 So Jesus was a priest before creation. 00:21:54.559 --> 00:21:59.279 Which, if you're tracking with the logic here, that means Jesus was a priest. 00:22:00.319 --> 00:22:02.480 Before animals were made. 00:22:03.599 --> 00:22:05.359 That's not just a secondary point. 00:22:05.440 --> 00:22:07.680 It gets to the nature of his ministry. 00:22:07.920 --> 00:22:16.799 If you have to have the animal to be the priest, and Jesus is a priest before there are animals, then in what sense is he a priest? 00:22:16.960 --> 00:22:22.079 If the priest is offering sacrifices, what sacrifice does Jesus have to offer? 00:22:22.559 --> 00:22:25.200 And the point is that he offers himself. 00:22:26.960 --> 00:22:28.319 The sacrifice is required. 00:22:28.480 --> 00:22:30.240 Jesus offers himself. 00:22:30.960 --> 00:22:32.480 That's what he brings to God. 00:22:33.680 --> 00:22:36.240 His very own body, his own life. 00:22:36.480 --> 00:22:41.599 This is a fundamentally different and a new sacrifice over the old covenant. 00:22:41.680 --> 00:22:46.720 The old covenant was the animals, Jesus comes, he himself is the Passover lamb. 00:22:48.079 --> 00:22:50.000 It's just a better sacrifice. 00:22:51.200 --> 00:22:54.079 Number three, the execution. 00:22:54.960 --> 00:22:56.720 The execution of this. 00:22:57.680 --> 00:23:00.079 Verse 4, or sorry, verse 5. 00:23:00.319 --> 00:23:04.880 Those things serve as a copy and a shadow of the heavenly things. 00:23:05.119 --> 00:23:11.759 When Moses was about to erect the tent, he was instructed by God saying, See to it that you make everything according to the pattern that was shown you on the mountain. 00:23:12.000 --> 00:23:18.000 So I don't really know what that means when Yahweh tells Moses you have to follow the pattern. 00:23:18.079 --> 00:23:19.839 So I don't know if Moses had a vision. 00:23:20.160 --> 00:23:25.599 Some commentators say Moses had a vision of what the tabernacle was supposed to look like. 00:23:25.759 --> 00:23:33.359 I don't know if the pattern is what's described in the law, because the law does have pretty uh express measurements and descriptions of what the temple should be like. 00:23:33.440 --> 00:23:35.200 I don't know, I don't know what that means. 00:23:35.279 --> 00:23:40.319 If it was a vision he saw, or if God is using the word vision here to describe the law that he had. 00:23:40.559 --> 00:23:44.319 The point is, Moses didn't wasn't his own architect. 00:23:44.559 --> 00:23:46.400 Moses didn't design the building himself. 00:23:46.559 --> 00:23:52.000 Moses didn't say, I'd be good for, I'd like the drape to be over here, and I'd like it to be this color, and I'd like pomegranates over there. 00:23:52.160 --> 00:23:54.319 Moses didn't get to make those decisions. 00:23:55.279 --> 00:24:04.240 There was a pattern that was before Moses, so everything in the tent is copied off of something that preexisted the law. 00:24:05.839 --> 00:24:07.279 And that makes sense. 00:24:08.240 --> 00:24:18.000 If the building's pattern, you know, if a building is going to be built after something, the plans are before the building. 00:24:19.599 --> 00:24:25.759 So the point here is that the old covenant law is a pattern of something. 00:24:26.319 --> 00:24:30.160 It's pointing at something that is before it. 00:24:30.400 --> 00:24:32.480 And it's pointing at something that's after it, that's obvious. 00:24:32.559 --> 00:24:33.279 It's pointing to Christ. 00:24:33.359 --> 00:24:36.319 The old covenant law points forward to Christ. 00:24:36.799 --> 00:24:43.759 But when Jesus comes, notice that Jesus doesn't come merely as the one that is expanding the old covenant. 00:24:43.839 --> 00:24:49.359 He doesn't come merely as the one who's kind of taking over the old covenant and filling, you know, coloring it in, although he does do that. 00:24:49.440 --> 00:24:51.839 He does give the color and bring the old covenant to life. 00:24:51.920 --> 00:24:53.359 But that's not merely what he's doing. 00:24:53.519 --> 00:24:57.200 He's coming as the one who is before the old covenant. 00:24:57.519 --> 00:25:00.240 He is what the old covenant was copied off of. 00:25:00.400 --> 00:25:05.039 So in that sense, Jesus is not merely the expansion, he is the pattern itself. 00:25:05.279 --> 00:25:08.079 He is what the whole thing was designed off of. 00:25:10.960 --> 00:25:14.400 Verse 5, see that you make everything according to the pattern that was shown to you in the mountain. 00:25:14.480 --> 00:25:16.480 That's what Moses was commanded. 00:25:16.559 --> 00:25:19.440 But Jesus is the original. 00:25:20.480 --> 00:25:22.480 He is not part of creation. 00:25:24.079 --> 00:25:27.279 And so he's better than the old covenant. 00:25:27.440 --> 00:25:32.000 Number four, the result that the new covenant brings. 00:25:32.880 --> 00:25:34.000 Verse 6. 00:25:34.799 --> 00:25:42.079 But as it is, Christ has obtained a ministry that is much more excellent than the old, as the old covenant. 00:25:43.200 --> 00:25:47.920 Because the covenant that Christ mediates is better because it's enacted on better promises. 00:25:48.880 --> 00:25:51.519 So that's kind of the thrust where Paul's going here. 00:25:51.680 --> 00:25:55.599 The new covenant is better than the old for all the reasons I gave you. 00:25:55.680 --> 00:25:57.039 I mean, I gave you three reasons already. 00:25:57.119 --> 00:26:00.400 It's, you know, in heaven, it's Jesus Himself, He's the original. 00:26:01.039 --> 00:26:05.039 But here's the here's the real, here's the real heart of the issue here. 00:26:05.359 --> 00:26:11.920 That the new covenant is better than the old because it has better promises than the old covenant has. 00:26:12.079 --> 00:26:15.279 So what promises does the old covenant have? 00:26:16.720 --> 00:26:19.359 When Paul says that, what is he talking about? 00:26:19.519 --> 00:26:23.599 Well, I think he's talking about the failure that is embedded in the old covenant. 00:26:23.680 --> 00:26:26.720 That the old covenant cannot change the human heart. 00:26:26.880 --> 00:26:28.799 The old covenant can convict you of sin. 00:26:28.960 --> 00:26:32.319 The old covenant can break you down, it can constrain sin in the world. 00:26:32.400 --> 00:26:36.799 You know, you follow the old covenant, it'll reign in murderers, it'll reign in evildoers. 00:26:37.039 --> 00:26:40.640 The old covenant can do good things, it can watch over Israel until the Savior comes. 00:26:40.799 --> 00:26:47.920 Paul's not saying the old covenant is worthless or that it is, you know, totally broken, but he is saying it has some pretty serious faults to it. 00:26:48.000 --> 00:26:51.279 And the word fault is the word that Paul uses himself. 00:26:52.720 --> 00:26:54.079 He describes them as faults. 00:26:54.160 --> 00:26:54.960 Look at verse 8. 00:26:55.119 --> 00:26:59.119 He finds fault with them when he says the following. 00:26:59.200 --> 00:26:59.839 Or verse 7. 00:27:00.000 --> 00:27:03.839 If the first covenant had been faultless, there'd be no occasion to look for a second. 00:27:04.079 --> 00:27:06.079 So fault is the word that Paul uses. 00:27:06.240 --> 00:27:09.039 Paul's saying the old covenant had faults with it. 00:27:09.200 --> 00:27:11.039 There were things that were wrong with it. 00:27:11.279 --> 00:27:13.599 Again, he's not laying moral blame on the old covenant. 00:27:13.680 --> 00:27:15.680 The old covenant wasn't morally bad. 00:27:15.920 --> 00:27:17.759 Paul answers that in Romans. 00:27:18.319 --> 00:27:20.880 Was the old covenant sinful or wrong? 00:27:21.039 --> 00:27:23.759 Of course not, because it broke you and prepared you for Christ. 00:27:23.839 --> 00:27:24.960 It showed you that you were a sinner. 00:27:25.039 --> 00:27:27.119 The old covenant accomplished all kinds of things. 00:27:27.279 --> 00:27:29.920 But think about the nature of the things that it accomplished. 00:27:30.079 --> 00:27:34.400 It showed you how wrong you were, but it couldn't fix you. 00:27:35.279 --> 00:27:41.039 I love James's illustration, which Paul also uses in 1 Corinthians of the law as a mirror. 00:27:41.519 --> 00:27:43.759 It can show you how disheveled you are. 00:27:43.920 --> 00:27:49.359 It can show you that you need to shave, but you cannot shave using only the mirror. 00:27:49.599 --> 00:27:52.079 You can't take it off and rub it against your face to shave. 00:27:52.160 --> 00:27:53.920 You can look in the mirror like, oh, I need to fix my hair. 00:27:54.000 --> 00:27:54.960 I need to straighten my hair. 00:27:55.119 --> 00:27:58.079 But you cannot use the mirror to straighten your hair. 00:27:58.720 --> 00:28:00.160 That's what the law would do. 00:28:00.319 --> 00:28:03.440 And in some sense, that is a fault with the law. 00:28:03.599 --> 00:28:04.880 It's not made to do that. 00:28:04.960 --> 00:28:05.680 It's not designed to do that. 00:28:06.079 --> 00:28:07.279 It doesn't promise to do that. 00:28:07.839 --> 00:28:08.640 That's the key point. 00:28:08.880 --> 00:28:12.880 The law does not promise to shave you. 00:28:13.200 --> 00:28:21.279 The law doesn't promise to straighten out your hair, or more to the point, the law doesn't promise to regenerate you. 00:28:22.480 --> 00:28:25.599 The law doesn't promise to forgive you your sins. 00:28:26.640 --> 00:28:38.480 The law doesn't promise to make a people that transcend every tribe and nation and language that bring the gospel globally. 00:28:39.200 --> 00:28:40.799 The law doesn't promise that. 00:28:42.079 --> 00:28:44.079