{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":3600.0,"endTime":3602.633,"body":"(Music)"},{"startTime":3604.333,"endTime":3606.433,"body":"Hey folks, welcome to the DarkHorse"},{"startTime":3606.433,"endTime":3608.333,"body":"Podcast live stream."},{"startTime":3609.033,"endTime":3610.166,"body":"3 19."},{"startTime":3611.633,"endTime":3611.866,"body":"No,"},{"startTime":3613.266,"endTime":3613.699,"body":"come on."},{"startTime":3614.166,"endTime":3614.8,"body":"319?"},{"startTime":3615.433,"endTime":3615.666,"body":"How would..."},{"startTime":3616.0,"endTime":3616.199,"body":"No."},{"startTime":3616.666,"endTime":3617.8,"body":"Too many things to add into it."},{"startTime":3618.933,"endTime":3619.333,"body":"So many."},{"startTime":3620.466,"endTime":3621.533,"body":"It's not a huge number,"},{"startTime":3621.533,"endTime":3623.033,"body":"but it's more than two."},{"startTime":3625.366,"endTime":3626.266,"body":"Four, in fact."},{"startTime":3626.466,"endTime":3627.466,"body":"Four, all right."},{"startTime":3627.466,"endTime":3628.733,"body":"I have no idea what they might be."},{"startTime":3628.733,"endTime":3631.166,"body":"But 11 and 29. 11 and 29."},{"startTime":3631.466,"endTime":3631.566,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3631.566,"endTime":3632.233,"body":"That's beautiful."},{"startTime":3634.199,"endTime":3635.066,"body":"Okay, well, I'm Dr."},{"startTime":3635.066,"endTime":3635.366,"body":"Bret Weinstein."},{"startTime":3635.566,"endTime":3636.099,"body":"You are Dr."},{"startTime":3636.099,"endTime":3636.633,"body":"Heather Heying."},{"startTime":3637.166,"endTime":3639.3,"body":"It is April Fool's Day."},{"startTime":3639.3,"endTime":3640.133,"body":"April Fool's Day."},{"startTime":3640.433,"endTime":3642.099,"body":"And you're not going to see this coming,"},{"startTime":3642.099,"endTime":3643.566,"body":"but everything we're going to talk about"},{"startTime":3643.566,"endTime":3645.333,"body":"is true as far as we know."},{"startTime":3646.366,"endTime":3646.866,"body":"I'm actually..."},{"startTime":3647.133,"endTime":3648.266,"body":"But some of it, a lot of"},{"startTime":3648.266,"endTime":3649.699,"body":"it maybe, we wish wasn't."},{"startTime":3650.066,"endTime":3650.833,"body":"We wish this were an"},{"startTime":3650.833,"endTime":3651.599,"body":"April Fool's episode."},{"startTime":3651.833,"endTime":3653.466,"body":"We wish these were jokes."},{"startTime":3653.733,"endTime":3653.933,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":3655.066,"endTime":3656.333,"body":"I will say I am now"},{"startTime":3656.333,"endTime":3659.533,"body":"resolutely against April Fool's Day."},{"startTime":3659.766,"endTime":3660.866,"body":"On the basis that every"},{"startTime":3660.866,"endTime":3662.133,"body":"day is now April Fool's Day."},{"startTime":3662.466,"endTime":3664.766,"body":"And we do not need to compound the"},{"startTime":3664.766,"endTime":3666.833,"body":"problem with one day in which we pretend"},{"startTime":3667.133,"endTime":3669.166,"body":"that the outlandish things that we are"},{"startTime":3669.166,"endTime":3671.533,"body":"faced with are not true."},{"startTime":3672.166,"endTime":3673.099,"body":"Because so much that"},{"startTime":3673.099,"endTime":3674.0,"body":"we are told is not true."},{"startTime":3674.4,"endTime":3675.133,"body":"Yeah, you get like..."},{"startTime":3676.4,"endTime":3677.666,"body":"It's almost like there's holiday creep."},{"startTime":3678.766,"endTime":3679.566,"body":"Certainly there has"},{"startTime":3679.566,"endTime":3681.466,"body":"been with Halloween a..."},{"startTime":3681.733,"endTime":3682.633,"body":"You're not referring to me."},{"startTime":3683.9,"endTime":3684.766,"body":"There's holiday creep."},{"startTime":3685.666,"endTime":3688.9,"body":"And with Halloween, which is the holiday"},{"startTime":3688.9,"endTime":3689.466,"body":"that I've never"},{"startTime":3689.466,"endTime":3690.933,"body":"understood or been interested in."},{"startTime":3691.166,"endTime":3692.833,"body":"But yeah, as a kid, dressed up and"},{"startTime":3692.833,"endTime":3694.966,"body":"whatever, but I've never understood"},{"startTime":3694.966,"endTime":3696.866,"body":"adults' fascination with it."},{"startTime":3698.233,"endTime":3700.833,"body":"Except that it speaks to some of the same"},{"startTime":3700.833,"endTime":3703.833,"body":"things that like Mardi Gras does, that"},{"startTime":3703.833,"endTime":3706.566,"body":"exploring the liminal, taking on a"},{"startTime":3706.566,"endTime":3709.099,"body":"different role, being some... putting on"},{"startTime":3709.099,"endTime":3711.233,"body":"a different persona for a"},{"startTime":3711.233,"endTime":3712.466,"body":"period and seeing how it goes."},{"startTime":3712.966,"endTime":3714.466,"body":"But that has obviously become a"},{"startTime":3714.466,"endTime":3715.466,"body":"year-round phenomenon"},{"startTime":3715.466,"endTime":3716.466,"body":"for many people as well."},{"startTime":3717.3,"endTime":3717.766,"body":"Good point."},{"startTime":3719.033,"endTime":3720.066,"body":"How many of these..."},{"startTime":3720.833,"endTime":3722.199,"body":"How about St."},{"startTime":3722.366,"endTime":3722.833,"body":"Patrick's Day?"},{"startTime":3722.833,"endTime":3723.366,"body":"Well, some people are"},{"startTime":3723.366,"endTime":3724.833,"body":"just drinking all the time."},{"startTime":3725.466,"endTime":3726.699,"body":"But maybe that was always the case."},{"startTime":3727.366,"endTime":3729.666,"body":"Yes, although I now realize that you and"},{"startTime":3729.666,"endTime":3731.8,"body":"I are guilty of this in a way that I"},{"startTime":3731.8,"endTime":3732.599,"body":"think either of us"},{"startTime":3732.599,"endTime":3734.0,"body":"would defend ferociously."},{"startTime":3734.833,"endTime":3738.966,"body":"Which is that you have so completely"},{"startTime":3738.966,"endTime":3740.533,"body":"mastered the phenomenon of the"},{"startTime":3740.533,"endTime":3742.8,"body":"Thanksgiving feast that we often end up"},{"startTime":3742.8,"endTime":3745.466,"body":"doing more than one in a year."},{"startTime":3745.666,"endTime":3747.333,"body":"Yeah, but it's not year-round."},{"startTime":3747.333,"endTime":3747.599,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":3747.599,"endTime":3748.166,"body":"No, it's definitely"},{"startTime":3748.166,"endTime":3749.133,"body":"not a year-round thing."},{"startTime":3749.633,"endTime":3752.633,"body":"But it has doubled the..."},{"startTime":3753.666,"endTime":3753.933,"body":"Sometimes."},{"startTime":3754.266,"endTime":3755.099,"body":"Well, I guess I..."},{"startTime":3757.166,"endTime":3759.933,"body":"Because you and our delightful children,"},{"startTime":3760.366,"endTime":3761.266,"body":"one of whom is about..."},{"startTime":3761.533,"endTime":3762.933,"body":"We're about not teenagers anymore."},{"startTime":3764.233,"endTime":3765.933,"body":"Anyway, our younger son is going to turn"},{"startTime":3765.933,"endTime":3767.566,"body":"20 over the weekend, and"},{"startTime":3767.566,"endTime":3768.533,"body":"that's rather extraordinary."},{"startTime":3769.199,"endTime":3771.166,"body":"But because the three of you all declare"},{"startTime":3771.166,"endTime":3774.099,"body":"that you love the traditional and"},{"startTime":3774.099,"endTime":3776.233,"body":"traditionally inspired dishes that I make"},{"startTime":3776.233,"endTime":3778.633,"body":"for Thanksgiving, I often make the same"},{"startTime":3778.633,"endTime":3779.366,"body":"thing for Christmas."},{"startTime":3779.933,"endTime":3780.133,"body":"Yep."},{"startTime":3780.966,"endTime":3782.533,"body":"And it leaves days and"},{"startTime":3782.533,"endTime":3783.566,"body":"days of delicious leftovers."},{"startTime":3784.466,"endTime":3786.033,"body":"And if anyone was like, \"I don't really"},{"startTime":3786.033,"endTime":3787.733,"body":"like turkey,\" or \"I kind of not into the"},{"startTime":3787.733,"endTime":3789.466,"body":"thing,\" we wouldn't be doing it."},{"startTime":3789.466,"endTime":3789.666,"body":"But..."},{"startTime":3789.733,"endTime":3790.733,"body":"Yeah, no, everybody likes it."},{"startTime":3790.966,"endTime":3791.166,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3791.766,"endTime":3795.133,"body":"Whereas the universal cosplay that crept"},{"startTime":3795.133,"endTime":3797.033,"body":"out of Halloween and the..."},{"startTime":3797.066,"endTime":3797.533,"body":"What was the..."},{"startTime":3798.4,"endTime":3799.133,"body":"What did you..."},{"startTime":3799.133,"endTime":3799.966,"body":"Oh, April Fool's Day."},{"startTime":3799.966,"endTime":3801.533,"body":"That's how we got here."},{"startTime":3801.533,"endTime":3802.266,"body":"That's how we got here."},{"startTime":3802.633,"endTime":3802.966,"body":"Yeah. Yeah."},{"startTime":3802.966,"endTime":3806.766,"body":"You are suggesting that every day has"},{"startTime":3806.766,"endTime":3808.333,"body":"become a de facto April Fool's Day, and"},{"startTime":3808.333,"endTime":3809.666,"body":"therefore, we should just..."},{"startTime":3810.066,"endTime":3811.8,"body":"You're arguing for the cancellation of a"},{"startTime":3811.8,"endTime":3813.033,"body":"beloved holiday is what you're doing."},{"startTime":3813.033,"endTime":3815.566,"body":"I think we could revisit the matter were"},{"startTime":3815.566,"endTime":3817.633,"body":"the world to return to a basically"},{"startTime":3817.633,"endTime":3818.533,"body":"interpretable state."},{"startTime":3818.533,"endTime":3820.133,"body":"Which you know it won't, and therefore,"},{"startTime":3820.133,"endTime":3821.433,"body":"you're arguing for cancellation."},{"startTime":3821.9,"endTime":3822.066,"body":"Pretty much."},{"startTime":3822.066,"endTime":3823.3,"body":"Which is frankly shocking."},{"startTime":3824.533,"endTime":3824.866,"body":"Coming from you?"},{"startTime":3825.533,"endTime":3827.0,"body":"Actually, it's one argument"},{"startTime":3827.0,"endTime":3828.166,"body":"you could make that I'm woke."},{"startTime":3828.466,"endTime":3829.533,"body":"Is that I'm arguing to"},{"startTime":3829.533,"endTime":3830.766,"body":"cancel April Fool's Day."},{"startTime":3831.3,"endTime":3832.133,"body":"Cancellation being"},{"startTime":3832.133,"endTime":3833.566,"body":"the sin qua non of woke."},{"startTime":3834.033,"endTime":3834.233,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":3834.566,"endTime":3836.266,"body":"This was my..."},{"startTime":3836.4,"endTime":3837.066,"body":"That's your point."},{"startTime":3837.266,"endTime":3837.466,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":3837.633,"endTime":3838.699,"body":"Well, here's the thing."},{"startTime":3839.599,"endTime":3841.233,"body":"Somebody in response to my suggestion"},{"startTime":3841.233,"endTime":3843.166,"body":"this morning that we get rid"},{"startTime":3843.166,"endTime":3845.266,"body":"of this terrible holiday..."},{"startTime":3845.266,"endTime":3846.466,"body":"Oh, you said this publicly."},{"startTime":3846.466,"endTime":3847.533,"body":"I did say this publicly,"},{"startTime":3847.533,"endTime":3848.733,"body":"and somebody suggested..."},{"startTime":3849.566,"endTime":3851.5,"body":"You have two totally separate lives."},{"startTime":3852.133,"endTime":3852.433,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3852.433,"endTime":3854.3,"body":"And they come together sometimes here."},{"startTime":3854.733,"endTime":3856.666,"body":"And sometimes I hear from people, they're"},{"startTime":3856.666,"endTime":3857.133,"body":"like, \"How could you"},{"startTime":3857.133,"endTime":3858.066,"body":"not know he said this?\""},{"startTime":3858.166,"endTime":3861.166,"body":"I don't pay attention to all the other"},{"startTime":3861.166,"endTime":3862.533,"body":"things that he does publicly."},{"startTime":3862.733,"endTime":3863.333,"body":"But in any case..."},{"startTime":3863.333,"endTime":3864.533,"body":"Because I assume that you will say the"},{"startTime":3864.533,"endTime":3865.5,"body":"important things to me directly."},{"startTime":3865.733,"endTime":3865.966,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":3866.233,"endTime":3866.533,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3866.933,"endTime":3867.866,"body":"And I do."},{"startTime":3867.866,"endTime":3869.833,"body":"I don't think I very frequently tweet"},{"startTime":3869.833,"endTime":3871.866,"body":"something that you and I haven't had a"},{"startTime":3871.866,"endTime":3873.599,"body":"discussion about, or something like that."},{"startTime":3873.599,"endTime":3876.066,"body":"But in any case, someone proposed that"},{"startTime":3876.066,"endTime":3878.066,"body":"actually what we could do is we could"},{"startTime":3878.066,"endTime":3880.966,"body":"reverse the holiday, and on April 1st,"},{"startTime":3880.966,"endTime":3883.0,"body":"people are required to tell the truth,"},{"startTime":3883.0,"endTime":3884.633,"body":"which I think would be fantastic."},{"startTime":3884.933,"endTime":3888.133,"body":"And it would also cause Goliath to"},{"startTime":3888.133,"endTime":3889.566,"body":"crumble in his tracks."},{"startTime":3890.766,"endTime":3891.666,"body":"Yeah, it would cause market failure."},{"startTime":3892.866,"endTime":3894.833,"body":"It might cause the market to return to"},{"startTime":3894.833,"endTime":3896.233,"body":"being something other than a casino."},{"startTime":3896.933,"endTime":3897.133,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":3897.466,"endTime":3898.033,"body":"That would be good."},{"startTime":3899.366,"endTime":3900.699,"body":"Wouldn't that mean market failure in the"},{"startTime":3900.699,"endTime":3901.8,"body":"current environment?"},{"startTime":3902.3,"endTime":3903.133,"body":"Well, the problem is"},{"startTime":3903.133,"endTime":3904.733,"body":"that's a reserved term."},{"startTime":3904.733,"endTime":3905.4,"body":"Oh, okay."},{"startTime":3905.733,"endTime":3906.933,"body":"Yes, market failure is..."},{"startTime":3907.133,"endTime":3908.133,"body":"Sorry, didn't know."},{"startTime":3908.166,"endTime":3910.733,"body":"Yeah, that's when markets screw you,"},{"startTime":3910.733,"endTime":3912.4,"body":"where they're supposed to be creating"},{"startTime":3912.4,"endTime":3914.566,"body":"wealth, and the market fails to do that"},{"startTime":3914.566,"endTime":3915.333,"body":"for various reasons."},{"startTime":3915.633,"endTime":3915.833,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3916.166,"endTime":3916.366,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3917.133,"endTime":3918.599,"body":"No, we can't use reserved terms."},{"startTime":3918.9,"endTime":3919.199,"body":"No."},{"startTime":3919.4,"endTime":3920.033,"body":"No, sir."},{"startTime":3920.033,"endTime":3921.733,"body":"We have to reserve the reserved terms for"},{"startTime":3921.733,"endTime":3922.533,"body":"what they're reserved for."},{"startTime":3922.833,"endTime":3923.033,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3923.533,"endTime":3924.866,"body":"I guess we do."},{"startTime":3925.333,"endTime":3927.666,"body":"Okay, we had a great Q\u0026A on Sunday."},{"startTime":3927.666,"endTime":3928.633,"body":"Go check it out on Locals."},{"startTime":3928.966,"endTime":3930.533,"body":"This is the first of a four-pack of"},{"startTime":3930.533,"endTime":3932.566,"body":"evolutionary lens episodes, livestreams"},{"startTime":3932.566,"endTime":3934.266,"body":"we're doing today, Wednesday, next"},{"startTime":3934.266,"endTime":3936.199,"body":"Saturday, the following Wednesday, the"},{"startTime":3936.199,"endTime":3937.433,"body":"following Saturday, and then we're off"},{"startTime":3937.433,"endTime":3938.966,"body":"for a couple of weeks."},{"startTime":3940.033,"endTime":3941.666,"body":"So keep coming back for these"},{"startTime":3941.666,"endTime":3943.0,"body":"livestreams, and you're doing some"},{"startTime":3943.333,"endTime":3945.699,"body":"Patreons this weekend, and we got all"},{"startTime":3945.699,"endTime":3947.033,"body":"sorts of good stuff happening."},{"startTime":3947.333,"endTime":3947.533,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":3947.966,"endTime":3948.166,"body":"Here."},{"startTime":3949.033,"endTime":3950.433,"body":"Here now, soon."},{"startTime":3950.9,"endTime":3951.166,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":3951.5,"endTime":3952.133,"body":"All those things."},{"startTime":3952.666,"endTime":3953.4,"body":"You know, all the"},{"startTime":3953.4,"endTime":3954.633,"body":"things as the kids now say."},{"startTime":3956.199,"endTime":3956.5,"body":"Do they?"},{"startTime":3956.699,"endTime":3958.333,"body":"I'm pretty sure they do."},{"startTime":3958.566,"endTime":3958.766,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":3959.0,"endTime":3959.366,"body":"Yeah, yeah."},{"startTime":3959.699,"endTime":3959.966,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":3961.766,"endTime":3963.366,"body":"We have three sponsors at the top of the"},{"startTime":3963.366,"endTime":3964.166,"body":"hour, as we always do."},{"startTime":3964.4,"endTime":3968.433,"body":"Three great sponsors, and you're acting"},{"startTime":3968.433,"endTime":3968.966,"body":"like you're freaking"},{"startTime":3968.966,"endTime":3969.966,"body":"out, but you're not really."},{"startTime":3970.233,"endTime":3972.133,"body":"I always have a little trepidation about"},{"startTime":3972.133,"endTime":3973.4,"body":"the reading, but you know."},{"startTime":3974.633,"endTime":3975.433,"body":"You got this."},{"startTime":3975.433,"endTime":3976.066,"body":"I'm going to power through."},{"startTime":3976.633,"endTime":3976.933,"body":"Are we there?"},{"startTime":3977.866,"endTime":3978.933,"body":"Our first sponsor this"},{"startTime":3978.933,"endTime":3980.533,"body":"week, Heather, is Timeline."},{"startTime":3981.233,"endTime":3983.599,"body":"Timeline makes mitopure, which contains a"},{"startTime":3983.599,"endTime":3985.733,"body":"powerful postbiotic that is hard to find,"},{"startTime":3986.099,"endTime":3987.5,"body":"no, hard to get from your diet."},{"startTime":3988.166,"endTime":3990.233,"body":"No, hard to get from your diet alone,"},{"startTime":3990.466,"endTime":3992.266,"body":"colon, your urolithin A."},{"startTime":3992.5,"endTime":3994.466,"body":"Your urolithin A is found primarily in"},{"startTime":3994.466,"endTime":3996.733,"body":"pomegranates and has been the subject of"},{"startTime":3996.733,"endTime":3998.066,"body":"hundreds of scientific or clinical"},{"startTime":3998.066,"endTime":3999.566,"body":"studies, many of which find that it"},{"startTime":3999.566,"endTime":4001.633,"body":"enhances mitochondrial function and"},{"startTime":4001.633,"endTime":4003.099,"body":"cellular energy and improves muscle"},{"startTime":4003.099,"endTime":4003.966,"body":"strength and endurance."},{"startTime":4004.699,"endTime":4005.466,"body":"But how does it work?"},{"startTime":4006.533,"endTime":4009.066,"body":"Your mitochondria are the powerhouse of"},{"startTime":4009.066,"endTime":4011.133,"body":"your cells, as your high school biology"},{"startTime":4011.133,"endTime":4012.933,"body":"teacher tried to tell you."},{"startTime":4013.333,"endTime":4014.9,"body":"Like everything living, they decay over"},{"startTime":4014.9,"endTime":4016.033,"body":"time and get damaged."},{"startTime":4016.599,"endTime":4018.166,"body":"The older we get, the more likely we are"},{"startTime":4018.166,"endTime":4019.9,"body":"to have damaged mitochondria, which"},{"startTime":4019.9,"endTime":4021.766,"body":"accumulate in joints and other tissues."},{"startTime":4022.233,"endTime":4024.566,"body":"This is in part because mitophagy, the"},{"startTime":4024.566,"endTime":4026.533,"body":"process by which damaged mitochondria are"},{"startTime":4026.533,"endTime":4027.866,"body":"removed from cells, becomes less"},{"startTime":4027.866,"endTime":4030.066,"body":"efficient the older we get due to a"},{"startTime":4030.066,"endTime":4032.333,"body":"fascinating process called senescence."},{"startTime":4032.833,"endTime":4035.633,"body":"The age-related decline in mitophagy not"},{"startTime":4035.633,"endTime":4037.533,"body":"only inhibits removal of damaged and"},{"startTime":4037.533,"endTime":4040.0,"body":"excess mitochondria, but also impairs the"},{"startTime":4040.0,"endTime":4041.633,"body":"creation of new mitochondria, which"},{"startTime":4041.633,"endTime":4042.566,"body":"results in overall"},{"startTime":4042.566,"endTime":4043.766,"body":"decline in cell function."},{"startTime":4044.9,"endTime":4045.733,"body":"mitopure from Timeline"},{"startTime":4045.733,"endTime":4047.666,"body":"works by triggering mitophagy."},{"startTime":4048.233,"endTime":4052.633,"body":"The journal Cell reports Medicine"},{"startTime":4052.633,"endTime":4054.766,"body":"published research in 2022"},{"startTime":4054.766,"endTime":4056.633,"body":"that in part reads as follows."},{"startTime":4057.166,"endTime":4059.633,"body":"Targeting mitophagy to activate the"},{"startTime":4059.633,"endTime":4061.266,"body":"recycling of faulty mitochondria during"},{"startTime":4061.266,"endTime":4062.966,"body":"aging is a strategy to"},{"startTime":4062.966,"endTime":4064.066,"body":"mitigate muscle decline."},{"startTime":4064.433,"endTime":4066.233,"body":"We present results from a randomized"},{"startTime":4066.233,"endTime":4068.166,"body":"placebo-controlled trial in middle-aged"},{"startTime":4068.166,"endTime":4070.166,"body":"adults where we administer a postbiotic"},{"startTime":4070.166,"endTime":4073.133,"body":"compound, urolithin A, might appear, a"},{"startTime":4073.133,"endTime":4074.599,"body":"known mitophagy activator"},{"startTime":4074.8,"endTime":4076.3,"body":"at two doses for four months."},{"startTime":4076.333,"endTime":4077.866,"body":"The data shows significant improvements"},{"startTime":4077.866,"endTime":4079.9,"body":"in muscle strength with"},{"startTime":4079.9,"endTime":4081.233,"body":"intake of urolithin A."},{"startTime":4081.233,"endTime":4082.466,"body":"We observe clinically meaningful"},{"startTime":4082.466,"endTime":4084.5,"body":"improvements in urolithin A on aerobic"},{"startTime":4084.5,"endTime":4086.333,"body":"endurance and physical performance, but"},{"startTime":4086.333,"endTime":4086.933,"body":"not a significant"},{"startTime":4086.933,"endTime":4088.8,"body":"improvement in peak power output."},{"startTime":4089.766,"endTime":4092.699,"body":"Furthermore, in 2016, research published"},{"startTime":4092.699,"endTime":4094.666,"body":"in Nature Medicine found that in mice,"},{"startTime":4094.666,"endTime":4096.433,"body":"the beneficial effects of urolithin A on"},{"startTime":4096.433,"endTime":4097.5,"body":"muscle physiology were"},{"startTime":4097.5,"endTime":4099.166,"body":"independent of diet or age."},{"startTime":4099.766,"endTime":4101.8,"body":"Take two soft gels of mitopure a day for"},{"startTime":4101.8,"endTime":4103.233,"body":"two months, and you may see significant"},{"startTime":4103.366,"endTime":4104.133,"body":"improvements in your"},{"startTime":4104.133,"endTime":4105.266,"body":"muscle strength and endurance."},{"startTime":4105.766,"endTime":4107.466,"body":"mitopure enhances your cell's ability to"},{"startTime":4107.466,"endTime":4109.1,"body":"clean themselves up and regenerate new"},{"startTime":4109.1,"endTime":4110.1,"body":"healthy mitochondria."},{"startTime":4110.466,"endTime":4112.6,"body":"In combination with regular physical"},{"startTime":4112.6,"endTime":4114.266,"body":"activity, mitopure can help you save"},{"startTime":4114.266,"endTime":4115.933,"body":"strong and healthy into old age."},{"startTime":4116.633,"endTime":4118.666,"body":"Timeline is now offering 20% off your"},{"startTime":4118.666,"endTime":4119.766,"body":"first order of mitopure."},{"startTime":4120.266,"endTime":4123.033,"body":"Go to timeline.com slash darkhorse and"},{"startTime":4123.033,"endTime":4124.433,"body":"use the code darkhorse to"},{"startTime":4124.433,"endTime":4126.8,"body":"get 20% off your first order."},{"startTime":4127.366,"endTime":4129.633,"body":"That's T-I-M-E-L-I-N-E"},{"startTime":4129.633,"endTime":4131.933,"body":"dot com slash darkhorse."},{"startTime":4133.933,"endTime":4135.399,"body":"Wasn't so bad, was it?"},{"startTime":4135.399,"endTime":4135.933,"body":"It was a little rough"},{"startTime":4135.933,"endTime":4136.733,"body":"at the beginning, but you"},{"startTime":4136.733,"endTime":4137.733,"body":"know, we got there."},{"startTime":4137.733,"endTime":4138.266,"body":"You got through it."},{"startTime":4138.266,"endTime":4138.466,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4139.033,"endTime":4142.633,"body":"I even, I even slid in a few little"},{"startTime":4142.633,"endTime":4145.199,"body":"pointers to fascinating material"},{"startTime":4145.199,"endTime":4146.066,"body":"elsewhere and nobody"},{"startTime":4146.066,"endTime":4146.966,"body":"was any of the wiser."},{"startTime":4148.199,"endTime":4148.666,"body":"Not anymore."},{"startTime":4149.066,"endTime":4151.033,"body":"No, that why I've now blown my cover."},{"startTime":4151.233,"endTime":4151.699,"body":"Yes, you have."},{"startTime":4152.466,"endTime":4154.333,"body":"Our second sponsor today is a sauna"},{"startTime":4154.333,"endTime":4155.566,"body":"space, which makes amazing"},{"startTime":4155.566,"endTime":4157.266,"body":"saunas and therapeutic lights."},{"startTime":4157.866,"endTime":4159.566,"body":"SaunaSpace combines red light therapy"},{"startTime":4159.566,"endTime":4161.566,"body":"near infrared and deep radiant heat for"},{"startTime":4161.566,"endTime":4162.733,"body":"whole body results at home."},{"startTime":4163.266,"endTime":4164.266,"body":"They don't make harsh LED"},{"startTime":4164.266,"endTime":4165.633,"body":"panels or giant wooden boxes."},{"startTime":4166.233,"endTime":4168.066,"body":"After over 10 years of R\u0026D, SaunaSpace"},{"startTime":4168.066,"endTime":4169.333,"body":"is developed with proprietary"},{"startTime":4169.333,"endTime":4171.833,"body":"sun-like firelight spectrum."},{"startTime":4172.833,"endTime":4174.433,"body":"It's flicker free, glare free and"},{"startTime":4174.433,"endTime":4175.866,"body":"comfortable to use with long life"},{"startTime":4175.866,"endTime":4177.433,"body":"incandescent bulbs that stay consistent"},{"startTime":4177.433,"endTime":4178.366,"body":"for more than five years."},{"startTime":4179.166,"endTime":4180.566,"body":"If you've looked into saunas or red light"},{"startTime":4180.566,"endTime":4181.933,"body":"therapy, you know that the market is a"},{"startTime":4181.933,"endTime":4183.566,"body":"mess full of claims that seem designed to"},{"startTime":4183.566,"endTime":4184.533,"body":"obscure rather than heal."},{"startTime":4184.8,"endTime":4186.3,"body":"It's hard to know if any given product is"},{"startTime":4186.3,"endTime":4187.833,"body":"effective or what frequencies it produces"},{"startTime":4187.833,"endTime":4188.866,"body":"or whether it emits harmful"},{"startTime":4188.866,"endTime":4190.3,"body":"electromagnetic radiation."},{"startTime":4190.966,"endTime":4192.366,"body":"The only product I have found that"},{"startTime":4192.366,"endTime":4193.699,"body":"clearly lives up to its scientific and"},{"startTime":4193.699,"endTime":4195.333,"body":"health claims is SaunaSpace."},{"startTime":4196.366,"endTime":4197.833,"body":"SaunaSpace has two flagship products,"},{"startTime":4197.833,"endTime":4199.266,"body":"the glow and the firelight sauna."},{"startTime":4199.666,"endTime":4201.5,"body":"The glow is a single large light that can"},{"startTime":4201.5,"endTime":4202.766,"body":"be used by the desk or bedside."},{"startTime":4203.166,"endTime":4204.766,"body":"It can alleviate screen fatigue and the"},{"startTime":4204.766,"endTime":4206.133,"body":"ill effects of blue light and helps with"},{"startTime":4206.133,"endTime":4207.5,"body":"skin, mood and energy concerns."},{"startTime":4208.1,"endTime":4209.366,"body":"It's great to use at night as your only"},{"startTime":4209.366,"endTime":4210.866,"body":"light source and it also works as spot"},{"startTime":4210.866,"endTime":4211.966,"body":"relief for sore backs,"},{"startTime":4211.966,"endTime":4212.966,"body":"tight shoulders or cramps."},{"startTime":4213.8,"endTime":4215.933,"body":"Our 15 year old cat has been using the"},{"startTime":4215.933,"endTime":4217.866,"body":"glow for several months now and looks"},{"startTime":4217.866,"endTime":4218.866,"body":"like a much younger cat."},{"startTime":4218.899,"endTime":4220.6,"body":"I know that sounds like a crazy thing to"},{"startTime":4220.6,"endTime":4223.633,"body":"claim, but I'm pretty convinced that that"},{"startTime":4223.633,"endTime":4225.033,"body":"is at least part of what is going on."},{"startTime":4225.266,"endTime":4226.366,"body":"He looks way younger"},{"startTime":4226.366,"endTime":4227.5,"body":"than he did five years ago."},{"startTime":4228.666,"endTime":4231.633,"body":"Yes, he still cannot turn it on himself,"},{"startTime":4231.633,"endTime":4232.933,"body":"which I think I'm grateful for."},{"startTime":4232.933,"endTime":4234.666,"body":"Yes, indeed."},{"startTime":4236.033,"endTime":4238.133,"body":"SaunaSpaces firelight sauna is a full"},{"startTime":4238.133,"endTime":4239.733,"body":"body sauna that promotes sweat and also"},{"startTime":4239.733,"endTime":4240.766,"body":"provides red light and"},{"startTime":4240.766,"endTime":4241.866,"body":"near infrared therapy."},{"startTime":4241.866,"endTime":4243.233,"body":"It is beautiful and powerful and"},{"startTime":4243.233,"endTime":4244.533,"body":"contributes to deep detox,"},{"startTime":4244.533,"endTime":4245.699,"body":"pain relief and better sleep."},{"startTime":4246.233,"endTime":4247.433,"body":"From stress relief to healing and"},{"startTime":4247.433,"endTime":4248.966,"body":"recovery, this sauna is amazing."},{"startTime":4250.033,"endTime":4251.066,"body":"The cat likes the sauna too."},{"startTime":4251.966,"endTime":4253.399,"body":"The firelight sauna offers short fast"},{"startTime":4253.399,"endTime":4254.866,"body":"sessions with no preheat necessary."},{"startTime":4255.166,"endTime":4255.899,"body":"You flip the switch and"},{"startTime":4255.899,"endTime":4256.866,"body":"start sweating in minutes."},{"startTime":4257.233,"endTime":4258.633,"body":"It's a beautiful canvas sauna that is"},{"startTime":4258.633,"endTime":4259.333,"body":"lightweight and fits"},{"startTime":4259.333,"endTime":4260.466,"body":"into a spare room or corner."},{"startTime":4260.933,"endTime":4262.199,"body":"You can start small with the glow."},{"startTime":4262.666,"endTime":4264.033,"body":"There's single full spectrum red and"},{"startTime":4264.033,"endTime":4265.3,"body":"infrared light or go all"},{"startTime":4265.3,"endTime":4266.866,"body":"in with the firelight sauna."},{"startTime":4267.866,"endTime":4269.766,"body":"All SaunaSpace products are built with"},{"startTime":4269.766,"endTime":4271.5,"body":"integrity and handmade Missouri with"},{"startTime":4271.5,"endTime":4273.1,"body":"organic cotton, bamboo, sustainable"},{"startTime":4273.1,"endTime":4274.233,"body":"unfinished basswood and"},{"startTime":4274.233,"endTime":4275.366,"body":"medical grade stainless steel."},{"startTime":4275.866,"endTime":4276.766,"body":"No toxic loser"},{"startTime":4276.766,"endTime":4278.199,"body":"plastics and no off gassing."},{"startTime":4278.699,"endTime":4280.066,"body":"The grounding mat and optional silver"},{"startTime":4280.066,"endTime":4282.033,"body":"lining upgrade blocks environmental EMFs"},{"startTime":4282.033,"endTime":4284.366,"body":"like Wi-Fi to enhance healing and you get"},{"startTime":4284.366,"endTime":4285.466,"body":"a hundred day home trial"},{"startTime":4285.466,"endTime":4287.1,"body":"and outstanding customer care."},{"startTime":4287.933,"endTime":4288.766,"body":"Take your wellness to the"},{"startTime":4288.766,"endTime":4289.866,"body":"next level with SaunaSpace."},{"startTime":4290.533,"endTime":4292.199,"body":"DarkHorse listeners get an exclusive 10%"},{"startTime":4292.433,"endTime":4294.366,"body":"offsite wide offer when you shop at"},{"startTime":4294.366,"endTime":4297.133,"body":"sauna.space.darkhorse and now through"},{"startTime":4297.133,"endTime":4299.633,"body":"April 26th, every sauna purchase also"},{"startTime":4299.633,"endTime":4301.8,"body":"includes a free glow infrared therapy"},{"startTime":4301.8,"endTime":4304.633,"body":"light, a $695 value with your order."},{"startTime":4305.366,"endTime":4307.166,"body":"That's S A U N A dot"},{"startTime":4307.166,"endTime":4309.133,"body":"space slash DarkHorse."},{"startTime":4309.833,"endTime":4310.5,"body":"That's cool."},{"startTime":4310.733,"endTime":4311.133,"body":"It is cool."},{"startTime":4311.366,"endTime":4311.966,"body":"Glow free with it."},{"startTime":4311.966,"endTime":4312.333,"body":"That's cool."},{"startTime":4312.333,"endTime":4314.366,"body":"That's really cool because the sauna is"},{"startTime":4314.366,"endTime":4316.699,"body":"awesome, but it's a destination."},{"startTime":4317.366,"endTime":4319.066,"body":"You're not hanging out in the sauna,"},{"startTime":4319.066,"endTime":4320.933,"body":"whereas the glow, which we've had for"},{"startTime":4320.933,"endTime":4325.0,"body":"several years now, which I found years"},{"startTime":4325.0,"endTime":4328.6,"body":"ago and we use it as the"},{"startTime":4328.6,"endTime":4331.166,"body":"only light at night often."},{"startTime":4331.833,"endTime":4334.233,"body":"And it's just completely fantastic and"},{"startTime":4334.233,"endTime":4336.266,"body":"it's really a different, it's got a"},{"startTime":4336.266,"endTime":4337.1,"body":"different, totally different"},{"startTime":4337.1,"endTime":4338.366,"body":"set of use cases than a sauna."},{"startTime":4338.633,"endTime":4340.766,"body":"Yeah, you can integrate it with other"},{"startTime":4340.766,"endTime":4341.6,"body":"things that you're doing."},{"startTime":4342.633,"endTime":4345.133,"body":"And lovely that when you use it at night,"},{"startTime":4345.133,"endTime":4347.199,"body":"it doesn't disturb your ability to go to"},{"startTime":4347.199,"endTime":4349.866,"body":"sleep because that red spectrum does not"},{"startTime":4349.866,"endTime":4351.1,"body":"trigger your pineal"},{"startTime":4351.1,"endTime":4352.166,"body":"gland to think it's noon."},{"startTime":4354.066,"endTime":4357.933,"body":"Unlike the first start we'll be talking"},{"startTime":4357.933,"endTime":4359.899,"body":"about once we get through the ads."},{"startTime":4359.933,"endTime":4360.8,"body":"Where it can be noon"},{"startTime":4360.8,"endTime":4361.766,"body":"whenever you want it."},{"startTime":4361.766,"endTime":4362.766,"body":"If you've got the money."},{"startTime":4363.033,"endTime":4363.433,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4363.866,"endTime":4364.366,"body":"Fantastic."},{"startTime":4364.766,"endTime":4364.966,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":4365.766,"endTime":4366.8,"body":"Actually fantastic."},{"startTime":4366.8,"endTime":4367.933,"body":"Because our final sponsor this week,"},{"startTime":4367.933,"endTime":4369.466,"body":"which is Caraway, which makes high"},{"startTime":4369.466,"endTime":4371.766,"body":"quality non-toxic cookware and bakeware."},{"startTime":4372.3,"endTime":4373.633,"body":"If you want to cook more while eating"},{"startTime":4373.633,"endTime":4375.033,"body":"better and decreasing your exposure to"},{"startTime":4375.033,"endTime":4376.1,"body":"toxins, you can do all"},{"startTime":4376.1,"endTime":4377.166,"body":"three by using Caraway."},{"startTime":4377.766,"endTime":4379.666,"body":"As winter breaks up and spring shows up,"},{"startTime":4379.866,"endTime":4381.266,"body":"maybe you're cooking fewer stews and"},{"startTime":4381.266,"endTime":4382.866,"body":"braises moving towards lighter fare like"},{"startTime":4382.866,"endTime":4385.733,"body":"roasted chicken or eating the very"},{"startTime":4385.733,"endTime":4386.866,"body":"earliest berries and shoots."},{"startTime":4386.866,"endTime":4388.033,"body":"Maybe you want to make a perfect"},{"startTime":4388.033,"endTime":4389.133,"body":"chocolate cake or bright and"},{"startTime":4389.133,"endTime":4391.033,"body":"chewy lemon bars with Caraway."},{"startTime":4391.699,"endTime":4393.666,"body":"Do you want some of that right now?"},{"startTime":4393.666,"endTime":4396.466,"body":"I mean, yeah, but we'll hold up."},{"startTime":4396.466,"endTime":4397.566,"body":"Like why are we talking about that?"},{"startTime":4397.966,"endTime":4400.433,"body":"Suddenly with Caraway, all of this"},{"startTime":4400.433,"endTime":4402.066,"body":"deliciousness from roasting to baking"},{"startTime":4402.066,"endTime":4403.399,"body":"from a quick omelet cooked on the"},{"startTime":4403.399,"endTime":4404.633,"body":"stovetop to a long simmered"},{"startTime":4404.633,"endTime":4406.233,"body":"soup is easy to accomplish."},{"startTime":4406.866,"endTime":4408.166,"body":"Caraway's cookware and bakeware is"},{"startTime":4408.166,"endTime":4408.966,"body":"functional, beautiful,"},{"startTime":4409.3,"endTime":4410.466,"body":"non-toxic and easy to clean."},{"startTime":4410.866,"endTime":4411.566,"body":"What more could you want?"},{"startTime":4412.366,"endTime":4413.833,"body":"Modern life is full of hazards, not least"},{"startTime":4413.833,"endTime":4414.733,"body":"the nonstick coatings"},{"startTime":4414.733,"endTime":4415.899,"body":"on cookware and bakeware."},{"startTime":4416.066,"endTime":4417.733,"body":"We threw out all our Teflon cookware"},{"startTime":4417.733,"endTime":4419.699,"body":"decades ago because Teflon's toxic."},{"startTime":4420.366,"endTime":4421.933,"body":"And yet over 70% of cookware in the"},{"startTime":4421.933,"endTime":4423.966,"body":"United States is made with Teflon and 97%"},{"startTime":4424.333,"endTime":4425.833,"body":"of Americans have toxic chemicals from"},{"startTime":4425.833,"endTime":4427.133,"body":"nonstick cookware in their blood."},{"startTime":4427.633,"endTime":4429.266,"body":"When you cook with Teflon, it only takes"},{"startTime":4429.266,"endTime":4430.533,"body":"two and a half minutes for a pan to get"},{"startTime":4430.533,"endTime":4431.933,"body":"hot enough to start releasing toxins."},{"startTime":4432.5,"endTime":4433.466,"body":"And when was the last time you cooked"},{"startTime":4433.466,"endTime":4434.433,"body":"with a pan and used it for"},{"startTime":4434.433,"endTime":4435.399,"body":"less than two and a half minutes?"},{"startTime":4436.166,"endTime":4436.933,"body":"Enter Caraway."},{"startTime":4437.266,"endTime":4438.966,"body":"Caraway kitchenware is crafted with"},{"startTime":4438.966,"endTime":4441.333,"body":"sustainable non-toxic materials like FSC"},{"startTime":4441.333,"endTime":4443.233,"body":"certified birchwood, premium stainless"},{"startTime":4443.233,"endTime":4445.399,"body":"steel, enameled cast iron and naturally"},{"startTime":4445.399,"endTime":4446.466,"body":"slick ceramic to help you"},{"startTime":4446.466,"endTime":4448.3,"body":"create a safer, healthier home."},{"startTime":4449.233,"endTime":4451.033,"body":"Caraway makes several lines of non-toxic"},{"startTime":4451.033,"endTime":4451.833,"body":"cookware and bakeware."},{"startTime":4452.1,"endTime":4453.566,"body":"Our favorites are their stainless steel"},{"startTime":4453.566,"endTime":4455.033,"body":"line and their enameled cast iron."},{"startTime":4455.6,"endTime":4457.166,"body":"All of Caraway's products are free from"},{"startTime":4457.166,"endTime":4458.633,"body":"forever chemicals and their enameled cast"},{"startTime":4458.633,"endTime":4459.533,"body":"iron is offered in six"},{"startTime":4459.533,"endTime":4460.733,"body":"stylish and beautiful colors."},{"startTime":4461.366,"endTime":4462.866,"body":"These pots are strong and highly scratch"},{"startTime":4462.866,"endTime":4464.199,"body":"resistant, the last generations."},{"startTime":4464.933,"endTime":4466.633,"body":"And Caraway also offers butcher blocks to"},{"startTime":4466.633,"endTime":4468.366,"body":"cut on, glass slits for non-toxic cooking"},{"startTime":4468.366,"endTime":4470.333,"body":"with a view, and a new bar set, which is"},{"startTime":4470.333,"endTime":4470.966,"body":"crafted from breast"},{"startTime":4470.966,"endTime":4472.733,"body":"resistant 304 stainless steel."},{"startTime":4473.266,"endTime":4473.933,"body":"We're cooking with"},{"startTime":4473.933,"endTime":4475.399,"body":"Caraway and now Zach is too."},{"startTime":4475.833,"endTime":4477.966,"body":"Zach, our oldest son, who is in his first"},{"startTime":4477.966,"endTime":4479.666,"body":"college apartment, he says it's amazing,"},{"startTime":4479.666,"endTime":4481.1,"body":"which we know to be true and we know that"},{"startTime":4481.1,"endTime":4481.866,"body":"he will be cooking with"},{"startTime":4481.866,"endTime":4483.066,"body":"it for a long time to come."},{"startTime":4483.933,"endTime":4484.933,"body":"Caraway's cookware set is"},{"startTime":4484.933,"endTime":4485.899,"body":"a favorite for a reason."},{"startTime":4486.166,"endTime":4488.5,"body":"It can save you up to $190 as opposed to"},{"startTime":4488.5,"endTime":4489.633,"body":"buying the items individually."},{"startTime":4490.166,"endTime":4492.333,"body":"Plus, if you visit carawayhome.com slash"},{"startTime":4492.333,"endTime":4494.266,"body":"dh10, you can take an"},{"startTime":4494.266,"endTime":4495.866,"body":"additional 10% off your next purchase."},{"startTime":4496.066,"endTime":4497.766,"body":"This deal is exclusive for our listeners."},{"startTime":4497.966,"endTime":4501.466,"body":"So visit carawayhome.com slash dh10 or"},{"startTime":4501.466,"endTime":4504.233,"body":"use code DH10 at checkout, Caraway"},{"startTime":4504.233,"endTime":4506.566,"body":"non-toxic kitchenware made modern."},{"startTime":4508.033,"endTime":4508.233,"body":"Fantastic."},{"startTime":4508.866,"endTime":4509.766,"body":"It is fantastic."},{"startTime":4510.066,"endTime":4510.666,"body":"It is fantastic."},{"startTime":4512.633,"endTime":4513.666,"body":"Something's not fantastic."},{"startTime":4514.133,"endTime":4515.0,"body":"Oh, I know a few things."},{"startTime":4515.333,"endTime":4515.533,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4516.133,"endTime":4519.533,"body":"One of them is a company that I learned"},{"startTime":4519.533,"endTime":4522.333,"body":"about during our Q\u0026A this last weekend."},{"startTime":4522.566,"endTime":4523.5,"body":"You'd already heard of it."},{"startTime":4523.533,"endTime":4527.266,"body":"But the question who came from the man"},{"startTime":4527.266,"endTime":4529.566,"body":"who presents himself as Gnome Inkfeather"},{"startTime":4530.566,"endTime":4532.966,"body":"was about the company Reflect Orbital."},{"startTime":4535.866,"endTime":4536.199,"body":"Mr."},{"startTime":4536.199,"endTime":4539.533,"body":"Inkfeather, to use his pseudonym, says of"},{"startTime":4539.533,"endTime":4540.966,"body":"them, and this turns out to be true."},{"startTime":4540.966,"endTime":4541.366,"body":"So I'm just going to"},{"startTime":4541.366,"endTime":4542.166,"body":"use his language here."},{"startTime":4542.566,"endTime":4544.433,"body":"Does they plan to put 18 meter mirrors in"},{"startTime":4544.433,"endTime":4546.366,"body":"space to reflect sunlight down onto the"},{"startTime":4546.366,"endTime":4547.166,"body":"night sides of Earth"},{"startTime":4547.166,"endTime":4548.666,"body":"at will or on demand?"},{"startTime":4549.266,"endTime":4550.433,"body":"Not only do they plan to pollute the"},{"startTime":4550.433,"endTime":4551.433,"body":"night sky with daylight, but"},{"startTime":4551.433,"endTime":4552.399,"body":"also use it for advertising."},{"startTime":4552.866,"endTime":4554.833,"body":"I imagine military applications as well."},{"startTime":4555.933,"endTime":4557.233,"body":"And he goes on."},{"startTime":4558.833,"endTime":4559.533,"body":"I'd never heard of them."},{"startTime":4559.833,"endTime":4561.766,"body":"I thought, sure, this is a joke."},{"startTime":4562.033,"endTime":4562.666,"body":"Maybe it's an early"},{"startTime":4562.666,"endTime":4564.333,"body":"April Fool's Day thing."},{"startTime":4564.966,"endTime":4566.633,"body":"Well, turns out, no."},{"startTime":4566.633,"endTime":4567.666,"body":"So let's just walk through a little bit"},{"startTime":4567.666,"endTime":4569.8,"body":"of their site and see what it is that"},{"startTime":4569.8,"endTime":4572.366,"body":"these people are planning."},{"startTime":4573.033,"endTime":4573.833,"body":"Can you see my screen?"},{"startTime":4574.233,"endTime":4574.466,"body":"Awesome."},{"startTime":4575.166,"endTime":4575.399,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":4575.399,"endTime":4577.033,"body":"So this is the home"},{"startTime":4577.033,"endTime":4578.566,"body":"page of Reflect Orbital."},{"startTime":4579.633,"endTime":4581.733,"body":"Sunlight after dark being their tagline."},{"startTime":4581.833,"endTime":4583.033,"body":"Let's just go through a"},{"startTime":4583.033,"endTime":4583.933,"body":"little bit of what they've got."},{"startTime":4584.3,"endTime":4585.766,"body":"Reflect Orbital delivers a spot of"},{"startTime":4585.766,"endTime":4587.733,"body":"sunlight on demand with a constellation"},{"startTime":4587.733,"endTime":4589.399,"body":"of in-space mirrors."},{"startTime":4590.466,"endTime":4591.166,"body":"Precise area."},{"startTime":4591.366,"endTime":4593.066,"body":"They claim five kilometer diameter and"},{"startTime":4593.066,"endTime":4594.266,"body":"up, highly localized."},{"startTime":4595.1,"endTime":4596.966,"body":"Configurable, in which you can adjust the"},{"startTime":4596.966,"endTime":4597.966,"body":"intensity and location."},{"startTime":4598.633,"endTime":4600.333,"body":"On demand, order sunlight instantly and"},{"startTime":4600.333,"endTime":4601.033,"body":"approve locations"},{"startTime":4601.033,"endTime":4601.966,"body":"without new infrastructure."},{"startTime":4601.966,"endTime":4606.699,"body":"Now, before you say, wait, now it's"},{"startTime":4606.699,"endTime":4607.933,"body":"already happening, it is not already"},{"startTime":4607.933,"endTime":4610.066,"body":"happening, but they've got two satellites"},{"startTime":4610.066,"endTime":4613.233,"body":"either up now or scheduled to be up and"},{"startTime":4613.233,"endTime":4616.1,"body":"start doing, start doing, not"},{"startTime":4616.1,"endTime":4618.033,"body":"dramatizations, but testing."},{"startTime":4619.699,"endTime":4620.833,"body":"More than testing, actually."},{"startTime":4622.0,"endTime":4622.766,"body":"Demonstrating to"},{"startTime":4622.766,"endTime":4624.266,"body":"potential clients this year."},{"startTime":4624.766,"endTime":4625.333,"body":"And we'll get to the"},{"startTime":4625.333,"endTime":4627.3,"body":"schedule they've got here soon."},{"startTime":4628.1,"endTime":4629.1,"body":"Precise and uniform,"},{"startTime":4629.466,"endTime":4631.166,"body":"dynamic, no grand infrastructure."},{"startTime":4631.8,"endTime":4633.466,"body":"Yeah, easy setup and onboarding, they"},{"startTime":4633.466,"endTime":4635.033,"body":"say, for the client who calls up and"},{"startTime":4635.033,"endTime":4635.733,"body":"says, \"Yeah, I'd like some..."},{"startTime":4636.033,"endTime":4637.899,"body":"It's 11 p.m. here and it's kind of dark."},{"startTime":4637.933,"endTime":4638.899,"body":"Can I get some sun?\""},{"startTime":4639.433,"endTime":4641.566,"body":"The setup basically involves you put out"},{"startTime":4641.566,"endTime":4644.466,"body":"the shades, lounges, grab some ice tea."},{"startTime":4644.899,"endTime":4645.1,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4645.333,"endTime":4646.233,"body":"What's possible with a"},{"startTime":4646.233,"endTime":4647.433,"body":"spot of sunlight, they say?"},{"startTime":4648.199,"endTime":4650.333,"body":"Energy, expand solar potential, making"},{"startTime":4650.333,"endTime":4651.6,"body":"clean power dispatchable and"},{"startTime":4651.6,"endTime":4652.633,"body":"available when you need it."},{"startTime":4652.933,"endTime":4656.033,"body":"Now, if you dig into their actual claims"},{"startTime":4656.033,"endTime":4657.766,"body":"about how much solar they're going to be"},{"startTime":4657.766,"endTime":4660.033,"body":"able to generate, it's quite low."},{"startTime":4660.033,"endTime":4660.966,"body":"So I'm surprised that they're"},{"startTime":4660.966,"endTime":4662.466,"body":"highlighting that because even they know"},{"startTime":4662.466,"endTime":4664.666,"body":"that that's not the main thing that"},{"startTime":4664.666,"endTime":4666.366,"body":"they're actually trying to do."},{"startTime":4666.399,"endTime":4668.433,"body":"What they're really trying to do is light"},{"startTime":4668.433,"endTime":4670.166,"body":"up everyone, light up the earth."},{"startTime":4671.366,"endTime":4672.933,"body":"Response, illuminate disaster zones and"},{"startTime":4672.933,"endTime":4673.833,"body":"search and rescue missions."},{"startTime":4674.199,"endTime":4675.0,"body":"That sounds admirable."},{"startTime":4675.699,"endTime":4677.466,"body":"That's a use case that sounds admirable."},{"startTime":4678.266,"endTime":4679.566,"body":"Industrial, extend working hours, improve"},{"startTime":4679.566,"endTime":4681.033,"body":"safety, light remote sites."},{"startTime":4681.533,"endTime":4683.433,"body":"And agriculture, tailor growth cycles,"},{"startTime":4683.433,"endTime":4685.0,"body":"extend seasons, boost yields."},{"startTime":4685.533,"endTime":4686.166,"body":"Confuse birds."},{"startTime":4687.033,"endTime":4688.233,"body":"Confuse everyone."},{"startTime":4688.833,"endTime":4690.466,"body":"The big picture, sunlight is the most"},{"startTime":4690.466,"endTime":4691.5,"body":"valuable and powerful"},{"startTime":4691.5,"endTime":4692.699,"body":"resource in the solar system."},{"startTime":4693.199,"endTime":4695.666,"body":"About 2.2 billion times more sunlight"},{"startTime":4695.666,"endTime":4697.933,"body":"misses the earth than hits it, which"},{"startTime":4697.933,"endTime":4699.433,"body":"means humanity can only use a small"},{"startTime":4699.433,"endTime":4700.633,"body":"fraction of our sun's power."},{"startTime":4701.666,"endTime":4703.066,"body":"And our constellation intercepts the"},{"startTime":4703.066,"endTime":4705.333,"body":"solar energy, that being reflect orbitals"},{"startTime":4705.333,"endTime":4706.733,"body":"constellation, intercepts the solar"},{"startTime":4706.733,"endTime":4707.733,"body":"energy that misses us and"},{"startTime":4707.733,"endTime":4709.199,"body":"enables humanity to use it."},{"startTime":4709.199,"endTime":4711.466,"body":"I'm surprised that number is that low"},{"startTime":4711.466,"endTime":4713.066,"body":"given that 2.2 billion is"},{"startTime":4713.066,"endTime":4715.166,"body":"radiating in all directions."},{"startTime":4715.466,"endTime":4715.6,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4715.6,"endTime":4716.633,"body":"The earth isn't close to it."},{"startTime":4716.633,"endTime":4718.466,"body":"And it's, I feel like they just picked an"},{"startTime":4718.466,"endTime":4719.866,"body":"upper with a bunch of zeros out of a hat."},{"startTime":4720.266,"endTime":4721.133,"body":"Let's go with this one."},{"startTime":4721.133,"endTime":4721.833,"body":"It sounds plausible."},{"startTime":4722.566,"endTime":4723.133,"body":"I agree."},{"startTime":4723.133,"endTime":4723.933,"body":"It seems too low."},{"startTime":4724.333,"endTime":4724.533,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":4724.533,"endTime":4725.1,"body":"So check this is"},{"startTime":4725.1,"endTime":4726.166,"body":"their, this is their plan."},{"startTime":4726.466,"endTime":4728.033,"body":"Our constellation of markets expand over"},{"startTime":4728.033,"endTime":4728.633,"body":"time in which"},{"startTime":4728.633,"endTime":4731.0,"body":"constellation is their satellites."},{"startTime":4731.766,"endTime":4735.666,"body":"They had 2026 to 2027, 36 in 2028."},{"startTime":4735.666,"endTime":4737.333,"body":"They're hoping for over a thousand by"},{"startTime":4737.333,"endTime":4739.766,"body":"2030, over 5,000 by 2035,"},{"startTime":4739.766,"endTime":4743.666,"body":"over 50,000 of their satellites."},{"startTime":4744.233,"endTime":4747.3,"body":"Space mirrors going around, going around"},{"startTime":4747.3,"endTime":4749.533,"body":"the earth, allowing people on earth to"},{"startTime":4749.533,"endTime":4751.466,"body":"call them up and say, Hey, I'd like a"},{"startTime":4751.466,"endTime":4752.433,"body":"spot of sunlight here."},{"startTime":4752.433,"endTime":4753.5,"body":"It's just about that time."},{"startTime":4754.066,"endTime":4757.033,"body":"So let's see what happens when under"},{"startTime":4757.033,"endTime":4759.699,"body":"light, when, when you click on light"},{"startTime":4759.699,"endTime":4761.699,"body":"here, light without limits, because of"},{"startTime":4761.699,"endTime":4763.166,"body":"course, imagining that"},{"startTime":4763.166,"endTime":4765.233,"body":"we have limits is so what?"},{"startTime":4765.666,"endTime":4767.866,"body":"Yesterday, 20th century, human,"},{"startTime":4768.366,"endTime":4773.133,"body":"realistic, light without"},{"startTime":4773.133,"endTime":4775.733,"body":"limits, they say light is evolving."},{"startTime":4776.3,"endTime":4777.1,"body":"Interesting claim."},{"startTime":4777.666,"endTime":4778.233,"body":"Interesting claim."},{"startTime":4778.666,"endTime":4780.533,"body":"Smarter, more sustainable, endlessly"},{"startTime":4780.533,"endTime":4782.199,"body":"accessible, reflect orbital delivers"},{"startTime":4782.199,"endTime":4783.399,"body":"large area lighting"},{"startTime":4783.399,"endTime":4785.333,"body":"after dark for any use case."},{"startTime":4785.333,"endTime":4785.5,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4785.5,"endTime":4785.699,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4785.866,"endTime":4786.733,"body":"Light is evolving."},{"startTime":4787.366,"endTime":4789.433,"body":"Lighting is evolving."},{"startTime":4789.433,"endTime":4790.233,"body":"Could make that"},{"startTime":4790.233,"endTime":4791.133,"body":"right."},{"startTime":4791.366,"endTime":4791.733,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":4791.733,"endTime":4792.766,"body":"So they're, you know, they do."},{"startTime":4792.766,"endTime":4793.5,"body":"Oh wait, civilization."},{"startTime":4793.733,"endTime":4794.533,"body":"They've also got civilization."},{"startTime":4794.766,"endTime":4796.366,"body":"What's possible is spot of light, replace"},{"startTime":4796.366,"endTime":4797.433,"body":"streetlights, reduce light"},{"startTime":4797.433,"endTime":4798.833,"body":"pollution, enhance urban life."},{"startTime":4798.833,"endTime":4799.033,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4799.6,"endTime":4801.699,"body":"Enhance urban life because that's, that's"},{"startTime":4801.699,"endTime":4804.466,"body":"what cities need is to have every moment"},{"startTime":4804.466,"endTime":4805.6,"body":"feel exactly the same."},{"startTime":4805.766,"endTime":4806.033,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4806.333,"endTime":4806.533,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":4806.966,"endTime":4808.766,"body":"I'm going to invest in companies that"},{"startTime":4808.766,"endTime":4811.0,"body":"make eye masks if that happens."},{"startTime":4811.466,"endTime":4813.199,"body":"Got it."},{"startTime":4813.866,"endTime":4814.166,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":4814.166,"endTime":4815.733,"body":"So they just continue with"},{"startTime":4815.733,"endTime":4816.933,"body":"the same kinds of claims."},{"startTime":4817.5,"endTime":4819.3,"body":"We're launching the future of sunlight."},{"startTime":4819.3,"endTime":4820.766,"body":"I just like the, you know, the number of"},{"startTime":4820.766,"endTime":4822.933,"body":"crazy like taglines in here."},{"startTime":4823.266,"endTime":4823.966,"body":"Hubris is incredible."},{"startTime":4824.433,"endTime":4824.866,"body":"Really remarkable."},{"startTime":4825.766,"endTime":4827.733,"body":"And then we're going to go to their"},{"startTime":4827.733,"endTime":4832.6,"body":"facts, which is maybe the most damning"},{"startTime":4832.6,"endTime":4833.466,"body":"part of the whole site."},{"startTime":4834.0,"endTime":4835.5,"body":"And, you know, I also read some of the,"},{"startTime":4835.5,"endTime":4837.466,"body":"some of the press on these guys, you"},{"startTime":4837.466,"endTime":4838.833,"body":"know, it's a couple of, a couple of young"},{"startTime":4838.833,"endTime":4840.633,"body":"guys with some mechies, some mechanical"},{"startTime":4840.633,"endTime":4845.566,"body":"engineering background, who, who saw a"},{"startTime":4845.566,"endTime":4846.933,"body":"need apparently saw"},{"startTime":4846.933,"endTime":4847.933,"body":"an opportunity in our."},{"startTime":4847.933,"endTime":4849.633,"body":"Slucky young sociopaths."},{"startTime":4849.633,"endTime":4850.966,"body":"You know, I,"},{"startTime":4851.399,"endTime":4852.633,"body":"I'll go there."},{"startTime":4853.8,"endTime":4854.0,"body":"Fine."},{"startTime":4854.233,"endTime":4857.5,"body":"I don't, I don't, I think actually the"},{"startTime":4857.5,"endTime":4859.133,"body":"problem, I think it's worse than that"},{"startTime":4859.133,"endTime":4862.333,"body":"because I don't think the techno hubris,"},{"startTime":4862.333,"endTime":4865.166,"body":"the techno, tech, techn optimism, the"},{"startTime":4865.166,"endTime":4869.199,"body":"tech, tech optimism, the techno optimism"},{"startTime":4869.199,"endTime":4871.866,"body":"that we see behind so many of the really"},{"startTime":4871.866,"endTime":4876.399,"body":"egregious errors of this age, mostly"},{"startTime":4876.399,"endTime":4878.733,"body":"can't be attributed to sociopathy."},{"startTime":4878.733,"endTime":4880.6,"body":"It's attributed simply to hubris, which"},{"startTime":4880.6,"endTime":4881.933,"body":"is a much more common."},{"startTime":4882.833,"endTime":4884.5,"body":"And, you know, both sociopathy and hubris"},{"startTime":4884.5,"endTime":4887.933,"body":"are, are, are human, but it's worrying"},{"startTime":4887.933,"endTime":4889.533,"body":"that, you know, I think it's attributable"},{"startTime":4889.533,"endTime":4892.133,"body":"to a very common problem, which is I"},{"startTime":4892.133,"endTime":4893.733,"body":"don't know anything about evolution, but"},{"startTime":4893.733,"endTime":4894.433,"body":"like, I don't know anything about"},{"startTime":4894.433,"endTime":4895.366,"body":"biology, anything about evolution."},{"startTime":4896.033,"endTime":4897.899,"body":"I think that we live in a clockwork"},{"startTime":4897.899,"endTime":4899.633,"body":"universe, a machine-like universe in"},{"startTime":4899.633,"endTime":4901.433,"body":"which all the things are like machines"},{"startTime":4901.433,"endTime":4903.566,"body":"that I do know how to deal with."},{"startTime":4904.233,"endTime":4906.633,"body":"And therefore, all I have to do is"},{"startTime":4906.633,"endTime":4909.066,"body":"switch, you know, switch a few things and"},{"startTime":4909.066,"endTime":4910.933,"body":"voila, I will have solved a problem."},{"startTime":4911.566,"endTime":4912.766,"body":"So, you know, maybe"},{"startTime":4912.766,"endTime":4914.933,"body":"sociopaths, but it's not required here."},{"startTime":4915.066,"endTime":4916.966,"body":"Well, I don't think it's required, but I"},{"startTime":4916.966,"endTime":4919.433,"body":"do think that it falls out of the game"},{"startTime":4919.433,"endTime":4921.366,"body":"theory pretty naturally, because if you"},{"startTime":4921.366,"endTime":4923.766,"body":"imagine this is not an"},{"startTime":4923.766,"endTime":4926.399,"body":"inobvious idea, the idea that"},{"startTime":4926.399,"endTime":4927.233,"body":"it was actually"},{"startTime":4927.233,"endTime":4928.8,"body":"proposed in the 70s first."},{"startTime":4929.233,"endTime":4929.833,"body":"So there you have it."},{"startTime":4929.833,"endTime":4930.466,"body":"If I had that right."},{"startTime":4930.466,"endTime":4931.233,"body":"The point is,"},{"startTime":4932.633,"endTime":4936.033,"body":"who do you expect to find deploying this?"},{"startTime":4937.233,"endTime":4939.433,"body":"You expect to find people who find"},{"startTime":4939.433,"endTime":4941.533,"body":"nothing objectionable about it."},{"startTime":4941.533,"endTime":4944.133,"body":"In other words, game theoretically, this"},{"startTime":4944.133,"endTime":4947.8,"body":"is a tragedy of the commons, where if,"},{"startTime":4947.8,"endTime":4951.8,"body":"you know, 50 modern folks or companies"},{"startTime":4951.8,"endTime":4954.266,"body":"have thought about this idea and rejected"},{"startTime":4954.266,"endTime":4956.766,"body":"it because of the implications, you"},{"startTime":4956.766,"endTime":4958.366,"body":"expect to find the company that didn't"},{"startTime":4958.366,"endTime":4960.666,"body":"reject it is most likely to be driven by"},{"startTime":4960.666,"endTime":4964.6,"body":"people who have some some defect that"},{"startTime":4964.6,"endTime":4965.933,"body":"results in them not seeing."},{"startTime":4965.933,"endTime":4967.333,"body":"No, but there's an assumption built into"},{"startTime":4967.333,"endTime":4968.966,"body":"what you just said, which I don't think"},{"startTime":4968.966,"endTime":4971.333,"body":"is right, what you said was, if 50"},{"startTime":4971.333,"endTime":4972.966,"body":"companies have considered this idea and"},{"startTime":4972.966,"endTime":4974.666,"body":"rejected it because of the implications,"},{"startTime":4975.666,"endTime":4978.066,"body":"and what I believe I've gleaned from"},{"startTime":4978.066,"endTime":4980.766,"body":"going through some of their some of what"},{"startTime":4980.766,"endTime":4982.333,"body":"they've got online and some of what the"},{"startTime":4982.333,"endTime":4985.533,"body":"media has written up about them is that"},{"startTime":4985.533,"endTime":4987.233,"body":"this is only now"},{"startTime":4987.233,"endTime":4988.366,"body":"technologically feasible."},{"startTime":4988.833,"endTime":4990.8,"body":"So to the to the degree that this has"},{"startTime":4990.8,"endTime":4991.933,"body":"been considered before,"},{"startTime":4991.933,"endTime":4993.166,"body":"it has not been possible."},{"startTime":4993.466,"endTime":4994.166,"body":"No, no, I know that."},{"startTime":4994.5,"endTime":4995.433,"body":"But I'm"},{"startTime":4995.433,"endTime":4998.366,"body":"so it's not it's so it's not a lot of"},{"startTime":4998.366,"endTime":4999.733,"body":"other companies rejected it."},{"startTime":5000.166,"endTime":5001.733,"body":"And that demonstrates that, you know,"},{"startTime":5001.733,"endTime":5003.433,"body":"they weren't sociopaths."},{"startTime":5003.433,"endTime":5007.766,"body":"I was imagining 50 companies in modern"},{"startTime":5007.766,"endTime":5010.133,"body":"times when it has become possible, right?"},{"startTime":5010.633,"endTime":5011.533,"body":"Let's say post."},{"startTime":5011.533,"endTime":5013.033,"body":"I don't see evidence of that."},{"startTime":5013.033,"endTime":5015.566,"body":"But maybe post Starlink."},{"startTime":5015.8,"endTime":5016.0,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":5016.366,"endTime":5019.333,"body":"Post Starlink, where we now know that it"},{"startTime":5019.333,"endTime":5021.633,"body":"is possible for a corporate entity to"},{"startTime":5021.633,"endTime":5024.399,"body":"deploy to deploy an array of globe"},{"startTime":5024.399,"endTime":5025.633,"body":"covering satellites."},{"startTime":5025.866,"endTime":5026.633,"body":"I mean, I think maybe"},{"startTime":5026.633,"endTime":5027.766,"body":"that's the second of them."},{"startTime":5027.766,"endTime":5031.899,"body":"There was a failed project to deliver."},{"startTime":5032.633,"endTime":5033.766,"body":"I think it was GPS."},{"startTime":5034.966,"endTime":5035.733,"body":"What was its name?"},{"startTime":5036.466,"endTime":5037.1,"body":"I can't remember."},{"startTime":5037.966,"endTime":5038.166,"body":"Ethereum."},{"startTime":5038.633,"endTime":5040.233,"body":"It can't be because that's currency."},{"startTime":5040.466,"endTime":5041.233,"body":"But yes, but something"},{"startTime":5041.233,"endTime":5042.666,"body":"along those lines was deployed."},{"startTime":5043.033,"endTime":5044.933,"body":"It failed for economic reasons."},{"startTime":5045.466,"endTime":5049.033,"body":"And the satellites were either repurposed"},{"startTime":5049.033,"endTime":5050.6,"body":"or had to be pulled down."},{"startTime":5050.966,"endTime":5053.333,"body":"But but anyway, the point is we now know"},{"startTime":5053.333,"endTime":5055.733,"body":"we've got a successful entity that has"},{"startTime":5055.733,"endTime":5058.566,"body":"deployed a, you know, a net of"},{"startTime":5058.566,"endTime":5060.399,"body":"satellites, globe covering."},{"startTime":5060.899,"endTime":5062.066,"body":"And so the point is, well, what else"},{"startTime":5062.066,"endTime":5064.1,"body":"could you do if that technology is now in"},{"startTime":5064.466,"endTime":5065.866,"body":"the range of a corporate power?"},{"startTime":5066.566,"endTime":5068.966,"body":"And so I'm imagining a lot of people have"},{"startTime":5068.966,"endTime":5070.166,"body":"run through this idea"},{"startTime":5070.166,"endTime":5070.966,"body":"because it's obvious."},{"startTime":5072.266,"endTime":5075.666,"body":"And many of them have rejected it for"},{"startTime":5075.666,"endTime":5078.033,"body":"business reasons, the risk here of the"},{"startTime":5078.033,"endTime":5081.133,"body":"investment it takes to initiate such a"},{"startTime":5081.133,"endTime":5082.833,"body":"project and the likelihood that it fails."},{"startTime":5083.066,"endTime":5083.266,"body":"I mean,"},{"startTime":5084.466,"endTime":5087.966,"body":"well, I guess my objection to you"},{"startTime":5087.966,"endTime":5092.6,"body":"deciding, because you and I can see so"},{"startTime":5092.6,"endTime":5095.533,"body":"many obvious reasons not to do this, and"},{"startTime":5095.533,"endTime":5097.766,"body":"to do everything we"},{"startTime":5097.766,"endTime":5099.666,"body":"can to get in the way of"},{"startTime":5101.3,"endTime":5102.466,"body":"anyone's ability to cause"},{"startTime":5102.466,"endTime":5103.533,"body":"us to lose our night sky."},{"startTime":5103.533,"endTime":5104.833,"body":"I mean, we write about this in"},{"startTime":5104.833,"endTime":5105.866,"body":"Undergather's Guide, right?"},{"startTime":5105.866,"endTime":5109.033,"body":"Like it is it is it is one of the"},{"startTime":5109.033,"endTime":5110.466,"body":"fundamental things about living on the"},{"startTime":5110.466,"endTime":5112.433,"body":"planet that we do that we have night and"},{"startTime":5112.433,"endTime":5115.133,"body":"we have no idea what all that means for"},{"startTime":5115.133,"endTime":5117.6,"body":"who we are and how we are and how we make"},{"startTime":5117.6,"endTime":5118.366,"body":"meaning in the world."},{"startTime":5119.266,"endTime":5122.966,"body":"But I don't, I just don't, it's not at"},{"startTime":5122.966,"endTime":5125.966,"body":"all clear to me that what is clear to us"},{"startTime":5125.966,"endTime":5128.466,"body":"about the value, much of which is"},{"startTime":5128.466,"endTime":5131.666,"body":"implicit in having darkness and having a"},{"startTime":5131.666,"endTime":5134.966,"body":"night sky, in having things that cannot"},{"startTime":5134.966,"endTime":5135.933,"body":"be technologically"},{"startTime":5135.933,"endTime":5139.866,"body":"lightened, is obvious to most people."},{"startTime":5140.433,"endTime":5142.766,"body":"And those things that aren't obvious to"},{"startTime":5142.766,"endTime":5144.366,"body":"the techno-optimists,"},{"startTime":5145.466,"endTime":5146.966,"body":"just because it's not obvious to them"},{"startTime":5146.966,"endTime":5148.633,"body":"doesn't make them sociopaths."},{"startTime":5148.633,"endTime":5150.433,"body":"In fact, if it were obvious to them and"},{"startTime":5150.433,"endTime":5151.366,"body":"they were ignoring it,"},{"startTime":5151.366,"endTime":5152.633,"body":"that's evidence of sociology."},{"startTime":5153.166,"endTime":5157.399,"body":"Okay, so you've just won the argument and"},{"startTime":5157.399,"endTime":5158.366,"body":"then I'm going to take"},{"startTime":5158.366,"endTime":5159.133,"body":"it back for a minute."},{"startTime":5159.466,"endTime":5163.3,"body":"You're right, there's a path there from a"},{"startTime":5163.3,"endTime":5165.933,"body":"myopia rather than a moral dysfunction."},{"startTime":5166.433,"endTime":5166.633,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":5168.0,"endTime":5168.966,"body":"But these people are going"},{"startTime":5168.966,"endTime":5169.966,"body":"to use it for advertising."},{"startTime":5170.333,"endTime":5170.733,"body":"They're monsters."},{"startTime":5171.0,"endTime":5172.899,"body":"Well, I don't actually see that on here."},{"startTime":5173.399,"endTime":5175.333,"body":"You don't. I don't, I don't, I don't,"},{"startTime":5175.333,"endTime":5176.666,"body":"but I, and I'm not saying."},{"startTime":5176.966,"endTime":5178.5,"body":"All right, then I will back my argument"},{"startTime":5178.5,"endTime":5181.333,"body":"on off and off and I will say, if they're"},{"startTime":5181.333,"endTime":5182.566,"body":"going to advertise with"},{"startTime":5182.566,"endTime":5184.133,"body":"this, they are monsters."},{"startTime":5184.466,"endTime":5184.699,"body":"Fair enough."},{"startTime":5184.933,"endTime":5185.166,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5185.166,"endTime":5185.766,"body":"And clearly so."},{"startTime":5186.166,"endTime":5186.366,"body":"Yep."},{"startTime":5186.666,"endTime":5188.0,"body":"I will, I will grant that."},{"startTime":5188.0,"endTime":5189.6,"body":"But let's look at, I'm"},{"startTime":5189.6,"endTime":5190.266,"body":"not saying they're not."},{"startTime":5190.266,"endTime":5191.0,"body":"I just, I just."},{"startTime":5191.0,"endTime":5191.199,"body":"Yep."},{"startTime":5191.366,"endTime":5193.3,"body":"No, I appreciate the caution."},{"startTime":5193.3,"endTime":5194.433,"body":"I think it's the right"},{"startTime":5194.433,"endTime":5195.666,"body":"way to think about things."},{"startTime":5195.666,"endTime":5196.566,"body":"I would say, you know,"},{"startTime":5196.566,"endTime":5197.5,"body":"I was being flippant."},{"startTime":5198.199,"endTime":5200.966,"body":"De facto sociopaths would be expected to,"},{"startTime":5200.966,"endTime":5202.666,"body":"you know, people who can rationalize."},{"startTime":5202.666,"endTime":5203.1,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":5203.1,"endTime":5205.266,"body":"But I'm guessing, I think, you know, one"},{"startTime":5205.266,"endTime":5207.633,"body":"of the things, one of the things that we,"},{"startTime":5207.933,"endTime":5210.399,"body":"all of us, hopefully, learned during"},{"startTime":5210.399,"endTime":5214.733,"body":"COVID is how very human, really"},{"startTime":5214.733,"endTime":5217.866,"body":"horrifying mass delusions are."},{"startTime":5218.133,"endTime":5218.333,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":5219.1,"endTime":5221.366,"body":"And so much, some of it, you know, we, we"},{"startTime":5221.366,"endTime":5224.6,"body":"talked a lot about fear driving people"},{"startTime":5224.6,"endTime":5227.333,"body":"and certainty we've talked a lot about,"},{"startTime":5227.333,"endTime":5230.166,"body":"but hubris, which is, I guess, hubris and"},{"startTime":5230.166,"endTime":5231.366,"body":"certainty are related to one another."},{"startTime":5231.566,"endTime":5233.833,"body":"Fear and hubris are quite different."},{"startTime":5235.199,"endTime":5238.133,"body":"And they, and the techno optimists, the,"},{"startTime":5238.133,"endTime":5240.966,"body":"you know, the so-called rationalists and"},{"startTime":5240.966,"endTime":5242.333,"body":"the Silicon Valley bros and the"},{"startTime":5242.333,"endTime":5245.566,"body":"disruptors, they've all got way more"},{"startTime":5245.566,"endTime":5246.5,"body":"hubris than they have"},{"startTime":5246.5,"endTime":5250.533,"body":"since or, or imagination."},{"startTime":5251.333,"endTime":5253.233,"body":"They don't, they're not, it seems,"},{"startTime":5253.5,"endTime":5256.1,"body":"interested in imagining what is actually"},{"startTime":5256.1,"endTime":5257.266,"body":"true outside of the scope"},{"startTime":5257.266,"endTime":5258.333,"body":"of what they already know."},{"startTime":5258.866,"endTime":5260.333,"body":"They are just interested in, you know,"},{"startTime":5260.333,"endTime":5261.733,"body":"moving fast and breaking things."},{"startTime":5262.033,"endTime":5264.033,"body":"That's whichever one was at Zuckerberg."},{"startTime":5264.266,"endTime":5265.533,"body":"And I remember who said that, but,"},{"startTime":5265.533,"endTime":5268.233,"body":"uh, no, that's going to be Musk, I think."},{"startTime":5268.633,"endTime":5269.733,"body":"But anyway, it doesn't matter."},{"startTime":5269.766,"endTime":5271.633,"body":"It's, it's, it's the ethos and, you know,"},{"startTime":5272.233,"endTime":5275.933,"body":"there are realms in which that is wise."},{"startTime":5276.366,"endTime":5279.066,"body":"But the point is doing things at scale is"},{"startTime":5279.066,"endTime":5280.5,"body":"not one of those realms, right?"},{"startTime":5280.5,"endTime":5282.533,"body":"If you're trying to innovate something,"},{"startTime":5282.533,"endTime":5284.633,"body":"move fast and break things may very well"},{"startTime":5284.633,"endTime":5287.066,"body":"be the mindset that, you know, gets you"},{"startTime":5287.066,"endTime":5289.3,"body":"to the awesome wealth creating thing."},{"startTime":5290.466,"endTime":5293.433,"body":"But the problem is the very human"},{"startTime":5293.433,"endTime":5297.033,"body":"capacity to an instinct to rationalize"},{"startTime":5297.566,"endTime":5303.433,"body":"and the evergreen fact of intervening in"},{"startTime":5303.433,"endTime":5306.966,"body":"complex systems creates unintended"},{"startTime":5306.966,"endTime":5311.333,"body":"consequences that you can't predict means"},{"startTime":5311.333,"endTime":5313.133,"body":"that the mindset of like,"},{"startTime":5313.133,"endTime":5313.833,"body":"well, why shouldn't they?"},{"startTime":5314.533,"endTime":5314.733,"body":"Right?"},{"startTime":5315.433,"endTime":5317.466,"body":"Obviously, there are use cases in which,"},{"startTime":5317.466,"endTime":5321.533,"body":"you know, if there's a catastrophe and"},{"startTime":5321.533,"endTime":5324.533,"body":"people are under rubble and the rescue"},{"startTime":5324.533,"endTime":5326.466,"body":"workers are trying desperately to get"},{"startTime":5326.466,"endTime":5328.766,"body":"them out, you know, could we imagine"},{"startTime":5328.766,"endTime":5331.166,"body":"collectively that it would be a good idea"},{"startTime":5331.166,"endTime":5333.433,"body":"to bring some light to that situation?"},{"startTime":5334.266,"endTime":5336.633,"body":"Um, you know, sure, there are use cases."},{"startTime":5336.633,"endTime":5338.766,"body":"You can imagine a famine that's"},{"startTime":5338.766,"endTime":5341.166,"body":"threatened by a crop failure that you"},{"startTime":5341.166,"endTime":5344.666,"body":"have a brief frost and that some country"},{"startTime":5344.666,"endTime":5346.766,"body":"is going to have mass starvation if you"},{"startTime":5346.766,"endTime":5347.433,"body":"don't get through the"},{"startTime":5347.433,"endTime":5350.733,"body":"next 72 hours of cold, right?"},{"startTime":5351.066,"endTime":5353.033,"body":"Is that a defensible use case?"},{"startTime":5353.366,"endTime":5353.6,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":5354.133,"endTime":5357.466,"body":"But the point is that's the thin end of"},{"startTime":5357.466,"endTime":5359.733,"body":"the wedge that gets you to something"},{"startTime":5359.733,"endTime":5362.3,"body":"unholy and the unholy thing"},{"startTime":5362.3,"endTime":5364.0,"body":"is a threat to the environment."},{"startTime":5364.0,"endTime":5364.699,"body":"Oh, can you prove it?"},{"startTime":5364.699,"endTime":5365.833,"body":"Do you know exactly what it is?"},{"startTime":5365.833,"endTime":5367.5,"body":"You know, do you have the data?"},{"startTime":5367.5,"endTime":5369.733,"body":"And the answer is no, we're going to find"},{"startTime":5369.733,"endTime":5372.066,"body":"out the ways in which this is a disaster"},{"startTime":5372.066,"endTime":5374.633,"body":"later as the birds don't get to their"},{"startTime":5374.633,"endTime":5376.466,"body":"breeding grounds or, you"},{"startTime":5376.466,"endTime":5378.266,"body":"know, whatever other thing it is."},{"startTime":5378.5,"endTime":5381.133,"body":"And the point is we are constantly"},{"startTime":5381.433,"endTime":5382.866,"body":"playing catch up ball."},{"startTime":5382.866,"endTime":5384.666,"body":"Or the point is you're going to have to"},{"startTime":5384.666,"endTime":5387.033,"body":"create the catastrophe for me to describe"},{"startTime":5387.033,"endTime":5388.966,"body":"it precisely enough to explain why you"},{"startTime":5388.966,"endTime":5389.733,"body":"shouldn't have done that"},{"startTime":5389.733,"endTime":5390.866,"body":"fucking thing in the first place."},{"startTime":5391.233,"endTime":5392.033,"body":"And the point is that we"},{"startTime":5392.033,"endTime":5393.366,"body":"can't run a planet like that."},{"startTime":5393.366,"endTime":5394.366,"body":"The power to do things"},{"startTime":5394.366,"endTime":5396.199,"body":"at this scale now exists."},{"startTime":5396.633,"endTime":5396.833,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":5396.933,"endTime":5397.733,"body":"So, you know,"},{"startTime":5398.066,"endTime":5399.166,"body":"and this I mean, this is going to sound"},{"startTime":5399.166,"endTime":5401.533,"body":"like a tiny little piece of this puzzle,"},{"startTime":5401.533,"endTime":5406.333,"body":"but it certainly should not the onus"},{"startTime":5406.333,"endTime":5408.033,"body":"should not be on those of us who were"},{"startTime":5408.033,"endTime":5410.133,"body":"saying don't mess with the complex system"},{"startTime":5410.133,"endTime":5412.166,"body":"under which all life on earth has evolved"},{"startTime":5412.166,"endTime":5413.399,"body":"for billions of years."},{"startTime":5413.933,"endTime":5414.3,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5415.466,"endTime":5417.3,"body":"But oh, what exactly is going to happen?"},{"startTime":5417.3,"endTime":5419.199,"body":"Well, I can make predictions about"},{"startTime":5419.199,"endTime":5421.733,"body":"effects on migration and phenology and"},{"startTime":5421.733,"endTime":5423.933,"body":"breeding schedules and animals and such."},{"startTime":5424.766,"endTime":5426.266,"body":"But I don't have to be right about that."},{"startTime":5426.566,"endTime":5427.966,"body":"But also, this is, you know, this is"},{"startTime":5427.966,"endTime":5428.766,"body":"maybe just a little"},{"startTime":5428.766,"endTime":5430.466,"body":"bit too, like too arcane."},{"startTime":5431.266,"endTime":5431.433,"body":"But"},{"startTime":5432.466,"endTime":5435.1,"body":"we are losing our ability even to compare"},{"startTime":5435.1,"endTime":5436.866,"body":"what happens in the future with what has"},{"startTime":5436.866,"endTime":5439.466,"body":"happened in the past because our museums"},{"startTime":5439.466,"endTime":5442.966,"body":"are collections of where organisms have"},{"startTime":5442.966,"endTime":5445.733,"body":"been where under what circumstances are"},{"startTime":5445.733,"endTime":5448.766,"body":"being either destroyed or moved off site"},{"startTime":5448.766,"endTime":5450.833,"body":"into places that they're at risk of"},{"startTime":5451.033,"endTime":5452.1,"body":"basically disintegrating."},{"startTime":5452.466,"endTime":5453.766,"body":"Like, you know, some of the value of"},{"startTime":5453.766,"endTime":5455.433,"body":"natural history collections is precisely"},{"startTime":5455.433,"endTime":5458.833,"body":"so that as conditions change, we can have"},{"startTime":5458.833,"endTime":5460.533,"body":"a way to quantify the fact"},{"startTime":5460.533,"endTime":5461.533,"body":"that things have been changing."},{"startTime":5462.0,"endTime":5464.699,"body":"And if we lose access to the past as we"},{"startTime":5464.699,"endTime":5466.899,"body":"are losing access to that it will be just"},{"startTime":5466.899,"endTime":5468.633,"body":"so much, you know, sort of arm waving"},{"startTime":5468.633,"endTime":5469.5,"body":"like this feels"},{"startTime":5469.5,"endTime":5470.633,"body":"different than it used to."},{"startTime":5470.966,"endTime":5474.233,"body":"Well, we had, you know, we had extensive"},{"startTime":5474.233,"endTime":5475.766,"body":"museum collections and"},{"startTime":5475.766,"endTime":5476.666,"body":"they are disappearing."},{"startTime":5477.433,"endTime":5477.666,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":5477.666,"endTime":5480.433,"body":"And the number of places in which we"},{"startTime":5480.433,"endTime":5484.633,"body":"strangely lack for the evidence that"},{"startTime":5484.633,"endTime":5486.366,"body":"would allow us to detect how much of a"},{"startTime":5486.366,"endTime":5488.8,"body":"change there has been is many."},{"startTime":5489.533,"endTime":5491.566,"body":"And I would say you're one place that you"},{"startTime":5491.566,"endTime":5493.033,"body":"will all have encountered."},{"startTime":5493.766,"endTime":5497.366,"body":"I've been saying for decades, what"},{"startTime":5497.366,"endTime":5500.933,"body":"happened to the insects that used to"},{"startTime":5500.933,"endTime":5502.333,"body":"splatter the windshield?"},{"startTime":5502.833,"endTime":5504.566,"body":"Now this is commonly discussed, but at"},{"startTime":5504.566,"endTime":5505.433,"body":"first it was like, am"},{"startTime":5505.433,"endTime":5506.566,"body":"I imagining something?"},{"startTime":5506.766,"endTime":5509.066,"body":"Did I have a road trip that went through"},{"startTime":5509.066,"endTime":5510.866,"body":"a particularly dense thing?"},{"startTime":5510.866,"endTime":5511.899,"body":"And I'm misremembering."},{"startTime":5511.899,"endTime":5514.199,"body":"No, this at least in the West and by"},{"startTime":5514.199,"endTime":5516.366,"body":"which I include, you know, 10, 12 Western"},{"startTime":5516.366,"endTime":5519.933,"body":"states, every summer road trip required a"},{"startTime":5519.933,"endTime":5522.433,"body":"lot of work multiple times a"},{"startTime":5522.433,"endTime":5523.966,"body":"day to clean off windshields."},{"startTime":5523.966,"endTime":5524.166,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":5524.233,"endTime":5525.933,"body":"And it was very difficult to do."},{"startTime":5526.233,"endTime":5528.433,"body":"And so this existed, you know, into your"},{"startTime":5528.433,"endTime":5530.933,"body":"and my driving and taking road trips of"},{"startTime":5530.933,"endTime":5531.8,"body":"our own so that we were"},{"startTime":5531.8,"endTime":5533.199,"body":"responsible for our windshields."},{"startTime":5533.199,"endTime":5533.699,"body":"And it was like an"},{"startTime":5533.699,"endTime":5535.133,"body":"actual problem for seeing."},{"startTime":5535.466,"endTime":5535.666,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5535.8,"endTime":5536.0,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5536.133,"endTime":5537.699,"body":"So the point is, no, that memory is"},{"startTime":5537.699,"endTime":5540.5,"body":"crystal clear in so many living minds"},{"startTime":5540.5,"endTime":5542.366,"body":"that we can nail this one down."},{"startTime":5542.366,"endTime":5543.466,"body":"But the point is, let's"},{"startTime":5543.466,"endTime":5544.533,"body":"suppose you didn't have that."},{"startTime":5545.366,"endTime":5545.733,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5545.733,"endTime":5547.466,"body":"Let's suppose that the order of"},{"startTime":5547.466,"endTime":5549.466,"body":"technological innovations had made the"},{"startTime":5549.833,"endTime":5553.3,"body":"destruction of the insect populations"},{"startTime":5553.3,"endTime":5555.333,"body":"precede the invention of the car."},{"startTime":5556.0,"endTime":5556.199,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5556.5,"endTime":5558.733,"body":"Well, then the question is, how do those"},{"startTime":5558.733,"endTime":5560.633,"body":"of us who remember that there were vastly"},{"startTime":5560.633,"endTime":5563.0,"body":"more insects established, that that's not"},{"startTime":5563.0,"endTime":5564.966,"body":"something about the fact that we moved"},{"startTime":5564.966,"endTime":5567.866,"body":"where we lived or we are misremembering"},{"startTime":5567.866,"endTime":5570.266,"body":"because of a particularly intense summer"},{"startTime":5570.266,"endTime":5571.366,"body":"or something like that."},{"startTime":5571.8,"endTime":5572.733,"body":"Very hard to establish."},{"startTime":5572.966,"endTime":5575.533,"body":"Likewise, all the people saying, you"},{"startTime":5575.533,"endTime":5576.666,"body":"know, the sun used to be yellow."},{"startTime":5577.866,"endTime":5578.8,"body":"Now, I don't know what to do with that"},{"startTime":5578.8,"endTime":5580.533,"body":"claim because I remember it as they do,"},{"startTime":5580.533,"endTime":5581.866,"body":"but I don't know that memory"},{"startTime":5581.866,"endTime":5586.833,"body":"is a valid check on the thing."},{"startTime":5586.833,"endTime":5588.566,"body":"And the problem is all of the stuff you"},{"startTime":5588.566,"endTime":5592.333,"body":"would typically use to check this"},{"startTime":5593.666,"endTime":5594.333,"body":"doesn't work."},{"startTime":5594.566,"endTime":5594.766,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5594.766,"endTime":5596.633,"body":"The photographic stuff has biases in it"},{"startTime":5596.633,"endTime":5598.199,"body":"at its most basic level."},{"startTime":5598.199,"endTime":5599.699,"body":"So you can't just go back and look at old"},{"startTime":5599.699,"endTime":5600.466,"body":"photographs because the"},{"startTime":5600.466,"endTime":5601.366,"body":"technology has changed."},{"startTime":5601.866,"endTime":5603.866,"body":"So, you know, you need baseline data."},{"startTime":5604.666,"endTime":5607.033,"body":"Well, the sun used to be more yellow is,"},{"startTime":5607.5,"endTime":5609.166,"body":"as you say, it's a"},{"startTime":5609.166,"endTime":5610.066,"body":"different sort of a claim."},{"startTime":5611.166,"endTime":5612.066,"body":"There were more insects."},{"startTime":5613.466,"endTime":5615.066,"body":"Road trips felt different."},{"startTime":5615.766,"endTime":5617.899,"body":"That exists across an entire generation,"},{"startTime":5618.166,"endTime":5620.733,"body":"at least for people who lived in, you"},{"startTime":5620.733,"endTime":5622.766,"body":"know, a wide swath of the United States."},{"startTime":5622.766,"endTime":5624.333,"body":"And I don't know, I assume it was also"},{"startTime":5624.333,"endTime":5625.366,"body":"true in the south and the"},{"startTime":5625.366,"endTime":5626.433,"body":"Midwest and the east coast."},{"startTime":5626.433,"endTime":5626.933,"body":"I just don't know."},{"startTime":5627.833,"endTime":5631.166,"body":"But one of these for which I think"},{"startTime":5631.166,"endTime":5635.5,"body":"largely anthropological data, which is to"},{"startTime":5635.5,"endTime":5638.066,"body":"say, human stories are providing the"},{"startTime":5638.066,"endTime":5639.866,"body":"evidence and it's sufficient in this case"},{"startTime":5639.866,"endTime":5643.166,"body":"is the salmon runs in the Pacific"},{"startTime":5643.166,"endTime":5644.1,"body":"Northwest and even down"},{"startTime":5644.1,"endTime":5645.133,"body":"into California, right?"},{"startTime":5645.133,"endTime":5646.399,"body":"Along the eastern edge of the Pacific"},{"startTime":5646.399,"endTime":5648.866,"body":"Rim, along the west coast of North"},{"startTime":5648.866,"endTime":5649.933,"body":"America, which is to say the"},{"startTime":5649.933,"endTime":5650.833,"body":"eastern edge of the Pacific."},{"startTime":5652.166,"endTime":5654.433,"body":"We hear stories and even we growing up in"},{"startTime":5654.433,"endTime":5656.5,"body":"Southern California where there weren't"},{"startTime":5656.5,"endTime":5659.633,"body":"any salmon, but in living memory, I don't"},{"startTime":5659.633,"endTime":5661.166,"body":"think they ever got, I don't think there"},{"startTime":5661.166,"endTime":5664.233,"body":"were any rivers in SoCal that had salmon."},{"startTime":5664.566,"endTime":5669.233,"body":"But in central California up into Alaska,"},{"startTime":5669.233,"endTime":5670.8,"body":"BC and further up Alaska, and then of"},{"startTime":5670.8,"endTime":5671.966,"body":"course all the way around the Pacific"},{"startTime":5671.966,"endTime":5675.1,"body":"Rim, you hear stories about just rivers"},{"startTime":5675.6,"endTime":5677.633,"body":"being so teeming with salmon at the right"},{"startTime":5677.633,"endTime":5679.866,"body":"time of year that you could barely tell"},{"startTime":5679.866,"endTime":5681.866,"body":"that it was not a solid mass of salmon."},{"startTime":5683.033,"endTime":5687.266,"body":"And those stories are replicated across"},{"startTime":5687.266,"endTime":5689.866,"body":"river system, across individuals,"},{"startTime":5690.866,"endTime":5694.066,"body":"across, but corrected for, you know, sort"},{"startTime":5694.066,"endTime":5697.066,"body":"of from the moment that basically Western"},{"startTime":5697.066,"endTime":5698.8,"body":"anthropologists started recording the"},{"startTime":5698.8,"endTime":5702.466,"body":"stories of native elders up until, I"},{"startTime":5702.466,"endTime":5703.5,"body":"don't know, but up until we started"},{"startTime":5703.5,"endTime":5705.699,"body":"putting the dams in and then we started"},{"startTime":5705.699,"endTime":5708.266,"body":"spraying our chemicals on agricultural"},{"startTime":5708.266,"endTime":5711.266,"body":"crops and all of the other things that"},{"startTime":5711.266,"endTime":5713.033,"body":"have made the salmon fisheries collapse."},{"startTime":5713.733,"endTime":5715.966,"body":"But they have demonstrably collapsed."},{"startTime":5716.533,"endTime":5718.533,"body":"And that is true even though, you know,"},{"startTime":5718.533,"endTime":5721.366,"body":"we've actually been, we took students to"},{"startTime":5721.366,"endTime":5724.633,"body":"one of the still existing traditional"},{"startTime":5724.633,"endTime":5726.966,"body":"salmon fishing spots along the Columbia"},{"startTime":5726.966,"endTime":5727.966,"body":"River Gorge back when"},{"startTime":5727.966,"endTime":5728.833,"body":"we were still professors."},{"startTime":5729.266,"endTime":5731.066,"body":"And it looked to me like there were a lot"},{"startTime":5731.066,"endTime":5733.166,"body":"of fish, but it's nothing compared to"},{"startTime":5733.166,"endTime":5734.566,"body":"what people report there"},{"startTime":5734.566,"endTime":5736.366,"body":"haven't been not too long ago."},{"startTime":5736.766,"endTime":5736.966,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5737.033,"endTime":5738.933,"body":"And, you know, destroyed in multiple"},{"startTime":5738.933,"endTime":5742.066,"body":"ways, multiple ways in which each"},{"startTime":5742.066,"endTime":5744.233,"body":"individual change sounded reasonable."},{"startTime":5745.366,"endTime":5748.6,"body":"And I mean, at some point, you should"},{"startTime":5748.6,"endTime":5750.933,"body":"probably continue with the frequently"},{"startTime":5750.933,"endTime":5754.466,"body":"asked questions, but at some point we're"},{"startTime":5754.466,"endTime":5756.366,"body":"going to have to have a discussion about"},{"startTime":5756.366,"endTime":5759.5,"body":"how to protect our right to"},{"startTime":5759.5,"endTime":5761.666,"body":"have a planet that is intact,"},{"startTime":5762.699,"endTime":5765.666,"body":"how that gets balanced against the nanny"},{"startTime":5765.666,"endTime":5767.533,"body":"state instinct to forbid"},{"startTime":5767.533,"endTime":5769.533,"body":"you to do anything at all."},{"startTime":5770.033,"endTime":5770.133,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5770.133,"endTime":5773.933,"body":"We can't be paralyzed by the inability to"},{"startTime":5773.933,"endTime":5775.666,"body":"do normal stuff, even"},{"startTime":5775.666,"endTime":5777.366,"body":"that has a minor impact."},{"startTime":5777.366,"endTime":5777.733,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":5778.066,"endTime":5780.366,"body":"And you can't be allowed to just gamble"},{"startTime":5780.366,"endTime":5784.233,"body":"on all of our planet by doing things at"},{"startTime":5784.233,"endTime":5785.466,"body":"scale and discovering"},{"startTime":5785.466,"endTime":5786.333,"body":"what's wrong with them."},{"startTime":5787.066,"endTime":5787.899,"body":"And, you know,"},{"startTime":5789.666,"endTime":5792.933,"body":"you and I talk in the book and we've"},{"startTime":5792.933,"endTime":5794.933,"body":"talked many times here about the"},{"startTime":5794.933,"endTime":5796.333,"body":"principle of reversibility."},{"startTime":5796.966,"endTime":5797.866,"body":"Question is, can you"},{"startTime":5797.866,"endTime":5798.699,"body":"reverse what you're doing?"},{"startTime":5798.699,"endTime":5799.6,"body":"Now, this is interesting."},{"startTime":5800.233,"endTime":5803.366,"body":"Arguably, you can stop using this if it"},{"startTime":5803.366,"endTime":5804.366,"body":"turns into a disaster."},{"startTime":5804.633,"endTime":5805.6,"body":"But the question is,"},{"startTime":5805.6,"endTime":5807.266,"body":"once the technology exists, it exists."},{"startTime":5807.533,"endTime":5809.1,"body":"It exists and it will be defended by"},{"startTime":5809.1,"endTime":5811.633,"body":"corporate entities that don't want their"},{"startTime":5811.633,"endTime":5813.466,"body":"profit stream cut off."},{"startTime":5815.0,"endTime":5816.699,"body":"And, you know, there will be"},{"startTime":5816.699,"endTime":5817.966,"body":"damage done in the meantime."},{"startTime":5818.333,"endTime":5819.966,"body":"And then there's a question about, you"},{"startTime":5819.966,"endTime":5820.933,"body":"know, this huge network of"},{"startTime":5820.933,"endTime":5822.866,"body":"satellites and what impact it has."},{"startTime":5823.133,"endTime":5825.399,"body":"So anyway, we have a whole"},{"startTime":5825.399,"endTime":5827.633,"body":"set of rights that we don't."},{"startTime":5827.633,"endTime":5829.233,"body":"Rights that are effectively"},{"startTime":5830.399,"endTime":5832.766,"body":"God given rights that are not defined"},{"startTime":5832.766,"endTime":5834.866,"body":"because, you know, gee, how did our"},{"startTime":5834.866,"endTime":5837.699,"body":"founders forget to mention protecting the"},{"startTime":5837.699,"endTime":5839.366,"body":"night sky from maniacs?"},{"startTime":5839.366,"endTime":5839.666,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5839.966,"endTime":5841.966,"body":"How could they possibly have missed that?"},{"startTime":5842.333,"endTime":5843.966,"body":"Well, for obvious reasons."},{"startTime":5843.966,"endTime":5845.933,"body":"And so the point is our rights that would"},{"startTime":5845.933,"endTime":5848.266,"body":"have been defined if they understood the"},{"startTime":5848.266,"endTime":5850.866,"body":"danger aren't defined and anything that's"},{"startTime":5850.866,"endTime":5852.5,"body":"not defined as treated as fine."},{"startTime":5853.033,"endTime":5855.133,"body":"And so anyway, that is really the"},{"startTime":5855.133,"endTime":5856.966,"body":"discussion for all of these things, for"},{"startTime":5856.966,"endTime":5859.533,"body":"weather modification, for, you know,"},{"startTime":5860.033,"endTime":5862.033,"body":"climate, you know, for geoengineering and"},{"startTime":5862.033,"endTime":5863.833,"body":"climate, all of these things."},{"startTime":5863.833,"endTime":5865.766,"body":"The question is, who the fuck are you"},{"startTime":5865.766,"endTime":5867.266,"body":"people that you think you have the right"},{"startTime":5867.266,"endTime":5868.966,"body":"to play these games, even if you think"},{"startTime":5868.966,"endTime":5870.199,"body":"you're doing it for the right reason?"},{"startTime":5870.833,"endTime":5871.033,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5871.433,"endTime":5873.633,"body":"Who are you that you get to decide for me"},{"startTime":5873.633,"endTime":5875.266,"body":"that the climate needs to be changed?"},{"startTime":5875.566,"endTime":5875.8,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5876.066,"endTime":5877.166,"body":"You don't get to do that."},{"startTime":5877.399,"endTime":5878.233,"body":"And yet you are."},{"startTime":5878.333,"endTime":5878.666,"body":"No."},{"startTime":5878.666,"endTime":5880.433,"body":"And we've talked about this before, too."},{"startTime":5881.399,"endTime":5882.699,"body":"They all think they're doing it for the"},{"startTime":5882.699,"endTime":5885.566,"body":"right reason, in part because we live in"},{"startTime":5885.566,"endTime":5888.1,"body":"a world where people are informed of what"},{"startTime":5888.1,"endTime":5888.899,"body":"they think villains"},{"startTime":5888.899,"endTime":5890.366,"body":"look like from cartoons."},{"startTime":5891.333,"endTime":5891.533,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":5891.633,"endTime":5893.8,"body":"And so, you know, the really evil guy,"},{"startTime":5893.8,"endTime":5895.166,"body":"you know, rubbing his hands together in a"},{"startTime":5895.166,"endTime":5897.066,"body":"cave somewhere, that's"},{"startTime":5897.066,"endTime":5899.166,"body":"not what villains look like."},{"startTime":5899.766,"endTime":5901.033,"body":"They have convinced themselves."},{"startTime":5901.266,"endTime":5902.833,"body":"This is, I mean, this was one of the"},{"startTime":5902.833,"endTime":5905.166,"body":"important contributions of the now late"},{"startTime":5905.833,"endTime":5907.833,"body":"great Bob Trivers was"},{"startTime":5907.833,"endTime":5909.033,"body":"his work on self-deception."},{"startTime":5909.8,"endTime":5913.366,"body":"That it is the most basic point, which is"},{"startTime":5913.366,"endTime":5915.033,"body":"obvious in retrospect, as so much of the"},{"startTime":5915.033,"endTime":5918.0,"body":"best evolutionary biology is, is that if"},{"startTime":5918.0,"endTime":5919.766,"body":"you're going to lie about something, it"},{"startTime":5919.766,"endTime":5922.833,"body":"is far easier to be convincing to the"},{"startTime":5922.833,"endTime":5924.366,"body":"person who you're lying to if you have"},{"startTime":5924.366,"endTime":5926.166,"body":"first convinced yourself of your own lie."},{"startTime":5926.866,"endTime":5929.399,"body":"And so, you know, being deceived yourself"},{"startTime":5929.399,"endTime":5930.899,"body":"that you are actually a good person,"},{"startTime":5930.899,"endTime":5932.566,"body":"really working on behalf of the people"},{"startTime":5932.566,"endTime":5934.033,"body":"who just need light on Earth."},{"startTime":5934.033,"endTime":5935.466,"body":"And what about if you put mirrors in"},{"startTime":5935.466,"endTime":5937.633,"body":"space is much more"},{"startTime":5937.633,"endTime":5939.066,"body":"compelling and it does."},{"startTime":5939.066,"endTime":5939.666,"body":"It will make, of"},{"startTime":5939.666,"endTime":5941.466,"body":"course, to come full circle."},{"startTime":5941.466,"endTime":5943.5,"body":"It much more difficult to discover the"},{"startTime":5943.5,"endTime":5945.399,"body":"actual sociopaths because they've"},{"startTime":5945.399,"endTime":5946.566,"body":"convinced themselves first."},{"startTime":5946.566,"endTime":5946.766,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":5946.833,"endTime":5948.066,"body":"Well, you know, and we don't"},{"startTime":5948.066,"endTime":5949.333,"body":"have a good enough text on me."},{"startTime":5949.333,"endTime":5951.266,"body":"You've got actual sociopaths who lack the"},{"startTime":5951.266,"endTime":5954.699,"body":"capability for sympathy and you have"},{"startTime":5954.699,"endTime":5956.933,"body":"defact, you have facultative, which is"},{"startTime":5956.933,"endTime":5958.533,"body":"probably normal for humans."},{"startTime":5958.533,"endTime":5960.166,"body":"There are realms in which, you know, if"},{"startTime":5960.166,"endTime":5961.766,"body":"you're a soldier on a battlefield, you"},{"startTime":5961.766,"endTime":5962.233,"body":"have to be"},{"startTime":5962.233,"endTime":5965.399,"body":"defacto-sociopathic to just do the job."},{"startTime":5966.866,"endTime":5968.633,"body":"But then there are, you know,"},{"startTime":5970.666,"endTime":5972.3,"body":"functionally sociopathic people who are"},{"startTime":5972.3,"endTime":5975.333,"body":"working through mass rationalization, you"},{"startTime":5975.333,"endTime":5977.199,"body":"know, the boardroom in which people are"},{"startTime":5977.199,"endTime":5978.866,"body":"very excited about the billions that"},{"startTime":5978.866,"endTime":5980.899,"body":"might be made through this new venture."},{"startTime":5981.233,"endTime":5982.166,"body":"And then they figure"},{"startTime":5982.166,"endTime":5983.399,"body":"out how to tell the story."},{"startTime":5983.399,"endTime":5984.233,"body":"So it sounds like"},{"startTime":5984.233,"endTime":5985.233,"body":"they're doing something noble."},{"startTime":5986.233,"endTime":5988.066,"body":"And then you get to the advertising and"},{"startTime":5988.066,"endTime":5989.033,"body":"it's like how you people were lying."},{"startTime":5990.0,"endTime":5990.233,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":5990.733,"endTime":5990.833,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":5990.833,"endTime":5991.5,"body":"So let's just show,"},{"startTime":5991.866,"endTime":5993.033,"body":"again, this is Reflect Orbital."},{"startTime":5993.666,"endTime":5996.366,"body":"This company founded just a few years ago"},{"startTime":5996.366,"endTime":5999.433,"body":"and is aiming to put 50,000 plus space"},{"startTime":5999.433,"endTime":6000.6,"body":"mirrors up so that we"},{"startTime":6000.6,"endTime":6001.966,"body":"can never have night."},{"startTime":6002.233,"endTime":6004.233,"body":"Of course, that is not their claim, but"},{"startTime":6004.233,"endTime":6006.633,"body":"so that you can have a day on demand if"},{"startTime":6006.633,"endTime":6007.866,"body":"you have enough money to do so."},{"startTime":6008.466,"endTime":6008.933,"body":"What is reflected?"},{"startTime":6009.166,"endTime":6009.533,"body":"Sunlight."},{"startTime":6010.333,"endTime":6010.966,"body":"Natural sunlight"},{"startTime":6010.966,"endTime":6012.833,"body":"redirected from space with mirrors."},{"startTime":6013.266,"endTime":6014.766,"body":"The same sunlight we see every day simply"},{"startTime":6014.766,"endTime":6016.466,"body":"redirected at a time when it is not"},{"startTime":6016.466,"endTime":6017.366,"body":"typically accessible."},{"startTime":6017.633,"endTime":6019.266,"body":"Hey, what could go wrong?"},{"startTime":6020.266,"endTime":6020.933,"body":"How is this different"},{"startTime":6020.933,"endTime":6021.766,"body":"from artificial lighting?"},{"startTime":6022.533,"endTime":6023.266,"body":"Artificial lighting"},{"startTime":6023.833,"endTime":6025.333,"body":"relies on things like poles."},{"startTime":6026.433,"endTime":6027.399,"body":"Other things do, but"},{"startTime":6027.399,"endTime":6028.166,"body":"they actually say poles."},{"startTime":6029.833,"endTime":6030.666,"body":"It's okay."},{"startTime":6030.666,"endTime":6031.166,"body":"So I mean, that's,"},{"startTime":6031.166,"endTime":6032.033,"body":"that's sort of obvious."},{"startTime":6032.033,"endTime":6032.366,"body":"You know, there's no"},{"startTime":6032.366,"endTime":6033.066,"body":"ground infrastructure."},{"startTime":6033.633,"endTime":6034.466,"body":"What areas can"},{"startTime":6034.466,"endTime":6036.133,"body":"illuminate anywhere on earth?"},{"startTime":6036.866,"endTime":6038.933,"body":"Then they say the light will not spill"},{"startTime":6038.933,"endTime":6040.8,"body":"out of the defined service area."},{"startTime":6041.733,"endTime":6045.433,"body":"And I, this may be a tiny point, but"},{"startTime":6045.433,"endTime":6047.899,"body":"earth has an atmosphere."},{"startTime":6049.466,"endTime":6052.899,"body":"Part of what makes life on earth possible"},{"startTime":6052.899,"endTime":6054.699,"body":"is indeed our atmosphere."},{"startTime":6054.699,"endTime":6056.1,"body":"Without it, we wouldn't be here."},{"startTime":6057.1,"endTime":6059.966,"body":"When an atmosphere does, although they're"},{"startTime":6059.966,"endTime":6062.066,"body":"things, is it reflects light."},{"startTime":6062.866,"endTime":6066.866,"body":"And so whereas on the moon, if you put a"},{"startTime":6066.866,"endTime":6068.666,"body":"spotlight on a piece of the moon that was"},{"startTime":6068.666,"endTime":6069.533,"body":"facing away from the"},{"startTime":6069.533,"endTime":6071.066,"body":"earth, they'd be right."},{"startTime":6071.066,"endTime":6072.066,"body":"The light would not spill out of the"},{"startTime":6072.066,"endTime":6073.033,"body":"defined service area,"},{"startTime":6073.966,"endTime":6075.066,"body":"but on earth it will."},{"startTime":6075.899,"endTime":6076.733,"body":"Of course it will."},{"startTime":6077.133,"endTime":6079.033,"body":"Just like after the sun has set, you"},{"startTime":6079.033,"endTime":6081.3,"body":"still have light in the sky for a while."},{"startTime":6081.766,"endTime":6084.233,"body":"So that's just a lie."},{"startTime":6085.266,"endTime":6085.433,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":6085.433,"endTime":6086.633,"body":"That's just inherently a lie."},{"startTime":6087.133,"endTime":6090.033,"body":"Unless, so it's obviously a lie."},{"startTime":6090.333,"endTime":6091.666,"body":"Unless defined, unless they're service"},{"startTime":6091.666,"endTime":6092.899,"body":"areas, like what we're"},{"startTime":6092.899,"endTime":6093.966,"body":"intending and then they're."},{"startTime":6094.3,"endTime":6096.1,"body":"They've got a spill zone, but that's not"},{"startTime":6096.1,"endTime":6097.966,"body":"going to work because clouds, right?"},{"startTime":6098.333,"endTime":6099.333,"body":"You're going to reflect this through a"},{"startTime":6099.333,"endTime":6101.766,"body":"cloud that is going to be visible from a"},{"startTime":6101.766,"endTime":6103.899,"body":"great distance away, which means some of"},{"startTime":6103.899,"endTime":6105.066,"body":"the light escaped, which doesn't mean"},{"startTime":6105.066,"endTime":6106.533,"body":"that the amount of light that escapes in"},{"startTime":6106.533,"endTime":6108.466,"body":"that circumstance is going"},{"startTime":6108.466,"endTime":6109.699,"body":"to have an important impact."},{"startTime":6110.0,"endTime":6111.699,"body":"But the point is you can't, you can't say"},{"startTime":6111.699,"endTime":6113.366,"body":"this cleanly and you simply"},{"startTime":6113.366,"endTime":6114.899,"body":"don't know what the impacts."},{"startTime":6115.233,"endTime":6116.666,"body":"And also important impact."},{"startTime":6116.666,"endTime":6117.833,"body":"You know, so, okay, let's"},{"startTime":6117.833,"endTime":6119.633,"body":"just, hold on, on that."},{"startTime":6121.033,"endTime":6124.333,"body":"When dealing with sea turtles and"},{"startTime":6124.333,"endTime":6126.3,"body":"watching a nest hatch, it is very"},{"startTime":6126.3,"endTime":6129.066,"body":"important that you not wear headlamp that"},{"startTime":6129.066,"endTime":6131.966,"body":"is on because the sea turtles look for"},{"startTime":6131.966,"endTime":6134.566,"body":"the line of foam that is lighter in color"},{"startTime":6134.566,"endTime":6136.433,"body":"and they go towards it."},{"startTime":6137.266,"endTime":6140.133,"body":"So the headlight, the headlamp distorts"},{"startTime":6140.133,"endTime":6141.899,"body":"their path and actually gets them killed"},{"startTime":6141.899,"endTime":6143.133,"body":"because they have to get to the water"},{"startTime":6143.133,"endTime":6144.666,"body":"quickly in order not to get picked off."},{"startTime":6145.699,"endTime":6148.666,"body":"So are you telling me that you're"},{"startTime":6148.666,"endTime":6151.033,"body":"illuminating a cloud at night?"},{"startTime":6151.033,"endTime":6151.866,"body":"Doesn't have that"},{"startTime":6151.866,"endTime":6153.233,"body":"potential for other creatures?"},{"startTime":6153.6,"endTime":6155.433,"body":"You couldn't possibly know that."},{"startTime":6155.666,"endTime":6155.866,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":6155.866,"endTime":6158.433,"body":"And we can, we can tell a clean story"},{"startTime":6158.433,"endTime":6161.266,"body":"about human technology effect on sea"},{"startTime":6161.266,"endTime":6163.666,"body":"turtles because it exists at human scale"},{"startTime":6163.666,"endTime":6165.733,"body":"and it's a charismatic organism that"},{"startTime":6165.733,"endTime":6168.266,"body":"humans go to and go to with light."},{"startTime":6168.266,"endTime":6170.066,"body":"And we have, we have seen the effects."},{"startTime":6170.899,"endTime":6171.866,"body":"Most of the effects will"},{"startTime":6171.866,"endTime":6173.333,"body":"not be known or knowable."},{"startTime":6173.8,"endTime":6174.166,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6174.166,"endTime":6174.933,"body":"They simply won't be."},{"startTime":6174.933,"endTime":6177.333,"body":"You know, especially think about this."},{"startTime":6177.633,"endTime":6178.333,"body":"What are you going to get?"},{"startTime":6178.533,"endTime":6181.199,"body":"If they've got a nice defined beam of"},{"startTime":6181.199,"endTime":6182.266,"body":"light, it's going to"},{"startTime":6182.266,"endTime":6184.166,"body":"be a circle in the sky."},{"startTime":6184.899,"endTime":6185.566,"body":"There are things that"},{"startTime":6185.566,"endTime":6186.733,"body":"navigate using the moon."},{"startTime":6187.5,"endTime":6187.699,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6187.866,"endTime":6192.566,"body":"So it's not hard to spot ways in which"},{"startTime":6192.566,"endTime":6194.366,"body":"this could be an important impact."},{"startTime":6194.8,"endTime":6197.266,"body":"And the question is how exactly did you"},{"startTime":6197.266,"endTime":6200.766,"body":"get the right to sell this capacity to"},{"startTime":6200.8,"endTime":6202.3,"body":"people just based on the fact that"},{"startTime":6202.3,"endTime":6203.533,"body":"they've got the money?"},{"startTime":6203.833,"endTime":6204.233,"body":"Yep."},{"startTime":6205.466,"endTime":6206.066,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":6206.066,"endTime":6207.133,"body":"Let's just go through the rest of their"},{"startTime":6207.133,"endTime":6208.366,"body":"frequently asked questions."},{"startTime":6208.366,"endTime":6209.066,"body":"Can the light be adjusted?"},{"startTime":6209.833,"endTime":6210.066,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":6210.066,"endTime":6211.399,"body":"It can effectively be turned on and off"},{"startTime":6211.399,"endTime":6213.466,"body":"by rotating the satellite and then timing"},{"startTime":6213.466,"endTime":6214.966,"body":"can be scheduled so that it operates only"},{"startTime":6214.966,"endTime":6216.266,"body":"during requested hours."},{"startTime":6216.833,"endTime":6217.666,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":6218.533,"endTime":6219.333,"body":"Requested by whom?"},{"startTime":6220.066,"endTime":6221.133,"body":"Who gets to make the request?"},{"startTime":6221.566,"endTime":6222.433,"body":"Who gets to say, I"},{"startTime":6222.433,"endTime":6223.633,"body":"don't want that request met."},{"startTime":6224.366,"endTime":6225.966,"body":"Who benefits from this technology?"},{"startTime":6226.899,"endTime":6228.033,"body":"Anyone needing clean,"},{"startTime":6228.033,"endTime":6230.033,"body":"controllable, safe light can benefit."},{"startTime":6230.933,"endTime":6232.066,"body":"Applications range from extending solar"},{"startTime":6232.066,"endTime":6233.533,"body":"generation hours without requiring any"},{"startTime":6233.533,"endTime":6235.266,"body":"new land or ground infrastructure to"},{"startTime":6235.266,"endTime":6237.066,"body":"illuminating precise areas for operations"},{"startTime":6237.066,"endTime":6237.966,"body":"in remote environments."},{"startTime":6238.766,"endTime":6239.899,"body":"Check out our products to learn more."},{"startTime":6240.199,"endTime":6240.733,"body":"Is it safe?"},{"startTime":6242.566,"endTime":6245.233,"body":"We design for safety in three ways."},{"startTime":6245.566,"endTime":6247.899,"body":"So they don't answer if it's safe."},{"startTime":6247.899,"endTime":6249.666,"body":"They just say they're designing, thinking"},{"startTime":6249.666,"endTime":6251.399,"body":"about safety because they can't, they"},{"startTime":6251.399,"endTime":6252.933,"body":"can't know and safe for whom."},{"startTime":6253.433,"endTime":6253.666,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6253.666,"endTime":6255.433,"body":"That, that remains an unspoken question."},{"startTime":6256.366,"endTime":6256.933,"body":"Can it be avoided?"},{"startTime":6257.466,"endTime":6257.666,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":6257.8,"endTime":6259.066,"body":"We will only provide redirected light"},{"startTime":6259.066,"endTime":6260.333,"body":"when it is specifically requested and"},{"startTime":6260.333,"endTime":6260.933,"body":"approved by the"},{"startTime":6260.933,"endTime":6262.166,"body":"appropriate local authorities."},{"startTime":6262.666,"endTime":6264.166,"body":"In addition, we will share positions in"},{"startTime":6264.166,"endTime":6266.233,"body":"advance so that scientists and other"},{"startTime":6266.233,"endTime":6269.133,"body":"stakeholders can plan around the service."},{"startTime":6269.899,"endTime":6273.1,"body":"Other stakeholders, meaning every single"},{"startTime":6273.1,"endTime":6274.666,"body":"life form on the planet,"},{"startTime":6275.699,"endTime":6277.533,"body":"everything can just know what you're"},{"startTime":6277.533,"endTime":6279.733,"body":"doing and schedule what"},{"startTime":6279.733,"endTime":6281.666,"body":"plan around the service."},{"startTime":6282.366,"endTime":6284.266,"body":"Though every life form on the planet is"},{"startTime":6284.266,"endTime":6285.833,"body":"not going to pay attention to you guys to"},{"startTime":6285.833,"endTime":6287.699,"body":"plan around your service because what you"},{"startTime":6287.699,"endTime":6290.833,"body":"wanted to make a bunch of money and, you"},{"startTime":6290.833,"endTime":6292.066,"body":"know, cloak it in,"},{"startTime":6292.066,"endTime":6293.433,"body":"like this will be useful."},{"startTime":6294.699,"endTime":6296.3,"body":"It's extraordinary."},{"startTime":6296.833,"endTime":6298.266,"body":"Scientists and their stakeholders, as if"},{"startTime":6298.266,"endTime":6300.166,"body":"scientists and I don't know who, but"},{"startTime":6300.166,"endTime":6301.166,"body":"maybe there must be some other"},{"startTime":6301.166,"endTime":6302.399,"body":"stakeholders who care about whether or"},{"startTime":6302.399,"endTime":6303.133,"body":"not there's light in the sky."},{"startTime":6303.433,"endTime":6305.399,"body":"Well, stakeholders is one of these very"},{"startTime":6305.399,"endTime":6307.566,"body":"clever terms where the point is, oh,"},{"startTime":6307.566,"endTime":6309.833,"body":"well, if we're going to define the"},{"startTime":6309.833,"endTime":6311.266,"body":"stakeholders, then these"},{"startTime":6311.266,"endTime":6312.366,"body":"are the people who get a save."},{"startTime":6312.366,"endTime":6313.233,"body":"It's basically a"},{"startTime":6313.233,"endTime":6314.966,"body":"translation of seat at the table."},{"startTime":6315.399,"endTime":6315.6,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":6315.666,"endTime":6318.333,"body":"And you may have noticed that often those"},{"startTime":6318.333,"endTime":6320.866,"body":"of us who suffer from policy, you know,"},{"startTime":6320.866,"endTime":6323.866,"body":"let's say the clear cutting of the"},{"startTime":6323.866,"endTime":6326.166,"body":"forests of the Pacific Northwest, many of"},{"startTime":6326.166,"endTime":6328.033,"body":"us who suffer from the fact that that was"},{"startTime":6328.033,"endTime":6329.899,"body":"done didn't have a seat at the table."},{"startTime":6330.233,"endTime":6330.433,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6330.633,"endTime":6330.733,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6330.733,"endTime":6332.3,"body":"And so the point is they're defining."},{"startTime":6332.633,"endTime":6334.233,"body":"Nor are we in on any of the profits."},{"startTime":6334.699,"endTime":6335.133,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6335.133,"endTime":6335.766,"body":"This was one of my."},{"startTime":6335.933,"endTime":6336.666,"body":"Yeah, that went to warehouse."},{"startTime":6336.966,"endTime":6337.533,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6337.533,"endTime":6339.533,"body":"The point is, and I used to be angry at"},{"startTime":6339.533,"endTime":6341.166,"body":"the citizens of the Pacific Northwest"},{"startTime":6341.166,"endTime":6343.333,"body":"because the point is, look, you're"},{"startTime":6343.333,"endTime":6346.166,"body":"defending some of them on the basis that"},{"startTime":6346.166,"endTime":6348.766,"body":"this is necessary for jobs, but these"},{"startTime":6348.766,"endTime":6351.666,"body":"people are exporting the natural wealth"},{"startTime":6351.666,"endTime":6353.133,"body":"of the region and you"},{"startTime":6353.133,"endTime":6354.433,"body":"didn't even get your cut."},{"startTime":6355.133,"endTime":6355.333,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6355.766,"endTime":6358.733,"body":"How did you miss the fact that this is"},{"startTime":6358.733,"endTime":6360.633,"body":"not about a small number of loggers?"},{"startTime":6361.1,"endTime":6362.533,"body":"This is about the fact that this was a"},{"startTime":6362.533,"endTime":6364.466,"body":"resource that belonged to all of us, that"},{"startTime":6364.466,"endTime":6366.933,"body":"somebody privatized and sold and you"},{"startTime":6366.933,"endTime":6367.766,"body":"didn't get your cut."},{"startTime":6367.766,"endTime":6368.899,"body":"You didn't even get your cut."},{"startTime":6369.166,"endTime":6369.533,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6369.533,"endTime":6369.733,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6370.033,"endTime":6372.466,"body":"That money could have gone to other"},{"startTime":6372.466,"endTime":6374.166,"body":"things and then at least you'd be able to"},{"startTime":6374.166,"endTime":6375.566,"body":"argue that the benefit had"},{"startTime":6375.566,"endTime":6377.199,"body":"counterbalanced the cost."},{"startTime":6377.199,"endTime":6380.8,"body":"But no, it was just it was the the rape"},{"startTime":6380.8,"endTime":6382.666,"body":"of the environment based"},{"startTime":6382.666,"endTime":6384.433,"body":"on savvy corporate entities."},{"startTime":6385.533,"endTime":6386.1,"body":"Yep."},{"startTime":6386.8,"endTime":6387.233,"body":"Yep."},{"startTime":6387.533,"endTime":6387.933,"body":"There you go."},{"startTime":6389.233,"endTime":6390.533,"body":"What will it look like on the ground?"},{"startTime":6391.333,"endTime":6392.766,"body":"The spot is brightest on the ground with"},{"startTime":6392.766,"endTime":6394.433,"body":"minimal sky glow in the air."},{"startTime":6395.199,"endTime":6397.566,"body":"Again, if there are no clouds, right?"},{"startTime":6398.333,"endTime":6401.3,"body":"Which I did not do a thorough search, but"},{"startTime":6401.3,"endTime":6403.733,"body":"I don't find any mention of weather,"},{"startTime":6403.733,"endTime":6405.733,"body":"atmospheric conditions, anything."},{"startTime":6406.733,"endTime":6408.066,"body":"From within the spot, it will look and"},{"startTime":6408.066,"endTime":6409.399,"body":"feel like the given brightness level,"},{"startTime":6409.666,"endTime":6410.866,"body":"bright moon to high noon."},{"startTime":6410.866,"endTime":6411.866,"body":"Those are the options there."},{"startTime":6412.533,"endTime":6413.133,"body":"That's the span."},{"startTime":6414.533,"endTime":6417.133,"body":"Bright moon to high noon with a star-like"},{"startTime":6417.133,"endTime":6418.399,"body":"spot passing overhead."},{"startTime":6419.3,"endTime":6420.466,"body":"How can I request the service?"},{"startTime":6421.133,"endTime":6421.933,"body":"Contact us."},{"startTime":6422.833,"endTime":6423.033,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":6423.133,"endTime":6423.833,"body":"So you know the"},{"startTime":6423.833,"endTime":6425.166,"body":"organization Dark Sky International?"},{"startTime":6426.233,"endTime":6428.933,"body":"They are defending, they are trying to"},{"startTime":6428.933,"endTime":6431.8,"body":"defend the right of life"},{"startTime":6431.8,"endTime":6433.333,"body":"on Earth to have dark skies."},{"startTime":6434.033,"endTime":6436.566,"body":"They are alarmed, as you might imagine."},{"startTime":6437.366,"endTime":6442.3,"body":"Here we have a piece from them from end"},{"startTime":6442.3,"endTime":6443.933,"body":"of December of last year, Dark Sky"},{"startTime":6443.933,"endTime":6445.766,"body":"International opposes reflect orbitals"},{"startTime":6445.766,"endTime":6447.366,"body":"proposed orbital illumination system."},{"startTime":6447.899,"endTime":6448.833,"body":"It's a good piece."},{"startTime":6448.833,"endTime":6450.033,"body":"It's about what you would expect."},{"startTime":6450.033,"endTime":6450.6,"body":"I don't think I need to"},{"startTime":6450.6,"endTime":6451.666,"body":"read anything from it."},{"startTime":6453.166,"endTime":6455.5,"body":"And a few months later, that is to say"},{"startTime":6455.5,"endTime":6457.733,"body":"last week, I think it was, yes, March"},{"startTime":6457.733,"endTime":6460.066,"body":"25th, reflect orbital put on their site,"},{"startTime":6460.466,"endTime":6461.233,"body":"reflect orbital seeks"},{"startTime":6461.233,"endTime":6462.633,"body":"collaboration with dark skies."},{"startTime":6463.566,"endTime":6464.733,"body":"What Dark Sky International?"},{"startTime":6465.766,"endTime":6466.566,"body":"Dark skies."},{"startTime":6466.966,"endTime":6467.666,"body":"What is that?"},{"startTime":6467.666,"endTime":6467.933,"body":"How would you"},{"startTime":6467.933,"endTime":6468.966,"body":"collaborate with dark skies?"},{"startTime":6469.233,"endTime":6470.933,"body":"What are they even claiming?"},{"startTime":6471.566,"endTime":6473.533,"body":"And the piece looks like it was put"},{"startTime":6473.533,"endTime":6474.966,"body":"together in a hurry and it"},{"startTime":6474.966,"endTime":6476.266,"body":"doesn't really make any sense."},{"startTime":6477.0,"endTime":6478.0,"body":"And if you're not paying a lot of"},{"startTime":6478.0,"endTime":6481.233,"body":"attention, it sort of looks like they've"},{"startTime":6481.233,"endTime":6482.366,"body":"just always been open and they're just"},{"startTime":6482.366,"endTime":6483.766,"body":"really hoping to get the attention of the"},{"startTime":6483.766,"endTime":6485.133,"body":"dark sky people because they're in."},{"startTime":6486.466,"endTime":6488.933,"body":"Clearly, this is a response to Dark Sky"},{"startTime":6488.933,"endTime":6490.133,"body":"International saying, hold"},{"startTime":6490.133,"endTime":6491.833,"body":"up, stop, you have no right."},{"startTime":6492.433,"endTime":6494.433,"body":"And here we have three months later, an"},{"startTime":6494.433,"endTime":6495.6,"body":"invitation to collaborate."},{"startTime":6496.233,"endTime":6498.166,"body":"Reflect orbital says expanding access to"},{"startTime":6498.166,"endTime":6499.666,"body":"clean energy from space has the potential"},{"startTime":6499.666,"endTime":6501.199,"body":"to be a powerful tool to"},{"startTime":6501.199,"endTime":6502.466,"body":"meet humanity's energy demands."},{"startTime":6502.466,"endTime":6504.066,"body":"Again, they're pivoting between light and"},{"startTime":6504.066,"endTime":6505.733,"body":"energy and I didn't spend any time on"},{"startTime":6505.733,"endTime":6507.366,"body":"their energy claims, but they're crappy."},{"startTime":6508.366,"endTime":6510.133,"body":"The idea basically is"},{"startTime":6510.133,"endTime":6511.733,"body":"that they can shine,"},{"startTime":6512.866,"endTime":6514.699,"body":"they can reflect sunlight onto existing"},{"startTime":6514.699,"endTime":6516.8,"body":"solar arrays at night and have those"},{"startTime":6516.8,"endTime":6520.933,"body":"solar arrays not be offline at night."},{"startTime":6521.199,"endTime":6523.133,"body":"But even they estimate that you're going"},{"startTime":6523.133,"endTime":6526.3,"body":"to pick up a percent or two in terms of"},{"startTime":6526.3,"endTime":6528.199,"body":"value, in terms of these solar arrays."},{"startTime":6528.199,"endTime":6530.8,"body":"It's really, it's a bad model."},{"startTime":6531.066,"endTime":6533.933,"body":"Well, if you just think about how much"},{"startTime":6533.933,"endTime":6536.933,"body":"surface area you would need to collect"},{"startTime":6536.933,"endTime":6538.633,"body":"sunlight that wasn't going to hit the"},{"startTime":6538.633,"endTime":6542.166,"body":"earth from in order to materially alter"},{"startTime":6542.166,"endTime":6544.733,"body":"the amount of solar energy collected with"},{"startTime":6544.733,"endTime":6547.033,"body":"the existing, it doesn't, it"},{"startTime":6547.033,"endTime":6548.566,"body":"superficially doesn't"},{"startTime":6548.566,"endTime":6549.766,"body":"pass the smell test."},{"startTime":6550.6,"endTime":6555.766,"body":"And also, as always is the case, you and"},{"startTime":6555.766,"endTime":6561.633,"body":"I have talked about the purged double"},{"startTime":6561.633,"endTime":6564.366,"body":"glazed windows that are now currently"},{"startTime":6564.366,"endTime":6567.033,"body":"used to meet the energy"},{"startTime":6567.033,"endTime":6568.433,"body":"standards for construction."},{"startTime":6569.1,"endTime":6572.3,"body":"And never in the calculation is the"},{"startTime":6572.3,"endTime":6574.766,"body":"question of, okay, these"},{"startTime":6574.766,"endTime":6579.133,"body":"purged dual glass panels fail."},{"startTime":6579.366,"endTime":6581.166,"body":"So when you say purged, you mean purged,"},{"startTime":6581.166,"endTime":6581.699,"body":"are there vacuum"},{"startTime":6581.833,"endTime":6583.3,"body":"inside or there nitrogen?"},{"startTime":6583.633,"endTime":6585.566,"body":"I think there are gone or there's some"},{"startTime":6585.566,"endTime":6587.033,"body":"inert gas in there,"},{"startTime":6587.533,"endTime":6589.066,"body":"which has obvious benefits."},{"startTime":6589.3,"endTime":6591.399,"body":"You increase the R value of the windows,"},{"startTime":6591.666,"endTime":6592.899,"body":"but you also cause the windows."},{"startTime":6593.133,"endTime":6594.333,"body":"Because it's like a wetsuit."},{"startTime":6594.8,"endTime":6595.733,"body":"Yeah, but you, well,"},{"startTime":6595.733,"endTime":6597.0,"body":"and it's better than air."},{"startTime":6597.5,"endTime":6598.933,"body":"It's better than allowing free flow of"},{"startTime":6598.933,"endTime":6600.866,"body":"air the way old storm windows used to do"},{"startTime":6600.866,"endTime":6602.533,"body":"because the R value is higher."},{"startTime":6602.966,"endTime":6605.166,"body":"But you have to replace"},{"startTime":6605.166,"endTime":6606.266,"body":"them every now and again."},{"startTime":6606.266,"endTime":6607.733,"body":"And the point is there's a lot of energy"},{"startTime":6607.733,"endTime":6609.6,"body":"hidden in the, oh, well, okay, you just"},{"startTime":6609.6,"endTime":6610.633,"body":"took a bunch of resource."},{"startTime":6610.633,"endTime":6611.633,"body":"You threw it in the landfill."},{"startTime":6612.033,"endTime":6613.333,"body":"You needed new resource."},{"startTime":6613.333,"endTime":6614.5,"body":"You had a factory run."},{"startTime":6614.5,"endTime":6616.066,"body":"You had to move it with trucks."},{"startTime":6616.533,"endTime":6618.733,"body":"So the question is, okay, did this just"},{"startTime":6618.733,"endTime":6620.666,"body":"feel good because the R value on the"},{"startTime":6620.666,"endTime":6621.966,"body":"window went up or was it"},{"startTime":6621.966,"endTime":6623.066,"body":"actually an energy savings?"},{"startTime":6623.366,"endTime":6626.133,"body":"And this is going to be a quality of life"},{"startTime":6626.133,"endTime":6628.333,"body":"argument rather than an actual, actually,"},{"startTime":6628.333,"endTime":6630.233,"body":"did you save energy argument, which I"},{"startTime":6630.233,"endTime":6632.533,"body":"think is a very strong one, but with"},{"startTime":6632.533,"endTime":6633.633,"body":"regard to quality of life,"},{"startTime":6634.733,"endTime":6636.399,"body":"old single-pained windows or"},{"startTime":6636.399,"endTime":6637.8,"body":"single-pained windows where if you lived"},{"startTime":6637.8,"endTime":6638.933,"body":"in this sort of environment, you put"},{"startTime":6638.933,"endTime":6640.533,"body":"storm windows up in the winter as we did"},{"startTime":6640.533,"endTime":6641.433,"body":"at our house in Michigan,"},{"startTime":6642.933,"endTime":6643.833,"body":"didn't fail."},{"startTime":6644.233,"endTime":6646.266,"body":"They could crack some kid, get a baseball"},{"startTime":6646.266,"endTime":6647.833,"body":"through it to borrow something"},{"startTime":6647.833,"endTime":6648.399,"body":"from the 50s."},{"startTime":6649.766,"endTime":6649.966,"body":"But yeah,"},{"startTime":6651.033,"endTime":6651.233,"body":"exactly."},{"startTime":6651.399,"endTime":6651.866,"body":"Simple to re-glaze."},{"startTime":6652.433,"endTime":6654.8,"body":"And that was going to be a rare incident."},{"startTime":6655.066,"endTime":6656.933,"body":"And that doesn't become any more or less"},{"startTime":6656.933,"endTime":6658.766,"body":"likely with single versus double glazed"},{"startTime":6658.766,"endTime":6660.233,"body":"or now they're even doing triple glazed."},{"startTime":6660.233,"endTime":6662.866,"body":"Whereas almost everyone who has been"},{"startTime":6662.866,"endTime":6664.566,"body":"around any kind of modern buildings has"},{"startTime":6664.566,"endTime":6666.233,"body":"had the experience of having one of these"},{"startTime":6666.233,"endTime":6670.233,"body":"seals fail and having the window become"},{"startTime":6670.233,"endTime":6672.066,"body":"more opaque over time."},{"startTime":6672.966,"endTime":6675.0,"body":"And sometimes you don't fix it right away"},{"startTime":6675.0,"endTime":6678.333,"body":"because it's expensive or you feel like,"},{"startTime":6678.333,"endTime":6679.5,"body":"ah, it's not that bad yet."},{"startTime":6679.833,"endTime":6680.699,"body":"I'm going to get as much"},{"startTime":6680.699,"endTime":6681.899,"body":"life out of this as possible."},{"startTime":6682.266,"endTime":6683.833,"body":"But meanwhile, your quality of life"},{"startTime":6683.833,"endTime":6685.399,"body":"looking out that window is"},{"startTime":6685.399,"endTime":6687.366,"body":"degraded day by day by day."},{"startTime":6687.766,"endTime":6689.166,"body":"Whereas with a single-pained window,"},{"startTime":6689.666,"endTime":6691.233,"body":"okay, you're paying more energy costs"},{"startTime":6691.233,"endTime":6694.0,"body":"from, you know, in terms of your utility"},{"startTime":6694.0,"endTime":6697.0,"body":"bill, you may be paying less overall over"},{"startTime":6697.0,"endTime":6699.399,"body":"the length of the entire window if you"},{"startTime":6699.399,"endTime":6700.899,"body":"include all the costs of having to"},{"startTime":6700.899,"endTime":6702.266,"body":"replace it when the seals fail."},{"startTime":6702.533,"endTime":6705.766,"body":"And the experience of having a window is"},{"startTime":6705.766,"endTime":6708.266,"body":"degraded often because when the seals"},{"startTime":6708.266,"endTime":6710.733,"body":"fail, they fail in a way that, you know,"},{"startTime":6710.733,"endTime":6713.5,"body":"you don't fix it right away."},{"startTime":6713.866,"endTime":6715.733,"body":"And it just reminds you constantly that"},{"startTime":6715.733,"endTime":6717.266,"body":"you have something that needs to be done"},{"startTime":6717.266,"endTime":6718.833,"body":"and that your life isn't perfect."},{"startTime":6719.433,"endTime":6719.666,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6720.366,"endTime":6722.566,"body":"Now, in this case, we had to factor in"},{"startTime":6722.566,"endTime":6726.566,"body":"the immense energetic cost of putting"},{"startTime":6726.566,"endTime":6729.166,"body":"things in space and maintaining them and"},{"startTime":6729.166,"endTime":6731.066,"body":"communications with them."},{"startTime":6731.733,"endTime":6733.866,"body":"So, you know, if they're making a small"},{"startTime":6733.866,"endTime":6736.466,"body":"increase in the efficiency of solar"},{"startTime":6736.466,"endTime":6738.933,"body":"panels at some large expense to put them"},{"startTime":6738.933,"endTime":6740.5,"body":"where they are, that is"},{"startTime":6740.5,"endTime":6742.466,"body":"not inherently a net benefit."},{"startTime":6742.466,"endTime":6744.033,"body":"And if there is a benefit, it's small."},{"startTime":6744.533,"endTime":6748.733,"body":"So the point is it's kind of a trying to"},{"startTime":6748.733,"endTime":6750.066,"body":"find a synonym for smoke"},{"startTime":6750.066,"endTime":6752.333,"body":"and mirrors confusing here."},{"startTime":6752.566,"endTime":6753.766,"body":"But well, yeah, the whole the whole"},{"startTime":6753.766,"endTime":6755.5,"body":"energy part of their claim seems like a"},{"startTime":6755.5,"endTime":6759.066,"body":"stretch because that's what people in the"},{"startTime":6759.066,"endTime":6760.966,"body":"startup and especially the tech community"},{"startTime":6760.966,"endTime":6763.133,"body":"are so focused on right now because of"},{"startTime":6763.133,"endTime":6765.233,"body":"the draw from AI, because of the, you"},{"startTime":6765.233,"endTime":6767.533,"body":"know, coming need for so much more energy"},{"startTime":6767.533,"endTime":6769.066,"body":"than we appear to have access to."},{"startTime":6769.533,"endTime":6770.899,"body":"And so, you know, they,"},{"startTime":6772.3,"endTime":6773.333,"body":"I think they will be"},{"startTime":6773.333,"endTime":6774.3,"body":"able to light up the earth."},{"startTime":6775.233,"endTime":6776.366,"body":"And I think that's horrifying."},{"startTime":6777.233,"endTime":6779.233,"body":"I am not compelled that even they think"},{"startTime":6779.233,"endTime":6780.866,"body":"that they will be able to even offset"},{"startTime":6780.866,"endTime":6782.466,"body":"their own energy use"},{"startTime":6782.466,"endTime":6783.399,"body":"with what they're doing."},{"startTime":6783.399,"endTime":6786.633,"body":"But energy is such a big piece of what"},{"startTime":6786.633,"endTime":6788.133,"body":"people are interested in investing in"},{"startTime":6788.133,"endTime":6789.066,"body":"right now that I think"},{"startTime":6789.066,"endTime":6790.133,"body":"that that's why that's here."},{"startTime":6790.666,"endTime":6794.399,"body":"There's also the risk of abuse."},{"startTime":6797.566,"endTime":6798.333,"body":"For example,"},{"startTime":6800.133,"endTime":6802.699,"body":"given, I mean, we are well down the road"},{"startTime":6802.699,"endTime":6807.166,"body":"of unthinkably awful weapons and, you"},{"startTime":6807.166,"endTime":6808.833,"body":"know, multiple layers, you know,"},{"startTime":6809.366,"endTime":6812.066,"body":"psychological weapons, weapons that, you"},{"startTime":6812.066,"endTime":6814.533,"body":"know, drive people to madness, soldiers"},{"startTime":6814.533,"endTime":6815.366,"body":"to madness, so they"},{"startTime":6815.366,"endTime":6816.866,"body":"can't fight things like this."},{"startTime":6819.866,"endTime":6821.8,"body":"But, you know, is this going to be, you"},{"startTime":6821.8,"endTime":6823.533,"body":"know, we're watching the wholesale"},{"startTime":6823.533,"endTime":6825.966,"body":"bombing of civilian populations now."},{"startTime":6827.1,"endTime":6828.533,"body":"Is this going to be used to drive people"},{"startTime":6828.533,"endTime":6830.366,"body":"insane until they cry uncle?"},{"startTime":6831.6,"endTime":6833.133,"body":"Right, one could imagine that."},{"startTime":6833.133,"endTime":6836.133,"body":"Yeah, used to be, you put speakers"},{"startTime":6836.133,"endTime":6839.333,"body":"outside the house of someone that you've"},{"startTime":6839.333,"endTime":6840.766,"body":"got on house arrest or something, and you"},{"startTime":6840.766,"endTime":6843.033,"body":"just blare music at them all night long."},{"startTime":6843.533,"endTime":6844.633,"body":"Well, let's do it with light too."},{"startTime":6845.066,"endTime":6846.666,"body":"Yeah, who knows what else?"},{"startTime":6846.666,"endTime":6848.633,"body":"I mean, the fact is, you know, mirrors"},{"startTime":6848.633,"endTime":6854.233,"body":"are a multi-use technology."},{"startTime":6854.666,"endTime":6856.566,"body":"And the question is, is there some"},{"startTime":6856.566,"endTime":6859.366,"body":"private reason that this network would be"},{"startTime":6859.366,"endTime":6862.233,"body":"desired, you know, one could imagine"},{"startTime":6862.233,"endTime":6863.699,"body":"things, beams being"},{"startTime":6863.699,"endTime":6866.966,"body":"redirected from the ground, you know."},{"startTime":6867.166,"endTime":6870.0,"body":"So anyway, yeah, there's a lot here you"},{"startTime":6870.0,"endTime":6871.3,"body":"would want to know, and what we already"},{"startTime":6871.3,"endTime":6873.333,"body":"know is pretty frightening in light of"},{"startTime":6873.333,"endTime":6878.366,"body":"the fact that they're tampering with, you"},{"startTime":6878.366,"endTime":6879.833,"body":"know, the master complex"},{"startTime":6879.833,"endTime":6881.433,"body":"system on which we all depend."},{"startTime":6882.3,"endTime":6884.166,"body":"And they're doing so from a, you know,"},{"startTime":6885.166,"endTime":6888.633,"body":"what-me-worry kind of, let's look at all"},{"startTime":6888.633,"endTime":6891.733,"body":"the upsides version in which they're"},{"startTime":6891.733,"endTime":6894.233,"body":"downplaying obvious downsides that are"},{"startTime":6894.233,"endTime":6896.3,"body":"already obvious, let alone all of the"},{"startTime":6896.3,"endTime":6897.333,"body":"ones that we're not going to"},{"startTime":6897.333,"endTime":6898.6,"body":"know until after they do this."},{"startTime":6899.1,"endTime":6899.3,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":6900.6,"endTime":6901.633,"body":"They should stop."},{"startTime":6902.466,"endTime":6903.199,"body":"You should stop."},{"startTime":6903.199,"endTime":6903.399,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":6904.633,"endTime":6906.433,"body":"And if you're tempted to argue back,"},{"startTime":6906.433,"endTime":6907.566,"body":"think about whether or not the"},{"startTime":6907.566,"endTime":6908.899,"body":"advertising claim is true."},{"startTime":6909.333,"endTime":6911.366,"body":"And if it is, go to hell."},{"startTime":6914.266,"endTime":6914.566,"body":"All right."},{"startTime":6916.533,"endTime":6918.166,"body":"We live in the state of Washington."},{"startTime":6918.6,"endTime":6918.8,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":6919.966,"endTime":6921.066,"body":"Shall we talk a little bit about the"},{"startTime":6921.066,"endTime":6921.933,"body":"state of Washington state?"},{"startTime":6922.466,"endTime":6924.0,"body":"The state of Washington state, yes."},{"startTime":6924.233,"endTime":6925.366,"body":"It's not what you would hope."},{"startTime":6925.966,"endTime":6926.966,"body":"No, unfortunately, it's not."},{"startTime":6926.966,"endTime":6927.666,"body":"Excuse me."},{"startTime":6929.6,"endTime":6930.333,"body":"Let's start."},{"startTime":6934.333,"endTime":6935.866,"body":"By the way, I'm going to check the"},{"startTime":6935.866,"endTime":6939.066,"body":"calculation on the fraction of the"},{"startTime":6939.066,"endTime":6940.633,"body":"Earth's sunlight that misses the Earth."},{"startTime":6940.833,"endTime":6943.066,"body":"It may be right, but I think it's a fun"},{"startTime":6943.066,"endTime":6944.433,"body":"exercise to figure out"},{"startTime":6944.433,"endTime":6945.166,"body":"whether that's right."},{"startTime":6945.166,"endTime":6946.633,"body":"And I'm going to see if I can do it."},{"startTime":6948.133,"endTime":6948.533,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":6948.533,"endTime":6951.033,"body":"I mean, it feels, it feels calculable."},{"startTime":6951.766,"endTime":6952.833,"body":"Let's put it this way."},{"startTime":6952.833,"endTime":6954.3,"body":"If the Sun was a point source."},{"startTime":6954.6,"endTime":6955.366,"body":"So just a reminder of"},{"startTime":6955.366,"endTime":6956.133,"body":"what you're talking about."},{"startTime":6956.566,"endTime":6958.699,"body":"The claim from Afflict Orbital is that"},{"startTime":6958.699,"endTime":6962.766,"body":"the Earth collects, the Earth misses like"},{"startTime":6962.766,"endTime":6965.733,"body":"22 billion some, I don't even remember"},{"startTime":6965.733,"endTime":6968.033,"body":"what the exact number was, but misses"},{"startTime":6968.033,"endTime":6969.366,"body":"some extraordinary"},{"startTime":6969.366,"endTime":6971.533,"body":"amount of the Sun's energy."},{"startTime":6972.1,"endTime":6973.533,"body":"And shouldn't we try to collect some?"},{"startTime":6973.533,"endTime":6974.233,"body":"Which it does."},{"startTime":6974.233,"endTime":6974.566,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":6974.566,"endTime":6975.899,"body":"The Sun is radiating in all directions"},{"startTime":6975.899,"endTime":6977.3,"body":"and we're only in one direction and we're"},{"startTime":6977.3,"endTime":6978.866,"body":"not very big and we're not very close."},{"startTime":6978.899,"endTime":6979.433,"body":"Exactly."},{"startTime":6979.433,"endTime":6980.033,"body":"All of those things."},{"startTime":6980.199,"endTime":6981.266,"body":"So all directions, not"},{"startTime":6981.266,"endTime":6982.366,"body":"very big, not very close."},{"startTime":6982.8,"endTime":6984.766,"body":"All those things are calculable."},{"startTime":6985.266,"endTime":6985.433,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":6985.433,"endTime":6986.566,"body":"You can calculate it."},{"startTime":6986.566,"endTime":6987.399,"body":"Let's put it this way though."},{"startTime":6987.399,"endTime":6989.466,"body":"The one thing I'm not sure how to"},{"startTime":6989.466,"endTime":6991.933,"body":"calculate is thinking about the size of"},{"startTime":6991.933,"endTime":6995.033,"body":"the Sun as a non-point source."},{"startTime":6995.966,"endTime":6997.233,"body":"That's going to be, it's going to make"},{"startTime":6997.233,"endTime":6998.166,"body":"the calculation harder."},{"startTime":6998.433,"endTime":6999.066,"body":"But anyway, I'll see"},{"startTime":6999.066,"endTime":6999.866,"body":"if I can figure it out."},{"startTime":7000.466,"endTime":7000.8,"body":"All right."},{"startTime":7001.1,"endTime":7002.0,"body":"Not right now."},{"startTime":7002.0,"endTime":7002.899,"body":"No, no, no."},{"startTime":7002.899,"endTime":7003.866,"body":"We got other stuff to do."},{"startTime":7004.233,"endTime":7004.666,"body":"State of Washington"},{"startTime":7004.666,"endTime":7006.033,"body":"State, which is here on Earth."},{"startTime":7006.433,"endTime":7008.066,"body":"I'm free."},{"startTime":7009.933,"endTime":7011.866,"body":"No, I think it's best we move on to."},{"startTime":7013.266,"endTime":7013.333,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":7013.333,"endTime":7013.533,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":7015.366,"endTime":7015.866,"body":"Let's see."},{"startTime":7017.1,"endTime":7017.566,"body":"Hold on."},{"startTime":7017.566,"endTime":7018.733,"body":"I'm not sure I'm in the right place."},{"startTime":7019.133,"endTime":7022.3,"body":"I wanted to start this discussion by"},{"startTime":7022.3,"endTime":7025.533,"body":"saying that, yeah, I guess this is where"},{"startTime":7025.533,"endTime":7026.199,"body":"I did want to start."},{"startTime":7027.0,"endTime":7027.199,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":7030.333,"endTime":7031.3,"body":"Washington State has"},{"startTime":7031.3,"endTime":7032.199,"body":"an affordability crisis."},{"startTime":7032.666,"endTime":7034.033,"body":"You can show my screen here."},{"startTime":7034.766,"endTime":7035.833,"body":"It's an executive summary"},{"startTime":7035.833,"endTime":7037.966,"body":"from some recent analysis"},{"startTime":7039.133,"endTime":7042.233,"body":"about the state of Washington ranks as"},{"startTime":7042.233,"endTime":7042.766,"body":"the fifth most"},{"startTime":7042.766,"endTime":7044.033,"body":"expensive place in the nation."},{"startTime":7045.899,"endTime":7048.3,"body":"And okay."},{"startTime":7048.5,"endTime":7049.266,"body":"Fifth most expensive."},{"startTime":7049.6,"endTime":7051.533,"body":"Turns out that's after, let's see, I'll"},{"startTime":7051.533,"endTime":7058.266,"body":"find the, we're after, um, I'm not seeing"},{"startTime":7058.266,"endTime":7059.833,"body":"the, it's like"},{"startTime":7059.833,"endTime":7062.733,"body":"California and New Jersey and DC."},{"startTime":7062.966,"endTime":7064.399,"body":"And there's one other state that's ahead"},{"startTime":7064.399,"endTime":7068.066,"body":"of us, but Washington State, the cost of"},{"startTime":7068.066,"endTime":7070.1,"body":"living, the change in the cost of living"},{"startTime":7070.1,"endTime":7072.466,"body":"is far outpacing the change in the cost"},{"startTime":7072.466,"endTime":7073.933,"body":"of living of any other state."},{"startTime":7074.699,"endTime":7076.533,"body":"And so here we have, uh,"},{"startTime":7076.533,"endTime":7077.833,"body":"Washington is in green."},{"startTime":7077.833,"endTime":7079.333,"body":"For those of you who are colorblind,"},{"startTime":7079.333,"endTime":7080.633,"body":"Bret, that's the top line."},{"startTime":7081.6,"endTime":7084.066,"body":"And it's also, you know, labeled with,"},{"startTime":7084.066,"endTime":7086.033,"body":"with letters, which doesn't affect the"},{"startTime":7086.033,"endTime":7089.866,"body":"colorblind, um, changed since 2013, uh,"},{"startTime":7090.133,"endTime":7092.0,"body":"in the relative change in regional price"},{"startTime":7092.0,"endTime":7096.033,"body":"parity, 6.1%, uh, percent here."},{"startTime":7096.733,"endTime":7097.699,"body":"And you know, California is"},{"startTime":7097.699,"endTime":7099.066,"body":"going up, but not as fast."},{"startTime":7099.066,"endTime":7100.899,"body":"Uh, Florida is actually going up some,"},{"startTime":7100.899,"endTime":7104.633,"body":"but, uh, but not, uh, you know, more"},{"startTime":7104.633,"endTime":7108.199,"body":"since 2019, uh, than California, but"},{"startTime":7108.199,"endTime":7108.933,"body":"still hasn't hit California."},{"startTime":7109.733,"endTime":7111.966,"body":"Arizona's having a bunch of weird surges"},{"startTime":7111.966,"endTime":7114.333,"body":"and then, um, you know, various other"},{"startTime":7114.333,"endTime":7115.866,"body":"states are actually going down."},{"startTime":7116.433,"endTime":7117.766,"body":"So here we go."},{"startTime":7117.766,"endTime":7119.233,"body":"Here's the, here's the list that"},{"startTime":7119.233,"endTime":7122.199,"body":"currently, according to a new analysis,"},{"startTime":7122.199,"endTime":7124.033,"body":"Washington ranks fifth most expensive in"},{"startTime":7124.033,"endTime":7126.033,"body":"the U S based on overall price levels,"},{"startTime":7126.033,"endTime":7126.366,"body":"trailing only"},{"startTime":7126.366,"endTime":7130.033,"body":"California, DC, Jersey, and Hawaii."},{"startTime":7130.833,"endTime":7131.966,"body":"And then even more concerning"},{"startTime":7131.966,"endTime":7133.699,"body":"Washington's cost of living has increased"},{"startTime":7133.699,"endTime":7134.833,"body":"faster than any other"},{"startTime":7134.833,"endTime":7136.066,"body":"state over the past decade."},{"startTime":7136.6,"endTime":7138.066,"body":"Relative prices have risen more than"},{"startTime":7138.066,"endTime":7139.733,"body":"twice as fast as in California."},{"startTime":7140.166,"endTime":7142.666,"body":"Is that because the quality of our"},{"startTime":7142.666,"endTime":7144.5,"body":"services has gotten so good?"},{"startTime":7145.233,"endTime":7148.1,"body":"Oh man, our quality of services crap."},{"startTime":7149.033,"endTime":7150.033,"body":"So it's not that then."},{"startTime":7150.266,"endTime":7150.433,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":7150.433,"endTime":7150.666,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":7150.666,"endTime":7151.699,"body":"No, it's not that."},{"startTime":7151.699,"endTime":7152.033,"body":"Unfortunately."},{"startTime":7152.666,"endTime":7154.366,"body":"Um, it's, it's, it's really, really not."},{"startTime":7154.733,"endTime":7156.933,"body":"So, uh, let's see here."},{"startTime":7157.133,"endTime":7158.433,"body":"Oh no, actually, I think if I go right"},{"startTime":7158.433,"endTime":7162.766,"body":"here, uh, Bob Ferguson, our governor,"},{"startTime":7163.633,"endTime":7166.566,"body":"this is from yesterday."},{"startTime":7167.399,"endTime":7169.633,"body":"It's time we fix our regressive tax code."},{"startTime":7169.633,"endTime":7171.333,"body":"Ferguson writes on X and address"},{"startTime":7171.333,"endTime":7172.466,"body":"affordability in our state."},{"startTime":7172.733,"endTime":7173.6,"body":"That's why I signed the"},{"startTime":7173.6,"endTime":7175.066,"body":"millionaires tax into law yesterday."},{"startTime":7175.266,"endTime":7176.899,"body":"It will provide free breakfast and lunch"},{"startTime":7176.899,"endTime":7179.399,"body":"to all K 12 students, eliminate sales tax"},{"startTime":7179.399,"endTime":7181.6,"body":"on diapers, extend the working families"},{"startTime":7181.6,"endTime":7183.899,"body":"tax credit to 460,000 households and"},{"startTime":7183.899,"endTime":7185.533,"body":"provide the largest tax break for small"},{"startTime":7185.533,"endTime":7187.066,"body":"businesses in state history."},{"startTime":7188.0,"endTime":7189.966,"body":"Who pays less than one"},{"startTime":7189.966,"endTime":7192.233,"body":"half of 1% of Washingtonians?"},{"startTime":7193.266,"endTime":7193.466,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":7194.199,"endTime":7196.633,"body":"A lot has been made of, of this."},{"startTime":7197.066,"endTime":7198.5,"body":"Uh, let me just give a little background"},{"startTime":7198.5,"endTime":7200.3,"body":"and, um, let me have my screen back so I"},{"startTime":7200.3,"endTime":7201.5,"body":"can see some of my notes here."},{"startTime":7201.866,"endTime":7202.733,"body":"Um,"},{"startTime":7203.766,"endTime":7207.266,"body":"this legislature, uh, Washington state"},{"startTime":7207.266,"endTime":7210.399,"body":"legislature passed this, uh, so-called"},{"startTime":7210.399,"endTime":7212.133,"body":"millionaires tax a couple of weeks ago."},{"startTime":7212.133,"endTime":7215.233,"body":"And, it was understood then that Ferguson"},{"startTime":7215.233,"endTime":7216.133,"body":"was promising that he"},{"startTime":7216.133,"endTime":7216.866,"body":"was going to sign it."},{"startTime":7217.766,"endTime":7220.8,"body":"And it's, I believe the 11th similar tax"},{"startTime":7220.8,"endTime":7222.966,"body":"in the nation to be passed, um, which is"},{"startTime":7222.966,"endTime":7226.466,"body":"to say an income tax that is, uh, that is"},{"startTime":7226.466,"endTime":7228.199,"body":"aimed at high earners only."},{"startTime":7228.466,"endTime":7232.0,"body":"Uh, I will say, uh, in, uh, just full"},{"startTime":7232.0,"endTime":7233.3,"body":"disclosure, this is not a"},{"startTime":7233.3,"endTime":7234.366,"body":"tax that would affect us."},{"startTime":7234.366,"endTime":7235.533,"body":"That does affect us."},{"startTime":7235.833,"endTime":7237.8,"body":"Um, it would be great if we could"},{"startTime":7237.8,"endTime":7240.066,"body":"imagine, you know, making enough that it"},{"startTime":7240.066,"endTime":7242.066,"body":"would affect us, but it doesn't yet."},{"startTime":7242.066,"endTime":7244.466,"body":"So, this is, um, that's, that's not"},{"startTime":7244.466,"endTime":7246.166,"body":"exactly where this is, where this"},{"startTime":7246.166,"endTime":7247.266,"body":"critique is coming from."},{"startTime":7248.133,"endTime":7250.266,"body":"Um, but there are several things about"},{"startTime":7250.266,"endTime":7252.766,"body":"this tax that are remarkable, especially"},{"startTime":7252.766,"endTime":7254.333,"body":"on the heels of several other things that"},{"startTime":7254.333,"endTime":7255.666,"body":"Washington state has done recently."},{"startTime":7256.0,"endTime":7261.0,"body":"So this is a 9.9% income tax on all"},{"startTime":7261.0,"endTime":7263.699,"body":"income over a million dollars in a state"},{"startTime":7263.699,"endTime":7264.533,"body":"in which it is"},{"startTime":7264.533,"endTime":7266.366,"body":"unconstitutional to have an income tax."},{"startTime":7267.1,"endTime":7269.5,"body":"Voters have over and over and over again"},{"startTime":7269.5,"endTime":7270.833,"body":"rejected referendums"},{"startTime":7270.833,"endTime":7272.066,"body":"calling for income tax."},{"startTime":7273.366,"endTime":7275.433,"body":"And, uh, and in fact, the first foray"},{"startTime":7275.433,"endTime":7277.733,"body":"that the state made into what has widely"},{"startTime":7277.733,"endTime":7279.133,"body":"been understood to be another kind of"},{"startTime":7279.133,"endTime":7280.766,"body":"income tax, which is the capital gains"},{"startTime":7280.766,"endTime":7282.666,"body":"tax, which was voted in a couple of years"},{"startTime":7282.666,"endTime":7286.699,"body":"ago, uh, was snuck in on the basis that"},{"startTime":7286.699,"endTime":7288.333,"body":"instead of calling it an income tax,"},{"startTime":7288.333,"endTime":7290.5,"body":"which it patently is because some people"},{"startTime":7290.5,"endTime":7292.1,"body":"make their money through capital gains"},{"startTime":7292.1,"endTime":7294.466,"body":"rather than W2 salaries, uh, was by"},{"startTime":7294.466,"endTime":7295.833,"body":"calling it an excise tax,"},{"startTime":7295.833,"endTime":7297.199,"body":"which is a tax on transactions."},{"startTime":7297.566,"endTime":7299.666,"body":"That's just a semantic game, right?"},{"startTime":7299.666,"endTime":7301.266,"body":"They are, they are just playing semantic"},{"startTime":7301.266,"endTime":7302.866,"body":"games in order to collect more of our"},{"startTime":7302.866,"endTime":7304.933,"body":"money, which, you know, to your earlier"},{"startTime":7304.933,"endTime":7307.1,"body":"question, well, at least they must, we"},{"startTime":7307.1,"endTime":7309.266,"body":"must live in the best state in the union."},{"startTime":7309.266,"endTime":7310.966,"body":"Our cost of living is going up twice as"},{"startTime":7310.966,"endTime":7312.166,"body":"fast as California's."},{"startTime":7312.166,"endTime":7313.166,"body":"We are already the fifth"},{"startTime":7313.166,"endTime":7314.466,"body":"most expensive place to live."},{"startTime":7314.833,"endTime":7317.166,"body":"We must have the best schools, the best"},{"startTime":7317.166,"endTime":7319.566,"body":"roads, the best infrastructure, the best"},{"startTime":7319.566,"endTime":7321.066,"body":"fairies, the best everything."},{"startTime":7321.066,"endTime":7322.399,"body":"Well, no, and we'll get to that."},{"startTime":7322.399,"endTime":7324.566,"body":"But first let's talk about the revenue."},{"startTime":7325.233,"endTime":7329.333,"body":"So we went from being a state with zero"},{"startTime":7329.333,"endTime":7331.466,"body":"income tax, because that is what is"},{"startTime":7331.6,"endTime":7333.433,"body":"constitutionally required to a state that"},{"startTime":7333.433,"endTime":7335.066,"body":"is now starting in a couple of years,"},{"startTime":7335.066,"endTime":7337.966,"body":"going to have a 9.9% income tax on high"},{"startTime":7337.966,"endTime":7340.166,"body":"earners, on people making only on the"},{"startTime":7340.166,"endTime":7340.899,"body":"amount of money that you"},{"startTime":7340.899,"endTime":7342.133,"body":"make after your first million."},{"startTime":7343.566,"endTime":7347.466,"body":"But a few things, um, no one imagines"},{"startTime":7347.466,"endTime":7349.266,"body":"that it's going to stop there, that that"},{"startTime":7349.266,"endTime":7353.866,"body":"$1 million income cap or income limit is,"},{"startTime":7353.866,"endTime":7354.866,"body":"is where it's going to end."},{"startTime":7354.866,"endTime":7357.133,"body":"And indeed already within the same ledge"},{"startTime":7357.133,"endTime":7360.333,"body":"session, there has been a suggestion to"},{"startTime":7360.333,"endTime":7361.933,"body":"lower that number to a hundred."},{"startTime":7361.933,"endTime":7364.766,"body":"I've seen either 125,000 or 135,000."},{"startTime":7365.166,"endTime":7365.766,"body":"So all right."},{"startTime":7365.766,"endTime":7367.899,"body":"Now that's one random progressive dude in"},{"startTime":7367.899,"endTime":7369.6,"body":"Olympia who's proposing that, but he's in"},{"startTime":7369.6,"endTime":7371.8,"body":"the legislature and this is a very blue"},{"startTime":7371.8,"endTime":7374.966,"body":"state with, you know, a lot of history in"},{"startTime":7374.966,"endTime":7377.566,"body":"let's collect as much tax money as we can"},{"startTime":7377.566,"endTime":7379.6,"body":"and let's do as little as possible in"},{"startTime":7379.6,"endTime":7381.5,"body":"terms of offering services and goods to"},{"startTime":7381.5,"endTime":7381.966,"body":"the people of"},{"startTime":7381.966,"endTime":7383.233,"body":"Washington as we possibly can."},{"startTime":7384.666,"endTime":7385.8,"body":"We also have,"},{"startTime":7386.866,"endTime":7389.366,"body":"with regard to this tax, it is, it has a"},{"startTime":7389.366,"endTime":7391.8,"body":"marriage penalty and exactly as you might"},{"startTime":7391.8,"endTime":7393.199,"body":"expect for the West coast, right?"},{"startTime":7393.199,"endTime":7396.166,"body":"We are going to discourage monogamy and"},{"startTime":7396.166,"endTime":7397.533,"body":"fidelity and stability and"},{"startTime":7397.533,"endTime":7399.3,"body":"loyalty, because why not?"},{"startTime":7399.3,"endTime":7400.0,"body":"It's a twofer."},{"startTime":7400.0,"endTime":7401.766,"body":"We can tax rich people and we can"},{"startTime":7401.766,"endTime":7402.566,"body":"discourage marriage."},{"startTime":7402.899,"endTime":7404.066,"body":"What do I mean by a marriage penalty?"},{"startTime":7404.699,"endTime":7407.933,"body":"Whereas some of the other states that"},{"startTime":7407.933,"endTime":7410.166,"body":"have income taxes on high earners like"},{"startTime":7410.166,"endTime":7412.699,"body":"California and New York, there's a"},{"startTime":7412.699,"endTime":7413.866,"body":"number, call it a"},{"startTime":7413.866,"endTime":7414.833,"body":"million, usually it's a million."},{"startTime":7415.433,"endTime":7417.366,"body":"And if you make over a million and your"},{"startTime":7417.366,"endTime":7418.766,"body":"spouse makes over a million,"},{"startTime":7419.199,"endTime":7420.833,"body":"the over a million is taxed."},{"startTime":7421.466,"endTime":7425.466,"body":"But if you make over a million and your"},{"startTime":7425.466,"endTime":7428.166,"body":"spouse makes less than a million and the"},{"startTime":7428.166,"endTime":7430.066,"body":"total is less than two million, you're"},{"startTime":7430.066,"endTime":7430.966,"body":"not taxed because"},{"startTime":7430.966,"endTime":7432.5,"body":"you're two people, right?"},{"startTime":7434.733,"endTime":7437.133,"body":"In Washington, according to this new tax,"},{"startTime":7437.366,"endTime":7438.966,"body":"as well as in Massachusetts and at least"},{"startTime":7438.966,"endTime":7440.066,"body":"one other state that has these"},{"startTime":7440.066,"endTime":7440.833,"body":"millionaire taxes,"},{"startTime":7441.1,"endTime":7442.166,"body":"there's a marriage penalty."},{"startTime":7442.166,"endTime":7446.833,"body":"That one million number goes to you if"},{"startTime":7446.833,"endTime":7448.566,"body":"you are a single person or if you are a"},{"startTime":7448.566,"endTime":7451.666,"body":"couple, which means that high income"},{"startTime":7451.666,"endTime":7455.433,"body":"earning dual income couples who are not"},{"startTime":7455.433,"endTime":7459.266,"body":"by most metrics exceedingly rich may well"},{"startTime":7459.266,"endTime":7460.866,"body":"get taxed now because"},{"startTime":7460.866,"endTime":7463.833,"body":"they're married, right?"},{"startTime":7463.833,"endTime":7465.6,"body":"There is a benefit to getting divorced"},{"startTime":7465.6,"endTime":7467.166,"body":"for a number of upper middle"},{"startTime":7467.166,"endTime":7468.633,"body":"class people under this tax."},{"startTime":7469.5,"endTime":7470.933,"body":"And this tax has been compared to what's"},{"startTime":7470.933,"endTime":7471.833,"body":"happening in Massachusetts,"},{"startTime":7472.233,"endTime":7475.433,"body":"which several years ago imposed a"},{"startTime":7476.566,"endTime":7480.366,"body":"high earner marginal tax of 4% on top of"},{"startTime":7480.366,"endTime":7483.366,"body":"their base rate of 5%, which is a very"},{"startTime":7483.366,"endTime":7484.033,"body":"different situation."},{"startTime":7484.6,"endTime":7486.399,"body":"They still have a total income tax that's"},{"startTime":7486.399,"endTime":7487.433,"body":"similar to what"},{"startTime":7487.433,"endTime":7488.733,"body":"Washington states is going to be."},{"startTime":7488.733,"endTime":7490.566,"body":"They have 9% total for high earners and"},{"startTime":7490.566,"endTime":7492.8,"body":"we're going to have a 9.9% for high"},{"startTime":7492.8,"endTime":7494.5,"body":"earners above a million only."},{"startTime":7495.3,"endTime":7497.466,"body":"But there was already a tax rate of 5%."},{"startTime":7498.133,"endTime":7500.133,"body":"And so they're one of the arguments that"},{"startTime":7500.133,"endTime":7503.466,"body":"has been made by sociologists and"},{"startTime":7503.466,"endTime":7504.966,"body":"economists who say there's not going to"},{"startTime":7504.966,"endTime":7506.966,"body":"be any movement away from Washington as a"},{"startTime":7506.966,"endTime":7508.333,"body":"result of this because look what happened"},{"startTime":7508.333,"endTime":7508.966,"body":"in Massachusetts,"},{"startTime":7509.366,"endTime":7510.433,"body":"millionaires didn't move."},{"startTime":7511.133,"endTime":7512.833,"body":"Well, millionaires suddenly had an"},{"startTime":7512.833,"endTime":7516.333,"body":"additional 4% in Massachusetts and in"},{"startTime":7516.333,"endTime":7519.166,"body":"Washington, millionaires, all of the"},{"startTime":7519.166,"endTime":7520.6,"body":"income above a million are going to be"},{"startTime":7520.6,"endTime":7522.766,"body":"taxed at about 10%, which is a pretty"},{"startTime":7522.766,"endTime":7523.699,"body":"substantial difference."},{"startTime":7524.633,"endTime":7524.833,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":7525.199,"endTime":7528.0,"body":"And of course, there's a"},{"startTime":7528.0,"endTime":7530.566,"body":"question about what motivates it."},{"startTime":7530.8,"endTime":7532.766,"body":"There's a question about what its real"},{"startTime":7532.766,"endTime":7534.366,"body":"effect is going to be."},{"startTime":7534.8,"endTime":7537.433,"body":"And one of the things that is clear is A,"},{"startTime":7537.433,"endTime":7539.699,"body":"there is a desire, you know, they've now"},{"startTime":7539.699,"endTime":7543.233,"body":"broken through a forbidden"},{"startTime":7543.233,"endTime":7547.233,"body":"barrier to the income tax."},{"startTime":7547.6,"endTime":7549.433,"body":"So now the point is income tax is a thing"},{"startTime":7549.433,"endTime":7550.766,"body":"and now we can juggle around what the"},{"startTime":7550.766,"endTime":7553.066,"body":"income tax applies to and the threshold"},{"startTime":7553.066,"endTime":7555.566,"body":"can be moved towards regular folks."},{"startTime":7556.5,"endTime":7559.333,"body":"But the point is for really high earners,"},{"startTime":7559.333,"endTime":7561.899,"body":"this is going to drive them out because"},{"startTime":7561.899,"endTime":7564.266,"body":"it makes it very difficult to"},{"startTime":7566.633,"endTime":7570.566,"body":"it's, you know, it's an arbitrary cost of"},{"startTime":7570.566,"endTime":7572.566,"body":"continuing to live here and there are"},{"startTime":7572.566,"endTime":7573.533,"body":"other places you can live."},{"startTime":7573.933,"endTime":7578.633,"body":"So well, so they listened to a little NPR"},{"startTime":7578.633,"endTime":7582.833,"body":"podcast today that was purporting to"},{"startTime":7583.266,"endTime":7585.433,"body":"assess to look at this question."},{"startTime":7586.033,"endTime":7587.866,"body":"And I don't have it linked here."},{"startTime":7587.866,"endTime":7589.199,"body":"I can put it in the show notes."},{"startTime":7589.833,"endTime":7591.533,"body":"But they're interviewing a sociologist"},{"startTime":7591.533,"endTime":7593.033,"body":"from somewhere on the East Coast."},{"startTime":7593.033,"endTime":7595.3,"body":"He's written a book who specializes in"},{"startTime":7595.3,"endTime":7596.166,"body":"demillionaire taxes"},{"startTime":7596.166,"endTime":7597.433,"body":"actually cause people to move."},{"startTime":7598.266,"endTime":7599.133,"body":"And he has access to"},{"startTime":7599.133,"endTime":7600.366,"body":"all this IRS tax data."},{"startTime":7600.866,"endTime":7602.666,"body":"And he says no, but of course, we don't"},{"startTime":7602.666,"endTime":7603.733,"body":"have access to his analysis."},{"startTime":7604.266,"endTime":7607.533,"body":"So, you know, we I can't say, you know,"},{"startTime":7607.533,"endTime":7609.033,"body":"how good his analysis is."},{"startTime":7609.833,"endTime":7610.966,"body":"And, you know, one of the points that he"},{"startTime":7610.966,"endTime":7613.3,"body":"makes that I think is a reasonable one is"},{"startTime":7613.3,"endTime":7617.766,"body":"that once you have created a life and a"},{"startTime":7617.766,"endTime":7620.199,"body":"business in a place that has all of your"},{"startTime":7620.199,"endTime":7621.633,"body":"community around you, but not just all"},{"startTime":7621.633,"endTime":7622.8,"body":"your personal community, but all your"},{"startTime":7622.8,"endTime":7624.699,"body":"business community around you, it's not"},{"startTime":7624.699,"endTime":7626.766,"body":"necessarily easy to pull up stakes and"},{"startTime":7626.766,"endTime":7628.866,"body":"just and just move to a new place."},{"startTime":7628.866,"endTime":7630.533,"body":"And, you know, he argues that look that,"},{"startTime":7630.533,"endTime":7631.766,"body":"you know, the poor are actually more"},{"startTime":7631.766,"endTime":7634.366,"body":"mobile than the rich because the poor"},{"startTime":7634.366,"endTime":7637.033,"body":"have less keeping them to a place, which"},{"startTime":7637.033,"endTime":7637.866,"body":"in terms of the sheer"},{"startTime":7637.866,"endTime":7639.0,"body":"numbers might be right."},{"startTime":7639.266,"endTime":7642.066,"body":"But what, you know, a few things are 100%"},{"startTime":7642.366,"endTime":7645.133,"body":"true that when people are imagining or"},{"startTime":7645.133,"endTime":7646.633,"body":"when people are thinking about like,"},{"startTime":7646.633,"endTime":7648.766,"body":"okay, I've, you know, I'm the next"},{"startTime":7648.766,"endTime":7650.966,"body":"reflect orbital people, God forbid, and"},{"startTime":7650.966,"endTime":7651.966,"body":"I'm looking for a place"},{"startTime":7651.966,"endTime":7653.633,"body":"to go and have my startup."},{"startTime":7654.366,"endTime":7657.0,"body":"Am I now going to move to a state in 10"},{"startTime":7657.0,"endTime":7659.433,"body":"years ago, Washington was understood to"},{"startTime":7659.433,"endTime":7661.066,"body":"be especially compared to the other West"},{"startTime":7661.066,"endTime":7662.766,"body":"Coast states, but really across the board"},{"startTime":7662.766,"endTime":7665.5,"body":"and a remarkable place for business"},{"startTime":7665.5,"endTime":7667.266,"body":"because it had no capital"},{"startTime":7667.266,"endTime":7669.166,"body":"gains taxes and no income taxes."},{"startTime":7669.533,"endTime":7670.666,"body":"And our BNO taxes, our"},{"startTime":7670.666,"endTime":7672.333,"body":"business taxes are weird."},{"startTime":7672.333,"endTime":7673.566,"body":"And I'll get to that in a moment, like"},{"startTime":7673.566,"endTime":7675.166,"body":"they're, they're a little bit, they're"},{"startTime":7675.166,"endTime":7677.266,"body":"strangely punitive, but they're pretty"},{"startTime":7677.266,"endTime":7678.566,"body":"low compared to what a"},{"startTime":7678.566,"endTime":7679.666,"body":"lot of other states do."},{"startTime":7680.533,"endTime":7681.733,"body":"Not, you know, but they're not changing."},{"startTime":7681.733,"endTime":7682.733,"body":"Like we're not, we're not getting rid of"},{"startTime":7682.733,"endTime":7683.766,"body":"those because of the new taxes."},{"startTime":7683.766,"endTime":7684.566,"body":"They're just, you know,"},{"startTime":7684.566,"endTime":7685.899,"body":"adding on to the other ones."},{"startTime":7686.733,"endTime":7690.166,"body":"But if you were a startup in, you know,"},{"startTime":7690.466,"endTime":7694.766,"body":"1998 or 2008 or 2018, you might well have"},{"startTime":7694.766,"endTime":7696.233,"body":"looked at Washington because there's a"},{"startTime":7696.233,"endTime":7698.733,"body":"great tech sector, there's great food."},{"startTime":7699.399,"endTime":7701.0,"body":"In August, the weather is fantastic."},{"startTime":7701.866,"endTime":7702.833,"body":"And you know, there are all sorts of"},{"startTime":7702.833,"endTime":7704.266,"body":"other reasons to be here."},{"startTime":7704.266,"endTime":7707.766,"body":"But you don't decide to come to"},{"startTime":7707.766,"endTime":7709.666,"body":"Washington at this point, given that"},{"startTime":7709.666,"endTime":7711.966,"body":"there are now both extraordinarily high"},{"startTime":7711.966,"endTime":7715.266,"body":"capital gains taxes and high income taxes"},{"startTime":7715.266,"endTime":7718.166,"body":"for income over a million in an"},{"startTime":7718.166,"endTime":7720.033,"body":"environment when literally 10 years ago"},{"startTime":7720.033,"endTime":7722.066,"body":"there were neither, it was zero for both."},{"startTime":7722.5,"endTime":7724.8,"body":"And that is a radical change that like,"},{"startTime":7724.8,"endTime":7726.266,"body":"that is one of the things that I think is"},{"startTime":7726.266,"endTime":7728.533,"body":"missing from the conversations that the"},{"startTime":7728.533,"endTime":7731.466,"body":"just the turning on a dime into a state"},{"startTime":7731.466,"endTime":7735.899,"body":"that penalizes all the ways of generating"},{"startTime":7735.899,"endTime":7740.5,"body":"revenue is of course going"},{"startTime":7740.5,"endTime":7741.666,"body":"to drive some people away."},{"startTime":7742.233,"endTime":7745.266,"body":"You know, some sociologists work on IRS"},{"startTime":7745.266,"endTime":7747.366,"body":"data notwithstanding, but definitely"},{"startTime":7747.366,"endTime":7749.933,"body":"affect people as they decide where to"},{"startTime":7749.933,"endTime":7751.166,"body":"move their startup to,"},{"startTime":7751.366,"endTime":7752.466,"body":"where to start their startup."},{"startTime":7752.466,"endTime":7756.266,"body":"At worst, it just simply"},{"startTime":7756.266,"endTime":7758.133,"body":"slows down the same process."},{"startTime":7758.566,"endTime":7760.566,"body":"And the point is some people are going to"},{"startTime":7760.566,"endTime":7762.533,"body":"move, even though it's difficult."},{"startTime":7762.533,"endTime":7764.733,"body":"And even in that analysis from NPR, the"},{"startTime":7764.733,"endTime":7766.433,"body":"point is, oh, what you're really saying"},{"startTime":7766.433,"endTime":7770.166,"body":"is having a business traps you under our"},{"startTime":7770.166,"endTime":7771.533,"body":"punitive tax regime."},{"startTime":7772.0,"endTime":7772.199,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":7772.266,"endTime":7772.8,"body":"Well, so"},{"startTime":7774.166,"endTime":7775.899,"body":"trying to be trying to steel man it."},{"startTime":7777.866,"endTime":7779.866,"body":"People who create businesses in places"},{"startTime":7779.866,"endTime":7782.433,"body":"that are traditional businesses have"},{"startTime":7782.433,"endTime":7784.533,"body":"facilities, have staff, have employees,"},{"startTime":7784.533,"endTime":7787.033,"body":"have all sorts of stuff around them that"},{"startTime":7787.033,"endTime":7787.933,"body":"makes it hard to move."},{"startTime":7788.233,"endTime":7788.433,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":7788.5,"endTime":7790.066,"body":"And where you have been successful as we"},{"startTime":7790.066,"endTime":7791.366,"body":"will continue to be successful,"},{"startTime":7791.366,"endTime":7793.433,"body":"successful and picking up stakes and"},{"startTime":7793.433,"endTime":7795.466,"body":"moving, if you've got any sort of"},{"startTime":7795.466,"endTime":7796.633,"body":"infrastructure and"},{"startTime":7796.633,"endTime":7799.066,"body":"personnel is, is very difficult."},{"startTime":7799.266,"endTime":7799.466,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":7799.666,"endTime":7801.699,"body":"And this is exactly what I'm saying is"},{"startTime":7801.699,"endTime":7805.133,"body":"that statement from NPR is equivalent to"},{"startTime":7805.133,"endTime":7807.3,"body":"saying these people are trapped by the"},{"startTime":7807.3,"endTime":7807.933,"body":"fact that what they"},{"startTime":7807.933,"endTime":7809.333,"body":"have is difficult to move."},{"startTime":7810.266,"endTime":7811.766,"body":"So that only goes so far."},{"startTime":7812.166,"endTime":7816.899,"body":"If you have a high tax rate that"},{"startTime":7816.899,"endTime":7820.366,"body":"basically is a, you know, a weight on the"},{"startTime":7820.366,"endTime":7823.433,"body":"ankle of any business here, that weight"},{"startTime":7823.433,"endTime":7824.6,"body":"can only get so large"},{"startTime":7824.6,"endTime":7826.133,"body":"before people will move."},{"startTime":7826.766,"endTime":7829.433,"body":"But if at the same time, and I must say"},{"startTime":7829.433,"endTime":7831.566,"body":"the thing that is most galling about this"},{"startTime":7832.166,"endTime":7835.566,"body":"is our services are"},{"startTime":7835.566,"endTime":7838.066,"body":"absolutely crappy and poorly managed."},{"startTime":7838.333,"endTime":7843.1,"body":"And so the idea that at one level, not"},{"startTime":7843.1,"endTime":7845.533,"body":"only are we among the most expensive"},{"startTime":7845.533,"endTime":7849.633,"body":"places to live at the level of taxation,"},{"startTime":7850.333,"endTime":7853.966,"body":"but the rate we are now outpacing others"},{"startTime":7853.966,"endTime":7857.066,"body":"at the rate at which our taxation rate is"},{"startTime":7857.066,"endTime":7858.933,"body":"going up at the very same time."},{"startTime":7858.966,"endTime":7859.833,"body":"But not"},{"startTime":7859.833,"endTime":7861.333,"body":"only that, but also just the cost of"},{"startTime":7861.333,"endTime":7863.866,"body":"living to the first graph that I showed."},{"startTime":7864.333,"endTime":7866.433,"body":"So cost of living through the roof taxes"},{"startTime":7866.433,"endTime":7868.0,"body":"on all sorts of things."},{"startTime":7868.0,"endTime":7869.666,"body":"We didn't give up one tax for another."},{"startTime":7869.666,"endTime":7870.866,"body":"We're just adding new taxes"},{"startTime":7870.866,"endTime":7872.666,"body":"and adjusting the way they work."},{"startTime":7873.066,"endTime":7875.233,"body":"But at the same time, it's like a finger"},{"startTime":7875.233,"endTime":7878.066,"body":"in our eye that our problem with"},{"startTime":7878.066,"endTime":7880.399,"body":"homelessness and crappy roads and ferries"},{"startTime":7880.399,"endTime":7882.666,"body":"that are long overdue for being replaced,"},{"startTime":7883.133,"endTime":7884.8,"body":"all of this stuff, where"},{"startTime":7884.8,"endTime":7886.3,"body":"is the freaking money going?"},{"startTime":7886.333,"endTime":7887.1,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":7887.1,"endTime":7889.666,"body":"Honestly, this would not be an issue for"},{"startTime":7889.666,"endTime":7893.066,"body":"most of us if the place was well managed,"},{"startTime":7893.066,"endTime":7894.566,"body":"but it's almost like it's being"},{"startTime":7894.566,"endTime":7897.066,"body":"deliberately mismanaged at the same time"},{"startTime":7897.066,"endTime":7898.733,"body":"that we're seeing punitive taxation."},{"startTime":7898.966,"endTime":7899.933,"body":"And the combination of"},{"startTime":7899.933,"endTime":7901.533,"body":"those two things is galling."},{"startTime":7901.933,"endTime":7902.133,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":7902.566,"endTime":7903.933,"body":"So let's just go through a"},{"startTime":7903.933,"endTime":7905.133,"body":"little bit more of the taxes."},{"startTime":7905.566,"endTime":7905.899,"body":"One more thing."},{"startTime":7905.899,"endTime":7907.366,"body":"I just want to finish the point about"},{"startTime":7907.366,"endTime":7909.033,"body":"what happens if you do this."},{"startTime":7909.033,"endTime":7910.8,"body":"If you stop businesses from starting"},{"startTime":7910.8,"endTime":7912.699,"body":"here, and if you drive people so that"},{"startTime":7912.733,"endTime":7915.133,"body":"they move elsewhere, even though it's"},{"startTime":7915.133,"endTime":7917.233,"body":"difficult to do, then the point is the"},{"startTime":7917.233,"endTime":7919.933,"body":"tax base dries up, which then forces you"},{"startTime":7919.933,"endTime":7920.899,"body":"to become even more"},{"startTime":7920.899,"endTime":7922.533,"body":"predatory for the people who stayed."},{"startTime":7923.1,"endTime":7924.433,"body":"And that's really the thing, right?"},{"startTime":7924.699,"endTime":7926.5,"body":"They're setting themselves up so that"},{"startTime":7926.5,"endTime":7928.066,"body":"they have to go after more and more"},{"startTime":7928.066,"endTime":7929.566,"body":"people because the people who are"},{"startTime":7929.566,"endTime":7930.466,"body":"starting new businesses"},{"startTime":7930.466,"endTime":7931.933,"body":"are not going to do it here."},{"startTime":7932.399,"endTime":7934.566,"body":"And that means, you know, basically my"},{"startTime":7934.566,"endTime":7937.066,"body":"point is if you actually cared about the"},{"startTime":7937.066,"endTime":7939.333,"body":"values that these Democrats claim to care"},{"startTime":7939.333,"endTime":7941.399,"body":"about, then you have to think about what"},{"startTime":7941.399,"endTime":7943.533,"body":"actually generates the most tax revenue."},{"startTime":7944.0,"endTime":7947.6,"body":"You don't want a punitive taxation scheme"},{"startTime":7947.6,"endTime":7950.266,"body":"because what you really want is wealth to"},{"startTime":7950.266,"endTime":7952.1,"body":"be created that you then tax."},{"startTime":7952.566,"endTime":7954.333,"body":"And the point is you want people to start"},{"startTime":7954.333,"endTime":7956.333,"body":"businesses here and making it"},{"startTime":7956.333,"endTime":7958.866,"body":"inhospitable is like cutting off your"},{"startTime":7958.866,"endTime":7959.833,"body":"nose, despite your face."},{"startTime":7960.1,"endTime":7960.333,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":7960.333,"endTime":7962.533,"body":"And so to that point, I'm going to come"},{"startTime":7962.533,"endTime":7963.866,"body":"back to the capital gains and the estate"},{"startTime":7963.866,"endTime":7965.933,"body":"taxes, the B\u0026O taxes, which I mentioned,"},{"startTime":7965.933,"endTime":7967.466,"body":"which are the business taxes."},{"startTime":7968.899,"endTime":7970.933,"body":"When we moved here from Oregon and we"},{"startTime":7970.933,"endTime":7973.233,"body":"lived in Portland and in Multnomah County"},{"startTime":7973.266,"endTime":7974.633,"body":"and in Oregon, and we"},{"startTime":7974.633,"endTime":7976.166,"body":"had incredibly high taxes."},{"startTime":7976.466,"endTime":7978.399,"body":"And so when we moved here four years ago"},{"startTime":7978.399,"endTime":7980.8,"body":"from Portland, Oregon, our"},{"startTime":7980.8,"endTime":7982.466,"body":"taxes went down substantially."},{"startTime":7983.833,"endTime":7987.433,"body":"And in part because Washington still was"},{"startTime":7988.166,"endTime":7991.433,"body":"priding itself on being a place that was"},{"startTime":7991.433,"endTime":7993.466,"body":"good for small businesses."},{"startTime":7994.733,"endTime":7997.733,"body":"But I remember figuring that our"},{"startTime":7998.0,"endTime":7999.533,"body":"bookkeepers were making mistakes."},{"startTime":8000.433,"endTime":8003.633,"body":"And when I was seeing the B\u0026O taxes"},{"startTime":8003.633,"endTime":8005.033,"body":"coming through every month, I was like,"},{"startTime":8005.166,"endTime":8006.899,"body":"\"This doesn't make any sense."},{"startTime":8006.899,"endTime":8008.8,"body":"Why are we paying tax on all of this,"},{"startTime":8009.033,"endTime":8010.566,"body":"given that we had all of these expenses?"},{"startTime":8012.666,"endTime":8014.199,"body":"Surely you've made an error."},{"startTime":8014.766,"endTime":8016.699,"body":"You're calculating our tax based on our"},{"startTime":8016.699,"endTime":8018.966,"body":"gross income as opposed to our net income"},{"startTime":8018.966,"endTime":8020.033,"body":"after all of our expenses.\""},{"startTime":8020.633,"endTime":8022.633,"body":"Well, that's how B\u0026O tax in Washington is"},{"startTime":8022.633,"endTime":8023.966,"body":"actually assessed, believe it or not."},{"startTime":8023.966,"endTime":8025.199,"body":"I can't even say it with a straight face."},{"startTime":8025.566,"endTime":8029.133,"body":"It's assessed on gross, which means that"},{"startTime":8029.133,"endTime":8031.766,"body":"rather than net, which means that a"},{"startTime":8031.766,"endTime":8033.533,"body":"business with small margins, an early"},{"startTime":8033.533,"endTime":8035.699,"body":"business, a restaurant, any early"},{"startTime":8035.699,"endTime":8038.033,"body":"business where they're probably putting a"},{"startTime":8038.033,"endTime":8038.966,"body":"lot in and they don't"},{"startTime":8038.966,"endTime":8040.533,"body":"expect to be making much yet."},{"startTime":8040.533,"endTime":8041.6,"body":"And they're just hoping that they can get"},{"startTime":8041.6,"endTime":8043.0,"body":"to that point and maybe it's six months"},{"startTime":8043.0,"endTime":8044.533,"body":"down the road or two years down the road,"},{"startTime":8044.566,"endTime":8046.766,"body":"but they have enough built in that they"},{"startTime":8046.766,"endTime":8049.433,"body":"can make it work as long as they start"},{"startTime":8049.433,"endTime":8050.3,"body":"making a profit by"},{"startTime":8050.333,"endTime":8051.6,"body":"some point in the future."},{"startTime":8052.433,"endTime":8055.333,"body":"As soon as they make any profit at all,"},{"startTime":8055.666,"endTime":8059.066,"body":"they are paying the same tax rate on"},{"startTime":8059.066,"endTime":8061.866,"body":"those profits as someone who was entirely"},{"startTime":8061.866,"endTime":8063.533,"body":"profit, who had no expenses whatsoever."},{"startTime":8064.1,"endTime":8065.833,"body":"Which means that your taxes in the state"},{"startTime":8065.833,"endTime":8067.633,"body":"of Washington, your business taxes can"},{"startTime":8067.633,"endTime":8069.566,"body":"actually not just eat up all your"},{"startTime":8069.566,"endTime":8070.933,"body":"profits, they can actually send you into"},{"startTime":8070.933,"endTime":8072.233,"body":"the red at the point that you finally"},{"startTime":8072.233,"endTime":8073.233,"body":"started being in the black."},{"startTime":8073.699,"endTime":8075.333,"body":"So again, the BNO taxes"},{"startTime":8075.333,"endTime":8077.066,"body":"aren't a super high rate."},{"startTime":8077.066,"endTime":8077.866,"body":"They're slightly variable"},{"startTime":8077.866,"endTime":8078.866,"body":"and they are going up too."},{"startTime":8078.866,"endTime":8079.533,"body":"Like that's a new thing."},{"startTime":8079.533,"endTime":8080.333,"body":"They're also going up,"},{"startTime":8080.333,"endTime":8081.899,"body":"but they're not that high."},{"startTime":8082.133,"endTime":8083.333,"body":"But the fact that they're on gross"},{"startTime":8083.333,"endTime":8084.066,"body":"receipts rather than"},{"startTime":8084.066,"endTime":8085.766,"body":"net is extraordinary."},{"startTime":8086.066,"endTime":8086.966,"body":"They're higher than they look."},{"startTime":8086.966,"endTime":8088.033,"body":"They're higher than they look."},{"startTime":8088.566,"endTime":8091.633,"body":"And they specifically penalize businesses"},{"startTime":8091.633,"endTime":8094.366,"body":"with slim profit margins, which is to say"},{"startTime":8094.366,"endTime":8096.733,"body":"small businesses and young businesses."},{"startTime":8097.433,"endTime":8099.033,"body":"And this is why when I was reading"},{"startTime":8099.033,"endTime":8100.833,"body":"Governor Ferguson's tweet and he said,"},{"startTime":8100.833,"endTime":8101.066,"body":"\"You know, we're going"},{"startTime":8101.066,"endTime":8101.866,"body":"to help small businesses.\""},{"startTime":8102.1,"endTime":8103.766,"body":"No, no, you are not."},{"startTime":8104.3,"endTime":8105.6,"body":"You are absolutely not."},{"startTime":8105.6,"endTime":8107.033,"body":"There is no way that this"},{"startTime":8107.033,"endTime":8108.133,"body":"is helping small businesses."},{"startTime":8109.199,"endTime":8111.266,"body":"So sales taxes are also"},{"startTime":8111.266,"endTime":8112.933,"body":"expanding in the state."},{"startTime":8112.933,"endTime":8114.3,"body":"They're already very, very high."},{"startTime":8114.3,"endTime":8117.3,"body":"Sales taxes, apparently the new income"},{"startTime":8117.3,"endTime":8118.833,"body":"tax is going to relieve, what was it?"},{"startTime":8118.833,"endTime":8119.533,"body":"Sales tax on diapers?"},{"startTime":8120.033,"endTime":8120.233,"body":"Great."},{"startTime":8120.633,"endTime":8120.833,"body":"Thanks."},{"startTime":8121.699,"endTime":8122.899,"body":"But now it's going to, you know, except"},{"startTime":8122.899,"endTime":8124.199,"body":"for diapers, there's going to be sales"},{"startTime":8124.199,"endTime":8125.733,"body":"tax on things as there always have been,"},{"startTime":8125.733,"endTime":8126.533,"body":"but also now services."},{"startTime":8127.466,"endTime":8128.166,"body":"Sales tax on services"},{"startTime":8128.166,"endTime":8129.566,"body":"now as well, which is new."},{"startTime":8130.566,"endTime":8131.033,"body":"That's huge."},{"startTime":8131.433,"endTime":8131.666,"body":"Yep."},{"startTime":8131.666,"endTime":8133.166,"body":"The estate tax is near or"},{"startTime":8133.166,"endTime":8134.166,"body":"at the highest in the nation."},{"startTime":8134.466,"endTime":8137.033,"body":"It's actually just been dropped a little"},{"startTime":8137.033,"endTime":8138.833,"body":"bit, but the tiered estate tax begins at"},{"startTime":8138.833,"endTime":8141.266,"body":"10% and the top rate is 35%"},{"startTime":8141.666,"endTime":8142.699,"body":"in the state of Washington."},{"startTime":8143.399,"endTime":8143.666,"body":"35%."},{"startTime":8144.266,"endTime":8145.133,"body":"That is huge."},{"startTime":8145.766,"endTime":8147.766,"body":"And then capital gains tax, which was"},{"startTime":8147.766,"endTime":8151.233,"body":"brand new in 2022, is 7%"},{"startTime":8151.233,"endTime":8152.466,"body":"for gains under a million."},{"startTime":8152.766,"endTime":8153.933,"body":"And again, that 9.9%"},{"startTime":8154.199,"endTime":8155.633,"body":"number for gains over a million."},{"startTime":8156.533,"endTime":8157.966,"body":"And again, this was, I've said this"},{"startTime":8157.966,"endTime":8159.733,"body":"already, but this was the first foray"},{"startTime":8159.733,"endTime":8161.433,"body":"into an income tax for the state of"},{"startTime":8161.433,"endTime":8162.766,"body":"Washington in which they started playing"},{"startTime":8162.766,"endTime":8164.133,"body":"around, playing a little semantic games"},{"startTime":8164.133,"endTime":8165.733,"body":"like, \"Oh, that's not an income tax."},{"startTime":8165.733,"endTime":8167.033,"body":"That's a transaction tax.\""},{"startTime":8168.3,"endTime":8168.699,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":8168.966,"endTime":8171.6,"body":"You know, you believe what you want and I"},{"startTime":8171.6,"endTime":8172.966,"body":"hope you can't sleep at night because"},{"startTime":8172.966,"endTime":8177.166,"body":"you're taking endlessly."},{"startTime":8178.633,"endTime":8179.966,"body":"The taxation is going up."},{"startTime":8180.0,"endTime":8181.733,"body":"The cost of living is going up."},{"startTime":8182.399,"endTime":8184.266,"body":"And again, well, at least the parks are"},{"startTime":8184.266,"endTime":8185.666,"body":"amazing and the schools are amazing."},{"startTime":8185.866,"endTime":8188.0,"body":"The streets are great and law and order"},{"startTime":8188.0,"endTime":8189.066,"body":"is intact and their"},{"startTime":8189.066,"endTime":8190.566,"body":"homelessness is dealt with."},{"startTime":8190.566,"endTime":8191.866,"body":"And none of those things are true."},{"startTime":8192.566,"endTime":8193.066,"body":"None of those things"},{"startTime":8193.066,"endTime":8194.433,"body":"are true in this state."},{"startTime":8194.933,"endTime":8196.033,"body":"And the state is"},{"startTime":8196.233,"endTime":8200.466,"body":"repressive in regards to our rights."},{"startTime":8201.033,"endTime":8204.266,"body":"They've enabled themselves to institute"},{"startTime":8204.266,"endTime":8207.066,"body":"what I think are no exception medical"},{"startTime":8207.066,"endTime":8208.733,"body":"mandates on the basis of"},{"startTime":8208.733,"endTime":8211.633,"body":"vague claims of public value."},{"startTime":8212.899,"endTime":8213.766,"body":"So the point is,"},{"startTime":8215.766,"endTime":8219.833,"body":"it's either a mental disorder where"},{"startTime":8219.833,"endTime":8222.466,"body":"people who have no experience with the"},{"startTime":8222.466,"endTime":8225.833,"body":"way things actually work cannot discover"},{"startTime":8225.833,"endTime":8228.933,"body":"that their fanciful notions from some"},{"startTime":8228.933,"endTime":8231.966,"body":"essay they wrote aren't true in practice."},{"startTime":8232.0,"endTime":8235.233,"body":"Which they're still mad they got to be."},{"startTime":8235.633,"endTime":8240.633,"body":"Or it's actually some kind of sabotage."},{"startTime":8241.1,"endTime":8243.6,"body":"Either, you know, there's a leak, the"},{"startTime":8243.6,"endTime":8244.266,"body":"money is going"},{"startTime":8244.266,"endTime":8246.066,"body":"somewhere that we can't see."},{"startTime":8246.066,"endTime":8248.033,"body":"And so the services collapse and the"},{"startTime":8248.033,"endTime":8251.666,"body":"hunger for more revenue is insatiable."},{"startTime":8251.933,"endTime":8254.333,"body":"But the fact that there are other states"},{"startTime":8254.333,"endTime":8258.766,"body":"with much lower tax burdens in which the"},{"startTime":8258.766,"endTime":8261.633,"body":"services actually work, in which the"},{"startTime":8261.633,"endTime":8264.2,"body":"states are actually well governed, tells"},{"startTime":8264.2,"endTime":8266.133,"body":"you something isn't right here."},{"startTime":8266.5,"endTime":8267.833,"body":"And one of the things that might not be"},{"startTime":8267.833,"endTime":8270.566,"body":"right here is you're making an"},{"startTime":8270.566,"endTime":8272.266,"body":"inhospitable environment for"},{"startTime":8272.266,"endTime":8273.733,"body":"the people who create wealth."},{"startTime":8274.2,"endTime":8275.066,"body":"And I'm not arguing"},{"startTime":8275.066,"endTime":8276.333,"body":"that that's a pure fact."},{"startTime":8276.333,"endTime":8277.566,"body":"As I've said many times,"},{"startTime":8277.566,"endTime":8279.233,"body":"you know, all great fortunes"},{"startTime":8280.233,"endTime":8284.166,"body":"typically have a wealth creation aspect"},{"startTime":8284.166,"endTime":8286.233,"body":"and a rent seeking aspect."},{"startTime":8286.566,"endTime":8288.533,"body":"So I know it's a mixed bag, but the point"},{"startTime":8288.533,"endTime":8290.933,"body":"is you want the wealth created in your"},{"startTime":8290.933,"endTime":8292.866,"body":"state because it makes your people,"},{"startTime":8293.2,"endTime":8295.5,"body":"especially your people who are close to"},{"startTime":8295.5,"endTime":8296.933,"body":"the bottom, better off."},{"startTime":8296.933,"endTime":8298.733,"body":"You want your state to be well run."},{"startTime":8298.733,"endTime":8300.633,"body":"You want the services to function."},{"startTime":8300.633,"endTime":8303.233,"body":"And so to create a punitive tax"},{"startTime":8303.233,"endTime":8308.399,"body":"environment is sabotaging the very people"},{"startTime":8308.399,"endTime":8310.299,"body":"that you claim you're doing it to help."},{"startTime":8310.866,"endTime":8313.333,"body":"You want the state to run well and you're"},{"startTime":8313.333,"endTime":8314.466,"body":"making it run like crap."},{"startTime":8314.733,"endTime":8316.266,"body":"That's going to result in less wealth"},{"startTime":8316.266,"endTime":8318.033,"body":"created here, which means that your"},{"startTime":8318.033,"endTime":8319.1,"body":"punitive taxes are going"},{"startTime":8319.1,"endTime":8320.533,"body":"to have to go up, not down."},{"startTime":8321.0,"endTime":8323.233,"body":"So it's a death spiral is what it is."},{"startTime":8324.833,"endTime":8326.733,"body":"So you were filling up"},{"startTime":8326.733,"endTime":8327.566,"body":"your truck the other day."},{"startTime":8328.033,"endTime":8328.233,"body":"Yes."},{"startTime":8328.566,"endTime":8330.366,"body":"And gas prices were high enough that"},{"startTime":8330.366,"endTime":8331.933,"body":"actually you and two other people at the"},{"startTime":8331.933,"endTime":8334.133,"body":"pump started having conversation about"},{"startTime":8334.133,"endTime":8334.733,"body":"the fact that you were"},{"startTime":8334.733,"endTime":8335.933,"body":"paying $6.50 a gallon."},{"startTime":8336.2,"endTime":8337.766,"body":"It wasn't $6.50, but it was above six."},{"startTime":8337.766,"endTime":8338.366,"body":"It was above six."},{"startTime":8338.766,"endTime":8338.966,"body":"Okay."},{"startTime":8340.466,"endTime":8341.466,"body":"For regular."},{"startTime":8341.7,"endTime":8342.533,"body":"That's not fancy gas."},{"startTime":8343.1,"endTime":8344.066,"body":"For regular."},{"startTime":8344.666,"endTime":8346.0,"body":"Over $6 a gallon."},{"startTime":8346.5,"endTime":8348.933,"body":"When we were in Hawaii in February, I was"},{"startTime":8348.933,"endTime":8351.233,"body":"shocked that our gas prices in Washington"},{"startTime":8351.233,"endTime":8352.799,"body":"were higher than they were in Hawaii."},{"startTime":8352.799,"endTime":8355.399,"body":"And I looked into it and I found out that"},{"startTime":8355.399,"endTime":8357.633,"body":"our fuel taxes in the state of Washington"},{"startTime":8357.633,"endTime":8358.266,"body":"are actually third"},{"startTime":8358.266,"endTime":8359.033,"body":"highest in the country."},{"startTime":8360.833,"endTime":8362.766,"body":"But at least those fuel taxes are going"},{"startTime":8362.766,"endTime":8365.366,"body":"to make amazing, like amazing"},{"startTime":8365.366,"endTime":8366.066,"body":"transportation"},{"startTime":8366.066,"endTime":8367.133,"body":"infrastructure in the state."},{"startTime":8367.433,"endTime":8367.633,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":8368.799,"endTime":8371.233,"body":"Well, no, actually not."},{"startTime":8372.1,"endTime":8374.266,"body":"So if show my screen one last time here,"},{"startTime":8374.266,"endTime":8375.533,"body":"this from the reason foundation, the"},{"startTime":8375.533,"endTime":8377.033,"body":"annual highway report finds that"},{"startTime":8377.033,"endTime":8379.533,"body":"Washington's highway system ranks 48th in"},{"startTime":8379.533,"endTime":8380.733,"body":"the nation and overall cost"},{"startTime":8380.733,"endTime":8381.7,"body":"effectiveness and condition."},{"startTime":8382.066,"endTime":8384.933,"body":"So we have the third highest fuel taxes"},{"startTime":8384.933,"endTime":8388.833,"body":"in the nation and the third worst highway"},{"startTime":8388.833,"endTime":8391.066,"body":"system across all of these metrics."},{"startTime":8391.066,"endTime":8392.533,"body":"In fact, we're dead last across a number"},{"startTime":8392.533,"endTime":8394.0,"body":"of metrics, capital and bridge"},{"startTime":8394.0,"endTime":8395.766,"body":"disbursements, maintenance disbursements,"},{"startTime":8395.766,"endTime":8397.1,"body":"other disbursements, which is to say,"},{"startTime":8397.6,"endTime":8398.633,"body":"where does the money go?"},{"startTime":8399.233,"endTime":8399.433,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":8399.466,"endTime":8399.966,"body":"Where does the money go?"},{"startTime":8399.966,"endTime":8401.833,"body":"The fuel taxes are collected, but in"},{"startTime":8401.833,"endTime":8403.899,"body":"terms of dispersing it to capital and"},{"startTime":8403.899,"endTime":8405.566,"body":"bridge disbursements, maintenance, other,"},{"startTime":8406.233,"endTime":8409.5,"body":"I don't know, like we just, we live with"},{"startTime":8409.533,"endTime":8411.633,"body":"the potholes and the failing, you know, I"},{"startTime":8411.633,"endTime":8413.266,"body":"don't actually fairies don't show up here"},{"startTime":8413.266,"endTime":8415.666,"body":"because this is across all states and,"},{"startTime":8415.666,"endTime":8417.033,"body":"you know, maybe it's, it's probably niche"},{"startTime":8417.033,"endTime":8418.066,"body":"somewhere in here and I don't know"},{"startTime":8418.066,"endTime":8419.6,"body":"exactly where, but, you"},{"startTime":8419.6,"endTime":8421.333,"body":"know, we're not doing terribly."},{"startTime":8421.933,"endTime":8423.799,"body":"I guess you could say not terribly in"},{"startTime":8423.799,"endTime":8425.0,"body":"like other fatality rate."},{"startTime":8425.0,"endTime":8425.899,"body":"We're only 38."},{"startTime":8426.833,"endTime":8428.533,"body":"But like, we're not good at"},{"startTime":8428.533,"endTime":8430.333,"body":"anything here, like nothing."},{"startTime":8430.7,"endTime":8434.5,"body":"We're like, we're literally 48th in the"},{"startTime":8434.5,"endTime":8436.633,"body":"nation in our highway infrastructure,"},{"startTime":8436.633,"endTime":8439.533,"body":"even though we have the third highest"},{"startTime":8439.533,"endTime":8440.733,"body":"fuel taxes in the nation."},{"startTime":8441.366,"endTime":8443.333,"body":"That right there is just such a perfect"},{"startTime":8443.333,"endTime":8446.133,"body":"summary of the situation."},{"startTime":8447.966,"endTime":8451.366,"body":"Team blue in Olympia is, is crying more"},{"startTime":8451.366,"endTime":8453.766,"body":"loudly than ever that they just need more"},{"startTime":8453.766,"endTime":8455.399,"body":"money and then they'll fix the problems"},{"startTime":8455.399,"endTime":8459.066,"body":"and taxes are going up."},{"startTime":8459.333,"endTime":8460.433,"body":"Cost of living is going up."},{"startTime":8460.433,"endTime":8462.933,"body":"Everything is more expensive and no one"},{"startTime":8462.933,"endTime":8464.633,"body":"is claiming that life in"},{"startTime":8464.633,"endTime":8465.6,"body":"Washington is getting better."},{"startTime":8465.899,"endTime":8466.233,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":8466.5,"endTime":8467.1,"body":"It's just not."},{"startTime":8467.299,"endTime":8467.466,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":8467.666,"endTime":8469.299,"body":"So let's put it this way."},{"startTime":8469.299,"endTime":8471.1,"body":"If you knew nothing else, you just knew"},{"startTime":8471.1,"endTime":8474.733,"body":"that the cost of living and doing"},{"startTime":8474.733,"endTime":8477.266,"body":"business here is high and"},{"startTime":8477.266,"endTime":8479.466,"body":"the services are crappy."},{"startTime":8479.7,"endTime":8482.566,"body":"What that says is the very best case is"},{"startTime":8482.566,"endTime":8485.833,"body":"gross mismanagement of the state, right?"},{"startTime":8486.1,"endTime":8488.266,"body":"There are worst cases, you know, that"},{"startTime":8488.266,"endTime":8490.533,"body":"this is fraud or sabotage or something,"},{"startTime":8490.533,"endTime":8492.866,"body":"but the point is best case scenario is"},{"startTime":8492.866,"endTime":8494.766,"body":"gross mismanagement of the state by the"},{"startTime":8494.766,"endTime":8495.799,"body":"people who control it, which"},{"startTime":8495.799,"endTime":8496.966,"body":"of course are the Democrats."},{"startTime":8497.633,"endTime":8499.633,"body":"I'm not saying the Republicans are any"},{"startTime":8499.633,"endTime":8502.133,"body":"prize, but the Democrats on the West"},{"startTime":8502.133,"endTime":8505.1,"body":"coast have demonstrated that at best they"},{"startTime":8505.1,"endTime":8507.266,"body":"have no fucking idea what they're doing."},{"startTime":8507.7,"endTime":8507.899,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":8508.966,"endTime":8513.066,"body":"And could functional"},{"startTime":8513.066,"endTime":8514.766,"body":"systems be better with more money?"},{"startTime":8515.333,"endTime":8516.233,"body":"Usually that is the case."},{"startTime":8517.233,"endTime":8519.066,"body":"When you have non-functional systems that"},{"startTime":8519.066,"endTime":8521.166,"body":"demonstrably don't do anything good with"},{"startTime":8521.166,"endTime":8524.299,"body":"the money they've got, you don't keep not"},{"startTime":8524.299,"endTime":8525.6,"body":"even asking, but demanding"},{"startTime":8525.6,"endTime":8526.933,"body":"more money for those systems."},{"startTime":8527.399,"endTime":8529.166,"body":"That's not how you fix a system."},{"startTime":8529.466,"endTime":8531.766,"body":"Especially when the key element is the"},{"startTime":8531.766,"endTime":8533.799,"body":"tax base and you're"},{"startTime":8533.799,"endTime":8535.966,"body":"sabotaging it de facto."},{"startTime":8536.399,"endTime":8536.666,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":8536.666,"endTime":8536.866,"body":"Right."},{"startTime":8537.033,"endTime":8538.633,"body":"You're sabotaging the thing that makes"},{"startTime":8538.633,"endTime":8540.466,"body":"wealth and then you're looking for"},{"startTime":8540.466,"endTime":8542.266,"body":"sources of wealth that you can tax."},{"startTime":8542.833,"endTime":8543.7,"body":"Gee, I wonder what happened."},{"startTime":8544.666,"endTime":8545.466,"body":"I hear a quarter lane is"},{"startTime":8545.466,"endTime":8546.333,"body":"lovely this time of year."},{"startTime":8548.566,"endTime":8550.133,"body":"Increasingly this time of year, yes."},{"startTime":8551.266,"endTime":8553.633,"body":"Now, a lot of people are going across the"},{"startTime":8553.633,"endTime":8558.6,"body":"water to Idaho, which among other things,"},{"startTime":8559.166,"endTime":8562.466,"body":"it has a flat five something percent"},{"startTime":8562.466,"endTime":8564.866,"body":"income tax rate, 5.3"},{"startTime":8564.866,"endTime":8566.366,"body":"maybe, something like that."},{"startTime":8567.266,"endTime":8570.433,"body":"But it also has the very first, actually"},{"startTime":8570.433,"endTime":8572.899,"body":"the friend of ours who wrote the"},{"startTime":8572.899,"endTime":8574.666,"body":"legislation and got it passed in Idaho,"},{"startTime":8574.666,"endTime":8579.133,"body":"the very first health freedom bill in the"},{"startTime":8579.133,"endTime":8581.6,"body":"entire United States that guarantees that"},{"startTime":8581.6,"endTime":8585.066,"body":"you shall not be forced to get any sort"},{"startTime":8585.066,"endTime":8588.566,"body":"of medical procedure or shot or pill or"},{"startTime":8588.566,"endTime":8590.766,"body":"anything, no matter what, that that shall"},{"startTime":8590.766,"endTime":8591.899,"body":"not be mandated on a human"},{"startTime":8591.899,"endTime":8593.833,"body":"being, which is remarkable."},{"startTime":8594.566,"endTime":8594.733,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":8594.733,"endTime":8595.0,"body":"Really remarkable."},{"startTime":8595.399,"endTime":8595.6,"body":"Yeah."},{"startTime":8597.466,"endTime":8597.766,"body":"All right."},{"startTime":8599.133,"endTime":8599.433,"body":"We there?"},{"startTime":8599.6,"endTime":8600.233,"body":"I think so."},{"startTime":8600.233,"endTime":8600.733,"body":"All right."},{"startTime":8601.433,"endTime":8606.066,"body":"We'll be back on April 4th on Saturday on"},{"startTime":8606.066,"endTime":8607.166,"body":"our younger son's birthday,"},{"startTime":8608.233,"endTime":8610.566,"body":"talking more about probably not"},{"startTime":8610.566,"endTime":8612.766,"body":"Washington because I'm sort of"},{"startTime":8612.766,"endTime":8613.733,"body":"Washington out at the moment."},{"startTime":8615.066,"endTime":8617.033,"body":"We'll still be here, but we'll be talking"},{"startTime":8617.033,"endTime":8619.766,"body":"about the news of the day all through an"},{"startTime":8619.766,"endTime":8621.2,"body":"evolutionary lens as we do."},{"startTime":8622.533,"endTime":8624.466,"body":"And until you see us next time, be good"},{"startTime":8624.466,"endTime":8625.633,"body":"to the ones you love, eat"},{"startTime":8625.633,"endTime":8627.299,"body":"good food, and get outside."},{"startTime":8627.533,"endTime":8627.966,"body":"Be well, everybody."}]}