What is behind phenomena such as the sudden extinction of species in population dynamics? What generates the spiral patterns that appear in density profiles or travelling waves?

Professor Meyer-Ortmanns studies complex systems with methods from nonlinear dynamics and statistical physics. One current research topic is heteroclinic dynamics, another one is the impact of stochastic fluctuations.

Read the original article: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043097 

Acesulfame potassium is one of several low- and no-calorie sweeteners used as a healthy alternative to sugar. But what if there is a price to pay for a calorie-free sweetness? 

Dr Patrick Guiney investigates the environmental fate and effects of sweeteners and applies ecological risk assessment methods to establish their environmental safety profiles. 

Read more in Research Outreach

Read the original article: https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.4248 

What if there was a way to deliver on the painkilling potential of opioids while reducing the likelihood of addiction?

Dr Stefan Clemens and Dr Kori Brewers' work at East Carolina University could mark a turning point in pain management and drug addiction.

Read the original article: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172935

Whether it’s a just few sentences or a full paragraph outlining the way your organisation pursues goals like delivering on time or anticipating customer needs, a mission statement is a guide to how a company operates and the values it holds dear.

Research led by Dana Kanze from London Business School now shows that your mission statements can also motivate your employees to embrace or disregard ethical standards—the decisions they choose depend upon the language you use.

Read the original publication: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2019.04.002 

Read the HBR article:  https://hbr.org/2020/02/research-organizations-that-move-fast-really-do-break-things

Read more from Dr Kanze in Research Outreach

Glycogen plays important roles in carbon and energy storage in bacteria, with highly branched structures linked with bacterial environmental durability, including the ability to survive in deep sea vents.

Dr Liang Wang at the Institut Pasteur of Shanghai & Ms Qing-Hua Liu at Macau University of Science and Technology aim to better understand the structure and evolution of glycogen branching enzyme in bacteria, uncovering a new, third type of structure.

Read more about their research in Research Outreach.

Read their original article at:  https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.03354

In the deepest, darkest parts of our oceans live creatures that have mastered bioluminescence. Out of all these creatures and their colourful displays, what makes it so challenging to find species that emit light in the deep-blue region?

Dr Masahito Oh-e at National Tsing Hua University in Taiwan, together with his collaborator Dr Akira Nagasawa, Professor Emeritus of Saitama University in Japan, uses computational chemistry modelling approaches to investigate.

Read the original article: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00506

The recent global pandemic has highlighted health inequities  across the world. Despite rapid medical and social advances in recent years, inequities related to reproductive choices and rights remain, especially for women in marginalised sectors of society.

Dr Tracy Morison, a health psychologist at Massey University in New Zealand, focuses on the complexities around contraception choice and uptake.

Read the original article: https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12605

To understand some of what Critical Race Theory means as a term, and means in educational practice, we are joined again by Dr Jen Neitzel, Executive Director at the Educational Equity Institute, to discuss the past, present, and possible future of media discussions around race and racism in America.

Listen to her previous interview here.

The use of robotic technology in gastric bypass surgery is increasing and heralds a major turning point in bariatric surgery. However, robotic bariatric surgery must be proven feasible and safe.

Dr Rodolfo Oviedo, Director of Robotic General Surgery at Houston Methodist Department of Surgery, has set out to demonstrate that robotic gastric bypass surgery provides numerous advantages to both patients and surgeons in terms of its safety profile and cost efficiency when performed at a high-volume, experienced bariatric centre or even in rural community hospitals.

Read more in Research Features

Read the original article:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11701-021-01193-9

Dr Alexander Lichius and colleagues from the University of Innsbruck in Austria have developed the inncelly experimentation chambers to closely study the fungal cell biology of mycoparasites in fungus-fungus-plant interactions.

You can find more information on www.inncellys.com. 

Read more about their research in Research Features. 

Read the original article: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Fjof7050365

What do Richard Branson, Steve Jobs, and Elon Musk have in common? In addition to being founders of multi-billion-dollar companies, they are also outliers. wielding disproportionate influences on both the business world and society. Their inputs and outputs, either qualitative or quantitative in nature,  represents an exception to the normal rules.

Dr G. Christopher Crawford at Rutgers Business School explains which factors drive the performance of the most successful entrepreneurs and businesses.

Read the original article: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2015.01.001

"Will Podcasting and Social Media Replace Journals and Traditional Science Communication? No, but..." is the perhaps controversially titled paper by Prof Matt Fox and a team at Boston University School for Public Health.  And, if the answer is no, what role can they play in the future?

In this episode, we talk about the current state of academic publishing, the risks and opportunities of social networks for science, and integrating digital outreach into scientific practice.

Listen to Matt on The Free Associations Podcast and Serious Epidemiology Podcast, or follow him on Twitter.

Original Article: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwab172

With the global population growing rapidly every year and with millions already having limited access to enough food, where are the new productivity-enhancing farming practices that will enable the world to produce enough food to feed 9 billion people by 2050? 

One new farming practice with the potential to improve crop yields is called ‘subsoil manuring’, developed by Peter Sale and his team at La Trobe University, Melbourne, to improve subsoils for crop growth.

Read more:  https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agron.2020.08.003 

There are said to be 50 million people living with dementia globally and this is expected to triple by 2050.

Research conducted by Dr Hwajin Yang, Associate Professor at Singapore Management University, and colleagues, examines how the risk of developing dementia is affected by one’s sense of loneliness and sense of control.

Read the original paper: https://doi.org/10.1080/07317115.2020.1799891

Sexuality is an intrinsic part of identity. However, intimacy and sexuality in residential aged care are often contested issues, particularly in the case of people living with different types of dementia.

Professor Mark Henrickson, Dr Catherine Cook, Dr Vanessa Schouten and Ms Sandra McDonald are researching consent in this domain.

Read more about their research in Research Features.

Read the original article: https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2021.1871649

• Quantum-like modeling: cognition, decision making, and rationality (2020) : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11299-020-00240-6
• Quantum Mechanical Pragmatic Rules and Social Science (2019): https://doi.org/10.1007/s41470-019-00036-1  
• Introduction to quantum probability theory and its economic applications (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmateco.2018.08.004
• Statistical and subjective interpretations of probability in quantum-like models of cognition and decision making  (2016): http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2016.02.005 
• ‘Social Laser’: action  amplification by stimulated emission of social energy (2015): http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0094
• An Application of the Theory of Open Quantum Systems to Model the Dynamics of Party Governance in the US Political System (2013): https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-013-1931-6  

Global temperature rises and climate change will not only bring disruption to the planet’s ecosystems, weather systems, and sea levels. It will also have an impact on current and future human societies through economic turmoil.

Dr Patrick Brown of San José State University  examines the net economic impact of Paris Agreement global warming targets.

Read more:

 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239520  

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0071-9  

News coverage of the drug overdose crisis gripping America has, for a large part, focused on opioid drug deaths. However, this represents a small part of the ever-shifting landscape of drug use. Away from the mainstream, stimulants - both prescribed and illicit - continue to claim lives at an increasing rate.

Joshua Black and Janetta Iwanicki from Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Safety discuss their institutes role in tracking deaths, informing policy, and attempting to stem the tide of drug related deaths in America.

Read more: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.7850

Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD) is characterised by an inability to fall asleep at a socially acceptable time,  and an inability to wake up at conventional early times for school or work.

Dr Gregory Carter from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, is conducting research into  'night owl preference', and what can be done to realign ones circadian rhythm.

Read more: https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.5100

Prof Wiley investigates the emergence of new brain viral infections and their link to dementia.

Read more about his work in Research Outreach, and find his original articles below: 

• Emergent Viral Infections of the CNS:  https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlaa054 
• H1N1, but not H3N2, influenza A virus infection protects ferrets from H5N1 encephalitis:  https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01840-13 
• Emerging Infections of CNS: Avian Influenza A Virus, Rift Valley Fever Virus and Human Parechovirus:  https://doi.org/10.1111/bpa.12281 
• Human Parechovirus 3 Meningitis and Fatal Leukoencephalopathy : https://doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0000000000000215 
•  Human Zika and West Nile virus neurological infections: What is the difference?:  https://doi.org/10.1111/neup.12385 
• Systemic distribution of West Nile virus infection: postmortem immunohistochemical study of six cases.:  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00080.x 

Over the last 50 years, advances in surgical procedures, clinical understandings and targeted treatments have changed the prospects of many cancer diagnoses from terminal to treatable. However, this progress is not evenly distributed across the many different types of cancer, and nowhere is that more keenly felt than in cancers affecting children.  How might the advances and insights in treating blood cancers benefit patients with brain tumours?

To answer that question, I am speaking today with Dr David Walker and Dr Chris Halsey about their research connecting trials and treatments across disease types, for the benefit of all patients.

Read more: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30333-5

It has been well established that mental health problems increase vulnerability to corona virus, COVID-19, and those contracting the virus are at higher risk of nervous system disorders and mental illness.  The Mom2B study, led by Prof Alkistis Skalkidou and colleagues,  explores the mental health of pregnant women and those who have recently given birth.  

Read their paper here: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.18.20248466

Download the Mom2B app here:

Android: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=se.mom2b.app2&gl=SE

iOS: https://apps.apple.com/se/app/mom2b/id1447365749

Huntington's Disease is characterised by a clear line of heritability within families, and an early onset of disease towards the middle of ones life. As such, the more knowledge researchers gain about development of the disease, the earlier interventions may be developed, and the longer their benefits felt.

Dr Jessica Cao is researching the onset of Huntington's Disease in a mouse model, how the sex-dependent differences may reflect in humans, and prospects for therapies to improve the wellbeing of patients facing the disease.

Read the original paper: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104607

Climate change is real, happening now, and happening the world over.  However, it is not an evenly distributed problem - coastal areas are the most susceptible to rising sea levels, and there is one coast that most people in the world will never get to see .

The response of Antarctica to climate change is one of the big research questions facing the British Antarctic Survey.   David Barnes, marine ecologist and lecturer, talks about life on the ice, life under it, and what the future may hold for polar regions.

Read his recent blog ahead of the COP26 Expo here.

Read their past papers at:
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15617
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15392
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15055
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0176

Modelling human decisions under uncertainty has become a crucial issue in the field of Artificial Intelligence over recent years. Mathematical models of decision making under risk provide the user with an ‘optimal’ solution. These rational decision models, however, are not always able to describe the typical human approach to making decisions.

Dr Serena Doria, from The Gabriele d'Annunzio University in Italy, presents a new mathematical  updating model that can represent the awareness process of the unconscious and conscious thought.

Read her paper here:  https://doi.org/10.1007/s11238-019-09699-3