{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2.009,"endTime":3.989,"body":"Hello, everyone, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2.009,"endTime":3.989,"body":"welcome to the thriving minds"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3.989,"endTime":7.439,"body":"Podcast. I'm Professor Selena"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3.989,"endTime":7.439,"body":"Bartlett. Today we're joined by"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":7.439,"endTime":12.899,"body":"Stephen Shore. He is the founder"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":7.439,"endTime":12.899,"body":"of birth gap.org. It's a social"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":12.899,"endTime":15.929,"body":"enterprise. And it's got a very"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":12.899,"endTime":15.929,"body":"specific mission to support"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":15.929,"endTime":20.579,"body":"communities around the world"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":15.929,"endTime":20.579,"body":"with the birth gap crisis. Why"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":20.579,"endTime":24.209,"body":"birth rates falling and falling"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":20.579,"endTime":24.209,"body":"at different rates across the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":24.209,"endTime":27.419,"body":"industrialised World Documentary"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":24.209,"endTime":27.419,"body":"film is called Birth gap,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":27.419,"endTime":31.859,"body":"childless world. And its was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":27.419,"endTime":31.859,"body":"featured in The New York Chelsea"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":31.859,"endTime":36.059,"body":"Film Festival in 2021. So today,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":31.859,"endTime":36.059,"body":"we're going to be talking all"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":36.059,"endTime":39.389,"body":"about that. So thank you,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":36.059,"endTime":39.389,"body":"Steven, for joining us on the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":39.389,"endTime":40.919,"body":"thriving minds podcast."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":41.94,"endTime":44.22,"body":"Thank you very much. It's a real"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":41.94,"endTime":44.22,"body":"pleasure to be here."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":44.85,"endTime":47.55,"body":"Tell us a little bit about your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":44.85,"endTime":47.55,"body":"story, Steven?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":48.9,"endTime":53.1,"body":"Well, it was a very strange"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":48.9,"endTime":53.1,"body":"moment for me because I seven"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":53.1,"endTime":57.21,"body":"years ago, I was looking at data"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":53.1,"endTime":57.21,"body":"and that's what I normally do, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":57.21,"endTime":62.13,"body":"simply look at data and I for my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":57.21,"endTime":62.13,"body":"client for my business, which is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":62.13,"endTime":65.19,"body":"a business which looks forwards"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":62.13,"endTime":65.19,"body":"we do predictive modelling"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":65.19,"endTime":68.01,"body":"forecasting for the future for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":65.19,"endTime":68.01,"body":"different industries around the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":68.01,"endTime":71.4,"body":"world. I saw some data about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":68.01,"endTime":71.4,"body":"falling birth rates that I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":71.4,"endTime":75.69,"body":"wasn't aware of. And I decided"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":71.4,"endTime":75.69,"body":"to look at more data for more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":75.69,"endTime":79.29,"body":"countries and more countries."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":75.69,"endTime":79.29,"body":"And I saw similar trends almost"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":79.29,"endTime":83.01,"body":"everywhere, in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":79.29,"endTime":83.01,"body":"industrialised world, and hence"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":83.01,"endTime":88.26,"body":"of it and other countries too."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":83.01,"endTime":88.26,"body":"And it was shocking, it was it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":88.26,"endTime":91.53,"body":"was shocking on every level one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":88.26,"endTime":91.53,"body":"being the I didn't know about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":91.53,"endTime":95.4,"body":"it, it's something you had heard"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":91.53,"endTime":95.4,"body":"about, I had heard about for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":95.4,"endTime":98.94,"body":"maybe Japan is a famous case"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":95.4,"endTime":98.94,"body":"where Japan has had low birth"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":98.94,"endTime":103.14,"body":"rates since the 70s. Many people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":98.94,"endTime":103.14,"body":"may know that. I also knew a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":103.14,"endTime":107.4,"body":"little bit about Spain and Italy"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":103.14,"endTime":107.4,"body":"being like that. But when I saw"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":107.4,"endTime":110.25,"body":"this for Germany and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":107.4,"endTime":110.25,"body":"Switzerland, and Austria and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":110.43,"endTime":116.82,"body":"Canada, even starting in the US,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":110.43,"endTime":116.82,"body":"and also Australia, my curiosity"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":116.82,"endTime":121.02,"body":"was piqued to the point of not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":116.82,"endTime":121.02,"body":"only wanting to understand the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":121.02,"endTime":125.94,"body":"reason for this for my own"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":121.02,"endTime":125.94,"body":"sanity, almost. But for my kids"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":125.94,"endTime":129.12,"body":"generation, they're all just but"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":125.94,"endTime":129.12,"body":"still in their teens. At that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":129.12,"endTime":132.51,"body":"point, I realised that my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":129.12,"endTime":132.51,"body":"children are being brought up"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":133.02,"endTime":136.83,"body":"without being taught or being"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":133.02,"endTime":136.83,"body":"made aware that the world is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":136.83,"endTime":139.47,"body":"going to change quite"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":136.83,"endTime":139.47,"body":"fundamentally through this. It's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":139.47,"endTime":142.71,"body":"not like we're going to shrink"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":139.47,"endTime":142.71,"body":"down slowly and barely notice,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":142.98,"endTime":144.21,"body":"we're all going to notice, tell"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":144.21,"endTime":152.46,"body":"everyone about the aha moment"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":144.21,"endTime":152.46,"body":"and tell them that let's let's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":152.46,"endTime":155.13,"body":"go straight to that moment,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":152.46,"endTime":155.13,"body":"because I had it too listening"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":155.13,"endTime":158.49,"body":"to you was a really like we just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":155.13,"endTime":158.49,"body":"stopped, looked at each other"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":158.49,"endTime":162.33,"body":"and went, that is not what we've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":158.49,"endTime":162.33,"body":"been thinking about we all and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":162.36,"endTime":164.76,"body":"then you pass this information"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":162.36,"endTime":164.76,"body":"to people that go, Well, we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":164.76,"endTime":167.52,"body":"having a population explosion,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":164.76,"endTime":167.52,"body":"we need less people."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":169.05,"endTime":171.39,"body":"Well, the aha moment, I mean, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":169.05,"endTime":171.39,"body":"remember where I was sitting, it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":171.39,"endTime":175.59,"body":"was probably 18 months into the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":171.39,"endTime":175.59,"body":"project. I'd been travelling and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":175.59,"endTime":179.79,"body":"filming in Europe and Japan at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":175.59,"endTime":179.79,"body":"the time and trying to find out"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":179.79,"endTime":182.52,"body":"what was common between these"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":179.79,"endTime":182.52,"body":"countries, there had to be a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":182.52,"endTime":185.97,"body":"common connection yet no one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":182.52,"endTime":185.97,"body":"could kneel as to what that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":186.0,"endTime":189.06,"body":"might be. In Japan, it was work"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":186.0,"endTime":189.06,"body":"life balance in Europe, it was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":189.06,"endTime":194.79,"body":"youth unemployment, etc, etc."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":189.06,"endTime":194.79,"body":"But there was a moment when I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":194.79,"endTime":199.53,"body":"merged together two datasets"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":194.79,"endTime":199.53,"body":"from the UN. I don't think it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":199.53,"endTime":202.05,"body":"ever been done before. And it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":199.53,"endTime":202.05,"body":"part of an academic paper. I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":202.05,"endTime":205.47,"body":"writing myself now to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":202.05,"endTime":205.47,"body":"documenting it all. But it looks"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":205.53,"endTime":210.15,"body":"at family structure, family"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":205.53,"endTime":210.15,"body":"sizes, across the decades the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":210.15,"endTime":213.84,"body":"number of children people are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":210.15,"endTime":213.84,"body":"having. And from that what I was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":213.93,"endTime":219.3,"body":"able to deduce was societal"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":213.93,"endTime":219.3,"body":"childlessness. And that was that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":219.3,"endTime":221.94,"body":"aha moment because what I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":219.3,"endTime":221.94,"body":"realised that had happened in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":221.97,"endTime":226.29,"body":"all of these countries. at the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":221.97,"endTime":226.29,"body":"exact moment, birth rates fell,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":227.04,"endTime":231.51,"body":"an explosion and childlessness"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":227.04,"endTime":231.51,"body":"occurred down to the month"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":231.51,"endTime":234.84,"body":"almost, it was just one of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":231.51,"endTime":234.84,"body":"most striking trends you could"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":235.17,"endTime":239.4,"body":"ever imagine. And the other side"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":235.17,"endTime":239.4,"body":"of the equation is that family"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":239.4,"endTime":244.08,"body":"structure has barely changed at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":239.4,"endTime":244.08,"body":"all. So that what they mean is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":244.08,"endTime":247.23,"body":"that the number of when we talk"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":244.08,"endTime":247.23,"body":"of mothers, because we have a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":247.23,"endTime":250.2,"body":"lot of data on Mothers, its"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":247.23,"endTime":250.2,"body":"parents, really, but just to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":250.2,"endTime":254.43,"body":"talk about, from a data point of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":250.2,"endTime":254.43,"body":"view, the pores of mothers who"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":254.43,"endTime":257.7,"body":"are having two children might be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":254.43,"endTime":257.7,"body":"typically 40 50%. in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":257.7,"endTime":261.48,"body":"country, that hasn't changed for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":257.7,"endTime":261.48,"body":"decades, nor has a number having"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":261.51,"endTime":267.27,"body":"one two, well, 12345 even in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":261.51,"endTime":267.27,"body":"Japan, I don't know the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":267.27,"endTime":270.36,"body":"statistic at hand. But going"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":267.27,"endTime":270.36,"body":"back to the 70s, the proportion"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":270.36,"endTime":273.54,"body":"of mother's having 10 Children,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":270.36,"endTime":273.54,"body":"it was always small, but it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":273.54,"endTime":277.74,"body":"the same today as it was 50"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":273.54,"endTime":277.74,"body":"years ago. So the only thing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":277.74,"endTime":282.48,"body":"that's changed the significance"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":277.74,"endTime":282.48,"body":"was the number of women number"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":282.48,"endTime":284.55,"body":"of people having no children at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":282.48,"endTime":284.55,"body":"all."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":285.72,"endTime":289.41,"body":"And so that was quite shocking."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":285.72,"endTime":289.41,"body":"And you show this really clearly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":289.41,"endTime":292.62,"body":"through graph in your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":289.41,"endTime":292.62,"body":"documentary after a lot of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":292.62,"endTime":293.34,"body":"research."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":295.17,"endTime":300.75,"body":"Well, it was a strange moment"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":295.17,"endTime":300.75,"body":"for me because I'm And that was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":300.75,"endTime":303.87,"body":"a moment I and I felt I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":300.75,"endTime":303.87,"body":"understood what's been happening"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":303.9,"endTime":307.26,"body":"up until that point. I mean, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":303.9,"endTime":307.26,"body":"signed a documentary that I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":307.26,"endTime":310.44,"body":"couldn't sleep, but actually"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":307.26,"endTime":310.44,"body":"mean that I mean, I was waking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":310.44,"endTime":313.74,"body":"up in the middle of the night,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":310.44,"endTime":313.74,"body":"thinking, why would humanity?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":313.74,"endTime":318.72,"body":"Why would our species, all of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":313.74,"endTime":318.72,"body":"them, starting at the same time,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":319.08,"endTime":323.43,"body":"in not just Japan, but it was an"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":319.08,"endTime":323.43,"body":"early 70s, Japan, Italy, Spain,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":323.46,"endTime":327.51,"body":"Germany, suddenly have this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":323.46,"endTime":327.51,"body":"trend of low birth rates, yet"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":327.51,"endTime":330.3,"body":"they got different cultures, no"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":327.51,"endTime":330.3,"body":"one's ever connected them? And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":330.3,"endTime":334.44,"body":"then why would it slowly spread"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":330.3,"endTime":334.44,"body":"to country after country after"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":334.44,"endTime":339.39,"body":"country? Right up to the present"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":334.44,"endTime":339.39,"body":"day. And you know, that doesn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":339.39,"endTime":343.35,"body":"happen for other species, it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":339.39,"endTime":343.35,"body":"something fundamental would have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":343.35,"endTime":349.38,"body":"had to cause that. And every"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":343.35,"endTime":349.38,"body":"single idea, of course, there's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":349.38,"endTime":352.38,"body":"many ideas that people have and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":349.38,"endTime":352.38,"body":"for their own personal lives,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":352.38,"endTime":356.58,"body":"they may well be true. But if I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":352.38,"endTime":356.58,"body":"can just cover off one, a lot of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":356.58,"endTime":360.51,"body":"people today make comments is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":356.58,"endTime":360.51,"body":"because of finance that people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":360.51,"endTime":364.8,"body":"today have, you know, less money"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":360.51,"endTime":364.8,"body":"than before less disposable"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":364.8,"endTime":368.76,"body":"income, perhaps. And I know that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":364.8,"endTime":368.76,"body":"for many, finance is a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":368.76,"endTime":372.48,"body":"challenge. But when you look at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":368.76,"endTime":372.48,"body":"the data, what actually people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":372.48,"endTime":376.2,"body":"earn more, they don't start"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":372.48,"endTime":376.2,"body":"having more children, they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":376.53,"endTime":381.45,"body":"perhaps do other things, or what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":376.53,"endTime":381.45,"body":"usually happens is that people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":381.45,"endTime":384.63,"body":"just delay things further. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":381.45,"endTime":384.63,"body":"you cannot say that this is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":384.63,"endTime":389.13,"body":"caused by people having less"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":384.63,"endTime":389.13,"body":"less funds available, even"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":389.13,"endTime":392.13,"body":"though that may be a very real"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":389.13,"endTime":392.13,"body":"thing for many people or indeed"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":392.13,"endTime":395.1,"body":"things like gardens many people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":392.13,"endTime":395.1,"body":"have and governments have tried"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":395.1,"endTime":398.88,"body":"to solve this by offering more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":395.1,"endTime":398.88,"body":"kindergarten options. That's a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":398.88,"endTime":401.64,"body":"good thing. I'm sure these but"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":398.88,"endTime":401.64,"body":"when you look at the data, when"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":401.64,"endTime":404.37,"body":"you increase the number of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":401.64,"endTime":404.37,"body":"kindergartens, the birth rate"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":404.37,"endTime":409.89,"body":"doesn't go up. So when I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":404.37,"endTime":409.89,"body":"therefore saw childlessness, it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":410.31,"endTime":414.48,"body":"gave me my first opportunity to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":410.31,"endTime":414.48,"body":"start thinking, okay, now I know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":414.48,"endTime":417.75,"body":"what's what the reason is, why"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":414.48,"endTime":417.75,"body":"have we got a trend and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":417.75,"endTime":420.48,"body":"childlessness? And that really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":417.75,"endTime":420.48,"body":"has been, you know, I guess my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":421.47,"endTime":424.74,"body":"that's become my my passion,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":421.47,"endTime":424.74,"body":"unexpectedly since since that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":424.74,"endTime":425.07,"body":"time."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":425.28,"endTime":429.69,"body":"So as you nailed it, the the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":425.28,"endTime":429.69,"body":"kind of guiding principle is why"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":429.69,"endTime":432.09,"body":"is this happening all over the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":429.69,"endTime":432.09,"body":"world? Not because whenever you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":432.09,"endTime":435.87,"body":"mentioned this, people always"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":432.09,"endTime":435.87,"body":"say Japan, and that's an outlier"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":435.87,"endTime":438.84,"body":"case, or that's the instant"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":435.87,"endTime":438.84,"body":"reaction you get when you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":438.84,"endTime":443.7,"body":"mention this information. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":438.84,"endTime":443.7,"body":"then they might say, and then"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":443.7,"endTime":446.16,"body":"you'll talk about Germany, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":443.7,"endTime":446.16,"body":"then you'll talk about Spain,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":446.16,"endTime":450.51,"body":"because they're also in Italy,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":446.16,"endTime":450.51,"body":"that they're more in the press."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":450.51,"endTime":455.58,"body":"But what's been your guiding"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":450.51,"endTime":455.58,"body":"principle as to the kind of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":455.61,"endTime":459.84,"body":"global phenomenon of this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":455.61,"endTime":459.84,"body":"unintended childlessness?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":462.24,"endTime":466.8,"body":"Yeah, just by the way, the term"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":462.24,"endTime":466.8,"body":"I'm starting to use, is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":466.8,"endTime":470.49,"body":"unplanned childlessness. It's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":466.8,"endTime":470.49,"body":"unintended as exactly right. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":470.64,"endTime":472.68,"body":"I think there's something about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":470.64,"endTime":472.68,"body":"calling this unplanned"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":472.68,"endTime":475.5,"body":"childlessness, because it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":472.68,"endTime":475.5,"body":"implies that we need to make"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":475.5,"endTime":479.49,"body":"some planning well, that without"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":475.5,"endTime":479.49,"body":"planning, there's an academic"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":479.49,"endTime":484.95,"body":"called a professor ENSCO Kaiser"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":479.49,"endTime":484.95,"body":"who has written a vast amount of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":484.95,"endTime":488.85,"body":"information about this general"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":484.95,"endTime":488.85,"body":"topic of childlessness. And what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":488.85,"endTime":494.94,"body":"she explains is that it's the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":488.85,"endTime":494.94,"body":"word, that word that she doesn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":494.94,"endTime":499.56,"body":"like is the word choice. Meaning"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":494.94,"endTime":499.56,"body":"that there's no real moment in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":499.56,"endTime":502.71,"body":"time when people choose to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":499.56,"endTime":502.71,"body":"become parents, you're hoping"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":502.71,"endTime":506.04,"body":"that certain events happen at a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":502.71,"endTime":506.04,"body":"certain moment in time. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":506.07,"endTime":509.31,"body":"rarely is a case of okay, I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":506.07,"endTime":509.31,"body":"going to make that choice when"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":509.31,"endTime":514.08,"body":"32 or 29. First you need to have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":509.31,"endTime":514.08,"body":"the right partner you lots of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":514.08,"endTime":517.11,"body":"things in your life need to line"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":514.08,"endTime":517.11,"body":"up. So what usually ends up"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":517.11,"endTime":521.85,"body":"happening for people who do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":517.11,"endTime":521.85,"body":"become childless. And among in a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":521.85,"endTime":525.81,"body":"moment that we'll talk about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":521.85,"endTime":525.81,"body":"people who do do choose not to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":525.81,"endTime":529.47,"body":"be childless, that's different."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":525.81,"endTime":529.47,"body":"But for the people, the majority"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":529.47,"endTime":533.04,"body":"of people who are looking to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":529.47,"endTime":533.04,"body":"become parents who don't, it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":533.04,"endTime":537.39,"body":"just the case of life drifts"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":533.04,"endTime":537.39,"body":"off. And that moment never"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":537.57,"endTime":541.68,"body":"happens at the right time, or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":537.57,"endTime":541.68,"body":"when we get to that moment."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":542.88,"endTime":546.18,"body":"Fertility challenges have kicked"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":542.88,"endTime":546.18,"body":"in. And this is this is where"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":546.18,"endTime":552.36,"body":"you get into deeply harrowing."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":546.18,"endTime":552.36,"body":"Areas where, you know, I was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":552.36,"endTime":555.69,"body":"pulled into conversation after"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":552.36,"endTime":555.69,"body":"conversation with women and men"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":556.77,"endTime":560.13,"body":"who are still trying to come to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":556.77,"endTime":560.13,"body":"terms with the fact that, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":560.13,"endTime":565.26,"body":"know, this unplanned eventuality"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":560.13,"endTime":565.26,"body":"that this outcome for their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":565.26,"endTime":569.4,"body":"life, trying to reflect and how"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":565.26,"endTime":569.4,"body":"did that happen? How is it that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":569.4,"endTime":572.52,"body":"that life just went that way? So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":569.4,"endTime":572.52,"body":"the good back, I think, to your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":572.52,"endTime":576.3,"body":"question as to, you know, why is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":572.52,"endTime":576.3,"body":"this happening in so many"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":576.3,"endTime":579.21,"body":"countries starting in Japan,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":576.3,"endTime":579.21,"body":"Italy, Germany, you know, in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":579.21,"endTime":584.52,"body":"early 1970s. There's certain"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":579.21,"endTime":584.52,"body":"lifestyle changes that I think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":584.52,"endTime":590.04,"body":"have occurred in that time. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":584.52,"endTime":590.04,"body":"I want to be really clear, we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":590.04,"endTime":593.19,"body":"cannot go backwards to a time"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":590.04,"endTime":593.19,"body":"when we take away women's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":593.19,"endTime":596.19,"body":"education or women's careers."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":593.19,"endTime":596.19,"body":"Absolutely. I will kind of be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":596.19,"endTime":600.12,"body":"the strongest defender of all of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":596.19,"endTime":600.12,"body":"those things. What I think think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":600.12,"endTime":603.15,"body":"has happened, though, is that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":600.12,"endTime":603.15,"body":"we've pushed, we're, we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":603.15,"endTime":606.03,"body":"pushing people more and more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":603.15,"endTime":606.03,"body":"towards the end of their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":606.03,"endTime":611.07,"body":"fertility window women men, of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":606.03,"endTime":611.07,"body":"course, we've simply made it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":611.07,"endTime":614.85,"body":"more challenging for, for women"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":611.07,"endTime":614.85,"body":"to get the education, the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":614.85,"endTime":617.46,"body":"training that they want to get"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":614.85,"endTime":617.46,"body":"it to a certain point in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":617.46,"endTime":621.84,"body":"career path. And on a societal"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":617.46,"endTime":621.84,"body":"level, that there's this effect."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":622.62,"endTime":625.62,"body":"There's a famous economist whose"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":622.62,"endTime":625.62,"body":"name I forget, you know, set up"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":625.62,"endTime":630.99,"body":"very succinctly some time ago,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":625.62,"endTime":630.99,"body":"just as a general motivation, we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":630.99,"endTime":634.38,"body":"tend to do what everybody else"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":630.99,"endTime":634.38,"body":"is doing as success as a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":634.38,"endTime":637.83,"body":"society. So if our friends are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":634.38,"endTime":637.83,"body":"not having kids are not thinking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":637.83,"endTime":641.46,"body":"of it until another two or three"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":637.83,"endTime":641.46,"body":"years, it seems that that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":641.46,"endTime":645.18,"body":"becomes the right thing for us"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":641.46,"endTime":645.18,"body":"to do too, because it becomes a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":645.18,"endTime":652.71,"body":"societal norm. And whatever it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":645.18,"endTime":652.71,"body":"is, you can certainly see, I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":652.71,"endTime":655.56,"body":"not give away the full details"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":652.71,"endTime":655.56,"body":"of the documentary, there's a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":655.56,"endTime":658.47,"body":"lot of people to explore, to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":655.56,"endTime":658.47,"body":"experience the story themselves."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":658.47,"endTime":661.98,"body":"But certain things were"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":658.47,"endTime":661.98,"body":"happening in Japan and Italy and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":661.98,"endTime":664.95,"body":"Germany around that time,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":661.98,"endTime":664.95,"body":"there's financial instability at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":664.95,"endTime":668.31,"body":"that time, that I think cause"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":664.95,"endTime":668.31,"body":"people to think, Okay, well,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":668.31,"endTime":672.15,"body":"let's work for a few more years,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":668.31,"endTime":672.15,"body":"let's defer having a child a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":672.15,"endTime":675.96,"body":"little bit, we can always do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":672.15,"endTime":675.96,"body":"that later, let's focus on work,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":675.96,"endTime":678.72,"body":"because that seems the right"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":675.96,"endTime":678.72,"body":"thing to do, on what you've just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":678.72,"endTime":681.45,"body":"done, that is reinvent society"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":678.72,"endTime":681.45,"body":"where that becomes a societal"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":681.45,"endTime":684.27,"body":"norm now. or so?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":684.839,"endTime":688.469,"body":"Well, when you think about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":684.839,"endTime":688.469,"body":"German English, not English, but"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":688.469,"endTime":693.239,"body":"language, and how we develop as"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":688.469,"endTime":693.239,"body":"a species around language, it is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":693.239,"endTime":695.639,"body":"completely fluid through the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":693.239,"endTime":695.639,"body":"mirror neuron system, what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":695.639,"endTime":699.059,"body":"you're describing there. So how"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":695.639,"endTime":699.059,"body":"birds flock together, fly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":699.059,"endTime":704.189,"body":"together, they learned together,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":699.059,"endTime":704.189,"body":"like as simple concepts. It is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":704.189,"endTime":707.909,"body":"really, like it is really like"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":704.189,"endTime":707.909,"body":"that it's an exponential, it can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":707.909,"endTime":711.659,"body":"start out small. And then people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":707.909,"endTime":711.659,"body":"start to see things good about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":711.659,"endTime":714.449,"body":"this phenomena, and then they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":711.659,"endTime":714.449,"body":"and then it literally is like an"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":714.449,"endTime":718.109,"body":"energetic change that can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":714.449,"endTime":718.109,"body":"happen. And it can spread in an"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":718.109,"endTime":722.159,"body":"exponential way. Just like if"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":718.109,"endTime":722.159,"body":"you look at my mums, and dads"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":722.159,"endTime":725.459,"body":"era, everyone was having, they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":722.159,"endTime":725.459,"body":"had a small family having four"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":725.459,"endTime":729.449,"body":"children, where we were most"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":725.459,"endTime":729.449,"body":"people had, between in a small"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":729.449,"endTime":732.329,"body":"country town had between seven"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":729.449,"endTime":732.329,"body":"and 12. That's who I grew up"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":732.329,"endTime":736.289,"body":"with. But me I'm a lot of their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":732.329,"endTime":736.289,"body":"friends have four or five kids."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":737.309,"endTime":740.219,"body":"And I look at all my friends,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":737.309,"endTime":740.219,"body":"the next generation, we have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":740.219,"endTime":742.529,"body":"between two and three, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":740.219,"endTime":742.529,"body":"anyone that has four is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":742.529,"endTime":746.129,"body":"considered having a large"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":742.529,"endTime":746.129,"body":"family. And now I look at my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":746.129,"endTime":750.119,"body":"children that are Annie had to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":746.129,"endTime":750.119,"body":"yeah, there's my daughter and my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":750.119,"endTime":753.869,"body":"son. And so you can see what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":750.119,"endTime":753.869,"body":"you're saying is really is a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":753.869,"endTime":756.569,"body":"social phenomenon, in some"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":753.869,"endTime":756.569,"body":"sense, as well."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":758.28,"endTime":761.37,"body":"And, you know, a lot of people,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":758.28,"endTime":761.37,"body":"myself included, talk about the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":761.37,"endTime":764.7,"body":"future economic impact of that."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":761.37,"endTime":764.7,"body":"And that can be a little bit"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":764.7,"endTime":770.01,"body":"cold, frankly, because you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":764.7,"endTime":770.01,"body":"in some ways, certainly, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":770.01,"endTime":774.78,"body":"would have got pushback when"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":770.01,"endTime":774.78,"body":"people say, Oh, this is just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":774.78,"endTime":779.13,"body":"about government's just the more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":774.78,"endTime":779.13,"body":"money or corporations, the more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":779.13,"endTime":784.98,"body":"consumers. But it's, it's it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":779.13,"endTime":784.98,"body":"so much more than that, in terms"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":784.98,"endTime":788.07,"body":"of how it will affect pensions"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":784.98,"endTime":788.07,"body":"and the ability to take care of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":788.07,"endTime":791.67,"body":"the elderly, and provide enough"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":788.07,"endTime":791.67,"body":"health care and welfare for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":791.67,"endTime":796.95,"body":"them. But if you move all that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":791.67,"endTime":796.95,"body":"to one side, important as it is,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":797.7,"endTime":801.57,"body":"it comes back to a reality that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":797.7,"endTime":801.57,"body":"most of our industrialised"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":801.57,"endTime":806.61,"body":"economies today, somewhere"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":801.57,"endTime":806.61,"body":"around 30% of people are ending"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":806.61,"endTime":810.09,"body":"up childless. And the vast"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":806.61,"endTime":810.09,"body":"majority of those it was not by"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":810.09,"endTime":815.28,"body":"choice, it was unplanned. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":810.09,"endTime":815.28,"body":"when you look at for many of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":815.28,"endTime":821.31,"body":"those people, how traumatic that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":815.28,"endTime":821.31,"body":"is to accept, I know there'll be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":821.31,"endTime":823.95,"body":"people listening to this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":821.31,"endTime":823.95,"body":"podcast, and it may be a subject"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":823.95,"endTime":828.87,"body":"that is very difficult to listen"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":823.95,"endTime":828.87,"body":"to. Because a society's we've,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":828.99,"endTime":833.46,"body":"this is a hidden problem. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":828.99,"endTime":833.46,"body":"we're not aware of just what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":833.64,"endTime":839.34,"body":"level of suffering rays for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":833.64,"endTime":839.34,"body":"many, many people. So if you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":839.34,"endTime":843.09,"body":"looking for me at what you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":839.34,"endTime":843.09,"body":"saying there, but birds flocking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":843.09,"endTime":845.88,"body":"together gives me hope and a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":843.09,"endTime":845.88,"body":"sense that we can in some way"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":845.88,"endTime":849.63,"body":"reverse this just by starting to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":845.88,"endTime":849.63,"body":"understand, to talk to each"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":849.63,"endTime":853.56,"body":"other more about the reality"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":849.63,"endTime":853.56,"body":"that for many people who want"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":853.56,"endTime":856.71,"body":"children life will just follow"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":853.56,"endTime":856.71,"body":"its course if we don't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":856.71,"endTime":862.86,"body":"reengineer things in some way."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":856.71,"endTime":862.86,"body":"And that this is a good thing,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":862.86,"endTime":866.76,"body":"because not only will it help"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":862.86,"endTime":866.76,"body":"people who to fulfil their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":866.76,"endTime":870.48,"body":"lives, what they wanted to do,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":866.76,"endTime":870.48,"body":"as well as helping the elderly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":870.48,"endTime":875.94,"body":"people who need support through,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":870.48,"endTime":875.94,"body":"you know, the growth of our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":875.94,"endTime":879.99,"body":"economies in some way. So this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":875.94,"endTime":879.99,"body":"is a subject that touches so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":879.99,"endTime":881.28,"body":"many different areas. Yeah,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":881.28,"endTime":884.49,"body":"well touches all of us, doesn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":881.28,"endTime":884.49,"body":"it. So let's just have some of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":884.49,"endTime":890.76,"body":"these difficult conversations"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":884.49,"endTime":890.76,"body":"now about the topic that really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":890.88,"endTime":896.01,"body":"put people in two camps in some"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":890.88,"endTime":896.01,"body":"way. Because obviously, I've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":896.01,"endTime":898.92,"body":"reflected all of these"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":896.01,"endTime":898.92,"body":"conversations immediately to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":899.13,"endTime":903.66,"body":"appeal in Miami. It circle added"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":899.13,"endTime":903.66,"body":"between 20 and 32. And then"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":903.69,"endTime":908.1,"body":"outwards for friends, family,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":903.69,"endTime":908.1,"body":"etc. And the push back"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":908.1,"endTime":912.06,"body":"straightaway, which I know you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":908.1,"endTime":912.06,"body":"get all the time. And this is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":912.18,"endTime":916.26,"body":"close people. So we have a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":912.18,"endTime":916.26,"body":"population explosion, this is a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":916.26,"endTime":920.4,"body":"really good thing. Because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":916.26,"endTime":920.4,"body":"these, this generation care a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":920.4,"endTime":923.49,"body":"lot about the environment and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":920.4,"endTime":923.49,"body":"the environment is going to end"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":923.52,"endTime":926.58,"body":"the world anyway. So why would"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":923.52,"endTime":926.58,"body":"we want to bring more children"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":926.58,"endTime":933.45,"body":"into this? Into this, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":926.58,"endTime":933.45,"body":"kind of new world? Don't you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":933.45,"endTime":936.21,"body":"think this is a really good"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":933.45,"endTime":936.21,"body":"thing. So that would be one of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":936.21,"endTime":939.84,"body":"the biggest push backs, I would"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":936.21,"endTime":939.84,"body":"say, in the generation in my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":939.87,"endTime":941.79,"body":"children's generation, for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":939.87,"endTime":941.79,"body":"example."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":942.81,"endTime":946.83,"body":"Yeah, you know, there's so many"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":942.81,"endTime":946.83,"body":"ways I could start this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":946.83,"endTime":951.87,"body":"conversation. But let me put"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":946.83,"endTime":951.87,"body":"something out there. First of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":951.87,"endTime":958.23,"body":"all, we cannot scale"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":951.87,"endTime":958.23,"body":"populations. It's not like being"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":958.23,"endTime":962.01,"body":"in an aeroplane where you're at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":958.23,"endTime":962.01,"body":"a certain altitude. And you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":962.01,"endTime":964.38,"body":"know, the captain says, we're a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":962.01,"endTime":964.38,"body":"little bit too high, we're gonna"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":964.38,"endTime":967.98,"body":"go down by 10,000 feet, and that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":964.38,"endTime":967.98,"body":"is all smooth and you barely"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":967.98,"endTime":971.94,"body":"notice, population trends don't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":967.98,"endTime":971.94,"body":"behave that way. You either"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":971.94,"endTime":975.66,"body":"spiral upwards, you stay about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":971.94,"endTime":975.66,"body":"the same, or you spiral"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":975.66,"endTime":981.69,"body":"downwards. And what is about to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":975.66,"endTime":981.69,"body":"happen, because it starts"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":981.69,"endTime":985.32,"body":"slowly, it takes decades to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":981.69,"endTime":985.32,"body":"actually know this is a downward"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":985.32,"endTime":989.4,"body":"spiral. And in this case, the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":985.32,"endTime":989.4,"body":"unfortunate thing is, when we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":989.4,"endTime":994.23,"body":"in that downward spiral, there's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":989.4,"endTime":994.23,"body":"no rules as to how to stop it."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":994.65,"endTime":999.21,"body":"No one knows actually how we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":994.65,"endTime":999.21,"body":"assist societies ever go back to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":999.21,"endTime":1002.78,"body":"replacement level average of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":999.21,"endTime":1002.78,"body":"around two surviving for a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1002.78,"endTime":1006.62,"body":"woman. So we better start"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1002.78,"endTime":1006.62,"body":"thinking about this now, because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1006.62,"endTime":1008.54,"body":"someone has to figure out at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1006.62,"endTime":1008.54,"body":"some point, some future"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1008.54,"endTime":1012.35,"body":"generation is going to have to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1008.54,"endTime":1012.35,"body":"stabilise birth rates. So the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1012.35,"endTime":1015.38,"body":"idea that we can just go lie"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1012.35,"endTime":1015.38,"body":"down without thinking about it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1015.38,"endTime":1020.21,"body":"just mathematically is not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1015.38,"endTime":1020.21,"body":"right. Now, are there too many"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1020.21,"endTime":1022.91,"body":"people in the planet? Some"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1020.21,"endTime":1022.91,"body":"people say yes, some people say"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1022.91,"endTime":1026.81,"body":"no. Do we have environmental"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1022.91,"endTime":1026.81,"body":"challenges? Of course, I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1027.44,"endTime":1031.85,"body":"absolutely on that side. But I,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1027.44,"endTime":1031.85,"body":"you know, in terms of what those"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1031.85,"endTime":1035.45,"body":"challenges are, and what the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1031.85,"endTime":1035.45,"body":"solutions are, if you're to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1035.45,"endTime":1040.88,"body":"think that a solution might be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1035.45,"endTime":1040.88,"body":"having less people, it's going"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1040.88,"endTime":1045.17,"body":"to take an exceptionally long"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1040.88,"endTime":1045.17,"body":"time to ever have an impact. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1045.17,"endTime":1048.65,"body":"the impact will be almost like a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1045.17,"endTime":1048.65,"body":"rounding error. So let me"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1048.65,"endTime":1054.74,"body":"explain. Consumption today is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1048.65,"endTime":1054.74,"body":"based on a report published in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1054.74,"endTime":1059.75,"body":"Nature last year by seminary"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1054.74,"endTime":1059.75,"body":"professors, if you look at the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1060.05,"endTime":1063.92,"body":"age groups that consume most"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1060.05,"endTime":1063.92,"body":"that have the largest footprint"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1064.16,"endTime":1069.2,"body":"that's between 30 and 65, people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1064.16,"endTime":1069.2,"body":"under 30, are responsible for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1069.2,"endTime":1072.95,"body":"around 8% of our footprint. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1069.2,"endTime":1072.95,"body":"if you're talking to people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1072.95,"endTime":1076.16,"body":"today, in their 20s, who are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1072.95,"endTime":1076.16,"body":"probably thinking of having a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1076.16,"endTime":1081.53,"body":"family, you know, 10 years out,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1076.16,"endTime":1081.53,"body":"let's say it would be another 30"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1081.53,"endTime":1087.02,"body":"years beyond that, before you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1081.53,"endTime":1087.02,"body":"get to the 8% point. So we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1087.05,"endTime":1092.48,"body":"looking at a 40 year window."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1087.05,"endTime":1092.48,"body":"Now, that would be 8%, you'd"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1092.48,"endTime":1096.68,"body":"only reduce by 8%. If there are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1092.48,"endTime":1096.68,"body":"no children anymore, if there's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1096.68,"endTime":1101.54,"body":"no children in the world, that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1096.68,"endTime":1101.54,"body":"print would go on for another 40"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1101.54,"endTime":1106.67,"body":"years, I will be a supporter for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1101.54,"endTime":1106.67,"body":"everyone to simply have the life"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1106.67,"endTime":1110.63,"body":"that they want. I think what we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1106.67,"endTime":1110.63,"body":"have underestimated, though,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1110.63,"endTime":1115.52,"body":"however, is that I think the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1110.63,"endTime":1115.52,"body":"assumption for most people would"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1115.52,"endTime":1119.9,"body":"have been certainly for me is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1115.52,"endTime":1119.9,"body":"that most people who don't have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1119.9,"endTime":1125.51,"body":"children, for life, either chose"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1119.9,"endTime":1125.51,"body":"it, that that's what they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1125.51,"endTime":1130.31,"body":"wanted, or they had some medical"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1125.51,"endTime":1130.31,"body":"problems. It turns out both"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1130.31,"endTime":1133.82,"body":"those things are actually the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1130.31,"endTime":1133.82,"body":"minority significant minority."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1134.63,"endTime":1138.5,"body":"Professor Kaiser and her"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1134.63,"endTime":1138.5,"body":"research has estimated something"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1138.5,"endTime":1143.09,"body":"like 80% people without children"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1138.5,"endTime":1143.09,"body":"actually had plant of children."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1144.47,"endTime":1147.98,"body":"There's a bit of a grey area"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1144.47,"endTime":1147.98,"body":"around that where some people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1149.69,"endTime":1153.53,"body":"How can you say, through trying"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1149.69,"endTime":1153.53,"body":"to not have descendants kind of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1153.53,"endTime":1158.33,"body":"just move on and forget about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1153.53,"endTime":1158.33,"body":"that. But I've seen a two cases"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1158.48,"endTime":1161.81,"body":"of talking to a woman 40s and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1158.48,"endTime":1161.81,"body":"50s, who initially told me that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1161.81,"endTime":1166.13,"body":"they hadn't wanted children and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1161.81,"endTime":1166.13,"body":"the up breaking down and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1166.58,"endTime":1170.21,"body":"remembering that they had wanted"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1166.58,"endTime":1170.21,"body":"children and they've been kind"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1170.21,"endTime":1174.62,"body":"of develop some coping"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1170.21,"endTime":1174.62,"body":"mechanism. And maybe that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1174.62,"endTime":1177.41,"body":"fine. In many, many cases. This"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1174.62,"endTime":1177.41,"body":"is more your expertise than"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1177.41,"endTime":1182.42,"body":"mine. But what I could see, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1177.41,"endTime":1182.42,"body":"think at a societal level, we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1182.42,"endTime":1184.73,"body":"have to understand that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1182.42,"endTime":1184.73,"body":"actually, the vast majority"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1184.73,"endTime":1189.35,"body":"people it's surveys would"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1184.73,"endTime":1189.35,"body":"suggest it's around 95% of us"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1189.5,"endTime":1192.68,"body":"have some innate desire to have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1189.5,"endTime":1192.68,"body":"a family. Yeah."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1193.88,"endTime":1196.88,"body":"There's a couple of things that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1193.88,"endTime":1196.88,"body":"are that come through my mind"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1196.88,"endTime":1199.97,"body":"from the modern wisdom podcast"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1196.88,"endTime":1199.97,"body":"that I'd love to touch on here."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1200.78,"endTime":1203.54,"body":"It's such an important"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1200.78,"endTime":1203.54,"body":"conversation because for so long"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1203.54,"endTime":1206.66,"body":"women have had zero power in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1203.54,"endTime":1206.66,"body":"terms of leadership and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1206.66,"endTime":1209.78,"body":"development and education. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1206.66,"endTime":1209.78,"body":"many societies actually got rid"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1209.78,"endTime":1213.11,"body":"of women or value men over women"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1209.78,"endTime":1213.11,"body":"in their culture. But now"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1213.11,"endTime":1217.55,"body":"they're asking for women to step"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1213.11,"endTime":1217.55,"body":"up and fix the problem again."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1218.3,"endTime":1222.62,"body":"But what you're saying is what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1218.3,"endTime":1222.62,"body":"we have to do is recognise that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1223.7,"endTime":1227.66,"body":"it's not against women being"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1223.7,"endTime":1227.66,"body":"educated, that will solve this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1227.66,"endTime":1230.09,"body":"problem. It's about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1227.66,"endTime":1230.09,"body":"understanding that we're all in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1230.09,"endTime":1235.01,"body":"this together. And that we can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1230.09,"endTime":1235.01,"body":"read, make our organisation"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1235.01,"endTime":1237.77,"body":"like, even still, if you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1235.01,"endTime":1237.77,"body":"pregnant now and you're in a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1237.77,"endTime":1241.73,"body":"workplace, it's really difficult"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1237.77,"endTime":1241.73,"body":"to get promoted. Still, I know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1241.73,"endTime":1244.85,"body":"it's a lot better. And we talk"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1241.73,"endTime":1244.85,"body":"about more women being educated"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1244.85,"endTime":1247.67,"body":"at universities. But the reality"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1244.85,"endTime":1247.67,"body":"is, as me being a woman"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1247.67,"endTime":1251.54,"body":"professor in science, you can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1247.67,"endTime":1251.54,"body":"imagine what I faced in the 90s,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1251.75,"endTime":1257.15,"body":"just to become a professor, it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1251.75,"endTime":1257.15,"body":"very unusual. You know, it was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1257.15,"endTime":1259.85,"body":"very difficult. Put it that way."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1257.15,"endTime":1259.85,"body":"So what you're saying is, we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1259.85,"endTime":1265.04,"body":"going to have to rethink how we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1259.85,"endTime":1265.04,"body":"work together. To write it's not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1265.04,"endTime":1268.13,"body":"just, if we want to have more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1265.04,"endTime":1268.13,"body":"children or allow people to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1268.16,"endTime":1272.51,"body":"could want to have kids work and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1268.16,"endTime":1272.51,"body":"be successful in their careers,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1272.54,"endTime":1277.94,"body":"it has to be an acceptance and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1272.54,"endTime":1277.94,"body":"an embracing of people having"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1277.94,"endTime":1280.49,"body":"children, because that doesn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1277.94,"endTime":1280.49,"body":"exist right now, in most"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1280.49,"endTime":1283.31,"body":"organisations, still, I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1280.49,"endTime":1283.31,"body":"telling you, as someone that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1283.31,"endTime":1287.84,"body":"can see it, they're trying, they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1283.31,"endTime":1287.84,"body":"say it, but in reality, we don't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1287.84,"endTime":1291.11,"body":"share equally the work of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1287.84,"endTime":1291.11,"body":"home, we don't share equally,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1291.32,"endTime":1294.65,"body":"anything, really. But we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1291.32,"endTime":1294.65,"body":"expected to bring the children"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1294.65,"endTime":1298.01,"body":"into the world. So I think that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1294.65,"endTime":1298.01,"body":"whole conversation around what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1298.01,"endTime":1301.82,"body":"we can do to empower the society"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1298.01,"endTime":1301.82,"body":"to think differently around"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1301.82,"endTime":1305.03,"body":"gender and diversity is probably"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1301.82,"endTime":1305.03,"body":"one of the big conversations"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1305.03,"endTime":1307.1,"body":"that we would be able to have to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1308.36,"endTime":1312.11,"body":"this point, a documentary where"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1308.36,"endTime":1312.11,"body":"I am one of the the crew asked"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1312.11,"endTime":1315.8,"body":"me off off camera, you know, is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1312.11,"endTime":1315.8,"body":"this really a problem? And, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1315.8,"endTime":1319.94,"body":"know, how do we cope with it? I,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1315.8,"endTime":1319.94,"body":"I know I say that there has to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1319.94,"endTime":1323.0,"body":"be a fundamental change. It's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1319.94,"endTime":1323.0,"body":"isn't about making some small"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1323.0,"endTime":1327.11,"body":"tweaks to things, it's got to be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1323.0,"endTime":1327.11,"body":"something major. And what you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1327.11,"endTime":1330.59,"body":"hinting on there is just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1327.11,"endTime":1330.59,"body":"changing some corporate policies"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1330.59,"endTime":1335.03,"body":"to or increasing maternity"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1330.59,"endTime":1335.03,"body":"leave, or paternity leave. Those"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1335.03,"endTime":1337.22,"body":"only be good things, but they're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1335.03,"endTime":1337.22,"body":"not going to solve this this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1337.22,"endTime":1337.91,"body":"crisis."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1338.78,"endTime":1340.04,"body":"Well, I haven't so far I have."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1342.32,"endTime":1346.85,"body":"Where I get hope, though, is if"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1342.32,"endTime":1346.85,"body":"you put there's a backdrop here"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1346.85,"endTime":1351.65,"body":"that we all are living longer,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1346.85,"endTime":1351.65,"body":"and much as many of us would"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1351.65,"endTime":1356.15,"body":"like to continue to retire in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1351.65,"endTime":1356.15,"body":"our mid 60s, perhaps is the norm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1356.15,"endTime":1361.07,"body":"these days. You know, for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1356.15,"endTime":1361.07,"body":"younger people today, if you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1361.1,"endTime":1364.34,"body":"college age, now, the idea of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1361.1,"endTime":1364.34,"body":"retirement in mid 60s will be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1364.34,"endTime":1370.19,"body":"just unrealistic, almost"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1364.34,"endTime":1370.19,"body":"laughable, because the societies"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1370.19,"endTime":1373.52,"body":"will not be able to sustain the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1370.19,"endTime":1373.52,"body":"length of retirement and no two,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1373.52,"endTime":1376.49,"body":"three decades after that. And I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1373.52,"endTime":1376.49,"body":"don't think people will want to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1376.49,"endTime":1378.77,"body":"live those lives, because I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1376.49,"endTime":1378.77,"body":"think those decades are going to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1378.77,"endTime":1381.62,"body":"become more and more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1378.77,"endTime":1381.62,"body":"challenging. For the reasons"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1381.62,"endTime":1385.25,"body":"we've said. So careers, I think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1381.62,"endTime":1385.25,"body":"need to be spread over longer"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1385.25,"endTime":1389.66,"body":"periods of time. They need to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1385.25,"endTime":1389.66,"body":"ultimately morph into I think,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1389.72,"endTime":1394.28,"body":"second careers, or maybe third"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1389.72,"endTime":1394.28,"body":"careers careers that I've heard"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1394.28,"endTime":1398.66,"body":"of programmes. And I don't know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1394.28,"endTime":1398.66,"body":"if we separate actually, I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1398.66,"endTime":1401.3,"body":"based in Japan, I moved to Tokyo"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1398.66,"endTime":1401.3,"body":"and live here partly through"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1401.3,"endTime":1404.99,"body":"this project. And this partly to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1401.3,"endTime":1404.99,"body":"understand, you know, how Japan"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1404.99,"endTime":1408.29,"body":"is coping with this crisis. But,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1404.99,"endTime":1408.29,"body":"you know, I heard of programmes"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1408.29,"endTime":1411.53,"body":"here where people in their 80s"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1408.29,"endTime":1411.53,"body":"can do a few hours work a day in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1411.53,"endTime":1416.06,"body":"their homes, and still add value"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1411.53,"endTime":1416.06,"body":"and give back to societies."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1416.12,"endTime":1419.45,"body":"And so let's just start the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1416.12,"endTime":1419.45,"body":"podcast in her 80s in the Bay"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1419.45,"endTime":1421.31,"body":"Area, for example."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1421.85,"endTime":1424.76,"body":"Right. And I think it's a great"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1421.85,"endTime":1424.76,"body":"thing on every level, I think to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1424.76,"endTime":1430.1,"body":"have continued purpose, and also"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1424.76,"endTime":1430.1,"body":"continued community to help"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1430.1,"endTime":1432.32,"body":"break down the barriers of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1430.1,"endTime":1432.32,"body":"loneliness later in life, if"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1432.32,"endTime":1436.79,"body":"you're still interacting and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1432.32,"endTime":1436.79,"body":"producing something for society."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1436.79,"endTime":1439.88,"body":"I think that's overall good. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1436.79,"endTime":1439.88,"body":"to come back to the point down"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1439.88,"endTime":1443.54,"body":"about the when's the right time"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1439.88,"endTime":1443.54,"body":"to have children, I think we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1443.54,"endTime":1448.52,"body":"should make it much easier to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1443.54,"endTime":1448.52,"body":"have career gaps, to you know, a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1448.52,"endTime":1452.21,"body":"lot of mothers, fathers too, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1448.52,"endTime":1452.21,"body":"shouldn't just talk about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1452.21,"endTime":1455.72,"body":"mothers, it's too easy to do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1452.21,"endTime":1455.72,"body":"that. But people I think, should"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1455.72,"endTime":1460.49,"body":"be given the opportunities to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1455.72,"endTime":1460.49,"body":"spend more time raising a family"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1460.49,"endTime":1463.82,"body":"at a younger age, and then come"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1460.49,"endTime":1463.82,"body":"back to their career not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1463.82,"endTime":1467.87,"body":"compromised in any way. And one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1463.82,"endTime":1467.87,"body":"of the ways that this can be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1467.87,"endTime":1472.67,"body":"done, I believe is allowing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1467.87,"endTime":1472.67,"body":"younger people to effectively"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1472.67,"endTime":1477.02,"body":"start their main career in their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1472.67,"endTime":1477.02,"body":"early 30s. The idea of going"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1477.02,"endTime":1481.91,"body":"into corporations having"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1477.02,"endTime":1481.91,"body":"recruitment drives for people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1481.91,"endTime":1487.91,"body":"he's 32 to start their career."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1481.91,"endTime":1487.91,"body":"It happens but it's unusual."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1487.91,"endTime":1491.15,"body":"It's not the normal thing to do."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1487.91,"endTime":1491.15,"body":"It's a risky thing to plan on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1491.15,"endTime":1493.79,"body":"right now. might work out a few"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1491.15,"endTime":1493.79,"body":"might not have your thinking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1493.79,"endTime":1497.03,"body":"that way, but on a societal"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1493.79,"endTime":1497.03,"body":"level for that to be the norm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1497.54,"endTime":1500.42,"body":"that you do some work in your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1497.54,"endTime":1500.42,"body":"20s you find your way. You try"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1500.42,"endTime":1502.94,"body":"different educational paths to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1500.42,"endTime":1502.94,"body":"find the one you want, you might"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1502.94,"endTime":1506.66,"body":"have a family or start a family."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1502.94,"endTime":1506.66,"body":"And he's 32. Because you still"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1506.66,"endTime":1510.14,"body":"might be working on that same"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1506.66,"endTime":1510.14,"body":"career for the next 40 years, 50"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1510.17,"endTime":1513.35,"body":"years, you still have enough"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1510.17,"endTime":1513.35,"body":"time to develop and succeeded a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1513.35,"endTime":1513.86,"body":"career."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1513.95,"endTime":1517.4,"body":"And this makes me think about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1513.95,"endTime":1517.4,"body":"how the older generation also"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1517.4,"endTime":1522.8,"body":"have to recognise that they have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1517.4,"endTime":1522.8,"body":"to change to embrace these new"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1522.8,"endTime":1526.07,"body":"concepts of work for young"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1522.8,"endTime":1526.07,"body":"people. Because when you get"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1526.07,"endTime":1528.35,"body":"older, you get really stuck in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1526.07,"endTime":1528.35,"body":"new routines and your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1528.35,"endTime":1530.72,"body":"understanding of what a career"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1528.35,"endTime":1530.72,"body":"is, and you think that should"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1530.72,"endTime":1533.96,"body":"apply for many generations"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1530.72,"endTime":1533.96,"body":"before you. So this is where the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1533.96,"endTime":1537.41,"body":"lifelong learning, changing your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1533.96,"endTime":1537.41,"body":"mindset to embrace these, this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1537.41,"endTime":1540.44,"body":"new way of thinking is so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1537.41,"endTime":1540.44,"body":"important to across the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1540.44,"endTime":1544.4,"body":"lifespan? You know, that's hard,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1540.44,"endTime":1544.4,"body":"isn't it? As you get older to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1544.4,"endTime":1547.04,"body":"think that all those young"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1544.4,"endTime":1547.04,"body":"people let you know, by this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1547.04,"endTime":1550.46,"body":"age, I had kids by this age, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1547.04,"endTime":1550.46,"body":"had achieved this. So why aren't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1550.46,"endTime":1552.14,"body":"they doing that? as well?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1553.31,"endTime":1555.95,"body":"I think we're going through a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1553.31,"endTime":1555.95,"body":"transition. Now I think in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1555.95,"endTime":1560.6,"body":"past, generations were more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1555.95,"endTime":1560.6,"body":"similar in terms of focusing on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1560.6,"endTime":1564.68,"body":"one thing for a certain period"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1560.6,"endTime":1564.68,"body":"of time. And that's just not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1564.68,"endTime":1568.61,"body":"working anymore. But you can see"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1564.68,"endTime":1568.61,"body":"other you know, the gig economy,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1568.61,"endTime":1573.08,"body":"for example, is another reality"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1568.61,"endTime":1573.08,"body":"that actually probably helps"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1573.08,"endTime":1575.84,"body":"here that, you know, people I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1573.08,"endTime":1575.84,"body":"think are going to be more used"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1575.87,"endTime":1578.78,"body":"to the idea of not depending on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1575.87,"endTime":1578.78,"body":"one career, certainly not one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1578.78,"endTime":1582.17,"body":"employer for life, I think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1578.78,"endTime":1582.17,"body":"that's ultimately to our benefit"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1582.17,"endTime":1587.21,"body":"to allow us to effectively"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1582.17,"endTime":1587.21,"body":"remain more flexible. And just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1587.21,"endTime":1589.73,"body":"just one point out and back to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1587.21,"endTime":1589.73,"body":"loneliness in this context."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1589.73,"endTime":1593.36,"body":"Again, I saw some data recently"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1589.73,"endTime":1593.36,"body":"in the amount of time elderly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1593.36,"endTime":1598.19,"body":"people spend alone, even if they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1593.36,"endTime":1598.19,"body":"have families. You know, I think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1598.19,"endTime":1602.06,"body":"people imagine I've had to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1598.19,"endTime":1602.06,"body":"comment, oh, well, I'm, when I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1602.06,"endTime":1605.69,"body":"in my 80s. If I don't have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1602.06,"endTime":1605.69,"body":"children, I'll still my friends,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1605.84,"endTime":1608.63,"body":"if you look at data, in your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1605.84,"endTime":1608.63,"body":"alternative, spending very much"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1608.63,"endTime":1612.05,"body":"time with friends at all. And so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1608.63,"endTime":1612.05,"body":"the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1612.05,"endTime":1615.65,"body":"medical issues really start over"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1612.05,"endTime":1615.65,"body":"at is what I've discovered"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1615.65,"endTime":1619.43,"body":"quickly and fasts more than I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1615.65,"endTime":1619.43,"body":"wanted to. And all the research"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1619.43,"endTime":1622.79,"body":"now, one in two people over 80"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1619.43,"endTime":1622.79,"body":"Fall, which then D conditions"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1622.79,"endTime":1626.6,"body":"their medical health, basically."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1622.79,"endTime":1626.6,"body":"And that's partly why they can't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1626.6,"endTime":1629.0,"body":"get out and about as much as"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1626.6,"endTime":1629.0,"body":"they think they'd be able to."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1630.14,"endTime":1631.97,"body":"And we can't predict that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1630.14,"endTime":1631.97,"body":"either. And none of us know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1631.97,"endTime":1636.14,"body":"exactly what state of health so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1631.97,"endTime":1636.14,"body":"to assume that's dangerous. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1636.14,"endTime":1639.53,"body":"to link that back to the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1636.14,"endTime":1639.53,"body":"extension of careers, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1639.56,"endTime":1642.92,"body":"until loneliness, therefore, if"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1639.56,"endTime":1642.92,"body":"we do engineer society that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1642.92,"endTime":1649.49,"body":"allows older people to have some"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1642.92,"endTime":1649.49,"body":"career might not be the right"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1649.49,"endTime":1653.6,"body":"word, but some jobs, some way of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1649.49,"endTime":1653.6,"body":"communicating with people. You I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1653.6,"endTime":1655.52,"body":"think it's it's Win win all"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1653.6,"endTime":1655.52,"body":"around."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1655.85,"endTime":1659.69,"body":"Yes. So I just want to touch on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1655.85,"endTime":1659.69,"body":"one last point around this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1659.69,"endTime":1665.27,"body":"issue. And I remember. So I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1659.69,"endTime":1665.27,"body":"kind of your target audience,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1665.27,"endTime":1669.86,"body":"even though a generation older"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1665.27,"endTime":1669.86,"body":"than, you know, others, I was a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1669.86,"endTime":1673.61,"body":"career person in science in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1669.86,"endTime":1673.61,"body":"90s, when not many people were"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1673.61,"endTime":1678.08,"body":"but in Australia. And I remember"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1673.61,"endTime":1678.08,"body":"this moment when my mother"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1678.44,"endTime":1681.26,"body":"interfered and said, because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1678.44,"endTime":1681.26,"body":"I've been married, actually, for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1681.26,"endTime":1685.34,"body":"a long time. And we've been"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1681.26,"endTime":1685.34,"body":"together 10 years, and I was 31,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1685.34,"endTime":1689.81,"body":"too. And at Christmas time, she"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1685.34,"endTime":1689.81,"body":"gave me an outfit for Christmas."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1689.81,"endTime":1693.11,"body":"And inside the outfit was a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1689.81,"endTime":1693.11,"body":"little blue crocheted babies"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1693.11,"endTime":1697.61,"body":"outfit. And basically, she said"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1693.11,"endTime":1697.61,"body":"to me, it's time, and it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1697.64,"endTime":1703.28,"body":"honestly had not occurred to me."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1697.64,"endTime":1703.28,"body":"And fortunately, I was able to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1703.94,"endTime":1706.94,"body":"be conceiving four days after"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1703.94,"endTime":1706.94,"body":"that moment that my mother"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1706.97,"endTime":1710.0,"body":"instilled in me something"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1706.97,"endTime":1710.0,"body":"without even knowing was going"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1710.0,"endTime":1714.17,"body":"to happen. And I often look back"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1710.0,"endTime":1714.17,"body":"at that moment and reflect on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1714.17,"endTime":1716.57,"body":"what you're talking about here."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1714.17,"endTime":1716.57,"body":"And that was really me too. I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1716.57,"endTime":1719.84,"body":"just got lucky, in some sense,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1716.57,"endTime":1719.84,"body":"because I was able to fall"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1719.84,"endTime":1724.28,"body":"pregnant and have two children"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1719.84,"endTime":1724.28,"body":"under 40, between 32 and 40."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1724.73,"endTime":1727.85,"body":"And, and maintain my career,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1724.73,"endTime":1727.85,"body":"which is really, really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1727.85,"endTime":1732.71,"body":"difficult. But, but I can see"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1727.85,"endTime":1732.71,"body":"exactly what you're talking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1732.71,"endTime":1736.46,"body":"about, because I was one of your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1732.71,"endTime":1736.46,"body":"subjects, that fortunately, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1736.67,"endTime":1740.21,"body":"ended up having children, but I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1736.67,"endTime":1740.21,"body":"could see equally now reflecting"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1740.21,"endTime":1743.51,"body":"back, that that could have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1740.21,"endTime":1743.51,"body":"easily happened. And that would"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1743.51,"endTime":1747.11,"body":"have been very sad. If that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1743.51,"endTime":1747.11,"body":"didn't happen for me, so I can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1747.11,"endTime":1752.66,"body":"see how it happens. Why it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1747.11,"endTime":1752.66,"body":"happens, and fixing it or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1752.66,"endTime":1758.33,"body":"changing it is a is a multiple"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1752.66,"endTime":1758.33,"body":"gendered issue. It's not just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1758.33,"endTime":1762.11,"body":"women needing to delay their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1758.33,"endTime":1762.11,"body":"careers. It's also it's a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1762.11,"endTime":1764.96,"body":"rejigging of the whole thing. As"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1762.11,"endTime":1764.96,"body":"you said, it's men and women"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1764.96,"endTime":1769.25,"body":"delaying their careers. It's men"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1764.96,"endTime":1769.25,"body":"doing more at home. It's more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1769.25,"endTime":1771.71,"body":"because as my friend who's a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1769.25,"endTime":1771.71,"body":"professor at Berkeley, went"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1771.71,"endTime":1774.98,"body":"through the same thing didn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1771.71,"endTime":1774.98,"body":"have a baby till she was 40. She"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1774.98,"endTime":1777.29,"body":"said to me, Celine, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1774.98,"endTime":1777.29,"body":"nothing's going to change in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1777.29,"endTime":1781.04,"body":"this world until men are doing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1777.29,"endTime":1781.04,"body":"the work at home as well. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1781.04,"endTime":1784.49,"body":"that's so true. And I never"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1781.04,"endTime":1784.49,"body":"agreed with her at the time"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1784.58,"endTime":1787.67,"body":"because I was doing it all at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1784.58,"endTime":1787.67,"body":"home and at work, because that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1787.67,"endTime":1791.21,"body":"was my generation. But what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1787.67,"endTime":1791.21,"body":"you're seeing is a whole"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1791.24,"endTime":1796.01,"body":"reframing really of how we think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1791.24,"endTime":1796.01,"body":"about how we work together"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1796.01,"endTime":1797.6,"body":"towards solving this solution."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1799.28,"endTime":1802.61,"body":"There are a lot of ways issues"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1799.28,"endTime":1802.61,"body":"that we need to solve. And maybe"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1802.67,"endTime":1805.82,"body":"we should just talk about man a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1802.67,"endTime":1805.82,"body":"little bit here in this context."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1807.83,"endTime":1814.31,"body":"You know, I think there's a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1807.83,"endTime":1814.31,"body":"belief among men that we can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1814.31,"endTime":1818.21,"body":"wait for as long as we want, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1814.31,"endTime":1818.21,"body":"know, the biological clock is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1818.21,"endTime":1822.05,"body":"almost infinite. And certainly,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1818.21,"endTime":1822.05,"body":"there's a feeling that you can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1822.05,"endTime":1827.45,"body":"wait until your 40s to then find"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1822.05,"endTime":1827.45,"body":"that that partner, more and more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1827.45,"endTime":1833.15,"body":"I, I'm hearing this is quite a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1827.45,"endTime":1833.15,"body":"common thing. But there was an"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1833.15,"endTime":1836.63,"body":"aha moment for me in this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1833.15,"endTime":1836.63,"body":"because I'm a divorced dad, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1836.63,"endTime":1840.38,"body":"divorced just before his 43"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1836.63,"endTime":1840.38,"body":"kids. So like you, I feel very"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1840.38,"endTime":1843.23,"body":"fortunate that life worked out"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1840.38,"endTime":1843.23,"body":"that way. For me not so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1843.23,"endTime":1846.77,"body":"fortunate, we're divorced. But I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1843.23,"endTime":1846.77,"body":"think in my 40s, I also thought"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1846.77,"endTime":1849.26,"body":"it might be quite easy to find"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1846.77,"endTime":1849.26,"body":"someone and start a family"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1849.26,"endTime":1851.72,"body":"again, but it doesn't get"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1849.26,"endTime":1851.72,"body":"easier. You're older, and you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1851.72,"endTime":1854.9,"body":"competing with men 10 years"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1851.72,"endTime":1854.9,"body":"younger than you, for the women"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1854.9,"endTime":1858.5,"body":"that are able to have children."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1854.9,"endTime":1858.5,"body":"So, you know, there's a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1858.5,"endTime":1863.81,"body":"shrinking pool of women because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1858.5,"endTime":1863.81,"body":"like, by early 30s, quite a lot"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1863.81,"endTime":1865.7,"body":"of women are already in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1863.81,"endTime":1865.7,"body":"relationships, whether they're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1865.7,"endTime":1868.97,"body":"having children or not. So the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1865.7,"endTime":1868.97,"body":"idea is a man that you can just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1868.97,"endTime":1873.74,"body":"wait and choose your own time to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1868.97,"endTime":1873.74,"body":"find the right woman just isn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1873.74,"endTime":1876.77,"body":"true at all. And it turns out,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1873.74,"endTime":1876.77,"body":"there's more childless men and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1876.77,"endTime":1880.19,"body":"childless women overall, because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1876.77,"endTime":1880.19,"body":"some men end up having two"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1880.19,"endTime":1883.97,"body":"families with different woman"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1880.19,"endTime":1883.97,"body":"more than women to the the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1884.0,"endTime":1890.63,"body":"converse. So, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1884.0,"endTime":1890.63,"body":"actually, men are clearly just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1890.63,"endTime":1892.91,"body":"as important and women in this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1890.63,"endTime":1892.91,"body":"in terms because it needs a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1892.91,"endTime":1895.55,"body":"match. And it needs many things."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1892.91,"endTime":1895.55,"body":"I'm sure like you're saying in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1895.55,"endTime":1901.67,"body":"terms of being more balanced in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1895.55,"endTime":1901.67,"body":"terms of housework, etc. I can't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1901.7,"endTime":1906.74,"body":"deny that. But I think men first"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1901.7,"endTime":1906.74,"body":"have to understand that there is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1906.74,"endTime":1909.44,"body":"a clock ticking as well and may"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1906.74,"endTime":1909.44,"body":"not be a biological one."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1909.65,"endTime":1913.16,"body":"No, no, I was going to interrupt"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1909.65,"endTime":1913.16,"body":"there. And it is a biological"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1913.16,"endTime":1916.94,"body":"one. So there's I just there's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1913.16,"endTime":1916.94,"body":"amazing work now coming out"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1916.94,"endTime":1920.3,"body":"around transgenerational"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1916.94,"endTime":1920.3,"body":"epigenetics. And so they've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1920.3,"endTime":1923.93,"body":"shown that older men, because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1920.3,"endTime":1923.93,"body":"sperm has a big role to play and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1924.32,"endTime":1931.1,"body":"in childbirth, and say, ageing,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1924.32,"endTime":1931.1,"body":"sperm can lead to far more ADHD"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1931.1,"endTime":1936.68,"body":"autism in in their offspring. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1931.1,"endTime":1936.68,"body":"the end end, because basically,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1936.68,"endTime":1940.4,"body":"you're passing along, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1936.68,"endTime":1940.4,"body":"lots of different information."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1940.4,"endTime":1943.46,"body":"So that just that's just coming"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1940.4,"endTime":1943.46,"body":"out now that research and it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1943.46,"endTime":1947.33,"body":"around the RNA. So not the DNA,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1943.46,"endTime":1947.33,"body":"which is your blueprint that you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1947.33,"endTime":1953.18,"body":"think of is stable, it actually"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1947.33,"endTime":1953.18,"body":"gets influenced by RNA, and that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1953.24,"endTime":1958.04,"body":"and you're ageing, your ageing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1953.24,"endTime":1958.04,"body":"out of having fit sperm, so to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1958.04,"endTime":1962.06,"body":"speak. So yeah, so it all plays"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1958.04,"endTime":1962.06,"body":"out for both of us. So that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1962.06,"endTime":1966.08,"body":"why potentially if you think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1962.06,"endTime":1966.08,"body":"about evolution, and survival of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1966.08,"endTime":1969.65,"body":"the fittest, if we just go to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1966.08,"endTime":1969.65,"body":"straight biological terms, women"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1969.65,"endTime":1973.73,"body":"could be looking for fit sperm,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1969.65,"endTime":1973.73,"body":"like outside, you know, like, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1973.73,"endTime":1976.7,"body":"know, that's really base base"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1973.73,"endTime":1976.7,"body":"way of thinking about it, but"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1976.7,"endTime":1977.96,"body":"that it's also there to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1978.53,"endTime":1981.23,"body":"Yes, part of I guess"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1978.53,"endTime":1981.23,"body":"evolutionary psychology might be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1981.23,"endTime":1985.28,"body":"the term now as to why which we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1981.23,"endTime":1985.28,"body":"did. And it's a fascinating area"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1985.28,"endTime":1990.62,"body":"and learn more about that role,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1985.28,"endTime":1990.62,"body":"beholden to the history that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1990.62,"endTime":1995.0,"body":"have gone back to make us who we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1990.62,"endTime":1995.0,"body":"are today, I think, to come back"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1995.0,"endTime":1997.91,"body":"to them fertility and the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1995.0,"endTime":1997.91,"body":"documentary I interview for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1997.91,"endTime":2003.01,"body":"fertility doctors, including"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1997.91,"endTime":2003.01,"body":"Kardashians, fertility doctor or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2003.01,"endTime":2006.7,"body":"wine, he's got a wonderful way"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2003.01,"endTime":2006.7,"body":"of explaining just what happens"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2006.7,"endTime":2011.98,"body":"to you know, woman's eggs as"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2006.7,"endTime":2011.98,"body":"they age. And I think there's a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2012.04,"endTime":2016.9,"body":"an awareness gap here that the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2012.04,"endTime":2016.9,"body":"it's not just about the quantity"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2016.9,"endTime":2020.44,"body":"of eggs, the quality of women's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2016.9,"endTime":2020.44,"body":"eggs deteriorate really, quite"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2020.44,"endTime":2023.35,"body":"sharply into the 30s, much"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2020.44,"endTime":2023.35,"body":"sharper than I think most women"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2023.35,"endTime":2028.27,"body":"might be aware of. And as well"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2023.35,"endTime":2028.27,"body":"as that you have a very sad"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2028.27,"endTime":2034.78,"body":"reality that throughout 30s The"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2028.27,"endTime":2034.78,"body":"woman's ability to carry baby to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2034.78,"endTime":2039.88,"body":"term becomes more and more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2034.78,"endTime":2039.88,"body":"challenged. So we all do here"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2039.88,"endTime":2043.45,"body":"you've mentioned friends having"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2039.88,"endTime":2043.45,"body":"children in their, you know, in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2043.45,"endTime":2049.66,"body":"their 40s You know, my own"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2043.45,"endTime":2049.66,"body":"sister gave birth at 41. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2049.66,"endTime":2053.8,"body":"those are rarities I remember my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2049.66,"endTime":2053.8,"body":"sister was told the probability"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2053.8,"endTime":2058.96,"body":"of her getting pregnant at that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2053.8,"endTime":2058.96,"body":"age was a belief 15% One five."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2058.99,"endTime":2063.94,"body":"Yeah, so the stories we hear"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2058.99,"endTime":2063.94,"body":"about success stories wonderful"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2063.94,"endTime":2067.21,"body":"as they are, are very much more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2063.94,"endTime":2067.21,"body":"the exception than the rule."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2068.68,"endTime":2071.62,"body":"My think that's the bit we want"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2068.68,"endTime":2071.62,"body":"to point out I'm I'm talking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2071.62,"endTime":2074.83,"body":"about being lucky, but I do know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2071.62,"endTime":2074.83,"body":"that and I think about this a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2074.83,"endTime":2080.35,"body":"lot now. Even before your I've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2074.83,"endTime":2080.35,"body":"found you on the podcast I was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2080.35,"endTime":2084.7,"body":"thinking about this, even for my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2080.35,"endTime":2084.7,"body":"own kids is like no one ever"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2084.73,"endTime":2090.7,"body":"talks about the fertility window"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2084.73,"endTime":2090.7,"body":"in relationship to the Korea"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2091.21,"endTime":2096.37,"body":"window. And I think that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2091.21,"endTime":2096.37,"body":"something that if you do want to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2096.4,"endTime":2099.19,"body":"have children, that's something"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2096.4,"endTime":2099.19,"body":"just like all facts. It's good"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2099.19,"endTime":2102.76,"body":"to know And then then at least"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2099.19,"endTime":2102.76,"body":"you know, you're making a choice"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2102.79,"endTime":2106.84,"body":"in some sense, or you may not be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2102.79,"endTime":2106.84,"body":"too because other people may"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2106.84,"endTime":2110.35,"body":"want to put it off. And so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2106.84,"endTime":2110.35,"body":"matching up to the right person,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2110.35,"endTime":2115.24,"body":"and the time window is actually"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2110.35,"endTime":2115.24,"body":"quite tricky, because that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2115.24,"endTime":2118.96,"body":"why, you know, people that used"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2115.24,"endTime":2118.96,"body":"to have kids a lot younger, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2118.96,"endTime":2122.56,"body":"they didn't live as long either."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2118.96,"endTime":2122.56,"body":"So it's very complicated"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2123.61,"endTime":2128.62,"body":"scenario, without knowing that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2123.61,"endTime":2128.62,"body":"you need to know the facts."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2129.7,"endTime":2135.64,"body":"To come back to data. One piece"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2129.7,"endTime":2135.64,"body":"of information that came out was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2135.64,"endTime":2140.89,"body":"that in all the societies, we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2135.64,"endTime":2140.89,"body":"looked at the chance of a woman"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2140.89,"endTime":2144.67,"body":"turning 30, without a child,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2140.89,"endTime":2144.67,"body":"ever becoming a mother, is at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2144.67,"endTime":2152.2,"body":"most 50%. So I call, it's overly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2144.67,"endTime":2152.2,"body":"simplified, but it's a toss of a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2152.2,"endTime":2156.16,"body":"coin, if you don't already have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2152.2,"endTime":2156.16,"body":"your first child, only half of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2156.16,"endTime":2159.4,"body":"woman. And this goes across"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2156.16,"endTime":2159.4,"body":"every nation that we've got data"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2159.4,"endTime":2164.35,"body":"for. So I think there's a big"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2159.4,"endTime":2164.35,"body":"overestimation partly because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2164.35,"endTime":2168.28,"body":"the career cycles, but also very"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2164.35,"endTime":2168.28,"body":"significantly, because the lack"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2168.28,"endTime":2171.04,"body":"of information like you say that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2168.28,"endTime":2171.04,"body":"people just don't know this."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2171.16,"endTime":2174.1,"body":"I didn't, I didn't pay attention"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2171.16,"endTime":2174.1,"body":"to it when I was in the middle"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2174.1,"endTime":2178.33,"body":"of my career, just doing a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2174.1,"endTime":2178.33,"body":"postdoc, and you're immersed in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2178.33,"endTime":2182.05,"body":"that environment, and you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2178.33,"endTime":2182.05,"body":"just trying to achieve the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2182.05,"endTime":2184.63,"body":"goals. And you're not really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2182.05,"endTime":2184.63,"body":"honestly thinking about your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2184.63,"endTime":2187.06,"body":"age, and I was married. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2188.47,"endTime":2192.01,"body":"well, there's a number of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2188.47,"endTime":2192.01,"body":"points. So everything has to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2192.01,"endTime":2195.61,"body":"line up, doesn't it? You know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2192.01,"endTime":2195.61,"body":"it's not only that, it has to be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2195.61,"endTime":2198.07,"body":"the right moment for you. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2195.61,"endTime":2198.07,"body":"you need to have the right"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2198.07,"endTime":2200.77,"body":"partner at the right time. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2198.07,"endTime":2200.77,"body":"there's some organisations out"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2200.77,"endTime":2202.84,"body":"there providing information,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2200.77,"endTime":2202.84,"body":"there's been books written on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2202.84,"endTime":2208.18,"body":"this topic support groups, a lot"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2202.84,"endTime":2208.18,"body":"of people just either don't have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2208.18,"endTime":2210.85,"body":"the partner at the right time"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2208.18,"endTime":2210.85,"body":"they've gone through a breakup,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2210.85,"endTime":2215.74,"body":"they're you know, they people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2210.85,"endTime":2215.74,"body":"predict me woman from what I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2215.74,"endTime":2217.81,"body":"hearing from from women and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2215.74,"endTime":2217.81,"body":"women that want to compromise,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2217.81,"endTime":2220.24,"body":"you're looking for love first,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2217.81,"endTime":2220.24,"body":"you know that that often is that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2220.24,"endTime":2225.28,"body":"most important thing to them"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2220.24,"endTime":2225.28,"body":"build a family around. So just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2225.28,"endTime":2228.67,"body":"one thing, if I can say birth"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2225.28,"endTime":2228.67,"body":"cup.org, thank you for the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2228.67,"endTime":2231.22,"body":"introduction earlier, the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2228.67,"endTime":2231.22,"body":"documentary was the first step."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2231.25,"endTime":2235.72,"body":"The second step is creating"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2231.25,"endTime":2235.72,"body":"education materials and creating"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2235.72,"endTime":2238.87,"body":"awareness programmes so that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2235.72,"endTime":2238.87,"body":"people around the world,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2238.87,"endTime":2241.84,"body":"particularly educators, and any"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2238.87,"endTime":2241.84,"body":"educator, please reach out to me"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2241.84,"endTime":2244.21,"body":"we're putting together like"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2241.84,"endTime":2244.21,"body":"education packs, with"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2244.21,"endTime":2248.11,"body":"information with visuals, links,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2244.21,"endTime":2248.11,"body":"the documentary that can be used"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2248.11,"endTime":2251.44,"body":"in teaching environments, just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2248.11,"endTime":2251.44,"body":"to make people more aware of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2252.43,"endTime":2253.51,"body":"these realities."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2254.05,"endTime":2258.19,"body":"And thank you so much for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2254.05,"endTime":2258.19,"body":"everything you've done in this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2258.19,"endTime":2264.19,"body":"space. I mean, it started as a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2258.19,"endTime":2264.19,"body":"interesting question. And now"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2264.19,"endTime":2267.16,"body":"it's become a huge phenomena,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2264.19,"endTime":2267.16,"body":"hasn't it?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2268.36,"endTime":2271.03,"body":"The timing is interesting. When"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2268.36,"endTime":2271.03,"body":"I first started out, I thought,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2271.12,"endTime":2273.52,"body":"I was able to step back from"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2271.12,"endTime":2273.52,"body":"running my business enough to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2273.52,"endTime":2279.7,"body":"take a few months to do the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2273.52,"endTime":2279.7,"body":"first, we ended up going to 24"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2279.7,"endTime":2282.64,"body":"countries, by the way, and I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2279.7,"endTime":2282.64,"body":"interviewed 230 people, but I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2282.64,"endTime":2285.19,"body":"thought it would take a year, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2282.64,"endTime":2285.19,"body":"thought I'd go to Europe for a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2285.19,"endTime":2288.43,"body":"couple of weeks a week in Japan."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2285.19,"endTime":2288.43,"body":"And that would be enough, but"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2289.75,"endTime":2292.45,"body":"the project kept pulling me into"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2289.75,"endTime":2292.45,"body":"it because I realised the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2292.45,"endTime":2295.54,"body":"problems bigger, and there are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2292.45,"endTime":2295.54,"body":"more problems here than I ever"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2295.54,"endTime":2299.53,"body":"realised. And people are opening"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2295.54,"endTime":2299.53,"body":"up to tell me deeply personal"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2299.53,"endTime":2302.08,"body":"stories that they've never told"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2299.53,"endTime":2302.08,"body":"anybody else, not even in their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2302.08,"endTime":2305.5,"body":"family or communities. So it was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2302.08,"endTime":2305.5,"body":"almost a sense of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2305.5,"endTime":2311.62,"body":"responsibility. They felt they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2305.5,"endTime":2311.62,"body":"just need to exist and has just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2311.62,"endTime":2315.25,"body":"taken over my life. Now my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2311.62,"endTime":2315.25,"body":"business is still there, but I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2315.25,"endTime":2319.54,"body":"very much passive in it and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2315.25,"endTime":2319.54,"body":"can't maybe I'm an example of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2319.54,"endTime":2322.15,"body":"someone changing career partway"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2319.54,"endTime":2322.15,"body":"through just finding a new"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2322.15,"endTime":2326.26,"body":"passion, for whatever reason,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2322.15,"endTime":2326.26,"body":"and then getting an extra if you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2326.26,"endTime":2332.32,"body":"look at the peak time when most"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2326.26,"endTime":2332.32,"body":"people are when people consume"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2332.32,"endTime":2338.47,"body":"most, it's between 830 and 65."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2332.32,"endTime":2338.47,"body":"So it's 30 years, before we get"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2338.47,"endTime":2341.86,"body":"to a point where significant"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2338.47,"endTime":2341.86,"body":"consumption takes place. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2341.86,"endTime":2344.86,"body":"just to put a number in that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2341.86,"endTime":2344.86,"body":"Nature magazine came out with a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2344.86,"endTime":2348.79,"body":"paper last year with seven or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2344.86,"endTime":2348.79,"body":"eight professors who articulated"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2348.79,"endTime":2354.76,"body":"that each under 30 People are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2348.79,"endTime":2354.76,"body":"responsible for around 8% of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2354.79,"endTime":2359.2,"body":"global emissions footprint, so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2354.79,"endTime":2359.2,"body":"only a percent. If you were to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2359.2,"endTime":2362.11,"body":"tell people today to have less"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2359.2,"endTime":2362.11,"body":"children, and they were thinking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2362.11,"endTime":2364.99,"body":"of having children in the next"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2362.11,"endTime":2364.99,"body":"10 years or so and thought,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2364.99,"endTime":2368.92,"body":"well, maybe they won't or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2364.99,"endTime":2368.92,"body":"they'll have less children. That"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2368.92,"endTime":2372.22,"body":"will be 10 years before they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2368.92,"endTime":2372.22,"body":"start plus 30 years to get out"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2372.22,"endTime":2377.62,"body":"of before you got to a time of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2372.22,"endTime":2377.62,"body":"significant emissions. If you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2377.62,"endTime":2382.12,"body":"bring the world's population"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2377.62,"endTime":2382.12,"body":"down by 10 20%, you're talking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2382.12,"endTime":2385.78,"body":"about a delay of 40 years before"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2382.12,"endTime":2385.78,"body":"you even really see any"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2385.78,"endTime":2390.76,"body":"significant movement at all. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2385.78,"endTime":2390.76,"body":"even then it's only a very small"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2390.76,"endTime":2395.77,"body":"amount. So population is a very"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2390.76,"endTime":2395.77,"body":"inefficient way to try to deal"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2395.77,"endTime":2399.97,"body":"with our environmental problems"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2395.77,"endTime":2399.97,"body":"to the point that we may as put"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2400.0,"endTime":2403.21,"body":"Well put that energy or that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2400.0,"endTime":2403.21,"body":"thought process into other"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2403.21,"endTime":2407.59,"body":"ideas, other green technologies,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2403.21,"endTime":2407.59,"body":"other ways to, of conservation"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2407.59,"endTime":2410.68,"body":"and helping with biodiversity"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2407.59,"endTime":2410.68,"body":"things that can have immediate"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2410.68,"endTime":2413.41,"body":"or near immediate effect"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2410.68,"endTime":2413.41,"body":"population takes decades."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2413.44,"endTime":2418.3,"body":"Yes. And so the one fact that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2413.44,"endTime":2418.3,"body":"really struck me to give a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2418.3,"endTime":2423.76,"body":"visual to people is and this is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2418.3,"endTime":2423.76,"body":"work of Gosling. Rosling sorry,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2423.79,"endTime":2428.32,"body":"as well, where you have an"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2423.79,"endTime":2428.32,"body":"inverted pyramid happening. So,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2428.8,"endTime":2432.4,"body":"so we're going to top out his"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2428.8,"endTime":2432.4,"body":"his estimates and yours around"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2432.4,"endTime":2438.34,"body":"10 11 billion people. And that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2432.4,"endTime":2438.34,"body":"right now. And that's, it might"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2438.34,"endTime":2439.27,"body":"even be less."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2440.02,"endTime":2444.22,"body":"Yes. And I'm glad you reminded"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2440.02,"endTime":2444.22,"body":"reminded me to make that point"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2444.22,"endTime":2447.82,"body":"that we reached what Professor"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2444.22,"endTime":2447.82,"body":"Rosling calls peak child about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2447.82,"endTime":2452.17,"body":"20 years ago, it was just after"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2447.82,"endTime":2452.17,"body":"the year 2000, that the world's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2452.74,"endTime":2456.34,"body":"number of children being born"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2452.74,"endTime":2456.34,"body":"every year hit hit its peak, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2456.34,"endTime":2459.07,"body":"it's been hovering around the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2456.34,"endTime":2459.07,"body":"same and it will start going"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2459.07,"endTime":2462.61,"body":"down quite quite soon. So the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2459.07,"endTime":2462.61,"body":"reason the world's population is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2462.61,"endTime":2467.2,"body":"growing, we hit a billion last"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2462.61,"endTime":2467.2,"body":"November. The reason for that is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2467.2,"endTime":2469.78,"body":"nothing to do with children, as"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2467.2,"endTime":2469.78,"body":"that happened is to do with the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2469.78,"endTime":2473.05,"body":"fact that there's so many young"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2469.78,"endTime":2473.05,"body":"people who are surviving, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2473.05,"endTime":2479.23,"body":"know, life longevity, but also"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2473.05,"endTime":2479.23,"body":"countries, for example, in Asia,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2479.23,"endTime":2482.47,"body":"Africa, who would have died at a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2479.23,"endTime":2482.47,"body":"very young age before they could"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2482.47,"endTime":2486.07,"body":"have had families of their own."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2482.47,"endTime":2486.07,"body":"child survival has increased"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2486.07,"endTime":2489.43,"body":"significantly. So we got a very"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2486.07,"endTime":2489.43,"body":"young population to parts of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2489.43,"endTime":2492.25,"body":"world, and those people will"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2489.43,"endTime":2492.25,"body":"live out their lives. And all of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2492.25,"endTime":2495.28,"body":"the growth is a little bit"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2492.25,"endTime":2495.28,"body":"counterintuitive. All of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2495.28,"endTime":2498.79,"body":"growth we're seeing now is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2495.28,"endTime":2498.79,"body":"simply because the number of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2498.79,"endTime":2502.84,"body":"people who are passing on is so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2498.79,"endTime":2502.84,"body":"low, given that the plants so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2502.84,"endTime":2505.45,"body":"young, and we cannot therefore"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2502.84,"endTime":2505.45,"body":"do anything about it. And yes, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2505.45,"endTime":2510.07,"body":"think 10 Billions are realistic"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2505.45,"endTime":2510.07,"body":"maximum, it might hit 11. Others"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2510.07,"endTime":2512.89,"body":"think it'll barely touch nine,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2510.07,"endTime":2512.89,"body":"but I would choose 10 as the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2512.89,"endTime":2514.12,"body":"most likely number. Yeah."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2515.95,"endTime":2520.42,"body":"The next piece of this, that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2515.95,"endTime":2520.42,"body":"isn't so evident, but I've also"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2520.42,"endTime":2524.44,"body":"experienced firsthand in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2520.42,"endTime":2524.44,"body":"last couple of months, is the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2524.44,"endTime":2529.09,"body":"loneliness factor through"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2524.44,"endTime":2529.09,"body":"ageing. And it's I mean, I'm not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2529.09,"endTime":2532.96,"body":"saying that it's up to the young"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2529.09,"endTime":2532.96,"body":"people to solve this. But it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2532.96,"endTime":2537.04,"body":"requires engineering new"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2532.96,"endTime":2537.04,"body":"solutions. As you mentioned,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2537.04,"endTime":2539.92,"body":"that's what this is all about is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2537.04,"endTime":2539.92,"body":"helping people see that this is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2539.92,"endTime":2543.25,"body":"not good or bad. It's just is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2539.92,"endTime":2543.25,"body":"what it is. These are the facts."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2543.25,"endTime":2546.94,"body":"So let's work out solutions"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2543.25,"endTime":2546.94,"body":"around the new world that we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2546.94,"endTime":2551.35,"body":"facing. So, you know, you talk a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2546.94,"endTime":2551.35,"body":"lot about in your documentary in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2551.35,"endTime":2555.25,"body":"Japan, where schools are closed."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2551.35,"endTime":2555.25,"body":"Yeah, preschools are closing,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2555.25,"endTime":2559.99,"body":"but older people are some of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2555.25,"endTime":2559.99,"body":"them jumping out of buildings,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2559.99,"endTime":2563.02,"body":"etc. You talk about Germany,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2559.99,"endTime":2563.02,"body":"where people are being buried"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2563.02,"endTime":2566.5,"body":"without anyone there, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2563.02,"endTime":2566.5,"body":"experiences in a very small way,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2567.16,"endTime":2570.67,"body":"watching people in hospital or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2567.16,"endTime":2570.67,"body":"older people not having"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2570.67,"endTime":2574.84,"body":"visitors, people being"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2570.67,"endTime":2574.84,"body":"photographed and removed from"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2574.84,"endTime":2579.19,"body":"their beds after passing away"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2574.84,"endTime":2579.19,"body":"etc, with no one there. These"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2579.19,"endTime":2583.48,"body":"are very significant concerns"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2579.19,"endTime":2583.48,"body":"for for anyone, all of us are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2583.51,"endTime":2585.97,"body":"going to be ageing and heading"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2583.51,"endTime":2585.97,"body":"in that direction at some point."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2585.97,"endTime":2588.43,"body":"So we'd like to be surrounded by"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2585.97,"endTime":2588.43,"body":"people that we'd love in some"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2588.43,"endTime":2592.3,"body":"sense. So that's an unintended"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2588.43,"endTime":2592.3,"body":"consequence that most people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2592.33,"endTime":2593.83,"body":"certainly I was not aware of."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2594.85,"endTime":2600.94,"body":"Yeah. And this going back to how"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2594.85,"endTime":2600.94,"body":"I started the project, my my, my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2600.94,"endTime":2604.48,"body":"goal was simply to understand"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2600.94,"endTime":2604.48,"body":"why birth rates have been"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2604.48,"endTime":2609.1,"body":"falling around the world. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2604.48,"endTime":2609.1,"body":"all these related topics opened"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2609.1,"endTime":2615.34,"body":"up and I had no expectation I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2609.1,"endTime":2615.34,"body":"would be pulled in to people's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2615.34,"endTime":2618.13,"body":"lives the way I have been,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2615.34,"endTime":2618.13,"body":"particularly in the area of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2618.13,"endTime":2625.0,"body":"loneliness, and it is absolutely"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2618.13,"endTime":2625.0,"body":"an older age issue of crisis."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2625.0,"endTime":2629.14,"body":"But it's also a crisis for those"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2625.0,"endTime":2629.14,"body":"people who don't have children"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2629.14,"endTime":2631.63,"body":"and, you know, in their adult"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2629.14,"endTime":2631.63,"body":"years, where they're expecting"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2631.63,"endTime":2634.93,"body":"to, and also the possibility"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2631.63,"endTime":2634.93,"body":"that those people end up single"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2634.93,"endTime":2638.74,"body":"as well. So I'm seeing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2634.93,"endTime":2638.74,"body":"loneliness throughout society"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2638.74,"endTime":2642.37,"body":"and a level that, you know, is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2638.74,"endTime":2642.37,"body":"unprecedented, compared to, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2642.37,"endTime":2645.19,"body":"know, a generation or two ago"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2642.37,"endTime":2645.19,"body":"when just extended families were"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2645.19,"endTime":2647.8,"body":"bigger, you know, you'd more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2645.19,"endTime":2647.8,"body":"siblings, you're more cousins,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2647.8,"endTime":2651.7,"body":"nephews and nieces, to help"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2647.8,"endTime":2651.7,"body":"support you and yeah, what do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2651.7,"endTime":2654.52,"body":"you look to there in terms of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2651.7,"endTime":2654.52,"body":"people jumping off buildings in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2654.52,"endTime":2658.54,"body":"Tokyo? I mean, it's horrendous."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2654.52,"endTime":2658.54,"body":"This is one community where if"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2658.54,"endTime":2664.69,"body":"you go back 4050 years you can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2658.54,"endTime":2664.69,"body":"see black and white photographs"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2664.72,"endTime":2670.45,"body":"of children being everywhere. I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2664.72,"endTime":2670.45,"body":"mean, just everywhere. And you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2670.45,"endTime":2674.56,"body":"go there now and it's like a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2670.45,"endTime":2674.56,"body":"ghost community. The term I came"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2674.56,"endTime":2678.97,"body":"up with in the documentary is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2674.56,"endTime":2678.97,"body":"yester lands, new places that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2678.97,"endTime":2684.97,"body":"were built for yesterday that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2678.97,"endTime":2684.97,"body":"today you know, are not well"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2684.97,"endTime":2690.85,"body":"either they have high rates of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2684.97,"endTime":2690.85,"body":"how houses apartments with"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2690.85,"endTime":2695.8,"body":"nobody living there."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2690.85,"endTime":2695.8,"body":"dilapidation. You've got no, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2695.8,"endTime":2698.2,"body":"heard noxee Japan someone was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2695.8,"endTime":2698.2,"body":"telling me two or three days ago"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2698.2,"endTime":2703.24,"body":"in a very nice suburb of two Oak"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2698.2,"endTime":2703.24,"body":"Hill House had been unoccupied"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2703.24,"endTime":2706.93,"body":"for some years. And what had"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2703.24,"endTime":2706.93,"body":"happened was some patients had"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2706.93,"endTime":2711.79,"body":"got into it, and, and various"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2706.93,"endTime":2711.79,"body":"other vermin, and no one knew"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2711.79,"endTime":2714.28,"body":"about this for a significant"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2711.79,"endTime":2714.28,"body":"period of time. And now the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2714.34,"endTime":2718.12,"body":"entire street has got this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2714.34,"endTime":2718.12,"body":"problem, you know, with sort of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2718.18,"endTime":2723.19,"body":"living in an area where you've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2718.18,"endTime":2723.19,"body":"got falling populations with a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2723.19,"endTime":2728.8,"body":"lot of people living alone is,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2723.19,"endTime":2728.8,"body":"it's not easy to conceptualise,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2728.8,"endTime":2731.89,"body":"because in most people's daily"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2728.8,"endTime":2731.89,"body":"lives, we gravitate towards"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2731.89,"endTime":2735.16,"body":"communities that are more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2731.89,"endTime":2735.16,"body":"lively, usually, we don't see"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2735.16,"endTime":2739.42,"body":"that side of it. But that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2735.16,"endTime":2739.42,"body":"going to creep up closer and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2739.42,"endTime":2743.77,"body":"closer and closer to all of us."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2739.42,"endTime":2743.77,"body":"And in fact, and your core"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2743.77,"endTime":2747.88,"body":"point, I think, was loneliness"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2743.77,"endTime":2747.88,"body":"of the elderly. When I realised"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2747.88,"endTime":2752.83,"body":"in that one community in Tokyo,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2747.88,"endTime":2752.83,"body":"where I spent a lot of time how"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2752.83,"endTime":2756.82,"body":"many people there were in their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2752.83,"endTime":2756.82,"body":"80s, you find that if you went"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2756.82,"endTime":2760.51,"body":"early morning to visit, you'd"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2756.82,"endTime":2760.51,"body":"see older people on on the bench"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2760.51,"endTime":2762.61,"body":"a little bit, if the weather was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2760.51,"endTime":2762.61,"body":"nice to come out early in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2762.61,"endTime":2765.25,"body":"morning, and they would sit and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2762.61,"endTime":2765.25,"body":"they might talk to you and you'd"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2765.25,"endTime":2769.36,"body":"see them talking to each other a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2765.25,"endTime":2769.36,"body":"little bit. Not many. But the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2769.36,"endTime":2772.87,"body":"rest of the day, they would go"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2769.36,"endTime":2772.87,"body":"back to their apartments. And it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2772.87,"endTime":2776.74,"body":"was it was back to like being a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2772.87,"endTime":2776.74,"body":"ghost town. And I couldn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2776.74,"endTime":2781.18,"body":"believe when I heard that, in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2776.74,"endTime":2781.18,"body":"this apartment complex, maybe 30"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2781.18,"endTime":2783.97,"body":"different buildings all built"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2781.18,"endTime":2783.97,"body":"together, there are 10,000"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2783.97,"endTime":2788.83,"body":"people living and occupancy is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2783.97,"endTime":2788.83,"body":"90%. It's no I thought this was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2788.86,"endTime":2793.33,"body":"an area where every other"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2788.86,"endTime":2793.33,"body":"apartment was vacant. But no,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2793.33,"endTime":2796.33,"body":"it's old people living alone,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2793.33,"endTime":2796.33,"body":"and mainly women living along"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2796.33,"endTime":2800.17,"body":"because women typically outlive"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2796.33,"endTime":2800.17,"body":"men. So you could just get the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2800.17,"endTime":2802.9,"body":"flavour of what life might be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2800.17,"endTime":2802.9,"body":"like their one little morning"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2802.9,"endTime":2805.66,"body":"walk maybe a couple of times a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2802.9,"endTime":2805.66,"body":"week, and the rest of the time"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2805.66,"endTime":2808.63,"body":"being spent alone in their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2805.66,"endTime":2808.63,"body":"apartments with with really no"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2808.63,"endTime":2811.81,"body":"family and no one to talk to."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2808.63,"endTime":2811.81,"body":"It's around this."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2812.319,"endTime":2818.739,"body":"i One thought that came through"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2812.319,"endTime":2818.739,"body":"my mind thinking about like, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2818.739,"endTime":2823.959,"body":"don't know, if you've watched"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2818.739,"endTime":2823.959,"body":"the documentary film to noble. I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2823.959,"endTime":2828.459,"body":"David Attenborough. So he starts"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2823.959,"endTime":2828.459,"body":"out in the film, because they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2828.459,"endTime":2833.439,"body":"had that nuclear accident there,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2828.459,"endTime":2833.439,"body":"as you remember. And he starts"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2833.439,"endTime":2839.019,"body":"out the film, how it is now it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2833.439,"endTime":2839.019,"body":"like covered in nature. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2839.019,"endTime":2841.719,"body":"there's absolutely no people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2839.019,"endTime":2841.719,"body":"there because it's not livable."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2842.679,"endTime":2846.219,"body":"So I often think about when I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2842.679,"endTime":2846.219,"body":"think about where we're heading,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2846.219,"endTime":2849.699,"body":"I often think about nature"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2846.219,"endTime":2849.699,"body":"always wins in the end. So it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2849.699,"endTime":2853.899,"body":"like a homeostatic system that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2849.699,"endTime":2853.899,"body":"if you over indulge on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2853.899,"endTime":2857.889,"body":"something, there's a force that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2853.899,"endTime":2857.889,"body":"brings you back to the natural,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2857.949,"endTime":2861.339,"body":"natural world in a way, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2857.949,"endTime":2861.339,"body":"nature always wins in the sense."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2861.79,"endTime":2865.18,"body":"And I think, you know, to come"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2861.79,"endTime":2865.18,"body":"back to your point about people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2865.18,"endTime":2868.54,"body":"who would want there to be less"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2865.18,"endTime":2868.54,"body":"pressure on the environment,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2869.5,"endTime":2874.03,"body":"which is desirable, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2869.5,"endTime":2874.03,"body":"nature may well win in future"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2874.03,"endTime":2876.55,"body":"here, there may well clearly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2874.03,"endTime":2876.55,"body":"slipping, like there's going to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2876.55,"endTime":2879.7,"body":"be a lot less of us in future."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2876.55,"endTime":2879.7,"body":"But the journey to get to that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2879.7,"endTime":2883.66,"body":"point is going to be pretty"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2879.7,"endTime":2883.66,"body":"unpleasant for humanity, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2883.66,"endTime":2889.75,"body":"especially if we're not prepared"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2883.66,"endTime":2889.75,"body":"for it. So you know, for all the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2889.75,"endTime":2892.15,"body":"problems we're talking about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2889.75,"endTime":2892.15,"body":"here, I think awareness of them"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2892.15,"endTime":2899.89,"body":"can minimise the situation. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2892.15,"endTime":2899.89,"body":"I am hopeful that to come back"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2899.89,"endTime":2902.68,"body":"to young people, because I don't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2899.89,"endTime":2902.68,"body":"want to forget to mention that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2902.68,"endTime":2907.06,"body":"those people who are intending"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2902.68,"endTime":2907.06,"body":"to have children who maybe are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2907.36,"endTime":2910.87,"body":"hearing this and hearing other"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2907.36,"endTime":2910.87,"body":"commentators just talk about the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2910.87,"endTime":2914.71,"body":"challenges of having children,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2910.87,"endTime":2914.71,"body":"particularly for women in their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2914.71,"endTime":2918.55,"body":"30s. I think the education"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2914.71,"endTime":2918.55,"body":"system and the recruitment"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2918.55,"endTime":2922.48,"body":"systems need to become much,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2918.55,"endTime":2922.48,"body":"much more flexible, so that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2922.51,"endTime":2925.9,"body":"people can spread their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2922.51,"endTime":2925.9,"body":"education over a longer period"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2925.9,"endTime":2928.09,"body":"of time, we're going to be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2925.9,"endTime":2928.09,"body":"living longer working longer"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2928.09,"endTime":2933.97,"body":"anyway. So why do all of our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2928.09,"endTime":2933.97,"body":"education before age 22 I'm a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2933.97,"endTime":2937.21,"body":"lifelong learner, and I love"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2933.97,"endTime":2937.21,"body":"going back to take classes"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2937.21,"endTime":2940.84,"body":"occasionally, but on things I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2937.21,"endTime":2940.84,"body":"want to learn to keep up to date"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2940.84,"endTime":2944.29,"body":"on are relevant to me. And I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2940.84,"endTime":2944.29,"body":"think the idea that we kind of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2944.29,"endTime":2948.16,"body":"forced people into this high,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2944.29,"endTime":2948.16,"body":"pressured educational"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2948.16,"endTime":2951.22,"body":"environment, training"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2948.16,"endTime":2951.22,"body":"environment early in life, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2951.22,"endTime":2955.48,"body":"then clearly incentivize people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2951.22,"endTime":2955.48,"body":"to focus on developing their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2955.48,"endTime":2960.25,"body":"career first, that needs to be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2955.48,"endTime":2960.25,"body":"rethought through. So I think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2960.25,"endTime":2963.94,"body":"there will be ways to people's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2960.25,"endTime":2963.94,"body":"lives happier to make"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2963.94,"endTime":2966.52,"body":"communities happier, but we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2963.94,"endTime":2966.52,"body":"cannot stop what's already"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2966.52,"endTime":2969.88,"body":"started. It's going to have some"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2966.52,"endTime":2969.88,"body":"level of impact whether we like"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2969.88,"endTime":2970.45,"body":"it or not,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2970.54,"endTime":2974.17,"body":"yes, I think that's the piece"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2970.54,"endTime":2974.17,"body":"like you, you bring it to life"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2974.17,"endTime":2977.68,"body":"in the film through Detroit as a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2974.17,"endTime":2977.68,"body":"really stark example. In"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2977.68,"endTime":2981.1,"body":"America, for example, when they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2977.68,"endTime":2981.1,"body":"lost half their population. It"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2981.1,"endTime":2984.07,"body":"became a very dangerous place to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2981.1,"endTime":2984.07,"body":"live because I was living in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2984.1,"endTime":2988.27,"body":"America during this period. I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2984.1,"endTime":2988.27,"body":"was in the Bay Area, but it was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2988.27,"endTime":2991.39,"body":"always in the news, what was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2988.27,"endTime":2991.39,"body":"happening in Detroit and even"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2991.39,"endTime":2996.91,"body":"during the 2008. Crash financial"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2991.39,"endTime":2996.91,"body":"crash their their houses went to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2996.94,"endTime":3001.83,"body":"$5,000. For example, And I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2996.94,"endTime":3001.83,"body":"remember I mean, a lot of houses"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3001.83,"endTime":3005.88,"body":"went down. But I remember this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3001.83,"endTime":3005.88,"body":"example very clearly because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3005.88,"endTime":3008.4,"body":"there were people in Australia"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3005.88,"endTime":3008.4,"body":"being sold the houses in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3008.4,"endTime":3011.91,"body":"Detroit. And because I'm from"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3008.4,"endTime":3011.91,"body":"Australia, as well as thinking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3011.94,"endTime":3014.25,"body":"they don't understand what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3011.94,"endTime":3014.25,"body":"they're buying,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3015.36,"endTime":3018.63,"body":"for example, yeah, and I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3015.36,"endTime":3018.63,"body":"actually spent a lot of time in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3018.63,"endTime":3021.87,"body":"Detroit is where my business is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3018.63,"endTime":3021.87,"body":"based. So I think it's another"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3021.87,"endTime":3025.98,"body":"reason, you know, I became so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3021.87,"endTime":3025.98,"body":"passionate about this project,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3025.98,"endTime":3030.51,"body":"because I could see Detroit and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3025.98,"endTime":3030.51,"body":"what happened to it. And you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3030.51,"endTime":3034.29,"body":"right, oh, eight, those years,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3030.51,"endTime":3034.29,"body":"it was on the Daily News, not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3034.29,"endTime":3038.04,"body":"just about crying, but the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3034.29,"endTime":3038.04,"body":"streets had no street lights,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3038.04,"endTime":3041.85,"body":"and the council's weren't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3038.04,"endTime":3041.85,"body":"prepared to go out with wasn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3041.85,"endTime":3044.85,"body":"safe enough to go to change the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3041.85,"endTime":3044.85,"body":"light bulbs, that there was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3044.85,"endTime":3047.94,"body":"vermin. These vermin problem,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3044.85,"endTime":3047.94,"body":"again, was overtaking the city,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3047.94,"endTime":3051.12,"body":"there were just random fires,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3047.94,"endTime":3051.12,"body":"because there's the fire"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3051.12,"endTime":3054.87,"body":"services didn't have enough"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3051.12,"endTime":3054.87,"body":"resources from the taxes of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3054.87,"endTime":3056.25,"body":"people who were living there."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3057.45,"endTime":3059.88,"body":"And they didn't want to go to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3057.45,"endTime":3059.88,"body":"certain areas."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3060.629,"endTime":3064.199,"body":"That's right. So you could buy"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3060.629,"endTime":3064.199,"body":"houses, I certainly heard of one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3064.199,"endTime":3067.529,"body":"selling for $10,000. But But you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3064.199,"endTime":3067.529,"body":"couldn't actually go there. Even"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3067.529,"endTime":3070.019,"body":"if you lived in the area, people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3067.529,"endTime":3070.019,"body":"were buying those, but it wasn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3070.019,"endTime":3070.289,"body":"safe"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3070.29,"endTime":3073.86,"body":"to the private equity firms."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3070.29,"endTime":3073.86,"body":"Were selling them in bunches to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3073.86,"endTime":3077.79,"body":"people in like, as investments."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3073.86,"endTime":3077.79,"body":"Basically, during that time, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3077.79,"endTime":3080.43,"body":"know how people always look for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3077.79,"endTime":3080.43,"body":"opportunity in these moments."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3080.43,"endTime":3084.45,"body":"But as this anyway, what I found"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3080.43,"endTime":3084.45,"body":"interesting was the recovery"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3084.48,"endTime":3087.78,"body":"process that you described to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3084.48,"endTime":3087.78,"body":"how it's a lot smaller, but"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3087.81,"endTime":3092.85,"body":"people have somehow reinvented"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3087.81,"endTime":3092.85,"body":"parts of the story there."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3093.419,"endTime":3098.489,"body":"Yeah. And then it's actually a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3093.419,"endTime":3098.489,"body":"great success story. So the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3098.489,"endTime":3101.819,"body":"Fallen population, Detroit"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3098.489,"endTime":3101.819,"body":"happened, nothing to do with"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3101.819,"endTime":3105.689,"body":"birth rates, but to do with the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3101.819,"endTime":3105.689,"body":"automotive industry workers"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3105.689,"endTime":3110.369,"body":"effectively. Factories be moved"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3105.689,"endTime":3110.369,"body":"to other locations across"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3110.369,"endTime":3114.599,"body":"America and Mexico, etc. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3110.369,"endTime":3114.599,"body":"there was an exodus. But you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3114.599,"endTime":3117.359,"body":"have the same problem. You're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3114.599,"endTime":3117.359,"body":"left with too few people. It was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3117.359,"endTime":3121.199,"body":"actually I think it was 63%"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3117.359,"endTime":3121.199,"body":"reduction in population. And one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3121.199,"endTime":3125.399,"body":"of the facts is that the, the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3121.199,"endTime":3125.399,"body":"city of Paris could fit inside"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3125.399,"endTime":3128.699,"body":"the vacant areas of Detroit. You"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3125.399,"endTime":3128.699,"body":"know, this was a bass City, it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3128.699,"endTime":3132.329,"body":"was America's fourth largest, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3128.699,"endTime":3132.329,"body":"think, third fourth wealthiest"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3132.329,"endTime":3136.379,"body":"city, when it was in its heyday,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3132.329,"endTime":3136.379,"body":"you know, going back 6070 years"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3136.379,"endTime":3140.159,"body":"ago. So the transformation is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3136.379,"endTime":3140.159,"body":"quite incredible. But what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3140.159,"endTime":3143.309,"body":"happened, there was a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3140.159,"endTime":3143.309,"body":"stabilisation of the population"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3143.309,"endTime":3146.429,"body":"a certain moment in time. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3143.309,"endTime":3146.429,"body":"there was the big moment in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3146.429,"endTime":3149.519,"body":"2013, when they say declared"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3146.429,"endTime":3149.519,"body":"bankruptcy, it just couldn't pay"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3149.519,"endTime":3155.639,"body":"its debts. And for a city, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3149.519,"endTime":3155.639,"body":"know, like Detroit, that gave it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3155.639,"endTime":3159.749,"body":"hope the population was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3155.639,"endTime":3159.749,"body":"stabilised, and enough of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3159.749,"endTime":3164.069,"body":"streets and facilities were"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3159.749,"endTime":3164.069,"body":"completely vacant by this point"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3164.069,"endTime":3166.949,"body":"in time that they could raise"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3164.069,"endTime":3166.949,"body":"them to the ground, they could"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3167.609,"endTime":3173.759,"body":"bring back Parkland wetlands. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3167.609,"endTime":3173.759,"body":"suddenly, there was a change in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3173.759,"endTime":3178.199,"body":"Detroit. I think because of a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3173.759,"endTime":3178.199,"body":"the the low cost property, a lot"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3178.199,"endTime":3181.049,"body":"of artists moved to this city."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3178.199,"endTime":3181.049,"body":"There's some beautiful buildings"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3181.049,"endTime":3183.779,"body":"with some beautiful light, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3181.049,"endTime":3183.779,"body":"you find artists, you find"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3183.779,"endTime":3188.009,"body":"musicians moving there. So I do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3183.779,"endTime":3188.009,"body":"remember, you know, just after"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3188.009,"endTime":3192.809,"body":"2013, being downtown Detroit,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3188.009,"endTime":3192.809,"body":"and the very first thing, Whole"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3192.809,"endTime":3195.629,"body":"Foods opening there, there were"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3192.809,"endTime":3195.629,"body":"there had been no grocery stores"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3195.629,"endTime":3199.379,"body":"of any kind in downtown Detroit"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3195.629,"endTime":3199.379,"body":"for maybe two decades. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3199.379,"endTime":3202.979,"body":"suddenly, there was one store."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3199.379,"endTime":3202.979,"body":"And then after that you had like"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3202.979,"endTime":3205.529,"body":"music being played at lunchtime"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3202.979,"endTime":3205.529,"body":"for the worker, and it just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3205.529,"endTime":3209.339,"body":"suddenly this buzz started. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3205.529,"endTime":3209.339,"body":"you can see how revitalization"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3209.339,"endTime":3212.519,"body":"can absolutely happen. But the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3209.339,"endTime":3212.519,"body":"key point in this story is that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3212.519,"endTime":3215.999,"body":"happened once population"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3212.519,"endTime":3215.999,"body":"stabilised. You they got to a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3215.999,"endTime":3219.719,"body":"point of staying around I think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3215.999,"endTime":3219.719,"body":"is 700,000 population thinks"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3219.719,"endTime":3223.169,"body":"we're static. Again, the economy"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3219.719,"endTime":3223.169,"body":"was rebuilt around that static"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3223.169,"endTime":3227.009,"body":"population. And it was able to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3223.169,"endTime":3227.009,"body":"plan its future. The problem for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3227.009,"endTime":3231.869,"body":"all our economies with falling"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3227.009,"endTime":3231.869,"body":"birth rates is, well, we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3231.869,"endTime":3234.839,"body":"never going to get to that point"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3231.869,"endTime":3234.839,"body":"until birth rates go back up to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3234.839,"endTime":3238.199,"body":"around 2.0. So that's the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3234.839,"endTime":3238.199,"body":"frightening thing. We're always"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3238.199,"endTime":3241.409,"body":"going to be downsizing. What I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3238.199,"endTime":3241.409,"body":"came up with the term retro"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3241.409,"endTime":3247.469,"body":"nomics really having to retrofit"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3241.409,"endTime":3247.469,"body":"our economies, for you know, it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3247.499,"endTime":3249.809,"body":"based on the fact that there's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3247.499,"endTime":3249.809,"body":"just fewer taxpayers, there's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3249.809,"endTime":3254.639,"body":"fewer people to support the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3249.809,"endTime":3254.639,"body":"society. So Detroit turns out to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3254.639,"endTime":3257.699,"body":"be a great example of what it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3254.639,"endTime":3257.699,"body":"went through the challenges, how"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3257.699,"endTime":3262.379,"body":"to cope with it, and what the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3257.699,"endTime":3262.379,"body":"possibilities are for future for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3262.379,"endTime":3266.729,"body":"us all, but a few people if I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3262.379,"endTime":3266.729,"body":"could just clarify, a few people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3266.729,"endTime":3270.479,"body":"think that our birth rate"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3266.729,"endTime":3270.479,"body":"staying around 1.6, that stays"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3270.479,"endTime":3274.829,"body":"at 1.6. That's stable, it is not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3270.479,"endTime":3274.829,"body":"stable. That means basically,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3274.859,"endTime":3279.959,"body":"you're nosediving at a constant"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3274.859,"endTime":3279.959,"body":"rate, you're still going down to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3279.959,"endTime":3285.539,"body":"pull over your nosedive that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3279.959,"endTime":3285.539,"body":"needs to go back to what close"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3285.539,"endTime":3286.559,"body":"to 2.0."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3286.86,"endTime":3291.39,"body":"So as we think one thing that we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3286.86,"endTime":3291.39,"body":"want to talk about here is that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3291.39,"endTime":3294.93,"body":"some women, like there's quite a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3291.39,"endTime":3294.93,"body":"lot of women that listen to this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3294.99,"endTime":3300.0,"body":"particular podcast as well. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3294.99,"endTime":3300.0,"body":"me too. We're not trying to make"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3300.0,"endTime":3303.03,"body":"Take out, the women have to go"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3300.0,"endTime":3303.03,"body":"out and have lots of children to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3303.06,"endTime":3307.26,"body":"make up and look, after all the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3303.06,"endTime":3307.26,"body":"old people that have created the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3307.41,"endTime":3310.83,"body":"environment that we currently"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3307.41,"endTime":3310.83,"body":"have. What we're saying is that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3310.83,"endTime":3316.53,"body":"we want to be eliminating the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3310.83,"endTime":3316.53,"body":"facts. And this is not an anti"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3316.53,"endTime":3320.97,"body":"women or going backwards moment"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3316.53,"endTime":3320.97,"body":"in our society. It's a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3320.97,"endTime":3325.38,"body":"recognition that we have created"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3320.97,"endTime":3325.38,"body":"a better society through"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3325.44,"endTime":3329.73,"body":"education of women and giving"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3325.44,"endTime":3329.73,"body":"them a place in the world. It's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3329.73,"endTime":3334.02,"body":"about how do we work towards"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3329.73,"endTime":3334.02,"body":"integrating all this knowledge"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3334.41,"endTime":3337.98,"body":"to create solutions around the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3334.41,"endTime":3337.98,"body":"situation that we're now facing?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3338.01,"endTime":3341.91,"body":"That's something that you want"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3338.01,"endTime":3341.91,"body":"to say very clearly, that's who"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3341.91,"endTime":3343.26,"body":"you are as a person."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3344.04,"endTime":3349.05,"body":"Yeah, it's so important. I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3344.04,"endTime":3349.05,"body":"describing myself now as a pan"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3349.08,"endTime":3354.15,"body":"natalist. panellist, meaning"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3349.08,"endTime":3354.15,"body":"someone who will support people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3354.15,"endTime":3357.51,"body":"who wants to have children"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3354.15,"endTime":3357.51,"body":"passionately, but also support"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3357.51,"endTime":3361.5,"body":"people who do not want children"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3357.51,"endTime":3361.5,"body":"passionately. This is not about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3362.01,"endTime":3365.85,"body":"encouraging, coercing telling"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3362.01,"endTime":3365.85,"body":"people who just don't want to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3365.85,"endTime":3370.95,"body":"become parents that they have to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3365.85,"endTime":3370.95,"body":"do. So. That's just a backward"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3370.95,"endTime":3377.97,"body":"step. And there are some nations"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3370.95,"endTime":3377.97,"body":"there are some regimes that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3378.12,"endTime":3384.18,"body":"today can be seen doing that,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3378.12,"endTime":3384.18,"body":"more through coercion. Examples?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3385.02,"endTime":3387.99,"body":"Well, one example will be around"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3385.02,"endTime":3387.99,"body":"right now where vasectomy is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3387.99,"endTime":3391.65,"body":"have been made illegal for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3387.99,"endTime":3391.65,"body":"example. Well to know about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3391.65,"endTime":3395.82,"body":"that. Yeah. So it's creeping"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3391.65,"endTime":3395.82,"body":"into many, many. And I think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3395.82,"endTime":3397.98,"body":"we've got to be on the watch for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3395.82,"endTime":3397.98,"body":"this, I think we've got to be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3397.98,"endTime":3402.75,"body":"aware that there will be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3397.98,"endTime":3402.75,"body":"movements and politicians who,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3402.78,"endTime":3407.16,"body":"you know, support this, and they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3402.78,"endTime":3407.16,"body":"may dress it up in a certain way"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3407.16,"endTime":3412.74,"body":"that it sounds appealing, but no"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3407.16,"endTime":3412.74,"body":"boost of enthusiasm for it."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3413.97,"endTime":3417.96,"body":"So as we close out the podcast,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3413.97,"endTime":3417.96,"body":"Stephen, let's give the audience"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3417.96,"endTime":3422.4,"body":"some hope. You're living in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3417.96,"endTime":3422.4,"body":"Japan to see how they can help"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3423.15,"endTime":3425.64,"body":"solve some of these problems,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3423.15,"endTime":3425.64,"body":"because they're at the leading"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3425.64,"endTime":3431.22,"body":"edge as you save the birth gap"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3425.64,"endTime":3431.22,"body":"crisis. Can you see any glimmers"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3431.22,"endTime":3434.49,"body":"of hope of how people are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3431.22,"endTime":3434.49,"body":"addressing this problem, even if"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3434.49,"endTime":3436.59,"body":"it's at a really local level,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3437.55,"endTime":3441.3,"body":"there is hope. And I didn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3437.55,"endTime":3441.3,"body":"expect a many times to come to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3441.3,"endTime":3445.2,"body":"this conclusion, but tell you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3441.3,"endTime":3445.2,"body":"that the greatest hope I have is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3445.2,"endTime":3447.81,"body":"when else screen the documentary"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3445.2,"endTime":3447.81,"body":"to groups of young people,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3447.81,"endTime":3451.83,"body":"students. The reactions from"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3447.81,"endTime":3451.83,"body":"young people, which is usually"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3452.04,"endTime":3456.72,"body":"shock, on awareness, had no idea"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3452.04,"endTime":3456.72,"body":"that, you know, the these things"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3456.75,"endTime":3461.04,"body":"are issues that they have to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3456.75,"endTime":3461.04,"body":"confront earlier in life. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3461.04,"endTime":3466.56,"body":"from one young Japanese college"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3461.04,"endTime":3466.56,"body":"student. To me, she said it all"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3466.56,"endTime":3468.99,"body":"she said, watching this"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3466.56,"endTime":3468.99,"body":"documentary changed her life."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3469.35,"endTime":3471.84,"body":"And she didn't say any more than"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3469.35,"endTime":3471.84,"body":"that. But I think I knew what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3471.84,"endTime":3475.68,"body":"she meant that she understood"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3471.84,"endTime":3475.68,"body":"now that there is a balance, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3475.68,"endTime":3479.58,"body":"can't have everything, or that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3475.68,"endTime":3479.58,"body":"young people in some way need to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3479.58,"endTime":3484.98,"body":"re engineer career work life"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3479.58,"endTime":3484.98,"body":"balance to enable all of these"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3484.98,"endTime":3489.3,"body":"things to happen. But in a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3484.98,"endTime":3489.3,"body":"different sequence to now. So I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3489.3,"endTime":3492.6,"body":"believe that young people will"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3489.3,"endTime":3492.6,"body":"solve this. And I believe that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3492.6,"endTime":3494.16,"body":"that's where that's where it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3492.6,"endTime":3494.16,"body":"will start."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3495.09,"endTime":3498.33,"body":"That's, that's a great way to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3495.09,"endTime":3498.33,"body":"finish. Because I've learned a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3498.33,"endTime":3501.96,"body":"lot about this, too. I used to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3498.33,"endTime":3501.96,"body":"think that it was up to the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3502.41,"endTime":3506.37,"body":"older people to know, but I've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3502.41,"endTime":3506.37,"body":"come to see and lead through"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3507.06,"endTime":3510.63,"body":"Gavin McCormick. He started 15"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3507.06,"endTime":3510.63,"body":"schools in India, and he was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3510.63,"endTime":3513.12,"body":"teaching young people how to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3510.63,"endTime":3513.12,"body":"help the older people in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3513.12,"endTime":3517.95,"body":"farms get better at farming. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3513.12,"endTime":3517.95,"body":"then they actually followed"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3517.95,"endTime":3522.66,"body":"them. So and I've learned from"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3517.95,"endTime":3522.66,"body":"other people, too, since that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3522.96,"endTime":3525.93,"body":"end in Canada, actually where"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3522.96,"endTime":3525.93,"body":"there's people in foster care."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3526.41,"endTime":3530.73,"body":"And they're actually helping to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3526.41,"endTime":3530.73,"body":"teach other kids about adverse"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3530.73,"endTime":3533.88,"body":"childhood experiences. And it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3530.73,"endTime":3533.88,"body":"helped them heal four"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3533.88,"endTime":3537.69,"body":"generations of adversity by"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3533.88,"endTime":3537.69,"body":"reuniting with their great"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3537.69,"endTime":3540.6,"body":"grandmother, for example, who"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3537.69,"endTime":3540.6,"body":"had to give up the kids to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3540.6,"endTime":3543.09,"body":"foster care, because they had"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3540.6,"endTime":3543.09,"body":"she'd lost her husband in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3543.09,"endTime":3546.6,"body":"war, and thought the system"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3543.09,"endTime":3546.6,"body":"would do better at raising her"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3546.6,"endTime":3551.67,"body":"kids. And those young people are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3546.6,"endTime":3551.67,"body":"between 16 and 20, educating"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3551.7,"endTime":3555.36,"body":"other young people in the world"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3551.7,"endTime":3555.36,"body":"about how to break the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3555.36,"endTime":3558.9,"body":"transmission of multi"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3555.36,"endTime":3558.9,"body":"generations of adversity. So I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3558.9,"endTime":3564.84,"body":"thinking, well, so maybe you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3558.9,"endTime":3564.84,"body":"right, and maybe this is where"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3564.84,"endTime":3567.6,"body":"to start making the biggest"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3564.84,"endTime":3567.6,"body":"difference."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3568.47,"endTime":3572.46,"body":"I believe, just enclosing the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3568.47,"endTime":3572.46,"body":"nature of this problem is that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3572.46,"endTime":3575.19,"body":"there will be fewer and fewer"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3572.46,"endTime":3575.19,"body":"young people and they're going"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3575.19,"endTime":3578.1,"body":"to be a hot demand for careers,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3575.19,"endTime":3578.1,"body":"you know, they're going to be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3578.1,"endTime":3580.95,"body":"able to call the shots. And I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3578.1,"endTime":3580.95,"body":"think young people are going to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3580.95,"endTime":3584.1,"body":"be able to tell them lawyers,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3580.95,"endTime":3584.1,"body":"the kind of career work life"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3584.1,"endTime":3586.68,"body":"balance that they need. And I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3584.1,"endTime":3586.68,"body":"think corporations will be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3586.68,"endTime":3590.04,"body":"forced to change to accommodate"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3586.68,"endTime":3590.04,"body":"that more and for many, that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3590.04,"endTime":3593.58,"body":"should enable them to have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3590.04,"endTime":3593.58,"body":"children during a fertility"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3593.58,"endTime":3597.18,"body":"window better than than today."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3593.58,"endTime":3597.18,"body":"So there really is hope here and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3599.13,"endTime":3601.44,"body":"if you don't mind me saying The"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3599.13,"endTime":3601.44,"body":"first part of the documentary is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3601.44,"endTime":3603.03,"body":"on YouTube. Anyone,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3603.9,"endTime":3607.77,"body":"please let everyone know how to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3603.9,"endTime":3607.77,"body":"join and subscribe to what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3607.77,"endTime":3610.5,"body":"you're doing because I miss"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3607.77,"endTime":3610.5,"body":"ascribe to it."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3611.25,"endTime":3615.15,"body":"Yes, for a nominal fee, we are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3611.25,"endTime":3615.15,"body":"encouraging members at birth"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3615.15,"endTime":3619.95,"body":"CAPTA. Org, we are continuing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3615.15,"endTime":3619.95,"body":"our own research. You know, they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3619.98,"endTime":3624.27,"body":"The plan is to make workup to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3619.98,"endTime":3624.27,"body":"org significant more significant"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3624.27,"endTime":3626.88,"body":"organisation with research in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3624.27,"endTime":3626.88,"body":"many countries around the world"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3626.88,"endTime":3629.67,"body":"so, and the philanthropist who"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3626.88,"endTime":3629.67,"body":"wants to talk to us about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3629.67,"endTime":3633.75,"body":"helping scale that would also be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3629.67,"endTime":3633.75,"body":"very interesting to us. But the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3633.75,"endTime":3636.57,"body":"main thing is that we want to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3633.75,"endTime":3636.57,"body":"keep all of the materials"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3636.57,"endTime":3639.96,"body":"education materials, core parts"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3636.57,"endTime":3639.96,"body":"of the documentary free for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3639.96,"endTime":3643.08,"body":"anyone to watch. So you know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3639.96,"endTime":3643.08,"body":"that that's something I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3643.08,"endTime":3646.77,"body":"passionate about. But you have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3643.08,"endTime":3646.77,"body":"anyone listening, I'd love to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3646.8,"endTime":3650.73,"body":"have you join, you can join"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3646.8,"endTime":3650.73,"body":"birth cap.org for free, there's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3650.73,"endTime":3654.63,"body":"no cost or and or you can choose"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3650.73,"endTime":3654.63,"body":"to make a small donation to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3655.08,"endTime":3658.38,"body":"Yes. So thank you so much for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3655.08,"endTime":3658.38,"body":"sharing your wisdom with us"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3658.38,"endTime":3664.71,"body":"today on the thriving minds"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3658.38,"endTime":3664.71,"body":"podcast. So many interesting new"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3664.74,"endTime":3670.23,"body":"revelations for me and really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3664.74,"endTime":3670.23,"body":"changed my thinking to about the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3670.23,"endTime":3674.22,"body":"next kind of 40 years. So thank"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3670.23,"endTime":3674.22,"body":"you so much."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":3675.27,"endTime":3676.2,"body":"Thank you. Enjoy"}]}