{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":17.55,"endTime":19.59,"body":"This"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":17.55,"endTime":19.59,"body":"is Keeping It 101, a killjoy's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":19.59,"endTime":23.7,"body":"introduction to religion"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":19.59,"endTime":23.7,"body":"podcast. In 2021 and 2022, our"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":23.7,"endTime":26.16,"body":"work is made possible through a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":23.7,"endTime":26.16,"body":"Public Humanities Fellowship"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":26.16,"endTime":28.59,"body":"from the University of Vermont's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":26.16,"endTime":28.59,"body":"Humanities Center. We're"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":28.59,"endTime":30.9,"body":"grateful to live, teach, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":28.59,"endTime":30.9,"body":"record on the current,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":30.9,"endTime":34.53,"body":"ancestral, and unceded lands of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":30.9,"endTime":34.53,"body":"the Abenaki, Wabenaki, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":34.56,"endTime":37.71,"body":"Aucocisco peoples. And as"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":34.56,"endTime":37.71,"body":"always, you can find material"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":37.71,"endTime":40.65,"body":"ways to support indigenous"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":37.71,"endTime":40.65,"body":"communities on our website."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":41.34,"endTime":44.49,"body":"What is up,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":41.34,"endTime":44.49,"body":"nerds? Hi, hello. I'm Megan"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":44.49,"endTime":47.25,"body":"Goodwin, a scholar of American"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":44.49,"endTime":47.25,"body":"religions, race, and gender!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":47.61,"endTime":49.23,"body":"Hi,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":47.61,"endTime":49.23,"body":"hello. I'm Ilyse Morgenstein"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":49.23,"endTime":52.17,"body":"Fuerst, a historian of religion,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":49.23,"endTime":52.17,"body":"Islam, race and racialization,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":52.17,"endTime":53.31,"body":"and South Asia."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":54.27,"endTime":55.29,"body":"IRMF. We're back!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":55.6,"endTime":57.04,"body":"We"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":55.6,"endTime":57.04,"body":"really are. I know it's been a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":57.04,"endTime":59.62,"body":"few weeks-- we've been"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":57.04,"endTime":59.62,"body":"book-writing, and resting, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":59.65,"endTime":62.59,"body":"grant-applying, and yelling into"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":59.65,"endTime":62.59,"body":"various abysses."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":62.59,"endTime":62.62,"body":"*chuckles*"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":63.49,"endTime":66.49,"body":"Is..."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":63.49,"endTime":66.49,"body":"is it still season four? Are we"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":66.49,"endTime":70.12,"body":"still doing a HISTORY OF THE"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":66.49,"endTime":70.12,"body":"WORLD (RELIGIONS) PART 1 bit?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":70.45,"endTime":73.48,"body":"Hell yeah, we"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":70.45,"endTime":73.48,"body":"are! Of course we are! We both"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":73.48,"endTime":77.38,"body":"know we could spend the rest of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":73.48,"endTime":77.38,"body":"our podcasting careers, such as"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":77.38,"endTime":80.32,"body":"they are, just on world"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":77.38,"endTime":80.32,"body":"religions, and its problems, and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":80.32,"endTime":82.84,"body":"then the wide variety of actual"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":80.32,"endTime":82.84,"body":"religiona, so like.... y-yeah,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":83.32,"endTime":85.24,"body":"we're gonna do a couple more"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":83.32,"endTime":85.24,"body":"episodes on this."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":85.93,"endTime":88.33,"body":"Amazing."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":85.93,"endTime":88.33,"body":"And good. You know that I would"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":88.33,"endTime":92.41,"body":"make Mel Brooks jokes, and Mel"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":88.33,"endTime":92.41,"body":"Brooks adjacent jokes, forever."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":92.86,"endTime":93.94,"body":"I know, friend. I"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":92.86,"endTime":93.94,"body":"know."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":94.23,"endTime":96.06,"body":"But! I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":94.23,"endTime":96.06,"body":"gather that we're not on the mic"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":96.12,"endTime":98.67,"body":"to let me make 30-50 year old"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":96.12,"endTime":98.67,"body":"jokes."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":99.48,"endTime":101.76,"body":"I mean... Not"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":99.48,"endTime":101.76,"body":"just. Not just."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":101.76,"endTime":103.68,"body":"I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":101.76,"endTime":103.68,"body":"assume we're back recording so"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":103.68,"endTime":106.14,"body":"that we can actually do the work"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":103.68,"endTime":106.14,"body":"of History of the World"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":106.14,"endTime":109.02,"body":"(Religions) Part 1, now with"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":106.14,"endTime":109.02,"body":"more religiony goodness."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":109.2,"endTime":111.93,"body":"Yes, please! That"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":109.2,"endTime":111.93,"body":"is the sort of thing that we are"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":111.93,"endTime":113.73,"body":"doing. So... shall we?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":114.48,"endTime":116.34,"body":"We"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":114.48,"endTime":116.34,"body":"certainly shall, Megan, because"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":116.34,"endTime":121.26,"body":"it's a beautiful day! Because"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":116.34,"endTime":121.26,"body":"today-- today, Megan--  today..."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":121.29,"endTime":121.68,"body":"Yeah?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":121.71,"endTime":123.42,"body":"We do"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":121.71,"endTime":123.42,"body":"the first of two consecutive"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":123.42,"endTime":125.64,"body":"episodes on... Islam."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":125.7,"endTime":126.27,"body":"What?!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":126.3,"endTime":127.86,"body":"Which"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":126.3,"endTime":127.86,"body":"means for once I can use the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":127.89,"endTime":131.61,"body":"easy parts of my expertise and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":127.89,"endTime":131.61,"body":"not draw on all the other stuff"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":131.61,"endTime":133.65,"body":"I'm forced to know because"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":131.61,"endTime":133.65,"body":"teaching religion in the US to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":133.65,"endTime":135.84,"body":"Americans like me means being"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":133.65,"endTime":135.84,"body":"able to talk broadly, all the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":135.84,"endTime":137.52,"body":"time, and specifically,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":137.76,"endTime":139.53,"body":"But the good part"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":137.76,"endTime":139.53,"body":"about that is that you're not"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":139.53,"endTime":140.82,"body":"bitter at all. Like, at all."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":140.69,"endTime":143.27,"body":"No!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":140.69,"endTime":143.27,"body":"No. Today, I'm a proper expert,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":143.27,"endTime":144.56,"body":"and I couldn't be happier."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":144.8,"endTime":148.97,"body":"I mean, like, I'm"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":144.8,"endTime":148.97,"body":"happy for you! I am also in awe"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":148.97,"endTime":152.96,"body":"of the amount of shade you can"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":148.97,"endTime":152.96,"body":"throw, given your tiny person."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":154.31,"endTime":158.24,"body":"Alright! You came to play, and I"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":154.31,"endTime":158.24,"body":"love that about you. I am here"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":158.24,"endTime":162.17,"body":"for all of you even, perhaps"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":158.24,"endTime":162.17,"body":"especially, for the shadiest"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":162.17,"endTime":167.24,"body":"parts. That is neither here nor"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":162.17,"endTime":167.24,"body":"there. But please, tell me, Dr."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":167.24,"endTime":170.27,"body":"Expert, what's your agenda"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":167.24,"endTime":170.27,"body":"today, since you are.. *laughs*"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":171.17,"endTime":173.09,"body":"clearly revved up? Let's go!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":173.63,"endTime":175.7,"body":"I'm so"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":173.63,"endTime":175.7,"body":"glad you asked, Megan. This is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":175.79,"endTime":179.18,"body":"HISTORY OF THE WORLD (RELIGIONS)"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":175.79,"endTime":179.18,"body":"PART 1, and we've got two Islam"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":179.18,"endTime":181.91,"body":"episodes back to back. We've"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":179.18,"endTime":181.91,"body":"talked about Islam before,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":181.91,"endTime":182.42,"body":"though."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":182.48,"endTime":185.45,"body":"Yeah, we sure"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":182.48,"endTime":185.45,"body":"have! Let's see. Episode 307:"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":185.63,"endTime":188.93,"body":"You Don't Know About Islam, and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":185.63,"endTime":188.93,"body":"episode 308, where we talked"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":188.93,"endTime":192.8,"body":"jinns with Dr. Ali Olomi (that's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":188.93,"endTime":192.8,"body":"a personal fave), and... oh"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":192.8,"endTime":196.91,"body":"yeah! Like, way back in season"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":192.8,"endTime":196.91,"body":"one, episode 5, episode 105,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":197.06,"endTime":198.2,"body":"where we talked about how hajj!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":198.41,"endTime":200.12,"body":"You"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":198.41,"endTime":200.12,"body":"love a callback so much."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":200.21,"endTime":200.9,"body":"You know it!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":201.41,"endTime":203.0,"body":"So,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":201.41,"endTime":203.0,"body":"yes. We've done that, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":203.0,"endTime":206.3,"body":"obviously, I talk about Islam"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":203.0,"endTime":206.3,"body":"and Muslims regularly, like,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":206.3,"endTime":209.3,"body":"across all these episodes."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":206.3,"endTime":209.3,"body":"That's, like, my whole thing."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":209.45,"endTime":212.66,"body":"Yeah, it is. So"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":209.45,"endTime":212.66,"body":"it makes sense that you talk"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":212.66,"endTime":213.8,"body":"about it so much!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":214.25,"endTime":215.99,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":214.25,"endTime":215.99,"body":"what does that mean for us"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":216.02,"endTime":220.16,"body":"today? What are we actually"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":216.02,"endTime":220.16,"body":"doing? Well, what I want us to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":220.16,"endTime":224.69,"body":"do across these two episodes is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":220.16,"endTime":224.69,"body":"talk about variety in Islamic"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":224.69,"endTime":228.2,"body":"practice. We have two-- count"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":224.69,"endTime":228.2,"body":"em, two!-- guests today to help"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":228.2,"endTime":229.37,"body":"us do just that."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":229.57,"endTime":232.66,"body":"That is awesome."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":229.57,"endTime":232.66,"body":"It is so exciting. And, both of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":232.66,"endTime":236.14,"body":"these experts are near and dear"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":232.66,"endTime":236.14,"body":"to us, so it's an honor that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":236.14,"endTime":239.32,"body":"they took the time out to help"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":236.14,"endTime":239.32,"body":"us. Dr. Hussein Rashid is a"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":239.32,"endTime":242.77,"body":"scholar of Muslims in American"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":239.32,"endTime":242.77,"body":"popular culture, and founder of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":242.77,"endTime":247.48,"body":"islamicate, L3C, a consultancy"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":242.77,"endTime":247.48,"body":"focusing on religious literacy"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":247.48,"endTime":250.63,"body":"and cultural competency (and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":247.48,"endTime":250.63,"body":"lord knows we need more of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":250.63,"endTime":253.87,"body":"that). That sounded sarcastic,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":250.63,"endTime":253.87,"body":"but no, I mean it. We really--"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":253.9,"endTime":257.95,"body":"we need lots, lots more of that."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":253.9,"endTime":257.95,"body":"So much more. Thank you, Dr."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":257.98,"endTime":261.79,"body":"Rashid, for helping! And then"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":257.98,"endTime":261.79,"body":"Dr. Kristian Petersen is an"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":261.79,"endTime":263.77,"body":"Assistant Professor in the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":261.79,"endTime":263.77,"body":"Department of Philosophy and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":263.77,"endTime":266.44,"body":"Religious Studies at Old"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":263.77,"endTime":266.44,"body":"Dominion University. He"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":266.44,"endTime":270.1,"body":"specializes in two main areas of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":266.44,"endTime":270.1,"body":"research: the development of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":270.1,"endTime":272.86,"body":"Islam in China, and Muslims in"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":270.1,"endTime":272.86,"body":"cinema."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":274.0,"endTime":275.56,"body":"I've"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":274.0,"endTime":275.56,"body":"learned so much from both of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":275.56,"endTime":277.99,"body":"these scholars over the years"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":275.56,"endTime":277.99,"body":"and I can honestly say that I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":277.99,"endTime":280.78,"body":"miss our coffees, and our teas,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":277.99,"endTime":280.78,"body":"and our hangouts, especially at"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":280.78,"endTime":282.04,"body":"AAR and conferences..."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":282.04,"endTime":282.13,"body":"*sighs* Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":283.09,"endTime":284.95,"body":"So, I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":283.09,"endTime":284.95,"body":"and our listeners will have to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":284.95,"endTime":289.36,"body":"settle for their brilliance on"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":284.95,"endTime":289.36,"body":"the mic. And again-- all we're"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":289.36,"endTime":292.06,"body":"doing is working through"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":289.36,"endTime":292.06,"body":"varieties in Islamic practice"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":292.06,"endTime":296.71,"body":"because in the HISTORY OF THE"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":292.06,"endTime":296.71,"body":"WORLD (RELIGIONS), Islam is so"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":296.71,"endTime":301.54,"body":"maligned, or so collapsed, or so"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":296.71,"endTime":301.54,"body":"oversimplefied, that the very"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":301.54,"endTime":305.92,"body":"least we can do is try to work"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":301.54,"endTime":305.92,"body":"against that. Islam is, like"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":305.92,"endTime":308.29,"body":"most religions, messy as all get"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":305.92,"endTime":308.29,"body":"out."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":308.27,"endTime":311.3,"body":"Yeahhhhh. Yeah."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":308.27,"endTime":311.3,"body":"If that's all we're doing, we"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":311.3,"endTime":314.45,"body":"can totally do that in 45"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":311.3,"endTime":314.45,"body":"minutes. Alright! Anyway. How"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":314.45,"endTime":326.24,"body":"much blood can she have left?!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":314.45,"endTime":326.24,"body":"She's almost-- the lesson plan!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":326.24,"endTime":330.95,"body":"*laughs* I'm gonna miss the Mel"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":326.24,"endTime":330.95,"body":"Brooks jokes when they're gone."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":331.07,"endTime":333.95,"body":"Anyway! Repetition is great"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":331.07,"endTime":333.95,"body":"pedagogy, so we're gonna say it"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":333.95,"endTime":337.04,"body":"again. Today, we are talking"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":333.95,"endTime":337.04,"body":"about Islam for two reasons."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":337.22,"endTime":339.83,"body":"First, because like we've been"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":337.22,"endTime":339.83,"body":"telling you all for all of..."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":339.98,"endTime":344.45,"body":"all of the episodes, truly,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":339.98,"endTime":344.45,"body":"religion is imperial. Religion"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":344.45,"endTime":349.73,"body":"is part of how we have"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":344.45,"endTime":349.73,"body":"structured the contemporary"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":349.73,"endTime":353.03,"body":"world, and it's particularly"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":349.73,"endTime":353.03,"body":"about the dominance of certain"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":353.03,"endTime":357.32,"body":"glosses. And the gloss that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":353.03,"endTime":357.32,"body":"Islam has gotten is particularly"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":357.32,"endTime":361.25,"body":"nasty in the world religions"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":357.32,"endTime":361.25,"body":"paradigm. And second, we don't"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":361.25,"endTime":363.77,"body":"think you can call yourself"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":361.25,"endTime":363.77,"body":"religiously literate without"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":363.77,"endTime":367.64,"body":"actually knowing how Islam is"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":363.77,"endTime":367.64,"body":"practiced in communities, or"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":367.64,"endTime":370.16,"body":"that Islam looks different in"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":367.64,"endTime":370.16,"body":"different regions, and times,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":370.16,"endTime":370.91,"body":"and cultures."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":371.24,"endTime":374.03,"body":"Absolutely."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":371.24,"endTime":374.03,"body":"Which brings us to our thesis!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":374.06,"endTime":378.35,"body":"We've said this before and in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":374.06,"endTime":378.35,"body":"different ways, but 20 plus"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":378.35,"endTime":382.04,"body":"years, after 9/11, 43 years"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":378.35,"endTime":382.04,"body":"after the Iranian Revolution,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":382.04,"endTime":384.5,"body":"and a century and a half after"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":382.04,"endTime":384.5,"body":"the Queen of England assumed"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":384.5,"endTime":388.22,"body":"power over the majority of the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":384.5,"endTime":388.22,"body":"world's Muslims, Islam isn't"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":388.25,"endTime":391.73,"body":"what you think it is, nor what"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":388.25,"endTime":391.73,"body":"those historic moments from the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":391.73,"endTime":395.51,"body":"western perspective would have"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":391.73,"endTime":395.51,"body":"you believe. Precisely because"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":395.51,"endTime":400.19,"body":"what you have learned is tainted"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":395.51,"endTime":400.19,"body":"by these EuroAmerican events."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":401.78,"endTime":404.69,"body":"Islam STILL isn't what you think"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":401.78,"endTime":404.69,"body":"it is, even if you think you"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":404.69,"endTime":407.99,"body":"know better, because few places"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":404.69,"endTime":407.99,"body":"in the US (even Muslim spaces,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":407.99,"endTime":410.75,"body":"if I'm honest) have the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":407.99,"endTime":410.75,"body":"capacity, willingness, or"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":410.75,"endTime":416.12,"body":"mission to represent all sorts"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":410.75,"endTime":416.12,"body":"of Islamic practices as part of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":416.12,"endTime":420.41,"body":"one big whole, at the same time,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":416.12,"endTime":420.41,"body":"across history, at all moments."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":420.63,"endTime":422.4,"body":"Yeah. That's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":420.63,"endTime":422.4,"body":"friggin huge. That's... that's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":422.4,"endTime":425.79,"body":"so much. I think I want to"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":422.4,"endTime":425.79,"body":"underline just, like, a thing"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":425.79,"endTime":428.52,"body":"that you're saying, which is"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":425.79,"endTime":428.52,"body":"that there are a lot of truth"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":428.52,"endTime":432.6,"body":"claims to, like, \"authentic\" or"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":428.52,"endTime":432.6,"body":"\"proper\" religion in every"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":432.6,"endTime":435.9,"body":"religion that we talk about so,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":432.6,"endTime":435.9,"body":"Islam is not outside that,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":435.9,"endTime":439.47,"body":"they're not different. But!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":435.9,"endTime":439.47,"body":"Since we're at a moment of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":439.47,"endTime":443.64,"body":"increased Islamophobia and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":439.47,"endTime":443.64,"body":"anti-Muslim hostility, truly,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":443.64,"endTime":446.7,"body":"literally the world over, what"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":443.64,"endTime":446.7,"body":"most of us know, whether we're"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":446.7,"endTime":449.76,"body":"Muslims or not, is shaped, in"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":446.7,"endTime":449.76,"body":"some way, by this outside"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":449.76,"endTime":453.93,"body":"narrative of hate. And we can"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":449.76,"endTime":453.93,"body":"come back to that, but it's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":453.93,"endTime":456.54,"body":"important to note it, like,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":453.93,"endTime":456.54,"body":"right from the jump. So, that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":456.54,"endTime":461.25,"body":"leaves us at... the 101 on"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":456.54,"endTime":461.25,"body":"today-- *clicks tongue* --the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":461.25,"endTime":462.81,"body":"section where we do professor"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":461.25,"endTime":462.81,"body":"work."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":463.02,"endTime":464.73,"body":"Well"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":463.02,"endTime":464.73,"body":"then, okay. Goodwin, I'm not"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":464.73,"endTime":467.07,"body":"even going to play at asking a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":464.73,"endTime":467.07,"body":"rhetorical question. I'm just"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":467.07,"endTime":468.6,"body":"going to tell you what we're"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":467.07,"endTime":468.6,"body":"doing."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":468.75,"endTime":471.33,"body":"Amazing. I love"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":468.75,"endTime":471.33,"body":"it when you take charge. Lay on,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":471.33,"endTime":471.96,"body":"Macduff."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":473.1,"endTime":475.32,"body":"So,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":473.1,"endTime":475.32,"body":"there is WAY too much to cover,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":475.32,"endTime":478.8,"body":"and I KNOW I literally teach"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":475.32,"endTime":478.8,"body":"many semester long courses on"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":478.83,"endTime":482.88,"body":"just Islam. So, we're not going"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":478.83,"endTime":482.88,"body":"to get to all that in 45"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":482.94,"endTime":486.39,"body":"minutes, nor are we going to get"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":482.94,"endTime":486.39,"body":"to that in 45 minutes times two."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":486.66,"endTime":489.15,"body":"But! What we can do, and what"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":486.66,"endTime":489.15,"body":"we're going to do today, is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":489.15,"endTime":493.14,"body":"foreground Sunni and Shi'i"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":489.15,"endTime":493.14,"body":"differences, but come back to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":493.14,"endTime":495.75,"body":"Shi'i practices, and I'll"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":493.14,"endTime":495.75,"body":"explain why. And then, I'm going"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":495.75,"endTime":499.47,"body":"to talk a little bit about"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":495.75,"endTime":499.47,"body":"Sufism, when we can."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":499.8,"endTime":502.02,"body":"Okay, cool. Pause"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":499.8,"endTime":502.02,"body":"already. You just said three"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":502.02,"endTime":505.38,"body":"words I recognize, but do our"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":502.02,"endTime":505.38,"body":"nerds know them? Who's a Sunni?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":505.38,"endTime":506.85,"body":"Who's a Shi'i? What's a Sufism?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":507.35,"endTime":509.69,"body":"We'll"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":507.35,"endTime":509.69,"body":"talk about all three of these in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":509.69,"endTime":512.84,"body":"more depth later, but let me"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":509.69,"endTime":512.84,"body":"give you some quickie"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":512.84,"endTime":519.08,"body":"definitions. *Secret Word of the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":512.84,"endTime":519.08,"body":"Day* So, these are groups of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":519.08,"endTime":523.1,"body":"Muslim people who are all part"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":519.08,"endTime":523.1,"body":"of what we would call a global"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":523.1,"endTime":526.19,"body":"Muslim community. So, for some"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":523.1,"endTime":526.19,"body":"Muslims, they use the word umar"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":526.22,"endTime":530.21,"body":"or ummah for that, but that's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":526.22,"endTime":530.21,"body":"also heavily debated, because"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":530.21,"endTime":532.67,"body":"who gets to count as a member of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":530.21,"endTime":532.67,"body":"the community is often"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":532.67,"endTime":535.64,"body":"determined by people within the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":532.67,"endTime":535.64,"body":"community. So, there are loads"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":535.64,"endTime":540.26,"body":"of Sunni Muslims who might say"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":535.64,"endTime":540.26,"body":"that Shi'i Muslims are outside"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":540.26,"endTime":542.87,"body":"of that community. And there are"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":540.26,"endTime":542.87,"body":"loads of Shi'i Muslims who might"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":542.87,"endTime":547.28,"body":"say that Medina Muslims are"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":542.87,"endTime":547.28,"body":"outside of that global Muslim"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":547.52,"endTime":551.84,"body":"community. Sunni Muslims"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":547.52,"endTime":551.84,"body":"represent one large, big"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":551.84,"endTime":556.49,"body":"umbrella group, about 80% of the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":551.84,"endTime":556.49,"body":"Muslim population. Shi'a Islam"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":556.49,"endTime":562.04,"body":"represents about 15-20% of that,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":556.49,"endTime":562.04,"body":"and I know that if we take 80"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":562.04,"endTime":565.01,"body":"and 20, we're at 100, but there"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":562.04,"endTime":565.01,"body":"are more groups than just those"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":565.01,"endTime":568.07,"body":"two. There are minority"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":565.01,"endTime":568.07,"body":"religious movements within"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":568.07,"endTime":572.66,"body":"Islam, and Sufism is a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":568.07,"endTime":572.66,"body":"worldview, a way of approaching"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":572.69,"endTime":575.06,"body":"a religious tradition, that in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":572.69,"endTime":575.06,"body":"English sometimes gets"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":575.06,"endTime":578.45,"body":"associated with mysticism, which"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":575.06,"endTime":578.45,"body":"I have an itchy relationship"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":578.45,"endTime":582.41,"body":"with because mysticism is rooted"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":578.45,"endTime":582.41,"body":"in, again, a Christian"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":582.41,"endTime":584.84,"body":"understanding of the universe."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":582.41,"endTime":584.84,"body":"So, we're going to get more into"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":584.84,"endTime":589.28,"body":"that... definitely in the next"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":584.84,"endTime":589.28,"body":"episode, but, does that work for"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":589.28,"endTime":589.58,"body":"you?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":589.79,"endTime":591.5,"body":"It works great"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":589.79,"endTime":591.5,"body":"for me. Thank you so much."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":591.56,"endTime":592.82,"body":"Awesome."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":591.56,"endTime":592.82,"body":"Let me get back to the frickin"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":592.82,"endTime":597.86,"body":"lesson plan. Next time, we're"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":592.82,"endTime":597.86,"body":"going to talk about Islam,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":598.01,"endTime":602.93,"body":"particularly in black"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":598.01,"endTime":602.93,"body":"communities, in the US AND in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":602.93,"endTime":608.42,"body":"other places around the world,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":602.93,"endTime":608.42,"body":"like Senegal and... I forget"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":608.42,"endTime":610.88,"body":"what other countries we put in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":608.42,"endTime":610.88,"body":"that episode, but other places"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":610.88,"endTime":614.66,"body":"in western and eastern Africa."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":610.88,"endTime":614.66,"body":"We're centering race and that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":614.66,"endTime":619.07,"body":"episode, in a way, on purpose,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":614.66,"endTime":619.07,"body":"so stay tuned. Our guests across"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":619.07,"endTime":621.59,"body":"these three-- these two episodes"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":619.07,"endTime":621.59,"body":"talk about variety, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":621.59,"endTime":625.28,"body":"plurality, and specifics, so"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":621.59,"endTime":625.28,"body":"we're going to try to keep up."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":626.03,"endTime":629.84,"body":"In fact, Megan, I think I'd like"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":626.03,"endTime":629.84,"body":"to buck our pattern so far in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":629.84,"endTime":631.94,"body":"this season, because I think"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":629.84,"endTime":631.94,"body":"this is actually a great place"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":631.94,"endTime":635.54,"body":"to let Dr. Rashid speak. We"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":631.94,"endTime":635.54,"body":"usually hold our experts to the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":635.54,"endTime":638.72,"body":"end of the episode or toward the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":635.54,"endTime":638.72,"body":"bottom of the take, but I think"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":638.72,"endTime":641.57,"body":"he's actually... I think he's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":638.72,"endTime":641.57,"body":"gonna do a better job than us."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":641.57,"endTime":643.61,"body":"His comments are big picture,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":641.57,"endTime":643.61,"body":"and that's where we're at in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":643.61,"endTime":646.16,"body":"this episode. So if you'll allow"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":643.61,"endTime":646.16,"body":"me to change it up...?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":646.67,"endTime":649.04,"body":"As you wish!"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":651.17,"endTime":653.36,"body":"My name is"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":651.17,"endTime":653.36,"body":"Hussein Rashid, and I am an"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":653.36,"endTime":657.44,"body":"expert on Muslims in US popular"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":653.36,"endTime":657.44,"body":"culture. I have an interest in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":657.47,"endTime":662.51,"body":"teaching about religious studies"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":657.47,"endTime":662.51,"body":"and in Shi'ism. I am a freelance"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":662.51,"endTime":666.68,"body":"academic, currently at the New"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":662.51,"endTime":666.68,"body":"School in New York City, on land"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":666.68,"endTime":670.67,"body":"that is traditionally stewarded"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":666.68,"endTime":670.67,"body":"by the Lenape people. I care"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":670.67,"endTime":675.23,"body":"that my students know what I"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":670.67,"endTime":675.23,"body":"study because for me, it's about"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":675.23,"endTime":679.04,"body":"ways of seeing the world. I'm an"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":675.23,"endTime":679.04,"body":"expert on Islam, but I want them"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":679.04,"endTime":682.61,"body":"to understand diversity. I want"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":679.04,"endTime":682.61,"body":"them to understand how we've"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":682.61,"endTime":685.67,"body":"historically dealt with"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":682.61,"endTime":685.67,"body":"diversity, and that this is not"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":685.67,"endTime":691.61,"body":"a new phenomenon. I think the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":685.67,"endTime":691.61,"body":"one thing-- the one thing that I"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":691.61,"endTime":697.46,"body":"wish people knew about the study"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":691.61,"endTime":697.46,"body":"of Islam is that it's not about"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":697.46,"endTime":703.28,"body":"this Islamophobic or Orientalist"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":697.46,"endTime":703.28,"body":"vision of text, but it's also"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":703.28,"endTime":706.25,"body":"about people, and how people"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":703.28,"endTime":706.25,"body":"live, and the art, the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":706.25,"endTime":708.47,"body":"architecture-- whether it's"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":706.25,"endTime":708.47,"body":"Rumi, whether it's the Taj"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":708.47,"endTime":713.39,"body":"Mahal, whether it's hip hop--"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":708.47,"endTime":713.39,"body":"that all of these are also part"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":713.39,"endTime":716.84,"body":"of the study of Islam, and that"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":713.39,"endTime":716.84,"body":"you've got all these wonderful"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":716.84,"endTime":722.27,"body":"voices coming in there. Within"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":716.84,"endTime":722.27,"body":"Islam, people tend to think of a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":722.27,"endTime":725.45,"body":"Sunni/Shi'i divide, sometimes"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":722.27,"endTime":725.45,"body":"they might think of Sufism,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":725.99,"endTime":728.3,"body":"which is all well and good, but"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":725.99,"endTime":728.3,"body":"within that, do we understand"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":728.3,"endTime":732.92,"body":"the internal diversity of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":728.3,"endTime":732.92,"body":"Sunnism? Whether it's the legal"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":732.92,"endTime":738.44,"body":"schools of Sunnism, or the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":732.92,"endTime":738.44,"body":"different theological divisions"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":738.44,"endTime":742.43,"body":"within Shi'ism, whether it's the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":738.44,"endTime":742.43,"body":"Ash'ari, or Ismaili, or"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":742.43,"endTime":746.78,"body":"non-Imami traditions, like the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":742.43,"endTime":746.78,"body":"Zaidi. And then within Sufism,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":746.78,"endTime":749.93,"body":"the hundreds and thousands of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":746.78,"endTime":749.93,"body":"different types of tariqas, or"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":749.93,"endTime":753.5,"body":"orders, that exist. And then"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":749.93,"endTime":753.5,"body":"beyond that, do we understand"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":753.5,"endTime":758.0,"body":"the regional differences? So,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":753.5,"endTime":758.0,"body":"that a South Asian Shi'a Ismaili"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":758.0,"endTime":763.07,"body":"Muslim is different than a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":758.0,"endTime":763.07,"body":"central Asian Shi'a Ismaili"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":763.07,"endTime":768.65,"body":"Muslim, both living in the 21st"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":763.07,"endTime":768.65,"body":"century. I think that when I try"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":768.65,"endTime":772.7,"body":"to talk about Islam, lived"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":768.65,"endTime":772.7,"body":"rituals, life rituals, are an"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":772.7,"endTime":776.48,"body":"important way to talk about"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":772.7,"endTime":776.48,"body":"this, whether it's birth"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":776.48,"endTime":781.64,"body":"rituals, marriage rituals,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":776.48,"endTime":781.64,"body":"funerary rituals-- you know,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":781.67,"endTime":785.81,"body":"these are important milestones."},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":781.67,"endTime":785.81,"body":"You can see a lot of diversity"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":785.81,"endTime":789.14,"body":"and regional and school--"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":785.81,"endTime":789.14,"body":"regional diversity and school of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":789.14,"endTime":791.84,"body":"thought diversity within these"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":789.14,"endTime":791.84,"body":"rituals. But for me, it's the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":791.84,"endTime":795.77,"body":"holidays. You know, I'm in New"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":791.84,"endTime":795.77,"body":"York City and we spent a lot of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":795.77,"endTime":800.42,"body":"time asking for the two Eids"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":795.77,"endTime":800.42,"body":"off-- Eid al-Fitr, which"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":800.45,"endTime":806.75,"body":"commemorates the end of Ramadan,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":800.45,"endTime":806.75,"body":"and Eid al-Adha, which is the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":806.75,"endTime":811.52,"body":"sacrifice of Abraham. But of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":806.75,"endTime":811.52,"body":"course, this is a very Sunni,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":811.97,"endTime":813.92,"body":"not-normative way of looking at"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":811.97,"endTime":813.92,"body":"things because, of course, the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":813.92,"endTime":819.11,"body":"Shi'as have Eid al-Ghadir, which"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":813.92,"endTime":819.11,"body":"recognizes the day that Prophet"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":819.11,"endTime":823.4,"body":"Muhammad said that his"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":819.11,"endTime":823.4,"body":"son-in-law and cousin, Ali is"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":823.4,"endTime":826.22,"body":"his successor. This is a very"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":823.4,"endTime":826.22,"body":"important day on the Shi'i"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":826.22,"endTime":829.58,"body":"calendar. You also have Mawlid"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":826.22,"endTime":829.58,"body":"al-Nabi, the birthday of the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":829.58,"endTime":832.91,"body":"Prophet, or Yawm-e Ali the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":829.58,"endTime":832.91,"body":"birthday of Imam Ali, or the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":832.91,"endTime":835.85,"body":"celebration of Fatima's birth,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":832.91,"endTime":835.85,"body":"the beloved daughter of Prophet"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":835.85,"endTime":839.45,"body":"Muhammad. So, how do you put in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":835.85,"endTime":839.45,"body":"all these other holidays? And"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":839.45,"endTime":842.66,"body":"even having this discussion is a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":839.45,"endTime":842.66,"body":"way to talk about diversity"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":842.66,"endTime":849.35,"body":"within Muslim traditions. We get"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":842.66,"endTime":849.35,"body":"this emphasis on Sunni"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":849.35,"endTime":852.29,"body":"understandings of Islam, I"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":849.35,"endTime":852.29,"body":"think, for a long historical"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":852.29,"endTime":855.26,"body":"record. And part of this comes"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":852.29,"endTime":855.26,"body":"out of the world religions"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":855.26,"endTime":858.14,"body":"paradigm which, of course, tries"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":855.26,"endTime":858.14,"body":"to compare everything to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":858.14,"endTime":862.37,"body":"Protestant Christianity. So, of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":858.14,"endTime":862.37,"body":"course, by lack of having a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":862.37,"endTime":865.85,"body":"perceived lack, I should say, of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":862.37,"endTime":865.85,"body":"a central religious authority,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":865.85,"endTime":869.78,"body":"Sunni Islam became good"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":865.85,"endTime":869.78,"body":"Protestant Christianity, and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":869.78,"endTime":875.57,"body":"Shi'i Islam, by having a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":869.78,"endTime":875.57,"body":"nominal, or, I should say-- or"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":875.57,"endTime":878.33,"body":"Shi'i Islam, having an"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":875.57,"endTime":878.33,"body":"allegiance to a centralized"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":878.33,"endTime":882.08,"body":"authority figure in the Imam,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":878.33,"endTime":882.08,"body":"gets classified with the Papists"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":882.08,"endTime":884.36,"body":"and the Catholics, and so"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":882.08,"endTime":884.36,"body":"they're the bad Christians, or"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":884.36,"endTime":887.51,"body":"the bad Muslims. And we see this"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":884.36,"endTime":887.51,"body":"today even with the way we talk"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":887.51,"endTime":890.72,"body":"about Iran, right? We hate Iran"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":887.51,"endTime":890.72,"body":"because they're Shi'a. And it's"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":890.72,"endTime":894.53,"body":"this anti-Catholic, anti-Papist"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":890.72,"endTime":894.53,"body":"American worldview that's coming"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":894.53,"endTime":898.13,"body":"into play. And so what happens"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":894.53,"endTime":898.13,"body":"is, is that Sunni Islam becomes"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":898.13,"endTime":901.67,"body":"treated as normative. And we see"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":898.13,"endTime":901.67,"body":"that-- and a lot of my"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":901.67,"endTime":906.29,"body":"colleagues don't understand the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":901.67,"endTime":906.29,"body":"ways it necessarily appears, but"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":906.29,"endTime":909.2,"body":"when we talk about the five"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":906.29,"endTime":909.2,"body":"pillar approach to Islam, or the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":909.2,"endTime":912.47,"body":"study of Islam, that is a very"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":909.2,"endTime":912.47,"body":"Sunni normative  position."},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":912.77,"endTime":918.92,"body":"Right? This is a very normative"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":912.77,"endTime":918.92,"body":"Sunni position. Shi'i thought"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":919.07,"endTime":924.95,"body":"can include seven pillars, up to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":919.07,"endTime":924.95,"body":"seven pillars. It separates out"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":924.95,"endTime":928.91,"body":"actions from beliefs, which"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":924.95,"endTime":928.91,"body":"multiplies the number of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":928.91,"endTime":934.52,"body":"prerequisites. And so I think"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":928.91,"endTime":934.52,"body":"that this is a very important"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":934.91,"endTime":938.72,"body":"understanding in the ways in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":934.91,"endTime":938.72,"body":"which we've treated and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":938.72,"endTime":941.48,"body":"historically structured the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":938.72,"endTime":941.48,"body":"study of Islam as though it is a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":941.48,"endTime":943.97,"body":"study of Christianity. And"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":941.48,"endTime":943.97,"body":"again, I don't want to say it's"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":943.97,"endTime":948.05,"body":"normative, I don't... I think a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":943.97,"endTime":948.05,"body":"great many of our colleagues are"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":948.05,"endTime":950.03,"body":"speaking against this. but I"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":948.05,"endTime":950.03,"body":"think trying to trace the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":950.03,"endTime":955.37,"body":"intellectual background allows"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":950.03,"endTime":955.37,"body":"us to reimagine what Islamic"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":955.37,"endTime":959.3,"body":"studies could be like. With my"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":955.37,"endTime":959.3,"body":"colleagues Jenna"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":959.3,"endTime":961.88,"body":"Gray-Hildenbrand, and Beverley"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":959.3,"endTime":961.88,"body":"McGuire, I'm co-editing a volume"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":961.88,"endTime":966.08,"body":"that will be out on Bloomsbury"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":961.88,"endTime":966.08,"body":"Religious Studies in 2022,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":966.44,"endTime":969.17,"body":"called \"Teaching Critical"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":966.44,"endTime":969.17,"body":"Religious Studies,\" which looks"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":969.17,"endTime":973.46,"body":"at the ways in which various of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":969.17,"endTime":973.46,"body":"our colleagues are taking this"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":973.46,"endTime":976.37,"body":"historical trajectory in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":973.46,"endTime":976.37,"body":"different religious traditions"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":976.37,"endTime":979.91,"body":"and trying to figure out how to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":976.37,"endTime":979.91,"body":"teach around and against, and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":979.91,"endTime":984.14,"body":"thus reinvigorating, the study"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":979.91,"endTime":984.14,"body":"of so-called world religions and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":984.14,"endTime":988.7,"body":"moving it out of the world"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":984.14,"endTime":988.7,"body":"religions paradigm. I think for"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":988.7,"endTime":994.28,"body":"me, there are so many instances"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":988.7,"endTime":994.28,"body":"in which I can look at or talk"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":994.28,"endTime":1001.72,"body":"about how the study of Islam and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":994.28,"endTime":1001.72,"body":"Sunni Islam has weakened the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1001.72,"endTime":1005.77,"body":"study of Islam generally, and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1001.72,"endTime":1005.77,"body":"its repercussions in the world."},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1006.22,"endTime":1009.97,"body":"When you look at different"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1006.22,"endTime":1009.97,"body":"cities looking for the Eid"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1009.97,"endTime":1013.27,"body":"holidays, they're normatizing--"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1009.97,"endTime":1013.27,"body":"they're taking a theological"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1013.27,"endTime":1017.17,"body":"position and nomratizing a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1013.27,"endTime":1017.17,"body":"particular understanding of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1017.17,"endTime":1024.64,"body":"Islam, and not allowing space"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1017.17,"endTime":1024.64,"body":"for the internal diversity of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1024.64,"endTime":1028.21,"body":"what it means to be Muslim. And"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1024.64,"endTime":1028.21,"body":"of course, internally, Muslim"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1028.21,"endTime":1030.79,"body":"communities then are being"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1028.21,"endTime":1030.79,"body":"ignorant of their own"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1030.79,"endTime":1033.43,"body":"traditions. And when you're"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1030.79,"endTime":1033.43,"body":"ignorant of your own internal"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1033.43,"endTime":1037.48,"body":"diversity, that feeds into more"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1033.43,"endTime":1037.48,"body":"narrow and more stifling"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1037.48,"endTime":1040.21,"body":"understandings of ways to be"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1037.48,"endTime":1040.21,"body":"Muslim. We see this in the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1040.21,"endTime":1043.93,"body":"foreign policy sphere when it"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1040.21,"endTime":1043.93,"body":"comes to dealing with the Iran"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1043.93,"endTime":1048.46,"body":"Nuclear Deal, where a lot of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1043.93,"endTime":1048.46,"body":"Shi'iphobia, again, coming out"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1048.46,"endTime":1052.6,"body":"of anti-Catholic thought, is"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1048.46,"endTime":1052.6,"body":"limiting our ability to engage"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1052.87,"endTime":1058.39,"body":"properly with foreign relations,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1052.87,"endTime":1058.39,"body":"with Iran. So, it's not just"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1058.39,"endTime":1061.27,"body":"generic Islamophobia, but it's"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1058.39,"endTime":1061.27,"body":"very specifically Shi'iphobia"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1061.99,"endTime":1064.72,"body":"that is coming into play. And,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1061.99,"endTime":1064.72,"body":"of course, this is becoming"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1066.28,"endTime":1069.4,"body":"selfreferential and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1066.28,"endTime":1069.4,"body":"selfreinforcing as we say \"Well,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1069.43,"endTime":1072.64,"body":"the Shi'a are a threat to us, we"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1069.43,"endTime":1072.64,"body":"have to study the good Muslims,\""},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1072.82,"endTime":1076.06,"body":"and so we study Sunni Islam and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1072.82,"endTime":1076.06,"body":"that becomes normative, and then"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1076.06,"endTime":1079.24,"body":"you say \"Okay, then the Wahhabis"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1076.06,"endTime":1079.24,"body":"are good Muslims,\" that creates"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1079.24,"endTime":1081.82,"body":"all sorts of other problems"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1079.24,"endTime":1081.82,"body":"because they're the super"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1081.85,"endTime":1084.61,"body":"Sunnis... which I have problems"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1081.85,"endTime":1084.61,"body":"with because I'm not sure they"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1084.61,"endTime":1088.99,"body":"fit in the Sunni/Shi'i dichotomy"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1084.61,"endTime":1088.99,"body":"either. So, I think we've got"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1088.99,"endTime":1093.79,"body":"this very micro-level on school"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1088.99,"endTime":1093.79,"body":"holidays, we've got this macro"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1093.79,"endTime":1097.18,"body":"foreign policy level, but we"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1093.79,"endTime":1097.18,"body":"also then limit the ways in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1097.18,"endTime":1100.48,"body":"which we can approach the study"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1097.18,"endTime":1100.48,"body":"of Islam and don't take"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1100.48,"endTime":1105.1,"body":"seriously how practice is an"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1100.48,"endTime":1105.1,"body":"important part of the Muslim"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1105.1,"endTime":1108.19,"body":"tradition, whether it comes"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1105.1,"endTime":1108.19,"body":"through arts and culture,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1108.46,"endTime":1112.06,"body":"whether it comes through gender"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1108.46,"endTime":1112.06,"body":"discourses, whether it comes"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1112.06,"endTime":1115.09,"body":"through ideas and questions of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1112.06,"endTime":1115.09,"body":"sexuality, which have a much"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1115.09,"endTime":1118.15,"body":"longer history than the 21st"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1115.09,"endTime":1118.15,"body":"century or the 20th century. But"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1118.15,"endTime":1120.64,"body":"again, if we're not dealing with"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1118.15,"endTime":1120.64,"body":"that internal diversity, we're"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1120.64,"endTime":1124.03,"body":"not dealing with questions that"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1120.64,"endTime":1124.03,"body":"have existed within the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Hussein Rashid","startTime":1124.03,"endTime":1125.2,"body":"tradition for centuries."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1127.13,"endTime":1129.8,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1127.13,"endTime":1129.8,"body":"I will NEVER tire of Hussein"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1129.8,"endTime":1132.35,"body":"describing his Harvard training"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1129.8,"endTime":1132.35,"body":"as making him have the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1132.35,"endTime":1136.7,"body":"confidence of a mediocre white"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1132.35,"endTime":1136.7,"body":"man. I just... the 2022-est of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1136.7,"endTime":1137.36,"body":"energy."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1137.51,"endTime":1137.99,"body":"*laughs* Fluff."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1138.2,"endTime":1140.09,"body":"Amazing."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1138.2,"endTime":1140.09,"body":"But what I actually hear him"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1140.09,"endTime":1143.66,"body":"saying is that if we don't think"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1140.09,"endTime":1143.66,"body":"about Islam as plural, we miss"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1143.66,"endTime":1145.16,"body":"the forest for the trees."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1145.0,"endTime":1149.2,"body":"Yes. Yes. I am"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1145.0,"endTime":1149.2,"body":"really interested in where Dr."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1149.2,"endTime":1151.75,"body":"Rashid said that in New York,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1149.2,"endTime":1151.75,"body":"where he's based, he can see the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1151.75,"endTime":1154.54,"body":"variety of Muslim celebrations"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1151.75,"endTime":1154.54,"body":"and practices if he walks, like,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1154.57,"endTime":1158.65,"body":"five blocks. I hear him saying"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1154.57,"endTime":1158.65,"body":"that Muslim Americans bring"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1158.65,"endTime":1161.47,"body":"their cultural, linguistic,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1158.65,"endTime":1161.47,"body":"ethnic, racialized, gendered"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1161.47,"endTime":1165.52,"body":"selves to their Islam. And in"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1161.47,"endTime":1165.52,"body":"New York City, where many"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1165.52,"endTime":1167.41,"body":"neighborhoods are frankly"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1165.52,"endTime":1167.41,"body":"segregated, or at least"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1167.41,"endTime":1171.25,"body":"reflected dominant, ethnic, or"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1167.41,"endTime":1171.25,"body":"religio-racial group, you can"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1171.25,"endTime":1175.3,"body":"see this in real life, in real"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1171.25,"endTime":1175.3,"body":"time, on the ground. The way"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1175.3,"endTime":1179.74,"body":"that Bangladeshis dressed for"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1175.3,"endTime":1179.74,"body":"Eid celebrations will look"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1179.74,"endTime":1182.26,"body":"different than how Somalis"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1179.74,"endTime":1182.26,"body":"dress, which is different from"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1182.26,"endTime":1185.53,"body":"Indonesians, and STILL different"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1182.26,"endTime":1185.53,"body":"from African Americans, and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1185.53,"endTime":1189.04,"body":"Iraqis, and Egyptians. Best,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1185.53,"endTime":1189.04,"body":"fancy, party clothes might seem"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1189.04,"endTime":1191.8,"body":"like a silly thing to pick up"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1189.04,"endTime":1191.8,"body":"on, but it's one of the most"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1191.8,"endTime":1195.19,"body":"obvious to notice, and frankly,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1191.8,"endTime":1195.19,"body":"really fun, and beautiful. And"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1195.19,"endTime":1198.52,"body":"you know that we care about how"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1195.19,"endTime":1198.52,"body":"sartorial choices reflect bigger"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1198.52,"endTime":1201.79,"body":"things, like gender and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1198.52,"endTime":1201.79,"body":"ethnicity, region of origin,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1201.82,"endTime":1205.51,"body":"age, class AND, yes, you guessed"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1201.82,"endTime":1205.51,"body":"it-- religion."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1205.9,"endTime":1208.72,"body":"A"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1205.9,"endTime":1208.72,"body":"billion percent. What I want to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1208.72,"endTime":1211.72,"body":"highlight for our listeners is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1208.72,"endTime":1211.72,"body":"that Dr. Rashid also talked"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1211.72,"endTime":1214.78,"body":"about how the mapping of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1211.72,"endTime":1214.78,"body":"Christianity-- and specifically,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1215.05,"endTime":1221.5,"body":"the Catholic versus Protestant"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1215.05,"endTime":1221.5,"body":"rift-- onto Islam only serves to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1221.5,"endTime":1223.78,"body":"do Islam a major disservice."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1223.81,"endTime":1224.02,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1224.0,"endTime":1225.86,"body":"What"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1224.0,"endTime":1225.86,"body":"he said specifically was that we"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1225.86,"endTime":1229.58,"body":"ought to be suspicious when"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1225.86,"endTime":1229.58,"body":"folks attribute all differences"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1229.58,"endTime":1234.44,"body":"between-- his examples-- Saudi"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1229.58,"endTime":1234.44,"body":"Arabia and Iran onto Sunnism and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1234.44,"endTime":1238.1,"body":"Shi'ism respectively. He knows"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1234.44,"endTime":1238.1,"body":"better than most that those"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1238.1,"endTime":1241.73,"body":"theological differences are"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1238.1,"endTime":1241.73,"body":"present, surely, but what he"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1241.73,"endTime":1245.42,"body":"asked of us was to reconsider"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1241.73,"endTime":1245.42,"body":"how profound those differences"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1245.42,"endTime":1245.9,"body":"are."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1245.96,"endTime":1246.26,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1246.59,"endTime":1247.76,"body":"And I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1246.59,"endTime":1247.76,"body":"gotta be honest, I fully agree"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1247.76,"endTime":1250.55,"body":"with him. I've been in spaces--"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1247.76,"endTime":1250.55,"body":"like, official, government,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1250.55,"endTime":1255.11,"body":"State Department spaces-- where"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1250.55,"endTime":1255.11,"body":"usually white dudes, who are NOT"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1255.11,"endTime":1259.28,"body":"Muslim, are trying to make the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1255.11,"endTime":1259.28,"body":"differences between Sunni and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1259.28,"endTime":1263.99,"body":"Shi'a as if Sunni Muslims are"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1259.28,"endTime":1263.99,"body":"\"real\" Muslims, and Shi'i"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1263.99,"endTime":1267.59,"body":"Muslims are nothing but their"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1263.99,"endTime":1267.59,"body":"mortal enemy, like cats and dogs"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1267.59,"endTime":1269.21,"body":"or... something."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1269.45,"endTime":1272.45,"body":"Yeah. Something"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1269.45,"endTime":1272.45,"body":"other than, like, complex groups"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1272.48,"endTime":1275.81,"body":"of millions and, indeed,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1272.48,"endTime":1275.81,"body":"billions of people with their"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1275.81,"endTime":1279.95,"body":"own robust and complicated"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1275.81,"endTime":1279.95,"body":"histories. So yeah! Let's... you"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1279.95,"endTime":1282.29,"body":"know how I love a definition."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1279.95,"endTime":1282.29,"body":"So, like, let's define some"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1282.29,"endTime":1285.92,"body":"terms. IRMF! Please tell us the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1282.29,"endTime":1285.92,"body":"short-- not all class length,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1286.16,"endTime":1290.66,"body":"not 40 citations-- the SHORT"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1286.16,"endTime":1290.66,"body":"difference between Sunni and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1290.81,"endTime":1295.22,"body":"Shi'i Islams. And, can you start"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1290.81,"endTime":1295.22,"body":"with why sometimes I hear people"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1295.22,"endTime":1299.33,"body":"say Shi'i and sometimes Shi'a,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1295.22,"endTime":1299.33,"body":"and then sometimes (most people"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1299.66,"endTime":1301.55,"body":"I know don't see this, but I'm"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1299.66,"endTime":1301.55,"body":"gonna say it out loud even"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1301.55,"endTime":1302.9,"body":"though it makes me cringe)"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1301.55,"endTime":1302.9,"body":"Shi'ite?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1303.11,"endTime":1305.09,"body":"Yes."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1303.11,"endTime":1305.09,"body":"And this is an English language"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1305.09,"endTime":1309.83,"body":"issue. So. Put on your grammar"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1305.09,"endTime":1309.83,"body":"hats, everybody. Famously,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1309.86,"endTime":1317.78,"body":"hilarious fun for a podcast!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1309.86,"endTime":1317.78,"body":"So-- Shi'a is a collective noun."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1317.99,"endTime":1322.55,"body":"Those Muslims, they are Shi'a."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1317.99,"endTime":1322.55,"body":"The group that considers itself"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1322.55,"endTime":1325.07,"body":"followers of 'Ali (and we're"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1322.55,"endTime":1325.07,"body":"gonna get to him in a second):"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1325.37,"endTime":1330.59,"body":"they are the Shi'a. Shi'i is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1325.37,"endTime":1330.59,"body":"either an adjective (He is Shi'i"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1330.62,"endTime":1335.48,"body":"Muslim, this is Shi'i ritual),"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1330.62,"endTime":1335.48,"body":"or a singular noun. I'm Shi'i."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1336.83,"endTime":1341.24,"body":"Shi'ite should make you cringe"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1336.83,"endTime":1341.24,"body":"because it is literally just a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1341.24,"endTime":1345.5,"body":"bullshit anglicization. That"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1341.24,"endTime":1345.5,"body":"-ite ending, ike Canannite or"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1345.62,"endTime":1349.34,"body":"whatever would be the dead"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1345.62,"endTime":1349.34,"body":"giveaway. I wouldn't use that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1349.34,"endTime":1353.45,"body":"term anymore, but you do see it"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1349.34,"endTime":1353.45,"body":"really frequently, especially in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1353.45,"endTime":1358.16,"body":"flagship newspapers that claim"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1353.45,"endTime":1358.16,"body":"their style is more important."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1358.16,"endTime":1363.2,"body":"So, way back in episode 105, I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1358.16,"endTime":1363.2,"body":"told you that the New York Times"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1363.2,"endTime":1368.78,"body":"refuses to spell qur'an,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1363.2,"endTime":1368.78,"body":"Q-U-R-'-A-N, and only spells it"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1368.81,"endTime":1374.84,"body":"K-O-R-A-N, like it is the year"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1368.81,"endTime":1374.84,"body":"of someone's Lord 1871. Diddo"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1374.84,"endTime":1378.89,"body":"Shi'ite. So when the New York"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1374.84,"endTime":1378.89,"body":"Times reports on Shi'ism, they"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1378.92,"endTime":1382.79,"body":"only use Shi'ites because that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1378.92,"endTime":1382.79,"body":"is their stylebook from, again,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1383.03,"endTime":1385.82,"body":"I assume, 1871. Cause it ain't"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1383.03,"endTime":1385.82,"body":"cute."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1386.6,"endTime":1388.01,"body":"I guess, at"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1386.6,"endTime":1388.01,"body":"least, they're not still saying"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1388.01,"endTime":1389.21,"body":"Muhammadans? Question mark?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1389.0,"endTime":1392.36,"body":"Sure."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1389.0,"endTime":1392.36,"body":"I mean... I'm not giving white"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1392.36,"endTime":1394.04,"body":"people bonus points for that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1392.36,"endTime":1394.04,"body":"nonsense."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1394.25,"endTime":1395.18,"body":"Yeah. That's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1394.25,"endTime":1395.18,"body":"fair! That's fair."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1395.54,"endTime":1398.39,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1395.54,"endTime":1398.39,"body":"that's Shi'a, Shi'i, Shi'ite."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1398.42,"endTime":1401.66,"body":"Sunni is easier because it is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1398.42,"endTime":1401.66,"body":"all of the things. It's a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1401.66,"endTime":1404.27,"body":"collective noun, a singular"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1401.66,"endTime":1404.27,"body":"noun, and an adjective all at"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1404.27,"endTime":1407.51,"body":"once when we use it in English."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1404.27,"endTime":1407.51,"body":"And all of this grammar stuff--"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1407.72,"endTime":1411.8,"body":"which I know, again, like, not"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1407.72,"endTime":1411.8,"body":"fun-- but all of it is actually"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1411.8,"endTime":1415.61,"body":"about how we translate"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1411.8,"endTime":1415.61,"body":"predominantly Arabic and Persian"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1415.64,"endTime":1420.41,"body":"into English, on top of how"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1415.64,"endTime":1420.41,"body":"Arabic and Persian speakers"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1420.62,"endTime":1424.67,"body":"like, apart from all sorts of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1420.62,"endTime":1424.67,"body":"other Muslim Islamic languages"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1424.67,"endTime":1427.25,"body":"and Muslim speakers, would"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1424.67,"endTime":1427.25,"body":"describe themselves. But Arabic"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1427.25,"endTime":1430.73,"body":"and Persian tend to be the two"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1427.25,"endTime":1430.73,"body":"languages that get the most"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1430.73,"endTime":1431.6,"body":"shrift here."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1431.84,"endTime":1436.76,"body":"Yeah. That..."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1431.84,"endTime":1436.76,"body":"okay. That makes sense. I also"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1436.76,"endTime":1439.1,"body":"don't know what you're talking"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1436.76,"endTime":1439.1,"body":"about because grammar being"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1439.1,"endTime":1443.6,"body":"explained out loud is fun. Who"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1439.1,"endTime":1443.6,"body":"doesn't love that?! That's a"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1443.6,"endTime":1450.32,"body":"good time! Also, I am truly at"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1443.6,"endTime":1450.32,"body":"the top of the episode exhausted"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1450.35,"endTime":1453.44,"body":"about the fact that we can't"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1450.35,"endTime":1453.44,"body":"even define the words until we"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1453.44,"endTime":1455.96,"body":"talk about how people use them."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1453.44,"endTime":1455.96,"body":"And no wonder you're always"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1455.96,"endTime":1460.28,"body":"grumping at Americanists."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1455.96,"endTime":1460.28,"body":"Anyway, can you come back to"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1460.28,"endTime":1462.53,"body":"Sunni and Shi'a now that we have"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1460.28,"endTime":1462.53,"body":"a sense of what we're supposed"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1462.53,"endTime":1463.07,"body":"to say when?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1463.64,"endTime":1465.47,"body":"Okay,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1463.64,"endTime":1465.47,"body":"fine. I'll do my best."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1465.5,"endTime":1465.89,"body":"Thank you."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1466.01,"endTime":1469.64,"body":"So,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1466.01,"endTime":1469.64,"body":"these are the names for branches"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1469.67,"endTime":1473.9,"body":"of Islam-- and notice I am not"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1469.67,"endTime":1473.9,"body":"saying \"sect.\" But if you"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1473.9,"endTime":1478.52,"body":"really, like, violently pushed"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1473.9,"endTime":1478.52,"body":"me, I guess I would move... if"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1478.52,"endTime":1480.83,"body":"you didn't want branches, I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1478.52,"endTime":1480.83,"body":"guess I could say the word"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1480.83,"endTime":1483.68,"body":"denomination, which still isn't"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1480.83,"endTime":1483.68,"body":"quite right. But these are"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1483.68,"endTime":1487.04,"body":"Muslim groups that have"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1483.68,"endTime":1487.04,"body":"developed historically around"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1487.04,"endTime":1491.27,"body":"different theological"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1487.04,"endTime":1491.27,"body":"interpretations, though not just"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1491.27,"endTime":1494.36,"body":"about, like, theology for"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1491.27,"endTime":1494.36,"body":"theology sake. They also"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1494.36,"endTime":1499.19,"body":"developed in conversation with--"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1494.36,"endTime":1499.19,"body":"you guessed it!-- empires, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1499.19,"endTime":1504.26,"body":"kingdoms, and regions. Some of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1499.19,"endTime":1504.26,"body":"these theological differences"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1504.26,"endTime":1509.36,"body":"are profound, some have become"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1504.26,"endTime":1509.36,"body":"profound, like, you know, over"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1509.36,"endTime":1513.02,"body":"time, and some, frankly, are"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1509.36,"endTime":1513.02,"body":"just differences that sometimes"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1513.02,"endTime":1515.18,"body":"matter and sometimes just don't"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1513.02,"endTime":1515.18,"body":"matter."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1515.99,"endTime":1519.56,"body":"Yeah, yeah. Okay."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1515.99,"endTime":1519.56,"body":"So, I am going to cheat because"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1519.56,"endTime":1523.19,"body":"I never let my students do this"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1519.56,"endTime":1523.19,"body":"in my class. We, like, really"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1523.19,"endTime":1526.16,"body":"try not to use Christian terms"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1523.19,"endTime":1526.16,"body":"to understand non-Christian"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1526.16,"endTime":1530.51,"body":"religions, but, if you were most"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1526.16,"endTime":1530.51,"body":"familiar with Christianity, this"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1530.51,"endTime":1534.65,"body":"is kind of, sort of, kind of but"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1530.51,"endTime":1534.65,"body":"not really, and Dr. Rashid's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1534.65,"endTime":1537.53,"body":"gonna be mad at us, but sort of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1534.65,"endTime":1537.53,"body":"like Catholics and Protestants,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1537.74,"endTime":1541.04,"body":"but also like Baptists, and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1537.74,"endTime":1541.04,"body":"Methodists, and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1541.04,"endTime":1543.53,"body":"Congregationalists, and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1541.04,"endTime":1543.53,"body":"Unitarians, or if we're gonna"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1543.53,"endTime":1546.74,"body":"make it Jewish, like, kind of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1543.53,"endTime":1546.74,"body":"like Conservative, or Reform, or"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1546.74,"endTime":1547.37,"body":"Hasidic...?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1547.9,"endTime":1549.67,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1547.9,"endTime":1549.67,"body":"And look, again, I agree with"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1549.67,"endTime":1552.61,"body":"Hussein that we don't want to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1549.67,"endTime":1552.61,"body":"map, like, Catholics versus"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1552.61,"endTime":1556.15,"body":"Protestants in a battle royale"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1552.61,"endTime":1556.15,"body":"to the death onto Sunni and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1556.15,"endTime":1559.66,"body":"Shi'a Muslims, and I also agree"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1556.15,"endTime":1559.66,"body":"with you that using Christian"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1559.66,"endTime":1564.07,"body":"terminology to describe someone,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1559.66,"endTime":1564.07,"body":"like non-Christian religions, is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1564.07,"endTime":1567.88,"body":"just... it's just a bad idea."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1564.07,"endTime":1567.88,"body":"It's a Pandora's box of bananas."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1568.57,"endTime":1573.16,"body":"But I think that what I find"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1568.57,"endTime":1573.16,"body":"helpful when I talk to public"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1573.16,"endTime":1576.1,"body":"audiences outside of my"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1573.16,"endTime":1576.1,"body":"classroom, like this podcast"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1576.1,"endTime":1581.56,"body":"audience, is that we understand"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1576.1,"endTime":1581.56,"body":"that all of those words can mean"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1581.56,"endTime":1584.02,"body":"Christian. And we understand"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1581.56,"endTime":1584.02,"body":"that, like, Conservative,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1584.02,"endTime":1588.76,"body":"Reform, Hasidic, whatever, for"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1584.02,"endTime":1588.76,"body":"Jews, means Jews. And I want"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1588.76,"endTime":1592.69,"body":"people to hear that Sunni, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1588.76,"endTime":1592.69,"body":"Shi'i, and Sufi (and later we'll"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1592.69,"endTime":1596.56,"body":"get into some more specific"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1592.69,"endTime":1596.56,"body":"terminologies), it means Muslim."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1596.74,"endTime":1600.19,"body":"And it doesn't mean battle to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1596.74,"endTime":1600.19,"body":"the death, battle royale."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1600.19,"endTime":1601.33,"body":"Right! Right."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1602.47,"endTime":1603.91,"body":"And"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1602.47,"endTime":1603.91,"body":"when I talk about theological"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1603.91,"endTime":1606.91,"body":"differences, I like to tell my"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1603.91,"endTime":1606.91,"body":"students that this is kind of a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1606.91,"endTime":1610.87,"body":"difference like baptisms, right?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1606.91,"endTime":1610.87,"body":"Most Christians have some"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1610.87,"endTime":1613.99,"body":"understanding of baptism, but"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1610.87,"endTime":1613.99,"body":"not all Christians agree on"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1613.99,"endTime":1616.57,"body":"when, for example, a person"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1613.99,"endTime":1616.57,"body":"should be baptized."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1616.63,"endTime":1617.89,"body":"Oh, boy, do they"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1616.63,"endTime":1617.89,"body":"not."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1617.95,"endTime":1619.75,"body":"Exactly."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1617.95,"endTime":1619.75,"body":"And sometimes that disagreement"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1619.75,"endTime":1623.5,"body":"is about denomination, or sect,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1619.75,"endTime":1623.5,"body":"right? Like, Baptists do X,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1623.5,"endTime":1626.17,"body":"Methodists do Y. But other"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1623.5,"endTime":1626.17,"body":"times, it's actually about"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1626.17,"endTime":1629.5,"body":"region, or about history, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1626.17,"endTime":1629.5,"body":"about popular practice that you"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1629.5,"endTime":1632.29,"body":"can't map neatly onto those"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1629.5,"endTime":1632.29,"body":"divisions."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1632.29,"endTime":1632.74,"body":"Right."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1632.3,"endTime":1634.165,"body":"And if"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1632.3,"endTime":1634.165,"body":"we're comparing to Jewish"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1634.224,"endTime":1637.722,"body":"movements, to not just make it"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1634.224,"endTime":1637.722,"body":"about Christianity, 100 years"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1637.78,"endTime":1641.454,"body":"ago, no one would have said \"I'm"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1637.78,"endTime":1641.454,"body":"a reformed Jew.\" And even now,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1641.512,"endTime":1645.069,"body":"while there are interpretive"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1641.512,"endTime":1645.069,"body":"differences, the real difference"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1645.127,"endTime":1648.509,"body":"between Judaisms is in its"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1645.127,"endTime":1648.509,"body":"practice-- ritual, song, use of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1648.567,"endTime":1651.89,"body":"English, the frequency of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1648.567,"endTime":1651.89,"body":"prayer, you name it. So without"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1651.949,"endTime":1655.68,"body":"a comparison, which is where I'd"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1651.949,"endTime":1655.68,"body":"like to end up, the way I teach"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1655.739,"endTime":1659.295,"body":"this in my classe is that Sunni"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1655.739,"endTime":1659.295,"body":"and Shi'i Muslims trace their"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1655.79,"endTime":1668.18,"body":"Wait, oh. Wait."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1655.79,"endTime":1668.18,"body":"Wait, okay. Uh... the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1659.353,"endTime":1662.677,"body":"theological split to a time"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1659.353,"endTime":1662.677,"body":"before they would have either"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1662.735,"endTime":1664.31,"body":"been called Sunni or Shi'i."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1668.18,"endTime":1672.89,"body":"differences between Muslim"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1668.18,"endTime":1672.89,"body":"theological interpretations are"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1672.89,"endTime":1677.21,"body":"actually older than the words,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1672.89,"endTime":1677.21,"body":"the names, for these groups?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1677.36,"endTime":1678.5,"body":"That's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1677.36,"endTime":1678.5,"body":"exactly what I'm saying."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1678.62,"endTime":1679.01,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1679.6,"endTime":1681.91,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1679.6,"endTime":1681.91,"body":"after Muhammad died-- Muhammad"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1681.91,"endTime":1684.34,"body":"being the Prophet of Islam and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1681.91,"endTime":1684.34,"body":"the leader of the earliest"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1684.34,"endTime":1688.78,"body":"Muslim community-- this earliest"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1684.34,"endTime":1688.78,"body":"community of Muslims disagreed"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1688.81,"endTime":1692.68,"body":"on who should succeed Muhammad"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1688.81,"endTime":1692.68,"body":"as their next leader of this"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1692.68,"endTime":1696.61,"body":"fledgling (and sometimes"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1692.68,"endTime":1696.61,"body":"persecuted) community. Some"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1696.61,"endTime":1700.0,"body":"Muslims wanted to follow the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1696.61,"endTime":1700.0,"body":"fairly democratic practice of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1700.0,"endTime":1702.97,"body":"the Arab community from which"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1700.0,"endTime":1702.97,"body":"they came, which basically meant"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1702.97,"endTime":1705.97,"body":"men of a certain status could"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1702.97,"endTime":1705.97,"body":"vote on who would be the next"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1705.97,"endTime":1708.91,"body":"leader. Like, this is just a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1705.97,"endTime":1708.91,"body":"standard practice."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1709.24,"endTime":1709.45,"body":"Okay!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1709.45,"endTime":1712.6,"body":"So,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1709.45,"endTime":1712.6,"body":"some Muslims wanted that. Other"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1712.6,"endTime":1715.9,"body":"Muslims wanted to name 'Ali,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1712.6,"endTime":1715.9,"body":"Muhammad's nephew and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1715.9,"endTime":1719.53,"body":"son-in-law, as the next leaderm,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1715.9,"endTime":1719.53,"body":"and pointed to something"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1719.53,"endTime":1723.28,"body":"Muhammad had said, like, as"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1719.53,"endTime":1723.28,"body":"evidence that that should be the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1723.28,"endTime":1724.24,"body":"way they move forward."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1724.45,"endTime":1727.66,"body":"So, some are in"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1724.45,"endTime":1727.66,"body":"favor of, like, voting among"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1727.69,"endTime":1731.26,"body":"adult men in the community, and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1727.69,"endTime":1731.26,"body":"some are like, \"But the Prophet"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1731.26,"endTime":1734.98,"body":"said this thing, and we think"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1731.26,"endTime":1734.98,"body":"that means 'Ali should take over"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1734.98,"endTime":1735.43,"body":"next.\""},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1735.55,"endTime":1736.54,"body":"That's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1735.55,"endTime":1736.54,"body":"exactly right."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1736.63,"endTime":1736.84,"body":"Okay!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1736.84,"endTime":1738.64,"body":"And"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1736.84,"endTime":1738.64,"body":"both groups took seriously this"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1738.64,"endTime":1743.65,"body":"thing that Muhammad had said."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1738.64,"endTime":1743.65,"body":"And to paraphrase wildly, this"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1743.65,"endTime":1747.25,"body":"very famous hadith, that 'Ali"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1743.65,"endTime":1747.25,"body":"was the wali of Muhammad. So,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1747.25,"endTime":1750.73,"body":"wali is this fancy word, but the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1747.25,"endTime":1750.73,"body":"thing is about all Arabic words,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1750.73,"endTime":1753.58,"body":"which is so fun, is that it has,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1750.73,"endTime":1753.58,"body":"like, a lot of different"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1753.58,"endTime":1758.08,"body":"meanings! So, some people"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1753.58,"endTime":1758.08,"body":"interpreted that word as friend,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1759.01,"endTime":1761.47,"body":"while other members of the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1759.01,"endTime":1761.47,"body":"community thought it meant"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1761.47,"endTime":1764.5,"body":"something more like a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1761.47,"endTime":1764.5,"body":"viceregent. You know, like,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1764.5,"endTime":1767.95,"body":"someone who'd be in charge of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1764.5,"endTime":1767.95,"body":"the community. Next in line!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1767.99,"endTime":1768.92,"body":"Those are pretty"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1767.99,"endTime":1768.92,"body":"different."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1769.11,"endTime":1771.24,"body":"Words"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1769.11,"endTime":1771.24,"body":"are hard! Communication is hard."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1771.27,"endTime":1774.3,"body":"These words have really"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1771.27,"endTime":1774.3,"body":"complicated balances, still to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1774.33,"endTime":1777.93,"body":"this day-- these are words that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1774.33,"endTime":1777.93,"body":"are still in use-- and history"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1777.93,"endTime":1781.14,"body":"intervening, right? We have"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1777.93,"endTime":1781.14,"body":"this, like, 1600 years of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1781.14,"endTime":1786.15,"body":"history since then, means that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1781.14,"endTime":1786.15,"body":"we can't and don't really know"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1786.15,"endTime":1790.14,"body":"exactly what happened. But what"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1786.15,"endTime":1790.14,"body":"we do know is that the group"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1790.14,"endTime":1794.16,"body":"that later becomes identified"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1790.14,"endTime":1794.16,"body":"with \"Sunni\" is a global"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1794.16,"endTime":1798.06,"body":"majority of Muslims, and they"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1794.16,"endTime":1798.06,"body":"are the majority at that moment"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1798.06,"endTime":1801.0,"body":"too, and they elect a guy named"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1798.06,"endTime":1801.0,"body":"Abu Bakr and they name him"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1801.06,"endTime":1805.86,"body":"Calith. *Secret Word of the Day*"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1801.06,"endTime":1805.86,"body":"Another word for king, the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1805.86,"endTime":1808.83,"body":"caliphate becomes a big deal. I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1805.86,"endTime":1808.83,"body":"am actually purposely not going"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1808.83,"endTime":1814.95,"body":"to tap on that, like, barrel of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1808.83,"endTime":1814.95,"body":"worms for all sorts of reasons,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1814.95,"endTime":1817.71,"body":"but we can get into it later if"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1814.95,"endTime":1817.71,"body":"people feel like it's important."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1818.4,"endTime":1821.37,"body":"Anyway, the Sunnis are the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1818.4,"endTime":1821.37,"body":"majority, they elect Abu Bakr,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1821.76,"endTime":1824.61,"body":"and that's what the community"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1821.76,"endTime":1824.61,"body":"does. This community that later"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1824.61,"endTime":1828.15,"body":"becomes Sunni will trace this"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1824.61,"endTime":1828.15,"body":"lineage back this way."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1828.42,"endTime":1828.63,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1828.63,"endTime":1830.64,"body":"And"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1828.63,"endTime":1830.64,"body":"Alids, or the followers of 'Ali,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1830.67,"endTime":1834.15,"body":"don't love this in the moment,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1830.67,"endTime":1834.15,"body":"but they also don't throw toys"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1834.15,"endTime":1836.85,"body":"out of the pram or something"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1834.15,"endTime":1836.85,"body":"because they were a minority"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1836.85,"endTime":1841.41,"body":"opinion. The majority also"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1836.85,"endTime":1841.41,"body":"wasn't like \"Oh, 'Ali, he sucks,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1841.41,"endTime":1844.65,"body":"down with 'Ali.\" In fact, 'Ali"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1841.41,"endTime":1844.65,"body":"becomes Calith later on,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1844.89,"endTime":1847.23,"body":"\"elected\" by this very same"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1844.89,"endTime":1847.23,"body":"process."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1847.26,"endTime":1849.87,"body":"Okay, fully did"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1847.26,"endTime":1849.87,"body":"not know that. I learned that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1849.87,"endTime":1850.2,"body":"today."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1850.57,"endTime":1853.15,"body":"I mean, like, I literally, when"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1850.57,"endTime":1853.15,"body":"I teach this, I hold my fingers"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1853.15,"endTime":1855.76,"body":"up and four go on one hand and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1853.15,"endTime":1855.76,"body":"one goes on another because"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1855.76,"endTime":1858.94,"body":"there are four rightly guided"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1855.76,"endTime":1858.94,"body":"Caliphs, and 'Ali is the fourth"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1858.97,"endTime":1862.84,"body":"within the Sunni imagination."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1858.97,"endTime":1862.84,"body":"And 'Ali is the first Imam"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1862.84,"endTime":1865.9,"body":"within the Shi'i imagination,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1862.84,"endTime":1865.9,"body":"but it's the same guy, right?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1866.05,"endTime":1869.08,"body":"The same guy has the same"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1866.05,"endTime":1869.08,"body":"leadership role for the early"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1869.08,"endTime":1872.44,"body":"Muslim community, he's just"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1869.08,"endTime":1872.44,"body":"interpreted differently by the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1872.44,"endTime":1875.98,"body":"generations that follow for all"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1872.44,"endTime":1875.98,"body":"sorts of complicated reasons"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1875.98,"endTime":1878.8,"body":"that, again, we are on the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1875.98,"endTime":1878.8,"body":"clock! We do not have time for."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1878.83,"endTime":1883.45,"body":"Yeah, we don't, but it also"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1878.83,"endTime":1883.45,"body":"seems telling that both Sunni"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1884.41,"endTime":1888.31,"body":"and Shi'i Muslims agree that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1884.41,"endTime":1888.31,"body":"this is an important leader of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1888.31,"endTime":1892.39,"body":"the community, and it kind of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1888.31,"endTime":1892.39,"body":"dismantles this idea that, like,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1892.39,"endTime":1893.29,"body":"no. Cats and dogs."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1894.31,"endTime":1895.09,"body":"Indeed."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1895.36,"endTime":1895.6,"body":"Okay!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1895.63,"endTime":1897.04,"body":"And"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1895.63,"endTime":1897.04,"body":"so, again, like, obviously,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1897.04,"endTime":1902.5,"body":"there's a lot more to it and I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1897.04,"endTime":1902.5,"body":"want to... like but TL;DR:"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1902.8,"endTime":1906.31,"body":"today's Sunni and Shi'i Muslims"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1902.8,"endTime":1906.31,"body":"trace their theological"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1906.31,"endTime":1909.52,"body":"differences to debates about"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1906.31,"endTime":1909.52,"body":"this rightful position, 'Ali,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1909.7,"endTime":1913.63,"body":"among many other things. 'Ali is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1909.7,"endTime":1913.63,"body":"important for both communities."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1913.66,"endTime":1918.67,"body":"He is more important, however,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1913.66,"endTime":1918.67,"body":"more central, to those who later"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1918.67,"endTime":1920.02,"body":"become called Shi'a."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1920.81,"endTime":1923.6,"body":"Yeah! Okay, that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1920.81,"endTime":1923.6,"body":"makes sense. My"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1923.84,"endTime":1926.87,"body":"trained-in-Christianity brain"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1923.84,"endTime":1926.87,"body":"also wonders if there's not a"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1926.9,"endTime":1930.32,"body":"parallel to, like, Jesus! Jesus"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1926.9,"endTime":1930.32,"body":"important to both Christians and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1930.32,"endTime":1934.19,"body":"Muslims. More important to"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1930.32,"endTime":1934.19,"body":"Christians, but both agree,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1934.37,"endTime":1945.62,"body":"Jesus, kind of an okay guy."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1934.37,"endTime":1945.62,"body":"Anyway! This is interesting, but"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1945.62,"endTime":1947.24,"body":"also, I said, short, so..."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1947.9,"endTime":1950.15,"body":"Dude."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1947.9,"endTime":1950.15,"body":"How many of those words are you"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1950.15,"endTime":1952.43,"body":"going to try to make the secret"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1950.15,"endTime":1952.43,"body":"word of the day? And YOU try"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1952.43,"endTime":1955.49,"body":"explaining things that are"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1952.43,"endTime":1955.49,"body":"translated thrice over! My God,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1955.52,"endTime":1956.3,"body":"give me a break!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1956.0,"endTime":1957.53,"body":"You're right,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1956.0,"endTime":1957.53,"body":"you're right, you're right. I'm"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1957.53,"endTime":1960.23,"body":"just fucking with you, Ted."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1957.53,"endTime":1960.23,"body":"You're here, you're there,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1960.26,"endTime":1963.32,"body":"you're every-fucking-where, and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1960.26,"endTime":1963.32,"body":"you're saying that we can't read"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1963.32,"endTime":1966.17,"body":"today's differences between and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1963.32,"endTime":1966.17,"body":"among communities as present"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1966.17,"endTime":1970.1,"body":"from the get-go. I feel like"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1966.17,"endTime":1970.1,"body":"you, an historian, are"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1970.1,"endTime":1972.47,"body":"suggesting that things might"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1970.1,"endTime":1972.47,"body":"change over time?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1973.16,"endTime":1974.15,"body":"Striking,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1973.16,"endTime":1974.15,"body":"I know."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1974.15,"endTime":1976.73,"body":"Hm, hm. And that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1974.15,"endTime":1976.73,"body":"there are theological"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1976.73,"endTime":1980.72,"body":"interpretations that separate"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1976.73,"endTime":1980.72,"body":"Sunnis from Shi'a, BUT, as Dr."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1980.72,"endTime":1982.97,"body":"Rashid tells us, some of those"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1980.72,"endTime":1982.97,"body":"differences aren't..."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1983.99,"endTime":1989.0,"body":"catastrophic? But maybe they get"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1983.99,"endTime":1989.0,"body":"read as catastrophic because"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1989.0,"endTime":1991.31,"body":"Islam gets read within a"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1989.0,"endTime":1991.31,"body":"Christian world religions"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1991.31,"endTime":1995.33,"body":"paradigm, making Sunni and Shi'i"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1991.31,"endTime":1995.33,"body":"like Protestants and Catholics."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1995.63,"endTime":1996.59,"body":"Well"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":1995.63,"endTime":1996.59,"body":"done, lady."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1996.95,"endTime":1998.99,"body":"Thanks! I'm"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1996.95,"endTime":1998.99,"body":"pleased with my own self. I feel"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1998.99,"endTime":2002.08,"body":"like I learned something today."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":1998.99,"endTime":2002.08,"body":"Um, can you say something about"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2002.08,"endTime":2006.1,"body":"practice, though? Like, what's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2002.08,"endTime":2006.1,"body":"something we might see, I don't"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2006.1,"endTime":2008.44,"body":"know, Shi'i Muslims do that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2006.1,"endTime":2008.44,"body":"Sunni Muslims might not?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2008.98,"endTime":2010.51,"body":"That's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2008.98,"endTime":2010.51,"body":"a great question, and I would"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2010.51,"endTime":2013.21,"body":"say that there's obviously a lot"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2010.51,"endTime":2013.21,"body":"of examples. So, one of the most"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2013.21,"endTime":2017.74,"body":"obvious examples is that while"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2013.21,"endTime":2017.74,"body":"Sunni interpretations of qur'an"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2017.74,"endTime":2022.54,"body":"and hadith say that there are"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2017.74,"endTime":2022.54,"body":"five prayers at five times a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2022.54,"endTime":2026.38,"body":"day, Shi'a say that those same"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2022.54,"endTime":2026.38,"body":"five prayers can be done at"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2026.38,"endTime":2030.22,"body":"three times of the day. So"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2026.38,"endTime":2030.22,"body":"basically, the word that gets"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2030.22,"endTime":2033.01,"body":"used in English language is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2030.22,"endTime":2033.01,"body":"abrogating prayers, which--"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2033.01,"endTime":2036.16,"body":"combining-- combining prayers,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2033.01,"endTime":2036.16,"body":"but doing the same thing or"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2036.16,"endTime":2038.26,"body":"similar things at those prayer"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2036.16,"endTime":2038.26,"body":"times."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2038.38,"endTime":2041.62,"body":"Huh! Okay. What"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2038.38,"endTime":2041.62,"body":"else? Dr. Rashid talked about"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2041.62,"endTime":2044.35,"body":"different holidays, or different"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2041.62,"endTime":2044.35,"body":"ways of celebrating holidays?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2044.86,"endTime":2047.62,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2044.86,"endTime":2047.62,"body":"So, I guess an easy one here is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2047.65,"endTime":2051.94,"body":"Ashura, a holy day for both"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2047.65,"endTime":2051.94,"body":"Sunni and Shi'a, that gets"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2051.97,"endTime":2054.97,"body":"observed rather differently"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2051.97,"endTime":2054.97,"body":"across those groups. So,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2054.97,"endTime":2058.18,"body":"frankly, I am most interested in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2054.97,"endTime":2058.18,"body":"regional differences, so let me"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2058.18,"endTime":2062.2,"body":"try to weave differences between"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2058.18,"endTime":2062.2,"body":"Muslims and regionality"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2062.23,"endTime":2062.98,"body":"together."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2063.61,"endTime":2063.67,"body":"Ooooh!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2064.14,"endTime":2065.37,"body":"I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2064.14,"endTime":2065.37,"body":"know, fancy. It's almost like"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2065.37,"endTime":2070.5,"body":"I'm a professional. Okay! So the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2065.37,"endTime":2070.5,"body":"basics: Ashura is a holiday in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2070.5,"endTime":2073.71,"body":"the month of Muharram, the first"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2070.5,"endTime":2073.71,"body":"month of the Islamic calendar"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2074.1,"endTime":2076.14,"body":"(because it is never not about"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2074.1,"endTime":2076.14,"body":"calendars)."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2076.14,"endTime":2076.86,"body":"Hooray!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2077.43,"endTime":2081.84,"body":"Ashura"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2077.43,"endTime":2081.84,"body":"marks two things: so first, it"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2081.84,"endTime":2085.53,"body":"is about Moses getting free,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2081.84,"endTime":2085.53,"body":"parting the Red Sea! And before"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2085.53,"endTime":2086.13,"body":"you ask--"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2086.37,"endTime":2087.18,"body":"I know him!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2087.36,"endTime":2090.78,"body":"Yes!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2087.36,"endTime":2090.78,"body":"Same Moses! Though in Islamic"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2091.14,"endTime":2096.0,"body":"languages, he would be called"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2091.14,"endTime":2096.0,"body":"Musa. So, Moses is important"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2096.0,"endTime":2098.79,"body":"within a religious tradition"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2096.0,"endTime":2098.79,"body":"that literally sees itself as"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2098.79,"endTime":2103.17,"body":"inheriting and continuing the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2098.79,"endTime":2103.17,"body":"prophetic legacy of Abe, Musa,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2103.23,"endTime":2104.16,"body":"and Jesus!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2104.16,"endTime":2108.36,"body":"*chuckles* Gosh!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2104.16,"endTime":2108.36,"body":"That's interesting!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2107.409,"endTime":2109.46,"body":"So,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2107.409,"endTime":2109.46,"body":"that's part one of Ashura."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2109.529,"endTime":2113.633,"body":"Ashura is also a holiday that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2109.529,"endTime":2113.633,"body":"marks the martyrdom of Husayn,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2113.701,"endTime":2117.6,"body":"'Ali's son, and therefore"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2113.701,"endTime":2117.6,"body":"Muhammad's grandson, during the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2117.668,"endTime":2121.704,"body":"Battle of Karbala. So like I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2117.668,"endTime":2121.704,"body":"said before, Shi'a trace their"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2121.772,"endTime":2125.808,"body":"theology and lineage to 'Ali--"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2121.772,"endTime":2125.808,"body":"so as you might imagine, the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2125.876,"endTime":2129.844,"body":"commemoration of Husayn's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2125.876,"endTime":2129.844,"body":"assassination is SUPER important"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2129.912,"endTime":2133.948,"body":"to this group of Muslims. And"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2129.912,"endTime":2133.948,"body":"it's not unimportant to Sunni"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2134.016,"endTime":2138.052,"body":"Muslims, but to make a gross"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2134.016,"endTime":2138.052,"body":"generalization, it's just more"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2138.12,"endTime":2139.42,"body":"important to Shi'a."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2139.71,"endTime":2143.73,"body":"Okay. All right."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2139.71,"endTime":2143.73,"body":"So how do Muslims celebrate or"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2143.73,"endTime":2145.17,"body":"observe Ashura?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2145.81,"endTime":2148.0,"body":"For"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2145.81,"endTime":2148.0,"body":"Shi'a, there are a few major"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2148.0,"endTime":2151.06,"body":"rituals. There is memorial"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2148.0,"endTime":2151.06,"body":"services, the visitation of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2151.09,"endTime":2155.35,"body":"Husayn's tomb in Karbala, which"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2151.09,"endTime":2155.35,"body":"is in Iraq. There are public"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2155.35,"endTime":2159.7,"body":"mourning processions, so like,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2155.35,"endTime":2159.7,"body":"big parades of people that will"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2160.15,"endTime":2164.98,"body":"mourn in public, and there's the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2160.15,"endTime":2164.98,"body":"representation of the battle of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2164.98,"endTime":2168.28,"body":"Karbala, in the form of a play"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2164.98,"endTime":2168.28,"body":"in some places, and there can be"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2168.28,"endTime":2173.65,"body":"rituals of self-flagellation."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2168.28,"endTime":2173.65,"body":"Some Shi'i Muslims believe that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2173.65,"endTime":2177.1,"body":"taking part in Ashura washes"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2173.65,"endTime":2177.1,"body":"away their sins, so to speak."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2177.52,"endTime":2181.03,"body":"Other popular interpretations"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2177.52,"endTime":2181.03,"body":"include the slogan, or the line,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2181.06,"endTime":2184.78,"body":"\"Everywhere is Karbala, everyday"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2181.06,"endTime":2184.78,"body":"is Ashura,\" which became popular"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2184.81,"endTime":2188.26,"body":"in and around the Iranian"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2184.81,"endTime":2188.26,"body":"Revolution in particular, and is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2188.26,"endTime":2193.45,"body":"used as a way to mean that..."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2188.26,"endTime":2193.45,"body":"like, fighting oppression,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2193.45,"endTime":2196.0,"body":"right-- so, how Husayn is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2193.45,"endTime":2196.0,"body":"remembered standing up to a bad"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2196.0,"endTime":2200.17,"body":"guy-- is all... it's an all the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2196.0,"endTime":2200.17,"body":"time thing. It's not a one day,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2200.17,"endTime":2200.62,"body":"right?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2200.84,"endTime":2203.9,"body":"Okay. So it seems"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2200.84,"endTime":2203.9,"body":"like in Shi'i majority places,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2203.9,"endTime":2207.08,"body":"there are a lot of public"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2203.9,"endTime":2207.08,"body":"rituals around this holiday."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2207.08,"endTime":2207.14,"body":"Mhm."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2207.56,"endTime":2210.89,"body":"And so, I would"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2207.56,"endTime":2210.89,"body":"expect it in Iran, or Iraq, or"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2210.89,"endTime":2216.47,"body":"Bahrain, or Lebanon, maybe, or"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2210.89,"endTime":2216.47,"body":"Azerbaijan, this would be really"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2216.47,"endTime":2219.98,"body":"important. What do Shi'i Ashura"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2216.47,"endTime":2219.98,"body":"practices look like beyond those"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2219.98,"endTime":2222.53,"body":"majority spaces? Do you know? I"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2219.98,"endTime":2222.53,"body":"bet you do. You know so many"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2222.53,"endTime":2222.71,"body":"things."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2223.22,"endTime":2224.99,"body":"So"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2223.22,"endTime":2224.99,"body":"like, let's take Pakistan, for"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2224.99,"endTime":2225.5,"body":"example."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2225.53,"endTime":2225.98,"body":"Yeah, okay."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2226.26,"endTime":2228.84,"body":"Pakistan"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2226.26,"endTime":2228.84,"body":"is Sunni majority. And I think"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2228.84,"endTime":2238.32,"body":"it's something like 80-85%"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2228.84,"endTime":2238.32,"body":"Sunni, 15-20% Shi'a, and there's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2238.32,"endTime":2242.73,"body":"been quite a lot of anti-Shi'a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2238.32,"endTime":2242.73,"body":"violence in recent years. Like,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2242.76,"endTime":2246.78,"body":"I would never want to downplay"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2242.76,"endTime":2246.78,"body":"that. It affects friends of ours"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2246.78,"endTime":2252.75,"body":"like it is a really big deal."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2246.78,"endTime":2252.75,"body":"That said, even in that tableau"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2252.78,"endTime":2259.26,"body":"of... gosh, persecution, Ashura"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2252.78,"endTime":2259.26,"body":"is a public holiday. Like,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2259.29,"endTime":2261.93,"body":"banks, and schools, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2259.29,"endTime":2261.93,"body":"government offices are closed"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2261.93,"endTime":2267.6,"body":"for it. You best believe it's on"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2261.93,"endTime":2267.6,"body":"the calendar. Shi'i observances,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2267.6,"endTime":2271.83,"body":"like public morning rituals and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2267.6,"endTime":2271.83,"body":"processions, are heavily policed"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2271.83,"endTime":2276.21,"body":"in some cities to ensure"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2271.83,"endTime":2276.21,"body":"peacefulness, though some could"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2276.21,"endTime":2278.97,"body":"argue (and I might argue) that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2276.21,"endTime":2278.97,"body":"they're police for reasons of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2278.97,"endTime":2281.49,"body":"scrutiny and like... policing?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2281.76,"endTime":2282.03,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2282.78,"endTime":2284.46,"body":"At"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2282.78,"endTime":2284.46,"body":"these public rituals, though,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2284.61,"endTime":2287.79,"body":"some folks will say-- like what"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2284.61,"endTime":2287.79,"body":"this looks like, physically,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2287.79,"endTime":2291.45,"body":"some folks like beat their"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2287.79,"endTime":2291.45,"body":"chests, or maybe use a rope to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2291.45,"endTime":2296.85,"body":"hit themselves, and others may"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2291.45,"endTime":2296.85,"body":"even make small cuts on their"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2296.85,"endTime":2301.44,"body":"bodies with razors or knives--"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2296.85,"endTime":2301.44,"body":"all of which is to symbolize the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2301.44,"endTime":2305.01,"body":"experience of Husayn before he"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2301.44,"endTime":2305.01,"body":"was beheaded during this Battle"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2305.01,"endTime":2307.89,"body":"of Karbala, but it's also meant"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2305.01,"endTime":2307.89,"body":"to represent that fighting"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2307.92,"endTime":2313.53,"body":"oppression can be painful, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2307.92,"endTime":2313.53,"body":"take sacrifices. So, I'm"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2313.53,"endTime":2315.69,"body":"focusing on the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2313.53,"endTime":2315.69,"body":"self-flagellation piece because"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2315.69,"endTime":2318.63,"body":"it is one of the things that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2315.69,"endTime":2318.63,"body":"Americans know about Shi'i"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2318.63,"endTime":2323.67,"body":"Islam, it is one of the things"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2318.63,"endTime":2323.67,"body":"that Americans use to prove the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2323.97,"endTime":2327.78,"body":"barbaric, inherent quality of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2323.97,"endTime":2327.78,"body":"Shi'a."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2327.96,"endTime":2328.2,"body":"Oi."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2328.0,"endTime":2331.06,"body":"Uh"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2328.0,"endTime":2331.06,"body":"huh! And I know that Americans,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2331.06,"endTime":2333.76,"body":"in particular, usually lose it"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2331.06,"endTime":2333.76,"body":"when they hear about practices"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2333.76,"endTime":2337.36,"body":"that look like things that we"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2333.76,"endTime":2337.36,"body":"might call self-harm-- and I get"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2337.36,"endTime":2341.89,"body":"that-- but if religion is what"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2337.36,"endTime":2341.89,"body":"people do, some people do this."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2342.37,"endTime":2346.09,"body":"And they do it even though, in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2342.37,"endTime":2346.09,"body":"recent years, Shi'i imams or"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2346.09,"endTime":2349.81,"body":"clerics have said not to."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2346.09,"endTime":2349.81,"body":"Because again, religion is what"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2349.81,"endTime":2354.22,"body":"people do, not what rules or"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2349.81,"endTime":2354.22,"body":"leaders say. So, I'm bringing"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2354.22,"endTime":2358.51,"body":"this up on purpose, not to,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2354.22,"endTime":2358.51,"body":"like, further fetishize this"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2358.51,"endTime":2361.18,"body":"practice, but to address it head"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2358.51,"endTime":2361.18,"body":"on. Because I think when you"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2361.18,"endTime":2364.27,"body":"Google Shi'i practices, this is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2361.18,"endTime":2364.27,"body":"the first thing that comes up"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2364.27,"endTime":2366.64,"body":"with often very disturbing"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2364.27,"endTime":2366.64,"body":"images."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2366.78,"endTime":2371.16,"body":"Yeah, yeah. I"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2366.78,"endTime":2371.16,"body":"think we see similar patterns"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2371.19,"endTime":2374.94,"body":"of, like, exoticisation around"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2371.19,"endTime":2374.94,"body":"the Lakota Sundance, right?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2374.94,"endTime":2377.07,"body":"Where that might be the ONLY"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2374.94,"endTime":2377.07,"body":"thing that people know about the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2377.07,"endTime":2381.21,"body":"Lakota. But self-harm and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2377.07,"endTime":2381.21,"body":"self-denial, or"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2381.21,"endTime":2384.15,"body":"self-restriction, show up in so"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2381.21,"endTime":2384.15,"body":"many religious spaces. While you"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2384.15,"endTime":2386.55,"body":"were describing this, I'm"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2384.15,"endTime":2386.55,"body":"thinking about the folks who"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2386.55,"endTime":2390.6,"body":"really take, like, Christian"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2386.55,"endTime":2390.6,"body":"passion plays to the extreme."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2390.6,"endTime":2393.27,"body":"So, you've got folks who will,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2390.6,"endTime":2393.27,"body":"like, put on crowns of thorns"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2393.27,"endTime":2397.89,"body":"and drag around a crucifix. That"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2393.27,"endTime":2397.89,"body":"happens every year, still! Like,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2397.95,"endTime":2400.14,"body":"it happens in smaller ways, too!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2397.95,"endTime":2400.14,"body":"Like, early Seventh Day"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2400.14,"endTime":2403.8,"body":"Adventists encouraging"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2400.14,"endTime":2403.8,"body":"vegetarianism, or like Catholics"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2403.8,"endTime":2407.61,"body":"doing SO much kneeling during"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2403.8,"endTime":2407.61,"body":"services, or like fasting during"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2407.61,"endTime":2411.69,"body":"Lent, etc., etc., and so forth."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2407.61,"endTime":2411.69,"body":"And those practices vary among"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2411.69,"endTime":2414.03,"body":"communities and even among"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2411.69,"endTime":2414.03,"body":"practitioners in the same"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2414.03,"endTime":2418.44,"body":"community! I won't, for example,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2414.03,"endTime":2418.44,"body":"like, recommend to the film"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2418.44,"endTime":2421.77,"body":"Saint Maude, especially if you"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2418.44,"endTime":2421.77,"body":"have a weak stomach, but for"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2421.77,"endTime":2427.65,"body":"folks who've seen it, you know"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2421.77,"endTime":2427.65,"body":"what I'm getting at. And... not"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2427.65,"endTime":2430.08,"body":"to ever imply that religion is"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2427.65,"endTime":2430.08,"body":"not special, because obviously,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2430.08,"endTime":2433.23,"body":"it's very special to us, but"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2430.08,"endTime":2433.23,"body":"like, legit every dance movie I"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2433.23,"endTime":2437.34,"body":"have ever watched loves to show"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2433.23,"endTime":2437.34,"body":"how fucked up dancers feet get,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2437.58,"endTime":2441.78,"body":"so let's not pretend harming the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2437.58,"endTime":2441.78,"body":"body for discipline, art, and/or"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2441.78,"endTime":2445.56,"body":"love is in, any way, unique to"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2441.78,"endTime":2445.56,"body":"religion. So... anyway."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2445.74,"endTime":2447.54,"body":"That's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2445.74,"endTime":2447.54,"body":"a great example. It is! It's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2447.54,"endTime":2452.04,"body":"just a great example. Anyway."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2447.54,"endTime":2452.04,"body":"Because I'm our timekeeper,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2452.04,"endTime":2457.17,"body":"let's come back to what I'm"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2452.04,"endTime":2457.17,"body":"saying! So, Ashura isn't only"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2457.35,"endTime":2460.56,"body":"Shi'a, nor is it only mourning,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2457.35,"endTime":2460.56,"body":"right? So, that's the vast"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2460.56,"endTime":2464.07,"body":"majority of Shi'a practices, but"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2460.56,"endTime":2464.07,"body":"it's not only that! In some"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2464.07,"endTime":2469.05,"body":"parts of Morocco, for example,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2464.07,"endTime":2469.05,"body":"it's a fairly celebratory mood,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2469.05,"endTime":2472.98,"body":"from what I understand. There's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2469.05,"endTime":2472.98,"body":"fasting, as we see elsewhere,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2472.98,"endTime":2476.34,"body":"but there's also joyful breaking"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2472.98,"endTime":2476.34,"body":"the fast with super sweet foods"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2476.34,"endTime":2480.03,"body":"and fancy meat dishes that make"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2476.34,"endTime":2480.03,"body":"even me, a lifelong vegetarian,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2480.24,"endTime":2482.58,"body":"feel like meat smells good"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2480.24,"endTime":2482.58,"body":"through these photos?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2483.06,"endTime":2484.5,"body":"I was gonna say,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2483.06,"endTime":2484.5,"body":"now I'm hungry. *laughs*"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2485.05,"endTime":2487.21,"body":"And"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2485.05,"endTime":2487.21,"body":"it's become a day of honoring"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2487.21,"endTime":2491.32,"body":"your own family's departed and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2487.21,"endTime":2491.32,"body":"deceased. So kids get gifts,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2491.32,"endTime":2495.7,"body":"there's bonfires and fireworks,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2491.32,"endTime":2495.7,"body":"and this is in a Sunni majority"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2495.7,"endTime":2497.8,"body":"nation. Morocco, right?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2498.64,"endTime":2501.37,"body":"Oh, sorry. I was"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2498.64,"endTime":2501.37,"body":"like, \"That sounds so good, I"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2501.4,"endTime":2501.76,"body":"WANT that!\""},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2502.71,"endTime":2503.67,"body":"I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2502.71,"endTime":2503.67,"body":"know. Who doesn't want, like, a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2503.67,"endTime":2504.87,"body":"really good tajine, right?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2504.96,"endTime":2507.27,"body":"Right?! Like, I"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2504.96,"endTime":2507.27,"body":"am hungry for snacks, but also"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2507.27,"endTime":2509.88,"body":"justice, and that sounds like a"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2507.27,"endTime":2509.88,"body":"great way to bring those two"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2509.88,"endTime":2513.93,"body":"together. Awesome. So I think"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2509.88,"endTime":2513.93,"body":"what I'm hearing is that Ashura"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2513.93,"endTime":2518.46,"body":"is important to Sunni and Shi'a,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2513.93,"endTime":2518.46,"body":"and it has a bunch of practices"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2518.46,"endTime":2520.86,"body":"that are about why that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2518.46,"endTime":2520.86,"body":"particular group, in that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2520.86,"endTime":2523.95,"body":"particular time, in that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2520.86,"endTime":2523.95,"body":"particular space is observing"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2523.95,"endTime":2527.61,"body":"the holiday in the first place,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2523.95,"endTime":2527.61,"body":"and also, where they are when"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2527.61,"endTime":2530.58,"body":"they are, and who they are and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2527.61,"endTime":2530.58,"body":"where they fit in social"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2530.58,"endTime":2535.47,"body":"organization. Okay. So, this"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2530.58,"endTime":2535.47,"body":"focus on region makes me want to"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2535.47,"endTime":2538.23,"body":"hear from Dr. Kristian Petersen,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2535.47,"endTime":2538.23,"body":"whomst I always want to hear"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2538.23,"endTime":2541.71,"body":"from, frankly, and who we tasked"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2538.23,"endTime":2541.71,"body":"with talking about China. All of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2541.71,"endTime":2545.97,"body":"it. Dr. Petersen is one of our"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2541.71,"endTime":2545.97,"body":"incredible friends whose"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2545.97,"endTime":2550.14,"body":"interests are varied, but his"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2545.97,"endTime":2550.14,"body":"training and his first book was"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2550.17,"endTime":2552.42,"body":"on Islam's development in China."},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2554.49,"endTime":2556.44,"body":"My name"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2554.49,"endTime":2556.44,"body":"is Kristian Petersen, and I'm an"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2556.44,"endTime":2560.34,"body":"expert on Muslims in China. I"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2556.44,"endTime":2560.34,"body":"care that students, scholars, my"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2560.34,"endTime":2563.07,"body":"neighbors and community know"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2560.34,"endTime":2563.07,"body":"about what I study because"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2563.07,"endTime":2566.25,"body":"Muslims in China are essential"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2563.07,"endTime":2566.25,"body":"to understanding Islam as a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2566.25,"endTime":2569.94,"body":"diverse and dynamic tradition,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2566.25,"endTime":2569.94,"body":"and central to current global"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2569.97,"endTime":2573.81,"body":"politics. The one thing I wish"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2569.97,"endTime":2573.81,"body":"people knew about Islam in China"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2573.84,"endTime":2577.23,"body":"is that Muslims have had a long"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2573.84,"endTime":2577.23,"body":"history in East Asia, going all"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2577.23,"endTime":2580.71,"body":"the way back to its origins."},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2577.23,"endTime":2580.71,"body":"There's evidence of Muslims in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2580.71,"endTime":2583.29,"body":"the region within a few"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2580.71,"endTime":2583.29,"body":"generations after the death of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2583.29,"endTime":2587.04,"body":"Muhammad. Just a few 100 years"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2583.29,"endTime":2587.04,"body":"later, elaborate local mosques"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2587.04,"endTime":2589.98,"body":"were built in various cities,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2587.04,"endTime":2589.98,"body":"and eventually, Sino-Muslim"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2590.1,"endTime":2594.87,"body":"scholars were writing Islamic"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2590.1,"endTime":2594.87,"body":"texts in literary Chinese. Islam"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2594.9,"endTime":2597.72,"body":"is a Chinese religion as much as"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2594.9,"endTime":2597.72,"body":"any other tradition."},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2598.32,"endTime":2601.8,"body":"Interpretations of Islam in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2598.32,"endTime":2601.8,"body":"China very often conformed to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2601.8,"endTime":2605.55,"body":"what most Americans might"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2601.8,"endTime":2605.55,"body":"identify as normative Islam, in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2605.55,"endTime":2609.18,"body":"terms of things like eating"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2605.55,"endTime":2609.18,"body":"habits, customs of dress, ritual"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2609.18,"endTime":2613.2,"body":"practice, or architecture. But"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2609.18,"endTime":2613.2,"body":"at the same time, these shared"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2613.2,"endTime":2617.01,"body":"patterns can take on distinctive"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2613.2,"endTime":2617.01,"body":"expressions that are shaped by"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2617.01,"endTime":2621.3,"body":"broader Chinese traditions and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2617.01,"endTime":2621.3,"body":"aesthetics. For example, like"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2621.3,"endTime":2624.57,"body":"most mosques across the globe,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2621.3,"endTime":2624.57,"body":"those in China will have a"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2624.57,"endTime":2628.08,"body":"mihrab indicating the direction"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2624.57,"endTime":2628.08,"body":"of prayer, Arabic calligraphy"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2628.08,"endTime":2632.13,"body":"throughout, and a minaret to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2628.08,"endTime":2632.13,"body":"send out the call to prayer. But"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2632.13,"endTime":2635.34,"body":"these will be created with"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2632.13,"endTime":2635.34,"body":"features that are distinctly"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2635.34,"endTime":2639.96,"body":"Chinese in nature. Buildings"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2635.34,"endTime":2639.96,"body":"will often have elaborate wooden"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2639.96,"endTime":2643.89,"body":"dates or stone archways,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2639.96,"endTime":2643.89,"body":"pagoda-style towers as the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2643.89,"endTime":2648.0,"body":"minaret, carvings of dragons,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2643.89,"endTime":2648.0,"body":"sweeping roofs with ceramic"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2648.0,"endTime":2653.22,"body":"tiles, and be built using the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2648.0,"endTime":2653.22,"body":"logic of Fung Shui philosophy,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2653.52,"endTime":2657.15,"body":"making mosques almost"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2653.52,"endTime":2657.15,"body":"indistinguishable from Buddhist"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2657.18,"endTime":2660.66,"body":"or Taoist temples for most"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2657.18,"endTime":2660.66,"body":"Americans. Great examples of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2660.66,"endTime":2663.54,"body":"this unique style of mosque"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2660.66,"endTime":2663.54,"body":"architecture are the Great"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2663.54,"endTime":2668.67,"body":"Mosque in Xi'an, or the Ox"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2663.54,"endTime":2668.67,"body":"Street Mosque in Beijing. One"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2668.67,"endTime":2672.24,"body":"unique thing about Sino-Muslim"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2668.67,"endTime":2672.24,"body":"community is that, in various"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2672.24,"endTime":2674.58,"body":"parts of China, they have"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2672.24,"endTime":2674.58,"body":"developed a tradition of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2674.61,"endTime":2679.38,"body":"women-only mosques. In these"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2674.61,"endTime":2679.38,"body":"institutions, female leaders"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2679.41,"endTime":2682.5,"body":"head ritual prayer and serve as"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2679.41,"endTime":2682.5,"body":"teachers for religious"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2682.5,"endTime":2685.68,"body":"education. For several"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2682.5,"endTime":2685.68,"body":"centuries, these types of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2685.68,"endTime":2688.26,"body":"mosques have been built"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2685.68,"endTime":2688.26,"body":"alongside the main community"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2688.26,"endTime":2691.77,"body":"mosque that served the male"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2688.26,"endTime":2691.77,"body":"members, and they hold parallel"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2691.77,"endTime":2697.41,"body":"activities. In one community I"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2691.77,"endTime":2697.41,"body":"visited, I went to a giant new"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2697.41,"endTime":2701.73,"body":"mosque that was just constructed"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2697.41,"endTime":2701.73,"body":"in a Arabian Gulf architectural"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2701.76,"endTime":2704.7,"body":"aesthetic, but instead of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2701.76,"endTime":2704.7,"body":"demolishing the traditional"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2704.7,"endTime":2708.12,"body":"Chinese style mosque, it was"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2704.7,"endTime":2708.12,"body":"converted into a woman-only"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2708.12,"endTime":2712.71,"body":"institution just adjacent to the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2708.12,"endTime":2712.71,"body":"new center. To me, this"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2712.71,"endTime":2715.17,"body":"demonstrated how this"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2712.71,"endTime":2715.17,"body":"contemporary way Muslim"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2715.17,"endTime":2719.67,"body":"community understood themselves"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2715.17,"endTime":2719.67,"body":"as part of a global ummah with"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2719.67,"endTime":2723.69,"body":"guiding norms, but also valued"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2719.67,"endTime":2723.69,"body":"and upheld their unique, local"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2723.69,"endTime":2727.86,"body":"practices and vernacular"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2723.69,"endTime":2727.86,"body":"expressions of Islam. For them,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2727.89,"endTime":2730.86,"body":"it seemed that there was no"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2727.89,"endTime":2730.86,"body":"contradiction or tension between"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2730.86,"endTime":2736.77,"body":"being both Muslim and Chinese. A"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2730.86,"endTime":2736.77,"body":"common framing of Islam in the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2736.77,"endTime":2740.28,"body":"world religions model is to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2736.77,"endTime":2740.28,"body":"place it in an east and west"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2740.31,"endTime":2744.0,"body":"dichotomy, that essentializes"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2740.31,"endTime":2744.0,"body":"and privileges the origins of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2744.0,"endTime":2749.55,"body":"traditions over their historical"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2744.0,"endTime":2749.55,"body":"unfolding. It is organized as a,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2749.55,"endTime":2753.48,"body":"quote unquote, \"Abrahamic\""},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2749.55,"endTime":2753.48,"body":"religion that is akin to Judaism"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2753.54,"endTime":2758.34,"body":"and Christianity. Categories"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2753.54,"endTime":2758.34,"body":"like \"Eastern tradition,\" or"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2758.37,"endTime":2762.33,"body":"\"Asian religions\" generally"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2758.37,"endTime":2762.33,"body":"don't include Islam, despite the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2762.33,"endTime":2765.09,"body":"fact that the vast majority of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2762.33,"endTime":2765.09,"body":"Muslims live in south or"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2765.09,"endTime":2769.71,"body":"southeast Asia. So, Muslim"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2765.09,"endTime":2769.71,"body":"practices or interpretations of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2769.71,"endTime":2773.16,"body":"Islam that are shaped by Asian"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2769.71,"endTime":2773.16,"body":"cultures and histories are"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2773.16,"endTime":2777.75,"body":"frequently deemed derivative,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2773.16,"endTime":2777.75,"body":"peripheral, inauthentic, or"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2777.78,"endTime":2782.46,"body":"unorthodox. These types of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2777.78,"endTime":2782.46,"body":"conclusions prohibit folks from"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2782.46,"endTime":2785.52,"body":"really seeing how the tradition"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2782.46,"endTime":2785.52,"body":"is carried out across a wide"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2785.55,"endTime":2789.3,"body":"spectrum of vantage points. With"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2785.55,"endTime":2789.3,"body":"the growing visibility of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2789.3,"endTime":2793.38,"body":"Muslims in China for issues of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2789.3,"endTime":2793.38,"body":"global politics, practices of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2793.38,"endTime":2797.61,"body":"corporate capitalism, and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2793.38,"endTime":2797.61,"body":"international law-- callback to"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2797.61,"endTime":2801.84,"body":"episode 408 on religion law,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2797.61,"endTime":2801.84,"body":"well done outside your areas of"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2801.84,"endTime":2806.28,"body":"expertise, ladies-- and the"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2801.84,"endTime":2806.28,"body":"growth of active disinformation"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2806.28,"endTime":2810.57,"body":"campaigns about the situation,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2806.28,"endTime":2810.57,"body":"deeper knowledge of Muslims in"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2810.57,"endTime":2813.81,"body":"the region is certainly"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2810.57,"endTime":2813.81,"body":"necessary today. I would"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2813.81,"endTime":2817.14,"body":"encourage listeners of the pod"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2813.81,"endTime":2817.14,"body":"to check out experts like"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2817.17,"endTime":2822.54,"body":"Guldana Salimjan, Darren Byler,"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2817.17,"endTime":2822.54,"body":"Joshua Freeman, Joe Smith"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2822.54,"endTime":2826.98,"body":"Finley, Tim Grose, Elise"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2822.54,"endTime":2826.98,"body":"Anderson, Rian Thum, and Rachel"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2826.98,"endTime":2830.67,"body":"Harris, who helped bring Uyghur"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2826.98,"endTime":2830.67,"body":"voices to the public by"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2830.67,"endTime":2833.97,"body":"translating their words and"},{"speaker":"Dr. Kristian Petersen","startTime":2830.67,"endTime":2833.97,"body":"sharing their stories."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2836.09,"endTime":2838.19,"body":"I just"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2836.09,"endTime":2838.19,"body":"adore our friend Kristian. And"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2838.19,"endTime":2842.24,"body":"I'm always shocked by how much I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2838.19,"endTime":2842.24,"body":"DON'T know about Sino-Islam or"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2842.24,"endTime":2843.35,"body":"Chinese Muslims."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2843.35,"endTime":2843.8,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2844.31,"endTime":2846.59,"body":"Like,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2844.31,"endTime":2846.59,"body":"it's shocking. But a good"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2846.59,"endTime":2849.23,"body":"reminder that even though I'm"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2846.59,"endTime":2849.23,"body":"often responsible for quite a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2849.23,"endTime":2851.45,"body":"lot of the world, I don't know"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2849.23,"endTime":2851.45,"body":"most of it."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2851.6,"endTime":2854.36,"body":"What?! Islam is"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2851.6,"endTime":2854.36,"body":"not even what you, Ilyse, a"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2854.36,"endTime":2857.39,"body":"professional, think it is?!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2854.36,"endTime":2857.39,"body":"Gasp."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2855.46,"endTime":2857.77,"body":"Gasp."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2855.46,"endTime":2857.77,"body":"But what I want to underline of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2857.77,"endTime":2860.77,"body":"Dr. Petersen's guest spot is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2857.77,"endTime":2860.77,"body":"that Chinese Muslims see no"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2860.77,"endTime":2865.93,"body":"contradiction or tension between"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2860.77,"endTime":2865.93,"body":"being both Muslim and Chinese."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2861.35,"endTime":2877.01,"body":"Yeah, that checks"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2861.35,"endTime":2877.01,"body":"out. That checks out! I want to"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2866.23,"endTime":2869.38,"body":"Mosques look Chinese because"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2866.23,"endTime":2869.38,"body":"they are in China. That makes"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2877.01,"endTime":2880.16,"body":"say that I learned about"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2877.01,"endTime":2880.16,"body":"women-only and women-led mosques"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2880.16,"endTime":2883.46,"body":"outside the US! I know about the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2880.16,"endTime":2883.46,"body":"women's mosque in LA, but"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2883.46,"endTime":2887.45,"body":"honestly (and solipsistically),"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2883.46,"endTime":2887.45,"body":"I never thought about women-only"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2887.48,"endTime":2892.64,"body":"mosque spaces outside the US. I"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2887.48,"endTime":2892.64,"body":"know many Muslim leaders in the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2892.64,"endTime":2896.27,"body":"US debate and disagree on how"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2892.64,"endTime":2896.27,"body":"and when women can lead prayers."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2896.51,"endTime":2900.05,"body":"We talked about, Dr. AminaWadud"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2896.51,"endTime":2900.05,"body":"on episode 205, and so, like,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2900.05,"endTime":2904.61,"body":"given that controversy, it's not"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2900.05,"endTime":2904.61,"body":"surprising that women-only"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2904.73,"endTime":2909.29,"body":"spaces allow for women leaders."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2904.73,"endTime":2909.29,"body":"I think I am surprised that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2909.29,"endTime":2911.42,"body":"there had been a thriving"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2909.29,"endTime":2911.42,"body":"example of this that I wasn't"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2911.42,"endTime":2915.44,"body":"aware of, because we don't talk"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2911.42,"endTime":2915.44,"body":"about Islam's plurality, really,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2915.44,"endTime":2918.23,"body":"and we almost never hear about"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2915.44,"endTime":2918.23,"body":"Islam in China."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2918.9,"endTime":2920.28,"body":"Which"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2918.9,"endTime":2920.28,"body":"is another thing I actually want"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2920.28,"endTime":2923.19,"body":"to highlight, and underline, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2920.28,"endTime":2923.19,"body":"make sure our listeners heard."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2923.46,"endTime":2926.64,"body":"Dr. Petersen said that in the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2923.46,"endTime":2926.64,"body":"world's religions model, Islam"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2926.64,"endTime":2930.54,"body":"sort of gets lost. It's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2926.64,"endTime":2930.54,"body":"\"Abrahamic,\" so it is like"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2930.54,"endTime":2934.05,"body":"Judaism and Christianity in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2930.54,"endTime":2934.05,"body":"terms of its origins, but"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2934.08,"endTime":2939.51,"body":"Muslims are predominantly,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2934.08,"endTime":2939.51,"body":"overwhelmingly Asian. Islam, he"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2939.51,"endTime":2945.0,"body":"said, is an Asian religion. But"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2939.51,"endTime":2945.0,"body":"in classes on Asian religions,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2945.0,"endTime":2949.32,"body":"we rarely, RARELY see Islam"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2945.0,"endTime":2949.32,"body":"taught! Which means that we"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2949.32,"endTime":2952.56,"body":"obscure Islam's Asian"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2949.32,"endTime":2952.56,"body":"manifestations-- which are"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2952.56,"endTime":2953.25,"body":"many!--"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2953.28,"endTime":2953.73,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2954.06,"endTime":2956.16,"body":"And it"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2954.06,"endTime":2956.16,"body":"also means that we reinforce the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2956.16,"endTime":2960.48,"body":"idea that Islam is best"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2956.16,"endTime":2960.48,"body":"understood as Middle Eastern, as"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":2960.48,"endTime":2962.97,"body":"opposed to ANYTHING else."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2965.07,"endTime":2967.83,"body":"Infinity this."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2965.07,"endTime":2967.83,"body":"When we classify Islam in the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2967.83,"endTime":2971.07,"body":"world religions paradigm, things"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2967.83,"endTime":2971.07,"body":"get really screwed up because"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2971.1,"endTime":2973.83,"body":"it's a screwed up paradigm. And,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2971.1,"endTime":2973.83,"body":"it's usually because of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2973.83,"endTime":2979.05,"body":"Islamophobia on top of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2973.83,"endTime":2979.05,"body":"Orientalism... infinity-sized."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2982.2,"endTime":2986.88,"body":"But, despite our despair and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2982.2,"endTime":2986.88,"body":"frustration, it is time to move"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2986.88,"endTime":2988.47,"body":"on to... A Little Bit Leave It!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2989.05,"endTime":2991.936,"body":"Where we're"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2989.05,"endTime":2991.936,"body":"letting you know what we think"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2992.004,"endTime":2995.921,"body":"the most important, most"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":2992.004,"endTime":2995.921,"body":"interesting, or most challenging"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":2992.67,"endTime":2994.83,"body":"*A Little"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":2992.67,"endTime":2994.83,"body":"Bit Leave It soundbit*"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":2995.99,"endTime":2999.975,"body":"part of the topic is. It's a"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":2995.99,"endTime":2999.975,"body":"little bit to leave you with!"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":2996.19,"endTime":3046.71,"body":"Yeah. Yeah! I guess my Little"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":2996.19,"endTime":3046.71,"body":"Bit Leave you is-- or, Little"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3000.044,"endTime":3004.029,"body":"And I think my A Little bit"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3000.044,"endTime":3004.029,"body":"Leave it for today is twofold."},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3004.098,"endTime":3008.29,"body":"First, there is SO much to this"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3004.098,"endTime":3008.29,"body":"tradition that never makes it"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3008.358,"endTime":3012.619,"body":"into public conversations about"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3008.358,"endTime":3012.619,"body":"Islam-- in popular news media,"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3012.687,"endTime":3016.604,"body":"even in my classes, where my"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3012.687,"endTime":3016.604,"body":"whole plan is to try to show"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3016.673,"endTime":3021.071,"body":"internal variety and complexity."},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3016.673,"endTime":3021.071,"body":"So, there's always more work to"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3021.139,"endTime":3024.919,"body":"do. And second, that even"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3021.139,"endTime":3024.919,"body":"thinking about Islam requires"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3024.987,"endTime":3029.248,"body":"those non-Muslims among us to"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3024.987,"endTime":3029.248,"body":"really question the terms we use"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3029.316,"endTime":3032.752,"body":"to think about it, and how easy"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3029.316,"endTime":3032.752,"body":"it is to slip into"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3032.821,"endTime":3036.944,"body":"Christian-inflected terms, like"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3032.821,"endTime":3036.944,"body":"denomination or whatever, to"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3037.012,"endTime":3040.38,"body":"describe an emphatically NOT"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3037.012,"endTime":3040.38,"body":"Christian tradition."},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3046.71,"endTime":3047.58,"body":"Bit Leave It is--"},{"speaker":"A Little Bit Leave It","startTime":3047.58,"endTime":3049.2,"body":"Don't leave me! Never leave me."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3049.2,"endTime":3053.94,"body":"*laughs*"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3049.2,"endTime":3053.94,"body":"Mine is Islam is plural and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3053.94,"endTime":3057.81,"body":"global. That's it. It's Asian,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3053.94,"endTime":3057.81,"body":"it's African, it's North and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3057.81,"endTime":3061.62,"body":"South American, it's European."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3057.81,"endTime":3061.62,"body":"And beyond that, it's Chinese,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3061.62,"endTime":3065.43,"body":"Tajik, Iranian, Sudanese,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3061.62,"endTime":3065.43,"body":"Canadian, American, Trinidadian,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3065.43,"endTime":3068.97,"body":"Brazilian, French, Russian, and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3065.43,"endTime":3068.97,"body":"English, among many, many other"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3068.97,"endTime":3069.42,"body":"things."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3069.54,"endTime":3070.86,"body":"And no matter"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3069.54,"endTime":3070.86,"body":"what the French say."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3071.98,"endTime":3073.6,"body":"Well,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3071.98,"endTime":3073.6,"body":"I put them there on purpose."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3074.05,"endTime":3078.31,"body":"Making Islam one thing is dated."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3074.05,"endTime":3078.31,"body":"Like, 19th century racist,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3078.31,"endTime":3081.28,"body":"orientalist dated. Like the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3078.31,"endTime":3081.28,"body":"world's religions paradigm, in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3081.28,"endTime":3081.79,"body":"fact."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3082.54,"endTime":3084.19,"body":"Way to bring it"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3082.54,"endTime":3084.19,"body":"back around! Now who loves a"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3084.19,"endTime":3087.55,"body":"callback? And if you don't know,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3084.19,"endTime":3087.55,"body":"now you know..."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3087.869,"endTime":3090.7,"body":"Where we get one"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3087.869,"endTime":3090.7,"body":"factoid each. Alright. So, the"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3088.18,"endTime":3090.16,"body":"*If"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3088.18,"endTime":3090.16,"body":"You Don't Know, Now You Know"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3090.28,"endTime":3090.73,"body":"soundbit*"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3090.76,"endTime":3094.555,"body":"thing I do the most consistent"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3090.76,"endTime":3094.555,"body":"yelling about in world religions"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3094.615,"endTime":3098.109,"body":"classes days on Islam is that"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3094.615,"endTime":3098.109,"body":"while Americans often assume"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3098.169,"endTime":3101.844,"body":"most Muslims live in the Middle"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3098.169,"endTime":3101.844,"body":"East, A.) Middle from where?!"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3101.904,"endTime":3105.699,"body":"Surprise, your maps are racist"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3101.904,"endTime":3105.699,"body":"again. And B.) Indonesia has the"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3105.76,"endTime":3109.615,"body":"highest Muslim population of any"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3105.76,"endTime":3109.615,"body":"country in the world. Indonesia"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3109.675,"endTime":3113.35,"body":"is not in the Middle East, no"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3109.675,"endTime":3113.35,"body":"matter how porous or messy that"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3113.41,"endTime":3116.784,"body":"designation gets, and while"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3113.41,"endTime":3116.784,"body":"Indonesia's government has a"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3116.844,"endTime":3120.759,"body":"complex relationship to and with"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3116.844,"endTime":3120.759,"body":"Islam, especially in the wake of"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3120.82,"endTime":3124.494,"body":"Dutch colonization, Indonesia"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3120.82,"endTime":3124.494,"body":"does not have a, quote unquote,"},{"speaker":"If You Don't Know, Now You Know","startTime":3124.554,"endTime":3125.82,"body":"\"Islamic\" government."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3126.54,"endTime":3127.62,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3126.54,"endTime":3127.62,"body":"Straight up."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3127.74,"endTime":3128.04,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3128.43,"endTime":3130.47,"body":"And I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3128.43,"endTime":3130.47,"body":"guess, spoilers for next"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3130.47,"endTime":3132.93,"body":"episode-- we're gonna talk a lot"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3130.47,"endTime":3132.93,"body":"about this \"Middle East\" and"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3132.93,"endTime":3136.8,"body":"what it does to studying"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3132.93,"endTime":3136.8,"body":"Islam... full tilt."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3136.89,"endTime":3137.61,"body":"Yeah, yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3138.44,"endTime":3140.9,"body":"Okay,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3138.44,"endTime":3140.9,"body":"um... I have two factoids,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3140.9,"endTime":3144.89,"body":"because... we both do that, so"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3140.9,"endTime":3144.89,"body":"why not? One is one that I've"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3144.89,"endTime":3148.04,"body":"said before, but it's worth"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3144.89,"endTime":3148.04,"body":"repeating because every time"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3148.04,"endTime":3150.92,"body":"people-- every time Christians"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3148.04,"endTime":3150.92,"body":"want to put their Christianity"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3150.95,"endTime":3153.62,"body":"onto Islam, the thing that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3150.95,"endTime":3153.62,"body":"they're not willing to talk"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3153.62,"endTime":3156.59,"body":"about is all of the Christian"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3153.62,"endTime":3156.59,"body":"prophets that show up. So, my"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3156.59,"endTime":3160.88,"body":"favorite fun fact about Islam"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3156.59,"endTime":3160.88,"body":"when I teach the Qur'an, to"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3160.91,"endTime":3165.23,"body":"non-Muslims, is that Mary, like,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3160.91,"endTime":3165.23,"body":"the Virgin Mary, like, Mother of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3165.23,"endTime":3169.58,"body":"God (allegedly) is in the Qur'an"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3165.23,"endTime":3169.58,"body":"more than she's in the Bible."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3170.48,"endTime":3172.79,"body":"Okay, A.) that's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3170.48,"endTime":3172.79,"body":"a really fun factoid that I had"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3172.79,"endTime":3175.49,"body":"forgotten, and B.) I liked the"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3172.79,"endTime":3175.49,"body":"allegedly. Well done."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3175.7,"endTime":3177.26,"body":"I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3175.7,"endTime":3177.26,"body":"mean, I just... I'm a Jewish"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3177.41,"endTime":3180.98,"body":"person, so I'm not sure that I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3177.41,"endTime":3180.98,"body":"got all the mom's, but... that's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3181.28,"endTime":3184.79,"body":"neither here nor there. Anyway!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3181.28,"endTime":3184.79,"body":"The second fun fact is that if"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3184.79,"endTime":3188.45,"body":"you drew a circle around South"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3184.79,"endTime":3188.45,"body":"and Southeast Asia, more Muslims"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3188.45,"endTime":3192.23,"body":"would live in that circle than"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3188.45,"endTime":3192.23,"body":"beyond it, despite that circle"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3192.23,"endTime":3196.07,"body":"having fewer square miles of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3192.23,"endTime":3196.07,"body":"land than the rest of the world"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3196.07,"endTime":3200.57,"body":"combined. So like, Islam is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3196.07,"endTime":3200.57,"body":"Asian."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3201.14,"endTime":3203.18,"body":"Islam as an Asian"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3201.14,"endTime":3203.18,"body":"religion, like Dr. Petersen was"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3203.18,"endTime":3203.63,"body":"telling us?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3203.66,"endTime":3204.35,"body":"Exactly."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3206.93,"endTime":3208.64,"body":"Well, on that"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3206.93,"endTime":3208.64,"body":"note, don't pack up your stuff"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3208.67,"endTime":3211.46,"body":"yet, nerds. It's time for"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3208.67,"endTime":3211.46,"body":"homework."},{"speaker":"Simpsons","startTime":3212.0,"endTime":3212.03,"body":"*Homework!*"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3213.26,"endTime":3215.33,"body":"As always, we've"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3213.26,"endTime":3215.33,"body":"got citations... so many"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3215.33,"endTime":3218.69,"body":"citations, so many references"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3215.33,"endTime":3218.69,"body":"and other goodies! And"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3218.69,"endTime":3222.56,"body":"transcripts! Stashed at"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3218.69,"endTime":3222.56,"body":"keepingit101.com for every"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3222.56,"endTime":3225.77,"body":"single episode, including this"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3222.56,"endTime":3225.77,"body":"one. Check 'em out! IRMF, go"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3225.77,"endTime":3226.76,"body":"first. Homework me!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3227.33,"endTime":3228.83,"body":"Alright,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3227.33,"endTime":3228.83,"body":"then. So, Goodwin, how about I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3228.83,"endTime":3231.32,"body":"cite Kristian and you cite"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3228.83,"endTime":3231.32,"body":"Hussein?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3231.41,"endTime":3231.77,"body":"Yeah! Love it."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3231.77,"endTime":3232.73,"body":"To"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3231.77,"endTime":3232.73,"body":"split up our guests?"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3232.76,"endTime":3232.94,"body":"Sure!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3232.89,"endTime":3235.048,"body":"Okay."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3232.89,"endTime":3235.048,"body":"So, Dr. Petersen's first book,"},{"speaker":"\"Interpreting Islam in China","startTime":3235.108,"endTime":3238.465,"body":"Pilgrimage, Scripture, and"},{"speaker":"\"Interpreting Islam in China","startTime":3238.524,"endTime":3242.241,"body":"Language in the Han Kitab\" is a"},{"speaker":"\"Interpreting Islam in China","startTime":3238.524,"endTime":3242.241,"body":"really good book. And frankly,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3239.17,"endTime":3244.54,"body":"It's really"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3239.17,"endTime":3244.54,"body":"smart."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3242.301,"endTime":3245.838,"body":"it is all the things I didn't"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3242.301,"endTime":3245.838,"body":"know about Islam in China. He"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3245.898,"endTime":3249.615,"body":"has another book, of which he's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3245.898,"endTime":3249.615,"body":"the editor, called \"Muslims in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3248.8,"endTime":3268.72,"body":"So,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3248.8,"endTime":3268.72,"body":"everyone go check that out. And"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3249.674,"endTime":3253.331,"body":"A Global Anthology,\""},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3249.674,"endTime":3253.331,"body":"which is just out last year."},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3253.391,"endTime":3256.448,"body":"He's also got another edited"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3253.391,"endTime":3256.448,"body":"volume, this time with"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3256.508,"endTime":3260.165,"body":"Christopher Cantwell, called"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3256.508,"endTime":3260.165,"body":"\"Digital Humanities and Research"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3260.225,"endTime":3263.942,"body":"Methods in Religious Studies,\""},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3260.225,"endTime":3263.942,"body":"which, frankly, is a little off"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3264.002,"endTime":3266.34,"body":"topic from Islam, but it's so"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3264.002,"endTime":3266.34,"body":"worth it."},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3268.72,"endTime":3271.93,"body":"then, there's an article that"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3268.72,"endTime":3271.93,"body":"teaches brilliantly well in my"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3271.96,"endTime":3275.32,"body":"Islam and Race class, titled"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3271.96,"endTime":3275.32,"body":"\"Intersectional Islamophobia:"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3275.32,"endTime":3280.96,"body":"The Case of a Black Ahmadi"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3275.32,"endTime":3280.96,"body":"Muslim Celebrity.\" Yeah. Teaches"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3280.96,"endTime":3285.58,"body":"really, really brilliantly. And"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3280.96,"endTime":3285.58,"body":"I will say, as my last, like"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3285.67,"endTime":3289.66,"body":"pimpin' our guest moment, that"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3285.67,"endTime":3289.66,"body":"Kristian is a bomb.com"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3289.69,"endTime":3293.92,"body":"podcaster, one of the OG"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3289.69,"endTime":3293.92,"body":"podcasters in religious studies,"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3294.19,"endTime":3299.44,"body":"and I will link to his MANY"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3294.19,"endTime":3299.44,"body":"podcasts in the show notes. So,"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3299.44,"endTime":3301.93,"body":"I obviously have too many"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3299.44,"endTime":3301.93,"body":"resources to share here on"},{"speaker":"the Movies","startTime":3301.96,"endTime":3302.65,"body":"Islam."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3302.74,"endTime":3302.92,"body":"Do you?!"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3303.38,"endTime":3305.99,"body":"Here"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3303.38,"endTime":3305.99,"body":"are four of-- on some basics if"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3305.99,"endTime":3309.71,"body":"we've piqued your interest. My"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3305.99,"endTime":3309.71,"body":"advisor, Carl Ernst's \"Following"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3309.71,"endTime":3312.71,"body":"Muhammad\" is an oldie but a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3309.71,"endTime":3312.71,"body":"goodie at this point, and I"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3312.71,"endTime":3315.68,"body":"think does a really good job of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3312.71,"endTime":3315.68,"body":"balancing Sunni and Shi'i"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3315.68,"endTime":3318.98,"body":"Islams, which a lot of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3315.68,"endTime":3318.98,"body":"introductory books absolutely do"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3318.98,"endTime":3319.37,"body":"not."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3319.46,"endTime":3319.85,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3319.96,"endTime":3321.37,"body":"So, a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3319.96,"endTime":3321.37,"body":"lot of introductory books-- this"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3321.4,"endTime":3324.61,"body":"is, like, a warning moment,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3321.4,"endTime":3324.61,"body":"friends-- a lot of introductory"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3324.61,"endTime":3328.84,"body":"books, in the interests of space"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3324.61,"endTime":3328.84,"body":"and attention, take a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3328.84,"endTime":3332.59,"body":"majoritarian view, which means"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3328.84,"endTime":3332.59,"body":"to essentially excise Shi'ism,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3332.59,"endTime":3335.95,"body":"or put it in one chapter, which"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3332.59,"endTime":3335.95,"body":"I think does violence. This book"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3335.95,"endTime":3339.91,"body":"does not too bad. Another goodie"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3335.95,"endTime":3339.91,"body":"that's easy to read and assigned"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3339.91,"endTime":3342.67,"body":"well in classes, and when we're"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3339.91,"endTime":3342.67,"body":"in book clubs, is Sophia Rose"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3342.67,"endTime":3345.64,"body":"Arjana's book \"Pilgrimage in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3342.67,"endTime":3345.64,"body":"Islam: Traditional and Modern"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3345.64,"endTime":3349.72,"body":"Practices.\" It is not just about"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3345.64,"endTime":3349.72,"body":"hajj! It is about pilgrimage"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3349.72,"endTime":3352.18,"body":"literally around the world,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3349.72,"endTime":3352.18,"body":"which is why I like it so much."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3353.5,"endTime":3356.23,"body":"Then there's Nile Green's"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3353.5,"endTime":3356.23,"body":"\"Global Islam: a Very Short"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3356.23,"endTime":3358.72,"body":"Introduction.\" It's in that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3356.23,"endTime":3358.72,"body":"series, Very Short Introduction,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3358.72,"endTime":3361.33,"body":"and it really is about the whole"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3358.72,"endTime":3361.33,"body":"world. So, again, I give it a"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3361.33,"endTime":3365.89,"body":"big thumbs up. And, one of my"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3361.33,"endTime":3365.89,"body":"Islamic Studies heroes, Kecia"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3365.92,"endTime":3370.27,"body":"Ali's \"Lives of Muhammad\" will"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3365.92,"endTime":3370.27,"body":"talk about the prophet, and all"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3370.27,"endTime":3377.08,"body":"of the manifestations that"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3370.27,"endTime":3377.08,"body":"Muslims use him for. But I keep"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3377.08,"endTime":3379.57,"body":"a running list-- and by running"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3377.08,"endTime":3379.57,"body":"list, I mean it's about six"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3379.57,"endTime":3383.56,"body":"pages long-- of good,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3379.57,"endTime":3383.56,"body":"accessible, and usually"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3383.56,"endTime":3386.65,"body":"available in public library"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3383.56,"endTime":3386.65,"body":"books on Islam, which I will"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3386.65,"endTime":3391.21,"body":"post the whole thing of it in"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3386.65,"endTime":3391.21,"body":"the show notes. I'm gonna quit."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3391.21,"endTime":3392.2,"body":"Goodwin, your turn."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3392.19,"endTime":3394.786,"body":"Okay! It's my"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3392.19,"endTime":3394.786,"body":"turn. So, if you want to delve"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3394.25,"endTime":3504.65,"body":"Yeah,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3394.25,"endTime":3504.65,"body":"it's quite good. It's quite"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3394.845,"endTime":3398.386,"body":"into the works of Dr. Hussein"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3394.845,"endTime":3398.386,"body":"Rashid, we can start with \"Ms."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3398.445,"endTime":3401.985,"body":"Marvel's America,\" which he"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3398.445,"endTime":3401.985,"body":"co-edited with Jessica Baldanzi."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3402.044,"endTime":3405.113,"body":"Love a comics moment, very"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3402.044,"endTime":3405.113,"body":"exciting. For our teacher"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3405.172,"endTime":3408.535,"body":"friends, check out \"Diverse"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3405.172,"endTime":3408.535,"body":"Muslim Narratives: Rethinking"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3408.594,"endTime":3412.194,"body":"Islam 101.\" For thinking about"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3408.594,"endTime":3412.194,"body":"Sufism and Shi'a, \"Qawwl and"},{"speaker":"Home","startTime":3412.253,"endTime":3415.203,"body":"'Al in (Im)migrant"},{"speaker":"Home","startTime":3412.253,"endTime":3415.203,"body":"Identity.\" Let's see. On"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3415.262,"endTime":3418.508,"body":"\"American"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3415.262,"endTime":3418.508,"body":"Muslim (Un)Exceptionalism:"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3418.567,"endTime":3421.635,"body":"#BlackLivesMatter and"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3418.567,"endTime":3421.635,"body":"#BringBackOurGirls,\" which Dr."},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3421.694,"endTime":3425.058,"body":"Rashid wrote with Precious"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3421.694,"endTime":3425.058,"body":"Rasheeda. And then, there is a"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3425.117,"endTime":3428.775,"body":"Religion For Breakfast short on"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3425.117,"endTime":3428.775,"body":"Islam on YouTube, which, those"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3428.834,"endTime":3432.493,"body":"all teach really well. I shall"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3428.834,"endTime":3432.493,"body":"also rec the excellent resource"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3432.552,"endTime":3436.034,"body":"edited by our friend, and friend"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3432.552,"endTime":3436.034,"body":"of the pod, Tina Howe, the"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3436.093,"endTime":3439.81,"body":"\"Routledge Handbook of Islam and"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3436.093,"endTime":3439.81,"body":"Gender,\" and I'm also going to"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3439.869,"endTime":3443.469,"body":"suggest Dr. Petersen's OTHER"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3439.869,"endTime":3443.469,"body":"edited volume on Muslims and the"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3443.528,"endTime":3447.127,"body":"movies, \"New Approaches to Islam"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3443.528,"endTime":3447.127,"body":"and Film\" because, one, it's"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3447.186,"endTime":3450.55,"body":"awesome, and two, I have a"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3447.186,"endTime":3450.55,"body":"chapter in it on \"A Girl Walks"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3450.609,"endTime":3454.032,"body":"Home Alone at Night,\" which is"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3450.609,"endTime":3454.032,"body":"an Iranian American western"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3454.091,"endTime":3457.336,"body":"(like cowboys, kind of?)"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3454.091,"endTime":3457.336,"body":"women-directed and led but NOT"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3457.395,"endTime":3460.936,"body":"feminist vampire movie. Good"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3457.395,"endTime":3460.936,"body":"times. There's just, there's so"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3460.995,"endTime":3464.535,"body":"much good stuff. I'm going to"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3460.995,"endTime":3464.535,"body":"limit myself to two more, both"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3464.594,"endTime":3468.017,"body":"of which really changed my"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3464.594,"endTime":3468.017,"body":"thinking in big ways (and which"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3468.076,"endTime":3471.262,"body":"I think we've definitely"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3468.076,"endTime":3471.262,"body":"mentioned on the pod before):"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3471.321,"endTime":3475.039,"body":"Cemil Ayden's \"The Idea of the"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3471.321,"endTime":3475.039,"body":"Muslim World\" and Saba Mahmood's"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3475.098,"endTime":3478.698,"body":"\"Politics of Piety.\" And I lied,"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3475.098,"endTime":3478.698,"body":"actually, because I have one"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3478.757,"endTime":3482.297,"body":"more. The silent partner in our"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3478.757,"endTime":3482.297,"body":"Golden Girls-esque trio, Dr."},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3482.356,"endTime":3485.72,"body":"Kathleen Marie Foody, has a"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3482.356,"endTime":3485.72,"body":"number of very smart articles"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3485.779,"endTime":3489.378,"body":"about Iran and Islam, so check"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3485.779,"endTime":3489.378,"body":"out all of her stuff, but I am"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3489.437,"endTime":3493.214,"body":"predictably partial to her piece"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3489.437,"endTime":3493.214,"body":"on \"Muslims and the Media: from"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3493.273,"endTime":3496.459,"body":"Texts to Affects.\" Oh, and"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3493.273,"endTime":3496.459,"body":"speaking of Muslims and the"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3496.518,"endTime":3499.764,"body":"media, I still need to watch the"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3496.518,"endTime":3499.764,"body":"Netflix series \"We Are"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3499.823,"endTime":3503.01,"body":"Ladyparts,\" about which I have"},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3499.823,"endTime":3503.01,"body":"heard many good things."},{"speaker":"intersectionality","startTime":3504.68,"endTime":3505.07,"body":"good!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3505.61,"endTime":3506.99,"body":"I'll put it on my"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3505.61,"endTime":3506.99,"body":"list. It's been on my list. I"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3506.99,"endTime":3509.45,"body":"need to watch it. I've... been"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3506.99,"endTime":3509.45,"body":"watching a lot of Love Island"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3509.45,"endTime":3512.03,"body":"instead because I'm trash."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3509.45,"endTime":3512.03,"body":"Anyway. BIG THANKS to those of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3512.03,"endTime":3515.3,"body":"you writing reviews on iTunes,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3512.03,"endTime":3515.3,"body":"Amazon, and Google. We found out"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3515.3,"endTime":3516.62,"body":"you can't do it on Spotify,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3515.3,"endTime":3516.62,"body":"right?"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3516.65,"endTime":3518.36,"body":"Yep."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3516.65,"endTime":3518.36,"body":"You can just star us, which is"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3518.36,"endTime":3519.05,"body":"also useful!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3519.0,"endTime":3521.22,"body":"Yeah! We love a"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3519.0,"endTime":3521.22,"body":"star. But we can't see who's"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3521.22,"endTime":3524.73,"body":"doing it, so if you want us to"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3521.22,"endTime":3524.73,"body":"know that we love you and you"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3524.73,"endTime":3528.12,"body":"love us, write us a review on"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3524.73,"endTime":3528.12,"body":"iTunes, Amazon or Google,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3528.15,"endTime":3530.82,"body":"because it really helps! And if"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3528.15,"endTime":3530.82,"body":"you want to be nerd of a week,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3531.69,"endTime":3535.02,"body":"write us a review so we can see"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3531.69,"endTime":3535.02,"body":"your silly handle, you sillies!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3535.26,"endTime":3542.85,"body":"Our nerds of the week this time"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3535.26,"endTime":3542.85,"body":"are: SISWP26, AlaskaRunning, and"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3542.88,"endTime":3543.99,"body":"BDL'99."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3544.35,"endTime":3546.06,"body":"Join"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3544.35,"endTime":3546.06,"body":"us next time for more HISTORY OF"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3546.06,"endTime":3548.97,"body":"THE WORLD (RELIGIONS) PART 1,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3546.06,"endTime":3548.97,"body":"when we chat about Islamic"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3548.97,"endTime":3552.45,"body":"traditions, and are helped out"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3548.97,"endTime":3552.45,"body":"by special guest Dr. Debra"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3552.45,"endTime":3555.93,"body":"Majeed, who chastised my use of"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3552.45,"endTime":3555.93,"body":"experts-- since expertise comes"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3555.93,"endTime":3558.06,"body":"from everywhere! I can't wait"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3555.93,"endTime":3558.06,"body":"for this."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3558.21,"endTime":3560.85,"body":"Love that. Shout"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3558.21,"endTime":3560.85,"body":"out to our research assistant,"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3560.85,"endTime":3563.25,"body":"Alex Castellano, whose"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3560.85,"endTime":3563.25,"body":"transcription work makes this"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3563.25,"endTime":3566.88,"body":"pod accessible and therefore"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3563.25,"endTime":3566.88,"body":"awesome! And if you need more"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3566.88,"endTime":3569.13,"body":"religion nerderie (and of"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3566.88,"endTime":3569.13,"body":"course, you do), you know where"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3569.13,"endTime":3571.29,"body":"to find us! Twitter. The answer"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3569.13,"endTime":3571.29,"body":"is Twitter."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3571.47,"endTime":3572.85,"body":"You"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3571.47,"endTime":3572.85,"body":"can find Megan on Twitter"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3572.88,"endTime":3579.24,"body":"@mpgPhD, and me, I'm Ilyse,"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3572.88,"endTime":3579.24,"body":"@ProfIRMF, and the show"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3580.11,"endTime":3584.85,"body":"@KeepingIt_101. Find the website"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3580.11,"endTime":3584.85,"body":"at keepingit101.com. Peep the"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3584.85,"endTime":3589.08,"body":"Insta. Drop us a rating or"},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3584.85,"endTime":3589.08,"body":"review and become nerd royalty."},{"speaker":"Ilyse Morgenstein Fuerst","startTime":3589.2,"endTime":3591.21,"body":"With that, peace out nerds!"},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3591.42,"endTime":3593.28,"body":"Do your homework."},{"speaker":"Megan Goodwin","startTime":3591.42,"endTime":3593.28,"body":"It's on the syllabus!"},{"speaker":"Bonus Ending","startTime":3616.64,"endTime":3619.28,"body":"*\"Bashir With the"},{"speaker":"Bonus Ending","startTime":3616.64,"endTime":3619.28,"body":"Good Beard\" from \"We Are Lady"},{"speaker":"Bonus Ending","startTime":3619.28,"endTime":3619.43,"body":"Parts\"*"}]}