{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":3.63,"endTime":6.18,"body":"Welcome to the upper"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":3.63,"endTime":6.18,"body":"hand podcast where Chuck and"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":6.18,"endTime":9.72,"body":"Chris talk Hand Surgery. We are"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":6.18,"endTime":9.72,"body":"two hand surgeons at Washington"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":9.72,"endTime":12.33,"body":"University in St. Louis here to"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":9.72,"endTime":12.33,"body":"talk about all things hand"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":12.33,"endTime":16.41,"body":"surgery related from technical"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":12.33,"endTime":16.41,"body":"to personal. Please subscribe,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":16.5,"endTime":20.25,"body":"wherever you get your podcasts."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":16.5,"endTime":20.25,"body":"And thank you in advance for"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":20.25,"endTime":22.89,"body":"leaving a review and leaving a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":20.25,"endTime":22.89,"body":"rating wherever you get your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":22.89,"endTime":23.55,"body":"podcasts."},{"speaker":"Charles A. Goldfarb","startTime":23.0,"endTime":25.64,"body":"Oh, hey"},{"speaker":"Charles A. Goldfarb","startTime":23.0,"endTime":25.64,"body":"Chris."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":26.19,"endTime":29.28,"body":"Hey, Chuck, how are"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":26.19,"endTime":29.28,"body":"you? I'm doing well on this fine"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":29.28,"endTime":32.97,"body":"Sunday morning. How are you?"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":29.28,"endTime":32.97,"body":"It's fine. It's a rainy rainy"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":32.97,"endTime":37.08,"body":"Sunday in St. Louis. I did not"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":32.97,"endTime":37.08,"body":"look at the weather when I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":37.08,"endTime":40.32,"body":"planned out what I was going to"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":37.08,"endTime":40.32,"body":"cook today. So I'm hoping the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":40.35,"endTime":42.84,"body":"weather gods allow me to get on"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":40.35,"endTime":42.84,"body":"my grill today. Because"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":42.84,"endTime":46.68,"body":"otherwise it'll I'll just have"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":42.84,"endTime":46.68,"body":"to make some adjustments. Always"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":46.68,"endTime":50.28,"body":"thinking about food. I know how"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":46.68,"endTime":50.28,"body":"it works. What, what other food"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":50.28,"endTime":53.31,"body":"items have been of interest to"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":50.28,"endTime":53.31,"body":"you lately? Well, so"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":53.34,"endTime":56.67,"body":"interestingly enough, my wife"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":53.34,"endTime":56.67,"body":"and I went out on a date let"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":56.7,"endTime":60.33,"body":"date night last night and I will"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":56.7,"endTime":60.33,"body":"say I was not satisfied with the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":60.33,"endTime":63.03,"body":"dessert that I had at the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":60.33,"endTime":63.03,"body":"restaurant. It was some"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":63.06,"endTime":67.02,"body":"abomination of Tressler Chase."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":63.06,"endTime":67.02,"body":"And my wife told me I was"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":67.02,"endTime":69.03,"body":"throwing a fit. She literally"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":67.02,"endTime":69.03,"body":"said you're throwing a fit, you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":69.03,"endTime":71.4,"body":"need to stop. And I was like,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":69.03,"endTime":71.4,"body":"this is not true. Delicious."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":71.91,"endTime":75.27,"body":"It's not so true. Like it was it"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":71.91,"endTime":75.27,"body":"was awful. So then I was like,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":75.27,"endTime":79.65,"body":"We need to get dessert somewhere"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":75.27,"endTime":79.65,"body":"else. So we went to one of our"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":79.65,"endTime":82.8,"body":"favorite ice cream shops a local"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":79.65,"endTime":82.8,"body":"place in St. Louis called"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":82.8,"endTime":86.31,"body":"Clementines Creamery, which I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":82.8,"endTime":86.31,"body":"remember when they first opened"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":86.31,"endTime":88.62,"body":"in a different location. And we"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":86.31,"endTime":88.62,"body":"went there the first time they"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":88.62,"endTime":91.38,"body":"opened and they just opened so"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":88.62,"endTime":91.38,"body":"they were literally serving into"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":91.38,"endTime":95.82,"body":"like these like paper bowls you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":91.38,"endTime":95.82,"body":"would get at Costco. And the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":95.82,"endTime":98.58,"body":"smallest little scoops you've"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":95.82,"endTime":98.58,"body":"ever seen it was $8. So they've"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":98.58,"endTime":101.01,"body":"adjusted their bottle, they're"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":98.58,"endTime":101.01,"body":"flourishing now they've got a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":101.01,"endTime":105.39,"body":"nice shop in the demand region"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":101.01,"endTime":105.39,"body":"of Clayton, and incredibly busy"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":105.39,"endTime":108.0,"body":"on a Saturday night. I think I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":105.39,"endTime":108.0,"body":"was like 930 or 10. By the time"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":108.0,"endTime":112.44,"body":"we got their line out the door,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":108.0,"endTime":112.44,"body":"and we're in the line, and we're"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":112.44,"endTime":115.35,"body":"ordering our ice cream. And I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":112.44,"endTime":115.35,"body":"looked at Tiffany I was like"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":115.41,"endTime":119.01,"body":"that. That looks a little bit"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":115.41,"endTime":119.01,"body":"like Kylie Goldfarb. She had a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":119.01,"endTime":122.28,"body":"mask on and everything. I was"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":119.01,"endTime":122.28,"body":"like, no, no, there's no way. So"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":122.28,"endTime":125.76,"body":"I get my order my ice cream and"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":122.28,"endTime":125.76,"body":"everything. And then this very"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":125.76,"endTime":129.75,"body":"kind young woman has my ice"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":125.76,"endTime":129.75,"body":"cream and says, Dr. Dy, right? I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":129.75,"endTime":132.6,"body":"was like, oh god, is this a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":129.75,"endTime":132.6,"body":"patient? She's like,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":134.01,"endTime":137.52,"body":"She means like, Kylie Goldfarb"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":134.01,"endTime":137.52,"body":"was like no way I just told I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":137.52,"endTime":139.74,"body":"just told my wife that I thought"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":137.52,"endTime":139.74,"body":"that was you. So then obviously"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":139.74,"endTime":141.63,"body":"we snapped a selfie and sent it"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":139.74,"endTime":141.63,"body":"to you, Chuck."},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":142.68,"endTime":145.59,"body":"I love it. You"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":142.68,"endTime":145.59,"body":"know, I tried to get my kids"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":146.25,"endTime":146.97,"body":"employed."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":147.99,"endTime":150.9,"body":"And Kylie has worked"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":147.99,"endTime":150.9,"body":"as your second summer working at"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":150.9,"endTime":155.67,"body":"clementines, which really is a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":150.9,"endTime":155.67,"body":"remarkable institution that you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":155.67,"endTime":159.72,"body":"know, is really growing by leaps"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":155.67,"endTime":159.72,"body":"and bounds. Couple other fun"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":159.72,"endTime":164.61,"body":"facts one Kylie may make more"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":159.72,"endTime":164.61,"body":"money than you or I make. It is"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":164.64,"endTime":168.96,"body":"unbelievable how well they do"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":164.64,"endTime":168.96,"body":"there. And to the date of"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":168.96,"endTime":172.68,"body":"recording, which is July 17. Is"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":168.96,"endTime":172.68,"body":"National Ice Cream day. So Kylie"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":172.68,"endTime":176.31,"body":"is working again today because"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":172.68,"endTime":176.31,"body":"they're expecting a surge of"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":176.31,"endTime":177.06,"body":"visitors."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":177.3,"endTime":180.42,"body":"That's fantastic. Well, you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":177.3,"endTime":180.42,"body":"know, the ice cream is fantastic"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":180.42,"endTime":182.4,"body":"there. They are they one of"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":180.42,"endTime":182.4,"body":"those places that does like the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":182.4,"endTime":186.0,"body":"boozy kind of ice creams too."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":182.4,"endTime":186.0,"body":"But I really want to know is"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":186.06,"endTime":188.46,"body":"what are the take home perks of"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":186.06,"endTime":188.46,"body":"having your daughter work"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":188.49,"endTime":189.3,"body":"clementines?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":190.86,"endTime":193.8,"body":"There are occasionally"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":190.86,"endTime":193.8,"body":"some if we visit, sometimes we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":193.8,"endTime":196.44,"body":"pay a little less but then my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":193.8,"endTime":196.44,"body":"wife says we gotta give him a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":196.44,"endTime":201.3,"body":"bigger tip. And sometimes she'll"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":196.44,"endTime":201.3,"body":"bring something home for so you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":201.3,"endTime":204.18,"body":"know, she's getting stronger"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":201.3,"endTime":204.18,"body":"scooping ice cream all day is no"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":204.18,"endTime":207.06,"body":"easy to ask. Yeah, it detects"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":204.18,"endTime":207.06,"body":"the last night saying there was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":207.06,"endTime":211.71,"body":"no other side risk paint going"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":207.06,"endTime":211.71,"body":"on at that. At that Creamery. I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":211.71,"endTime":214.08,"body":"will say you know, it's it must"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":211.71,"endTime":214.08,"body":"be a nice discount because I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":214.08,"endTime":218.64,"body":"mean, the pilots are like $18"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":214.08,"endTime":218.64,"body":"apiece, something crazy little"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":218.64,"endTime":222.72,"body":"inflated, but if they're doing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":218.64,"endTime":222.72,"body":"something right, speaking of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":222.72,"endTime":226.56,"body":"doing something, right, we have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":222.72,"endTime":226.56,"body":"a special guest today and I will"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":226.56,"endTime":229.35,"body":"give a very brief introduction"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":226.56,"endTime":229.35,"body":"because if I gave a long"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":229.35,"endTime":233.04,"body":"introduction, that would be the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":229.35,"endTime":233.04,"body":"podcast. But we are lucky to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":233.04,"endTime":236.85,"body":"have Farsh Guilak joining us"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":233.04,"endTime":236.85,"body":"today. That will be a name that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":236.85,"endTime":241.2,"body":"is not familiar to many of our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":236.85,"endTime":241.2,"body":"listeners. But we are excited"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":241.2,"endTime":244.2,"body":"that Farsh is with us. He is the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":241.2,"endTime":244.2,"body":"Mildred Simon professor of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":244.2,"endTime":248.1,"body":"orthopedic surgery. He is also"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":244.2,"endTime":248.1,"body":"the director of research at the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":248.1,"endTime":252.93,"body":"Shriners Hospital and he is a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":248.1,"endTime":252.93,"body":"basic scientist who is doing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":252.93,"endTime":258.63,"body":"really interesting work is an"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":252.93,"endTime":258.63,"body":"influencer as a podcaster or at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":258.63,"endTime":262.53,"body":"least a guest on podcast and so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":258.63,"endTime":262.53,"body":"I'm so happy to welcome farsh to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":262.53,"endTime":263.46,"body":"our show."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":264.63,"endTime":267.33,"body":"So thank you so much for having"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":264.63,"endTime":267.33,"body":"me. It's very very exciting to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":267.33,"endTime":270.36,"body":"be here and I loved hearing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":267.33,"endTime":270.36,"body":"about the ice cream like my wife"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":270.36,"endTime":274.35,"body":"came from an ice cream family or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":270.36,"endTime":274.35,"body":"her parents ran a series of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":274.35,"endTime":278.52,"body":"Carvel stores in New York so we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":274.35,"endTime":278.52,"body":"had the real in especially our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":278.67,"endTime":282.27,"body":"our kids, their grandkids had"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":278.67,"endTime":282.27,"body":"the run of the store whenever we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":282.27,"endTime":282.81,"body":"went there."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":283.92,"endTime":287.22,"body":"Ice cream is very important. I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":283.92,"endTime":287.22,"body":"do love a Carvel cake man. I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":287.46,"endTime":289.86,"body":"not gonna lie. That is one of my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":287.46,"endTime":289.86,"body":"favorite things in the whole"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":289.86,"endTime":292.8,"body":"world. I have not had one. Well"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":289.86,"endTime":292.8,"body":"cookie crumbles situation on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":292.8,"endTime":294.06,"body":"there. So good, so good."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":294.93,"endTime":297.3,"body":"So Farsch, she has a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":294.93,"endTime":297.3,"body":"lot to share with us and we're"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":297.3,"endTime":300.3,"body":"gonna do a little background"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":297.3,"endTime":300.3,"body":"conversation and then we'll jump"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":300.3,"endTime":303.45,"body":"into some interesting things."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":300.3,"endTime":303.45,"body":"And I think for for any hand"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":303.45,"endTime":306.84,"body":"surgeons or trainees or"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":303.45,"endTime":306.84,"body":"therapists who are wondering, do"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":306.84,"endTime":310.26,"body":"I really want to continue? I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":306.84,"endTime":310.26,"body":"think you do, I think you will"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":310.26,"endTime":315.0,"body":"learn something interesting. And"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":310.26,"endTime":315.0,"body":"maybe take away some pearls that"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":315.33,"endTime":319.89,"body":"impact your daily life. So stay"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":315.33,"endTime":319.89,"body":"with us. And Farsh, so I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":319.87,"endTime":322.75,"body":"let me tell you, let me tell you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":319.87,"endTime":322.75,"body":"one reason to listen. This is"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":322.78,"endTime":327.19,"body":"this man, or one of his many,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":322.78,"endTime":327.19,"body":"many mentees slash disciples,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":327.28,"endTime":330.7,"body":"they're going to cure arthritis."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":327.28,"endTime":330.7,"body":"And it's going to be crazy. And"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":330.7,"endTime":332.65,"body":"we're going to put a lot of our"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":330.7,"endTime":332.65,"body":"arthroplasty colleagues out of"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":332.65,"endTime":335.5,"body":"business, and they're gonna be"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":332.65,"endTime":335.5,"body":"really sad. But everybody's"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":335.5,"endTime":337.69,"body":"gonna be really happy that first"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":335.5,"endTime":337.69,"body":"one is team have cured"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":337.69,"endTime":339.46,"body":"arthritis. So that is your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":337.69,"endTime":339.46,"body":"teaser. And the other one, I'll"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":339.46,"endTime":342.7,"body":"say, and we'll get to this is"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":339.46,"endTime":342.7,"body":"that he has won the Kappa Delta"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":342.7,"endTime":347.2,"body":"award from the Academy slash ORS"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":342.7,"endTime":347.2,"body":"three times. That's like winning"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":347.23,"endTime":351.85,"body":"the WWF Championship three times"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":347.23,"endTime":351.85,"body":"like 10 years apart. It's like"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":351.85,"endTime":355.18,"body":"the Michael Phelps of orthopedic"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":351.85,"endTime":355.18,"body":"research. So this, this is an"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":355.18,"endTime":359.14,"body":"amazing, amazing researcher. And"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":355.18,"endTime":359.14,"body":"most I mean, honestly, I had the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":359.14,"endTime":361.3,"body":"most fun getting to know him"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":359.14,"endTime":361.3,"body":"during residency interviews a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":361.3,"endTime":363.97,"body":"few years ago, that was an"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":361.3,"endTime":363.97,"body":"incredible day. And we spent the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":363.97,"endTime":366.79,"body":"day together in my office and"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":363.97,"endTime":366.79,"body":"just interviewing people. And"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":366.85,"endTime":369.76,"body":"that was some of the most fun"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":366.85,"endTime":369.76,"body":"I've had doing that. That's one"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":369.76,"endTime":371.44,"body":"of the reasons why it's so nice"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":369.76,"endTime":371.44,"body":"to interview with your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":371.44,"endTime":374.35,"body":"colleagues who you would not"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":371.44,"endTime":374.35,"body":"have otherwise met so far. Thank"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":374.35,"endTime":377.53,"body":"you for joining us. I'm excited"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":374.35,"endTime":377.53,"body":"to hear about your journey and"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":377.8,"endTime":379.24,"body":"what you can share with our"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":377.8,"endTime":379.24,"body":"audience."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":379.69,"endTime":380.5,"body":"Oh, absolutely."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":381.13,"endTime":385.51,"body":"So I have to, you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":381.13,"endTime":385.51,"body":"know, we try to share a little"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":385.51,"endTime":390.52,"body":"bit about ourselves as far as we"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":385.51,"endTime":390.52,"body":"do this podcast, and I'm a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":390.52,"endTime":393.13,"body":"basketball lover. I don't know"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":390.52,"endTime":393.13,"body":"if you love basketball. I know"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":393.13,"endTime":394.6,"body":"you're an accomplished"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":393.13,"endTime":394.6,"body":"racquetball player. And"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":394.6,"endTime":397.09,"body":"hopefully we'll get to that. But"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":394.6,"endTime":397.09,"body":"as Chris was talking about your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":397.12,"endTime":400.84,"body":"three kappa deltas, all I could"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":397.12,"endTime":400.84,"body":"see was Steph Curry playing"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":400.84,"endTime":404.77,"body":"basketball. When he hits a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":400.84,"endTime":404.77,"body":"three, he does the 123. So I'm"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":404.77,"endTime":407.38,"body":"thinking about that. I'm not"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":404.77,"endTime":407.38,"body":"sure you're doing that at home."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":407.38,"endTime":409.33,"body":"But I like the visual."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":410.7,"endTime":414.57,"body":"No, no, I haven't done"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":410.7,"endTime":414.57,"body":"that. They're spaced far enough"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":414.57,"endTime":416.07,"body":"apart that it wasn't even"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":414.57,"endTime":416.07,"body":"thinking about."},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":417.45,"endTime":419.85,"body":"All right, so"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":417.45,"endTime":419.85,"body":"let's do some quick background"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":419.85,"endTime":423.15,"body":"work. So did you grow up in New"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":419.85,"endTime":423.15,"body":"York, you you went to RPI,"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":423.33,"endTime":426.33,"body":"Rensselaer Polytechnic"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":423.33,"endTime":426.33,"body":"Institute, which I know well,"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":426.36,"endTime":428.1,"body":"but you know, some may not."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":429.13,"endTime":432.58,"body":"I grew up in Houston,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":429.13,"endTime":432.58,"body":"Texas. So I was actually born in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":432.61,"endTime":437.44,"body":"Iran. My parents were both"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":432.61,"endTime":437.44,"body":"physicians. And they ended up"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":437.59,"endTime":442.93,"body":"moving in 1970, to Houston, to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":437.59,"endTime":442.93,"body":"work at Baylor. And they soon"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":442.93,"endTime":446.11,"body":"went into private practice after"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":442.93,"endTime":446.11,"body":"that there were physicians who"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":446.11,"endTime":448.57,"body":"wanted to be scientists, but the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":446.11,"endTime":448.57,"body":"opportunities weren't quite"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":448.6,"endTime":453.79,"body":"there. So I grew up in Houston."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":448.6,"endTime":453.79,"body":"And then I went off to upstate"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":453.79,"endTime":457.57,"body":"New York about 100 degree"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":453.79,"endTime":457.57,"body":"temperature difference, and then"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":457.57,"endTime":459.79,"body":"to Columbia after that."},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":461.16,"endTime":465.36,"body":"And what was"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":461.16,"endTime":465.36,"body":"it your parents who sort of set"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":465.36,"endTime":470.37,"body":"you on the path of science and"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":465.36,"endTime":470.37,"body":"discovery? Or was that something"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":470.37,"endTime":472.77,"body":"you picked up on your own along"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":470.37,"endTime":472.77,"body":"the way? Or did you have"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":472.77,"endTime":475.26,"body":"influential mentors at RPI, or"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":472.77,"endTime":475.26,"body":"Columbia?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":476.56,"endTime":480.1,"body":"I think all of those"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":476.56,"endTime":480.1,"body":"and, you know, for all of us who"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":480.1,"endTime":484.03,"body":"are either in science or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":480.1,"endTime":484.03,"body":"medicine, you're just born with"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":484.03,"endTime":487.57,"body":"it. And you know, we I think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":484.03,"endTime":487.57,"body":"both my brother who's my older"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":487.57,"endTime":490.12,"body":"brother was an engineer, and I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":487.57,"endTime":490.12,"body":"knew we were gonna be science or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":490.12,"endTime":494.5,"body":"medicine, people growing up, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":490.12,"endTime":494.5,"body":"I was, of course, surrounded by"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":494.56,"endTime":496.81,"body":"medicine, and I worked in my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":494.56,"endTime":496.81,"body":"parents offices, and I was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":496.81,"endTime":501.46,"body":"headed to the medical track, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":496.81,"endTime":501.46,"body":"I was actually pre med, get all"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":501.46,"endTime":506.38,"body":"the classes took the MCAT. 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So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":530.71,"endTime":534.91,"body":"my mentors, of course, were my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":530.71,"endTime":534.91,"body":"parents who were physicians, my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":534.91,"endTime":539.17,"body":"brother, and then so many"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":534.91,"endTime":539.17,"body":"mentors during college and of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":539.17,"endTime":546.46,"body":"course, my PhD mentor, who was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":539.17,"endTime":546.46,"body":"one of the pioneers of cartilage"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":546.46,"endTime":549.16,"body":"and arthritis research van Mal"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":546.46,"endTime":549.16,"body":"was his name, but he's focused"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":549.16,"endTime":554.65,"body":"on cartilage mechanics and he"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":549.16,"endTime":554.65,"body":"really established the field of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":554.74,"endTime":559.33,"body":"cartilage mechanics and how"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":554.74,"endTime":559.33,"body":"joints work and how how a joint"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":559.33,"endTime":563.47,"body":"can withstand 10 times your body"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":559.33,"endTime":563.47,"body":"weight for, as we know, a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":563.5,"endTime":567.52,"body":"million cycles a year for 80"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":563.5,"endTime":567.52,"body":"years, normally, and then why"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":567.52,"endTime":570.01,"body":"does it break down? So he really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":567.52,"endTime":570.01,"body":"established that field. 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I learned so much about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":592.18,"endTime":596.02,"body":"how to do research. I ended up"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":596.02,"endTime":600.79,"body":"marrying one of them and the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":596.02,"endTime":600.79,"body":"other is our still my best"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":600.79,"endTime":602.26,"body":"friends to stay?"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":602.83,"endTime":605.35,"body":"Yeah, that sounds a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":602.83,"endTime":605.35,"body":"lot like people's reflections on"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":605.35,"endTime":607.75,"body":"their residency classes if their"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":605.35,"endTime":607.75,"body":"residency is retired, or if"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":607.75,"endTime":611.74,"body":"they're in a bigger fellowship,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":607.75,"endTime":611.74,"body":"you know, they're co fellows,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":611.83,"endTime":614.2,"body":"because that resonates with me"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":611.83,"endTime":614.2,"body":"at least I still keep in touch"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":614.2,"endTime":619.06,"body":"with I didn't marry any of them."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":614.2,"endTime":619.06,"body":"So I mean, but we still keep in"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":619.06,"endTime":624.43,"body":"touch. Yeah. So you were Did you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":619.06,"endTime":624.43,"body":"do your graduate work at? At"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":624.43,"endTime":625.12,"body":"Columbia?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":625.57,"endTime":629.02,"body":"Yes. Okay, my PhD"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":625.57,"endTime":629.02,"body":"there. And at that time, there"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":629.02,"endTime":632.92,"body":"was only a Department of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":629.02,"endTime":632.92,"body":"Mechanical Engineering. So the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":632.92,"endTime":635.92,"body":"field of biomedical engineering"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":632.92,"endTime":635.92,"body":"had been founded, but very few"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":635.92,"endTime":639.73,"body":"schools had actual departments."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":635.92,"endTime":639.73,"body":"So my training is actually in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":639.73,"endTime":643.87,"body":"mechanical engineering. And I,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":639.73,"endTime":643.87,"body":"you know, take all the course of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":643.87,"endTime":647.5,"body":"classic mechanical engineering"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":643.87,"endTime":647.5,"body":"courses of heat transfer, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":647.53,"endTime":652.12,"body":"statics and dynamics and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":647.53,"endTime":652.12,"body":"vibrations and take a you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":652.36,"endTime":656.26,"body":"18 hour test on all of those,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":652.36,"endTime":656.26,"body":"and then I went to study"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":656.26,"endTime":659.47,"body":"cartilage. Do you think do you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":656.26,"endTime":659.47,"body":"think that having that broader"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":659.47,"endTime":662.98,"body":"background actually made you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":659.47,"endTime":662.98,"body":"better? And in terms of as if"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":662.98,"endTime":665.98,"body":"you had to be me track now?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":662.98,"endTime":665.98,"body":"Would you have gone through the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":665.98,"endTime":669.4,"body":"BME track? Or would you advise"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":665.98,"endTime":669.4,"body":"your students to go through kind"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":669.4,"endTime":671.32,"body":"of a broader basis?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":672.39,"endTime":674.55,"body":"You know, I think it really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":672.39,"endTime":674.55,"body":"depends on your interests. 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So when you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":692.37,"endTime":694.74,"body":"wonder why are all those"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":692.37,"endTime":694.74,"body":"different topics in one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":694.74,"endTime":698.79,"body":"department? Well, you understand"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":694.74,"endTime":698.79,"body":"how the theoretical basis that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":698.79,"endTime":702.66,"body":"drives, heat transfer and fluid"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":698.79,"endTime":702.66,"body":"flow and solid mechanics and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":702.66,"endTime":705.84,"body":"vibrations, actually all comes"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":702.66,"endTime":705.84,"body":"from the same line of physics."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":706.02,"endTime":711.15,"body":"So it's a it's an amazing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":706.02,"endTime":711.15,"body":"education. I don't know that I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":711.15,"endTime":714.48,"body":"would recommend that to someone"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":711.15,"endTime":714.48,"body":"who now for example, my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":714.48,"endTime":718.08,"body":"students, I have several who are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":714.48,"endTime":718.08,"body":"mechanical engineering students,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":718.17,"endTime":720.42,"body":"a large majority who are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":718.17,"endTime":720.42,"body":"biomedical engineering students,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":720.42,"endTime":724.68,"body":"and then a few who are biology"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":720.42,"endTime":724.68,"body":"students. And it, we can now"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":724.68,"endTime":728.64,"body":"tailor their education to really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":724.68,"endTime":728.64,"body":"what they want to do and say,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":728.64,"endTime":730.5,"body":"Alright, I have mechanical"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":728.64,"endTime":730.5,"body":"engineer. So we really want to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":730.5,"endTime":733.71,"body":"do fundamental mechanics, with a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":730.5,"endTime":733.71,"body":"biological slant. And then I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":733.71,"endTime":737.19,"body":"have other students who are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":733.71,"endTime":737.19,"body":"doing hardcore biology, and use"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":737.19,"endTime":740.76,"body":"an engineering approach, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":737.19,"endTime":740.76,"body":"know that we, as engineers, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":740.76,"endTime":744.54,"body":"look at a problem. And what we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":740.76,"endTime":744.54,"body":"do is sort of like a toaster,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":744.54,"endTime":748.41,"body":"that doesn't work, you take it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":744.54,"endTime":748.41,"body":"apart, figure out how it works,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":748.47,"endTime":751.35,"body":"and then put it back together"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":748.47,"endTime":751.35,"body":"again, and we're trying to do is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":751.38,"endTime":753.54,"body":"do that and put it back"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":751.38,"endTime":753.54,"body":"together, again, better than it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":753.54,"endTime":759.3,"body":"was before. So that type of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":753.54,"endTime":759.3,"body":"education translates into all of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":759.3,"endTime":763.35,"body":"the different departments. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":759.3,"endTime":763.35,"body":"the classes you take and where"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":763.35,"endTime":765.6,"body":"you focus, I think can be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":763.35,"endTime":765.6,"body":"tailored to every student"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":765.63,"endTime":766.2,"body":"differently."},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":767.76,"endTime":769.26,"body":"Yeah, it's"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":767.76,"endTime":769.26,"body":"interesting. I think you're"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":769.26,"endTime":772.26,"body":"ahead of the classic medical"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":769.26,"endTime":772.26,"body":"field, I guess, I would say,"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":772.26,"endTime":776.25,"body":"given our broader based approach"},{"speaker":"Charles Goldfarb","startTime":772.26,"endTime":776.25,"body":"with eventual tapering."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":777.29,"endTime":779.69,"body":"Seems like you guys may"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":777.29,"endTime":779.69,"body":"focus lower there. I don't know."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":779.75,"endTime":779.96,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":779.96,"endTime":781.97,"body":"Well, we have we have"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":779.96,"endTime":781.97,"body":"that debate enhancers. 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Or we know you want to be"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":791.99,"endTime":794.12,"body":"a hand surgeon when we just"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":791.99,"endTime":794.12,"body":"shoot you through after five"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":794.12,"endTime":796.88,"body":"years straight hand surgery"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":794.12,"endTime":796.88,"body":"residency like they do in some"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":796.88,"endTime":800.81,"body":"of the Scandinavian countries?"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":796.88,"endTime":800.81,"body":"So I think that the, you know,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":800.84,"endTime":803.78,"body":"there are pluses and minuses to"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":800.84,"endTime":803.78,"body":"each approach. I do appreciate"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":803.78,"endTime":806.27,"body":"the broader basis of multiple"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":803.78,"endTime":806.27,"body":"disciplines and seeing, like you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":806.27,"endTime":809.18,"body":"said, how a lot of things come"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":806.27,"endTime":809.18,"body":"from the same line of thinking"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":809.18,"endTime":812.18,"body":"eventually. And I think at the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":809.18,"endTime":812.18,"body":"end of the day, you just want to"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":812.18,"endTime":813.17,"body":"teach people how to think."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":815.0,"endTime":818.9,"body":"Exactly, it's more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":815.0,"endTime":818.9,"body":"about teaching, problem solving"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":818.9,"endTime":823.34,"body":"how to think, where to find"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":818.9,"endTime":823.34,"body":"answers on your own, because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":823.37,"endTime":827.18,"body":"many of our students don't go"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":823.37,"endTime":827.18,"body":"into academia, some of them a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":827.18,"endTime":831.71,"body":"few don't go into research. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":827.18,"endTime":831.71,"body":"they may go into a very"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":831.71,"endTime":833.87,"body":"different area where they still"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":831.71,"endTime":833.87,"body":"need to learn how to problem"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":833.87,"endTime":836.42,"body":"solve, but they're not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":833.87,"endTime":836.42,"body":"necessarily working on cartilage"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":836.42,"endTime":839.72,"body":"or arthritis. But they've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":836.42,"endTime":839.72,"body":"learned the process. And that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":839.72,"endTime":841.82,"body":"what the PhD is more about than"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":839.72,"endTime":841.82,"body":"anything else."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":842.69,"endTime":847.76,"body":"Makes sense. So your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":842.69,"endTime":847.76,"body":"first stop, after Columbia, as I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":847.76,"endTime":851.87,"body":"understand it was at Duke"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":847.76,"endTime":851.87,"body":"University, which certainly were"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":851.87,"endTime":854.84,"body":"formative years and important"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":851.87,"endTime":854.84,"body":"years, and I want to get to the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":854.84,"endTime":857.27,"body":"transition to washing"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":854.84,"endTime":857.27,"body":"university. But tell us a little"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":857.27,"endTime":860.21,"body":"bit about Duke. Well, how was"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":857.27,"endTime":860.21,"body":"that impactful for you? And what"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":860.21,"endTime":861.65,"body":"did you accomplish while there?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":863.0,"endTime":866.72,"body":"Well, Duke was a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":863.0,"endTime":866.72,"body":"phenomenal place I, I loved my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":866.72,"endTime":871.13,"body":"collaborators there loved my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":866.72,"endTime":871.13,"body":"students, there was, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":871.28,"endTime":876.83,"body":"really high level of functioning"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":871.28,"endTime":876.83,"body":"and expectation from that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":876.89,"endTime":881.09,"body":"educational side and Duke did"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":876.89,"endTime":881.09,"body":"have one of the oldest, probably"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":881.09,"endTime":883.67,"body":"the number one or number two"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":881.09,"endTime":883.67,"body":"oldest departments of biomedical"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":883.67,"endTime":887.45,"body":"engineering. So that thought"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":883.67,"endTime":887.45,"body":"that establishment that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":887.45,"endTime":890.69,"body":"engineering and medicine should"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":887.45,"endTime":890.69,"body":"be linked was really ingrained"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":890.69,"endTime":894.08,"body":"there, which was one of the main"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":890.69,"endTime":894.08,"body":"reasons we ended up going there."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":895.13,"endTime":900.65,"body":"They're all both both schools"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":895.13,"endTime":900.65,"body":"are on one campus. So Going into"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":900.65,"endTime":904.46,"body":"the engineering school was a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":900.65,"endTime":904.46,"body":"three to five minute walk. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":904.46,"endTime":907.4,"body":"vice versa. So it's students"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":904.46,"endTime":907.4,"body":"going back and forth. That"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":907.4,"endTime":910.04,"body":"environment is really hard to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":907.4,"endTime":910.04,"body":"beat because you get truly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":910.04,"endTime":915.86,"body":"integrated education and, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":910.04,"endTime":915.86,"body":"research. So that was, that was"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":915.86,"endTime":919.88,"body":"the main reason I went there."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":915.86,"endTime":919.88,"body":"And it was really a great"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":920.06,"endTime":924.71,"body":"experience a great place to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":920.06,"endTime":924.71,"body":"start building a career. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":924.71,"endTime":928.73,"body":"that's where I started to move"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":924.71,"endTime":928.73,"body":"my research from what was mostly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":928.73,"endTime":931.25,"body":"cartilage mechanics that I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":928.73,"endTime":931.25,"body":"trained in where I started to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":931.25,"endTime":934.01,"body":"look at the field we call"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":931.25,"endTime":934.01,"body":"mechanical biology, which is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":934.01,"endTime":937.91,"body":"sort of a counterpart of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":934.01,"endTime":937.91,"body":"biomechanics, where it's how do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":937.94,"endTime":942.23,"body":"mechanical factors affect living"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":937.94,"endTime":942.23,"body":"cells? So, you know, we know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":942.23,"endTime":946.07,"body":"that most of the tissues in our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":942.23,"endTime":946.07,"body":"bodies respond to mechanical"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":946.07,"endTime":948.23,"body":"loading. And certainly in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":946.07,"endTime":948.23,"body":"musculoskeletal system, right,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":948.23,"endTime":951.8,"body":"you lose your muscles, they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":948.23,"endTime":951.8,"body":"grow, load your bones, they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":951.8,"endTime":955.01,"body":"grow, if you don't load them,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":951.8,"endTime":955.01,"body":"they atrophy. Well, that happens"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":955.01,"endTime":957.38,"body":"to pretty much every tissue in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":955.01,"endTime":957.38,"body":"your body, and especially in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":957.38,"endTime":960.05,"body":"your cartilage, which was under"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":957.38,"endTime":960.05,"body":"studied, it's just the right"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":960.05,"endTime":962.24,"body":"level of loading. If you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":960.05,"endTime":962.24,"body":"immobilize a joint, the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":962.24,"endTime":965.27,"body":"cartilage atrophies, if you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":962.24,"endTime":965.27,"body":"overload it, you can get"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":965.27,"endTime":968.51,"body":"arthritis and degeneration. So I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":965.27,"endTime":968.51,"body":"started to move into that area,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":968.99,"endTime":974.24,"body":"and really start to dissect"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":968.99,"endTime":974.24,"body":"those pathways to try to figure"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":974.24,"endTime":977.09,"body":"out, how does the cell respond"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":974.24,"endTime":977.09,"body":"to loading? And then how can we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":977.09,"endTime":979.82,"body":"make that a drug target for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":977.09,"endTime":979.82,"body":"arthritis? How can we find"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":979.82,"endTime":983.93,"body":"pharmaceutical drugs that can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":979.82,"endTime":983.93,"body":"manipulate whether your cells"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":983.93,"endTime":987.41,"body":"are being loaded or not. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":983.93,"endTime":987.41,"body":"then the other area we moved in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":987.41,"endTime":990.8,"body":"a little bit later was the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":987.41,"endTime":990.8,"body":"burgeoning field of, of course,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":990.83,"endTime":995.09,"body":"stem cells. And this new field"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":990.83,"endTime":995.09,"body":"that had just formed called"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":995.09,"endTime":998.03,"body":"tissue engineering, which is not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":995.09,"endTime":998.03,"body":"so new anymore, but the concept"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":998.03,"endTime":1002.23,"body":"that we can take some cells and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":998.03,"endTime":1002.23,"body":"some biomaterials and in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1002.23,"endTime":1006.43,"body":"right environment outside the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1002.23,"endTime":1006.43,"body":"body, we can regrow tissues. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1006.43,"endTime":1010.81,"body":"we had all these ideas on how we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1006.43,"endTime":1010.81,"body":"were going to rebuild cartilage"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1010.87,"endTime":1015.82,"body":"and replace it and grow it in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1010.87,"endTime":1015.82,"body":"the lab, starting about 15 years"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1015.82,"endTime":1019.84,"body":"ago. And I'm very excited to say"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1015.82,"endTime":1019.84,"body":"that we are hopefully starting"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1019.84,"endTime":1023.68,"body":"the clinical trials for that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1019.84,"endTime":1023.68,"body":"project, with Dr. Clohessy here"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1023.74,"endTime":1030.73,"body":"at Wash U this year. So it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1023.74,"endTime":1030.73,"body":"been a long haul. But that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1030.73,"endTime":1033.58,"body":"where those ideas started. And,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1030.73,"endTime":1033.58,"body":"and were seated."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1034.42,"endTime":1036.19,"body":"That's, that's"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1034.42,"endTime":1036.19,"body":"amazing. And, you know,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1036.19,"endTime":1039.64,"body":"congratulations on taking that"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1036.19,"endTime":1039.64,"body":"from literally bench to bedside"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1039.64,"endTime":1043.72,"body":"and from idea to reality. That's"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1039.64,"endTime":1043.72,"body":"super exciting. And one of the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1043.72,"endTime":1047.53,"body":"things I've always admired about"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1043.72,"endTime":1047.53,"body":"you is that you have a body of"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1047.53,"endTime":1049.66,"body":"work, and you've had multiple"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1047.53,"endTime":1049.66,"body":"bodies of work, and they've"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1049.66,"endTime":1052.78,"body":"evolved over time. And one of"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1049.66,"endTime":1052.78,"body":"the things that I think the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1052.78,"endTime":1055.42,"body":"people listening that are in"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1052.78,"endTime":1055.42,"body":"training right now and may have"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1055.45,"endTime":1058.78,"body":"an interest in academic careers"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1055.45,"endTime":1058.78,"body":"is, how do you plan something"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1058.78,"endTime":1061.27,"body":"out like that? Like, do you just"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1058.78,"endTime":1061.27,"body":"have like this huge idea, and"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1061.27,"endTime":1063.55,"body":"then you eventually build"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1061.27,"endTime":1063.55,"body":"towards it? And how do you kind"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1063.55,"endTime":1065.92,"body":"of roll with the punches along"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1063.55,"endTime":1065.92,"body":"the way, when the experiments"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1065.92,"endTime":1068.62,"body":"don't shake out the way you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1065.92,"endTime":1068.62,"body":"expect them to? Or your funding"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1068.62,"endTime":1070.84,"body":"gets pulled? Or you don't get"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1068.62,"endTime":1070.84,"body":"the grant you're expecting? And"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1070.84,"endTime":1074.17,"body":"you know, how do you keep the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1070.84,"endTime":1074.17,"body":"big picture in mind without, you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1074.17,"endTime":1075.46,"body":"know, being overwhelmed by it?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1076.57,"endTime":1081.94,"body":"You know, Chris, that's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1076.57,"endTime":1081.94,"body":"a great question. And in a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1082.24,"endTime":1083.89,"body":"probably the healthiest way I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1082.24,"endTime":1083.89,"body":"could say there's probably an"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1083.89,"endTime":1087.55,"body":"obsession, once I started"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1083.89,"endTime":1087.55,"body":"working on this problem. And I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1087.55,"endTime":1090.34,"body":"still working on the same"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1087.55,"endTime":1090.34,"body":"problem in the big picture that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1090.34,"endTime":1094.21,"body":"I was working on in graduate"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1090.34,"endTime":1094.21,"body":"school, that it's so complex, it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1094.21,"endTime":1097.09,"body":"sounds so simple, like how does"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1094.21,"endTime":1097.09,"body":"this you know tissue in your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1097.09,"endTime":1101.5,"body":"body work this cartilage? How do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1097.09,"endTime":1101.5,"body":"you joints work? And then 30"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1101.5,"endTime":1104.29,"body":"something years later, I still"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1101.5,"endTime":1104.29,"body":"can't let go of the problem. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1104.29,"endTime":1107.47,"body":"it's complex enough that I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1104.29,"endTime":1107.47,"body":"haven't been able to actually"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1107.47,"endTime":1110.53,"body":"solve it or answer it. And no,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1107.47,"endTime":1110.53,"body":"hopefield hasn't. It's not just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1110.53,"endTime":1115.39,"body":"me, it's just a really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1110.53,"endTime":1115.39,"body":"interesting problem. So in one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1115.39,"endTime":1120.82,"body":"sense, yes, is, you know, I know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1115.39,"endTime":1120.82,"body":"what we wanted to solve for the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1120.82,"endTime":1126.22,"body":"last 30 years. But it's, it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1120.82,"endTime":1126.22,"body":"like a sawtooth that you have a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1126.31,"endTime":1128.71,"body":"an advance, but most of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1126.31,"endTime":1128.71,"body":"time, you're just doing little"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1128.74,"endTime":1132.58,"body":"incremental work. And it's like"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1128.74,"endTime":1132.58,"body":"queueing, it is the Structure of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1132.58,"endTime":1136.75,"body":"Scientific Revolutions, most of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1132.58,"endTime":1136.75,"body":"what we do is, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1136.78,"endTime":1139.51,"body":"incremental in a good way, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1136.78,"endTime":1139.51,"body":"just gotta move the field"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1139.51,"endTime":1141.94,"body":"forward, you got to dot the i's,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1139.51,"endTime":1141.94,"body":"cross the T's. And then once in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1141.94,"endTime":1147.07,"body":"a while, you either have an idea"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1141.94,"endTime":1147.07,"body":"that comes together, or, or an"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1147.07,"endTime":1152.17,"body":"association or a new technology,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1147.07,"endTime":1152.17,"body":"oftentimes, and you get the jump"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1152.17,"endTime":1155.11,"body":"in the sawtooth, and you move"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1152.17,"endTime":1155.11,"body":"things forward. And of course,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1155.11,"endTime":1158.56,"body":"there's lots of moving"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1155.11,"endTime":1158.56,"body":"backwards, too. And, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1158.56,"endTime":1161.47,"body":"experiments, if every experiment"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1158.56,"endTime":1161.47,"body":"work, then you're wasting your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1161.47,"endTime":1164.5,"body":"time because you already know"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1161.47,"endTime":1164.5,"body":"the answer. So you know, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1164.5,"endTime":1168.91,"body":"want to get the majority of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1164.5,"endTime":1168.91,"body":"work, but that's the fun part is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1168.91,"endTime":1175.33,"body":"doing things that are risky. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1168.91,"endTime":1175.33,"body":"you de risk them by putting a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1175.33,"endTime":1177.7,"body":"lot of thought into it and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1175.33,"endTime":1177.7,"body":"saying, Alright, I can see the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1177.7,"endTime":1180.85,"body":"path. This should work."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1177.7,"endTime":1180.85,"body":"Everything I've read tells me"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1180.85,"endTime":1183.13,"body":"this should work, but we don't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1180.85,"endTime":1183.13,"body":"know the answer. So we've got to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1183.13,"endTime":1186.85,"body":"do it and test it. And I'd say"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1183.13,"endTime":1186.85,"body":"four out of five times we get"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1186.85,"endTime":1192.04,"body":"close. Sometimes it's just a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1186.85,"endTime":1192.04,"body":"failure. And that's okay. That's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1192.04,"endTime":1193.9,"body":"how we learn and retool."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1194.32,"endTime":1198.16,"body":"So we talk about this"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1194.32,"endTime":1198.16,"body":"you know, when you're learning"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1198.19,"endTime":1201.94,"body":"when something doesn't go right"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1198.19,"endTime":1201.94,"body":"not obsessing about adverse"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1201.94,"endTime":1205.0,"body":"outcomes, but yet, you know,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1201.94,"endTime":1205.0,"body":"helping yourself and future"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1205.0,"endTime":1209.2,"body":"patients move forward. Talk a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1205.0,"endTime":1209.2,"body":"little about that process, major"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1209.2,"endTime":1211.15,"body":"failures, minor failures, how do"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1209.2,"endTime":1211.15,"body":"they help you?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1212.89,"endTime":1216.85,"body":"That is one of the most"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1212.89,"endTime":1216.85,"body":"important topics in science and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1216.85,"endTime":1221.23,"body":"in research right now. And the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1216.85,"endTime":1221.23,"body":"reason for that is, we're just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1221.23,"endTime":1226.6,"body":"set up for failure. So our grant"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1221.23,"endTime":1226.6,"body":"funding rate nominally is 10%."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1226.78,"endTime":1230.71,"body":"So that means the average"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1226.78,"endTime":1230.71,"body":"person, you have to submit 10"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1230.71,"endTime":1235.18,"body":"grants to get one. High level"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1230.71,"endTime":1235.18,"body":"journal publications can be 5%."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1236.05,"endTime":1239.89,"body":"Acceptance, to the solid"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1236.05,"endTime":1239.89,"body":"journals that are 25 to 30%"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1241.69,"endTime":1244.33,"body":"experiments. And as I said, a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1241.69,"endTime":1244.33,"body":"lot of them just fail. So maybe"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1244.33,"endTime":1247.3,"body":"the project, four out of five"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1244.33,"endTime":1247.3,"body":"sample work in the end the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1247.3,"endTime":1251.62,"body":"experiments half the time, they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1247.3,"endTime":1251.62,"body":"don't work. So I, I have thought"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1251.62,"endTime":1254.83,"body":"about this a lot, because we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1251.62,"endTime":1254.83,"body":"have this younger generation."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1255.22,"endTime":1259.42,"body":"And I thought, how do you how do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1255.22,"endTime":1259.42,"body":"we teach resilience? Because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1259.42,"endTime":1263.32,"body":"that's what it really takes to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1259.42,"endTime":1263.32,"body":"understand that failure is not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1263.35,"endTime":1265.84,"body":"stop failure in the bad sense of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1263.35,"endTime":1265.84,"body":"the word. It's just part of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1265.84,"endTime":1269.35,"body":"process. And if you adjust"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1265.84,"endTime":1269.35,"body":"yourself and say, Okay, I've got"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1269.35,"endTime":1273.43,"body":"to do this 10 times before I get"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1269.35,"endTime":1273.43,"body":"to work once, then it's very"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1273.43,"endTime":1276.16,"body":"different than, Oh, I failed"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1273.43,"endTime":1276.16,"body":"nine times in a row, should I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1276.16,"endTime":1281.5,"body":"quit now? So what we learn is,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1276.16,"endTime":1281.5,"body":"you know, you got to figure out"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1281.5,"endTime":1286.15,"body":"why did things fail? And take"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1281.5,"endTime":1286.15,"body":"responsibility? You know, if you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1286.15,"endTime":1288.22,"body":"don't get a grant funded or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1286.15,"endTime":1288.22,"body":"paper funded, I said, what did"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1288.22,"endTime":1291.73,"body":"we do wrong? You can't say, oh,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1288.22,"endTime":1291.73,"body":"that that reviewer was awful."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1291.73,"endTime":1294.91,"body":"They didn't, didn't understand"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1291.73,"endTime":1294.91,"body":"this, you have to say, we didn't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1294.91,"endTime":1299.68,"body":"explain it properly, as much as"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1294.91,"endTime":1299.68,"body":"it hurts. We know we were right."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1299.68,"endTime":1303.4,"body":"But we still have to suck it up"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1299.68,"endTime":1303.4,"body":"and say, Okay, do better,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1303.43,"endTime":1306.79,"body":"explain things better design"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1303.43,"endTime":1306.79,"body":"that experiment better, be more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1306.79,"endTime":1310.51,"body":"careful. And that's just the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1306.79,"endTime":1310.51,"body":"process. And I think once you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1310.51,"endTime":1313.39,"body":"accept that, but it's just,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1310.51,"endTime":1313.39,"body":"those are the odds, you've got"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1313.39,"endTime":1316.54,"body":"to play the odds, you got to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1313.39,"endTime":1316.54,"body":"play the game, and go back and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1316.54,"endTime":1319.99,"body":"don't quit. And we see time and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1316.54,"endTime":1319.99,"body":"time again, in our field. That"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1319.99,"endTime":1323.86,"body":"success comes from resilience."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1319.99,"endTime":1323.86,"body":"Everybody around us is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1323.86,"endTime":1327.76,"body":"brilliant. Everybody around us"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1323.86,"endTime":1327.76,"body":"has got the perfect scores on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1327.76,"endTime":1332.23,"body":"the board scores and the grades,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1327.76,"endTime":1332.23,"body":"and everybody works hard. So who"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1332.23,"endTime":1335.83,"body":"sticks with it? They're the ones"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1332.23,"endTime":1335.83,"body":"who get the the answers"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1335.83,"endTime":1339.94,"body":"oftentimes. And that goes back"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1335.83,"endTime":1339.94,"body":"to my obsession. It's stuck with"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1339.94,"endTime":1344.2,"body":"this for 30 years. And keep keep"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1339.94,"endTime":1344.2,"body":"going at it and answer one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1344.2,"endTime":1345.49,"body":"little question time."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1345.79,"endTime":1347.62,"body":"I know Chris is going"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1345.79,"endTime":1347.62,"body":"to question and jump in. Sorry,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1347.62,"endTime":1352.3,"body":"Chris. Just a very quick follow"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1347.62,"endTime":1352.3,"body":"up. Are you intentional in how"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1352.3,"endTime":1358.81,"body":"you teach that concept to your,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1352.3,"endTime":1358.81,"body":"your team? And your mentees? Or"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1358.81,"endTime":1362.08,"body":"is it modeling? Or is it is it"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1358.81,"endTime":1362.08,"body":"both?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1363.26,"endTime":1367.79,"body":"It's I'm evolving a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1363.26,"endTime":1367.79,"body":"method to teach it intentionally"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1367.79,"endTime":1371.81,"body":"because it's not an easy thing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1367.79,"endTime":1371.81,"body":"to teach. Right. But a lot of it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1371.81,"endTime":1376.55,"body":"is discussion. So we have. So we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1371.81,"endTime":1376.55,"body":"have a weekly lab meeting, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1376.55,"endTime":1379.34,"body":"know, if 30 People in the lab"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1376.55,"endTime":1379.34,"body":"and one person presents in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1379.34,"endTime":1382.61,"body":"detail, a second person keeps a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1379.34,"endTime":1382.61,"body":"short talk on something they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1382.61,"endTime":1387.2,"body":"learned. And then every couple"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1382.61,"endTime":1387.2,"body":"of months, we talk about some"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1387.23,"endTime":1391.07,"body":"big picture item like this, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1387.23,"endTime":1391.07,"body":"there's so much going on in our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1391.1,"endTime":1393.89,"body":"in, you know, in our careers in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1391.1,"endTime":1393.89,"body":"our world that we have to talk"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1393.89,"endTime":1397.61,"body":"about things like this. And so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1393.89,"endTime":1397.61,"body":"one of the one of the talks,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1397.61,"endTime":1401.39,"body":"which is more, you know, an open"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1397.61,"endTime":1401.39,"body":"discussion, but to bring up"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1401.39,"endTime":1404.21,"body":"these points, and we have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1401.39,"endTime":1404.21,"body":"failures and successes in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1404.21,"endTime":1406.55,"body":"lab, and part of being"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1404.21,"endTime":1406.55,"body":"deliberate about it is talking"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1406.55,"endTime":1409.76,"body":"about both, not just as"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1406.55,"endTime":1409.76,"body":"successes, but saying, Okay,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1410.09,"endTime":1412.1,"body":"here's what we tried, and it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1410.09,"endTime":1412.1,"body":"didn't work, here's what we're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1412.1,"endTime":1414.14,"body":"going to try to do. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1412.1,"endTime":1414.14,"body":"hopefully it will work the next"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1414.14,"endTime":1416.87,"body":"time, but it may not. And then"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1414.14,"endTime":1416.87,"body":"the big picture, all you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1416.9,"endTime":1420.2,"body":"all the different things that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1416.9,"endTime":1420.2,"body":"everyone is, is trying to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1420.2,"endTime":1425.36,"body":"accomplish scientific and career"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1420.2,"endTime":1425.36,"body":"wise. So I'm trying to make it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1425.36,"endTime":1430.79,"body":"more deliberate. There is no"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1425.36,"endTime":1430.79,"body":"textbook for it. I found and no"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1430.82,"endTime":1434.63,"body":"clear path. But I certainly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1430.82,"endTime":1434.63,"body":"found that talking about it and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1434.63,"endTime":1438.44,"body":"making it okay to talk about it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1434.63,"endTime":1438.44,"body":"is a good first step."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1439.04,"endTime":1441.83,"body":"It sounds like a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1439.04,"endTime":1441.83,"body":"textbook, maybe the RS could"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1441.83,"endTime":1444.38,"body":"lead because I think that's"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1441.83,"endTime":1444.38,"body":"these are these are, you know,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1444.38,"endTime":1447.08,"body":"not to use as a bad, you know,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1444.38,"endTime":1447.08,"body":"the wrong phrase, but soft"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1447.08,"endTime":1450.89,"body":"skills that are so important."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1447.08,"endTime":1450.89,"body":"That I think that actually"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1450.89,"endTime":1454.04,"body":"brings me to my question. You"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1450.89,"endTime":1454.04,"body":"know, one of the things that"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1454.04,"endTime":1459.2,"body":"you're known for is your skill"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1454.04,"endTime":1459.2,"body":"as being a mentor. You've won"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1459.2,"endTime":1462.14,"body":"institutional and national"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1459.2,"endTime":1462.14,"body":"awards for mentoring. And that's"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1462.14,"endTime":1464.69,"body":"incredible. And that's something"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1462.14,"endTime":1464.69,"body":"that all of us can learn from."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1465.14,"endTime":1467.93,"body":"And one of the other more recent"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1465.14,"endTime":1467.93,"body":"episodes we've had that's been"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1467.93,"endTime":1470.51,"body":"pretty popular is about"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1467.93,"endTime":1470.51,"body":"intergenerational differences."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1470.99,"endTime":1474.08,"body":"And have you adjusted your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1470.99,"endTime":1474.08,"body":"mentoring style over the last"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1474.11,"endTime":1479.78,"body":"couple of decades to meet the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1474.11,"endTime":1479.78,"body":"current generation of graduate"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1479.78,"endTime":1482.99,"body":"student, undergraduate student"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1479.78,"endTime":1482.99,"body":"postdoc, because personality"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1482.99,"endTime":1485.18,"body":"wise, I think they're probably a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1482.99,"endTime":1485.18,"body":"little different than they were"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1485.21,"endTime":1486.23,"body":"1015 years ago."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1487.85,"endTime":1490.64,"body":"That's a great"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1487.85,"endTime":1490.64,"body":"question. I, I don't know that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1490.64,"endTime":1495.23,"body":"I've changed too much. I still"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1490.64,"endTime":1495.23,"body":"try to keep a relatively"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1495.26,"endTime":1500.03,"body":"informal relationship with them"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1495.26,"endTime":1500.03,"body":"even then, there's much more"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1500.03,"endTime":1504.74,"body":"your age gap. But I think what"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1500.03,"endTime":1504.74,"body":"I've incorporated now that I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1504.74,"endTime":1509.84,"body":"didn't have before, is what I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1504.74,"endTime":1509.84,"body":"would call reverse mentoring,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1510.62,"endTime":1515.6,"body":"where I rely on the younger"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1510.62,"endTime":1515.6,"body":"members of the lab to keep me"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1515.6,"endTime":1522.26,"body":"informed on what are those soft"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1515.6,"endTime":1522.26,"body":"skills and communication skills"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1522.26,"endTime":1527.78,"body":"and even terminology that I can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1522.26,"endTime":1527.78,"body":"use to communicate with that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1527.9,"endTime":1534.2,"body":"generation. I don't find I have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1527.9,"endTime":1534.2,"body":"not found them to be any of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1534.2,"endTime":1537.53,"body":"stereotypes that we talked"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1534.2,"endTime":1537.53,"body":"about, of not wanting to work as"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1537.53,"endTime":1541.58,"body":"hard, not being as well trained,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1537.53,"endTime":1541.58,"body":"or as ambitious. And in that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1541.58,"endTime":1545.15,"body":"regard, I think maybe we've been"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1541.58,"endTime":1545.15,"body":"very fortunate because our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1545.15,"endTime":1549.38,"body":"students here are phenomenal."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1545.15,"endTime":1549.38,"body":"And our postdocs here are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1549.38,"endTime":1555.65,"body":"phenomenal. And, and I haven't"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1549.38,"endTime":1555.65,"body":"really had to change anything. I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1555.65,"endTime":1558.74,"body":"think what I've learned, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1555.65,"endTime":1558.74,"body":"this you know, this comes,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1558.86,"endTime":1561.98,"body":"sometimes it comes naturally,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1558.86,"endTime":1561.98,"body":"sometimes you have to to learn"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1561.98,"endTime":1565.97,"body":"it as a mentor, and part of it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1561.98,"endTime":1565.97,"body":"comes from I post a few 100"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1565.97,"endTime":1568.67,"body":"papers now, like what's what's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1565.97,"endTime":1568.67,"body":"really your legacy? What do you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1568.94,"endTime":1573.11,"body":"what are you going to leave? And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1568.94,"endTime":1573.11,"body":"what you realize is that your"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1573.11,"endTime":1577.79,"body":"mentee success is your success."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1573.11,"endTime":1577.79,"body":"And once once you really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1577.79,"endTime":1581.69,"body":"ingrained that, that when you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1577.79,"endTime":1581.69,"body":"see them succeed, is there not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1581.69,"endTime":1584.27,"body":"competition, they're not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1581.69,"endTime":1584.27,"body":"detracting from you. It is just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1584.27,"endTime":1589.01,"body":"pure pride. And I think that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1584.27,"endTime":1589.01,"body":"transition, whether it was you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1589.01,"endTime":1595.25,"body":"know, discrete or not, for me,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1589.01,"endTime":1595.25,"body":"it's very obvious now, and, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1595.25,"endTime":1601.37,"body":"I am most proud of where my"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1595.25,"endTime":1601.37,"body":"trainees are now. And right now,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1601.37,"endTime":1605.48,"body":"I have seven past trainees on"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1601.37,"endTime":1605.48,"body":"our faculty in orthopedics here."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1605.9,"endTime":1609.2,"body":"So you know, DPJ and John"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1605.9,"endTime":1609.2,"body":"Backus, they were my trainees at"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1609.2,"endTime":1612.41,"body":"Duke, we spent a year in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1609.2,"endTime":1612.41,"body":"lab, and then five of our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1612.92,"endTime":1617.18,"body":"postdocs are now research"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1612.92,"endTime":1617.18,"body":"faculty in the department. And I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1617.18,"endTime":1618.32,"body":"couldn't be more proud of them."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1619.61,"endTime":1622.16,"body":"That's incredible. I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1619.61,"endTime":1622.16,"body":"have two follow up questions."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1622.16,"endTime":1629.45,"body":"I'm one, how do you celebrate"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1622.16,"endTime":1629.45,"body":"your successes, and not only"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1629.45,"endTime":1633.11,"body":"discuss your failures, I for"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1629.45,"endTime":1633.11,"body":"one, Chris, I think is better at"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1633.11,"endTime":1636.68,"body":"this than I am, I tend to you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1633.11,"endTime":1636.68,"body":"know, and my successes are"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1636.68,"endTime":1641.39,"body":"smaller than either of yours,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1636.68,"endTime":1641.39,"body":"but I don't tend to I don't tend"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1641.39,"endTime":1643.46,"body":"to celebrate, I just tend to"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1641.39,"endTime":1643.46,"body":"move on to the next I don't"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1643.46,"endTime":1648.29,"body":"think that's necessarily"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1643.46,"endTime":1648.29,"body":"healthy. What do you do? How do"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1648.29,"endTime":1650.21,"body":"you celebrate with your team"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1648.29,"endTime":1650.21,"body":"Farsch?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1650.96,"endTime":1654.41,"body":"We just mark those"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1650.96,"endTime":1654.41,"body":"successes, it has a whole range."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1654.41,"endTime":1659.27,"body":"So you know, for our students,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1654.41,"endTime":1659.27,"body":"especially, there are a series"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1659.27,"endTime":1661.94,"body":"of events and the hoops, they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1659.27,"endTime":1661.94,"body":"have to jump through like"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1661.94,"endTime":1665.15,"body":"passing their qualifying exam"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1661.94,"endTime":1665.15,"body":"and their prelim exam and their"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1665.27,"endTime":1670.19,"body":"defense. And especially as they"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1665.27,"endTime":1670.19,"body":"move further along, those become"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1670.19,"endTime":1673.85,"body":"bigger and bigger party. So when"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1670.19,"endTime":1673.85,"body":"someone defends their PhD, we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1673.85,"endTime":1678.02,"body":"are going to all go out"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1673.85,"endTime":1678.02,"body":"somewhere either to you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1678.5,"endTime":1683.6,"body":"pandemic, notwithstanding Comm,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1678.5,"endTime":1683.6,"body":"you know, have a picnic, come to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1683.6,"endTime":1687.08,"body":"our house, go to a restaurant"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1683.6,"endTime":1687.08,"body":"make a big deal about those"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1687.08,"endTime":1690.05,"body":"things. But we also, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1687.08,"endTime":1690.05,"body":"even the little things like a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1690.05,"endTime":1692.99,"body":"paper getting accepted, it's not"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1690.05,"endTime":1692.99,"body":"so little someone's, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1692.99,"endTime":1696.59,"body":"first off the paper, at least"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1692.99,"endTime":1696.59,"body":"acknowledging it, bringing it up"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1696.59,"endTime":1699.35,"body":"in lab meetings, letting"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1696.59,"endTime":1699.35,"body":"everyone know, letting everyone"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1699.35,"endTime":1704.12,"body":"know why it's a big deal and why"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1699.35,"endTime":1704.12,"body":"we're proud of it. I tend to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1704.24,"endTime":1708.95,"body":"celebrate my own accomplishments"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1704.24,"endTime":1708.95,"body":"less just because it's, it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1708.95,"endTime":1713.0,"body":"just, you know, after you've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1708.95,"endTime":1713.0,"body":"failed and succeeded so many"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1713.0,"endTime":1717.47,"body":"times, it's less of an issue,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1713.0,"endTime":1717.47,"body":"but to just bring it up, because"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1717.71,"endTime":1721.04,"body":"almost all of them are a group"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1717.71,"endTime":1721.04,"body":"effort. And there's very few"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1721.04,"endTime":1724.37,"body":"things that you know, of any,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1721.04,"endTime":1724.37,"body":"certainly scientifically that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1724.4,"endTime":1727.58,"body":"that belong to one person, it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1724.4,"endTime":1727.58,"body":"just such a collaborative"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1728.06,"endTime":1731.72,"body":"discipline right now. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1728.06,"endTime":1731.72,"body":"celebrating that team success is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1731.72,"endTime":1734.87,"body":"very important, and making sure"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1731.72,"endTime":1734.87,"body":"that everyone knows they're part"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1734.87,"endTime":1739.64,"body":"of that team, and what roles"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1734.87,"endTime":1739.64,"body":"they play in it. It's just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1739.64,"endTime":1742.43,"body":"really important. If nothing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1739.64,"endTime":1742.43,"body":"else, not letting things gloss"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1742.43,"endTime":1746.51,"body":"over and say, Oh, that's just"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1742.43,"endTime":1746.51,"body":"that's just daily business. We"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1746.51,"endTime":1749.51,"body":"don't care about another paper"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1746.51,"endTime":1749.51,"body":"or, or that this milestone that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1749.51,"endTime":1750.11,"body":"you went through."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1751.04,"endTime":1753.47,"body":"I love that. I love"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1751.04,"endTime":1753.47,"body":"that. And I guess I don't really"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1753.47,"endTime":1755.87,"body":"have another question, but that"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1753.47,"endTime":1755.87,"body":"your mentorship comments are"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1755.87,"endTime":1758.51,"body":"incredibly important. And"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1755.87,"endTime":1758.51,"body":"actually, it's an area of growth"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1758.51,"endTime":1762.29,"body":"for me. I tried it for a long"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1758.51,"endTime":1762.29,"body":"time, I would simply say I'm"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1762.29,"endTime":1765.77,"body":"going to be a mentor by example."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1762.29,"endTime":1765.77,"body":"And that doesn't cut it,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1765.86,"endTime":1768.2,"body":"honestly. I mean, I think you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1765.86,"endTime":1768.2,"body":"can do that, but it's not"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1768.2,"endTime":1772.67,"body":"enough. And so that's something"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1768.2,"endTime":1772.67,"body":"I am intentionally going to be"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1772.67,"endTime":1775.85,"body":"working on moving forwards. I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1772.67,"endTime":1775.85,"body":"personally appreciate your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1775.85,"endTime":1777.05,"body":"comments and they're spot on."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1777.95,"endTime":1781.04,"body":"Yeah, the mentorship"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1777.95,"endTime":1781.04,"body":"process is I mean, there are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1781.07,"endTime":1784.34,"body":"there are those sides of it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1781.07,"endTime":1784.34,"body":"where certainly you have to be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1784.34,"endTime":1787.64,"body":"the example. If you teach"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1784.34,"endTime":1787.64,"body":"something and then you are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1787.64,"endTime":1790.31,"body":"something else that that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1787.64,"endTime":1790.31,"body":"undermines what you're doing so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1790.31,"endTime":1793.13,"body":"you've got to be the example."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1790.31,"endTime":1793.13,"body":"But it's also got to be much"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1793.13,"endTime":1799.43,"body":"more deliberate. And every"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1793.13,"endTime":1799.43,"body":"trainee is different. So I think"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1799.46,"endTime":1802.22,"body":"understand And then what each"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1799.46,"endTime":1802.22,"body":"person is looking for I have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1802.25,"endTime":1806.06,"body":"trainees that I literally will"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1802.25,"endTime":1806.06,"body":"talk to or communicate with,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1806.09,"endTime":1809.93,"body":"usually, you know, Slack text,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1806.09,"endTime":1809.93,"body":"whatever, 1015 times a day, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1809.93,"endTime":1814.73,"body":"I have other ones who check in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1809.93,"endTime":1814.73,"body":"once, a few every few weeks. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1814.76,"endTime":1818.51,"body":"that's what works for each of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1814.76,"endTime":1818.51,"body":"them. And as you know, this is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1818.51,"endTime":1822.71,"body":"my only job. So I have the time"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1818.51,"endTime":1822.71,"body":"to do those things, you are"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1822.71,"endTime":1825.74,"body":"balancing multiple things and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1822.71,"endTime":1825.74,"body":"being pulled in the office. So"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1825.74,"endTime":1830.36,"body":"you know, it's also having the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1825.74,"endTime":1830.36,"body":"time to spend like that and be"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1830.36,"endTime":1833.42,"body":"able to keep a running"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1830.36,"endTime":1833.42,"body":"commentary and give immediate"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1833.42,"endTime":1837.26,"body":"feedback. And, and one of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1833.42,"endTime":1837.26,"body":"things is positive or negative"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1837.29,"endTime":1839.51,"body":"immediate feedback is really"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1837.29,"endTime":1839.51,"body":"important for the mentee, so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1839.51,"endTime":1842.24,"body":"that you acknowledge you, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1839.51,"endTime":1842.24,"body":"see what they did, and it's good"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1842.24,"endTime":1845.66,"body":"or bad, usually it's good. But"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1842.24,"endTime":1845.66,"body":"just letting them know that that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1845.66,"endTime":1850.19,"body":"was something positive, and you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1845.66,"endTime":1850.19,"body":"saw it and acknowledged it, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1850.19,"endTime":1852.95,"body":"think those are really important"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1850.19,"endTime":1852.95,"body":"things that they go a very long"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1852.95,"endTime":1853.19,"body":"way."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1853.9,"endTime":1856.39,"body":"I think those are"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1853.9,"endTime":1856.39,"body":"great points to mean for us that"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1856.39,"endTime":1859.84,"body":"in our world that's in the or,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1856.39,"endTime":1859.84,"body":"you know, somebody does"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1859.84,"endTime":1862.6,"body":"something, it's easy to point"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1859.84,"endTime":1862.6,"body":"out when somebody does something"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1862.78,"endTime":1865.12,"body":"not so great. There are certain"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1862.78,"endTime":1865.12,"body":"things you can say in the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1865.12,"endTime":1867.4,"body":"moment, certain things you maybe"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1865.12,"endTime":1867.4,"body":"should reserve, you know, for"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1867.4,"endTime":1869.71,"body":"private moments, but when"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1867.4,"endTime":1869.71,"body":"somebody does something, well,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1869.74,"endTime":1872.89,"body":"you know, making sure that they"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1869.74,"endTime":1872.89,"body":"know that, you know, and Marty"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1872.89,"endTime":1875.29,"body":"talks about it, you know, when"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1872.89,"endTime":1875.29,"body":"he talks about how he gives"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1875.29,"endTime":1877.78,"body":"feedback, you know, he I love"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1875.29,"endTime":1877.78,"body":"the way you use your scissors"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1877.78,"endTime":1879.88,"body":"there, I love the way you use a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1877.78,"endTime":1879.88,"body":"scalpel. You know, I like the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1879.88,"endTime":1883.48,"body":"way you put that screw, and that"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1879.88,"endTime":1883.48,"body":"I think helps sustain the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1883.48,"endTime":1885.79,"body":"relationship when you're at"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1883.48,"endTime":1885.79,"body":"least teaching something that is"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1885.79,"endTime":1889.6,"body":"relatively, you know, tactical."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1885.79,"endTime":1889.6,"body":"But I think the points well made"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1889.6,"endTime":1891.64,"body":"for other things. And it"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1889.6,"endTime":1891.64,"body":"certainly extends to research."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1891.73,"endTime":1894.73,"body":"That is a great example"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1891.73,"endTime":1894.73,"body":"what you're describing of how we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1894.73,"endTime":1898.57,"body":"try to catch people doing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1894.73,"endTime":1898.57,"body":"something, right. Usually you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1898.57,"endTime":1901.12,"body":"trying to catch people doing"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1898.57,"endTime":1901.12,"body":"something wrong. But you pop in"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1901.12,"endTime":1904.18,"body":"the lab or you you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1901.12,"endTime":1904.18,"body":"something comes across your desk"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1904.18,"endTime":1907.45,"body":"that was done. Right? You caught"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1904.18,"endTime":1907.45,"body":"them, and then you surprise them"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1907.45,"endTime":1911.59,"body":"with the kudos it goes a long"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1907.45,"endTime":1911.59,"body":"way."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1912.34,"endTime":1915.04,"body":"Right. So the the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1912.34,"endTime":1915.04,"body":"question I had for you, one of"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1915.04,"endTime":1917.2,"body":"the episodes that Chuck and I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1915.04,"endTime":1917.2,"body":"are going to do pretty soon is"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1917.2,"endTime":1920.17,"body":"an episode about uncertainty."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1917.2,"endTime":1920.17,"body":"We're going to talk about an"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1920.17,"endTime":1924.07,"body":"article from HBr that talks"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1920.17,"endTime":1924.07,"body":"about you know how to embrace"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1924.07,"endTime":1928.63,"body":"it, how to, to look at as a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1924.07,"endTime":1928.63,"body":"positive at times. And for you,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1928.63,"endTime":1932.5,"body":"you went from being incredibly"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1928.63,"endTime":1932.5,"body":"established and accomplished."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1932.5,"endTime":1936.34,"body":"And you could have finished out"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1932.5,"endTime":1936.34,"body":"your career at Duke. But you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1936.34,"endTime":1939.64,"body":"took the leap to come to WashU"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1936.34,"endTime":1939.64,"body":"at a point where you were, you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1939.64,"endTime":1941.98,"body":"know, kind of in the Lebron"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1939.64,"endTime":1941.98,"body":"James mode, you could pick your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1941.98,"endTime":1944.35,"body":"spots, you could either stay"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1941.98,"endTime":1944.35,"body":"where you are, or you could go"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1944.35,"endTime":1948.01,"body":"wherever you want. And yeah, how"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1944.35,"endTime":1948.01,"body":"did you what was the impetus for"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1948.01,"endTime":1950.89,"body":"that? And you know, how, how did"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1948.01,"endTime":1950.89,"body":"you? Did you struggle at all"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1950.89,"endTime":1952.9,"body":"with the uncertainty of now I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1950.89,"endTime":1952.9,"body":"gotta go somewhere else and"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1952.9,"endTime":1956.65,"body":"establish myself again, or what"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1952.9,"endTime":1956.65,"body":"were the considerations running"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1956.65,"endTime":1959.53,"body":"through your mind as you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1956.65,"endTime":1959.53,"body":"weighed, staying at Duke versus"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":1959.53,"endTime":1960.64,"body":"moving institutions."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1961.45,"endTime":1964.75,"body":"I definitely struggled"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1961.45,"endTime":1964.75,"body":"with that. And so you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1964.75,"endTime":1966.97,"body":"research, when you build a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1964.75,"endTime":1966.97,"body":"research laboratory, it takes"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1967.0,"endTime":1971.41,"body":"decades to train people to build"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1967.0,"endTime":1971.41,"body":"these research projects. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1972.4,"endTime":1976.69,"body":"there is so much luck involved"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1972.4,"endTime":1976.69,"body":"in getting a research lab to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1976.69,"endTime":1979.96,"body":"work and getting research"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1976.69,"endTime":1979.96,"body":"funding. 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And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1995.11,"endTime":1997.54,"body":"all of a sudden I went from"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1995.11,"endTime":1997.54,"body":"being out of business to having"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1997.54,"endTime":2000.51,"body":"12 People in the lab and you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":1997.54,"endTime":2000.51,"body":"know, those types of luck"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2001.11,"endTime":2004.86,"body":"situations, and getting those"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2001.11,"endTime":2004.86,"body":"right people and building that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2004.86,"endTime":2009.09,"body":"lab. I didn't know if I could"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2004.86,"endTime":2009.09,"body":"repeat it. I didn't know if it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2009.09,"endTime":2013.05,"body":"was if I could move somewhere,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2009.09,"endTime":2013.05,"body":"start over build a laboratory"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2013.05,"endTime":2015.81,"body":"again and do it in a you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2013.05,"endTime":2015.81,"body":"reasonable time period and have"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2015.84,"endTime":2022.65,"body":"have the the ability, the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2015.84,"endTime":2022.65,"body":"thought process and the luck to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2022.71,"endTime":2026.22,"body":"do it again. So I'm very, I feel"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2022.71,"endTime":2026.22,"body":"very fortunate that I was able"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2026.22,"endTime":2031.29,"body":"to do it. 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And when he took"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2043.95,"endTime":2048.93,"body":"the position here as department"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2048.93,"endTime":2051.81,"body":"chair before he even moved here,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2048.93,"endTime":2051.81,"body":"he called me up. And he said we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2051.81,"endTime":2055.38,"body":"have this position. And it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2051.81,"endTime":2055.38,"body":"between Washington, which was,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2055.41,"endTime":2060.12,"body":"as you will know, it's been the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2055.41,"endTime":2060.12,"body":"number one NIH funded and most"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2060.12,"endTime":2063.6,"body":"highly recognized center for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2060.12,"endTime":2063.6,"body":"orthopedic research for for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2063.6,"endTime":2066.27,"body":"quite a while. 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And yes, it's a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2081.18,"endTime":2085.32,"body":"risk, and there was some"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2085.32,"endTime":2088.35,"body":"uncertainty. But I had to do it."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2088.0,"endTime":2092.86,"body":"Yeah, it's that"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2088.0,"endTime":2092.86,"body":"actually Chris asked the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2092.86,"endTime":2096.67,"body":"question that I wanted to and"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2092.86,"endTime":2096.67,"body":"that's great. I think in respect"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2096.67,"endTime":2099.88,"body":"for your time, I want to sort of"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2096.67,"endTime":2099.88,"body":"bring this to a close but with a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2099.88,"endTime":2104.05,"body":"really important concept. And we"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2099.88,"endTime":2104.05,"body":"could talk about the science"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2104.05,"endTime":2107.2,"body":"forever. And I look forward to"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2104.05,"endTime":2107.2,"body":"learning more about the science."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2107.59,"endTime":2111.61,"body":"But I want to close with work"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2107.59,"endTime":2111.61,"body":"life balance. And as I see it,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2111.64,"endTime":2115.66,"body":"you know, you have a incredibly"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2111.64,"endTime":2115.66,"body":"busy work life, you have a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2115.66,"endTime":2120.97,"body":"significant other a spouse who"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2115.66,"endTime":2120.97,"body":"is incredibly successful. And"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2121.0,"endTime":2123.64,"body":"you have a history of being a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2121.0,"endTime":2123.64,"body":"racquetball player, talk to us"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2123.64,"endTime":2126.64,"body":"about how you think about"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2123.64,"endTime":2126.64,"body":"balance, because Chris and I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2126.64,"endTime":2127.75,"body":"both struggle with it."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2130.24,"endTime":2133.0,"body":"Balance is so"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2130.24,"endTime":2133.0,"body":"important, if we want to use"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2133.0,"endTime":2136.69,"body":"that word, I'm not sure I always"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2133.0,"endTime":2136.69,"body":"like that word, because it"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2136.69,"endTime":2139.42,"body":"implies like you're on a seesaw."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2136.69,"endTime":2139.42,"body":"And if you add more work, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2139.42,"endTime":2144.64,"body":"should add more play. 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And and you've"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2164.35,"endTime":2168.82,"body":"got to, you've got to make sure"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2164.35,"endTime":2168.82,"body":"where your priorities are, for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2168.82,"endTime":2173.02,"body":"me having that balance, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2168.82,"endTime":2173.02,"body":"having extracurricular"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2173.02,"endTime":2175.39,"body":"activities, whatever they are,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2173.02,"endTime":2175.39,"body":"and for many of us, you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2175.39,"endTime":2180.88,"body":"it's exercise or some sport or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2175.39,"endTime":2180.88,"body":"some, you know, hobby or, of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2180.88,"endTime":2188.11,"body":"course, family. If I don't do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2180.88,"endTime":2188.11,"body":"that, I don't have the energy to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2188.11,"endTime":2192.22,"body":"do my real job. It's not like"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2188.11,"endTime":2192.22,"body":"it's taking time away, it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2192.22,"endTime":2196.96,"body":"actually energizing to create"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2192.22,"endTime":2196.96,"body":"the ability to do what I need to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2196.96,"endTime":2200.02,"body":"do. So it's not even a number of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2196.96,"endTime":2200.02,"body":"hours, there are a lot of hours"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2200.02,"endTime":2204.4,"body":"in the day. I don't run out of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2200.02,"endTime":2204.4,"body":"time, usually I run out of"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2204.4,"endTime":2208.39,"body":"energy and mental energy. If I'm"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2204.4,"endTime":2208.39,"body":"working on a paper or a grant or"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2208.39,"endTime":2213.28,"body":"something, you know, you can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2208.39,"endTime":2213.28,"body":"always work more hours, not to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2213.28,"endTime":2216.67,"body":"other things, but run out of the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2213.28,"endTime":2216.67,"body":"ability to actually do that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2216.67,"endTime":2220.12,"body":"work. And if you find things,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2216.67,"endTime":2220.12,"body":"and it takes a little while to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2220.12,"endTime":2222.46,"body":"find what energizes you, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2220.12,"endTime":2222.46,"body":"you've got to know yourself, and"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2222.46,"endTime":2224.38,"body":"you've got to try different"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2222.46,"endTime":2224.38,"body":"things. And for many people,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2224.38,"endTime":2227.53,"body":"it's you know, friends, it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2224.38,"endTime":2227.53,"body":"socializing, it's watching"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2227.53,"endTime":2229.84,"body":"sports, it's playing sports,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2227.53,"endTime":2229.84,"body":"it's playing a musical"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2229.84,"endTime":2232.63,"body":"instrument. If you don't do"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2229.84,"endTime":2232.63,"body":"those things I find, then you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2232.63,"endTime":2236.5,"body":"just burn out. And this is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2232.63,"endTime":2236.5,"body":"another thing this is one of our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2236.5,"endTime":2240.04,"body":"other lab topics is burnout."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2236.5,"endTime":2240.04,"body":"Because if you burn out, you're"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2240.04,"endTime":2243.43,"body":"no good to anyone. So I'd rather"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2240.04,"endTime":2243.43,"body":"have people work half as much"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2243.88,"endTime":2248.47,"body":"and be efficient and stay with"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2243.88,"endTime":2248.47,"body":"it, then to work 80 hours a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2248.47,"endTime":2253.75,"body":"week, and not be able to stick"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2248.47,"endTime":2253.75,"body":"with with a career and with a"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2253.75,"endTime":2260.17,"body":"job and just give up on it. So I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2253.75,"endTime":2260.17,"body":"don't know if that, if that"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2260.17,"endTime":2264.58,"body":"makes sense. But I think each"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2260.17,"endTime":2264.58,"body":"person has to figure it out for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2264.58,"endTime":2268.81,"body":"themselves of what what actually"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2264.58,"endTime":2268.81,"body":"energizes you. And you know,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2268.84,"endTime":2272.17,"body":"some people do want to work 80"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2268.84,"endTime":2272.17,"body":"or 100 hours a week. And, you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2272.17,"endTime":2275.71,"body":"know, they're they're on one"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2272.17,"endTime":2275.71,"body":"side of the bell curve. And for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2275.71,"endTime":2278.26,"body":"most of us, we're in the middle,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2275.71,"endTime":2278.26,"body":"we've got to do other things"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2278.35,"endTime":2282.16,"body":"and, and enjoy life, and it's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2278.35,"endTime":2282.16,"body":"yet one life, you got to enjoy"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2282.16,"endTime":2282.25,"body":"it."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2283.3,"endTime":2286.57,"body":"I think that's well"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2283.3,"endTime":2286.57,"body":"said I what I love about what"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2286.57,"endTime":2289.63,"body":"you said is the energizing part"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2286.57,"endTime":2289.63,"body":"of it. Because I think that in"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2289.63,"endTime":2294.52,"body":"many ways, you know, if you"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2289.63,"endTime":2294.52,"body":"don't fill that bucket, with the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2294.52,"endTime":2297.76,"body":"stuff that's in that glass ball,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2294.52,"endTime":2297.76,"body":"you're just going to be flat at"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2297.76,"endTime":2300.13,"body":"work, like you're not gonna,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2297.76,"endTime":2300.13,"body":"you're gonna go into whatever"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2300.13,"endTime":2302.74,"body":"are in our world patient"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2300.13,"endTime":2302.74,"body":"interactions or, you know,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2302.8,"endTime":2306.97,"body":"research projects, just with no"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2302.8,"endTime":2306.97,"body":"energy, no motivation. And I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2306.97,"endTime":2309.19,"body":"think that, you know, one of the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2306.97,"endTime":2309.19,"body":"things I've tried to talk to our"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2309.19,"endTime":2311.86,"body":"trainees about when we talk"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2309.19,"endTime":2311.86,"body":"about this topic, and I agree"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2311.86,"endTime":2314.02,"body":"with you is definitely more of a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2311.86,"endTime":2314.02,"body":"rhythm. And a pendulum as"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2314.02,"endTime":2317.74,"body":"opposed to a balance is just"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2314.02,"endTime":2317.74,"body":"finding the things that energize"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2317.74,"endTime":2320.92,"body":"you and then optimizing when"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2317.74,"endTime":2320.92,"body":"your energy is at its peak for"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2320.92,"endTime":2324.49,"body":"the things that you need to do."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2320.92,"endTime":2324.49,"body":"You know, trying to, for me,"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2324.52,"endTime":2327.52,"body":"trying to do anything academic"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2324.52,"endTime":2327.52,"body":"after nine o'clock at night is"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2327.52,"endTime":2330.7,"body":"just not going to happen. It's"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2327.52,"endTime":2330.7,"body":"just forcing it. And yes, I'll"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2330.7,"endTime":2333.16,"body":"do okay work. But my best work"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2330.7,"endTime":2333.16,"body":"comes in the morning. And I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2333.16,"endTime":2336.13,"body":"recognize that when I was a"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2333.16,"endTime":2336.13,"body":"follow, I just needed that like"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2336.16,"endTime":2338.05,"body":"time in the morning, I woke up"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2336.16,"endTime":2338.05,"body":"super early. And that's when I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2338.05,"endTime":2340.99,"body":"would read for cases and"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2338.05,"endTime":2340.99,"body":"everything else. And I think"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2340.99,"endTime":2343.33,"body":"it's just understanding"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2340.99,"endTime":2343.33,"body":"yourself, everybody's different."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2343.33,"endTime":2346.6,"body":"Nobody's gonna, you know, I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2343.33,"endTime":2346.6,"body":"can't do I can't run my life the"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2346.6,"endTime":2348.85,"body":"way the chuck does, when Marty"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2346.6,"endTime":2348.85,"body":"does the way that Ryan does. I"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2348.85,"endTime":2352.03,"body":"mean, everybody's different. So"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2348.85,"endTime":2352.03,"body":"I think that if you can"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2352.03,"endTime":2355.12,"body":"recognize that early on in your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2352.03,"endTime":2355.12,"body":"training, and early on in"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2355.12,"endTime":2357.37,"body":"practice, you're going to be"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2355.12,"endTime":2357.37,"body":"just better set to succeed."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2359.31,"endTime":2363.48,"body":"Absolutely. Well, I"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2359.31,"endTime":2363.48,"body":"would love to thank farsh for"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2363.48,"endTime":2366.69,"body":"joining and listeners, if you"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2363.48,"endTime":2366.69,"body":"would like to hear more about"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2366.69,"endTime":2369.75,"body":"the science, because I certainly"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2366.69,"endTime":2369.75,"body":"do, please let us know. And we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2369.75,"endTime":2372.09,"body":"will have farsh back just to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2369.75,"endTime":2372.09,"body":"talk about science violence, we"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2372.09,"endTime":2375.42,"body":"could talk too harsh about a lot"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2372.09,"endTime":2375.42,"body":"of things that really relate to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2375.93,"endTime":2378.06,"body":"everything that we do in the"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2375.93,"endTime":2378.06,"body":"world of taking care of people"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2378.06,"endTime":2381.12,"body":"with hands injuries. So first,"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2378.06,"endTime":2381.12,"body":"thank you for joining us."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2382.02,"endTime":2384.51,"body":"Thank you for having me. Thank"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2382.02,"endTime":2384.51,"body":"you for doing this podcast. It's"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2384.51,"endTime":2390.36,"body":"fantastic. And it's just a true"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2384.51,"endTime":2390.36,"body":"service to the society in our"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2390.36,"endTime":2392.91,"body":"community. So it's a delight to"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2390.36,"endTime":2392.91,"body":"be here."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2393.57,"endTime":2395.01,"body":"Thank you so much."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2393.57,"endTime":2395.01,"body":"Have a great day."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2396.0,"endTime":2396.9,"body":"You too. Bye bye."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2398.01,"endTime":2400.17,"body":"Hey, Chris. That was"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2398.01,"endTime":2400.17,"body":"fun. Let's do it again. Real"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2400.17,"endTime":2400.5,"body":"soon."},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2400.77,"endTime":2403.77,"body":"Sounds good. Well, be sure to"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2400.77,"endTime":2403.77,"body":"check us out on Twitter at hand"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2403.77,"endTime":2405.69,"body":"podcast. Hey, Chuck, what's your"},{"speaker":"Chris Dy","startTime":2403.77,"endTime":2405.69,"body":"Twitter handle?"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2406.05,"endTime":2409.56,"body":"Mine is @ congenital"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2406.05,"endTime":2409.56,"body":"hand. What about you? Mine is"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2409.83,"endTime":2413.34,"body":"@ChrisDyMD spelled d-y. And if"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2409.83,"endTime":2413.34,"body":"you'd like to email us, you can"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2413.34,"endTime":2415.92,"body":"reach us at hand"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2413.34,"endTime":2415.92,"body":"podcast@gmail.com."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2416.85,"endTime":2420.09,"body":"And remember, please subscribe"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2416.85,"endTime":2420.09,"body":"wherever you get your podcast"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2420.12,"endTime":2422.73,"body":"and be sure to leave a review"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2420.12,"endTime":2422.73,"body":"that helps us get the word out."},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2423.12,"endTime":2426.33,"body":"Special thanks to Peter Martin"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2423.12,"endTime":2426.33,"body":"for the amazing music. And"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2426.33,"endTime":2429.39,"body":"remember, keep the upper hand"},{"speaker":"Unknown","startTime":2426.33,"endTime":2429.39,"body":"come back next time"}]}