{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":3.03,"endTime":6.03,"body":"A few weeks ago on an"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":3.03,"endTime":6.03,"body":"autumnal evening in October, I"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":6.03,"endTime":8.58,"body":"joined bat legend Daniel"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":6.03,"endTime":8.58,"body":"Hargreaves at the rye harbour"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":8.58,"endTime":11.52,"body":"nature reserve on the coastal"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":8.58,"endTime":11.52,"body":"boundary of Sussex and Kent,"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":11.7,"endTime":14.64,"body":"which is about as far southeast"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":11.7,"endTime":14.64,"body":"as you can go in England on the"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":14.64,"endTime":18.87,"body":"hunt for migratory species of"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":14.64,"endTime":18.87,"body":"bats. I'm Steve Roe. And this is"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":18.87,"endTime":23.52,"body":"BatChat. Dan, it's October, it's"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":18.87,"endTime":23.52,"body":"freezing, the nights are drawing"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":23.52,"endTime":27.48,"body":"in. And it's quite a dank,"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":23.52,"endTime":27.48,"body":"miserable evening. Well, what"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":27.48,"endTime":28.74,"body":"are we doing this evening?"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":30.24,"endTime":34.14,"body":"Very good"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":30.24,"endTime":34.14,"body":"question. We're hoping to catch"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":34.2,"endTime":38.43,"body":"Nathusius' pipistrelles on their"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":34.2,"endTime":38.43,"body":"migration. And we know that they"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":38.43,"endTime":43.83,"body":"migrate at the beginning to end"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":38.43,"endTime":43.83,"body":"of autumn. And to the past few"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":43.83,"endTime":46.8,"body":"years, around this time of year"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":43.83,"endTime":46.8,"body":"end of September, beginning of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":46.8,"endTime":51.87,"body":"October, we've tried to get"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":46.8,"endTime":51.87,"body":"numerous bat groups down to the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":52.05,"endTime":55.77,"body":"southeast of England, and"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":52.05,"endTime":55.77,"body":"hopefully, spreading out along"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":55.77,"endTime":58.38,"body":"the cost will be able to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":55.77,"endTime":58.38,"body":"intercept bats during their"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":58.38,"endTime":59.1,"body":"migration."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":59.91,"endTime":61.8,"body":"So how long has that"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":59.91,"endTime":61.8,"body":"project been running? For now"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":61.8,"endTime":62.01,"body":"though,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":62.46,"endTime":66.36,"body":"we started the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":62.46,"endTime":66.36,"body":"Nathusius' project in 2013."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":67.86,"endTime":71.07,"body":"There were a number of people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":67.86,"endTime":71.07,"body":"working on Nathusius'"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":71.07,"endTime":75.12,"body":"pipistrelles before that. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":71.07,"endTime":75.12,"body":"we're getting towards probably"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":75.15,"endTime":78.57,"body":"nearly 10 years now of of data,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":75.15,"endTime":78.57,"body":"but the actual Nathusius'"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":78.57,"endTime":81.99,"body":"pipistrelle project project is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":78.57,"endTime":81.99,"body":"probably in its fifth year if we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":81.99,"endTime":83.88,"body":"include the pilot project here."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":84.99,"endTime":87.54,"body":"And why are we so interested in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":84.99,"endTime":87.54,"body":"Nathusius' pipistrelles? What"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":87.54,"endTime":90.42,"body":"was it actually sparked the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":87.54,"endTime":90.42,"body":"interest to find out more about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":90.0,"endTime":93.9,"body":"It's funny, I think, because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":90.0,"endTime":93.9,"body":"it's got the name pipistrelle"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":90.42,"endTime":90.63,"body":"them?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":94.32,"endTime":96.87,"body":"attached to it. We often think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":94.32,"endTime":96.87,"body":"of pipistrelles as common"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":96.87,"endTime":101.76,"body":"species, we've got three species"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":96.87,"endTime":101.76,"body":"in the UK. And the Nathusius'"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":102.27,"endTime":105.24,"body":"pipistrelle. In particularly, we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":102.27,"endTime":105.24,"body":"actually know very little about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":105.24,"endTime":107.7,"body":"it, we know that we pick them"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":105.24,"endTime":107.7,"body":"up, we know that we find them."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":108.15,"endTime":110.91,"body":"We've got lots of bat care"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":108.15,"endTime":110.91,"body":"records, we've got lots of bat"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":110.91,"endTime":114.93,"body":"detector records. But actually"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":110.91,"endTime":114.93,"body":"their ecology in the UK, we know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":114.93,"endTime":118.86,"body":"very little. And we're learning"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":114.93,"endTime":118.86,"body":"more year on year we learn and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":118.86,"endTime":122.7,"body":"we find out new information. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":118.86,"endTime":122.7,"body":"hopefully one day we'll be able"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":122.7,"endTime":126.0,"body":"to say pretty much exactly what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":122.7,"endTime":126.0,"body":"the Nathusius' pipistrelle is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":126.0,"endTime":127.56,"body":"doing here. So I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":127.56,"endTime":129.27,"body":"should say, I mean, we said"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":127.56,"endTime":129.27,"body":"we're a long way from home,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":129.27,"endTime":131.49,"body":"we're actually in the very"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":129.27,"endTime":131.49,"body":"southeast corner of England"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":131.49,"endTime":134.34,"body":"right down, a stones-throw from"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":131.49,"endTime":134.34,"body":"Dungeness in the southeast of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":134.34,"endTime":137.46,"body":"Kent, how many of the bat groups"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":134.34,"endTime":137.46,"body":"are involved in the projects"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":137.49,"endTime":138.99,"body":"across the UK"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":139.02,"endTime":143.85,"body":"Across the UK? I should have a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":139.02,"endTime":143.85,"body":"count up really! There's 24"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":143.88,"endTime":149.97,"body":"groups that are involved."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":143.88,"endTime":149.97,"body":"There's three groups now in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":149.97,"endTime":153.24,"body":"Wales that are involved. Lots"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":149.97,"endTime":153.24,"body":"across England, a couple in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":153.24,"endTime":157.83,"body":"Scotland, the Northern Ireland"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":153.24,"endTime":157.83,"body":"Nathusius' pipistrelle project"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":157.83,"endTime":161.49,"body":"as well. So lots of groups when"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":157.83,"endTime":161.49,"body":"we started, it was four groups."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":161.49,"endTime":165.33,"body":"So it's everybody's jumping on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":161.49,"endTime":165.33,"body":"the bandwagon, which is a very"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":165.33,"endTime":168.18,"body":"good thing for the Nathusius'"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":165.33,"endTime":168.18,"body":"pipistrelles because they're not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":168.18,"endTime":171.63,"body":"really interested in counties or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":168.18,"endTime":171.63,"body":"borders or bat groups. They're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":171.63,"endTime":174.51,"body":"just interested in the landscape"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":171.63,"endTime":174.51,"body":"and, and moving across it."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":175.35,"endTime":180.36,"body":"So for listeners who might not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":175.35,"endTime":180.36,"body":"be that involved in groups, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":180.42,"endTime":183.69,"body":"just general basically members,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":180.42,"endTime":183.69,"body":"how are we catching these bats"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":184.29,"endTime":185.97,"body":"and what are we doing with them"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":184.29,"endTime":185.97,"body":"once we've got them?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":186.06,"endTime":190.26,"body":"Okay, so we've got a methodology"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":186.06,"endTime":190.26,"body":"setter, which is basically we've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":190.26,"endTime":195.33,"body":"got harp traps and mist nets."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":190.26,"endTime":195.33,"body":"And we've discovered really,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":195.33,"endTime":197.31,"body":"that the catch and the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":195.33,"endTime":197.31,"body":"Nathusius' pipistrelles  you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":197.31,"endTime":200.61,"body":"need to be playing a call. So we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":197.31,"endTime":200.61,"body":"need something to be able to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":200.61,"endTime":203.67,"body":"lure the Nathusius' pipistrelle"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":200.61,"endTime":203.67,"body":"in. And we found that the best"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":203.67,"endTime":207.75,"body":"call to use is a male"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":203.67,"endTime":207.75,"body":"advertisement call. This is a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":207.75,"endTime":211.53,"body":"male calling out to try and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":207.75,"endTime":211.53,"body":"attract females. So we've copied"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":211.53,"endTime":215.34,"body":"his call, and we're playing it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":211.53,"endTime":215.34,"body":"from a speaker mounted next to a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":215.34,"endTime":217.89,"body":"harp trap or a mist net. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":215.34,"endTime":217.89,"body":"we're hoping that will attract"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":217.89,"endTime":220.86,"body":"the bats so that we can catch"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":217.89,"endTime":220.86,"body":"them. Once we've caught them."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":221.25,"endTime":224.76,"body":"It's a case of taking over"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":221.25,"endTime":224.76,"body":"biometrics over data to make"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":224.76,"endTime":228.45,"body":"sure it is a Nathusius'"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":224.76,"endTime":228.45,"body":"pipistrelle look at the sex look"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":228.45,"endTime":232.71,"body":"at the reproductive status. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":228.45,"endTime":232.71,"body":"we put a small metal ring on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":232.71,"endTime":235.5,"body":"there, and the ring has got a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":232.71,"endTime":235.5,"body":"unique number on it. And that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":235.5,"endTime":237.81,"body":"means if we catch that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":235.5,"endTime":237.81,"body":"individual again, we know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":237.81,"endTime":239.1,"body":"exactly where it came from,"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":240.12,"endTime":242.28,"body":"and have have any of"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":240.12,"endTime":242.28,"body":"the ring backs that we've caught"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":242.28,"endTime":243.09,"body":"turned up elsewhere."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":243.63,"endTime":246.75,"body":"Yes, we've had several"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":243.63,"endTime":246.75,"body":"recoveries, we've had a lot of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":246.75,"endTime":251.22,"body":"recoveries from site to site."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":246.75,"endTime":251.22,"body":"Last night, for instance, we've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":251.22,"endTime":255.72,"body":"caught a nefarious purpose tool"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":251.22,"endTime":255.72,"body":"that was it was caught at the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":255.72,"endTime":259.68,"body":"same site last year. But long"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":255.72,"endTime":259.68,"body":"distance record. We've had free"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":259.98,"endTime":264.75,"body":"records of bats leaving the UK"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":259.98,"endTime":264.75,"body":"and being found forever across"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":264.75,"endTime":269.61,"body":"Europe, East Europe, Holland,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":264.75,"endTime":269.61,"body":"Poland and Belgium, which has"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":269.61,"endTime":272.37,"body":"been really good and we've had"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":269.61,"endTime":272.37,"body":"several captures of bats flying"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":272.37,"endTime":275.52,"body":"here that have been rung in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":272.37,"endTime":275.52,"body":"other countries. So namely,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":275.85,"endTime":277.2,"body":"Lithuania and Latvia."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":278.01,"endTime":280.41,"body":"So you said that very"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":278.01,"endTime":280.41,"body":"calmly as if it's nothing, so"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":280.53,"endTime":283.41,"body":"that clearly means the bats"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":280.53,"endTime":283.41,"body":"flying across the North Sea?"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":283.47,"endTime":285.9,"body":"Yes. Presumably more than once a"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":283.47,"endTime":285.9,"body":"year."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":285.96,"endTime":289.92,"body":"Yes. Yeah. We were"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":285.96,"endTime":289.92,"body":"unsure of how many it's, I did"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":289.92,"endTime":291.81,"body":"say that calmly. But I remember."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":289.92,"endTime":291.81,"body":"sat here at Rye several years"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":291.81,"endTime":293.1,"body":"ago when we got the first bat"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":291.81,"endTime":293.1,"body":"from overseas and wasn't quite"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":293.1,"endTime":294.3,"body":"as calm then. But But now that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":293.1,"endTime":294.3,"body":"we've had several recaptures,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":300.96,"endTime":304.62,"body":"we're starting to understand"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":300.96,"endTime":304.62,"body":"what these bats are doing. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":304.62,"endTime":309.6,"body":"they are moving on mass across"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":304.62,"endTime":309.6,"body":"Europe. And it's quite, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":309.6,"endTime":313.53,"body":"know, it's quite remarkable to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":309.6,"endTime":313.53,"body":"think of an animal that's, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":313.53,"endTime":316.32,"body":"know, a little larger than your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":313.53,"endTime":316.32,"body":"thumb, weighing seven or eight"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":316.32,"endTime":320.91,"body":"grams being able to fly these"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":316.32,"endTime":320.91,"body":"incredible distances. And we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":320.91,"endTime":323.79,"body":"quite lucky that they come in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":320.91,"endTime":323.79,"body":"head into the UK as well, where"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":323.79,"endTime":324.72,"body":"we can intercept them."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":325.26,"endTime":327.3,"body":"So I mean, you said"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":325.26,"endTime":327.3,"body":"bats are moving across Europe,"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":327.36,"endTime":330.12,"body":"do we know whether they're, what"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":327.36,"endTime":330.12,"body":"their migration patterns are"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":330.12,"endTime":332.73,"body":"they spend in the summers here,"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":330.12,"endTime":332.73,"body":"or the winters here? Or how do"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":332.73,"endTime":334.17,"body":"we know what do we know about"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":332.73,"endTime":334.17,"body":"their migration."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":334.17,"endTime":336.27,"body":"So we think"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":334.17,"endTime":336.27,"body":"mainly spending the winters"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":336.27,"endTime":338.31,"body":"here, there are bats that are"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":336.27,"endTime":338.31,"body":"definitely spending their"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":338.31,"endTime":341.76,"body":"summers here. But we know that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":338.31,"endTime":341.76,"body":"they're avoiding the really cold"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":341.76,"endTime":344.94,"body":"climates in northeastern Europe."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":341.76,"endTime":344.94,"body":"And they're heading on this"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":344.94,"endTime":348.45,"body":"southwest trajectory. And that's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":344.94,"endTime":348.45,"body":"bringing them down into warmer"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":348.45,"endTime":352.53,"body":"climates like the UK down into"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":348.45,"endTime":352.53,"body":"France, perhaps as far as Spain."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":353.01,"endTime":355.86,"body":"And really, it's a strategy"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":353.01,"endTime":355.86,"body":"that's probably been going on"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":355.86,"endTime":359.79,"body":"for years and years and years."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":355.86,"endTime":359.79,"body":"And it's a way of them avoiding"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":359.79,"endTime":363.51,"body":"a harsh winter, and being able"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":359.79,"endTime":363.51,"body":"to feed here, fatten up over"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":363.51,"endTime":367.14,"body":"winter and survive, and then"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":363.51,"endTime":367.14,"body":"most likely heading back in"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":367.14,"endTime":369.6,"body":"spring, to replaces."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":370.53,"endTime":372.63,"body":"And at the start of"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":370.53,"endTime":372.63,"body":"the project, people were taking"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":372.63,"endTime":374.55,"body":"fur clippings of bats for"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":372.63,"endTime":374.55,"body":"something called isotope"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":374.55,"endTime":376.62,"body":"analysis, can you just tell us"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":374.55,"endTime":376.62,"body":"what the purpose of that was and"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":376.62,"endTime":378.15,"body":"what the results of that were?"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":378.3,"endTime":380.19,"body":"Yes, we were"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":378.3,"endTime":380.19,"body":"a little bit worried at the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":380.19,"endTime":384.03,"body":"beginning that we had to catch a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":380.19,"endTime":384.03,"body":"bat with a ring on it would be"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":384.06,"endTime":388.14,"body":"almost impossible. We were sort"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":384.06,"endTime":388.14,"body":"of we envisage it we'd have to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":388.17,"endTime":392.16,"body":"bring 1000s of bats to get a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":388.17,"endTime":392.16,"body":"recovery. That wasn't wasn't the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":392.16,"endTime":395.76,"body":"case. But when we first started"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":392.16,"endTime":395.76,"body":"before, if we could take a fur"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":395.76,"endTime":399.99,"body":"clipping, and then we could take"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":395.76,"endTime":399.99,"body":"that to the lab, and the lab"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":399.99,"endTime":403.29,"body":"could have a look at the stable"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":399.99,"endTime":403.29,"body":"isotopes that were being put"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":403.29,"endTime":406.05,"body":"down, for that clipping and that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":403.29,"endTime":406.05,"body":"would give us an indication"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":406.38,"endTime":411.27,"body":"possibly of where the bat's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":406.38,"endTime":411.27,"body":"origin was. So where they were,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":411.27,"endTime":413.19,"body":"they've been feeding where"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":411.27,"endTime":413.19,"body":"they've been drinking, what"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":413.19,"endTime":415.92,"body":"they've been eating would be"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":413.19,"endTime":415.92,"body":"laid down in the fur clipping in"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":415.92,"endTime":419.64,"body":"the fur and then we'd be able to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":415.92,"endTime":419.64,"body":"sample that and the data came"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":419.64,"endTime":422.85,"body":"back suggesting that they were"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":419.64,"endTime":422.85,"body":"coming from North East in"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":422.85,"endTime":426.66,"body":"Europe. And we were a little bit"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":422.85,"endTime":426.66,"body":"sceptical when the data first"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":426.66,"endTime":429.21,"body":"came out before it seems like a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":426.66,"endTime":429.21,"body":"long way that these bats could"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":429.21,"endTime":431.61,"body":"have flown. But what's been"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":429.21,"endTime":431.61,"body":"really good, it's the ring"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":431.61,"endTime":434.97,"body":"recaptures have confirmed,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":431.61,"endTime":434.97,"body":"that's where the bats were"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":434.97,"endTime":435.69,"body":"originated."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":436.59,"endTime":440.85,"body":"So we're out in Kent,"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":436.59,"endTime":440.85,"body":"at this place called dry, how"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":440.85,"endTime":443.64,"body":"many other people or how many"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":440.85,"endTime":443.64,"body":"groups are out from another,"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":443.64,"endTime":445.44,"body":"presumably they're from combat"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":443.64,"endTime":445.44,"body":"group, or"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":445.69,"endTime":447.34,"body":"that's a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":445.69,"endTime":447.34,"body":"mixture as a few groups or"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":447.34,"endTime":453.34,"body":"combat group have got four sites"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":447.34,"endTime":453.34,"body":"that they're doing. Sussex are"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":453.34,"endTime":457.12,"body":"out here at Rye one bat group,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":453.34,"endTime":457.12,"body":"and the several back groups that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":457.12,"endTime":459.85,"body":"have joined in so we've got"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":457.12,"endTime":459.85,"body":"people that have travelled from"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":459.85,"endTime":463.45,"body":"Somerset, you've travelled from"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":459.85,"endTime":463.45,"body":"Derby Steve, so you've had lots"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":463.45,"endTime":465.82,"body":"of different groups join in,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":463.45,"endTime":465.82,"body":"which is really great, because"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":465.82,"endTime":469.27,"body":"it's a way of getting bat"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":465.82,"endTime":469.27,"body":"workers to work together to get"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":469.27,"endTime":472.06,"body":"people to come en-mass. If it"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":469.27,"endTime":472.06,"body":"was one bat group, they could"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":472.06,"endTime":475.24,"body":"probably cover one or two sites,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":472.06,"endTime":475.24,"body":"perhaps in a night if they were"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":475.24,"endTime":479.53,"body":"lucky. But by teaming up, we can"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":475.24,"endTime":479.53,"body":"cover several sites. And when we"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":479.53,"endTime":482.17,"body":"did this a few years ago, we"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":479.53,"endTime":482.17,"body":"were very lucky to have a bat"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":482.17,"endTime":486.31,"body":"that was caught with one group,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":482.17,"endTime":486.31,"body":"then less than an hour and a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":486.31,"endTime":488.8,"body":"half later, and if a group"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":486.31,"endTime":488.8,"body":"caught it further along the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":488.8,"endTime":492.85,"body":"coast. So it was a good way of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":488.8,"endTime":492.85,"body":"determining the movement of bats"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":492.85,"endTime":494.98,"body":"and how long it takes them to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":492.85,"endTime":494.98,"body":"cover distances."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":495.629,"endTime":498.389,"body":"And what is it about"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":495.629,"endTime":498.389,"body":"that work in the UK that sparks"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":498.389,"endTime":500.969,"body":"people interest and enthusiasm"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":498.389,"endTime":500.969,"body":"and gets them to come out on"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":500.969,"endTime":502.679,"body":"evenings like this and get"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":500.969,"endTime":502.679,"body":"involved?"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":502.0,"endTime":504.79,"body":"I think it's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":502.0,"endTime":504.79,"body":"just the fascination. It's the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":504.79,"endTime":508.48,"body":"fact that any moment any of the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":504.79,"endTime":508.48,"body":"people that are out tonight"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":508.51,"endTime":512.26,"body":"could walk over to a harp trap"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":508.51,"endTime":512.26,"body":"or mist net, and catch an animal"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":512.26,"endTime":515.86,"body":"that's flown in from 1000s of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":512.26,"endTime":515.86,"body":"kilometres away and learn"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":515.86,"endTime":518.77,"body":"something new that nobody knows"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":515.86,"endTime":518.77,"body":"about, or nobody's ever seen"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":518.77,"endTime":523.24,"body":"before. And I think that gives"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":518.77,"endTime":523.24,"body":"us a unique opportunity. Often,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":523.27,"endTime":525.01,"body":"you know, there's a lot of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":523.27,"endTime":525.01,"body":"people that go out bird"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":525.01,"endTime":528.13,"body":"watching, and they get a lot of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":525.01,"endTime":528.13,"body":"satisfaction from seeing"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":528.13,"endTime":531.46,"body":"different birds or birds move in"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":528.13,"endTime":531.46,"body":"long distances to be able to do"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":531.46,"endTime":535.21,"body":"that in settings like this, I"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":531.46,"endTime":535.21,"body":"think is what appeals to us."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":535.8,"endTime":537.81,"body":"And what was it that"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":535.8,"endTime":537.81,"body":"sparked your love of bats in the"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":537.93,"endTime":539.7,"body":"in the first place? What kicked"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":537.93,"endTime":539.7,"body":"it all off."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":539.0,"endTime":543.23,"body":"It was a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":539.0,"endTime":543.23,"body":"primary school project on bats"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":543.23,"endTime":546.38,"body":"we had to choose an animal and I"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":543.23,"endTime":546.38,"body":"can't remember why but I chose"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":546.38,"endTime":553.07,"body":"bats. And I did a little project"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":546.38,"endTime":553.07,"body":"on it. And I purchased a book"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":553.1,"endTime":556.49,"body":"called Which bat is it by Bob"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":553.1,"endTime":556.49,"body":"Stebbings. I remember paying"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":556.49,"endTime":560.0,"body":"three pounds 50 for it, I still"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":556.49,"endTime":560.0,"body":"have that book to treasure it"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":560.12,"endTime":563.93,"body":"and at the age of seven, I don't"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":560.12,"endTime":563.93,"body":"know why I was fascinated in the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":564.41,"endTime":567.41,"body":"penis shapes of bats over"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":564.41,"endTime":567.41,"body":"dentition over whiskered or"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":567.41,"endTime":570.41,"body":"Brandt's bats Perhaps it was"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":567.41,"endTime":570.41,"body":"slightly unusual. I should have"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":570.41,"endTime":574.37,"body":"been reading children's books"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":570.41,"endTime":574.37,"body":"but I was fascinated by this"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":574.37,"endTime":577.88,"body":"book. And then later that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":574.37,"endTime":577.88,"body":"summer, I was asked to rescue"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":578.6,"endTime":581.6,"body":"rescue a back from the school"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":578.6,"endTime":581.6,"body":"kitchen or the school canteen."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":582.2,"endTime":585.23,"body":"And really I wasn't rescuing a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":582.2,"endTime":585.23,"body":"bat I was rescuing the dinner"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":585.23,"endTime":588.53,"body":"ladies that were all screaming"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":585.23,"endTime":588.53,"body":"and cowering in a corner. And"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":588.53,"endTime":591.2,"body":"after that I just fell in love"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":588.53,"endTime":591.2,"body":"with them. And I've been"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":591.26,"endTime":592.55,"body":"studying them ever since."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":593.18,"endTime":595.61,"body":"And what can we do as"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":593.18,"endTime":595.61,"body":"bat groups to inspire younger"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":595.61,"endTime":597.56,"body":"people to get involved because"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":595.61,"endTime":597.56,"body":"at some point we're not going to"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":597.56,"endTime":599.51,"body":"be here. What is it that we need"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":597.56,"endTime":599.51,"body":"to do?"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":599.55,"endTime":600.87,"body":"Yeah, I think"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":599.55,"endTime":600.87,"body":"We just need to get them"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":600.87,"endTime":604.77,"body":"involved, we need to reach out"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":600.87,"endTime":604.77,"body":"to them really, it's very easy"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":604.77,"endTime":608.37,"body":"for us that are driving around"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":604.77,"endTime":608.37,"body":"and working at night to ignore"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":608.37,"endTime":612.57,"body":"children completely. But if it"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":608.37,"endTime":612.57,"body":"wasn't, for me, being at school"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":612.57,"endTime":616.17,"body":"doing small projects on bats, I"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":612.57,"endTime":616.17,"body":"wouldn't be sat here doing this"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":616.17,"endTime":619.8,"body":"now. So I think, even sometimes,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":616.17,"endTime":619.8,"body":"if it feels futile, or you think"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":619.8,"endTime":622.56,"body":"the children aren't listening,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":619.8,"endTime":622.56,"body":"it only takes one or two"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":622.56,"endTime":625.83,"body":"individuals to get an interest."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":622.56,"endTime":625.83,"body":"And you never know where that's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":625.83,"endTime":628.86,"body":"going to lead them. And I think"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":625.83,"endTime":628.86,"body":"we should always be thinking"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":628.86,"endTime":632.22,"body":"about young people in the next"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":628.86,"endTime":632.22,"body":"generation of bat workers that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":632.22,"endTime":634.5,"body":"are going to come through and"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":632.22,"endTime":634.5,"body":"the best time to capture"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":634.5,"endTime":637.65,"body":"somebody's imagination, is when"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":634.5,"endTime":637.65,"body":"they've got an open mind. And"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":637.65,"endTime":639.0,"body":"that's often when they're a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":637.65,"endTime":639.0,"body":"child."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":640.11,"endTime":642.39,"body":"And turning away from"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":640.11,"endTime":642.39,"body":"the UK for a moment, you've also"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":642.39,"endTime":645.21,"body":"set up a very successful project"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":642.39,"endTime":645.21,"body":"on the Caribbean island of"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":645.24,"endTime":647.82,"body":"Trinidad, which you've"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":645.24,"endTime":647.82,"body":"charismatically called Trini"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":647.82,"endTime":650.25,"body":"bats. How did that come about?"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":647.82,"endTime":650.25,"body":"And what made you want to set"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":650.25,"endTime":651.06,"body":"that project up?"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":651.33,"endTime":655.17,"body":"Yeah, that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":651.33,"endTime":655.17,"body":"was an interesting route really."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":655.17,"endTime":659.85,"body":"We I went to Trinidad in 2009,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":655.17,"endTime":659.85,"body":"with Bat Conservation"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":659.85,"endTime":663.81,"body":"International on one of their"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":659.85,"endTime":663.81,"body":"founders circle trips. And"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":663.84,"endTime":668.1,"body":"whilst there I met Geoffery"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":663.84,"endTime":668.1,"body":"Gomes and Jeffrey was the bat"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":668.1,"endTime":671.25,"body":"worker, really, in Trinidad and"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":668.1,"endTime":671.25,"body":"Tobago, it's it's not like the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":671.25,"endTime":674.28,"body":"UK, if you're asked how many"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":671.25,"endTime":674.28,"body":"people are interested in bats it"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":674.28,"endTime":679.05,"body":"was just Jeffrey. He was the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":674.28,"endTime":679.05,"body":"only member really of what, you"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":679.05,"endTime":682.77,"body":"know what we wouldn't see as a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":679.05,"endTime":682.77,"body":"bat group in Trinidad. And the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":682.77,"endTime":686.22,"body":"problem was Jeffrey was saying"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":682.77,"endTime":686.22,"body":"that bats in Trinidad, they were"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":687.78,"endTime":693.27,"body":"the regulations stated that they"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":687.78,"endTime":693.27,"body":"were vermin. And to try to get"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":693.27,"endTime":696.72,"body":"any sort of funding or money to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":693.27,"endTime":696.72,"body":"study vermin was nigh on"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":697.05,"endTime":699.42,"body":"impossible. And we thought,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":697.05,"endTime":699.42,"body":"well, obviously, they're not"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":699.42,"endTime":703.65,"body":"vermin, there was 68 species of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":699.42,"endTime":703.65,"body":"bats in Trinidad and Tobago, and"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":703.65,"endTime":706.71,"body":"over half of them were"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":703.65,"endTime":706.71,"body":"pollinators and seed disperses."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":707.19,"endTime":710.52,"body":"And you know, not just about"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":707.19,"endTime":710.52,"body":"what I'm doing is pest"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":710.52,"endTime":713.76,"body":"controllers. So it was"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":710.52,"endTime":713.76,"body":"interesting that a country could"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":713.79,"endTime":716.76,"body":"class something as vermin that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":713.79,"endTime":716.76,"body":"they knew very little about. So"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":717.15,"endTime":720.18,"body":"I spoke to Jeffrey and he said,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":717.15,"endTime":720.18,"body":"You know, I'd love to harness"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":720.18,"endTime":723.6,"body":"some of the energy from the UK"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":720.18,"endTime":723.6,"body":"from the rest of the world, get"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":723.6,"endTime":726.93,"body":"people interested in bats. What"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":723.6,"endTime":726.93,"body":"can we do about it? So I"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":726.93,"endTime":729.06,"body":"thought, Okay, well, the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":726.93,"endTime":729.06,"body":"Caribbean sounds like a nice"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":729.06,"endTime":732.57,"body":"place to work. And I'm sure if"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":729.06,"endTime":732.57,"body":"you ask many bat workers do the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":732.57,"endTime":735.84,"body":"fancy a couple of weeks on the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":732.57,"endTime":735.84,"body":"Caribbean, looking at exotic"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":735.84,"endTime":738.9,"body":"bats that they'd say yes, that's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":735.84,"endTime":738.9,"body":"how it was born, really. We"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":738.9,"endTime":745.02,"body":"started doing ecotourism trips."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":738.9,"endTime":745.02,"body":"And we started a an NGO called"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":745.02,"endTime":747.69,"body":"Trini bats. And the rest is"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":745.02,"endTime":747.69,"body":"history, we've been doing that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":747.69,"endTime":751.5,"body":"for 10 years, it's been very"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":747.69,"endTime":751.5,"body":"successful. We've managed to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":751.5,"endTime":754.98,"body":"change for legislation. So bats"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":751.5,"endTime":754.98,"body":"aren't classed as vermin"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":754.98,"endTime":758.19,"body":"anymore. They are a protected"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":754.98,"endTime":758.19,"body":"species. But more importantly,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":758.19,"endTime":760.92,"body":"we've done a lot of social"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":758.19,"endTime":760.92,"body":"outreach to people. And we have"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":760.95,"endTime":764.67,"body":"a big Facebook page. And it's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":760.95,"endTime":764.67,"body":"open people's minds about bats,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":764.67,"endTime":768.72,"body":"there was mysterious creatures"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":764.67,"endTime":768.72,"body":"that never, nobody ever saw. And"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":768.72,"endTime":772.62,"body":"Jeffrey has been very proactive"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":768.72,"endTime":772.62,"body":"on social media. And that's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":772.65,"endTime":776.55,"body":"generated a lot of interest. And"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":772.65,"endTime":776.55,"body":"people are interested in what we"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":776.55,"endTime":779.19,"body":"are doing, which can only only"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":776.55,"endTime":779.19,"body":"benefit the bats."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":780.3,"endTime":783.42,"body":"And out of those 68"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":780.3,"endTime":783.42,"body":"species, so there any out there"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":783.42,"endTime":785.13,"body":"that we would recognise from the"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":783.42,"endTime":785.13,"body":"UK,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":786.05,"endTime":788.42,"body":"We wouldn't"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":786.05,"endTime":788.42,"body":"there's several Myotis species"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":788.48,"endTime":792.35,"body":"that are as difficult to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":788.48,"endTime":792.35,"body":"identify as some of some of our"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":792.35,"endTime":797.36,"body":"species. But really, a lot of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":792.35,"endTime":797.36,"body":"them are doing similar roles to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":797.36,"endTime":800.39,"body":"what to what our bats are doing"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":797.36,"endTime":800.39,"body":"over here. So you wouldn't,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":800.45,"endTime":802.94,"body":"there wouldn't be any bats, for"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":800.45,"endTime":802.94,"body":"instance, that you would find"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":802.94,"endTime":806.72,"body":"here or you would find in the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":802.94,"endTime":806.72,"body":"Caribbean. But the Myotis bats"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":806.72,"endTime":810.68,"body":"are out there. The rest of the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":806.72,"endTime":810.68,"body":"bats are all fruit nectar, sea"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":810.68,"endTime":814.58,"body":"disperses and carnivorous bats"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":810.68,"endTime":814.58,"body":"as fishing bats out there. But"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":814.58,"endTime":816.71,"body":"if you look at what they're"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":814.58,"endTime":816.71,"body":"doing in their environment, it's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":816.71,"endTime":819.2,"body":"exactly the same as what our"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":816.71,"endTime":819.2,"body":"bats are doing here. They've all"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":819.2,"endTime":824.12,"body":"found their niche of a wave feed"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":819.2,"endTime":824.12,"body":"in niche ecology. And you know,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":824.12,"endTime":826.49,"body":"it's the same as our bats. We've"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":824.12,"endTime":826.49,"body":"just got far fewer of the"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":827.41,"endTime":828.79,"body":"Presumerably, but"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":827.41,"endTime":828.79,"body":"it's got the advantage if you"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":828.79,"endTime":830.35,"body":"don't have to go into"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":828.79,"endTime":830.35,"body":"hibernation over the winter"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":830.35,"endTime":830.95,"body":"ever."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":831.0,"endTime":833.31,"body":"Absolutely."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":831.0,"endTime":833.31,"body":"Absolutely. You got food all"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":833.31,"endTime":835.92,"body":"year round, but you have"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":833.31,"endTime":835.92,"body":"different seasons. So you have a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":835.92,"endTime":839.4,"body":"dry in a wet season. And you've"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":835.92,"endTime":839.4,"body":"exactly like the bats here,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":839.4,"endTime":843.51,"body":"they've got to to be able to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":839.4,"endTime":843.51,"body":"change their behaviour to match"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":843.51,"endTime":846.48,"body":"the season. So they might be"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":843.51,"endTime":846.48,"body":"eating certain fruits. In the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":846.48,"endTime":850.11,"body":"wet season, they might switch to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":846.48,"endTime":850.11,"body":"flowers in the dry season. And"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":850.11,"endTime":853.11,"body":"same for insectivorous bats. So"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":850.11,"endTime":853.11,"body":"you would get migratory bats"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":853.11,"endTime":856.53,"body":"through the Caribbean that would"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":853.11,"endTime":856.53,"body":"need to move to find more food"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":856.53,"endTime":858.15,"body":"or to find better breeding"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":856.53,"endTime":858.15,"body":"grounds."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":858.36,"endTime":860.13,"body":"Briefly describe the"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":858.36,"endTime":860.13,"body":"Islands for us you know,"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":860.22,"endTime":862.77,"body":"presumably we're thinking it's a"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":860.22,"endTime":862.77,"body":"tropical place with lots of rain"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":862.77,"endTime":865.26,"body":"forests, how sort of how large"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":862.77,"endTime":865.26,"body":"is it? What's what sort of"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":865.26,"endTime":866.31,"body":"habitats are out there?"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":866.36,"endTime":869.42,"body":"Interesting."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":866.36,"endTime":869.42,"body":"Yeah, it's so Trinidad. Tobago"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":869.42,"endTime":872.51,"body":"is a lot smaller. Tobago is"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":869.42,"endTime":872.51,"body":"north of Trinidad, but if you"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":872.51,"endTime":875.36,"body":"look on a map, you've got"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":872.51,"endTime":875.36,"body":"Venezuela, and then right next"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":875.36,"endTime":878.9,"body":"to it only seven kilometres off"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":875.36,"endTime":878.9,"body":"the coast. You've got Trinidad"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":879.2,"endTime":881.99,"body":"and it's not it's not a big"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":879.2,"endTime":881.99,"body":"island. Its shape is a bit like"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":881.99,"endTime":885.68,"body":"Wales, but much smaller. You"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":881.99,"endTime":885.68,"body":"could probably drive north to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":885.68,"endTime":890.15,"body":"south in half a day. It's not a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":885.68,"endTime":890.15,"body":"huge island, but it's got lots"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":890.15,"endTime":893.87,"body":"of mixed habitat and because"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":890.15,"endTime":893.87,"body":"it's so close to Venezuela, the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":893.87,"endTime":899.42,"body":"fauna and the the environment"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":893.87,"endTime":899.42,"body":"really represent Venezuela. I"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":899.42,"endTime":901.94,"body":"was in South America than what"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":899.42,"endTime":901.94,"body":"they do the rest of the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":901.94,"endTime":906.05,"body":"Caribbean, it's a unique island"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":901.94,"endTime":906.05,"body":"68 species of bats, it's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":906.08,"endTime":909.95,"body":"unparalleled in the rest of the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":906.08,"endTime":909.95,"body":"Caribbean. And what's what's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":909.95,"endTime":913.67,"body":"been good for Trinidad and"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":909.95,"endTime":913.67,"body":"Tobago, there's lots of lots of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":913.67,"endTime":917.21,"body":"hills, lots of ridges, lots of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":913.67,"endTime":917.21,"body":"areas that are difficult to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":917.21,"endTime":919.97,"body":"cultivate. And I think that's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":917.21,"endTime":919.97,"body":"what's really helped protect the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":919.97,"endTime":923.6,"body":"forest. And they've got lots of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":919.97,"endTime":923.6,"body":"protected reserves out there,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":923.63,"endTime":926.3,"body":"and they've got some urban areas"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":923.63,"endTime":926.3,"body":"mixed in. And that's why you get"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":926.3,"endTime":928.67,"body":"such a diversity of species."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":929.33,"endTime":931.52,"body":"And just before we go"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":929.33,"endTime":931.52,"body":"and check the harp traps that"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":931.52,"endTime":933.8,"body":"we've got set up tonight, what"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":931.52,"endTime":933.8,"body":"do you say in the future about"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":933.8,"endTime":935.18,"body":"conservation holds for us?"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":937.41,"endTime":939.75,"body":"Good question"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":937.41,"endTime":939.75,"body":"really, is often people often"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":939.75,"endTime":942.15,"body":"think we need to conserve the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":939.75,"endTime":942.15,"body":"bats, we need to be helping the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":942.15,"endTime":945.36,"body":"bats as much as possible. And"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":942.15,"endTime":945.36,"body":"really, it's about looking after"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":945.36,"endTime":948.33,"body":"the environment, looking at what"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":945.36,"endTime":948.33,"body":"the bats need, and what we can"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":948.33,"endTime":952.92,"body":"do as individuals to support"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":948.33,"endTime":952.92,"body":"that. So early days, it was all"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":952.92,"endTime":956.55,"body":"about trying to see what bats we"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":952.92,"endTime":956.55,"body":"have working out what bats were."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":957.03,"endTime":958.95,"body":"And really what we should be"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":957.03,"endTime":958.95,"body":"doing is looking at what the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":958.95,"endTime":961.62,"body":"bats need from us what they need"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":958.95,"endTime":961.62,"body":"from the environment, what sort"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":961.62,"endTime":965.01,"body":"of landscape they need, what"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":961.62,"endTime":965.01,"body":"sort of scale of landscape they"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":965.01,"endTime":967.92,"body":"need. And that's what I think we"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":965.01,"endTime":967.92,"body":"should be, we should be looking"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":967.92,"endTime":970.95,"body":"at. And there's a few ways of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":967.92,"endTime":970.95,"body":"doing that. But one is educating"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":970.95,"endTime":974.13,"body":"people that, you know, we need"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":970.95,"endTime":974.13,"body":"to understand what the bats"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":974.13,"endTime":977.25,"body":"need, and then people need to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":974.13,"endTime":977.25,"body":"understand that, but also the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":977.25,"endTime":980.43,"body":"damage that we are potentially"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":977.25,"endTime":980.43,"body":"causing just by the way that we"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":980.43,"endTime":983.28,"body":"are living. So I think, you"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":980.43,"endTime":983.28,"body":"know, thinking for the future, I"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":983.28,"endTime":985.95,"body":"think we're in a very good place"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":983.28,"endTime":985.95,"body":"at the minute in the UK, there's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":985.95,"endTime":988.71,"body":"lots of people that are"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":985.95,"endTime":988.71,"body":"interested in helping the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":988.71,"endTime":992.07,"body":"environment, but they're"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":988.71,"endTime":992.07,"body":"interested in it and not"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":992.07,"endTime":994.74,"body":"necessarily taking action to do"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":992.07,"endTime":994.74,"body":"it. And I think that's the next"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":994.74,"endTime":997.74,"body":"stage really, is to say if you"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":994.74,"endTime":997.74,"body":"do this, it's going to benefit"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":997.74,"endTime":1001.01,"body":"these animals by this and I"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":997.74,"endTime":1001.01,"body":"think that's probably what we"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1001.0,"endTime":1004.81,"body":"Great, thanks better"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1001.0,"endTime":1004.81,"body":"go check a harp trap. Excellent."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1001.01,"endTime":1001.67,"body":"need to push on."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1011.8,"endTime":1014.11,"body":"This audible clicking you can"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1011.8,"endTime":1014.11,"body":"hear is the sound of the"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1014.11,"endTime":1017.29,"body":"acoustic lure which is set up at"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1014.11,"endTime":1017.29,"body":"this harp trap. But if we slow"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1017.29,"endTime":1019.78,"body":"it down by 10 times this is what"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1017.29,"endTime":1019.78,"body":"it sounds like."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1034.0,"endTime":1037.27,"body":"So it's about 20 past 8 and"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1034.0,"endTime":1037.27,"body":"we've just pulled out a third"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1037.27,"endTime":1040.75,"body":"Nathusius' Yes. And what sort of"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1037.27,"endTime":1040.75,"body":"things we're looking for"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1040.75,"endTime":1044.5,"body":"detail so to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1040.75,"endTime":1044.5,"body":"make sure everything's accurate"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1044.5,"endTime":1047.32,"body":"we have a data sheet over teams"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1044.5,"endTime":1047.32,"body":"are following we were looking"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1047.32,"endTime":1050.47,"body":"for biometric data so the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1047.32,"endTime":1050.47,"body":"weights and measurements the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1050.47,"endTime":1056.53,"body":"forearm and identification"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1050.47,"endTime":1056.53,"body":"features I'm just weighing the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1056.53,"endTime":1064.27,"body":"bat and the bag now just 38.5"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1056.53,"endTime":1064.27,"body":"Quickly, take him or her out of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1064.27,"endTime":1093.76,"body":"the bag. So it's easy math 28.5"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1064.27,"endTime":1093.76,"body":"bats weighing 10 grams which is"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1093.76,"endTime":1097.24,"body":"not a lot real if you think"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1093.76,"endTime":1097.24,"body":"about probably the same as what"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1097.27,"endTime":1099.49,"body":"50 pence piece slightly less"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1100.03,"endTime":1102.58,"body":"And do male and"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1100.03,"endTime":1102.58,"body":"female parts have different"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1102.58,"endTime":1103.81,"body":"weights for the same species?"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1105.04,"endTime":1107.95,"body":"Yeah, we've"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1105.04,"endTime":1107.95,"body":"noticed lately that females are"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1107.95,"endTime":1111.61,"body":"slightly heavier than the males."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1107.95,"endTime":1111.61,"body":"But I think that's just the time"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1111.61,"endTime":1115.57,"body":"of year. Males are slightly more"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1111.61,"endTime":1115.57,"body":"active. They've got other things"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1115.57,"endTime":1119.05,"body":"on their mind. I think the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1115.57,"endTime":1119.05,"body":"females are spending a bit more"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1119.05,"endTime":1122.53,"body":"time feeding. I'm just going to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1119.05,"endTime":1122.53,"body":"measure the forearm."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1129.74,"endTime":1134.856,"body":"Which is 34.3 and we'll also"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1129.74,"endTime":1134.856,"body":"measure her fifth finger which"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1134.943,"endTime":1140.232,"body":"gives us an indication of the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1134.943,"endTime":1140.232,"body":"species we know what species it"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1140.319,"endTime":1145.522,"body":"is. It's quite easy to tell a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1140.319,"endTime":1145.522,"body":"pipistrelle weighing 10 gramss"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1145.609,"endTime":1151.072,"body":"is really quite large. I often"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1145.609,"endTime":1151.072,"body":"think of things like Daubenton's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1151.159,"endTime":1156.275,"body":"and Natterer's would be a big"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1151.159,"endTime":1156.275,"body":"bat. This pipistrelle is even"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1156.362,"endTime":1161.652,"body":"bigger. Fifth finger measurement"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1156.362,"endTime":1161.652,"body":"44. So the ratio between the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1161.738,"endTime":1166.248,"body":"length of the fifth finger in"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1161.738,"endTime":1166.248,"body":"the forearm, often for"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1166.334,"endTime":1171.451,"body":"Nathusius' pipistrelles is"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1166.334,"endTime":1171.451,"body":"greater than 1.25. So we've been"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1171.537,"endTime":1177.087,"body":"collecting that data just to see"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1171.537,"endTime":1177.087,"body":"how accurate that is. So in the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1177.174,"endTime":1182.204,"body":"future, we can rely reliably say"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1177.174,"endTime":1182.204,"body":"if it's an identification"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1182.29,"endTime":1187.754,"body":"feature or not. But just looking"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1182.29,"endTime":1187.754,"body":"at this pipistrelle Well, it's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1187.84,"endTime":1193.13,"body":"in my hand, it's much larger"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1187.84,"endTime":1193.13,"body":"than a standard pipistrelle it's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1193.217,"endTime":1198.593,"body":"got incredibly dense, shaggy fur"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1193.217,"endTime":1198.593,"body":"and the underside is slightly"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1198.68,"endTime":1203.796,"body":"paler. And on the back, it's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1198.68,"endTime":1203.796,"body":"sort of a white creamy colour,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1203.883,"endTime":1208.913,"body":"where the dorsel fur is much"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1203.883,"endTime":1208.913,"body":"browner. And you can see it's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1209.0,"endTime":1214.549,"body":"built for migration really, it's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1209.0,"endTime":1214.549,"body":"built for long distance flying,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1214.636,"endTime":1219.579,"body":"got really strong, broad"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1214.636,"endTime":1219.579,"body":"shoulders. And it's really dense"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1219.666,"endTime":1224.522,"body":"fur to keep it warm and the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1219.666,"endTime":1224.522,"body":"further extend about halfway"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1224.609,"endTime":1229.985,"body":"down the tail membrane. They say"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1224.609,"endTime":1229.985,"body":"it's really dense. But if you"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1230.072,"endTime":1235.275,"body":"look at the back, she's almost"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1230.072,"endTime":1235.275,"body":"all sort of shoulder regions,"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1235.362,"endTime":1240.478,"body":"which means she's built for"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1235.362,"endTime":1240.478,"body":"flying. We can also look at the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1240.565,"endTime":1245.334,"body":"venation in the wing, where the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1240.565,"endTime":1245.334,"body":"fibres run. Classic and"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1245.421,"endTime":1250.884,"body":"Nathusius' pip, if we follow the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1245.421,"endTime":1250.884,"body":"fifth finger down to the first"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1250.971,"endTime":1255.914,"body":"knuckle joint, follow that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1250.971,"endTime":1255.914,"body":"fibres as a break going across"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1256.001,"endTime":1261.464,"body":"the cell, which is classic for"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1256.001,"endTime":1261.464,"body":"Nathusius' pipistrelle. So we've"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1261.551,"endTime":1266.754,"body":"got a female adult Nathusius'"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1261.551,"endTime":1266.754,"body":"pipistrelle. He's got a little"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1266.84,"endTime":1272.304,"body":"bit of a nipple looks like she's"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1266.84,"endTime":1272.304,"body":"possibly bred before, probably"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1272.39,"endTime":1277.246,"body":"earlier this year. And next"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1272.39,"endTime":1277.246,"body":"thing we want to do is put a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1277.333,"endTime":1282.276,"body":"ring on her forearm. And we"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1277.333,"endTime":1282.276,"body":"generally ring with ladies on"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1282.363,"endTime":1287.306,"body":"the left, and males on the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1282.363,"endTime":1287.306,"body":"right. And these rings, it's a"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1287.392,"endTime":1292.769,"body":"small metal band says London zoo"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1287.392,"endTime":1292.769,"body":"at the top, and then a number"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1292.856,"endTime":1297.885,"body":"below it and this one is J 6420."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1292.856,"endTime":1297.885,"body":"We just place that on the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1297.972,"endTime":1303.002,"body":"forearm, close it down to a gap"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1297.972,"endTime":1303.002,"body":"of about half a mil. So it"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1303.088,"endTime":1308.291,"body":"slides up and down the forearm"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1303.088,"endTime":1308.291,"body":"but, the fifth finger doesn't"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1308.378,"endTime":1313.668,"body":"catch into it, that ring will"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1308.378,"endTime":1313.668,"body":"stay on her for the rest of her"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1313.755,"endTime":1318.437,"body":"life. And if we're lucky, when"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1313.755,"endTime":1318.437,"body":"she's recaptured, we'll"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1318.524,"endTime":1323.987,"body":"understand exactly where she was"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1318.524,"endTime":1323.987,"body":"caught. And we start to get an"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1324.074,"endTime":1329.537,"body":"idea of the age of the animal."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1324.074,"endTime":1329.537,"body":"So once we have all the data, we"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1329.624,"endTime":1335.087,"body":"just check, check the sheet that"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1329.624,"endTime":1335.087,"body":"it's all written in correctly."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1335.174,"endTime":1340.204,"body":"And then we'll be ready to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1335.174,"endTime":1340.204,"body":"release her. Nice you can start"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1340.29,"endTime":1345.32,"body":"to see just under her skin."},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1340.29,"endTime":1345.32,"body":"She's starting to put a lot of"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1345.407,"endTime":1350.61,"body":"fat on getting ready for the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1345.407,"endTime":1350.61,"body":"winter. So you can actually see"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1350.696,"endTime":1355.986,"body":"visible fat often round by the"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1350.696,"endTime":1355.986,"body":"tail membrane, and on her back"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1356.073,"endTime":1361.016,"body":"this backfat which is going to"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1356.073,"endTime":1361.016,"body":"see her through the winter"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1361.103,"endTime":1366.479,"body":"months when there's less insects"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1361.103,"endTime":1366.479,"body":"flying. So she's doing really"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1366.566,"endTime":1372.202,"body":"well for herself. She's nice and"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1366.566,"endTime":1372.202,"body":"warm. I will let her go and just"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1372.289,"endTime":1378.62,"body":"follow in our talk like to make"},{"speaker":"Daniel Hargreaves","startTime":1372.289,"endTime":1378.62,"body":"sure she's flown away. Nicely. Excellent."},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1378.68,"endTime":1381.491,"body":"Great. That's it for"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1378.68,"endTime":1381.491,"body":"this week, but a small request"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1381.546,"endTime":1384.743,"body":"from us here at BatChat. If"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1381.546,"endTime":1384.743,"body":"you're listening to us via the"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1384.798,"endTime":1388.27,"body":"apple podcasts app. We'd love to"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1384.798,"endTime":1388.27,"body":"hear your views about the show"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1388.326,"endTime":1391.743,"body":"using their ratings and reviews"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1388.326,"endTime":1391.743,"body":"box. If you're listening via a"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1391.798,"endTime":1394.775,"body":"different platform, join the"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1391.798,"endTime":1394.775,"body":"conversation online using"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1394.83,"endTime":1398.137,"body":"hashtag BatChat. We're back in"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1394.83,"endTime":1398.137,"body":"two weeks time talking to the"},{"speaker":"Steve Roe","startTime":1398.192,"endTime":1399.35,"body":"bat workers of Wales."}]}