{"version":"1.0.0","segments":[{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":13.559,"endTime":16.679,"body":"Welcome to the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":13.559,"endTime":16.679,"body":"being an engineer podcast. Our"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":16.679,"endTime":21.239,"body":"guest today is Tom Galvani, who"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":16.679,"endTime":21.239,"body":"operates a law firm in Phoenix"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":21.239,"endTime":25.349,"body":"where he and his team provide"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":21.239,"endTime":25.349,"body":"patent, trademark and copyright"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":25.349,"endTime":29.099,"body":"solutions to help independent"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":25.349,"endTime":29.099,"body":"inventors, entrepreneurs and"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":29.099,"endTime":33.539,"body":"growing businesses protect their"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":29.099,"endTime":33.539,"body":"ideas, inventions, and brands."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":33.569,"endTime":37.349,"body":"Tom, welcome to the show."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":33.569,"endTime":37.349,"body":"Thanks. Thanks for having me."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":38.159,"endTime":42.329,"body":"You bet. Okay, so you actually"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":38.159,"endTime":42.329,"body":"started your at least your"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":42.329,"endTime":50.009,"body":"student career as a mechanical"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":42.329,"endTime":50.009,"body":"engineer, and then transferred"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":50.009,"endTime":55.139,"body":"into law before actually going"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":50.009,"endTime":55.139,"body":"into industry as an engineer. Is"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":55.139,"endTime":56.129,"body":"that accurate?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":57.24,"endTime":62.73,"body":"Yeah, so I was I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":57.24,"endTime":62.73,"body":"was an engineering student. I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":62.73,"endTime":65.19,"body":"was really more of a systems"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":62.73,"endTime":65.19,"body":"engineer. But we did study"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":65.19,"endTime":68.1,"body":"Mechanical, we studied all sorts"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":65.19,"endTime":68.1,"body":"of mechanical electrical"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":68.55,"endTime":73.89,"body":"materials and a broad range. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":68.55,"endTime":73.89,"body":"in engineering school, I decided"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":73.92,"endTime":78.39,"body":"that I didn't want to be an"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":73.92,"endTime":78.39,"body":"engineer anymore. I had met with"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":78.39,"endTime":83.58,"body":"a couple former engineers from"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":78.39,"endTime":83.58,"body":"my school that had gone on to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":83.61,"endTime":86.7,"body":"law school and then gone on to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":83.61,"endTime":86.7,"body":"the practice of law, and all of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":86.7,"endTime":89.07,"body":"them were patent attorneys. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":86.7,"endTime":89.07,"body":"it sounded like an exciting way"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":89.07,"endTime":93.54,"body":"to continue almost being an"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":89.07,"endTime":93.54,"body":"engineer without having to do"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":93.54,"endTime":95.13,"body":"applause transforms all day"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":93.54,"endTime":95.13,"body":"long."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":97.65,"endTime":102.87,"body":"Yeah, okay. That's"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":97.65,"endTime":102.87,"body":"fair. That's fair. What, can you"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":102.87,"endTime":107.4,"body":"elaborate a little bit more?"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":102.87,"endTime":107.4,"body":"What was attractive to you about"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":107.43,"endTime":111.69,"body":"patent law? And maybe what was"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":107.43,"endTime":111.69,"body":"unattractive to you about"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":111.75,"endTime":114.09,"body":"practicing engineering? Yeah, so"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":114.09,"endTime":117.03,"body":"I, the thing that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":114.09,"endTime":117.03,"body":"got me interested in engineering"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":117.03,"endTime":121.71,"body":"was building I've always been a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":117.03,"endTime":121.71,"body":"Lego builder and a designer. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":121.71,"endTime":124.23,"body":"I've always enjoyed building"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":121.71,"endTime":124.23,"body":"creations and working with my"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":124.23,"endTime":128.76,"body":"hands. So designing, building,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":124.23,"endTime":128.76,"body":"solving problems has always been"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":129.06,"endTime":132.99,"body":"an interest, probably like most"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":129.06,"endTime":132.99,"body":"engineers. And so I went to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":132.99,"endTime":137.52,"body":"school for that, I got kind of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":132.99,"endTime":137.52,"body":"burnt out from the math. And I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":137.52,"endTime":140.97,"body":"just got tired of doing detailed"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":137.52,"endTime":140.97,"body":"detailed math all the time. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":141.3,"endTime":144.57,"body":"for a while, I actually thought"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":141.3,"endTime":144.57,"body":"about architecture. And so I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":144.57,"endTime":148.65,"body":"studied, I studied architecture,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":144.57,"endTime":148.65,"body":"I went and did a summer abroad,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":148.74,"endTime":151.95,"body":"studying architecture. And I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":148.74,"endTime":151.95,"body":"thought that might be a good, a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":151.95,"endTime":156.21,"body":"good route. But then I found out"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":151.95,"endTime":156.21,"body":"about patent law. And it sounded"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":156.21,"endTime":161.13,"body":"like an exciting way to keep my"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":156.21,"endTime":161.13,"body":"engineering background still"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":161.13,"endTime":164.82,"body":"deal deal with engineers still"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":161.13,"endTime":164.82,"body":"work with people who are"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":164.82,"endTime":170.64,"body":"inventive and creative. But also"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":164.82,"endTime":170.64,"body":"sort of pivot to a world where"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":170.79,"endTime":175.35,"body":"it's a, it's a new challenge all"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":170.79,"endTime":175.35,"body":"the time. I graduated around"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":175.35,"endTime":180.18,"body":"the.com bubble just before the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":175.35,"endTime":180.18,"body":"bubble burst. And so my school"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":180.18,"endTime":183.84,"body":"was full of people who are going"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":180.18,"endTime":183.84,"body":"off and starting companies and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":183.84,"endTime":186.33,"body":"doing exciting things and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":183.84,"endTime":186.33,"body":"starting for companies and doing"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":186.33,"endTime":190.56,"body":"exciting things with them. And I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":186.33,"endTime":190.56,"body":"didn't want to start a company"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":190.56,"endTime":194.37,"body":"myself, I wasn't interested in"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":190.56,"endTime":194.37,"body":"that. But I wanted to be assist"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":194.37,"endTime":198.81,"body":"in that. And so patent law, and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":194.37,"endTime":198.81,"body":"law seemed like the way to do"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":198.81,"endTime":201.93,"body":"it, and you want to be a patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":198.81,"endTime":201.93,"body":"attorney, you've got to be an"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":201.93,"endTime":205.38,"body":"attorney. First, I would not"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":201.93,"endTime":205.38,"body":"want to practice any kind of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":205.38,"endTime":208.56,"body":"other law. I don't think if I,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":205.38,"endTime":208.56,"body":"if I couldn't do patent and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":208.56,"endTime":210.99,"body":"trademark and copyright law, I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":208.56,"endTime":210.99,"body":"don't think I would want to be a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":210.99,"endTime":215.07,"body":"lawyer, I go back to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":210.99,"endTime":215.07,"body":"engineering. So yeah, patent law"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":215.07,"endTime":222.3,"body":"is just a great way to still"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":215.07,"endTime":222.3,"body":"work with engineers and be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":223.11,"endTime":227.01,"body":"talking that language and still"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":223.11,"endTime":227.01,"body":"be on the edge of design, but"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":227.01,"endTime":228.93,"body":"not have to do all the design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":227.01,"endTime":228.93,"body":"myself."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":231.18,"endTime":234.51,"body":"What having been"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":231.18,"endTime":234.51,"body":"through this process of starting"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":234.51,"endTime":239.52,"body":"as an engineering student, and"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":234.51,"endTime":239.52,"body":"then going into law, what"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":240.15,"endTime":245.49,"body":"suggestions might you give to"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":240.15,"endTime":245.49,"body":"current engineering students who"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":245.49,"endTime":250.32,"body":"might be listening to this that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":245.49,"endTime":250.32,"body":"if they're thinking about"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":250.32,"endTime":254.97,"body":"potentially going into patent"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":250.32,"endTime":254.97,"body":"law, what are some of the I"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":254.97,"endTime":259.32,"body":"don't know, key indicators? Or"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":254.97,"endTime":259.32,"body":"if you like, this sort of thing,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":259.35,"endTime":262.89,"body":"and you're really good at that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":259.35,"endTime":262.89,"body":"sort of thing? What are some of"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":262.89,"endTime":267.78,"body":"these triggers that students"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":262.89,"endTime":267.78,"body":"might consider that if they're"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":267.78,"endTime":271.38,"body":"true, it might make good sense"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":267.78,"endTime":271.38,"body":"for them to go into patent law?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":271.95,"endTime":275.34,"body":"Yeah, so I took"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":271.95,"endTime":275.34,"body":"where you would you would look"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":275.34,"endTime":279.24,"body":"at a business problem, figure"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":275.34,"endTime":279.24,"body":"out what it was figure out the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":279.24,"endTime":281.7,"body":"number of solutions and how to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":279.24,"endTime":281.7,"body":"how to carry out those"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":281.7,"endTime":284.19,"body":"solutions. I took a lot of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":281.7,"endTime":284.19,"body":"project management classes I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":284.19,"endTime":292.2,"body":"found all those interesting. i i"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":284.19,"endTime":292.2,"body":"You know, it was really just I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":292.2,"endTime":297.36,"body":"got sick of doing detailed math"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":292.2,"endTime":297.36,"body":"if you're hired, tired of that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":297.39,"endTime":301.17,"body":"mix up. Some of my classmates"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":297.39,"endTime":301.17,"body":"loved it. But if you're tired of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":301.17,"endTime":304.92,"body":"that, that's not necessarily"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":301.17,"endTime":304.92,"body":"doesn't necessarily mean you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":304.92,"endTime":306.96,"body":"don't have to abandon"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":304.92,"endTime":306.96,"body":"engineering, it just means maybe"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":306.96,"endTime":312.42,"body":"you're not going to be the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":306.96,"endTime":312.42,"body":"Research Engineer. Um, no, I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":312.42,"endTime":318.48,"body":"would say if you enjoy the high"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":312.42,"endTime":318.48,"body":"level design, I really our first"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":318.48,"endTime":320.97,"body":"few classes in engineering and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":318.48,"endTime":320.97,"body":"the next sort of our ladder"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":320.97,"endTime":324.63,"body":"classes and engineering work,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":320.97,"endTime":324.63,"body":"designing classes, shop classes,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":324.63,"endTime":328.14,"body":"we all made, no, we all got into"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":324.63,"endTime":328.14,"body":"the shop and worked on the lathe"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":328.14,"endTime":332.88,"body":"and worked on the drill press,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":328.14,"endTime":332.88,"body":"those were fun classes for me, I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":332.88,"endTime":337.98,"body":"had a good time with those, if"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":332.88,"endTime":337.98,"body":"you like, a high level design, I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":337.98,"endTime":341.13,"body":"think that's a sign that you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":337.98,"endTime":341.13,"body":"know, engineering is great, it's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":341.13,"endTime":342.84,"body":"something that you're skilled at"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":341.13,"endTime":342.84,"body":"is something you have an"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":342.84,"endTime":346.53,"body":"interest in. But once you, you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":342.84,"endTime":346.53,"body":"know, you're boiling down to the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":346.53,"endTime":349.71,"body":"sheer strength of a bolt, maybe"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":346.53,"endTime":349.71,"body":"you're, you've you've lost"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":349.71,"endTime":353.52,"body":"interest that that's a sign that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":349.71,"endTime":353.52,"body":"nobody has a passion for"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":354.06,"endTime":356.79,"body":"intellectual property law."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":354.06,"endTime":356.79,"body":"Nobody knows what intellectual"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":356.79,"endTime":361.23,"body":"property law is as a high school"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":356.79,"endTime":361.23,"body":"or college student. But if you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":361.23,"endTime":364.11,"body":"have an interest in how"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":361.23,"endTime":364.11,"body":"businesses work, or how"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":364.11,"endTime":368.97,"body":"businesses start, and how"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":364.11,"endTime":368.97,"body":"businesses start and, and gain"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":368.97,"endTime":373.23,"body":"access to capital, how they make"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":368.97,"endTime":373.23,"body":"themselves more valuable or more"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":373.23,"endTime":380.43,"body":"attractive to investing. If you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":373.23,"endTime":380.43,"body":"like Shark Tank, I mean, Shark"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":380.43,"endTime":385.53,"body":"Tank is it's kind of a canned"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":380.43,"endTime":385.53,"body":"show. But it's it's they're all"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":385.53,"endTime":389.94,"body":"real. Although edited, they're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":385.53,"endTime":389.94,"body":"all real stories of people who"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":390.18,"endTime":393.12,"body":"add an idea got motivated, did"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":390.18,"endTime":393.12,"body":"something with it, or at least"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":393.12,"endTime":396.18,"body":"tried to do something with it."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":393.12,"endTime":396.18,"body":"If those kinds of stories excite"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":396.18,"endTime":399.93,"body":"you. That's that's I mean,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":396.18,"endTime":399.93,"body":"that's a that dovetails into"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":399.96,"endTime":402.96,"body":"into patent laws. So by work"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":399.96,"endTime":402.96,"body":"with those kinds of people all"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":402.96,"endTime":403.47,"body":"the time."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":405.18,"endTime":407.85,"body":"You mentioned that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":405.18,"endTime":407.85,"body":"in school, you really enjoyed"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":407.85,"endTime":411.24,"body":"the classes where you got to"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":407.85,"endTime":411.24,"body":"design or create or build"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":411.24,"endTime":415.83,"body":"something. As far as I know,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":411.24,"endTime":415.83,"body":"patent attorneys are not"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":415.83,"endTime":419.19,"body":"spending much time actually"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":415.83,"endTime":419.19,"body":"designing or building anything."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":419.19,"endTime":425.13,"body":"But is there some aspect of"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":419.19,"endTime":425.13,"body":"that, that creation process that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":425.13,"endTime":427.02,"body":"you still feel like you're a"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":425.13,"endTime":427.02,"body":"part of?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":427.86,"endTime":431.43,"body":"Oh, yeah,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":427.86,"endTime":431.43,"body":"absolutely. So as a kid I used"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":431.43,"endTime":433.92,"body":"to fantasize about, you know,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":431.43,"endTime":433.92,"body":"building the impenetrable"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":433.92,"endTime":436.05,"body":"castle. And that's, I mean,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":433.92,"endTime":436.05,"body":"that's kind of what a patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":436.05,"endTime":439.14,"body":"attorney does. You think about"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":436.05,"endTime":439.14,"body":"the core product or the core"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":439.14,"endTime":442.86,"body":"idea ever, the inventors"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":439.14,"endTime":442.86,"body":"presented to you for that might"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":442.86,"endTime":447.45,"body":"be building a portfolio of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":442.86,"endTime":447.45,"body":"patents a fence around an idea"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":447.48,"endTime":450.3,"body":"and figuring out what's the best"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":447.48,"endTime":450.3,"body":"way to structure this"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":450.3,"endTime":454.56,"body":"protection. And there's still"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":450.3,"endTime":454.56,"body":"just creativity and you've got"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":454.56,"endTime":456.69,"body":"to be able to talk with the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":454.56,"endTime":456.69,"body":"inventor, you still got to be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":456.69,"endTime":461.67,"body":"able to be able to have a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":456.69,"endTime":461.67,"body":"discussion with the inventor,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":461.97,"endTime":466.05,"body":"who may be No, maybe a chief"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":461.97,"endTime":466.05,"body":"technical officer, but maybe a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":466.05,"endTime":468.6,"body":"garage inventor, maybe somebody"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":466.05,"endTime":468.6,"body":"who's been doing this for 20"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":468.6,"endTime":472.08,"body":"years and working on this one"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":468.6,"endTime":472.08,"body":"part. So you've got to be able"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":472.08,"endTime":473.58,"body":"to talk that language as well."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":474.21,"endTime":478.92,"body":"Yeah. Correct me"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":474.21,"endTime":478.92,"body":"if I'm wrong, but you made the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":478.92,"endTime":483.42,"body":"jump to going into business for"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":478.92,"endTime":483.42,"body":"yourself not too long after"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":483.42,"endTime":486.84,"body":"graduating, maybe, I don't know,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":483.42,"endTime":486.84,"body":"three or four years or something"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":486.84,"endTime":488.37,"body":"like that. Is that Is that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":486.84,"endTime":488.37,"body":"accurate?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":489.21,"endTime":491.7,"body":"Yeah, it was a jump"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":489.21,"endTime":491.7,"body":"that was forced upon me. Yeah,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":491.7,"endTime":497.07,"body":"you bet. Yeah, I, I graduated"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":491.7,"endTime":497.07,"body":"from law school. And then I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":497.07,"endTime":501.42,"body":"clerked at the court of appeals"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":497.07,"endTime":501.42,"body":"with a judge for about two"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":501.42,"endTime":507.21,"body":"years. And then I worked, I left"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":501.42,"endTime":507.21,"body":"that and I went to work for a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":507.21,"endTime":511.08,"body":"boutique, which is a small,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":507.21,"endTime":511.08,"body":"specialized intellectual"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":511.08,"endTime":515.64,"body":"property practice here in"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":511.08,"endTime":515.64,"body":"Phoenix. And then, and then the,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":516.69,"endTime":521.07,"body":"the meltdown came, the financial"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":516.69,"endTime":521.07,"body":"meltdown came in 2008. And I was"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":521.07,"endTime":525.75,"body":"laid off. And so for a while, I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":521.07,"endTime":525.75,"body":"just thought I thought about,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":525.75,"endTime":530.1,"body":"you know, 1520 30 different"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":525.75,"endTime":530.1,"body":"businesses that I could start."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":530.82,"endTime":533.55,"body":"Some of them probably"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":530.82,"endTime":533.55,"body":"reasonable, some pretty crazy."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":535.2,"endTime":538.32,"body":"And I kind of just kept coming"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":535.2,"endTime":538.32,"body":"back to well, I could always"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":538.47,"endTime":543.18,"body":"attempt to start my own firm."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":538.47,"endTime":543.18,"body":"And I started, I did, I started"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":543.18,"endTime":548.79,"body":"small. And I slowly, very slowly"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":543.18,"endTime":548.79,"body":"worked, worked my way up to a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":549.27,"endTime":553.8,"body":"good practice. So I never really"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":549.27,"endTime":553.8,"body":"intended to work for myself. I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":553.8,"endTime":556.89,"body":"never thought of myself as"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":553.8,"endTime":556.89,"body":"someone think of myself as an"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":556.89,"endTime":559.83,"body":"entrepreneur, but I probably fit"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":556.89,"endTime":559.83,"body":"that definition of somebody who"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":559.83,"endTime":563.49,"body":"has an idea and goes out and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":559.83,"endTime":563.49,"body":"starts starts their own"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":563.49,"endTime":569.4,"body":"business. But yeah, I took the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":563.49,"endTime":569.4,"body":"leap because I was running out"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":569.4,"endTime":570.63,"body":"of runway that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":570.66,"endTime":574.17,"body":"that sounds so"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":570.66,"endTime":574.17,"body":"familiar that story because I"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":574.17,"endTime":578.79,"body":"feel like my story is almost the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":574.17,"endTime":578.79,"body":"same I got laid off during the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":578.82,"endTime":583.71,"body":"the recession 2008 2009 thought"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":578.82,"endTime":583.71,"body":"about a bunch of completely"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":583.71,"endTime":588.24,"body":"different businesses. eventually"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":583.71,"endTime":588.24,"body":"went back to the idea I already"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":588.24,"endTime":591.66,"body":"have so much invested in"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":588.24,"endTime":591.66,"body":"engineering, why not just try"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":591.66,"endTime":595.83,"body":"that again. But for myself this"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":591.66,"endTime":595.83,"body":"time. The really interesting to"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":595.83,"endTime":599.67,"body":"hear someone else, I mean,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":595.83,"endTime":599.67,"body":"almost mirror, that same story."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":600.0,"endTime":604.11,"body":"And then you mentioned, I still"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":600.0,"endTime":604.11,"body":"don't feel like an entrepreneur."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":604.26,"endTime":608.64,"body":"It's funny, I felt the same way"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":604.26,"endTime":608.64,"body":"up until I don't know, a couple,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":608.64,"endTime":612.63,"body":"two or three years ago was when"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":608.64,"endTime":612.63,"body":"I first started feeling like an"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":612.63,"endTime":615.0,"body":"entrepreneur. I don't know"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":612.63,"endTime":615.0,"body":"exactly what changed. But it was"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":615.0,"endTime":618.15,"body":"interesting that, you know, for"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":615.0,"endTime":618.15,"body":"seven, eight years running my"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":618.15,"endTime":621.3,"body":"own company, even though like"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":618.15,"endTime":621.3,"body":"you said, I kind of checked all"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":621.3,"endTime":625.95,"body":"the boxes. Didn't feel like an"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":621.3,"endTime":625.95,"body":"entrepreneur. Anyway."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":627.45,"endTime":630.66,"body":"I'm trying to read"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":627.45,"endTime":630.66,"body":"we discussed before the book,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":630.66,"endTime":631.56,"body":"the E Myth."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":631.919,"endTime":634.649,"body":"I'm not sure if we"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":631.919,"endTime":634.649,"body":"have, but I am very familiar"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":634.649,"endTime":635.429,"body":"with that book."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":635.76,"endTime":638.85,"body":"Yeah, I mean,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":635.76,"endTime":638.85,"body":"that's, maybe maybe I'm wearing"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":638.85,"endTime":642.0,"body":"all the hats right now, the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":638.85,"endTime":642.0,"body":"engineer or the manager, or the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":642.39,"endTime":645.51,"body":"the entrepreneur, the manager or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":642.39,"endTime":645.51,"body":"the technician, you may you may"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":645.51,"endTime":648.93,"body":"only be wearing one of those. So"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":645.51,"endTime":648.93,"body":"maybe that's, maybe that's why"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":648.93,"endTime":651.18,"body":"you feel more like the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":648.93,"endTime":651.18,"body":"entrepreneur now."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":651.33,"endTime":653.55,"body":"That could be"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":651.33,"endTime":653.55,"body":"Yeah, there have been some"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":653.55,"endTime":657.03,"body":"really delightful changes that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":653.55,"endTime":657.03,"body":"pipeline that have allowed me to"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":657.06,"endTime":660.84,"body":"take a step back and focus more"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":657.06,"endTime":660.84,"body":"on the business not working in"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":660.84,"endTime":665.31,"body":"the business so much. That has"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":660.84,"endTime":665.31,"body":"been really nice. Let's talk"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":665.31,"endTime":671.49,"body":"about let's talk about patents."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":665.31,"endTime":671.49,"body":"What what needs to be true in"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":671.52,"endTime":674.07,"body":"order to patent an idea?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":674.82,"endTime":677.16,"body":"Oh, well, well,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":674.82,"endTime":677.16,"body":"nothing except that the Patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":677.16,"endTime":681.15,"body":"Office gives you the thumbs up."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":677.16,"endTime":681.15,"body":"That's That's it. That's sort of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":681.66,"endTime":687.06,"body":"something I say lightly. But"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":681.66,"endTime":687.06,"body":"it's also true that the patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":687.06,"endTime":691.29,"body":"office is the ultimate arbiter."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":687.06,"endTime":691.29,"body":"So sometimes clients come in and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":691.29,"endTime":694.11,"body":"say, Do you think this is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":691.29,"endTime":694.11,"body":"patentable? And I may say, well,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":694.14,"endTime":696.6,"body":"let's do a search, we run a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":694.14,"endTime":696.6,"body":"search, we find that we think"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":696.6,"endTime":699.75,"body":"it's patentable. But if you know"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":696.6,"endTime":699.75,"body":"the patent office doesn't"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":699.75,"endTime":702.96,"body":"eventually give you the thumbs"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":699.75,"endTime":702.96,"body":"up. It's it's by definition, not"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":702.96,"endTime":706.77,"body":"patentable. There's there are a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":702.96,"endTime":706.77,"body":"number of requirements for"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":706.77,"endTime":712.2,"body":"patentability. There are things"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":706.77,"endTime":712.2,"body":"that are the attorneys or the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":712.2,"endTime":714.6,"body":"the Patent Agent, whoever's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":712.2,"endTime":714.6,"body":"writing the application is the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":714.6,"endTime":719.22,"body":"responsibility of them to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":714.6,"endTime":719.22,"body":"adequately describe the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":719.22,"endTime":722.4,"body":"invention in enough detail. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":719.22,"endTime":722.4,"body":"then there are things that are"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":722.4,"endTime":725.46,"body":"sort of inherent in the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":722.4,"endTime":725.46,"body":"invention, we say it has to be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":725.46,"endTime":728.67,"body":"reduced to practice, which means"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":725.46,"endTime":728.67,"body":"you're capable of describing it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":728.67,"endTime":733.29,"body":"in enough detail that somebody"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":728.67,"endTime":733.29,"body":"who is skilled in whatever"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":733.29,"endTime":738.06,"body":"industry or art that it pertains"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":733.29,"endTime":738.06,"body":"to, would know how to go out and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":738.06,"endTime":747.3,"body":"make it and use it. And so that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":738.06,"endTime":747.3,"body":"is not a bright line rule that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":747.3,"endTime":751.23,"body":"you have to have a prototype."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":747.3,"endTime":751.23,"body":"But sometimes it means you need"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":751.23,"endTime":754.5,"body":"to have a prototype. Sometimes"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":751.23,"endTime":754.5,"body":"if it's a, an idea that's so"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":754.5,"endTime":758.43,"body":"simple, you can just scratch it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":754.5,"endTime":758.43,"body":"down on a napkin, or just keep"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":758.43,"endTime":761.73,"body":"it in your brain and convey it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":758.43,"endTime":761.73,"body":"to the draft, the drafting"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":761.73,"endTime":768.27,"body":"attorney or the drafting agent."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":761.73,"endTime":768.27,"body":"And there's enough detail right"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":768.27,"endTime":771.75,"body":"there that they know how to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":768.27,"endTime":771.75,"body":"write the application submitted."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":771.75,"endTime":774.72,"body":"So there won't be any issues"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":771.75,"endTime":774.72,"body":"with the patent office. With"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":774.72,"endTime":777.81,"body":"more complex inventions, you may"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":774.72,"endTime":777.81,"body":"have to develop a prototype, you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":777.81,"endTime":780.18,"body":"need to know what all the parts"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":777.81,"endTime":780.18,"body":"are and how the parts work. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":780.18,"endTime":783.57,"body":"then oftentimes, you will"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":780.18,"endTime":783.57,"body":"develop a prototype and find out"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":783.57,"endTime":787.5,"body":"that your your first idea isn't"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":783.57,"endTime":787.5,"body":"going to cut it and there has to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":787.5,"endTime":792.51,"body":"be a refinement or there have to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":787.5,"endTime":792.51,"body":"be several refinements. And so"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":792.54,"endTime":797.46,"body":"there's value in the prototyping"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":792.54,"endTime":797.46,"body":"that to say the three main"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":797.46,"endTime":802.71,"body":"requirements are utility"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":797.46,"endTime":802.71,"body":"novelty, and non obviousness"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":802.71,"endTime":805.5,"body":"meant utility. Most things if"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":802.71,"endTime":805.5,"body":"they're tangible will have"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":805.5,"endTime":811.41,"body":"utility. Utility just means that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":805.5,"endTime":811.41,"body":"the item or the article, or the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":811.41,"endTime":815.52,"body":"idea works for its intended"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":811.41,"endTime":815.52,"body":"purpose. It does something"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":815.55,"endTime":817.71,"body":"doesn't necessarily have to do"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":815.55,"endTime":817.71,"body":"it well, but it has to do"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":817.71,"endTime":823.89,"body":"something. Novelty and non"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":817.71,"endTime":823.89,"body":"obviousness are two requirements"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":823.89,"endTime":827.94,"body":"for the question of visit New."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":823.89,"endTime":827.94,"body":"This is where a lot of clients"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":827.94,"endTime":831.96,"body":"get get caught up in vectors"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":827.94,"endTime":831.96,"body":"think I've come up with an idea"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":831.99,"endTime":836.1,"body":"and there's nothing else like"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":831.99,"endTime":836.1,"body":"it. That's sort of the cliched"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":836.1,"endTime":840.57,"body":"lawn, there's nothing else like"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":836.1,"endTime":840.57,"body":"it. Nothing else like it is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":840.57,"endTime":844.32,"body":"another way of asking is it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":840.57,"endTime":844.32,"body":"novel? And all novelty is is a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":844.32,"endTime":847.29,"body":"one to one comparison, what is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":844.32,"endTime":847.29,"body":"your invention? And is there a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":847.29,"endTime":853.14,"body":"single other item, or patent or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":847.29,"endTime":853.14,"body":"patent application? Or a journal"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":853.14,"endTime":857.1,"body":"article or product on Amazon or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":853.14,"endTime":857.1,"body":"something that came before you,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":857.13,"endTime":862.53,"body":"which is identical to what"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":857.13,"endTime":862.53,"body":"you've come up with? And that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":862.53,"endTime":866.73,"body":"question is usually fairly"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":862.53,"endTime":866.73,"body":"simple to answer. We can answer"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":866.73,"endTime":870.36,"body":"with a search, we can answer the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":866.73,"endTime":870.36,"body":"patent search. Oftentimes, the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":870.36,"endTime":873.18,"body":"inventor has done that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":870.36,"endTime":873.18,"body":"themselves. And they come in and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":873.18,"endTime":876.15,"body":"say there's nothing like it."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":873.18,"endTime":876.15,"body":"That's only half of the question"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":876.15,"endTime":879.93,"body":"of is it new, though the other"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":876.15,"endTime":879.93,"body":"half is non obviousness. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":879.93,"endTime":884.79,"body":"well, while novelty is one to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":879.93,"endTime":884.79,"body":"one. non obvious is one to many."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":884.88,"endTime":888.84,"body":"So you take the idea that you've"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":884.88,"endTime":888.84,"body":"got as embodied in the patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":888.84,"endTime":894.06,"body":"application, and you look to see"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":888.84,"endTime":894.06,"body":"are there other elements are"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":894.06,"endTime":898.14,"body":"there other elements of your"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":894.06,"endTime":898.14,"body":"invention in one or more pieces"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":898.14,"endTime":902.07,"body":"of will be called prior art"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":898.14,"endTime":902.07,"body":"prior are all the things that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":902.07,"endTime":904.29,"body":"came before you whether they're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":902.07,"endTime":904.29,"body":"articles or whether they're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":904.32,"endTime":906.54,"body":"products or whether they're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":904.32,"endTime":906.54,"body":"publications or whether they're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":906.54,"endTime":910.62,"body":"patent applications. But the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":906.54,"endTime":910.62,"body":"patent office, when you file an"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":910.62,"endTime":915.75,"body":"application will look at your"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":910.62,"endTime":915.75,"body":"invention and say, Well, we"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":915.75,"endTime":921.27,"body":"found a reference, it's a patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":915.75,"endTime":921.27,"body":"from 1963. It discloses parts A,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":921.27,"endTime":924.45,"body":"B, and C of your invention. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":921.27,"endTime":924.45,"body":"then we found another product"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":924.57,"endTime":928.02,"body":"from five years ago, and it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":924.57,"endTime":928.02,"body":"discloses parts D and E. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":928.02,"endTime":931.2,"body":"then we found another journal"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":928.02,"endTime":931.2,"body":"article from three years ago,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":931.2,"endTime":934.89,"body":"and it discloses parts f and g,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":931.2,"endTime":934.89,"body":"we can take all of those"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":934.89,"endTime":938.16,"body":"individual parts and combine"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":934.89,"endTime":938.16,"body":"them and build your invention."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":938.49,"endTime":942.06,"body":"And when the office does that,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":938.49,"endTime":942.06,"body":"your invention is obvious. It's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":942.12,"endTime":946.35,"body":"obvious in light of a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":942.12,"endTime":946.35,"body":"combination of references. So"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":946.35,"endTime":950.49,"body":"that's a much more difficult."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":946.35,"endTime":950.49,"body":"It's a much more difficult"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":950.49,"endTime":955.05,"body":"rejection to foresee, both for"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":950.49,"endTime":955.05,"body":"the attorney and the inventor."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":955.53,"endTime":958.65,"body":"But novelty is half the question"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":955.53,"endTime":958.65,"body":"non obvious is the other half of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":958.65,"endTime":962.34,"body":"that. Is it new question? It's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":958.65,"endTime":962.34,"body":"not just about, there's nothing"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":962.34,"endTime":962.97,"body":"else like it."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":964.139,"endTime":966.269,"body":"That's a really"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":964.139,"endTime":966.269,"body":"good way of explaining it. I"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":966.269,"endTime":970.469,"body":"don't think I've heard the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":966.269,"endTime":970.469,"body":"novelty is one to one non"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":970.499,"endTime":973.199,"body":"obvious is one too many"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":970.499,"endTime":973.199,"body":"explanation before but that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":973.199,"endTime":978.689,"body":"really clears it up. Thank you"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":973.199,"endTime":978.689,"body":"for that. Yeah. Can you talk"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":978.689,"endTime":982.049,"body":"just really briefly, what is the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":978.689,"endTime":982.049,"body":"difference between a design and"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":982.049,"endTime":985.439,"body":"a utility patent? And why would"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":982.049,"endTime":985.439,"body":"someone choose one over the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":985.439,"endTime":987.689,"body":"other? Yeah, so"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":987.72,"endTime":990.78,"body":"Patents protect"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":987.72,"endTime":990.78,"body":"functional items. Anything"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":990.78,"endTime":996.66,"body":"again, that does something."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":990.78,"endTime":996.66,"body":"utility patent protects the way"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":996.66,"endTime":1001.4,"body":"that a function IDL sorry,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":996.66,"endTime":1001.4,"body":"functional item works, or is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1001.4,"endTime":1008.93,"body":"built or structured, what parts"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1001.4,"endTime":1008.93,"body":"it has. The the the design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1008.93,"endTime":1011.33,"body":"patent protects a functional"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1008.93,"endTime":1011.33,"body":"item, but protects the way it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1011.33,"endTime":1016.07,"body":"looks. So it's the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1011.33,"endTime":1016.07,"body":"ornamentation, the first surface"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1016.07,"endTime":1020.87,"body":"treatment, maybe the particular"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1016.07,"endTime":1020.87,"body":"shape. So if you think about"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1021.11,"endTime":1024.83,"body":"sort of a quintessential Coke"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1021.11,"endTime":1024.83,"body":"bottle, glass Coke bottle, we"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1024.83,"endTime":1027.86,"body":"all know what that shape looks"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1024.83,"endTime":1027.86,"body":"like. We can all picture that in"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1027.86,"endTime":1031.04,"body":"our mind, it has an hourglass"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1027.86,"endTime":1031.04,"body":"shape, and it has certain"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1031.04,"endTime":1036.14,"body":"curves. The look that's in your"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1031.04,"endTime":1036.14,"body":"mind would be protected by"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1036.14,"endTime":1042.05,"body":"design patterned while the fact"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1036.14,"endTime":1042.05,"body":"that the coke bottle has a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1042.05,"endTime":1047.09,"body":"continuous sidewall and a bottom"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1042.05,"endTime":1047.09,"body":"wall, an open mouth, a neck, all"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1047.09,"endTime":1049.61,"body":"those parts and those parts are"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1047.09,"endTime":1049.61,"body":"structured and arranged with"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1049.61,"endTime":1052.76,"body":"respect to each other. That"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1049.61,"endTime":1052.76,"body":"would be a utility patent, how"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1052.76,"endTime":1054.95,"body":"the thing actually is put"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1052.76,"endTime":1054.95,"body":"together and works and what it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1054.95,"endTime":1061.61,"body":"does, it holds a liquid. I'm a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1054.95,"endTime":1061.61,"body":"utility patent is I'm going to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1061.61,"endTime":1065.15,"body":"speak in generalities. But a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1061.61,"endTime":1065.15,"body":"utility patent is typically"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1065.15,"endTime":1070.01,"body":"going to be broader protection."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1065.15,"endTime":1070.01,"body":"If the thing is new, you may be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1070.01,"endTime":1073.13,"body":"able to get better broader"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1070.01,"endTime":1073.13,"body":"protection with utility patent."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1074.75,"endTime":1077.96,"body":"If if your device is not new,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1074.75,"endTime":1077.96,"body":"let's say you come up with a new"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1077.96,"endTime":1082.49,"body":"kind of bottle for holding"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1077.96,"endTime":1082.49,"body":"holding soda. Put it only looks"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1082.49,"endTime":1085.28,"body":"differently, it still has a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1082.49,"endTime":1085.28,"body":"sidewall so it has a bottom"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1085.28,"endTime":1087.68,"body":"wall. So it has an open mouth"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1085.28,"endTime":1087.68,"body":"and index just like a coke"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1087.68,"endTime":1090.89,"body":"bottle does. That's not going to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1087.68,"endTime":1090.89,"body":"be patentable on the utility"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1090.89,"endTime":1094.43,"body":"side, because it's not novel."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1090.89,"endTime":1094.43,"body":"It's not it's not non obvious."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1095.63,"endTime":1098.69,"body":"And so you may lean on a design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1095.63,"endTime":1098.69,"body":"patent. Well, it doesn't have"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1098.72,"endTime":1101.27,"body":"new function, but it does have a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1098.72,"endTime":1101.27,"body":"new look, it has a new"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1101.27,"endTime":1107.96,"body":"aesthetic. And a design patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1101.27,"endTime":1107.96,"body":"will be cheap, generally"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1107.96,"endTime":1112.73,"body":"cheaper, generally faster to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1107.96,"endTime":1112.73,"body":"obtain. There aren't maintenance"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1112.73,"endTime":1115.46,"body":"fees required with a design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1112.73,"endTime":1115.46,"body":"patent as there are with a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1115.46,"endTime":1120.53,"body":"utility patent. But a design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1115.46,"endTime":1120.53,"body":"patent is much, much more"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1120.53,"endTime":1123.83,"body":"narrow, it's much more limited"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1120.53,"endTime":1123.83,"body":"in its protection, it it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1123.83,"endTime":1129.44,"body":"consists mainly of drawings of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1123.83,"endTime":1129.44,"body":"what your design looks like. And"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1129.44,"endTime":1132.2,"body":"the protection really doesn't"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1129.44,"endTime":1132.2,"body":"skew far from what those"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1132.2,"endTime":1137.75,"body":"drawings look present. So if"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1132.2,"endTime":1137.75,"body":"you, you make you make enough of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1137.75,"endTime":1141.08,"body":"a change, and a competitor may"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1137.75,"endTime":1141.08,"body":"get around your design pattern."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1141.08,"endTime":1145.58,"body":"So what happens is you may file"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1141.08,"endTime":1145.58,"body":"three or four utility patents on"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1145.58,"endTime":1148.79,"body":"a design, you may file 10 design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1145.58,"endTime":1148.79,"body":"patterns to cover all the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1148.79,"endTime":1149.96,"body":"different permutations."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1193.8600000000001,"endTime":1199.1100000000001,"body":"Hmm. Okay, that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1193.8600000000001,"endTime":1199.1100000000001,"body":"makes sense. What, generally"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1199.1100000000001,"endTime":1202.95,"body":"speaking, and this is probably a"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1199.1100000000001,"endTime":1202.95,"body":"really broad range, but is there"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1202.98,"endTime":1206.76,"body":"kind of a general rule of thumb"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1202.98,"endTime":1206.76,"body":"for what I should expect to pay"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1206.76,"endTime":1211.47,"body":"for a patent for you know,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1206.76,"endTime":1211.47,"body":"utility and design patent?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1212.3990000000001,"endTime":1215.909,"body":"Yeah. I have heard"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1212.3990000000001,"endTime":1215.909,"body":"numbers all over the place over"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1215.909,"endTime":1220.949,"body":"the years. I usually tell people"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1215.909,"endTime":1220.949,"body":"on a utility patent look, look"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1220.949,"endTime":1225.929,"body":"to spend between about 10 to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1220.949,"endTime":1225.929,"body":"$15,000 and that is start to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1225.929,"endTime":1231.419,"body":"finish generally start to fall"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1225.929,"endTime":1231.419,"body":"again on generalities only. That"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1231.419,"endTime":1235.049,"body":"is that is a start to finish"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1231.419,"endTime":1235.049,"body":"number you're going to spend"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1235.049,"endTime":1240.449,"body":"most of your money and maybe"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1235.049,"endTime":1240.449,"body":"probably under $10,000 to do the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1240.449,"endTime":1244.979,"body":"work involved in preparing the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1240.449,"endTime":1244.979,"body":"application and find Elina. So"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1244.979,"endTime":1248.429,"body":"that may take a month, it may"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1244.979,"endTime":1248.429,"body":"take two months of meetings with"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1248.429,"endTime":1251.0990000000002,"body":"the attorney, the attorney"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1248.429,"endTime":1251.0990000000002,"body":"drafting it, the attorney"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1251.0990000000002,"endTime":1255.539,"body":"preparing the drawings, getting"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1251.0990000000002,"endTime":1255.539,"body":"all the accompanying documents"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1255.539,"endTime":1259.529,"body":"ready, and then filing the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1255.539,"endTime":1259.529,"body":"application, once it's filed,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1260.519,"endTime":1263.249,"body":"the application will be received"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1260.519,"endTime":1263.249,"body":"by the patent office and then"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1263.249,"endTime":1266.519,"body":"basically sit unless you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1263.249,"endTime":1266.519,"body":"expedite the application, it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1266.519,"endTime":1270.809,"body":"sits for six months a year,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1266.519,"endTime":1270.809,"body":"sometimes a year and a half or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1270.809,"endTime":1275.039,"body":"two years, the application will"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1270.809,"endTime":1275.039,"body":"sit until it rises to the top of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1275.039,"endTime":1277.499,"body":"the pile on the examiner's desk,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1275.039,"endTime":1277.499,"body":"the examiner will begin to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1277.499,"endTime":1281.249,"body":"examine it. And they'll usually"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1277.499,"endTime":1281.249,"body":"issue of rejection. And then the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1281.249,"endTime":1285.179,"body":"rejection initiates the sort of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1281.249,"endTime":1285.179,"body":"the second phase of fees, you've"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1285.179,"endTime":1288.8990000000001,"body":"now are an examination or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1285.179,"endTime":1288.8990000000001,"body":"prosecution of that application."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1289.3490000000002,"endTime":1291.959,"body":"And then it's a back and forth"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1289.3490000000002,"endTime":1291.959,"body":"communication, you're going back"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1291.959,"endTime":1294.929,"body":"and forth with the patent office"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1291.959,"endTime":1294.929,"body":"and a series of responses and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1294.929,"endTime":1298.169,"body":"rejections and response and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1294.929,"endTime":1298.169,"body":"rejection. And so fees are"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1298.169,"endTime":1302.069,"body":"incurred at that time, and you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1298.169,"endTime":1302.069,"body":"may spend, you know, $1,000,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1302.069,"endTime":1306.329,"body":"maybe $5,000 in that back and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1302.069,"endTime":1306.329,"body":"forth with the patent office."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1306.689,"endTime":1309.059,"body":"And if you're successful in then"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1306.689,"endTime":1309.059,"body":"it ends with a Notice of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1309.059,"endTime":1313.1390000000001,"body":"Allowance and an issuance of the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1309.059,"endTime":1313.1390000000001,"body":"patent. So that that 10 to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1313.1390000000001,"endTime":1318.1190000000001,"body":"$15,000 range. It's a big"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1313.1390000000001,"endTime":1318.1190000000001,"body":"number, it is generally spread"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1318.1190000000001,"endTime":1322.019,"body":"out over at least a year,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1318.1190000000001,"endTime":1322.019,"body":"sometimes three years, sometimes"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1322.019,"endTime":1329.699,"body":"four years. On the design side,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1322.019,"endTime":1329.699,"body":"you know design kind of depends"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1329.699,"endTime":1333.8690000000001,"body":"on design application, but"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1329.699,"endTime":1333.8690000000001,"body":"you'll maybe five, maybe $5,000"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1333.8690000000001,"endTime":1339.479,"body":"in that range start to finish."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1333.8690000000001,"endTime":1339.479,"body":"If you're spending $20,000 on a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1339.479,"endTime":1342.479,"body":"design application, you're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1339.479,"endTime":1342.479,"body":"spending a lot of money unless"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1342.479,"endTime":1348.959,"body":"you have a bunch of designs or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1342.479,"endTime":1348.959,"body":"an application less than"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1348.959,"endTime":1352.1090000000002,"body":"$10,000, probably $5,000 or less"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1348.959,"endTime":1352.1090000000002,"body":"on a design."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1352.5,"endTime":1355.3500000000001,"body":"Okay. And once you"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1352.5,"endTime":1355.3500000000001,"body":"actually have the patent,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1355.3500000000001,"endTime":1358.8,"body":"whether it be a design or"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1355.3500000000001,"endTime":1358.8,"body":"utility patent, what what legal"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1358.8,"endTime":1361.3500000000001,"body":"protection does that grant you?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1362.55,"endTime":1366.6000000000001,"body":"Yeah, so the the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1362.55,"endTime":1366.6000000000001,"body":"once you have the patent, you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1366.6000000000001,"endTime":1370.38,"body":"have a set of exclusive rights"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1366.6000000000001,"endTime":1370.38,"body":"and exclusive means the right to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1370.38,"endTime":1376.23,"body":"exclude, you can prevent other"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1370.38,"endTime":1376.23,"body":"people from making it making the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1376.3200000000002,"endTime":1381.5700000000002,"body":"claimed design or the claim"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1376.3200000000002,"endTime":1381.5700000000002,"body":"utility. Utility claims. So"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1381.5700000000002,"endTime":1385.95,"body":"making using selling offering"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1381.5700000000002,"endTime":1385.95,"body":"for sale or importing into the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1385.95,"endTime":1389.3400000000001,"body":"country. So patent rights are"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1385.95,"endTime":1389.3400000000001,"body":"territorial, they will only"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1389.3400000000001,"endTime":1394.3200000000002,"body":"cover the US, the US Patent will"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1389.3400000000001,"endTime":1394.3200000000002,"body":"only cover the US. But you can"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1394.3200000000002,"endTime":1397.98,"body":"stop anybody from making it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1394.3200000000002,"endTime":1397.98,"body":"using and selling it, offering"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1397.98,"endTime":1402.78,"body":"it for sale in the US or or or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1397.98,"endTime":1402.78,"body":"bringing it into the US. That's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1402.78,"endTime":1406.17,"body":"once the application is actually"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1402.78,"endTime":1406.17,"body":"issued as a patent before it's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1406.17,"endTime":1408.81,"body":"issued, you're in this patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1406.17,"endTime":1408.81,"body":"pending status. And you really"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1408.81,"endTime":1412.0800000000002,"body":"don't have many rights at all,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1408.81,"endTime":1412.0800000000002,"body":"except the ability to send a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1412.0800000000002,"endTime":1414.63,"body":"cease and desist letter and tell"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1412.0800000000002,"endTime":1414.63,"body":"somebody is patent pending."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1416.97,"endTime":1419.73,"body":"How long does the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1416.97,"endTime":1419.73,"body":"patent pending period typically"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1419.73,"endTime":1420.21,"body":"take"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1421.1100000000001,"endTime":1425.5800000000002,"body":"on a design patent?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1421.1100000000001,"endTime":1425.5800000000002,"body":"You know, usually, it's been"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1425.5800000000002,"endTime":1428.16,"body":"growing lately, a design patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1425.5800000000002,"endTime":1428.16,"body":"application from the day you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1428.16,"endTime":1431.8200000000002,"body":"file will usually be about a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1428.16,"endTime":1431.8200000000002,"body":"year, maybe a year and a half"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1431.8200000000002,"endTime":1435.81,"body":"until it issues that's fairly"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1431.8200000000002,"endTime":1435.81,"body":"streamlined. If maybe there's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1435.81,"endTime":1438.39,"body":"one issue that arises if there's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1435.81,"endTime":1438.39,"body":"if there are no issues, you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1438.39,"endTime":1444.8700000000001,"body":"might have a patent, a design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1438.39,"endTime":1444.8700000000001,"body":"patent grant and as a year. In"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1444.8700000000001,"endTime":1448.47,"body":"the past week, I filed three"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1444.8700000000001,"endTime":1448.47,"body":"design patents on expedited"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1448.47,"endTime":1451.38,"body":"status, and those are supposed"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1448.47,"endTime":1451.38,"body":"to take about a month to two"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1451.38,"endTime":1455.1000000000001,"body":"months. So those are very"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1451.38,"endTime":1455.1000000000001,"body":"snappy. There's, of course a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1455.1000000000001,"endTime":1459.93,"body":"cost associated with that at the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1455.1000000000001,"endTime":1459.93,"body":"patent office. On the utility"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1459.93,"endTime":1464.91,"body":"patent side, you're usually"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1459.93,"endTime":1464.91,"body":"looking at one to three years"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1464.97,"endTime":1468.6000000000001,"body":"unless you expedite and if you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1464.97,"endTime":1468.6000000000001,"body":"expedite it may be maybe down to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1468.6000000000001,"endTime":1472.95,"body":"a year. Once they're issued a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1468.6000000000001,"endTime":1472.95,"body":"patent a utility patent will"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1472.95,"endTime":1477.0900000000001,"body":"last for 20 years from the day"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1472.95,"endTime":1477.0900000000001,"body":"it's filed. And so you may eat"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1477.0900000000001,"endTime":1481.71,"body":"up one or two or three years of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1477.0900000000001,"endTime":1481.71,"body":"your patent protection, just"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1481.71,"endTime":1485.01,"body":"while the application is pending"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1481.71,"endTime":1485.01,"body":"before it issues. On the design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1485.01,"endTime":1490.23,"body":"side. It's 15 years from the day"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1485.01,"endTime":1490.23,"body":"that design patent issues not"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1490.23,"endTime":1492.1200000000001,"body":"when it's filed. But when it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1490.23,"endTime":1492.1200000000001,"body":"actually issues."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1492.39,"endTime":1495.72,"body":"Oh, that's"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1492.39,"endTime":1495.72,"body":"interesting. What What's the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1495.72,"endTime":1498.75,"body":"additional costs to expedite"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1495.72,"endTime":1498.75,"body":"something I mean, it's an extra"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1498.75,"endTime":1501.63,"body":"like 5% or an extra 25%."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1502.14,"endTime":1504.9,"body":"On the Design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1502.14,"endTime":1504.9,"body":"patents sides. I typically work"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1504.9,"endTime":1508.3500000000001,"body":"with small entities. So the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1504.9,"endTime":1508.3500000000001,"body":"patent office charges, different"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1508.3500000000001,"endTime":1511.68,"body":"rates based on how large a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1508.3500000000001,"endTime":1511.68,"body":"company you are or a large"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1511.68,"endTime":1516.78,"body":"entity you are. So I typically"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1511.68,"endTime":1516.78,"body":"work with small entities or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1516.78,"endTime":1520.0800000000002,"body":"micro I don't have a lot of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1516.78,"endTime":1520.0800000000002,"body":"microns, but small entities are"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1520.98,"endTime":1523.53,"body":"businesses of 500 or less"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1520.98,"endTime":1523.53,"body":"employees generally. And there's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1523.53,"endTime":1526.41,"body":"a couple other rules but meets"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1523.53,"endTime":1526.41,"body":"the definition of a small"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1526.41,"endTime":1531.06,"body":"business, SBA. So if you're less"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1526.41,"endTime":1531.06,"body":"than 500 people, you're probably"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1531.06,"endTime":1534.63,"body":"gonna pay the small entity rate"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1531.06,"endTime":1534.63,"body":"with a design application. The"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1534.63,"endTime":1539.3700000000001,"body":"cost per expert is only $450."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1534.63,"endTime":1539.3700000000001,"body":"But there's an additional"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1539.3700000000001,"endTime":1544.23,"body":"qualification you have to submit"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1539.3700000000001,"endTime":1544.23,"body":"a call a pre exam search Which"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1544.23,"endTime":1546.8400000000001,"body":"means you're sort of doing some"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1544.23,"endTime":1546.8400000000001,"body":"of the work for the patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1546.8400000000001,"endTime":1549.5700000000002,"body":"office before the application is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1546.8400000000001,"endTime":1549.5700000000002,"body":"filed, you've gone out hired a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1549.5700000000002,"endTime":1552.3300000000002,"body":"searcher run a pretty"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1549.5700000000002,"endTime":1552.3300000000002,"body":"comprehensive search, and then"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1552.3300000000002,"endTime":1555.0,"body":"you're turning the results of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1552.3300000000002,"endTime":1555.0,"body":"that search over to the office"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1555.03,"endTime":1559.92,"body":"upon filing. So while the fee is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1555.03,"endTime":1559.92,"body":"foreign $50 with the government,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1559.95,"endTime":1564.3600000000001,"body":"the cost of that search can be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1559.95,"endTime":1564.3600000000001,"body":"expensive. So the searches I've"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1564.3600000000001,"endTime":1569.25,"body":"done lately are about $2,500. So"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1564.3600000000001,"endTime":1569.25,"body":"you're looking at about $3,000,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1569.28,"endTime":1573.0,"body":"in cost associated with"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1569.28,"endTime":1573.0,"body":"expediting a design application,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1573.3600000000001,"endTime":1581.16,"body":"okay. On the utility side, if"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1573.3600000000001,"endTime":1581.16,"body":"you're 65 years or older, or if"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1581.16,"endTime":1585.72,"body":"you have a terminal illness, you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1581.16,"endTime":1585.72,"body":"can expedite for free. It's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1585.72,"endTime":1589.1100000000001,"body":"called your file a petition to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1585.72,"endTime":1589.1100000000001,"body":"make special based on age or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1589.1100000000001,"endTime":1592.8300000000002,"body":"health. And those applications"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1589.1100000000001,"endTime":1592.8300000000002,"body":"get picked up pretty quickly,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1592.8300000000002,"endTime":1595.02,"body":"usually within about three"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1592.8300000000002,"endTime":1595.02,"body":"months after filing for"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1595.02,"endTime":1595.77,"body":"examination."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1595.8300000000002,"endTime":1598.02,"body":"Oh, interesting."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1595.8300000000002,"endTime":1598.02,"body":"Yeah."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1598.8600000000001,"endTime":1601.95,"body":"No client who's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1598.8600000000001,"endTime":1601.95,"body":"over 65 likes hearing that."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1603.39,"endTime":1607.1100000000001,"body":"That's why they usually sell"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1603.39,"endTime":1607.1100000000001,"body":"it's because I'm close to death,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1607.1100000000001,"endTime":1614.91,"body":"right? Uncle Sam, got to get you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1607.1100000000001,"endTime":1614.91,"body":"an answer. You can also expedite"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1614.91,"endTime":1619.74,"body":"it, if you don't be one of those"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1614.91,"endTime":1619.74,"body":"those those reasons to activate,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1619.74,"endTime":1624.27,"body":"you can you could pay expedite a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1619.74,"endTime":1624.27,"body":"utility application. And on the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1624.27,"endTime":1629.6100000000001,"body":"small entity side, that's a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1624.27,"endTime":1629.6100000000001,"body":"$2,000 fee, and you pay two"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1671.48,"endTime":1677.24,"body":"grand up front and the office"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1671.48,"endTime":1677.24,"body":"has set forth as it's a guide to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1677.24,"endTime":1682.76,"body":"get you either two rejections or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1677.24,"endTime":1682.76,"body":"an allowance within a year of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1682.76,"endTime":1688.9099999999999,"body":"your filing date. And I've done"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1682.76,"endTime":1688.9099999999999,"body":"a number of those. And, and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1688.9099999999999,"endTime":1691.61,"body":"every single one, we've met that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1688.9099999999999,"endTime":1691.61,"body":"one year deadline, except for"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1691.61,"endTime":1696.77,"body":"one, which was my second or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1691.61,"endTime":1696.77,"body":"third application, I filed under"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1696.77,"endTime":1701.03,"body":"that expedited track. And the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1696.77,"endTime":1701.03,"body":"examiner just sat and it took a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1701.03,"endTime":1703.9099999999999,"body":"year and a half. And the poor"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1701.03,"endTime":1703.9099999999999,"body":"client just thought Why did I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1703.9099999999999,"endTime":1707.75,"body":"pay this? This extra money? This"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1703.9099999999999,"endTime":1707.75,"body":"examiner is not not reviewing my"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1707.75,"endTime":1710.3,"body":"case quickly. But pretty"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1707.75,"endTime":1710.3,"body":"typically, you pay the extra"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1710.3,"endTime":1713.8999999999999,"body":"$2,000. And you'll have a pretty"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1710.3,"endTime":1713.8999999999999,"body":"good answer within within a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1713.8999999999999,"endTime":1714.29,"body":"year."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1715.94,"endTime":1722.6,"body":"Okay, okay. So"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1715.94,"endTime":1722.6,"body":"nothing, I mean, legally,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1722.6299999999999,"endTime":1725.81,"body":"someone is prevented from"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1722.6299999999999,"endTime":1725.81,"body":"infringing on my patent, but"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1725.84,"endTime":1728.12,"body":"they can still do it right."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1725.84,"endTime":1728.12,"body":"There's nothing physically"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1728.12,"endTime":1731.27,"body":"present preventing someone from"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1728.12,"endTime":1731.27,"body":"selling my product. What what"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1731.27,"endTime":1735.95,"body":"happens if I have a patent on"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1731.27,"endTime":1735.95,"body":"something? And company XYZ"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1736.04,"endTime":1740.75,"body":"decides what I'm just going to"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1736.04,"endTime":1740.75,"body":"sell the same thing? What kind"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1740.75,"endTime":1742.31,"body":"of recourse do I have?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1744.02,"endTime":1748.01,"body":"Yeah, so I'm not a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1744.02,"endTime":1748.01,"body":"litigator. So I can't speak too"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1748.01,"endTime":1751.3999999999999,"body":"closely on on some of the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1748.01,"endTime":1751.3999999999999,"body":"details. But typically, you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1751.3999999999999,"endTime":1755.12,"body":"start with a cease and desist"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1751.3999999999999,"endTime":1755.12,"body":"letter. They're cheap to fire"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1755.12,"endTime":1759.86,"body":"off, you hire an attorney,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1755.12,"endTime":1759.86,"body":"they'll do some research into"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1759.86,"endTime":1765.5,"body":"the hat that you have on the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1759.86,"endTime":1765.5,"body":"product. And then they'll look"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1765.5,"endTime":1768.4099999999999,"body":"to look at whatever the alleged"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1765.5,"endTime":1768.4099999999999,"body":"infringing product is, and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1768.4099999999999,"endTime":1770.69,"body":"decide if there may be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1768.4099999999999,"endTime":1770.69,"body":"infringement there. And if there"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1770.69,"endTime":1773.84,"body":"is, then you can send a cease"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1770.69,"endTime":1773.84,"body":"and desist letter. The cease and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1773.84,"endTime":1777.53,"body":"desist letters, usually just"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1773.84,"endTime":1777.53,"body":"that is asking them to stop."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1777.98,"endTime":1781.6399999999999,"body":"Occasionally, you'll send them"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1777.98,"endTime":1781.6399999999999,"body":"or I'll get them and ask for"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1781.6399999999999,"endTime":1784.28,"body":"damages. But those usually"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1781.6399999999999,"endTime":1784.28,"body":"don't, those usually don't"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1784.28,"endTime":1787.76,"body":"convert very well. So a cease"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1784.28,"endTime":1787.76,"body":"and desist letter is usually the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1787.76,"endTime":1794.3,"body":"first step. If it is a the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1787.76,"endTime":1794.3,"body":"sometimes you could send a cease"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1794.3,"endTime":1799.85,"body":"and desist letter to a retailer"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1794.3,"endTime":1799.85,"body":"or distributor. You may not send"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1799.85,"endTime":1803.09,"body":"it to the manufacturer, but you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1799.85,"endTime":1803.09,"body":"know that it's being sold, say"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1803.09,"endTime":1808.3999999999999,"body":"on Amazon. So you could send a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1803.09,"endTime":1808.3999999999999,"body":"letter to Amazon and sometimes"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1808.3999999999999,"endTime":1814.1,"body":"it depends, design patents I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1808.3999999999999,"endTime":1814.1,"body":"find are more enforceable, or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1814.1,"endTime":1817.22,"body":"quote unquote, enforceable or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1814.1,"endTime":1817.22,"body":"more likely to get a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1817.22,"endTime":1821.45,"body":"competitor's infringing listing"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1817.22,"endTime":1821.45,"body":"taken down, then a utility"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1821.45,"endTime":1825.23,"body":"patent is but sometimes you can"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1821.45,"endTime":1825.23,"body":"reach out to that that third"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1825.23,"endTime":1828.74,"body":"party host or that third party"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1825.23,"endTime":1828.74,"body":"seller and ask them to take it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1828.74,"endTime":1835.9099999999999,"body":"down and they will and you're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1828.74,"endTime":1835.9099999999999,"body":"achieving the same effect. Short"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1835.9099999999999,"endTime":1841.79,"body":"of that you're looking at maybe"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1835.9099999999999,"endTime":1841.79,"body":"a lawsuit for damages or an"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1841.79,"endTime":1845.72,"body":"injunction that requires them to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1841.79,"endTime":1845.72,"body":"stop selling. And I don't handle"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1845.72,"endTime":1849.44,"body":"that at all. I'm not a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1845.72,"endTime":1849.44,"body":"litigator. But but if you do"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1849.44,"endTime":1852.56,"body":"that you're then you're getting"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1849.44,"endTime":1852.56,"body":"into pretty serious money."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1853.97,"endTime":1856.49,"body":"Okay, okay. So the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1853.97,"endTime":1856.49,"body":"patent attorney is not the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1856.49,"endTime":1859.97,"body":"person who would defend your"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1856.49,"endTime":1859.97,"body":"patent, should you get into that"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1859.97,"endTime":1860.9299999999998,"body":"kind of situation."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1861.559,"endTime":1864.589,"body":"Usually, a patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1861.559,"endTime":1864.589,"body":"attorney is sort of known to be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1864.589,"endTime":1868.879,"body":"the patent prosecutor, which"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1864.589,"endTime":1868.879,"body":"means they prosecute they they"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1868.879,"endTime":1872.6589999999999,"body":"file and they work with the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1868.879,"endTime":1872.6589999999999,"body":"patent office in the examination"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1872.6589999999999,"endTime":1877.789,"body":"of your application to get a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1872.6589999999999,"endTime":1877.789,"body":"patent on a pan litigators is is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1877.789,"endTime":1880.249,"body":"the attorney on the other end of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1877.789,"endTime":1880.249,"body":"the process once there is a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1880.249,"endTime":1883.099,"body":"patent issued, and it needs to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1880.249,"endTime":1883.099,"body":"be enforced."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1883.3999999999999,"endTime":1887.24,"body":"Got it. That makes"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1883.3999999999999,"endTime":1887.24,"body":"sense Can you speak a little bit"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1887.24,"endTime":1890.99,"body":"to what does it mean first to"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1887.24,"endTime":1890.99,"body":"file? And how can businesses"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":1890.99,"endTime":1892.6699999999998,"body":"take advantage of that concept?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1893.21,"endTime":1896.0,"body":"Yeah, first file,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1893.21,"endTime":1896.0,"body":"there was a lot of talk about"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1896.0,"endTime":1899.81,"body":"that a few years ago. So we used"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1896.0,"endTime":1899.81,"body":"to be, America used to be a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1899.81,"endTime":1906.08,"body":"first to invent system where,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1899.81,"endTime":1906.08,"body":"regardless of when you filed"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1906.11,"endTime":1909.26,"body":"generally, regardless of when"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1906.11,"endTime":1909.26,"body":"you filed a patent application,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1909.26,"endTime":1912.6799999999998,"body":"if you could show that you were"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1909.26,"endTime":1912.6799999999998,"body":"the first person to invent it,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1913.79,"endTime":1917.1499999999999,"body":"the application or the patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1913.79,"endTime":1917.1499999999999,"body":"would be awarded to you. We were"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1917.1499999999999,"endTime":1921.59,"body":"pretty unique in the world. We"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1917.1499999999999,"endTime":1921.59,"body":"were unique. Nobody else had"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1921.59,"endTime":1925.07,"body":"that system, we came into"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1921.59,"endTime":1925.07,"body":"conformance or somewhat"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1925.07,"endTime":1928.34,"body":"conformance with the rest of the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1925.07,"endTime":1928.34,"body":"world by adopting not quite a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1928.34,"endTime":1932.3,"body":"first file, but a first inventor"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1928.34,"endTime":1932.3,"body":"to file system. So most"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1932.3,"endTime":1934.61,"body":"countries around the world at"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1932.3,"endTime":1934.61,"body":"first a file system, which means"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1934.61,"endTime":1937.6399999999999,"body":"it's a race to the patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1934.61,"endTime":1937.6399999999999,"body":"office, and whoever files first"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1938.1499999999999,"endTime":1941.4199999999998,"body":"gets the patent so long,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1938.1499999999999,"endTime":1941.4199999999998,"body":"assuming that the examination"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1941.45,"endTime":1946.52,"body":"was successful. In the US, it is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1941.45,"endTime":1946.52,"body":"first inventor to file which"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1946.52,"endTime":1953.09,"body":"means if you are the first"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1946.52,"endTime":1953.09,"body":"person to file on an idea, and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1953.12,"endTime":1956.57,"body":"you actually invented that idea,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1953.12,"endTime":1956.57,"body":"meaning you didn't derive it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1956.57,"endTime":1959.9299999999998,"body":"from somebody else, or derive it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1956.57,"endTime":1959.9299999999998,"body":"from somebody filed later than"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1959.9299999999998,"endTime":1964.22,"body":"you, then than the priority goes"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1959.9299999999998,"endTime":1964.22,"body":"to you, you will be the one who"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1965.3899999999999,"endTime":1968.6599999999999,"body":"has the privilege of of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1965.3899999999999,"endTime":1968.6599999999999,"body":"prosecuting that application"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1968.6599999999999,"endTime":1974.84,"body":"through to to grant. And so what"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1968.6599999999999,"endTime":1974.84,"body":"it did was, it created a rush, I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1974.84,"endTime":1977.51,"body":"mean, it's a race to the patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1974.84,"endTime":1977.51,"body":"office now, because you want to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1977.51,"endTime":1981.47,"body":"make sure you're the first one"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1977.51,"endTime":1981.47,"body":"to get the application. And I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1981.47,"endTime":1984.98,"body":"think I said earlier, utility"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1981.47,"endTime":1984.98,"body":"applications can take a while to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1984.98,"endTime":1987.86,"body":"prepare, they could take a month"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1984.98,"endTime":1987.86,"body":"to two months, they could take"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1988.01,"endTime":1993.23,"body":"could take much longer than"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1988.01,"endTime":1993.23,"body":"that. So if you think about if"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1993.23,"endTime":1997.28,"body":"you're fighting, if you're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1993.23,"endTime":1997.28,"body":"fighting, large companies that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1997.28,"endTime":2002.11,"body":"have a large in house counsel"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":1997.28,"endTime":2002.11,"body":"staff and have established"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2002.11,"endTime":2005.1399999999999,"body":"processes for converting"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2002.11,"endTime":2005.1399999999999,"body":"something in the research"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2005.1399999999999,"endTime":2009.46,"body":"department very quickly, over"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2005.1399999999999,"endTime":2009.46,"body":"into a patent filing, those"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2009.46,"endTime":2012.28,"body":"companies can turn it around"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2009.46,"endTime":2012.28,"body":"quickly. Whereas an independent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2012.28,"endTime":2016.09,"body":"inventor is going to go and"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2012.28,"endTime":2016.09,"body":"interview three or four"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2016.09,"endTime":2018.46,"body":"attorneys and meet with them"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2016.09,"endTime":2018.46,"body":"over the course of a couple of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2018.46,"endTime":2022.4199999999998,"body":"weeks and sit and think about"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2018.46,"endTime":2022.4199999999998,"body":"who they want to go with and try"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2022.4199999999998,"endTime":2024.7,"body":"to figure out if they have the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2022.4199999999998,"endTime":2024.7,"body":"money to do it and see if the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2024.7,"endTime":2029.4099999999999,"body":"idea has legs. And a lot of time"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2024.7,"endTime":2029.4099999999999,"body":"goes by and they haven't filed"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2029.4099999999999,"endTime":2037.27,"body":"yet. So you know, moving quickly"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2029.4099999999999,"endTime":2037.27,"body":"as a benefit. The provisional"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2037.27,"endTime":2040.69,"body":"application is something that a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2037.27,"endTime":2040.69,"body":"lot of especially companies have"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2040.69,"endTime":2045.94,"body":"used to to to win that race to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2040.69,"endTime":2045.94,"body":"the patent office. And I talked"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2045.94,"endTime":2048.64,"body":"about it utility and design"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2045.94,"endTime":2048.64,"body":"patent applications. Those are"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2048.64,"endTime":2051.91,"body":"both what we call non"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2048.64,"endTime":2051.91,"body":"provisional applications or sort"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2051.91,"endTime":2054.04,"body":"of quote unquote, real patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2051.91,"endTime":2054.04,"body":"applications. They're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2054.04,"endTime":2057.55,"body":"applications that get reviewed"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2054.04,"endTime":2057.55,"body":"by the patent office and become"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2057.61,"endTime":2060.9700000000003,"body":"patents. There are also"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2057.61,"endTime":2060.9700000000003,"body":"provisional applications which"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2060.9700000000003,"endTime":2064.2400000000002,"body":"are filed, but are not eligible"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2060.9700000000003,"endTime":2064.2400000000002,"body":"to become patent. But they do"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2064.2400000000002,"endTime":2067.96,"body":"give you patent pending status"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2064.2400000000002,"endTime":2067.96,"body":"and they do once filed, secure"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2067.96,"endTime":2072.07,"body":"your spot in line, they give you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2067.96,"endTime":2072.07,"body":"an application number and allow"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2072.07,"endTime":2075.73,"body":"you to later file an applicant"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2072.07,"endTime":2075.73,"body":"non provisional application."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2076.3,"endTime":2078.16,"body":"And the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2076.3,"endTime":2078.16,"body":"provisional application lasts"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2078.19,"endTime":2080.71,"body":"well for like a year, I think"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2078.19,"endTime":2080.71,"body":"something like that."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2081.01,"endTime":2083.11,"body":"The provisional"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2081.01,"endTime":2083.11,"body":"application correct lasts for a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2083.11,"endTime":2086.14,"body":"one year period before it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2083.11,"endTime":2086.14,"body":"expires, you have to convert it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2086.14,"endTime":2090.52,"body":"into a non provisional, but"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2086.14,"endTime":2090.52,"body":"they're much the filing"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2090.52,"endTime":2094.72,"body":"requirements for there are very"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2090.52,"endTime":2094.72,"body":"few filing requirements for"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2094.72,"endTime":2098.08,"body":"them, you don't have to go"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2094.72,"endTime":2098.08,"body":"through all the formal"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2098.08,"endTime":2100.4199999999996,"body":"requirements that are required"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2098.08,"endTime":2100.4199999999996,"body":"with a non provisional, so it's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2100.69,"endTime":2105.22,"body":"much easier to if you have to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2100.69,"endTime":2105.22,"body":"file that in a day or two in a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2105.22,"endTime":2106.8999999999996,"body":"rush interested situation."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2107.14,"endTime":2109.66,"body":"So the provisional"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2107.14,"endTime":2109.66,"body":"is a cheap way to buy yourself"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2109.66,"endTime":2110.29,"body":"some time."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2110.89,"endTime":2112.6299999999997,"body":"Yeah, that's that's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2110.89,"endTime":2112.6299999999997,"body":"one reason for it. I've done"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2112.6299999999997,"endTime":2117.46,"body":"lots of provisionals, where a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2112.6299999999997,"endTime":2117.46,"body":"client is presenting, presenting"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2117.46,"endTime":2120.0699999999997,"body":"something at a conference in a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2117.46,"endTime":2120.0699999999997,"body":"week and they need something on"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2120.0699999999997,"endTime":2123.2799999999997,"body":"file right away, or they're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2120.0699999999997,"endTime":2123.2799999999997,"body":"gonna pitch it to a customer"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2123.43,"endTime":2128.62,"body":"tomorrow, and they've got to get"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2123.43,"endTime":2128.62,"body":"something on file, or a client"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2128.62,"endTime":2131.44,"body":"that isn't sure if this idea is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2128.62,"endTime":2131.44,"body":"gonna take off, it doesn't want"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2131.44,"endTime":2133.57,"body":"to spend the money associate"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2131.44,"endTime":2133.57,"body":"with a non provisional and so"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2133.57,"endTime":2137.56,"body":"they file a provisional for less"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2133.57,"endTime":2137.56,"body":"money, and then they take the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2137.56,"endTime":2141.43,"body":"year that it affords, to sort of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2137.56,"endTime":2141.43,"body":"see if the idea has legs and if"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2141.43,"endTime":2143.7999999999997,"body":"it doesn't have any legs by the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2141.43,"endTime":2143.7999999999997,"body":"end of the year, they let it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2143.7999999999997,"endTime":2146.65,"body":"drop. And if it looks like it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2143.7999999999997,"endTime":2146.65,"body":"could run somewhere, then they"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2147.1,"endTime":2149.2599999999998,"body":"they choose to fund the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2147.1,"endTime":2149.2599999999998,"body":"nonprovisional."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2149.98,"endTime":2154.57,"body":"I see. I see."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2149.98,"endTime":2154.57,"body":"Okay, last question for you. And"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2154.66,"endTime":2157.33,"body":"maybe this was already answered"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2154.66,"endTime":2157.33,"body":"when we were talking about"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2157.33,"endTime":2160.36,"body":"novelty and non obviousness. But"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2157.33,"endTime":2160.36,"body":"but maybe not. Maybe there's"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2160.36,"endTime":2163.33,"body":"something else here. If if I'm"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2160.36,"endTime":2163.33,"body":"an engineer, I'm working on a"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2163.33,"endTime":2167.7999999999997,"body":"new design developing a new"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2163.33,"endTime":2167.7999999999997,"body":"product is I'm going about the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2167.7999999999997,"endTime":2171.79,"body":"development process, the design"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2167.7999999999997,"endTime":2171.79,"body":"process. What What should I be"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2171.79,"endTime":2176.89,"body":"thinking about? If I want to"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2171.79,"endTime":2176.89,"body":"ensure that my chances for"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2176.89,"endTime":2179.17,"body":"patentability are maximized?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2180.13,"endTime":2186.0099999999998,"body":"Yeah, so there's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2180.13,"endTime":2186.0099999999998,"body":"sort of I would say You know,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2186.0099999999998,"endTime":2189.19,"body":"the inventors notebook is or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2186.0099999999998,"endTime":2189.19,"body":"handbook, it's kind of gone out"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2189.19,"endTime":2194.56,"body":"the window, it's still not a bad"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2189.19,"endTime":2194.56,"body":"idea because the attorney may"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2194.56,"endTime":2198.37,"body":"want to see it. And to help him"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2194.56,"endTime":2198.37,"body":"or her in writing the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2198.37,"endTime":2205.0,"body":"application. When I when, when a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2198.37,"endTime":2205.0,"body":"client brings me an idea, I"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2205.0,"endTime":2209.17,"body":"always want to document I always"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2205.0,"endTime":2209.17,"body":"wanted disclosure form, I always"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2209.17,"endTime":2212.95,"body":"want a good, fit, robust"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2209.17,"endTime":2212.95,"body":"description of what the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2212.95,"endTime":2216.64,"body":"invention is. And oftentimes"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2212.95,"endTime":2216.64,"body":"that takes place in an"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2216.64,"endTime":2220.09,"body":"interview. But if you can give"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2216.64,"endTime":2220.09,"body":"me you know, a 15 page PDF that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2220.09,"endTime":2222.52,"body":"I can read, that's great, that's"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2220.09,"endTime":2222.52,"body":"a great disclosure. So"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2222.88,"endTime":2226.96,"body":"maintaining that can be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2222.88,"endTime":2226.96,"body":"extremely helpful in the back"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2226.96,"endTime":2231.58,"body":"end, or in the writing phase of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2226.96,"endTime":2231.58,"body":"the patent application. I would"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2231.58,"endTime":2235.6,"body":"also say that writing down to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2231.58,"endTime":2235.6,"body":"maintain it is helpful, because"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2236.41,"endTime":2237.46,"body":"while"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2239.02,"endTime":2242.83,"body":"while you, your"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2239.02,"endTime":2242.83,"body":"design process will yield a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2242.83,"endTime":2247.87,"body":"final design. But it may not be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2242.83,"endTime":2247.87,"body":"the final design. That's the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2247.87,"endTime":2252.79,"body":"only thing that you want to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2247.87,"endTime":2252.79,"body":"patent. You don't have to patent"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2252.79,"endTime":2255.85,"body":"something that makes it to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2252.79,"endTime":2255.85,"body":"market you can find any idea you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2255.85,"endTime":2258.82,"body":"have as long as it meets those"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2255.85,"endTime":2258.82,"body":"requirements we talked about"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2258.82,"endTime":2263.77,"body":"earlier. And so it may be that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2258.82,"endTime":2263.77,"body":"version one and 1.1, and 1.2,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2263.77,"endTime":2269.44,"body":"and two, and 3.0 are all good"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2263.77,"endTime":2269.44,"body":"ideas. They're not the best"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2269.44,"endTime":2271.24,"body":"ideas, but they're all good"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2269.44,"endTime":2271.24,"body":"ideas, and they can be"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2271.24,"endTime":2274.0,"body":"protected. And if they're"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2271.24,"endTime":2274.0,"body":"protected, if they're all"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2274.0,"endTime":2278.65,"body":"protected, that creates a bigger"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2274.0,"endTime":2278.65,"body":"fence around your idea than if"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2278.65,"endTime":2281.5,"body":"you had just protected the final"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2278.65,"endTime":2281.5,"body":"version that came out of the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2281.5,"endTime":2287.98,"body":"process. So you know, and again,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2281.5,"endTime":2287.98,"body":"that the the inventors handbook"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2287.98,"endTime":2294.31,"body":"may, may show that. The other"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2287.98,"endTime":2294.31,"body":"thing I would say is keep it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2294.31,"endTime":2299.38,"body":"secret. So unless there's a one"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2294.31,"endTime":2299.38,"body":"year grace period, most people"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2299.38,"endTime":2305.32,"body":"do not know this. You cannot"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2299.38,"endTime":2305.32,"body":"disclose the idea, and then file"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2305.32,"endTime":2309.7,"body":"a patent application for more"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2305.32,"endTime":2309.7,"body":"than a year later. And so"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2309.7,"endTime":2314.65,"body":"keeping it secret is a paramount"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2309.7,"endTime":2314.65,"body":"importance outside the US"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2314.65,"endTime":2317.08,"body":"there's no grace period. So if"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2314.65,"endTime":2317.08,"body":"you want to get a patent in"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2317.08,"endTime":2322.54,"body":"Taiwan, or in Mexico, or in"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2317.08,"endTime":2322.54,"body":"China or in Europe, if you've"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2322.54,"endTime":2326.17,"body":"disclosed that idea before an"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2322.54,"endTime":2326.17,"body":"application has been filed"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2326.17,"endTime":2329.59,"body":"somewhere in the world, then"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2326.17,"endTime":2329.59,"body":"your ability to get that foreign"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2329.59,"endTime":2336.2799999999997,"body":"patent is gone. So disclosure is"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2329.59,"endTime":2336.2799999999997,"body":"disclosing enough information"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2336.2799999999997,"endTime":2340.09,"body":"that somebody could would know"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2336.2799999999997,"endTime":2340.09,"body":"how to make this device. But"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2340.09,"endTime":2345.07,"body":"doing so to somebody who's not"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2340.09,"endTime":2345.07,"body":"within the business, or you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2345.07,"endTime":2349.0299999999997,"body":"don't have an NDA with or is not"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2345.07,"endTime":2349.0299999999997,"body":"your attorney on this particular"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2349.0299999999997,"endTime":2352.15,"body":"project. There are an action say"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2349.0299999999997,"endTime":2352.15,"body":"there are a lot of wrinkles to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2352.15,"endTime":2354.7599999999998,"body":"all these rules. an NDA or a"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2352.15,"endTime":2354.7599999999998,"body":"confidentiality agreement will"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2354.7599999999998,"endTime":2357.49,"body":"not protect you. In all"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2354.7599999999998,"endTime":2357.49,"body":"situations. It works in some but"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2357.49,"endTime":2365.68,"body":"not all. But keeping it secret"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2357.49,"endTime":2365.68,"body":"helps you preserve all of your"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2365.68,"endTime":2369.49,"body":"options. If you disclose it, you"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2365.68,"endTime":2369.49,"body":"create, you create a timeline,"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2369.49,"endTime":2373.33,"body":"you create a ticking clock that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2369.49,"endTime":2373.33,"body":"will at some point start ringing"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2373.33,"endTime":2377.32,"body":"and expire and may expire"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2373.33,"endTime":2377.32,"body":"immediately. So keeping that"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2377.32,"endTime":2379.24,"body":"secret is is important."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2380.0499999999997,"endTime":2382.84,"body":"That's a big deal."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2380.0499999999997,"endTime":2382.84,"body":"Because you're working on a new"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2382.84,"endTime":2386.5299999999997,"body":"product and you're excited about"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2382.84,"endTime":2386.5299999999997,"body":"it. It's so easy to you know,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2386.56,"endTime":2390.13,"body":"tell people about this thing"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2386.56,"endTime":2390.13,"body":"that you're so excited about. So"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2390.16,"endTime":2394.99,"body":"thanks for bringing that one up."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2390.16,"endTime":2394.99,"body":"Tom, if people want to get a"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2394.99,"endTime":2398.98,"body":"hold of you, what what is the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2394.99,"endTime":2398.98,"body":"best way for someone to get in"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2398.98,"endTime":2399.61,"body":"touch with you?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2401.02,"endTime":2403.21,"body":"Oh, give me a ring"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2401.02,"endTime":2403.21,"body":"I answer. I try to answer the"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2403.21,"endTime":2409.54,"body":"phone always 602 to 816481. Or"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2403.21,"endTime":2409.54,"body":"you can check out the website"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2409.7799999999997,"endTime":2414.88,"body":"Galvani legal.com. Either one of"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2409.7799999999997,"endTime":2414.88,"body":"those will work."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2415.09,"endTime":2418.5099999999998,"body":"Terrific. Great."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2415.09,"endTime":2418.5099999999998,"body":"Well, Tom, thank you so much for"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2418.54,"endTime":2422.83,"body":"sharing all your insight and"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2418.54,"endTime":2422.83,"body":"wisdom with us today. Anything"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2422.83,"endTime":2425.5,"body":"else that that you want to say"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2422.83,"endTime":2425.5,"body":"before we end the show?"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2426.0099999999998,"endTime":2428.71,"body":"No. I wanted to"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2426.0099999999998,"endTime":2428.71,"body":"make sure that we got in keep it"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2428.71,"endTime":2431.5,"body":"secret. So that's that's took my"},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2428.71,"endTime":2431.5,"body":"last box."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2431.71,"endTime":2434.41,"body":"Can we add another"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2431.71,"endTime":2434.41,"body":"s? We'll keep it secret stupid"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2434.47,"endTime":2435.79,"body":"is the new KISS principle."},{"speaker":"Tom Galvani","startTime":2436.33,"endTime":2436.9,"body":"That's right."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2439.24,"endTime":2441.31,"body":"All right, Tom."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2439.24,"endTime":2441.31,"body":"Well, thank you so much again."},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2441.7,"endTime":2449.74,"body":"Thanks, sir. I'm Aaron Moncure,"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2441.7,"endTime":2449.74,"body":"founder of pipeline design and"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2449.74,"endTime":2452.92,"body":"engineering. If you liked what"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2449.74,"endTime":2452.92,"body":"you heard today, please leave us"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2452.92,"endTime":2455.89,"body":"a positive review. It really"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2452.92,"endTime":2455.89,"body":"helps other people find the"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2455.92,"endTime":2459.25,"body":"show. To learn how your"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2455.92,"endTime":2459.25,"body":"engineering team can leverage"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2459.2799999999997,"endTime":2462.82,"body":"our team's expertise in"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2459.2799999999997,"endTime":2462.82,"body":"developing turnkey custom test"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2462.82,"endTime":2467.35,"body":"fixtures, automated equipment"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2462.82,"endTime":2467.35,"body":"and product design, visit us at"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2467.56,"endTime":2471.91,"body":"test fixture design.com Thanks"},{"speaker":"Aaron Moncur","startTime":2467.56,"endTime":2471.91,"body":"for listening"}]}