Jul 7, 2023
Today we talk about fluency and assessment with Jan Hasbrouck. She shares tips and tricks for how to to best assess and teach fluency. She also debunks frequent fluency misunderstandings and explains the scientific evidence that underlies the Hasbrouck-Tindal Oral Reading Fluency Chart.
Note: During the podcast, we mentioned we would link Jan’s previous studies on ORF. But… we want to make sure the most recent information (Fluency Norms Chart 2017 Update) is the one that is prioritized for instructional use, so we’ve linked that to avoid confusion.
Resources
- Hasbrouck-Tindal Oral Reading Fluency Chart
- Fluency Norms Chart (2017 Update)
- Developing Fluent Readers by Jan Hasbrouck, Reading Rockets
- Understanding and Assessing Fluency by Jan Hasbrouck, Reading Rockets
- Tim Rasinski Multidimensional Fluency Rubric
- NAEP Fluency Scale
- What Does “Below Basic” Mean on NAEP Reading?
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Nancy Hennessy and Julia Salamone discuss the importance of vocabulary and syntax in reading comprehension. They explain how vocabulary connects to reading comprehension and the different levels of word knowledge. They also emphasize the need for explicit instruction in vocabulary and the role of context in understanding word meaning. They also discuss the connection between semantics and syntax and how understanding sentence comprehension is crucial for overall comprehension. They share instructional activities such as anagrams and sentence expansion to support sentence level comprehension. The conversation explores the integration of reading and writing, the importance of language in reading proficiency, and different ways students can express their understanding through oral responses, multimedia, and written responses as tools for comprehension and expression.
- Vocabulary plays a critical role in reading comprehension and is connected to all aspects of language.
- Different levels of word knowledge serve different purposes, and depth of understanding is crucial for overall comprehension.
- Syntax provides the structure for words to convey meaning in sentences, and an understanding of syntax is essential for sentence comprehension.
- Instructional activities such as anagrams and sentence expansion can support sentence level comprehension and foster collaboration and discussion among students. Integration of reading and writing is crucial for student learning.
- Language is the foundation of reading proficiency.
- Students can express their understanding through oral response, multimedia, and written responses.
- The book provides practical strategies and tools for teachers to support reading comprehension.
- The authors wrote the book to bridge the gap between research and practice and provide teachers with additional resources.
Resources
- The Reading Comprehension Blueprint Activity Book by Nancy Hennessy & Julia Salamone
- The Literacy House - Pam Snow Blog Post
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
From Aug 4, 2023
What if the key to unlocking your students' reading comprehension could be found through a deeper understanding of the intricate processes at work in their minds? Prepare to have your teaching world transformed as we journey with reading comprehension expert and acclaimed author, Nancy Hennessy. Together, we’ll map out the cognitive and linguistic processes that underpin comprehension, and navigate the complex interaction between a reader's knowledge, the text itself, and the author's intent.
As teachers, we play an integral role in shaping the reading journey of our students. Witness how the Reading Comprehension Blueprint can revolutionize your instructional design as we discuss how to thoughtfully consider the task, text, and context. Learn how to integrate prior background knowledge and foster mental models of understanding. Be part of our examination of comprehension as an essential pillar of reading and join us as we demystify the science behind this crucial skill.
Finally, imagine having a blueprint that offers a flexible framework that aligns seamlessly with the science of comprehension. Listen as we delve into the importance of planning for instruction, pinpointing the key takeaways for your students, and exploring types of texts and text sets. Learn how to identify the contributors to comprehension and teach your students to become masters of their own understanding. Buckle up and get ready to revolutionize your approach to teaching reading comprehension.
Resources
- The Reading Comprehension Blueprint From The Reading Comprehension Blueprint by Nancy Lewis Hennessy. Copyright © 2021 by Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., Inc. All rights reserved
- Expert Minute Video-Thinking about Comprehension: Nancy Hennessy
- Rethinking How to Promote Reading Comprehension, American Federation of Teachers by Hugh Catts
- Ep. 118 Rethinking Reading Comprehension with Researcher Hugh Catts, podcast
- AIM FCRR Background Knowledge Research
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Lindsay Kemeny discusses her book 7 Mighty Moves and the importance of teaching literacy effectively. The conversation covers the development of the 7 moves, which focus on phonemic awareness, word recognition, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Lindsay emphasizes the need for explicit and systematic instruction, the use of decodable texts, and the importance of teaching sight words with phonics skills. She also shares practical strategies for improving fluency, such as partner reading and paragraph shrinking. She explains how this routine helped improve students' reading fluency and comprehension. Lindsay also emphasizes the importance of embracing vocabulary and background knowledge in reading instruction.
Resources
- 7 Mighty Moves (book) by Lindsay Kemeny
- Teaching with Lindsay Kemeny on Facebook
- Literacy Talks podcast
- Lindsay's website
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
From Mar 18, 2022
How can regular fluency practice lead to fluent readers? In today’s episode, educators Lorraine Griffith and Lindsay Kemeny discuss the impact of fluency in their classrooms. Fluency is a bridge: It connects word recognition with comprehension. We dive into whole and small group fluency instruction with simple strategies and more.
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Our guests today, authors Tricia Zucker and Sonia Cabell, discuss the concept of Strive-For-Five Conversations, which emphasizes the importance of multi-turn conversations between teachers and students. They explain that the goal is to stretch conversations beyond the typical question-response format and aim for at least five turns. The conversation explores the importance of building relationships with parents and the impact of conversations on brain development. They also provide practical tips for implementing Strive for Five in the classroom and engaging parents in the process.
Resources
- Strive for Five Conversations by Tricia Zucker and Sonia Cabell
- Using Strive-for-Five Conversations to Strengthen Language Comprehension in Preschool through Grade One
- Asking Questions is Just the First Step: Using Upward and Downward Scaffolds
- Going Nuts for Words: Recommendation for Teaching Young Students Academic Vocabulary
- Article on Teaching Together research: This article shows sending home materials scaffolds parent involvement and that the impact of rewards fades over time.
- Talking is Teaching Family Engagement Resources
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
From Jul 15, 2022
Dr. Sonia Cabell, Associate Professor at Florida State University, shares the importance of both oral language and content knowledge instruction. Why? Oral language skills underlie our ability to comprehend text. At the same time, the knowledge we bring to a text is THE key determinant on how much we understand that text. This episode speaks to the entirety of the reading rope!
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Heidi Anne Mesmer discusses her book Big Words for Young Readers. She emphasizes the importance of teaching young readers to decode and understand words with multiple syllables and morphemes. Heidi Anne highlights the need to teach morphemic concepts early on and provides recommendations for teaching different types of morphemes at each grade level. She explains that morphology, the study of word parts, is a crucial component of reading comprehension and vocabulary development. Mesmer provides practical strategies for teaching morphology, such as teaching the morphological principle and using activities like 'Make It Big' to build students' confidence in creating big words. She also emphasizes the need for explicit instruction in morphology from an early age and highlights the benefits of using cognates and word chains to support multilingual learners.
Takeaways
- The book Big Words for Young Readers focuses on teaching young readers to decode and understand words with multiple syllables and morphemes.
- Syllables are sound units, while morphemes are the smallest units of sound that carry meaning in a word.
- Teaching morphemic concepts early on can help students distinguish the meaningful parts of words.
- There is no strict scope and sequence for teaching morphemes, but it is important to consider the frequency and applicability of different types of morphemes at each grade level. Teaching morphology is essential for developing reading comprehension and vocabulary skills in young readers.
- Strategies like teaching the morphological principle and using activities like 'Make It Big' can help students understand and create big words.
- Explicit instruction in morphology should be integrated into phonics instruction from an early age.
- Cognates and word chains can be effective tools for supporting multilingual learners in developing their morphological knowledge.
Resources
- Big Words for Young Readers and the entire Scholastic Science of Reading in Practice book series!
- Monsters PI
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
From Nov 4, 2022
Researcher Heidi Anne Mesmer joins the podcast to discuss the research on decodable text and dos and don'ts for classroom practice. Thinking about decodability as a meter from most to least decodable to the reader is important. A child who reads a text by sounding out and decoding words will experience a milestone of childhood: the feeling of reading. This also supports orthographic mapping.
Resources
- Decodable Text: A Review of What We Know, Heidi Anne Mesmer
- TextProject.org
- Key Knowledge to Support Phonological Awareness and Phonics Instruction, Piasta and Hudson
- Choosing and Using Decodable Texts, Wiley Blevins
Reading Above the Fray, Julia Lindsey
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Anna Geiger, author of "Reach All Readers," joins us on the pod today.
Anna takes us on a historical reading journey, from the early reading wars of the 1800s to debates between whole language and balanced literacy, up to the present Science of Reading movement. She shares her personal transition from balanced literacy to embracing the science of reading, providing critical insights into why a code-emphasis method is indispensable for early reading instruction.
Resources
Connect with Anna Geiger, AKA The Measured Mom
Listen to Anna's podcast, Triple R Teaching
Read Anna's new book, Reach All Readers
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
From Sep 21, 2020
The article Placing Text at the Center of the Standards-Aligned ELA Classroom is a must-read before or after listening to this podcast!
Meredith Liben and Sue Pimentel share the true intentions of the CCSS vs. the way they are currently interpreted. They also provide observations about how the Standards play out in classrooms and schools - within HQIM and what happens in absence of HQIM!
We ask the gals some tough questions:
- What does this mean for assessment, especially "data-driven" instruction?
- What are better ways to assess and track student progress?
They are hilarious and smart, and so very relatable. This one is a MUST listen!
Read the article that prompted this conversation:
Placing Text at the Center of the Standards-Aligned ELA Classroom
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
In this episode, Meredith and David Liben discuss the importance of comprehension instruction, the power of questions, and the practice of close reading. They emphasize the value of curiosity, vocabulary depth, and the features of complex text. The conversation also delves into the debate around teaching comprehension strategies, the overemphasis on reading strategies, the impact of high-pressure assessments on instruction, and the need for a more comprehensive approach to reading comprehension. The speakers reflect on their own mistakes and the challenges in the field of literacy education.
Takeaways
- The power of questions lies in their ability to provide insight into a student's comprehension, encourage precise thinking, and reveal the features of a text that stumped or aided comprehension.
- Close reading serves as a valuable technique for examining the features of complex text, developing vocabulary depth, and understanding the world through text.
- The debate around teaching comprehension strategies highlights the impact of high-pressure assessments and the need to prioritize meaningful instruction over test preparation. Comprehension strategies have limitations and may not be the most effective approach to reading comprehension.
- The overemphasis on reading strategies can be detrimental to students' engagement and understanding of reading.
- Foundational skills and the science of reading play a crucial role in improving reading comprehension.
- Reflecting on mistakes and being open to learning from them is essential for progress in literacy education.
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Unlock the potential of your ELA instruction by shifting to a knowledge-rich curriculum! Join us as we sit down with David Liben, co-author of Know Better, Do Better, to hear stories about knowledge-building goodness. David highlights how incorporating vocabulary, morphology, syntax, and comprehension can bring joy and engagement to your classroom. Discover how diverse topics like polar bears and space can captivate students' imaginations, while a shared quality curriculum fosters a strong sense of community and supports social-emotional learning.
Resources
- Know Better, Do Better: Comprehension by David & Meredith Liben
- Know Better, Do Better by Meredith & David Liben
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Kim Lockhart, Canadian educator, shares her top three book recommendations. The first recommendation is 'Next Steps in Literacy Instruction' by Susan Smart and Deb Glaser, which focuses on the multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) model and effective interventions. The second recommendation is 'Why Don't Students Like School?' by Daniel Willingham, which explores the science of learning and how to make instruction more effective. The third recommendation is 'Read Alouds for All Learners' by Molly Ness, which emphasizes the importance of language comprehension and intentional read alouds.
Resources
- Melissa & Lori Love Literacy Episode 193: Systems to Get Better Reading Results with Stephanie Stollar (podcast)
- Next STEPS in Literacy Instruction: Connecting Assessments to Effective Interventions by Susan Smartt and Deborah Glaser (book)
- Melissa & Lori Love Literacy Episode 139: Knowledge Matters with Barbara Davidson and Daniel Willingham (podcast)
- Why Don’t Students Like School? By Daniel Willingham (book)
- Melissa & Lori Love Literacy Episode 170: All About Read Alouds with Molly Ness (podcast)
- Read Alouds for All Learners: A Comprehensive Plan for Every Subject, Every Day, Grades PreK–8 by Molly Ness (book)
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Read Not Guess is a FREE program designed for parents to help their children improve their early reading skills. The lessons are short and simple, taking only 5 to 10 minutes per day. The program is email-based, with parents receiving a daily email with the lesson of the day. There are two levels available, with level one for true beginners and level two for more advanced learners. Additionally, there is a Dailyish Decodable program for kids who need more practice with specific skills. All the programs are free and accessible to parents and caregivers.
Sign up for Read Not Guess now!
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Melissa & Lori discuss questions about reading comprehension from our new book, The Literacy 50: A Q&A Handbook for Teachers, and provide research-based answers and practical suggestions. We talk about the place of sustained silent reading in the school day and the best ways to assess a student's comprehension. We also discuss the concept of reading volume and how to support students in reading more.
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Melissa & Lori discuss questions about phonemic awareness from our new book, The Literacy 50: A Q&A Handbook for Teachers. We talk about best practices for teaching phonemic awareness and whether to teach it with or without naming and showing letters. Additionally, we address the misconception that introducing letters in phonemic awareness instruction means transitioning to phonics, and they provide guidance on when and how to introduce letters in phonemic awareness instruction.
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
The tables are turned on us in today's episode! Anna Geiger interviews us about our new book, The Literacy 50. You might know Anna as The Measured Mom and host of the Triple R Teaching podcast. We loved divulging why we wrote the book, how educators can use it in classrooms and schools, and we even answer some hot topic questions!
We wrote a book! The Literacy 50-A Q&A Handbook for Teachers: Real-World Answers to Questions About Reading That Keep You Up at Night
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Today's sneak peek episode gives you a behind the scenes look at why we wrote this book, the questions we answer, and resources we crafted just for you!
We wrote a book! The Literacy 50-A Q&A Handbook for Teachers: Real-World Answers to Questions About Reading That Keep You Up at Night
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Unlock the potential in every multilingual learner as Claude Goldenberg, renowned professor emeritus of education at Stanford University, joins us to dispel myths and share crucial strategies in literacy education. Delve into the complexities of teaching reading to students mastering English, where educational rights meet the science of literacy. We promise a journey through the nuances of vocabulary acquisition and orthographic mapping, with Goldenberg guiding us to make academic content accessible without compromising on language development.
Ever wondered how the science of reading translates to multilingual classrooms? Look no further. We address the probabilistic nature of literacy learning, akin to the varied responses to a COVID-19 vaccine, and examine the relevance of neurolinguistics research for English learners. In a thought-provoking discussion, we challenge the notion that teaching strategies for monolingual and multilingual learners are worlds apart, instead highlighting their fundamental similarities and the necessity for a nuanced approach.
Join us as we navigate the foundations of reading development and learn how to best support emergent bilinguals. From the ARIES study to the pivotal role of phonemic awareness and fluency, we uncover the intricacies of teaching emergent bilingual children to read. Emphasizing the latest research, this episode is a clarion call for educators and advocates to embrace collaborative, well-informed practices in literacy education, ensuring that every learner's path to reading fluency is as effective and enlightened as possible.
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
We discuss various models for teaching English learners to read with Magdalena Zavalia, CEO of the PAF Reading Program. We explore different types of models, including monolingual programs, transitional bilingual education, and dual language immersion. Magdalena emphasizes the importance of understanding students' needs and goals when implementing a dual language program. She also discusses the challenges and considerations for teachers and principals, including resources, professional development, curriculum, and scheduling. Magdalena highlights the benefits of dual language instruction for both native English speakers and English learners.
Resources
- Literacy Foundations for English Learners by Elsa Cardenas-Hagan
- Episode 119: How Reading Science Works for English Learners with Elsa Cardenas-Hagan
- Episode 152: Science of Reading for All Learners: Multilingual Learners with Claude Goldenberg
- Multitiered System of Supports for English Learners
- Colorin Colorado! A bilingual site for educators and families of English language learners
- Intelexia - Spanish Reading Program
- PAF Reading Program - English Reading Program
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
From August 5, 2022
Dr. Elsa Cardenas-Hagan joins the podcast to share that reading science works for English Learners. What does it mean to use evidence-based instruction to teach English Learners? Dr. Cardenas-Hagan asserts that every language has its own history, its own culture, its own use. Language supports literacy, and literacy support language. With this cyclical understanding, she explains how to use effective strategies for ALL learners.
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
In this conversation, Stephanie Stollar discusses the implementation of Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS). MTSS is a framework for school improvement that helps to provide support for students with various needs. The MTSS framework focuses on using data to identify barriers to student performance and making plans to eliminate those barriers. Stollar explains that word recognition skills are more discreet and sequential, while language comprehension skills are more unconstrained and complex. Stephanie recommends that special education resources should be blended with general education resources from the beginning, and students should receive intensive support as soon as it is needed, without having to go through a series of interventions and assessments. She also emphasizes the importance of evidence-aligned instruction and the need for team-based decision-making in the MTSS model.
Takeaways
- MTSS is a framework for school improvement that helps teachers provide support for students with various needs
- The tiers in MTSS are prevention of reading failure, with tier one being primary prevention for all students, tier two providing extra support for students at higher risk, and tier three offering intensive and individualized support for struggling readers
- Differentiate tier one instruction and provide targeted instruction based on screening and diagnostic data
- Assessments in MTSS include screening assessments to identify students at risk, diagnostic assessments to determine specific instructional needs, and progress monitoring assessments to track student progress.
- Blend special education resources with general education resources from the beginning and provide intensive support as soon as it is needed.
- Focus on evidence-aligned instruction and team-based decision-making in the MTSS model.
Resources
- Stephanie's Reading Science Academy
- Stephanie's MTSS Course
- Watch Stephanie discuss...
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
In this episode, Savannah Campbell, a K-5 reading specialist, shares practical spelling tips for teachers. She emphasizes the importance of having students say the sounds or syllables as they spell, as it helps develop sound-symbol correspondence. Savannah also recommends interleaving, which involves practicing both new and old spelling skills to ensure mastery. Savannah also discusses the use of dictation, word chains and sound boxes for spelling instruction. Additionally, she advises keeping the same routine but varying the methods to keep students engaged.
Takeaways
- Have students say the sounds or syllables as they spell to develop sound-symbol correspondence.
- Interleave new and old spelling skills to ensure mastery.
- Provide more spelling practice than you think is necessary.
- Keep the same routine but vary the methods to keep students engaged.
- Use word chains and sound boxes for spelling instruction.
Resources
We wrote a book! The Literacy 50-A Q&A Handbook for Teachers: Real-World Answers to Questions About Reading That Keep You Up at Night
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
Pam Kastner discusses the connection between spelling and reading. She emphasizes that teaching spelling is teaching reading, as spelling is a higher linguistic skill that requires complete and accurate recall and memory for words. Spelling helps students understand the internal structure of words and improves their reading abilities. She suggests using instructional routines that integrate phonology, orthography, morphology, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics to teach spelling effectively.
Takeaways
- Teaching spelling is teaching reading, as spelling is a higher linguistic skill that requires complete and accurate recall and memory for words.
- Spelling helps students understand the internal structure of words and improves their reading abilities.
- Effective spelling instruction should be explicit, systematic, and teach spelling patterns from least complex to most complex.
- Instructional routines should integrate phonology, orthography, morphology, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics to teach spelling effectively. Direct and systematic spelling instruction is essential for students' language development.
- Spelling inventories are valuable tools for assessing students' understanding of language and identifying areas for targeted instruction.
- Spelling can be used as a teaching tool, allowing students to learn from their errors and improve their spelling skills.
- Spelling instruction should be aligned with the research and evidence-based practices to ensure its effectiveness.
Resources
- Pam Kastner's Padlet with resources (password PT2)
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Helping teachers learn about science of reading, knowledge building, and high quality curriculum.
[Listen Again]: Ep. 153: Fluency Instruction and Assessment with Jan Hasbrouck
1:02:40
Ep. 205: The Reading Comprehension Blueprint Activity Book with Nancy Hennessy and Julia Salamone
45:54
[Listen Again]: Ep. 157: Science of Reading Beyond Phonics: Reading Comprehension Blueprint with Nancy Hennessy
1:00:52
Ep. 204: 7 Mighty Moves with Lindsay Kemeny
43:48
[Listen Again] Ep 98: Improving Student Reading Growth in Months with Fluency Instruction and Practice
53:12
Ep. 203: Strive for Five Conversations with Tricia Zucker and Sonia Cabell
47:07
[Listen Again] Ep. 116: Sonia Cabell on the Importance of Content-Rich ELA Instruction
1:04:07
Ep. 202: Big Words for Young Readers with Heidi Anne Mesmer
43:12
[Listen Again] Ep. 132: Decodable Text Series: The Research on Decodable Text
51:24
Ep. 201: Reach All Readers with Anna Geiger
46:28
[Listen Again]: Ep. 37: Placing Text at the Center of the ELA Classroom with Meredith Liben & Sue Pimentel
1:11:31
Ep. 200: Know Better, Do Better: Comprehension with David and Meredith Liben
55:16
BONUS: Transforming ELA Instruction with a Knowledge-Rich Curriculum: Insights from David Liben
30:58
Ep. 199: Summer Reading: Must-Read Books for Teachers! with Kim Lockhart
33:25
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BONUS: Read Not Guess- Short & Simple Summer Lessons with Chad Aldeman
20:55
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Ep. 198: The Literacy 50: Is There a Place for Sustained, Silent Reading in the School Day?
16:35
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Ep. 197: The Literacy 50: What Are Best Practices for Teaching Phonemic Awareness?
10:54
Ep. 196: The Literacy 50 - A Q&A Handbook for Teachers with Melissa & Lori
44:23
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Ep. 195: Sneak Peek of Our New Book: The Literacy 50
5:02
[Listen Again] Ep. 152: Science of Reading for ALL Students: Multilingual Learners with Claude Goldenberg
56:53
Ep. 194: Exploring Models for Teaching English Learners
34:27
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[Listen Again] Ep. 119: How Reading Science Works for English Learners with Elsa Cardenas-Hagan
1:04:10
Ep. 193: Systems to Get Better Reading Results with Stephanie Stollar
54:55
Ep. 192: Top Tips for Teaching Spelling with Savannah Campbell (Quick Tips from Our Teacher Friends)
31:18
Ep. 191: Teaching Spelling is Teaching Reading with Pam Kastner
40:07