#4: Understanding Glucose Dynamics: Insulin Sensitivity throughout the Menstrual Cycle with Marie-Luise Huber

Understanding Hormonal Cycles, Glucose Monitoring, and Female Health

Join Judith Mueller in another episode of Biohacking Eve: Health Optimisation for Women, as she interviews Marie-Luise Huber, Head of Nutrition at Hello Inside. Discover the crucial roles of insulin, cortisol, oestrogen, and progesterone in the menstrual cycle and how they impact glucose levels. Learn about the benefits of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) in understanding individual metabolic responses and hear insights from Marie-Luise's personal experience with CGM during pregnancy. The discussion also covers the impact of stress, sleep, and nutrition on glucose levels, alongside actionable tips for maintaining a healthy lifestyle tailored to women’s unique needs.


Links
https://helloinside.com/en
https://www.instagram.com/helloinsideofficial/
https://www.instagram.com/marieluise.huber/

Timestamp Highlights

• 00:00 Understanding Key Hormones: Insulin and Cortisol
• 00:10 The Female Cycle: Oestrogen and Progesterone
• 00:34 Insulin Sensitivity and Energy Use During the Cycle
• 01:36 Introduction to Biohacking Eve
• 02:01 Meet Marie-Luise Huber: Nutrition Expert
• 02:56 Hello Inside: Personalised Nutrition for Women
• 03:47 Continuous Glucose Monitoring Insights
• 05:14 Cortisol and Stress Response
• 06:45 Long-term Stress and Health Implications
• 09:00 Hormones and Biochemical Pathways
• 11:12 Impact of Stress on Reproductive Health
• 12:17 Optimal Glucose Levels and Monitoring
• 14:36 CGM vs Finger Prick Tests
• 19:28 Low-Carb Diets and Glucose Levels
• 25:22 Hormonal Cycles and Insulin Resistance
• 29:57 Prostaglandins, Cravings, and Cramps
• 32:53 Breaking the Habit Cycle for Better Health
• 33:17 Pregnancy and Glucose Monitoring
• 34:07 Managing Blood Sugar During Pregnancy
• 37:32 Postpartum Glucose Challenges
• 38:54 The Impact of Sleep on Glucose Levels
• 40:48 Practical Tips for Managing Cravings
• 43:05 Preventing Gestational Diabetes
• 45:52 The Role of Carbs in Pregnancy
• 47:42 Insights from Continuous Glucose Monitoring
• 50:34 Personalised Nutrition and CGM
• 59:17 Comparing Hello Inside with Other Platforms
• 01:02:29 Conclusion and Final Thoughts

Insta/TikTok: @BiohackingEve
Website: www.BiohackingEve.com

Transcript

Marie-Luise Huber 0:00

the two most important hormones that we have in our body are on the one hand insulin because it brings down glucose and then it's also cortisol because it elevates glucose. But when we talk about the female cycle I usually focus on estrogen and progesterone. Usually estrogen is a little higher than progesterone in the first half of the cycle. And progesterone then is a little higher in the second half of the cycle. the reason why it's so important to talk about those two hormones specifically is because they are also very much connected to insulin. During our first half of the cycle, which is called the follicular phase our estrogen is a little higher. And estrogen is, one of the tasks is, it increases the insulin sensitivity. That also then means our bodies are a little better with using carbs as an energy source during the second half of the cycle, we want to use the energy and like the source we get in case we are pregnant. So we are able then to help a baby grow, right? So that's why actually our insulin sensitivity is reduced. Our glucose levels stay a little bit more elevated. Also, the way we use like the fat storages, for example, are also different during the cycle phases. So Let's say we are less efficient at using carbs so we can keep the energy more to ourselves and potentially a baby

Judith Mueller 1:27

But that to me sounds like the body doesn't actually know whether it's pregnant or not,

Marie-Luise Huber 1:32

It takes some time.

Judith Mueller 1:34

Interesting, Welcome back to Biohacking Eve Health Optimization for Women with Judith Mueller, where we shine a light on everything that will help you reach your best self as a woman, as unique and individual as you can be. Live long and prosper, my friend. Hello, welcome back to the show. So today I've got Marie-Luise Huber, who's the head of nutrition at Hello Inside. Welcome.

Marie-Luise Huber 2:07

Thank you for having me.

Judith Mueller 2:08

Super. So Marie-Luise is a nutritional scientist, dietitian, board certified health and wellness coach and health advocate. And she helps people, especially women, which is why we're here today, access the knowledge and support they need so they can unleash the power from within and build the healthy lives they desire for themselves and their families. Super. before we launch into what you do at Hello Inside, we have a very special announcement to make. We may or may not have a guest appearance. Basically I've got a resident cat here who at any point might decide to jump in front of the camera. So the viewers might see that. If you hear the crash as a listener, then he might've knocked over the microphone. So we'll see. Don't worry, we'll just continue until, unless he does basically. Cool. So Marie-Luise back to you. Tell us about Hello Inside.

Marie-Luise Huber 2:58

So I would say Hello Inside is a company that believes that there's not just one size fits all, right? We know like those one size fits all diet, but we at Hello Inside believe that personalized nutrition is actually the holistic approach to health. We even call it like the first intelligent metabolic health companion for women throughout life and we are an CGM, Continuous Glucose Monitor Enabled company. And we want to encourage people, as we said especially women to understand what is going on in their body, like what's going on inside them and what's their body actually signaling them. And so we want to support all women throughout the most important phases of life. Whether it's just like cycle health or if it's menopause there's always something we can work on. So that's what we are doing.

Judith Mueller 3:47

Fantastic. Actually, let's stay on the topic of CGM because I've been working with the CGM myself and I've had some very interesting insights for anyone who has not looked at the glucose goddess. If you check on Instagram please do have a look very interesting. And really it's a couple of questions that I've noticed with my CGM, So a, I'm seeing. different readings for the same foods throughout my cycle. That is one thing. And the other thing I wanted to touch upon is I, so my blood glucose is actually fairly stable, which I'm very happy to report,

Marie-Luise Huber 4:24

You should be.

Judith Mueller 4:25

which is a very good thing. So I don't usually see. Spike very much when I eat and having said that, I did notice that when I put a stress on my body, so for example, exercise, sauna, cold plant, et cetera, I first have a drop, which I suppose makes sense because your body needs to do some actual work. So glucose is dropping. And then I suppose the stress response kicks in. I'm guessing that's cortisol, right?

Marie-Luise Huber 4:52

Yes, correct.

Judith Mueller 4:53

Fantastic. Yes, points. Well done. So cortisol kicks in, which leads to more glucose release. So first I'm having from a stable baseline, I'm having a drop, and then my blood glucose actually shoots up, which is something I'm not really seeing even when I'm eating. And then it goes back to baseline. Tell us more about that.

Marie-Luise Huber 5:12

So I'm gonna answer the second question first, right? So when you're talking about cortisol, it's important to understand that cortisol is the stress hormone, right? And I feel like we can't even talk about like our ancestors. It's actually cortisol is not all bad, right? Like we only think about stress and this negative thing, but also it's super great that we actually experience distress because as you mentioned what you saw is It provides the energy. When our glucose goes up, we feel like energized, right? And so for us, it's great to have this like mechanism because it enables us to run away from a tiger or anything like in our ancient times. And so actually seeing that glucose going up when you are stressed is a good sign that your body is functioning, right? Because it provides the energy so that you are able to run away. To run away from a tiger, if necessary, or if we like, put it into like modern world so that we are able to catch the bus, right? Or that we are able to catch the train because we see it on a platform almost leaving and so we are already feel stressed and then we get the energy hit and so we are able to run faster than we would normally. Usually feel right. So I feel like that's super important to understand that cortisol. Yes. It's a stress hormone. And also we don't want it to be high all the time. But it's also important that we have it because it's like one of our, I call it like the master hormones because then we are able to function. And if cortisol wouldn't be there, then we would not have the energy available, like in a short amount of time.

Judith Mueller 6:46

So what would happen, for example, if a person is under long term stress, what happens biochemically? And why is it bad?

Marie-Luise Huber 6:57

yeah that's a very good point. And that's why I said we don't necessarily want it. To be high all the time. As I said, like cortisol brings up our glucose because we get the energy, but if we are in the like high stress all the time, our glucose levels stay elevated, like we, they don't go down and that, like the constant elevation of those glucose levels is actually the one thing that harms ourselves, right? I sometimes call it like it's too much than like burden for ourselves imagine like it's a neighbor knocking on your door all the time and okay, you don't want to open the door anymore. So I feel like it's just this annoying feeling and hormones are actually getting into the cell. And that's what cortisol is actually doing. They are opening up the cells so that the energy gets in and we are able to move. But if somebody is at the door knocking all the time, we get annoyed by it. And we don't react anymore. So I feel like that's important to understand and see that. If our cortisol levels are elevated, if we're constant stress, our glucose is elevated all the time and then our body is not able, our cells are not able to perform the functions anymore because they become ignorant they don't want to open the door anymore, they don't want to like communicate with each other because they are like, there's somebody like bugging them all the time and so then we know that affects us. Our health, right? There are like there, there may be like cardio issues. There may be like, it may increase the risk for diabetes. It potentially even increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease. So there are so many diseases that can come out of being stressed constantly

Judith Mueller 8:33

So this is really interesting. So how does it harm what sort of on a biochemical level, what are the pathways, how does it actually harm the cell? Other than being annoyed at constantly stress, which I think comes with, the knocking neighbor. And also, it almost makes me think if you're having stressful thoughts, can that actually lead you to be diabetic? It sounds like that for what you're saying.

Marie-Luise Huber 8:57

if we have like stressful thoughts a lot of time. Yes, it can And that's when we talk about like the biochemical level I think like we should understand or let's break it down like hormones are like they are chemical messengers, right? they go through the bloodstream and we want them because They keep us healthy. Hormones are the ones to communicate with each other. They all talk to each other. Unfortunately, you cannot touch them. And that's that's already a little tantalizing because you don't know what they are, right? You cannot touch them. You cannot you don't see them. So it's a very intricate composition and like a dance those hormones have. And so they just send signals. Just quote unquote, they send then signals to the brain to perform the functions they are assigned to and when we think about Since we're talking about women's health, right? When we think about the hormones throughout the cycle They fluctuate because like they have different assignments during a certain phase of the cycle and it's For example, let's talk about estrogen, right? Estrogen is the hormone that is higher during the first phase of the cycle, and one of the assignments, or like tasks that estrogen is assigned to do is to thicken the mucous layer. The mucous layer is the one that helps us with the fertilization. To grow the fertilized egg, right? So it's we want that to be thick so that our egg can actually nest in there and go. And so the assignment for estrogen in that case is okay, that's your task. Make the mucus thicker. But if, for example, there's another hormone, let's say cortisol, which is very loud, which I said is one of the master hormones, if we constantly our body has to listen to cortisol, it cannot really communicate to estrogen, and thus our cycle and so that's like the micro level is the communication gets out of whack and like the brain is not signaling the cells, what they're supposed to do, and then everything becomes like, yeah, like a rocking boat and not functioning anymore.

Judith Mueller 11:12

So the, If I understand this correctly, there's actually a biochemical chain of reasons why constant stress levels, whether they are physical through overtraining, through running after the bus every morning, I'm always pathologically late. So if I had to commute, that would definitely be a problem. I'm always reliably 10 minutes late. It's always going to be the next. Or even, stressful thoughts, you've got a stressful job or you've got, whatever toxic relationships in life that could actually a upset your cycle, all the things that come with it, but could actually prevent you from getting pregnant, for example, if you want it to be.

Marie-Luise Huber 11:49

correct.

Judith Mueller 11:50

Okay, so even if you took all the supplements, all the medicines, all the other bits, if you've got that going on, there literally is a physiological block, which makes sense, I suppose, because you're signaling the body, if you stress, it's not a safe environment to reproduce and reproduction is energetically very, very expensive. So you don't want to waste your energy on that. Okay. Super interesting. Let's stick with the CGM and glucose levels for one more second. What are the ranges that we should be seeing in metabolically healthy women? And actually, also, let's come back to the cycle thing about insulin resistance at certain points in the cycle. What should you be seeing? And there was another note that I've had that I've come across If you are on a keto diet, very low carb diet your baseline glucose can actually be higher than the sort of standard measurements.

Marie-Luise Huber 12:46

Correct. So when we talk about the what, like the optimum levels are it's a, that's a tricky question. And I say that because as we know, there's just limited data available. It's like limited data available on continuous glucose monitoring for healthy individuals. And then when we talk about women, which subgroup of it, there's even fewer data. So I feel like that's important to consider that. But generally speaking what we have received from our medical advisors, and I say it quote unquote, the lower the glucose levels, the better, and unless you feel like antsy, or fatigue, or you don't feel good, then it may be a sign that your glucose levels are already too low. So that's like the The caveat or like the important message there, but we had hello inside. We say the optimum levels throughout the day without eating and without exercise should be between 80 and 110 milligram per deciliter. And they should be fairly stable. We say we don't want them to be like, fully flat. Because that is also a sign like your body is not functioning or working as it's supposed to, or maybe that the sensor is broken, because that also can happen, which we don't want, but it can happen, right? So we really want to see those soft waves. Somewhere in between 80 and 110 milligram per deciliter, Go ahead.

Judith Mueller 14:13

when he say without food and without exercise, are you talking fasting blood sugar? Or are you saying if you were to filter that out

Marie-Luise Huber 14:21

Yes. It is between the meals. So fasting glucose, we have the gold standard of it should be less than 100 milligram per deciliter. So that's like the blood sample. But it's also important to consider. And I think we have not mentioned that yet. That. A contiguous glucose monitor is like this little sensor on your arm and it measures the glucose in the interstitial fluid, which is not the blood, right? The interstitial fluid is like the fluid between the cells. And so whenever you do like a finger prick test, or even like the blood draw at the doctors, you measure different glucose, then you measure it with the CGM. Because it's like the one is the blood, the other one is like the interstitial fluid, right? So it's important to understand that when you do, for example the finger prick test or also the blood draw on the one hand, these are different sources, but then also the glucose values will be a little delayed for the CGM, because it takes time for the glucose to actually go from the blood into the interstitial fluid. So there is some time delay. So whenever you wear a CGM and you also do a finger prick test, don't be surprised if the values are different at the same time.

Judith Mueller 15:39

So A, how much delay is there? And does that mean the values Should be, or the ranges we're looking at for both CGM and Fingerprick are similar, but one is more reliable than the other.

Marie-Luise Huber 15:51

I wouldn't say one is more reliable than the other because The benefit of a CGM is that it's continuously right? You see it all the time, right? So there are benefits in both means of measurement. And then usually like the gold standard, or like what, what is, shown in in science or like in, in also product that it's about like 15 minutes delay between the blood and the continuous glucose monitor.

Judith Mueller 16:19

That's a lot. Okay. Interesting. And are you coming back to said 100 fasting glucose is good? Are you want to be below 100? The values I've seen, correct me if I'm wrong. And this might also be due to data gaps in women. As we've discussed, I've seen something like 83 is very good for healthy individual, you want to be below 90 and apparently 95 and above is already three times diabetes risk compared to below that.

Marie-Luise Huber 16:50

It is I see what you're referring to. Yes. So there is it's still right now, like the medical consensus is a hundred but they are, as I said, like the lower, the better. There are already like movements happening to revise that and go even lower, but then it's important also to consider, and that's, I think, like the tricky part with the fasting glucose, when you have a continuous glucose monitor, when do you measure it? The cool thing is that you can see it right away. Like, when you wake up, you don't even have to move. But when you go to the doctor's office to get your blood drawn you need in most cases, you need to go there, right? So it's already like some time in between the wake up time and actually getting to the doctor. So that's why there's important to keep that in mind that with the CGM the measurements or the timing of the measurement where in like fasting glucose may be different. Also, and then it brings us back to cortisol. Our cortisol levels are usually a little higher in the morning, right? Because as I said, like it signals our body that we need energy so that we can get going. So if you wake up all the time, like every day, about the same time, your cortisol levels have like their fluctuations and you will notice this in your blood in your CGM data, right? Like the drop and then like it increases even though. You're not doing anything because you're just waking up, right? So I feel like that's super necessary to understand that the cortisol then impacts your glucose. It goes up, but it's, in that case, it's a good sign because you are able to wake up. Your body is like ready to go and enjoy a day. So that's why measuring the fasting glucose with a CGM is a little tricky because when do you actually measure it?

Judith Mueller 18:37

Actually, that's super interesting because I've noticed sort of some drops at night. Also, for example, when I had a nightmare, so I could see it my Oura that my heart rate was elevated, my HRV was down. So clearly sign that I'm stressed. I might even have a period of being, awake on light sleep. I'm moving a lot and then I've seen my glucose levels either drop or drop and then even rise in the nightmare. Super interesting. Again, what does stress do with you? Also for me, for example, when I do You know, full blood panel. I've got to get myself to the doctor and I said, Oh we're doing fasted blood 7am in the morning before breakfast. I'm like, if you kick me out of bed at 6 55 to take a blood measurement and seven, my cortisol

Marie-Luise Huber 19:15

yeah.

Judith Mueller 19:15

yeah I'm stressed because that is not my natural time also means I have to wake up with an alarm clock, which I don't normally do. So there's so many different factors that I think are very important. That you also need to be aware of to even be able to listen to your own body. Okay. So coming back to the sort of low carb argument tell me about what should adjusted ranges be there? Because what I've come across is that the, and maybe it helps if you can quickly explain the mechanism, but I've seen some papers, some studies that say, look, you're basically. Baseline might be a little bit higher. It might be 90 to a hundred, maybe even slightly above a hundred. But you're also not going to see those spikes basically because you're not having the high carb meals.

Marie-Luise Huber 19:56

The thing is, we need like energy and like glucose to, to function, right? And maybe you know it better than I do, but I would say like 40 50 percent of the glucose is actually used by our brain. So that's why Our like body is just like a super smart machine. So when we don't provide our body with like glucose from the outside, as in carbs, our body is just like producing its own glucose. And that's why the levels are like a little more elevated so that our body, or like in that case, especially our brain. Is able to function, right? Because if there's not enough glucose, our brain shuts down. And so that's why when we perform a ketogenic diet it is actually one way to make sure that our brain is able to function. Because it elevates the glucose level so that there will be no scarcity in that sense.

Judith Mueller 20:55

Okay. So that makes a lot more sense. Actually coming back to the ranges and also there's two different scales. So for example, when I get a CGM, so I use the Abbott Freestyle Libre 3 which for those who are on camera, you can see it there. It's a little sort of knob on the arm, actually quite, I wouldn't say pleasant to apply, but I thought it was going to be a lot worse actually.

Marie-Luise Huber 21:18

A mosquito bite is worse.

Judith Mueller 21:20

Yeah, exactly. You don't have all the slapping yourself. It doesn't involve any slapping yourself. And it's actually surprisingly painless when you have it in this. I really don't notice. So coming back to the whole setup I actually set my scales differently. So the Abbott default scale, I believe is. 70 to 180 off the top of my head, I've set it to 70 to 140 because 140 and above is basically much increased risk factor for diabetes, et cetera, et cetera. So basically the idea is you want to minimize a spikes and also the sort of area under the curve, any time you spent in 140 and above actually maybe, can you tell us a little bit about why that is so stressful on the cells, what happens exactly?

Marie-Luise Huber 22:07

So to get on, to talk a little bit about the ranges first I think it's important to see it's great that you adjusted that. And it also like already alludes to the fact that the CGMs the way they are set up, they are used for people with diabetes, right? And like their ranges, their optimal ranges are far bigger than they are for. Quote unquote healthy individuals, right? And so that's why there is this discrepancy between what our range is what other competitors ranges have, or what the range in about is. So I feel like that's necessary to understand and then to your question, like, why do we want to. To reduce the amount like the area under the curve above 140 is because we have seen like data shows that again, what we talked about, the more our glucose levels are elevated, the more also then in return, it's stress on our body. And sometimes I, I call it like a little like arrow that's actually pinching ourselves and breaking down the structure of ourselves. And then our cells are not this responsive anymore to. Insulin, for example. Insulin is the hormone that brings down our glucose, and so if our cells are already broken, or let's say the, what's it called, the door, the lock is already like a little bit like broken. Insulin is actually the key that opens the lock, right? So if that lock is broken, Insulin cannot function as it's supposed to, and so the glucose levels don't come down anymore. And then if they stay elevated for too long, then it also then goes into what I've said, like it it hurts our cells, it hurts our nervous system, it hurts like how our brain responds. So it's similar to what I have said earlier about the stress it's the same thing for if glucose levels are elevated for too long.

Judith Mueller 23:58

So when you say it hurts the structure of the cells is that a metaphor? Is that there's some actual organelles, mitochondria, whatever else it might be that are actually damaged from that.

Marie-Luise Huber 24:10

Both. So it's I use it as a metaphor, but you can see that the cell structures are actually changing. I'm not entirely sure if it's the mitochondria or any other parts in our cells but you can see there is a change in the shape, quote unquote, of the cell.

Judith Mueller 24:26

So the shape is changing and therefore also the functionality, I'm guessing. Okay, super interesting. Just coming back to the scales really quickly. Why are there two different scales? And which one should you use?

Marie-Luise Huber 24:40

You mean different scales between 80 and 110 or

Judith Mueller 24:44

Note the difference what's the, one's a millimole and one's a

Marie-Luise Huber 24:48

Oh that is from what I have known from what I have seen is especially geographically most parts in Europe use, or like most parts in the world use that. It's more kind of like the standards that are existing in certain countries. That's from what I know. Like it's the way that The glucose is measured in labs and like the test methods they use versus just like really a functional aspect to that.

Judith Mueller 25:14

So there's no upside, downside, and I know there's also very clear conversion scales you can look it up. So just be clear on the guidance, basically. Okay, and coming back to Hormonal cycles, menstrual cycles, and insulin resistance. Talk us through all of that shebang

Marie-Luise Huber 25:31

Where should I start? There's so much.

Judith Mueller 25:33

at the top.

Marie-Luise Huber 25:35

So as I said, like first when we talk about like hormones I would say the two most important hormones that we have in our body are on the one hand insulin because it brings down glucose and then it's also cortisol because it elevates glucose. And then we have I would say there's some, there's a wide variety of hormones. But when we talk about the female cycle I usually focus on estrogen and progesterone. And the reason for that is. Those two they communicate, as we said, like hormones communicate with each other and so they are like at different levels throughout the cycle. Usually estrogen is a little higher than progesterone in the first half of the cycle. And progesterone then is a little higher in the second half of the cycle. You have those hormones in your bloodstream all the time, but it's just like the relation between, or the ratio between those two changes. And why it's why, the reason why it's so important to talk about those two hormones specifically is because they are also very much connected to insulin. During our first half of the cycle, which is called the follicular phase. It's easy to remember follicular first and then the last one is luteal. Luteal last. Easy to remember that way. During the first half of the cycle our estrogen is a little higher. And estrogen is, one of the tasks is, it increases the insulin sensitivity. That also then means our bodies are a little better with using carbs as an energy source.

Judith Mueller 27:06

Why does it actually, what's the biological benefit of increasing insulin sensitivity or rather what is the downside or the reason why in the second half of the cycle you wouldn't have that or need that perhaps?

Marie-Luise Huber 27:19

That's actually a really good question. And I was like doing some research on it. Like I have not really found like found research or else solid research, but I was talking to a bunch of medicine, like doctors or like people in that field. And my explanation is that during the second half of the cycle, we want to use the energy and like the source we get in case we are pregnant. So we are able then to help a baby grow, right? So that's why actually our insulin sensitivity is reduced. Our glucose levels stay a little bit better. more elevated. Also, the way we use like the fat storages, for example, are also different during the cycle phases. So Let's say we are less efficient at using carbs so we can keep the energy more to ourselves and potentially a baby. So that's, I would say that's the evolutionary explanation of like why it is a little different.

Judith Mueller 28:16

But that to me sounds like the body doesn't actually know whether it's pregnant or not,

Marie-Luise Huber 28:21

It takes some time.

Judith Mueller 28:24

Interesting,

Marie-Luise Huber 28:26

But that's what I have talked through. As I said, like I have not found like really any like evolutionary scientific explanation of that. But from like the conversations we had, like we came to the conclusion that This may be the reason so that we are able to help a baby grow.

Judith Mueller 28:44

interesting. So yes, coming back to the cycle and insulin sensitivity.

Marie-Luise Huber 28:49

So yes. So then during, as I said, like during the first half of the cycle, we are like more insulin sensitive meaning also like we are more efficient in using carbs during the second half, as I said, we are less insulin sensitive, I wouldn't say insulin resistant, which has I would. Quote unquote, we need more insulin to bring the glucose down. And you will notice that when, I think you even mentioned that when you're wearing a sensor, your blood glucose, either it stays a little more elevated, or it just takes more time for the exact same meal, To lower your glucose again. Like you could have I don't know, let's say use it like a piece of cake, right? You have one cake and then you eat the same cake. You create the same day, recreate the same day, but you will notice that your glucose will not go down. Go as low or like it will go higher during the second half of the cycle. And that's something we have seen, like with many of our users that hello inside already with backed by other scientists where we see that there is a difference in insulin response, glucose response during the first and the second half of the cycle.

Judith Mueller 29:56

Awesome. So staying with the cycle menstrual phase, tell us about prostaglandins, cravings and cramps.

Marie-Luise Huber 30:05

Okay. So prostaglandins are. I would say the inflammatory hormones, right? So it's during the menstrual cycle the uterus produces prostaglandins. So they are like hormone like chemicals. I'm not entirely sure that they are like really I wouldn't say they're like real hormones as we talked about. And those prostaglandins, they help the uterine contractions so that actually the uterine lining gets out of our body if we're not pregnant, right? And if you eat a lot of like refined sugars and processed foods, they actually increase this prostaglandin release, making cramps and pain even worse, right? So to, to break it down like in simpler terms, if you notice like period cramps, I would not recommend Eating sweets for the reason that like cramps are already like a signal of the body that it's painful. And it's like the uterine lining, it's contracting, right? or the uterus is contracting. And so it's, if you then feed it with sugar, You actually give it more power, quote unquote, so that the cramps get even worse, right? Even more painful, and that's because of the prostaglandin reaction. So if you experience period cramps or have hard notice cravings, it's hard not to give in to them, but then I would say, learn your way or think about ways that can also distract your thoughts because often cravings are part of the thought process. And if you're able to redirect those thoughts or eat something that's not sugary it will help your cramps getting better. And also redirecting your thoughts will then help you like relax. And then also helping support your like blood sugar response and everything that comes along with that.

Judith Mueller 32:05

So the short answer is resist the cravings. And I think that's actually a really good thought impulse and saying that's a good time. Maybe not that moment, but that's a good impulse to get off sugar altogether, because this is the hardest time to resist. And you're going to have Same problem every month. So if you can actually, reduce your sugar intake, get over all together, make that a habit or by the lack of sugar, make that a habit. It's going to make your life so much easier down

Marie-Luise Huber 32:34

Exactly. And also like one, one thing I like to do with our clients is think about like. Why do you experience those cravings. Is it like connected to a certain time? As you said, like during the period phase, like PMS, or is it a habit? Because you always come home from work and like you open the fridge, right? And if you're able to redirect your thoughts and break this habit cycle, it will help you in the long run, getting rid of those cravings and being able to also then alleviate your menstrual cramps.

Judith Mueller 33:09

So if you're not menstruating, you're probably pregnant, even if your body doesn't know it yet. So

Marie-Luise Huber 33:14

Exactly.

Judith Mueller 33:15

let's go down that route. Tell us about your experience wearing a sensor during pregnancy and postpartum.

Marie-Luise Huber 33:24

that's a very personal question, but I'm happy to answer that. For the listeners, I do have a eight month old baby boy at home. And I was in a fortunate situation that because I work for HelloInside that I actually could track my glucose prior pregnancy, during pregnancy, and also postpartum. And I also want to mention that. That this is not something we offer as a service because we also feel like women, there's so much you need to focus on like the health of your baby and blood sugar. In case you're not you don't have gluca gestational diabetes is not the thing you should focus on don't stress about your nutrition if you if you feel good about it. If you feel where you are at right now and take care of the baby and growth first. But, as I said I wore a sensor and it was, I was, I have to say I was a little nervous. Because my mom had gestational diabetes when she was pregnant with me. And unfortunately now She's insulin dependent. So that was a little like nerve wracking already. Why I was like entering the pregnancy. I'm like, okay, please, God, don't make me have a gestational diabetes. And then also like I am at advanced age. That's how they call it. Like I'm 35. So that was another thing where I'm like, okay. Need to be on the lookout for that. And I'm like a very active person and I love my sweets, right? Like we talked about cravings and getting rid of sugar. I'm fully transparent. I do have a sweet tooth. So these kind of like where was my like situation where I was going like starting from, but also because I know what was happening inside my body. And Prior my pregnancy, I saw which foods will increase my blood sugar. And I was able or not only what I was able, but I've also I never really had any cravings, but I just love cheese. Unfortunately I'm lactose intolerant, but I a lot of mozzarella lactose free. I love like my Emmentaler, my Gouda, like all of that. So that's what I'm like, what really helped me getting through the pregnancy and it was just super interesting to notice that. As my pregnancy progressed, it was harder to control my blood sugar to keep it quote unquote stable or optimize it because as we as the prog pregnancy progresses also our hormones shift, right? There's I don't even know the exact. exact amount, but like they're so many times fold higher than they are before we even get pregnant. And so it's also like similar to, as I mentioned earlier, it's a natural reaction of our body to maintain energy so that the baby is actually able to grow, right? And so it's not as efficient in using glucose. That's also the reason why actually gestational diabetes can develop because. The body wants to take care of the baby and helps it grow. And so I could totally see that during the first few weeks my, my blood sugar was fairly easy, like I would say, like fairly, as it was prior to maintain it. And then I had my Oral glucose tolerance test, I think around like week 26, 28. I'm not entirely sure because I was traveling And I could see what my glucose was doing when I was drinking the glucola and then It was just as I said, that's a cool thing about the continuous glucose monitor that you can really track That highest point, right? And I could see that actually my highest point of glucose, like the highest glucose elevation was a little prior to the one time when they The blood sample, right? So I think that was just interesting to see, like, how the timing was aligned. But luckily I passed the test and I was not I did not have gestational diabetes, but I was still like, I actually wanted to wear a sensor during labor, but my sensor broke before the 2 days before I went into labor. So I don't have any data on that. But Yeah, we will see. So yeah, that's something I could tell and I could really tell it was harder to manage my glucose further. My pregnancy went. And then also during postpartum time, it took some time and it's still not there where it used to be like where it used to be like a year from now or like a year ago. Because, My, my sleep is not where it should be. Our baby is doing great, but still I feel like I don't sleep that well. I do get the amount of hours, but the sleep quality definitely takes a toll. And so also, then my body is a little more stressed. So I can definitely see that my, my baseline glucose levels are not where they have been like one and a half years ago. Let's say it like that. So that's just super interesting to see. Like the human and this female body is just like amazing, but also seeing what this whole process of pregnancy does. And as I was fortunate to have I would quote unquote, call it like fairly easy pregnancy. And I wish like every woman would have this experience. And also like my postpartum period was. easy as well. No postpartum depression. Nothing like that. So I feel like that's nice to have it in that sense, but even seeing it, that how it impacted my healthy body without any complications, I can't help myself to wonder what would it look like for women who, for example, go through depression, right? Or who had who were not that active during pregnancy because of other symptoms, right? So I feel like that's something we need to account for.

Judith Mueller 38:55

And sticking with sleep and glucose, what are the pathways mechanism behind that in general?

Marie-Luise Huber 39:01

They're the cool thing or the fascinating thing about sleep is actually that it's like bi directional on the one hand, if we don't have such a good sleep quality, you may have seen it with your Oura and I think you also mentioned it with the nightmares you have when we don't sleep that our bodies are not as well rested meaning that if they don't recover that well, if we don't rest that well, we are already at a little elevated stress level. That also then impacts how our bodies respond to glucose or like to foods during the day. So if we are ready, like at a higher baseline stress level, this also means that our glucose is already a little higher. And then if we add to that, that we don't make them most smart, like the smartest food choices our glucose just goes through the roof, exaggerating it. So that's like our, like we said, not such a good start into the day. So that's why our glucose levels are impacted by sleep, because we're not that well rested. But then on the other hand, like if our glucose levels before we go to bed are too high, then we also don't sleep that well. Because as I said, like our body's main function overnight should be like rest and recovery, but if our body is just like continuously working on like monitoring and managing the glucose levels and trying to bring them down so that they can actually work on the rest and recovery function it's just too much work. So then we also don't sleep that well. So it's like this. It's a vicious cycle of if you don't sleep that well, your glucose won't respond or your glucose levels won't respond that well. But then it also impacts how you sleep again. So it's really important to be able to break that cycle to understand it. And also. One of the practical recommendations I want to give in that sense is like really be mindful about your breakfast choices. If you start your breakfast like with very high carbs, like with something sweet and then, or maybe even like a fasted workout, like super stressed and then add something sweet to that welcome to the Glucose Rollercoaster. It won't get better throughout the day.

Judith Mueller 41:09

And actually you made a very good point on food choices and willpower. And I think this is also something what I've observed in myself. So my number one Self care habit is nine hours of sleep. And I think the sounds outrageous to a lot of people, but yeah, okay. It was pregnant people, young mothers excluded, but I think it sounds outrageous even to most people who are not a quote unquote affected by that, but for me, this is so important because this also comes back to cravings, right? If you haven't slept well, A, your willpower, Muscle, you literally will power muscle in your brain is not as well rested just because I think it's a prefrontal cortex making decisions, et cetera. So you're much more on your primal brain. We're just like I'm stressed. Let me eat something because I don't know why I'm stressed yet because I haven't slept. I don't know why I'm stressed yet, but might be tired. Let's just eat something. And then you also eat the wrong things or see leptin, ghrelins, your hunger and your satiety hormones, vice versa. Actually, I should have done the other way around. They're all over the place. And that's just so many things that feed into that. And then you have, PMS, et cetera, playing into that. So I think it's a long story short. What I'm trying to say is sleep is always super crucial, but especially in your luteal phase. Also when you're menstruating, et cetera, that is just one thing that's going to make your life easier. Also, when you're sleeping, you're not eating. That also helps.

Marie-Luise Huber 42:28

Exactly. And then also what you mentioned to give you another example, like our brains are wired to like, if you have cravings or if you don't sleep that and you need energy, they just reach for, or like they, they are wired that you are reached for something that gives them the quick fix. And that's mostly simple carbs, right? Think about like gummy bears or whatever you have. So if you have those cravings and you need the energy to, I would say go something like with protein and less carbs because you still get the energy. You feel so tired after, but it won't like give head that tall, like on your glucose so high.

Judith Mueller 43:03

Yeah. And you're not having the ups and downs again. And coming back to gestational diabetes, is there anything we can do to prevent that?

Marie-Luise Huber 43:13

I would say yes. Sure. Like there are genetic risk factors, as I said, like advanced gestational age. If you're, if you are already overweight, that's another thing. Or If you have a history of gestational diabetes, so that's, these are some factors, but it doesn't mean I think I'm a good example for that. That doesn't mean that you will get it right. What you can do is really being mindful about your food choices. That's one thing where I'm like, okay, don't like, Only eat carbs. I feel like carbs. They are necessary. I would say carbs are necessary. Yes, you need them, but be mindful about it. And everything you can do to set yourself up for success in advance will help you. It will also help your chances of getting pregnant. Already, as we talked about like stress, for example so be mindful about that too. And then also trying to stay active as long as possible. I know that sometimes it can be hard but like going for a walk will come a long way because. I'm not sure. Did we talk about like the power of movement to reduce glucose? Anyway, glucose walking will definitely help you to lower your glucose response. And so these are things like small things, steps you can take to Reduce the risk of gestational diabetes. And these are also already like contributors to even increase the chances of getting pregnant at first hand.

Judith Mueller 44:39

And I think I'll probably be naive here, but it's just a joke I wanted to crack. You're already carrying a dumbbell around with you anyway, you might as well use it, right?

Marie-Luise Huber 44:46

Exactly. And you will be so much stronger after.

Judith Mueller 44:51

I found that so interesting, actually, that I've actually seen a couple of women in my circle of friends who actually, AB, they're already doing weightlifting beforehand, which you should be doing anyway on, see various other episodes on that please, but a bit of marketing there. But I think it can actually be a very good Kickstarter to, get into the best shape of your life almost on many levels. Speaking of staying with low carb, keto, et cetera, and obviously keto in general for women like intermittent fasting, like other practices, we don't have that much data yet, but there also seems to be an indication of this can be very beneficial during certain parts of your cycle, when other parts of your cycle, you should carbs, if a lady is following the diet. used to being on a ketogenic diet, either full time or at least the majority of the time? Is that something you would recommend or at least not object to keeping on as long as possible, sensible, whatever? Would you say no, you actually do need to eat carbs during a pregnancy?

Marie-Luise Huber 45:55

I would actually say you will need some degree of carbs. So if you're a full keto during pregnancy, it may take a toll on your health and your baby's health. Because the way how our bodies process and like how you provide energy to your baby. I think it's important to keep that in mind. Like I'm not. Opposed to having a carb restriction, but still like some complex carbs are necessary, especially when we think about what do complex carbs come with, right? They have like certain vitamins. So that's I'm pro real food and not necessarily only supplementing and like the needs for certain micronutrients. are higher during pregnancy. And that's my reason why I say, yes, please eat carb smart during pregnancy, even though you may be, may have been on a ketogenic diet to be able to support your baby best with natural occurring foods and not just eating supplements.

Judith Mueller 46:57

I like to be very hands on with recommendations. I know this is probably oversimplifying a little bit, but say you've got your average quote unquote 60 kilogram pre baby woman. How many grams of carbs should you be eating during pregnancy? And maybe also in, in which trimester, if there's a difference.

Marie-Luise Huber 47:17

That's a good question, and I have not a specific answer. It wouldn't change during the first trimester, that's for sure. It will definitely impact during second and third trimester. But I'm, I want to refrain from saying except the exact amount of carbs.

Judith Mueller 47:35

Fair enough. Okay. All the legal disclaimer, medical disclaimer, every disclaimer at this stage. No, that's fair enough. Coming back to, you mentioned you had a couple of, or what would you say are the most surprising insights either you and, or your clients have had either, in your private practice previously or at HelloInside?

Marie-Luise Huber 47:58

The most surprising fact is on the one hand, what you have already mentioned, like how different during the cycle phases you may react to food that's one thing. And then also that there are foods you think will not increase your glucose, but they still do. And that's very individual. I, for example I'm lucky that I can, let's call it quote unquote lucky that I can Pasta without any concern. But as soon as I add some tomato sauce to that, my blood sugar goes through the roof. And I tried that with some kind of like different dumplings and everything where. Same food, once with tomato sauce, so it's not necessarily the pasta, it's really the tomato sauce that will bring up my glucose. Which I would not think of you think about tomatoes they are, you don't think about them as a source of carbs, but there must be something of the processing of tomatoes and heating them that they will then impact your glucose.

Judith Mueller 48:52

It's that, and it could potentially also be the fact that they are nightshades. So if you're having we've got potatoes peppers of any sort, we've got aubergines and what do we say? Tomatoes. So these are the four prominent members. Everyone reacts to them differently. Also how they're prepared. So I, for example, and rightly or wrongly, I I When I do use tomatoes, I de seed them before I cook them, and then once I've cooked them, I peel them. It's very appealing to watch me, I peel the peel off and spit it back out. So this is something I eat at home alone and not a polite society, basically. But so this may very well have something to do, but this is very interesting. I've also come across cases where people, for example if you've got any sort of intolerance or, even allergy against something, you will have that stress response in your body. For example, if you a friend of mine said she had the reaction with almonds, which, It's very nuts, very healthy. You've got your protein, you've got your healthy fats, all the rest of it. And she even activated them, all the kind of, funky things that my, my kind of people like to do. We'll talk about activating another episode. I'm sure that's something I really like to do, but it's basically removing toxins. It's basically what I'm called. Name is escaping me now, but it's basically the toxins that any sort of food that doesn't run away, like tree, for example, any sort of tree fruit, tree plants produce to keep well, I suppose food enemy is what they're called food predators away. Anyway, long story short, so there might be some things, and I think this is where CGM is really interesting. Actually, speaking of which, do you know of, or would you, how would you structure a program? If someone said I've got CGM for two weeks, I want to find out as much as possible about myself. Is there any way, like today I will have a nut, tomorrow I will have a, whatever it is, a potato, tomorrow, the day after that, I will have eggs. Is there any sort of, let's call it elimination diet for CGM?

Marie-Luise Huber 50:50

Not that I know of, and it's also nothing that we at Hello Inside would promote. The reason for that is because nutrition is so emotional and also very individual, right? And then it's also seasonal, right? So I feel like if you want to approach such a program. To really make it able for a client to follow through, it needs to be individualized, right? And if I were to tell you, Hey, you need to eat this and you should not eat that. And it does not fit into your day. The way to enter it would be so much harder, right? Especially, I do understand like from a clinical perspective, like those elimination diets, they are absolutely necessary for certain kinds of diseases or like to find out. But in that sense, when you're talking about the CGM, it's. Just you want to understand your individual response and maybe you don't even eat rice, right? I don't know, right? So if I were to tell you, you have to eat rice to find out like your response to that, then it would just be so much harder to really follow through. And that's why we tell Insight don't do it that way. What we do promote and support though is let's say you wear the sensor for the first time and we try to encourage our users to keep their nutrition or like their habits. for about the same, I would say three, four, ideally even seven days, depending on like how many sensors you have and then start to incorporate changes after seven days. So that you are able really to see okay, like what actually increased my blood sugar the most. And like, how does it fit into my lifestyle? Maybe like during the week is harder than on the weekends or vice versa. And so that's what we support in doing is try to keep it as normal quote unquote during the first week and then pick three things I usually say pick three things that you want to change because they matter to you. Maybe you want to go on a walk more often. Or maybe you want to eat a salad always first because that also then impacts your glucose. Meal prepping, because that could potentially help with your glucose response. It's really like this individual approach on habits that you want to change versus us telling you what you have to do because your life is different than mine. Your routines are different than mine. Your preferences in food are different than mine. So that's like where we are coming from.

Judith Mueller 53:15

This is super interesting. I think one thing to note, cause we've talked about the cycle and insulin sensitivities is actually, might even be worth having a two weeks of a sensor and you start on day X of the cycle, use that as is keep the data, keep your food diary also very important. And then try to recreate that or rather not recreate, but actually make the changes when you use a second sensor and don't use that straight after, but use it on the same cycle day

Marie-Luise Huber 53:39

Yeah that's also one thing we like, That's we have like at Hello Inside, we have like different programs and we have those it's called hello hormones which is like a cycle based program, which goes like through the medical cycle for 28 days. And we do have what we call them experiments. So we say, okay, eat a banana in case you want, during, on day four. And then we give the recommendation to eat the banana on day 21 or 27. And then you're able to compare the data to really see that. So we do give those guided experience, but it's not like very strict that you have to or you have not to.

Judith Mueller 54:13

So if someone really wanted to dig into that, I suppose a good point to start, even if it's. By themselves will be list of known food intolerances, even if they have either tested for, or I suppose against them just to see what happens. And if people wanted to find out more coaching around it, what would be a good way to approach that?

Marie-Luise Huber 54:35

coaching in the sense of one-on-one interaction or I would say buy Hello Inside and like book a, a nutrition consultation.

Judith Mueller 54:42

Sounds good. No, I feel that sounds like a sensible option. I think there's also another thing, when we said if things so individual and I think your genetics do play a big component in that and I've started experimenting also with the longevity clinics that I'm building. Obviously I'm seeing a lot of a genetic testing, genetic advice, et cetera. Also how these things are incorporated into anything from, disease risk to eat less spinach, more broccoli, for example, literally to that details. I've seen a couple of very interesting ones. I did one episode with a company called the new, so it's NU which is a multi omics platform. So you basically upload your genetic data, your genetic and epigenetic. So that's a long term stuff. You also have your say, Medium term snapshots, I call them. So your, blood, stool, urine, these kinds of things, basically anything you need to go to lab for. And then you can also incorporate your wearables, your Oura hopefully also your CGM, et cetera, et cetera. And combining all that together. And I think that's really the future of medicine. So I'm very happy to see more of that. Is there any other insights from your clients that you think is quite shareable?

Marie-Luise Huber 55:49

I would say it's One of the feedbacks I have received from one of my clients, she said wearing a CGM was more interesting than reading the latest thriller. Because she actually could see what was happening in her body, and seeing that on black on white. Was just very interesting for her. Like she did and that's, that goes unisono through all of our users. Like the users who sign up for Hello Inside and the ones that are wearing a CGM, they already have some natural interest in their lifestyle, right? So they want to improve their habits. They want to improve themselves, but then being able really to see a 24 seven just adds like a different layer to that. And. It opens the eyes of as we talked about stress, right? Like you may enter a meeting and you're like something's off. And then you check your glucose data and you realize you're stressed. But also fun story. Another user not a client. She was living in a long distance relationship and I really like to bring this example because she also noticed whenever she was about to see her I think back then boyfriend her glucose went up because she was so excited and she was so happy. So again, like stress is not only negative, right? But it also helps you to understand that something is happening in your body. And that's why we need to be so mindful about stress. Because it changes the way how your body reacts, right? And so that's why I feel like, yes, stress is mostly negative, but it's also positive. But also then seeing the power of movement as we talked, movement is a cool thing because it brings, in some cases, it brings down your glucose. So it definitely is one tool you can use to, to leverage, to on the one hand, yes, feel happier because, Movement makes you feel happy, but then on the other hand, like to support your body in a way how the metabolism works. And that's something a lot of we got as a feedback on the one hand. Yes. Stress was a big thing. How it impacts your glucose and also how like the power of movement really helped to see a lot of our users that they actually could and should move more to support their bodies.

Judith Mueller 58:01

And I found that so interesting when people say you have your post prandial walk. And I do that anyway, just so I don't feel sluggish and I get moving. And it's so interesting to see what happens on the CGM. I'll leave that as a spoiler alert for for anyone who wants to try the CGM there, but it's really, I don't, as I said, I don't really naturally get spikes because I don't really have high carb meals, but even see what happens there where it says. Not flat. I do see a raise, but it doesn't stay long. It only stays a couple of minutes. And I literally go round the block for 10 minutes. And I think it also highlights the, what for me, and I keep talking about this really are the sort of five bases it's eat, move, sleep, stress reduction, socialize, basically spend time with your tribe. And we talked about food. We've talked about sleep. We talked about movement. Again, stress reduction causes all that kind of And again, spending time with your tribe, that's also to do with stress reduction and cortisol all goes back together, right? Just don't have a 11 PM meal with your tribe. Just don't do that.

Marie-Luise Huber 59:00

And then don't go to bed right after.

Judith Mueller 59:03

exactly, that's run the experiment once and see what happens with the Oura see what happens in CGM. And it's very insightful. And one last question from a. Confused consumer on behalf of all confused consumers out there. There's so many new things coming to the market. So how is Hello Inside different to, for example, Zoe and whoever's out there?

Marie-Luise Huber 59:26

I have to say it's been a while since I tested Zoe. So that's the disclaimer there. But from what I see and what I have experienced myself, Zoe has a strong focus on the microbiome and gut health, which is important because Our brain and gut very much connected. So I I, I do see the benefit in that and I don't want to bash Zoe in any way because I think they're doing an amazing work. What we at Hello Inside do is we look like at the person as a whole. And as I said, like earlier, we provide recommendations on either like movement or sleep or whatever, based on. Your individual needs. So you make like lifestyles, lifestyle decisions throughout the day. And so we react to those. And we really want to support women to change their behavior on different areas. Because for example, sleep may be easier for you to work on. Then it may be for me. But it's up to you really to decide on what you want to work on. We provide like. What we call like a general health assessment you have a dashboard where you see the areas of lifestyle that you would need to improve, but then it's up to you to decide what you want. So that's why we we're a little different in that sense from Zoe, because we give the power back to you so you can decide on which areas of lifestyle you want to work on. And it's not only us telling you, you need to improve your nutrition.

Judith Mueller 1:00:52

Actually, that is so interesting because I always. I hear a lot of the time from people saying you're a biohacker. This sounds really stressful. Like you've given up so many things. You've done this, that and the other. And I'm like some of these were never really an issue. I've never drunk alcohol, so I don't really miss it. Some of these were difficult when I started, talk about ice bathing and stuff like that. And today I'm like, Oh, second nature pretty much. Exaggerate a little bit, but I think you know what I mean. It's just becomes, second nature to some extent. And I just really say, look, figure out what is, find out, for example, in the case of a CGM, find out what your responses are and then weigh up for yourself, what does that mean? Does that mean you go from five glass of alcohol to one glass and you have it two hours earlier than you would normally have, that would improve your sleep. Because it's earlier, again, it gives you time, body time to, to digest that, to absorb that many levels. Again, it's not as much. So I think really find out where your own individual balance is. I, for example, I was a huge chocoholic as a child. I'm actually, to the state surprise, I didn't get, Diabetes back then. I think I just got very lucky to be honest. I was also training a lot, so that probably, helped in hindsight, but it wasn't an ordinary amount of chocolate. So do not recommend that. But at the same time for me, it's I've completely weaned myself off, let's call it industrial chocolate. So for example, I have found the most amazing 99 percent raw vegan chocolate that most people like. What the Beep is this and I'm like, I really like it, and I do have this every single day. And it's, again, it's something like whatever works for you and just find your balance, really. That was Marie-Luise Huber of Hello Inside. Marie-Luise, it was lovely to have you on. Thank you very much.

Marie-Luise Huber 1:02:35

Thank you for having me and giving me the space to talk about my personal pregnancy and everything else regarding like the female menstrual cycle and also what it means to live a healthy, glucose focused, monitored life, if I want to say it like the way.

Judith Mueller 1:02:49

Long live the CGM.

Marie-Luise Huber 1:02:51

Yes. Thank you. Bye.

Judith Mueller 1:02:59

Thank you for joining me on this transformative journey. Your presence in this community is truly valued. Now, you may not realize it, but your words hold immense power. They have the ability to reach others who may benefit greatly from the wisdom shared here. If you found value in what you heard, I kindly ask you to take a moment to subscribe to Biohacking Eve, leave a glowing review on your preferred podcast platform, and share Biohacking Eve with your friends and family. Your support helps spread the message of health optimization for women far and wide. Lastly, I want to express my gratitude to you for investing in yourself. By prioritizing your well being, you serve as an inspiration to others. I'm eagerly looking forward to bringing you many more exciting episodes, and thank you for being a Biohacker. Right. The part of our community live long and prosper, my friend. The Biohacking Eve Health Optimization for Women podcast is for general informational purposes only, and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing, or other professional healthcare services, including the given of medical advice and no doctor patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast or materials linked from this podcast is at the user's own risk. The content of this podcast is not intended to be substituted for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard or delay obtaining medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of the healthcare professionals for any such conditions. In addition, the information on this podcast does not constitute investment or financial advice.