{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"startTime":10.08,"endTime":11.52,"body":"Hi there and welcome back."},{"startTime":11.68,"endTime":22.64,"body":"This is Harry and we are in our podcast again giving you some help in relation to English language for those of you at or around the intermediate level."},{"startTime":22.96,"endTime":29.76,"body":"As always, I'm going to read a sentence for you twice and then explain the main grammatical points in that particular sentence."},{"startTime":30.08,"endTime":37.6,"body":"So the sentence for you today is, we have lived in this house since I was a small child."},{"startTime":37.92,"endTime":44.32,"body":"Okay, the second reading, we have lived in this house since I was a small child."},{"startTime":44.96,"endTime":50.4,"body":"The important grammatical structure here is at the beginning of the sentence, we have lived."},{"startTime":50.56,"endTime":53.6,"body":"And here we're using the present perfect."},{"startTime":53.92,"endTime":56.4,"body":"We have lived."},{"startTime":56.64,"endTime":60.4,"body":"Lived is the past participle of the verb to live."},{"startTime":60.72,"endTime":64.4,"body":"And we have lived is the way we form present perfect."},{"startTime":64.72,"endTime":70.48,"body":"We could also, in fact, here use present perfect continuous because it will mean exactly the same."},{"startTime":70.8,"endTime":77.92,"body":"So we could say, we have been living in this house since I was a small child."},{"startTime":78.48,"endTime":86.48,"body":"We have been living in this house since I was a small child because we have been living suggests continuity."},{"startTime":86.72,"endTime":90.32,"body":"Okay, so we're using the ing living."},{"startTime":91.36,"endTime":99.68,"body":"Or we have lived is the present perfect, something that started in the past when you were a small child and brings you right up to the future."},{"startTime":100.0,"endTime":102.88,"body":"Okay, so both of these are grammatically correct."},{"startTime":103.04,"endTime":105.44,"body":"We have lived or we have been living."},{"startTime":106.72,"endTime":109.76,"body":"We have been living or we have lived in this house."},{"startTime":110.08,"endTime":112.08,"body":"Okay, so this is possessive."},{"startTime":112.16,"endTime":116.8,"body":"It's our house, the house of the family in this house, since."},{"startTime":117.12,"endTime":129.04,"body":"And the word since we are using because we're stipulating or telling people that it started from a time back in history, since I was a small child."},{"startTime":129.36,"endTime":133.84,"body":"So whether you were three or four or five, okay, and it brings you right up to the present."},{"startTime":134.16,"endTime":147.68,"body":"Okay, instead of since, you could also use the word for, F-O-R, but then you change the sentence and say, we have lived in this house for five years or ten years or twenty years."},{"startTime":147.92,"endTime":153.36,"body":"Okay, so when you use for, you give a specific number or amount of years."},{"startTime":153.68,"endTime":159.2,"body":"And when you use the word since, it's from when something started back in history."},{"startTime":159.52,"endTime":166.8,"body":"Okay, so once again, the sentence, we have lived in this house since I was a small child."},{"startTime":168.56,"endTime":176.8,"body":"Last point here is that we're using the word child because it's the singular of a small person, boy or girl."},{"startTime":177.12,"endTime":178.8,"body":"It's an irregular noun."},{"startTime":179.12,"endTime":181.36,"body":"And when we use the plural, we use children."},{"startTime":181.52,"endTime":183.36,"body":"But here, you're talking about yourself."},{"startTime":183.52,"endTime":187.28,"body":"So since I was a small child."},{"startTime":187.6,"endTime":195.12,"body":"Okay, so examples in there of the present perfect and also this joining word since."},{"startTime":195.44,"endTime":198.32,"body":"Okay, so that's the recording for today."},{"startTime":198.56,"endTime":209.36,"body":"And as always, if you wish to contact me directly, you will find me on my website, www.englishlessonviaskype.com."},{"startTime":209.68,"endTime":217.2,"body":"Okay, we'll join us again soon and we'll give you some more insight into that wonderful English language."}]}