The Alien Among You
Have you ever felt like an alien on Earth? Do you look at things we do on Earth and think, "Why do we do these things?" Why do we let hoards of wealth concentrate on a few individuals while others starve? Why are we actively killing our precious ecosystems, the things that literally keep us alive? Well if you have, you're like me. You're an alien looking in on the human race. Let's explore what we see when we take this perspective. Let's turn our every day on its head.
In this podcast, the team at The Alien Among You will explore evidence-based arguments for why we think some things that we do on Earth make no sense, then look into ways we can improve our planet for all, and have some fun doing it along the way. To try and keep things fresh, will have several types of episodes. Some short-form episodes will look at cool Earth things. Longer episodes will explore an aspect of Earth that makes no sense to us and how we can change it. We will invite experts on for interviews to give us their views and criticisms on topics that we have covered. And finally, we will have guests that just want to have some fun!
So stick around fellow Aliens, lets make the world a better place and have a blast doing it!
-The Alien Among You
The Alien Among You
Alien Confusion: EVs and Why They Make Sense
Use Left/Right to seek, Home/End to jump to start or end. Hold shift to jump forward or backward.
In North America, we are starting to see EVs more and more commonly. But we are still behind: The rest of the world is pulling ahead in this regard at an alarming rate. And yet, so many North-Americans still have their heads burried in the sand of innacurate EV myths.
As the world is rapidly transitioning to electric passenger vehicles, we explore all the ways that electric cars make sense and tradiotnal gas cars don't.
Hint: We kind of need them ASAP to keep the planet liveable at this point.
Enjoy!
-The Alien Among You
TAAY – AC – Evs
Original transcript
Bibliography At the end
Hello and welcome to the third episode of the The Alien Among You – the show where we try to look at life on earth through the eyes of an alien. If an alien came to earth and looked at everything we do without the biases, emotions and trends that we have, what would they think makes sense and doesn’t make sense from a logical perspective? Basically to look at human life the way Mr. Spok would.
Personally, I have often felt like this proverbial “alien” throughout my life – so many things that we do as humans make no sense to me. Why do we allow many of our species to starve? Why are we actively destroying our own planet and ecosystems, the very things that literally keep us alive?
Why do we allow extreme wealth to concentrate on a very small subset of the population? The list goes on and on, which is why we started this show! I want the chance to write about them all. If you’ve also felt this way before, this is the perfect show for you!
And if you know anyone who is also quote-unquote an “alien” in this way, please tell them about our show! We can only make a difference if we spread the word and spread the “alien” way of thinking. We are also trying to create a podcast with wide appeal –
this means many different types of episodes, not just one. This hopefully provides regular listeners with some much needed variation and less regular listeners can just pick and choose the episodes that fit you well.
But enough about our show, Today we will look at electric vehicles, or better known as EVs –
an issue that when you look at the number should just really not be an issue. I will explore the alien perspective as to why driving EVs and the global transition to EVs make sense.
A little disclaimer before we start. Anyone who knows me knows that I love EVs and thus I am quite biased when making the case for EVs. I think they represent a level of innovation we haven’t seen in the auto industry in many years.
They are also a symbol and beacon of hope for the transition to a green economy. Of course, not using cars and using bikes, taking public transit and walking in well-designed cities is even better for the environment – but that’s a subject for another episode. But being a car lover myself, I suspect cars will always be part of our global transportation ecosystem and thus we should also strive to make them as green as possible.
First of all, some basic definitions that need to be addressed. There are many types of cars currently available in any global market and we will go through the different ones and define them all just so we all clear on that.
First there are classic gas cars which are driven and powered entirely by fossil fuels. Then we have hybrid cars, these cars use a combination of electric power with an electric motor and gas-powered for its mobility to improve overall efficiency when compared to a basic gas car.
They tend to have a small battery that is typically charged only by the gas motor or during braking. This is relatively old technology with the first hybrid sold in North America being the Toyota Prius back in 1999.
These cars cannot go any meaningful distance using only electricity. It depends on the brand and how they have engineered the inner workings of their hybrids, but usually both engines will work at the same time to propel the car.
Due to the increased efficiency of the electric motor, this leads to less emissions when compared to a gas only vehicle. Although, I have to say that the savings in emissions is pretty minor compared to other technologies such as electric cars, but more on that later.
Then we have something called PLUG-in hybrids – so this is different than regular hybrids. These cars also have a gas-powered engine and an electric motor but they tend to also have a significant battery onboard to be able to drive on electricity only. Remember that with the hybrid you can’t really drive on electricity only.
The point of these cars is to have the best of both worlds so to speak- the option to drive some distance, maybe a work commute for example, using only electricity to save some money and for the environmental benefits.
But also having a gas engine to have no range anxiety (although we will go over range anxiety later to show how silly this worry actually is).
The average plug-in hybrid can drive 45-90km (30-60 miles) on all electric power which should be enough for most people's daily commute. And finally we have the battery electric vehicles or the BEVs.
These cars drive solely on electric, no gas at all. These cars will obviously have a big battery in them to power the car. They will have a typical driving range of 370km-600km (230-370 miles), probably averaging around 480km (300 miles) for some of the best offerings on the market to upwards of 850km (500 miles) for some of the most expensive offerings.
Ok so now that we have those definitions out of the way, lets talk about the crux as to why electric cars make sense: efficiency. When it comes to electric cars, the main reason they make sense for the world is pretty much always linked to efficiency. And to understand how efficient they are, you have to understand how inefficient gas cars are.
When it comes to energy in an electric car, the unit of measurement that we use is called the kilowatthour. It sounds weird I know, it sounds confusing because it kind of sounds like a measure of time. We won’t go over the naming convention but I want you to think of it just like a litre or a gallon in the tank of a gas car. Your gas car has a 30 gallon tank let’s say, well this EV, in the exact same way, has a 80 kwh battery for example.
Ok now that we understand that, let’s go over some simple numbers. In a gas car, this may be hard to believe, but only about 18-25% of the energy held in the bonds of the gasoline are ever used to move your car forward.
Most of the energy released by burning the gasoline in your engine is lost as heat. Now some of that heat is typically reused to heat your cabin which is good, but still at least 70% of the energy in that gasoline is never used for anything meaningful, it’s lost.
It’s lost during the tiny explosions themselves in the cylinders but also lost as friction, which also generates heat, in the million moving parts and gears that are typically in a gas vehicle.
On the other hand, in an electric vehicle, about 80-90% of the energy stored in the battery actually ends up moving your car. This means a loss of energy of only 10-20%. This makes an electric car much, MUCH more efficient than a gas car.
There is another way to visualize this - Let’s put in terms of gas: 4 litres, or one gallon, of gasoline caries the equivalent energy of about 37.5 KhW of energy. Which means that 8 litres, or 2 gallons, caries about 75 KHW of energy –
these are rough estimates but they are pretty close. Well my electric car happens to have a battery of 75 kwh – once again the approximate equivalent of 8 litres of gasoline in terms of energy.
Guess how far I can drive on a full battery: During the fall, spring or summer, on the highway I can go about 400 km, and in the city about 500 km on a full charge.
In the winter that number drops by about 30-40 % here in Alberta ( and we will talk about this drop in range in the winter later on in the episode) which is still a range of about 280 km. So essentially, my electric car can drive 450 km on average on the energy that is contained in 8 litres of gasoline. How far can YOUR gas car drive on that much gas?
Maybe 60 miles or 100 km if you have an average car – or worse if your gas is particularly bad on gas. That’s how much more efficient an electric car is when compared to a gas car. 450 km or 100 km on the same amount of energy.
Another way to express this would be in gas efficiency equivalents. The average Canadian gas vehicle uses 8.9 L/100km (and this is including hybrids) while the average electric car has an efficiency of around 2.5 eL/100 km. I’ll repeat that again, 8.9 l/100mk vs 2.5 el/100 for the electric car.
And this is even when considering that a good portion of the electricity used in electric cars are still produced with fossil fuels.
In terms Americans will understand, the average gas car has an efficiency of 25 MPG and the average electric car gets around 100 eMPG.
So, there are many myths out there about EVs and one of the persistent ones is that they are somehow worse for the environment than gas cars. Well I can tell you that every credible academic source that ever looked at this dispels this myth:
EVs are much better for the environment than gas, hybrid or plug in hybrid cars. And the reason for this should be clear now: they are simply the efficiency kings. The more efficient you are and the less energy you use to do whatever you are doing, in this case driving, the better you will be for the environment.
It’s the same reason that installing new windows and getting better insulation in your house is better for the climate – its because its more energy efficient. Same thing for heat pumps vs natural gas or other forms of heating for your house – once again its better for the environment because it uses less energy.
Electric cars are not worse for the environment, they are better, solely because they use less energy to do what we need them to do, which is drive.
To be fair, one part of the myth stated above is in fact true – at this moment in time, and with our current technologies, it does produce more carbon dioxide to manufacture an electric car than a gas car.
The materials needed for the battery, and the manufacturing of the battery is the likely culprit of this. But since electric cars have no tailpipe emissions and are so efficient with the energy that they use, after 2-3 years of average driving, they make up the difference in carbon dioxide emissions.
For any more miles that the car is driven past this 2-3 year mark, they just keep getting better in terms of emissions. Over their entire lifecycle, they will pollute 2-3 times less carbon dioxide and other pollutants than an equivalent gas car. Again, this is still true when considering that a good portion of our electricity production is still tied to fossil fuels today.
Coming back to the battery, people always get stuck on this one. They love to point out that battery production and mining of the critical materials is bad for the environment.
I don’t disagree with this and we have a lot of room to improve in this area in terms of reducing harm and pollution. BUT people talk about this as if producing gasoline for gas cars is not damaging to the environment as well. IT IS. It’s very damaging to the environment, you’ve just never been forced to think about that much.
But when you produce gas for vehicles, you release and produce carbon dioxide getting the oil out of the ground, then you produce more during the refinement process. Then you need to produce carbon dioxide to move that fuel around and get into the hands of consumers (by using pipelines, trains, large trucks).
This is already super inefficient and damaging to the environment but then you put the gas in your car and continue to produce tailpipe emissions for the entire lifecycle of the car. So focusing on the harm that battery production has the environment while ignoring the harm that we already causing with our current system, is not a great counter-argument to electric cars.
And good news – the production of electric cars will only get better in terms of pollution. Multiple companies around the world, including one in the U.S called Red Wood materials have successfully found a process to recycle 97% of battery materials to use in new batteries. This will already reduce the carbon cost of creating an electric car but the more carbon-neutral electricity is used in these factories, the greener the process of making EV will get.
This ties in well with a common criticism that people have of EVs, and that is that some of the electricity used in EV’s is still being produced by burning fossil fuels. I don’t dispute this, this is the case – although it is changing rapidly everywhere in the world, even in the hellscape that is Trump-LAND USA. First of all, like we just talked about, electric cars are so efficient with the energy that they use, even with dirty electricity production, electric cars pollute less than gas cars.
On top of this, gas cars have an inherent limit to how efficient they can be, they will always be producing carbon because of their very nature: they burn hydrocarbons to move. But electric cars have the potential to become carbon neutral. As the world continues it’s transition to clean energy production, electric cars will only get cleaner and cleaner every day.
Even if electric cars polluted more than gas cars, which I will stress THEY DO NOT, just the fact that they have the potential to become greener would still make EVs make sense. This point makes this criticism seem especially short sighted.
When the subject of EV’s come up, invariably someone also tells me… well what about hydrogen cars? Why can’t we just go that direction. It’s an interesting thought for sure. After all, hydrogen does sound cool – the thought of a car that burns this gas and only produces heat and water as by products? Sounds like magic!
I also want hydrogen to make sense, but it unfortunately doesn’t when it comes to passenger cars. It has many downsides that make electric cars seem much more appealing.
First, burning hydrogen for movement has the same problem as burning gasoline for movement. It’s incredibly inefficient because once again, a whole bunch of energy is lost as heat. Althought it has efficiencies of 20-30%, compared to the gas car of 18-25%
It also does release some nitrous oxides which can indirectly act as greenhouse gases.
The efficiency can be greatly improved if the hydrogen is used to fuel hydrogen fuel cells and create electricity to run electric motors.
But still has a theoretical max of 50-60% efficiency, with real-world tests showing lower numbers than that.
Once again, I know I am beating you over the head with efficiency talk, but only considering this difference in efficiency makes the case for EVs over hydrogen cars. There are many other reasons that hydrogen cars is a dead end.
Currently, the only efficient way to produce hydrogen releases significant amounts of carbon dioxide. it’s called gas reforming and is know as grey hydrogen production.
There is green way to produce hydrogen (it’s called electrolysis), but it’s not super quick and is harder to scale. Then there are issues with storing the gas, both inside the vehicle and outside the vehicle.
Since hydrogen is not as energy dense as gasoline and is less efficiency than using an EV, the tank in the car would have to be relatively large to get the ranges we are accustomed to in EVs and gas cars.
Storing the hydrogen at a gas stations also presents several challenges, mainly cost and safety challenges.
I will say that there are commercial applications for burning hydrogen for power that may end up making sense, such as for industrial processes, but for passenger cars, the case is pretty much shut at this point. Electric cars are just such a better alternative AND good electric cars are already on the market.
Another concern that people have with electric cars is range anxiety. I have two things to point out that will quell these concerns. First, most people do not need nearly as much range as they think they do to function normally with their vehicle.
The average daily driving distance for Canadians is about 50 km per day. For Americans its about 32 miles per day (52 km). This is well below the range of an EV even for several days of driving and even during the coldest winters.
To be fair, we also have to consider road trips. Currently, in Canada and certainly in the U.S, in my experience owning an EV, there are enough fast chargers on the road to get you to most places that you want to go to.
It may not feel that way if you don’t have an electric car, but even in cities like Calgary, where electric cars are not that popular just yet, there are enough chargers.
Personally, I have rarely ever had to wait for a fast charger, also known as a DC charger, in 6 years of owning electric cars. And I have driven my electric car across Canada twice, and from Calgary to Vancouver island several times.
And with time, as more and more DC chargers are installed and they become even more ubiquitous, you won’t even care about the range of your car because you’ll be able to stop whenever you need to.
When you think about your average gas car, do you get range anxiety? Most people don’t. And you know why we don’t? Its because there are gas stations everywhere you go
! When you need to stop it’s never more than 15-20 mins away in the worst situations. That’s why most gas drivers are never that worried about range. Well, when chargers get to be as common as gas stations, it will like the same thing.
We are all too young to have experienced this with gas cars but when cars were becoming a thing, there were not enough gas stations to make travelling long distances convenient.
But just like electric cars will do for chargers, people buying and using gas cars drove entrepreneurs (no pun intended) to start building gas stations. And look where we are today? There is no reason to think that electric car chargers won’t evolve the same way that gas stations have.
Yes when you drive an electric car on a road trip, you need to stop to charge. But even the slowest charging cars on the market today only have to stop for an average of 15-25 mins each stop.
In my family’s experience, that’s enough time to park, plug in, go to the bathroom, get a little snack and next thing you know you’re done. Needing to stop for lunch and dinner also works out great for charging.
You get used to this pace quickly, it’s actually not as different as you might think from road tripping in a gas car (especially if someone in your car has a tiny bladder).
PLUS at the time of writing this, BYD has come out with what they call “flash charging” with their new blade battery technology. Essentially, the car can be charged from 10-80% in as little as five minutes – this is pretty much on par with a gas car. We can easily imagine how this technology will dissipate to the rest of the world quickly and charging will just get better and better.
Gas cars have their own downsides that we overlook all the time. The oil changes are annoying, the gas smells bad and can be expensive, they break down easily and have high maintenance costs due to many moving parts
They can need transmission and engine replacements, the list goes on. Why do we overlook these things? Because we are used to them. They are familiar to us and we generally accept them. The same goes for electric cars. When transitioning to them, you find new annoying things, and you do need to change somewhat to get used to them. But with time, we get familiar with them and we accept them. It’s a just new set of pros and cons.
With that being said, lets talk about the advantages of owning an EV. I would make the case that it’s actually more convenient to own than a comparable gas car. First, you can charge your EV at home, which is a game changer for a few reasons. Instead of needing to stop at the gas station and stand outside as you fill up your car, you just drive into your garage and take literally five seconds to plug in your car – voila you’re done.
On a road trip, same thing, I just plug in and leave the car to do my thing or just relax in the warm car, taking a break from driving while the car chargers.
In my car, I can even just watch Netflix in the car and just chill. It’s so easy and convenient.
On top of this, charging your car at home saves a ton of money. With our current cost of electricity, it costs about 6 dollars Canadian to charge my car fully. That will drive me about 400-500 km.
Compared to gas, this is significantly cheaper. Over the 4.5 years of owning one of our EVs, I calculated that we have saved about 9k-12k dollars that we would have spent on gas if we had an equivalent gas car.
With a level two charger at home, you can charge your car completely overnight. But you can also plug in your car in a regular outlet, just like your phone does. Personally, my wife and I, that’s all we use.
It charges 20-30% overnight and charges my car completely over the weekend. Don’t get me wrong a level 2 charger would be better but we decided against this for the time being.
Electric cars also save you money in the maintenance department. There are way less moving parts in an electric car and thus it has less chance of breaking down. It also doesn’t require a bunch of regular maintenance that gas cars need, such as oil changes.
Over time, this should reduce maintenance costs and repair by about 40% over the lifetime of the vehicle, when compared to an equivalent gas car.
Now I know people worry about the battery failing and needing a replacement. I understand that might be scary, and statistically it does happen, but the car manufacturers making EVs are providing good warranties for these batteries.
One of my cars has a battery warranty for 8 years or 192,000 kms and the other has a warranty of 7 years or 160,000 km.
Even after this warranty period however, it is rare for batteries to fail. At the time of writing this episode, even the current American EPA, or what I like to call the Trump EDA – the environmental destruction agency, has a page busting the EV myths we have talked about today.
They state that since 2016, the failure rate of electric car batteries is about 0.5%, with most of those failures happening within a warranty period.
Just like gas cars though, which can have major failures like needing new engines or new transmissions as they age, statistically some batteries will fail out of warranty and need replacement.
But rest assured it happens at the same rate, if not a lower rate, than major breakdown issues in gas cars. Currently, the cost of replacing a car’s battery is significant, but with time, as manufacturing gets better, the cost will plunge and it is predicted that by 2030, the cost of replacing an EV battery will cost less than an engine replacement.
Next, I’ll talk about a counter-argument to EVs that is maybe more relevant in my back yard than many other places. In Calgary, Alberta, where I am currently living, people often scoff at EVs and tell me that EVs are bad because we live in oil country.
Our economy depends on oil. My answer to that would be that actually, our economy depends on energy and the world is shifting the energy sector very quickly. The future of energy is green and this energy will require a lot of storage, i.e batteries.
In Alberta, we have a work force that is already used to working in camps, in challenging working conditions with a specific schedule (7 days or 14 days on at a time).
So we are more poised than any other province to shift this work force towards mining critical materials for batteries and electronics. It’s already beginning in Alberta with companies like E3 lithium starting the charge in the right direction.
The world is making this transition regardless of how Albertans feel about it, we might as well stay at the top of the curve and benefit from it economically. We could be world leaders in the new energy and technology economy, but only if we act now.
On top of this, the world needs this transition for the planet to be able to support our species for many years to come. Having a planet that can support us would be nice, I don’t think this should be controversial.
The way I see it, we spent years fueling the world economy by destroying our planet. Now we can reverse it and fuel a new world economy while saving our planet.
In North-America, the Biden administration was doing this well. They had many tax incentives to develop EV charging, U.S manufacturing of EV vehicles, battery storage deployments, renewables like solar and wind, it went on and on. And new jobs were booming during the Biden presidency. This is the example we need to follow in North America.
So to summarize, the case for why EVs make sense hinges on one thing – their incredible efficiency. Most of the benefits tied to EVs stem from this fact. Even today, with fossil fuels being a major producer of our electricity, they pollute 2-3 times less than gas cars, solely because of better efficiency.
Secondly, it represents transportation that has the ability to be part of the transition to a carbon-neutral economy. Electric cars, along with many other changes that we need to make, is a transition that makes sense if we want to live in a liveable planet.
Maybe I’m wrong but I don’t think anyone would ever push back on wanting to live on a liveable planet, if you do, I would suggest visiting some professionals of a certain type, if you know what I mean.
And thirdly, the world is moving towards a carbon neutral economy regardless of how anyone feels about it. We might as well be at the fore front of this new economy. Being competitive in EVs is a major component of this.
Like any other episode, I like to talk about what you can do as an individual to make a difference in what we talked about today. You can start by considering an EV as your next vehicle. I advise trying to talk to someone you know who has one, find out what it’s like to own one from them and truly consider it.
It should save you money over time, it’s a better ownership experience and it’s better for the environment and thus future generations.
I know the price of EVs is still out of reach for many, so don’t feel bad if this isn’t in your price range. But if you can afford one, buying one will help drive the technology forward and will bring down the price. We already see this happening. There are also great used EVs out there.
Secondly, you should vote in all elections that you can, demand that our elected officials support a new green economy and thus the creation of new green jobs.
Push for them to create tax and financial incentives for companies to create new solar, wind and other renewables and also to mine for critical materials. Push for policies that require new builds to incorporate electric car chargers (like a law that they recently passed in the U.K).
And finally, push for increased regulation of polluting companies and for car and green energy mandates. The world needs to change and unless we force corporations to do so, they will almost always only do what is best for their bottom line. That’s how we change the world.
If you liked this episode, and are interested in EVs, send us an email. If we get enough traction and interest, we would consider writing an episode which talks about tips and tricks of owning an EV in our experience!
And last thing, before I go, I have a quick fun fact, alien dinner conversation to share with you. It relates to the episode today. It’s about Michelin stars. I know, what do Michelin stars have to do with our episode today? Well, you may not know this, but the company that gives out Michelin stars is the very same company that makes Michelin tires.
But why would a tire company be giving out prestigious stars to restaurants? What do they know about food? Well it all started when gas cars we just becoming popular.
To help get more gas cars get on the road, and thus sell more tires, Michelin started making what they called the Michelin guide. It was meant as a little guide to help drivers feel confident navigating on the road, and it was first published in France in 1900.
It contained maps, information on where to find gas, tyres, mechanics, and what to do for fun on your road trip. To communicate how good any attraction was, they came up with the famous star system.
A one-star rating, in the original guide, was meant to say that this location deserved a stop. A two-star rating meant that this location deserved a detour just to stop there and experience what they had to offer.
And 3 stars meant that that attraction was so special, it deserved its own trip to go see it. Over time, it slowly warped to become a rating system purely for the best restaurants of the world.
And yes, it’s stars are still being awarded by the Michelin tire company. Anyways, just a random fact I learned while listening to a great podcast called the economics of every day things. If you liked that story, go check them out, they’re one of my favorite podcasts.
Once again, Thanks for listening, I am Luc Boutin and we are the Alien among you, have a great day, we will see you
in our next episode.
Updated Bibliography
Government of Canada, Canada Energy Regulator , Fuel Consumption Averages
Government of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Fuel Consumption Guide
https://www.recurrentauto.com/research/just-how-dirty-is-your-ev
Recurrent Article about Carbon Footprint Differences Between Gas and Electric Cars
https://blog.ucs.org/dave-cooke/hydrogen-combustion-is-a-dead-end-technology-for-heavy-duty-trucks/
Union of Concerned Scientists Blog: “Hydrogen Technology is a Dead End Technology For Heavy-Duty Trucks”
Clean Technica article: “Debunking The Myth: Hydrogen Fuel Cells Aren’t More Efficient Than Alternatives”
https://bacancysystems.com/blog/hydrogen-vs-electric-cars
Bacancy Systems Article: “Hydrogen vs Electric Cars: Which is Better for the Future?”
https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-production-natural-gas-reforming
U.S Department of Energy Article: “Hydrogen Production: Natural Gas Reforming”
https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/hydrogen-storage
U.S Department of Energy Article: “Hydrogen Storage”
https://www.energy.gov/eere/fuelcells/does-use-hydrogen-produce-air-pollutants-such-nitrogen-oxides
U.S Department of Energy Article: “Does the use of hydrogen produce air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides?”
Government of Canada, National Resources of Canada, Videos on Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Driving
https://trid.trb.org/View/2646917
National Academies : American Driving Survey 2022
AMA (Alberta Motor Association) Article: “Cost of owning an electric vehicle”
https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/electric-vehicle-myths
US EPA Page: “Electric Vehicle Myths”
https://insideevs.com/news/742022/battery-replacement-costs-fall-cheaper-than-fixing-engine/
Inside EVs Article: “Battery Replacement Costs Are Poised To Plunge: 'Cheaper Than Fixing An Engine'”
https://guide.michelin.com/th/en/history-of-the-michelin-guide-th
History of the Michelin Guide